Chlorpyrifos: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
chlorpyrifos : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 2730 |
| CHEMBL ID | 463210 |
| CHEBI ID | 34631 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 21680 |
| MeSH ID | M0006894 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| BIDD:PXR0044 |
| AC-993 |
| BRD-K08303368-001-02-7 |
| phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) ester |
| phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) ester |
| KBIO1_001558 |
| DIVK1C_006614 |
| o,o-diethyl-o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)phosphorothiolate |
| CHEBI:34631 , |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl) phosphorothioate |
| dowco 179 |
| m-chlorpyrifos |
| o,o-diethyl-o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)phosphorothioate |
| lock-on |
| lorsban |
| stipend |
| detmol |
| tricel |
| nufos |
| chlorpyriphos |
| trichlorpyrphos |
| dursban |
| chlorpyrifos ethyl |
| piridane |
| equity |
| chlorpyrifos-ethyl |
| bolton |
| warhawk |
| lentrek |
| brodan |
| 2921-88-2 |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl) thiophosphate |
| chlorpyrifos |
| SPECTRUM_001897 |
| zodiac (tn) |
| D07688 |
| chlorpyrifos (ban) |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) phosphorothioate |
| SPECTRUM5_002014 |
| BSPBIO_002437 |
| NCGC00091472-01 |
| chlorpyrifos (dursban) |
| o,o-diethyl o-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate |
| geodinfos |
| brn 1545756 |
| dursban r |
| o,o-diaethyl-o-3,5,6-trichlor-2-pyridylmonothiophosphat [german] |
| chlorpyrifos [ansi:bsi:iso] |
| grofo |
| bonidel |
| dursban 44 |
| killmaster |
| ccris 7144 |
| terial |
| dursban 4e |
| chlorpyrifos [ban] |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)phosphorothioate |
| suscon blue |
| ethyl chlorpyriphos |
| dursban 10cr |
| oms-0971 |
| suscon green |
| terial 40l |
| ai3-27311 |
| epa pesticide chemical code 059101 |
| lorsban 50sl |
| xrm 5160 |
| coroban |
| chlorpyriphos [iso-french] |
| danusban |
| tafaban |
| dhanusban |
| ent 27311 |
| pyrinex |
| hsdb 389 |
| zidil |
| chloropyrifos |
| xrm 429 |
| radar (fungicide) |
| chlorpyriphos-ethyl |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phsophorothioate |
| spannit |
| einecs 220-864-4 |
| dursban f |
| durmet |
| 2-pyridinol, 3,5,6-trichloro-, o-ester with o,o-diethyl phosphorothioate |
| suscon |
| caswell no. 219aa |
| detmol ua |
| clorpyrifos |
| dursban, analytical standard |
| NCGC00091472-03 |
| NCGC00091472-02 |
| NCGC00091472-04 |
| NCGC00091472-06 |
| NCGC00091472-05 |
| radar |
| KBIO2_002421 |
| KBIOSS_002427 |
| KBIOGR_001157 |
| KBIO2_007557 |
| KBIO3_001937 |
| KBIO2_004989 |
| SPECPLUS_000518 |
| SPBIO_001080 |
| SPECTRUM3_000849 |
| SPECTRUM2_001230 |
| SPECTRUM4_000689 |
| SPECTRUM330058 |
| NCGC00091472-07 |
| MLS001065609 , |
| smr000568474 |
| pridane |
| CHEMBL463210 |
| nsc-755891 |
| ent-27311 |
| diethoxy-sulfanylidene-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxyphosphorane |
| sbpbaqfwlviokp-uhfffaoysa- |
| inchi=1/c9h11cl3no3ps/c1-3-14-17(18,15-4-2)16-9-7(11)5-6(10)8(12)13-9/h5h,3-4h2,1-2h3 |
| NCGC00091472-08 |
| NCGC00091472-09 |
| HMS3264O03 |
| HMS3039C03 |
| jcs58i644w , |
| o,o-diaethyl-o-3,5,6-trichlor-2-pyridylmonothiophosphat |
| detmol u.a. |
| unii-jcs58i644w |
| nsc 755891 |
| cas-2921-88-2 |
| dtxcid80458 |
| tox21_300148 |
| NCGC00253974-01 |
| tox21_202383 |
| NCGC00259932-01 |
| dtxsid4020458 , |
| diethoxy-sulfanylidene-[3,5,6-tris(chloranyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy-$l^{5}-phosphane |
| diethoxy-sulfanylidene-[(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]phosphorane |
| A819822 |
| pharmakon1600-00330058 |
| nsc755891 |
| CCG-39144 |
| AKOS015891656 |
| chlorpyrifos [hsdb] |
| chlorpyrifos [iso] |
| chlorpyrifos [mart.] |
| chlorpyrifos [mi] |
| SCHEMBL21680 |
| bdbm74063 |
| diethoxy-thioxo-[(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)oxy]phosphorane |
| diethoxy-sulfanylidene-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxy--phosphane |
| cid_2730 |
| diethoxy-sulfanylidene-[3,5,6-tris(chloranyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy--phosphane |
| chlorpyrofos |
| chlorpyrophos |
| empire 20 |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) thiophosphate # |
| oms 971 |
| ent 27,311 |
| silrifos |
| chloropyriphos |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate |
| pageant |
| o,o-diethyl o-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridylphosphorothioate |
| dursban 2e |
| KS-5372 |
| AB00053051_06 |
| FT-0698165 |
| ethyl 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl ethoxy(sulfanylidene)phosphonite |
| mfcd00041800 |
| chlorpyrifos, certified reference material, tracecert(r) |
| SR-01000854727-2 |
| sr-01000854727 |
| chlorpyrifos, pestanal(r), analytical standard |
| chlorpyrifos 100 microg/ml in acetone |
| chlorpyrifos 10 microg/ml in cyclohexane |
| chlorpyrifos 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile |
| chlorpyrifos 100 microg/ml in cyclohexane |
| J-017440 |
| SBI-0052543.P002 |
| o,o-diethyl o-3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl phosphorothioate |
| chlorpyrifos (ethyl) |
| Q414915 |
| BRD-K08303368-001-06-8 |
| CS-0012832 |
| diethoxy-sulfanylidene-(3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl)oxy-lambda5-phosphane |
| chlorpyrifos 1000 microg/ml in toluene |
| bonidel; cpf zamba; chlora; |
| H10426 |
| HY-B0815 |
| chlorpyrifos 1000 microg/ml in acetone |
| lorsban 4e |
| phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)ester |
| phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)ester |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl)phosphorothioic acid ester |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl) phosphorothioic acid ester |
| chlorpyrifos (mart.) |
| o,o-diethyl-o-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) thiophosphate |
| o,o-diethyl o-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)phosphorothioic acid ester |
| trichlorpyriphos |
| ethion, dry |
| dursban tc |
| usepa/opp pesticide code: 059101 |
| analytical grade chlorpyrifos |
| 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol o-ester with o,o-diethyl phosphorothioate |
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a class of organophosphorus (OP) pesticides, which find extensive applications as acaricide, insecticide and termiticide. Chlorpyrs are currently used to reduce arthropod pests for the protection of agricultural crops.
Chlorpyrifos (CPF) has been extensively used in the world and frequently found in natural environments. It might cause a range of environmental issues and pose a health risk to aquatic species. ChlorpYRifos has been considered as one of the most potent organophosphates and is linked to several neurological disorders.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Chlorpyrifos could inhibit cell proliferation, activate cell pyroptosis and increase susceptibility on oxidative stress-induced toxicity by elevating miR-181 through down-regulation of the SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. " | ( Chlorpyrifos activates cell pyroptosis and increases susceptibility on oxidative stress-induced toxicity by miR-181/SIRT1/PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling pathway in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: Implication for association between chlorpyrifos and Parkinson's Yang, P; Zhao, LL; Zhao, MW, 2019) | 3.4 |
Chlorpyrifos treatment showed significant alterations in the cognitive behavior and motor activities of rats, which were appreciably improved upon simultaneous supplementation with quercetin. In chlorpyr ifos-treated fish there is no change in the histological structure of the ultimobranchial gland up to 14 days.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Chlorpyrifos was treated against biochar at varying physical parameters and further optimized by using response surface methodology through Box-Behnken design (BBD)." | ( Characterization of organophosphate pesticide sorption of potato peel biochar as low cost adsorbent for chlorpyrifos removal. Dalui, S; Gupta, GK; Kumar, S; Mondal, MK; Mukherjee, P; Rano, S; Roy, S; Singh, M, 2022) | 1.66 |
| "Chlorpyrifos treatment showed significant alterations in the cognitive behavior and motor activities of rats, which were appreciably improved upon simultaneous supplementation with quercetin." | ( Neuro-protective potential of quercetin during chlorpyrifos induced neurotoxicity in rats. Dhawan, DK; Kaur, S; Singla, N, 2019) | 1.49 |
| "In chlorpyrifos-treated animals, we have observed a significant decrease in the protein expression level of Bcl-2, but a remarkable increase in the expression levels of Bax, cytochrome c, caspase-8, and caspase-9 in both cerebrum and cerebellum." | ( Quercetin plays protective role in oxidative induced apoptotic events during chronic chlorpyrifos exposure to rats. Chadha, VD; Dhawan, DK; Fereidouni, S; Kumar, RR, 2019) | 1.25 |
| "Chlorpyrifos treatment had no effect on the measured indicators of thyroid follicular development." | ( Effects of chlorpyrifos on in vitro sex steroid production and thyroid follicular development in adult and larval Lake Sturgeon, Acipenser fulvescens. Arcinas, L; Brandt, C; Burnett, DC; Gary Anderson, W; Palace, V, 2015) | 1.53 |
| "In chlorpyrifos-treated fish there is no change in the histological structure of the ultimobranchial gland up to 14 days." | ( Histological alterations in the ultimobranchial gland of teleost Heteropneustes fossilis in response to chlorpyrifos treatment. Mishra, D; Srivastav, AK; Srivastav, SK; Srivastava, SK, 2011) | 1.1 |
| "In chlorpyrifos-treated animals, pilocarpine dose-response curves were shifted significantly to the right, demonstrating decreased responsiveness of neuronal M2 receptors." | ( Mechanisms of organophosphate insecticide-induced airway hyperreactivity. Beckles, RA; Fryer, AD; Howard, AS; Jett, DA; Lein, PJ; Yost, BL, 2004) | 0.84 |
| "Chlorpyrifos treatment resulted in a significant increase in hepatic lipid peroxidation and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (G-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR)." | ( Protective effects of zinc on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and hepatic histoarchitecture in chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity. Dani, V; Dhawan, DK; Goel, A, 2005) | 1.26 |
| "Chlorpyrifos treatment to normal control animals resulted in a significant decrease in TLC and ZPP concentration after 4 and 8 weeks." | ( Role of zinc in mitigating the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos on hematological alterations and electron microscopic observations in rat blood. Dani, V; Dhawan, DK; Goel, A, 2006) | 1.31 |
| "Chlorpyrifos treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the serum zinc concentrations." | ( Zinc mediates normalization of hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes in chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity. Dani, V; Dhawan, DK; Goel, A, 2007) | 1.3 |
| "Chlorpyrifos treatment diminished serum and hepatic zinc levels significantly (p < 0.01 to p < 0.001) compared to normal control animals." | ( Protective effects of zinc in chlorpyrifos induced hepatotoxicity: a biochemical and trace elemental study. Chauhan, DP; Dhawan, DK; Goel, A, 2000) | 1.32 |
| "Treatment with chlorpyrifos at EC25 induced changes in six spots, all of which were down-regulated; treatment with chlorpyrifos at EC50 induced changes in 13 spots, five of which were down-regulated." | ( Effects of nickel, chlorpyrifos and their mixture on the Dictyostelium discoideum proteome. Boatti, L; Marengo, E; Marsano, F; Robotti, E; Viarengo, A, 2012) | 1.05 |
| "Rats treated with chlorpyrifos and administered scopolamine underwent a marked vasoconstriction and elevation in Tc." | ( Chlorpyrifos-induced hypothermia and vasodilation in the tail of the rat: blockade by scopolamine. Gordon, CJ; Yang, YL, 2000) | 2.07 |
Chlorpyrifos-methyl is a wide-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide. It can induce immunotoxicity with deleterious effects on health worldwide. Application of fungal bio-composites cannot induce toxic risk to the environment and non-target organisms.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " It is believed that the phosphonate ester configuration of EPN and Leptophos has a specific mode of toxic action which is mainly located at the central nervous system." | ( Neurotoxicity of organophosphorus insecticides Leptophos and EPN. Ahmed, NS; El-Sebae, AH; Elamayem, MA; Soliman, SA, 1977) | 0.26 |
| "The oral LD50 of a compound in hens does not reliably predict the neurotoxic dose of that compound." | ( Consideration of dose levels for delayed neurotoxicity testing in hens: the relationship of neurotoxic dosages to acute LD50 values. Hixson, EJ, 1983) | 0.27 |
| "Comparison of published LD50 or LC50 levels for a variety of insecticides in several vertebrate species indicate that a wide range of toxicity levels exist, and these cannot be easily predicted within either a chemical group or within a species." | ( Biochemical mechanisms contributing to species differences in insecticidal toxicity. Carr, RL; Chambers, JE, 1995) | 0.29 |
| " These data show that oral administration of chlorpyrifos to rats at parentally toxic dose levels was not embryolethal, embryo/fetotoxic, or teratogenic and did not adversely affect fertility or the function or structure of the reproductive organs." | ( Evaluation of the developmental and reproductive toxicity of chlorpyrifos in the rat. Breslin, WJ; Dittenber, DA; Liberacki, AB; Quast, JF, 1996) | 0.8 |
| " We hypothesize that test compounds may compete for xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in the liver and blood and may also compromise the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, leading to an increase in their "effective concentrations" in the nervous system to levels equivalent to the toxic doses of individual compounds." | ( Increased neurotoxicity following concurrent exposure to pyridostigmine bromide, DEET, and chlorpyrifos. Abdel-Rahman, AA; Abou-Donia, MB; Jensen, KF; Kurt, TL; Oehme, FW; Wilmarth, KR, 1996) | 0.51 |
| " In most cases, the adverse effects were not evident during the immediate period of chlorpyrifos administration, but appeared after a delay of several days." | ( Cellular mechanisms for developmental toxicity of chlorpyrifos: targeting the adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade. Padilla, S; Saleh, JL; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA; Song, X; Zhang, J, 1997) | 0.77 |
| " Compared with their wild-type littermates, PON1-deficient mice were extremely sensitive to the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos oxon, the activated form of chlorpyrifos, and were more sensitive to chlorpyrifos itself." | ( Mice lacking serum paraoxonase are susceptible to organophosphate toxicity and atherosclerosis. Castellani, LW; Costa, LG; Fogelman, AM; Furlong, CE; Gu, L; Hama, S; Li, WF; Lusis, AJ; Navab, M; Shih, DM; Xia, YR, 1998) | 0.51 |
| " Chlorpyrifos was the most toxic chemical tested, followed by m-parathion and then pentachlorobenzene." | ( Effects of temperature on the toxicity of m-parathion, chlorpyrifos, and pentachlorobenzene to Chironomus tentans. Belden, JB; Lydy, MJ; Ternes, MA, 1999) | 1.46 |
| "The aim of the study was the evaluation of the toxic effect of a two-component, preparation Nurelle D 550 EC (500 g of chlorpyrifos and 50 g cypermethrin per 1 l), administrated dermally." | ( Studies of toxicity of dermally-absorbed nurelle D 550 EC preparations. Halliop, J; Korczak, E; Latuszyńska, J; Luty, S; Obuchowska, D; Przylepa, E; Tochman, A, 1999) | 0.51 |
| "Chlorpyrifos has been hypothesized to interact with receptors and transduction proteins involved in the production of cyclic AMP, contributing to adverse effects on cell replication and differentiation." | ( Neonatal chlorpyrifos exposure targets multiple proteins governing the hepatic adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade: implications for neurotoxicity. Auman, JT; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, 2000) | 2.17 |
| " The goal of this study was to ascertain the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos, one of the most widely used OPs, on the liver of male rats and also to evaluate the protective potential of zinc in mediating its toxic effects." | ( Protective effects of zinc in chlorpyrifos induced hepatotoxicity: a biochemical and trace elemental study. Chauhan, DP; Dhawan, DK; Goel, A, 2000) | 0.84 |
| " We also found that the addition of sera protected the cells from the adverse effects of chlorpyrifos and that the effect could be reproduced by addition of albumin." | ( Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos modeled in vitro: comparative effects of metabolites and other cholinesterase inhibitors on DNA synthesis in PC12 and C6 cells. Qiao, D; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, 2001) | 0.82 |
| " Thus, exercise training may afford protection to the toxic effects of organophosphate insecticides." | ( Effects of exercise conditioning on thermoregulatory response to anticholinesterase insecticide toxicity. Gordon, CJ; Metzger, BL; Rowsey, PJ, 2001) | 0.31 |
| " These results suggest that CE increases lipid peroxidation and decreases AOP by increasing oxidative stress, and that high doses of melatonin and a combination of vitamin E plus vitamin C considerably reduce the toxic effect of CE on kidney tissue of rats." | ( Nephrotoxicity in rats induced by chlorpryfos-ethyl and ameliorating effects of antioxidants. Altuntas, I; Delibas, N; Gultekin, F; Karaöz, E; Oncu, M, 2002) | 0.31 |
| " The present findings indicate a wide window of vulnerability of cholinergic systems to CPF, extending from prenatal through postnatal periods, occurring independently of adverse effects on general cellular neurotoxicity." | ( Fetal chlorpyrifos exposure: adverse effects on brain cell development and cholinergic biomarkers emerge postnatally and continue into adolescence and adulthood. Cousins, MM; Qiao, D; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA; Tate, CA, 2003) | 0.8 |
| " In general, survival of all larval stages of walleye exposed to chlorpyrifos-HA complexes was less than that of walleye exposed to HA controls and the chlorpyrifos-only treatment, which were not toxic to walleye." | ( Toxicity of chlorpyrifos adsorbed on humic colloids to larval walleye (Stizostedion vitreum). Laird, DA; Phillips, TA; Summerfelt, RC; Wu, J, 2003) | 0.94 |
| " Body residue analysis of worms indicated increased metabolite formation, suggesting the greater-than-additive response may be due to increased biotransformation to more toxic oxon metabolites." | ( Assessing the impact of triazine herbicides on organophosphate insecticide toxicity to the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Linck, SL; Lydy, MJ, 2003) | 0.32 |
| " To address the question of the difference in toxicity between parathion and chlorpyrifos, the toxic effects of their leaving groups, p-nitrophenol and trichloropyridinol, were studied in mixed-cell aggregates." | ( Involvement of glial cells in the neurotoxicity of parathion and chlorpyrifos. Costa, LG; Honegger, P; Monnet-Tschudi, F; Schilter, B; Zurich, MG, 2004) | 0.79 |
| "Chlorpyrifos-methyl, a wide-spectrum organophosphorus insecticide and potential toxic pollutant contaminating aquatic ecosystems, was investigated for acute toxicity." | ( Investigation of acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos-methyl on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) larvae. Gül, A, 2005) | 2.05 |
| " Their major mechanism of acute toxic action is the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, which is responsible for the degradation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine." | ( Long-term neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: spatial learning impairment on repeated acquisition in a water maze. Cañadas, F; Cardona, D; Dávila, E; Sánchez-Santed, F, 2005) | 0.63 |
| "Static bioassays were made to determine acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos-methyl, a wide spectrum organophosphorus insecticide and potential toxic pollutant of aquatic ecosystem, Guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata)." | ( Investigation of acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos-methyl on guppy Poecilia reticulata. Erkoç, F; Koçak, O; Sarikaya, R; Selvi, M, 2005) | 0.85 |
| "This study investigated the toxic effects of the insecticides lindane and chlorpyrifos, the herbicide diuron, the organometallic antifoulant tributyltin (TBT), and the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the early life stages of Paracentrotus lividus (Echinodermata, Euechinoidea), Ciona intestinalis (Chordata, Ascidiacea), Maja squinado and Palaemon serratus (Arthropoda, Crustacea) in laboratory acute toxicity tests." | ( Toxicity of organic compounds to marine invertebrate embryos and larvae: a comparison between the sea urchin embryogenesis bioassay and alternative test species. Beiras, R; Bellas, J; Fernández, N; Mariño-Balsa, JC, 2005) | 0.56 |
| "These results indicate that individuals expressing only the PON1Q192 allele would be more sensitive to the adverse effects of CPO or CPS exposure, especially if they are expressing a low level of plasma PON1Q192." | ( Toxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos oxon in a transgenic mouse model of the human paraoxonase (PON1) Q192R polymorphism. Cole, TB; Costa, LG; Furlong, CE; Lusis, AJ; Richter, RJ; Shih, DM; Timchalk, C; Tward, AD; Walter, BJ, 2005) | 0.71 |
| "We previously reported that sequence of exposure to chlorpyrifos and parathion in adult rats can markedly influence toxic outcome." | ( Interactive toxicity of chlorpyrifos and parathion in neonatal rats: role of esterases in exposure sequence-dependent toxicity. Baireddy, P; Kacham, R; Karanth, S; Liu, J; Pope, C, 2006) | 0.89 |
| " When coupled with past studies from our laboratory, this research helps to provide a better understanding of the toxic effects of herbicide-insecticide interactions." | ( Effects of triazine herbicides on organophosphate insecticide toxicity in Hyalella azteca. Lydy, MJ; Trimble, AJ, 2006) | 0.33 |
| " In addition, a significant decrease in serum zinc and iron concentrations were observed following chlorpyrifos intoxication, however, these animals responded with increased serum copper levels following the toxic treatment with this organophosphate." | ( Role of zinc in mitigating the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos on hematological alterations and electron microscopic observations in rat blood. Dani, V; Dhawan, DK; Goel, A, 2006) | 0.81 |
| " The distribution of drivers into the three categories changes with differing assumptions pertaining to the factors affecting the calculation of safe stopping distance and critical crossing distance as well as speed thresholds for determining a priori aggressive behaviour." | ( Driver behaviour, dilemma zone and safety effects at urban signalized intersections in Greece. Papaioannou, P, 2007) | 0.34 |
| " The primary mechanism of acute toxic action of OPs is inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)." | ( Vulnerability of long-term neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: effect on schedule-induced polydipsia and a delay discounting task. Cardona, D; Flores, P; López-Crespo, G; López-Grancha, M; Nieto-Escamez, F; Sánchez-Santed, F, 2006) | 0.59 |
| " The enhanced inhibition of AChE observed with the TLS bioassay during the initial 30 min of photodegradation in case of all four OPs, confirmed the formation of toxic intermediates." | ( Photodegradation of organophosphorus insecticides - investigations of products and their toxicity using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and AChE-thermal lens spectrometric bioassay. Bavcon Kralj, M; Franko, M; Trebse, P, 2007) | 0.34 |
| "Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and are highly toxic to amphibians." | ( Comparative toxicity of chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion and their oxon derivatives to larval Rana boylii. Fellers, G; Sparling, DW, 2007) | 0.65 |
| " In addition, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and biotransformation were investigated to evaluate the toxic mode of action of chlorpyrifos in the presence of atrazine." | ( Examining the joint toxicity of chlorpyrifos and atrazine in the aquatic species: Lepomis macrochirus, Pimephales promelas and Chironomus tentans. Lydy, MJ; Schuler, LJ; Tyler Mehler, W, 2008) | 0.83 |
| "The study highlights the adverse effects of organophosphate compounds dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos on reproduction in Drosophila." | ( Adverse effect of organophosphate compounds, dichlorvos and chlorpyrifos in the reproductive tissues of transgenic Drosophila melanogaster: 70kDa heat shock protein as a marker of cellular damage. Chowdhuri, DK; Gupta, SC; Mathur, N; Mishra, RK; Mitra, K; Saxena, DK; Siddique, HR, 2007) | 0.81 |
| " TCP was found to be more toxic than its parent chemical chlorpyrifos to Daphnia survival in cladoceran culture medium." | ( Toxicity of chlorpyrifos and TCP alone and in combination to Daphnia carinata: the influence of microbial degradation in natural water. Cáceres, T; He, W; Megharaj, M; Naidu, R, 2007) | 0.96 |
| " Acetochlor and its photolytic degradation products were found to be more toxic to bacteria than fungi." | ( Microbial toxicity of pesticide derivatives produced with UV-photodegradation. Kiss, A; Naár, Z; Virág, D, 2007) | 0.34 |
| " Sea urchins use neurotransmitters as embryonic growth regulatory signals, so that adverse effects on neural substrates for mammalian brain development can be studied in this simple organism." | ( The sea urchin embryo, an invertebrate model for mammalian developmental neurotoxicity, reveals multiple neurotransmitter mechanisms for effects of chlorpyrifos: therapeutic interventions and a comparison with the monoamine depleter, reserpine. Bezuglov, VV; Buznikov, GA; Lauder, JM; Milosević, I; Nikitina, LA; Rakić, LM; Slotkin, TA, 2007) | 0.54 |
| "We evaluated mechanisms contributing to the adverse effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on DNA synthesis, cell number and size, and cell signaling mediated by adenylyl cyclase (AC) in PC12 cells, a neuronotypic cell line that recapitulates the essential features of developing mammalian neurons." | ( Ameliorating the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: a mechanisms-based approach in PC12 cells. MacKillop, EA; Ryde, IT; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, 2007) | 0.83 |
| " Nicotine, which stimulates nicotinic acetylcholine receptors but also possesses a mixture of prooxidant/antioxidant activity, had adverse effects by itself but also protected undifferentiated cells from the actions of CPF and had mixed additive/protective effects on cell number in differentiating cells." | ( Ameliorating the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: a mechanisms-based approach in PC12 cells. MacKillop, EA; Ryde, IT; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, 2007) | 0.6 |
| "Our results show definitive contributions of cholinergic hyperstimulation, oxidative stress, and interference with AC signaling in the developmental neurotoxicity of CPF and point to the potential use of this information to design treatments to ameliorate these adverse effects." | ( Ameliorating the developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: a mechanisms-based approach in PC12 cells. MacKillop, EA; Ryde, IT; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, 2007) | 0.6 |
| " Some pesticide formulations, however, are more toxic than their active ingredient (technical-grade pesticide) alone because of the presence of surfactants, adjuvants, or other ingredients in the formulation." | ( Acute and chronic toxicity of pesticide formulations (atrazine, chlorpyrifos, and permethrin) to glochidia and juveniles of Lampsilis siliquoidea. Barnhart, MC; Bringolf, RB; Cope, WG; Lazaro, PR; Mosher, S; Shea, D, 2007) | 0.58 |
| "91 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos caused significant toxic effects in all test methods, but at lower test concentrations, only significant chronic toxic effects could be observed." | ( Toxicity assessment for chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil with three different earthworm test methods. Chen, YH; Duan, CQ; Fu, H; Wang, XH; Yu, ZF; Zhou, SP, 2007) | 1.05 |
| "In aquatic environments, many factors determine the overall impact of a toxic event, constituting "exposure scenarios" that must be understood so that risk assessment strategies can be successfully applied." | ( Influence of exposure scenario on pesticide toxicity in the midge Kiefferulus calligaster (Kieffer). Domingues, I; Guilhermino, L; Monaghan, KA; Nogueira, AJ; Soares, AM, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " During five surveys of two on-farm VTS ponds, 88% of inlet and outlet water samples were toxic to Ceriodaphnia dubia." | ( Use of toxicity identification evaluations to determine the pesticide mitigation effectiveness of on-farm vegetated treatment systems. Anderson, B; Beretti, M; Bern, A; Hunt, J; Largay, B; Phillips, B; Tjeerdema, R, 2008) | 0.35 |
| " The widespread use of organophosphates has stimulated research into the possible existence of effects related with their reproductive toxic activity." | ( Testicular toxicity of chlorpyrifos (an organophosphate pesticide) in albino rat. Gulati, N; Joshi, SC; Mathur, R, 2007) | 0.65 |
| " According to the categories established in the EU legislation, atrazine can be considered non-harmful for the species tested, while the insecticides can be considered very toxic for the crustaceans." | ( Acute toxicity of atrazine, endosulfan sulphate and chlorpyrifos to Vibrio fischeri, Thamnocephalus platyurus and Daphnia magna, relative to their concentrations in surface waters from the Alentejo region of Portugal. Barbosa, IR; Fernandes, RM; Palma, P; Palma, VL; Soares, AM, 2008) | 0.6 |
| "Acute toxic effects of three commonly used insecticidal preparations of the organophosphates chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and dichlorvos were examined in mixed breed broiler chicks, and cholinesterase activity in plasma and brain were measured." | ( Acute toxicity and cholinesterase inhibition in chicks dosed orally with organophosphate insecticides. Al-Badrany, YM; Al-Jobory, MM; Mohammad, FK, 2008) | 0.57 |
| " rosenbergii, particularly at the post-larvae stage (9-10 mm) on lethal (LC(50)) and sublethal (EC(50)) effects of toxic substances using post-exposure feeding rate as end point." | ( Laboratory toxicity test and post-exposure feeding inhibition using the giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Baird, DJ; Little, DC; Satapornvanit, K, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " When the exposure was prolonged to the point where 70% of the CPF was degraded, the adverse effects on PC12 cells were no longer evident; however, these conditions were sufficiently severe to generate toxic products from the methanol vehicle." | ( Ultraviolet photolysis of chlorpyrifos: developmental neurotoxicity modeled in PC12 cells. Linden, KG; MacKillop, EA; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA; Wu, C, 2009) | 0.65 |
| "Our results indicate that field conditions or remediation treatments that degrade a significant proportion of the CPF do not necessarily produce inactive products and, indeed, may elicit formation of even more toxic chemicals that are more water soluble and thus have greater field mobility than CPF itself." | ( Ultraviolet photolysis of chlorpyrifos: developmental neurotoxicity modeled in PC12 cells. Linden, KG; MacKillop, EA; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA; Wu, C, 2009) | 0.65 |
| " Results showed that chlor- pyrifos was cytotoxic at concentrations >/= 250 muM, whereas diazinon was not toxic at concentrations up to 1 mM." | ( The cytotoxic effects of the organophosphates chlorpyrifos and diazinon differ from their immunomodulating effects. Duschl, A; Lehmann, I; Oostingh, GJ; Schmittner, M; Wichmann, G, 2009) | 0.61 |
| " In our study, microcalorimetry was introduced for the first time to explore the acute toxic effect of CPF on a Pseudomonas strain in sterilized soil." | ( Investigation of the acute toxic effect of chlorpyrifos on Pseudomonas putida in a sterilized soil environment monitored by microcalorimetry. Chen, H; Chen, K; Wang, F; Yao, J; Zaray, G; Zhou, Y; Zhuang, R, 2010) | 0.62 |
| " The current study demonstrated adverse effects of male chloropyrifos exposure on pregnancy outcome with effects on sperm parameters at 15 and 25mg/kg-d." | ( Chlorpyrifos induced reproductive toxicity in male mice. El Okazy, A; El-Agamy, el-S; El-Sebae, Ael-K; Farag, AT; Radwan, AH; Sorour, F, 2010) | 1.8 |
| "Pesticides often cause environmental pollution and adverse effects on human health." | ( Genotoxic effects of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, endosulfan and 2,4-D on human peripheral lymphocytes cultured from smokers and nonsmokers. Sandal, S; Yilmaz, B, 2011) | 0.69 |
| " This study planned to compare the changes in serum acetylcholinesterase, paraoxonase and neuronal density of hippocampus and iso-cortex between two age groups of Swiss albino mice (18-day-old and 150-day-old) after dermal application of (1/2) LD50 of chlorpyrifos for 14 days." | ( Evaluation of difference in the neurotoxicity produced by dermal application of chlorpyrifos on the neonatal and adult mice. Lee, MS; Mitra, NK; Nadarajah, VD, 2010) | 0.77 |
| " In contrast, chlorpyrifos exhibited significant chronic toxic effects on larval development, manifested as the appearance of abnormalities, including tail flexure, skeletal and muscle defects in later stages of development in tadpoles exposed to all tested concentrations." | ( Toxicity of chlorpyrifos to larval Rana dalmatina: acute and chronic effects on survival, development, growth and gill apparatus. Bernabò, I; Brunelli, E; Sperone, E; Tripepi, S, 2011) | 1.11 |
| "Long term inhalation of toxic pesticides used for the domestic and industrial purposes have been shown to cause moderate to severe hematotoxicity and increased incidence of several marrow degenerative diseases, specifically hypoplastic bone marrow failure condition in humans." | ( Pesticide induced marrow toxicity and effects on marrow cell population and on hematopoietic stroma. Basak, P; Chaklader, M; Chatterjee, S; Chaudhuri, S; Das, P; Law, S; Pereira, JA, 2013) | 0.39 |
| "The application of many current-use pesticides has increased after the disuse of persistent, bioaccumulative or toxic ones as DDT or chlordane." | ( Toxic effects of pentachlorophenol, azinphos-methyl and chlorpyrifos on the development of Paracentrotus lividus embryos. Buono, S; Manzo, S; Maria, G; Sansone, G, 2012) | 0.63 |
| " (PhSe)(2) was effective in attenuating these toxic effects caused by CPF exposure in rats." | ( Diphenyl diselenide attenuates hepatic and hematologic toxicity induced by chlorpyrifos acute exposure in rats. Acker, CI; Dos Santos, MP; Mazzanti, CM; Nogueira, CW; Souza, AC, 2012) | 0.61 |
| " The current study shows that D3 mESCs differentiate efficiently into neural cells involving a neurosphere-like state and that this system is suitable to detect adverse effects of neurodevelopmental toxicants." | ( Neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells as a tool to assess developmental neurotoxicity in vitro. Gulich, K; Hayess, K; Luch, A; Oelgeschläger, M; Pohl, EE; Riebeling, C; Seiler, AE; Sittner, D; Slawik, B; Visan, A, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " It has been shown in the literature that equilibrium SPME fiber concentrations reflect the bioavailable concentrations of hydrophobic contaminants, so these fiber concentrations should be a useful metric for assessing toxic effects from the bioavailable contaminant providing a framework to expand the use of SPME fibers beyond estimation of bioaccumulation." | ( Use of solid phase microextraction to estimate toxicity: relating fiber concentrations to toxicity--part I. Ding, Y; Harwood, AD; Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ; You, J, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " The present study extends the use of fiber concentrations to organism body residues to specifically address biotransformation and provide the link to toxic response." | ( Use of solid phase microextraction to estimate toxicity: relating fiber concentrations to body residues--part II. Ding, Y; Harwood, AD; Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ; You, J, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " We evaluate how the quality of the home environment (specifically, parental nurturance and environmental stimulation) and child sex interact with the adverse effects of prenatal CPF exposure on working memory at child age 7years." | ( Does the home environment and the sex of the child modify the adverse effects of prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos on child working memory? Barr, DB; Horton, MK; Kahn, LG; Perera, F; Rauh, V, ) | 0.35 |
| "The present paper first time reports the role of 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) in mitigating the adverse effects of Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a broad spectrum organophosphate insecticide by regulating the antioxidant defence system in an elite indica rice variety Pusa Basmati-1." | ( Mitigation of adverse effects of chlorpyrifos by 24-epibrassinolide and analysis of stress markers in a rice variety Pusa Basmati-1. Bhardwaj, R; Pati, PK; Sharma, I, 2012) | 0.87 |
| " However, they were five orders of magnitude less toxic than either chlorpyrifos or dichlorvos." | ( Toxicity of Zanthoxylum piperitum and Zanthoxylum armatum oil constituents and related compounds to Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae). Ahn, YJ; Hieu, TT; Kim, SI, 2012) | 0.61 |
| " We evaluated indices for acetylcholine (ACh) synaptic function throughout adolescence, young adulthood and later adulthood, in brain regions possessing the majority of ACh projections and cell bodies; we measured nicotinic ACh receptor binding, hemicholinium-3 binding to the presynaptic choline transporter and choline acetyltransferase activity, all known targets for the adverse developmental effects of dexamethasone and chlorpyrifos given individually." | ( Prenatal dexamethasone augments the sex-selective developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: implications for vulnerability after pharmacotherapy for preterm labor. Card, J; Infante, A; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, ) | 0.52 |
| " Although the acute toxic effects of chlorpyrifos and carbaryl have been well described, little is known about the chronic toxicity of the pesticides mixture." | ( Subchronic neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, and their combination in rats. Chen, JX; Hou, WY; Liang, YJ; Long, DX; Sun, YJ; Wang, HP; Wu, YJ; Xu, MY, 2014) | 0.97 |
| "Mixture toxicity is an important issue for the risk assessment of environmental pollutants, for which an extensive amount of data are necessary in evaluating their potential adverse health effects." | ( Characterization of the interaction between cadmium and chlorpyrifos with integrative techniques in incurring synergistic hepatoxicity. Chen, L; Du, Y; Liu, J; Liu, S; Qu, G; Sang, N; Sun, X; Wang, L; Zhang, S, 2013) | 0.64 |
| " In the present study, toxic effects of chlorpyrifos on lysozyme activities, contents of IgM and complement C3, and the expressions of IgM and complement C3 at mRNA level in common carp were evaluated by acute exposure of 15 (1/10 LC50) or 75μgL(-1) (1/2 LC50) of chlorpyrifos for 7d." | ( Toxic effects of chlorpyrifos on lysozyme activities, the contents of complement C3 and IgM, and IgM and complement C3 expressions in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Fang, Q; Li, X; Li, Y; Liu, L; Zhang, Y, 2013) | 1 |
| " At typical field application rates, the chemical regime associated with potato production does not appear to have any detrimental impacts on turtle egg development, except for the use of the soil fumigant metam sodium, which is highly toxic to turtle eggs at the lowest recommended application rate." | ( Toxicity of pesticides associated with potato production, including soil fumigants, to snapping turtle eggs (Chelydra serpentina). de Solla, SR; Martin, PA; Palonen, KE, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " The method can easily be scaled up to serve as a high-throughput screening tool to detect sublethal toxic effects of a variety of chemicals." | ( Optical bioassay for measuring sublethal toxicity of insecticides in Daphnia pulex. Kashian, DR; McElmurry, SP; Pitts, DK; Savolainen, PT; Zein, MA, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " Major complications arise when these potent nerve agents access neuronal mechanisms causing adverse effect on acetylcholinesterase and brain lipids with generation of reactive oxygen species." | ( In vivo antioxidative and neuroprotective effect of 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol against chlorpyrifos-induced neurotoxicity in rat brain. Panwar, R; Singh, V, 2014) | 0.63 |
| " The role of essential trace elements as the promising and efficient preventive prophylactic agents without any toxicity and side effects in attenuating the adverse effects caused by pesticides, have been reported by various scientists, the world over." | ( Current view of zinc as a hepatoprotective agent in conditions of chlorpyrifos induced toxicity. Dhawan, DK; Malhotra, A, 2014) | 0.64 |
| " Furthermore, the presence of NSO with CPF alleviates its toxic effects." | ( Protective role of Nigella sativa oil against reproductive toxicity, hormonal alterations, and oxidative damage induced by chlorpyrifos in male rats. Mantovani, A; Maranghi, F; Mosbah, R; Yousef, MI, 2016) | 0.64 |
| " We evaluated indices for acetylcholine (ACh) synaptic function throughout adolescence, young adulthood and later adulthood, in brain regions possessing the majority of ACh projections and cell bodies; we measured nicotinic ACh receptor binding, hemicholinium-3 binding to the presynaptic choline transporter and choline acetyltransferase activity, all known targets for the adverse developmental effects of nicotine and chlorpyrifos given individually." | ( Prenatal nicotine alters the developmental neurotoxicity of postnatal chlorpyrifos directed toward cholinergic systems: better, worse, or just "different?". Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, 2015) | 0.82 |
| " Risk assessments based on individual components tend to underestimate the effects associated with toxic action of mixtures." | ( Joint toxicity of chlorpyrifos, atrazine, and cadmium at lethal concentrations to the earthworm Eisenia fetida. Cai, L; Chen, C; Kong, X; Qian, Y; Wang, Q; Wang, Y; Yang, G, 2015) | 0.75 |
| "Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is one of the most toxic pesticides in aquatic ecosystem, but its toxicity mechanisms to fish are still not fully understood." | ( The toxicity of chlorpyrifos on the early life stage of zebrafish: a survey on the endpoints at development, locomotor behavior, oxidative stress and immunotoxicity. Fu, Z; Jin, Y; Liu, Z; Peng, T, 2015) | 2.21 |
| " The aim of this study was to establish the toxic effects of CPF in Rhinella arenarum toad larvae as a potentially exposed species." | ( Toxicity of the insecticide chlorpyrifos to the South American toad Rhinella arenarum at larval developmental stage. Ferrari, A; Lascano, CI; Liendro, N; Mardirosian, M; Venturino, A, 2015) | 0.71 |
| " The toxicological interaction of five organophosphorus pesticides was evaluated using the concentration addition model, the combination index-isobologram equation and the toxic unit approach." | ( Binary combinations of organophosphorus pesticides exhibit differential toxicity under oxidised and un-oxidised conditions. Arora, S; Kumar, A, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "The use of surfactants in the development of a suitable formulation for insecticides should improve the solubility behavior, the permeability and the efficiency against pests meanwhile decrease the toxic risks of insecticides on human health." | ( Synergistic effect of non-ionic surfactants Tween 80 and PEG6000 on cytotoxicity of insecticides. Huang, Q; Li, D; Tao, L; Wu, X; Yu, X, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " A number of studies have suggested that CPF may incur adverse effects on human health, including neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and endocrine disruption." | ( Synergistic hepatotoxicity by cadmium and chlorpyrifos: disordered hepatic lipid homeostasis. Guo, W; He, W; Liu, S; Qian, Y; Ren, D; Zhang, S, 2015) | 0.68 |
| " Pyrethroids were more toxic than the organophosphate chlorpyrifos in both species." | ( A comparison of the sublethal and lethal toxicity of four pesticides in Hyalella azteca and Chironomus dilutus. Connon, RE; Geist, J; Hasenbein, S; Lawler, SP, 2015) | 0.67 |
| " Our results indicate that ATR and CPF are highly toxic to common carp, and hypoactivity in common carp by acute and subchronic toxicity of ATR and CPF may provide a useful tool for assessing the toxicity of triazine herbicide and organophosphorous pesticides to aquatic organisms." | ( Acute and subchronic toxic effects of atrazine and chlorpyrifos on common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): Immunotoxicity assessments. Liu, T; Wang, X; Xing, H; Xu, S; Zhang, Z, 2015) | 0.67 |
| " The most severe effects were observed in the maturing and fully mature stages at the highest chlorpyrifos concentration, and this had an adverse impact on cocoon production and cocoon viability." | ( Chronic toxicity of commercial chlorpyrifos to earthworm Pheretima peguana. Euawong, N; Gooneratne, R; Muangphra, P; Namchote, S; Tharapoom, K, 2016) | 0.94 |
| " Endosulfan was more toxic to silver perch at 30 °C and 35 °C than at 15 °C, 20 °C and 25 °C during short exposures of 24 h, but at 96 h, temperature had no effect on toxicity." | ( Interactions between water temperature and contaminant toxicity to freshwater fish. Chapman, JC; Gehrke, PC; Lim, RP; Patra, RW; Sunderam, RM, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " In this study, the efficacy of three antioxidants (melatonin, coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), and vinpocetine) on alleviation of toxic effects of CP was evaluated." | ( A mechanistic approach for modulation of chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity in human lymphocytes by melatonin, coenzyme Q10, and vinpocetine. Abdollahi, M; Baeeri, M; Ghayomi, F; Navaei-Nigjeh, M; Rezvanfar, MA, 2016) | 0.7 |
| "Acute toxic effects of three typical organic pollutants 1 ,2,4-trichlorobenzene (1,2,4-TCB), nitrobenzene and chlorpyrifos were investigated using Tetrahymena thermophila and Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri as living test organisms under laboratory conditions." | ( [Acute Toxicity and Safety Assessment of Three Typical Organic Pollutants to Two Aquatic Organisms]. Cui, YB; Li, M; Li, YJ; Yang, Y, 2015) | 0.63 |
| " However, studies about the toxic effects of TCP are limited and outdate." | ( Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity induced by the chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl metabolite, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, in orally exposed mice. Deng, Y; Lu, Y; Ren, H; Zhang, Y; Zhao, Y, 2016) | 0.69 |
| " The observed synergistic interactions underline the necessity to review soil quality guidelines, which are likely underestimating the adverse combined effects of these compounds." | ( Joint acute toxicity of the herbicide butachlor and three insecticides to the terrestrial earthworm, Eisenia fetida. Cai, L; Cang, T; Chen, C; Liu, X; Wang, Q; Wang, Y; Wu, S; Yu, R, 2016) | 0.43 |
| "In the present study, we evaluated the individual and combined toxic effects of herbicide atrazine and three insecticides (chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin and imidacloprid) on the earthworm, Eisenia fetida." | ( Individual and combined toxic effects of herbicide atrazine and three insecticides on the earthworm, Eisenia fetida. An, X; Cai, L; Chen, L; Jiang, J; Shen, W; Wang, Q; Wang, Y, 2016) | 0.64 |
| " By the single administration of PYRINEX 48 EC the average body weight of embryos resulted in a significant decrease and the rate of embryo mortality and developmental anomalies were increased and it was found to be embryo toxic and teratogenic in the embryos." | ( TOXICITY OF CHLORPYRIPHOS CONTAINING FORMULATION AND HEAVY ELEMENTS (Cd, Pb) TO CHICKEN EMBRYOS. Budai, P; Grúz, A; Kormos, E; Lehel, J; Somlyay, IM; Szabó, R; Várnagy, L, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " Comprehensive investigation into the molecular initiation events and changes in the internal concentrations of chemical species provide insight into response causality within the framework of an adverse outcome pathway." | ( Internal Concentration and Time Are Important Modifiers of Toxicity: The Case of Chlorpyrifos on Caenorhabditis elegans. Kwon, JH; Lee, HJ; Roh, JY, 2016) | 0.66 |
| " rhamnosus may be useful for reducing toxic organophosphate pesticide exposure via passive binding." | ( Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus Reduces Organophosphate Pesticide Absorption and Toxicity to Drosophila melanogaster. Ali, SN; Daisley, BA; Leong, HS; McDowell, TW; Reid, G; Sumarah, MW; Trinder, M, 2016) | 0.43 |
| " Direct toxic effects of chlorpyrifos were noted on copepod nauplii and cladocerans and the recovery of the latter was likely related with the decrease observed in rotifer abundances." | ( Toxicity of environmentally realistic concentrations of chlorpyrifos and terbuthylazine in indoor microcosms. Cerejeira, MJ; Daam, MA; Pereira, AS, 2017) | 1 |
| " Unfortunately, they are also well known for the toxic effects that they can trigger in humans." | ( Developmental neurotoxicity of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos: from clinical findings to preclinical models and potential mechanisms. Albuquerque, EX; Burke, RD; Fawcett, WP; Gullapalli, RP; Lumsden, E; Mamczarz, J; Mullins, RJ; Pereira, EFR; Randall, WR; Todd, SW, 2017) | 0.69 |
| " Therefore, the application of fungal bio-composites for chlorpyrifos elimination cannot induce toxic risk to the environment and non-target organisms, which insured the safety of these engineered bio-products for realistic management of pesticide residue, and provided new insights for further development of bioremediation techniques based on functional microorganisms." | ( Toxicity assessment of chlorpyrifos-degrading fungal bio-composites and their environmental risks. Hu, M; Liu, J; Yang, M; Zhang, X; Zhong, G, 2018) | 1.04 |
| " Twenty-four male Wistar rats were used in the present study and divided into three groups: group I: healthy rats (negative control), group II: rats treated with CPF 1/40 LD50 (3." | ( Cytotoxic effect of chlorpyrifos is associated with activation of Nrf-2/HO-1 system and inflammatory response in tongue of male Wistar rats. Ahmed, AAM; El-Sayed, NM; Selim, MAA, 2018) | 0.8 |
| "Chlorpyrifos is an highly toxic pesticide, which can induce immunotoxicity with deleterious effects on health worldwide." | ( [In vitro Modulating Activity of aqueous extracts from American Plants on Chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity on Murine Splenocytes]. Bongiovanni, GA; Scotta, AV; Soria, EA, 2017) | 2.13 |
| "Exposure to organophosphorus toxicants (OP) can have chronic adverse effects that are not explained by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, the cause of acute OP toxicity." | ( Chlorpyrifos oxon promotes tubulin aggregation via isopeptide cross-linking between diethoxyphospho-Lys and Glu or Asp: Implications for neurotoxicity. Lockridge, O; Schopfer, LM, 2018) | 1.92 |
| " In contrast, the evidence from independent studies points to adverse effects of current exposures on cognitive development in children." | ( Safety of Safety Evaluation of Pesticides: developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl. Grandjean, P; Mie, A; Rudén, C, 2018) | 0.71 |
| " Therefore, in this study, zebrafish embryos (2-120 h post-fertilization [hpf]) were exposed to TCIPP or TCEP (0, 100, 500 or 2500 μg/L) or a model neurotoxicant, chlorpyrifos (CPF, 100 μg/L) to investigate the adverse effects and possible mechanisms of TCIPP and TCEP on neurodevelopment." | ( The adverse effect of TCIPP and TCEP on neurodevelopment of zebrafish embryos/larvae. Feng, C; Li, R; Mi, C; Wang, H; Yang, L; Zhang, L; Zhou, B, 2019) | 0.71 |
| " While many pesticides are more toxic at higher temperatures this is not always detected." | ( Whether warming magnifies the toxicity of a pesticide is strongly dependent on the concentration and the null model. Delnat, V; Janssens, L; Stoks, R, 2019) | 0.51 |
| "The study concludes that crocin can alleviate the toxic effect of chlorpyrifos caused by oxidative stress on cardiac muscle." | ( The possible alleviating effect of saffron on chlorpyrifos experimentally induced cardiotoxicity: Histological, immunohistochemical and biochemical study. El-Mansy, AAE; Khalaf, HA, 2019) | 1.01 |
| " As a result, CPF was found to exert a significant toxic effect on BV2 cells that was characterized by rounded cell body, atrophic synapse, poor adhesion, cell aggregation, inflammation, oxidative reaction, and autophagy." | ( Protective mechanism of Taxifolin for chlorpyrifos neurotoxicity in BV2 cells. Dai, H; Deng, Y; Zhan, J; Zhang, C; Zhao, L; Zhao, M; Zhou, W, 2019) | 0.78 |
| " Recently, transcriptome analysis has become a major method to study the toxic mechanism of pollutants in environmental toxicology." | ( Identification of signal pathways for immunotoxicity in the spleen of common carp exposed to chlorpyrifos. Chen, J; Li, S; Liu, F; Peng, M; Teng, X; Wang, Z; Xing, H, 2019) | 0.73 |
| " The crude intracellular enzyme extract degraded > 90% of added CPF and > 80% of its toxic intermediate 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCP) which resulted in > 80% reduction of CPF toxicity in different organs of rat." | ( Toxicity assessment of chlorpyrifos on different organs of rat: exploitation of microbial-based enzymatic system for neutralization. Chadha, P; Saini, HS; Sharma, S; Singh, P, 2019) | 0.82 |
| " Evaluating the toxic effects of individual pesticide may not be enough for protecting ecological environment due to interactions among substances." | ( Lethal toxicity and gene expression changes in embryonic zebrafish upon exposure to individual and mixture of malathion, chlorpyrifos and lambda-cyhalothrin. Li, X; Lou, B; Shen, W; Wang, Q; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Xu, C; Yang, G; Yu, R, 2020) | 0.77 |
| " Since liver is a possible toxic target of both patulin and chlorpyrifos, we tested whether the combination exposure can cause enhanced hepatotoxicity using both cell culture and animal models." | ( Combination of Patulin and Chlorpyrifos Synergistically Induces Hepatotoxicity via Inhibition of Catalase Activity and Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species. Cui, J; Fan, L; Hu, H; Liu, S; Liu, X; Lu, S; Yin, S; Zhao, C, 2019) | 1.05 |
| " Chlorpyrifos was 7% less toxic under warming in L1 larvae, yet more toxic under warming in L4 larvae (22%) and in adult males (33%), while toxicity did not change under warming in adult females." | ( The effect of warming on pesticide toxicity is reversed between developmental stages in the mosquito Culex pipiens. Dinh Van, K; Janssens, L; Stoks, R; Tran, TT, 2020) | 1.47 |
| "Contamination of the environment by toxic pesticides has become of great concern in agricultural countries." | ( Photolysis-Induced Neurotoxicity Enhancement of Chlorpyrifos in Aquatic System: A Case Investigation on Cao, X; Xiu, G; Yan, C; Yang, X; Zhou, L; Zou, W, 2020) | 0.81 |
| " It has been noticed that chlorpyrifos is the most toxic pesticide, followed by Fenvalerate/Nimbecidine (Azadirachtin, AZT)." | ( Oxidative Stress-induced Toxicity and DNA Stability in Some Agri-field Based Livestock/Insect by Widely used Pesticides. Dalapati, S; Dutta, SM; Maiti, S; Manna, B, 2020) | 0.86 |
| " Pesticides may have toxic effects on higher vertebrates and may sustain in the soil after being metabolized into their different derivatives." | ( Oxidative Stress-induced Toxicity and DNA Stability in Some Agri-field Based Livestock/Insect by Widely used Pesticides. Dalapati, S; Dutta, SM; Maiti, S; Manna, B, 2020) | 0.56 |
| " These outcomes provide valuable insights regarding the toxic impact of chronic exposure to CPF in fish at the molecular level and a better understanding of the Ch dietary vital roles." | ( Antioxidative and immunoprotective potential of Chlorella vulgaris dietary supplementation against chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity in Nile tilapia. El-Matbouli, M; Elbahnaswy, S; Risha, E; Zahran, E, 2020) | 0.77 |
| "The role of mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) in reducing the adverse effects of chlorpyrifos (CPF) toxicity in tilapia was evaluated in the present study." | ( The effect of mannanoligosaccharide on the growth performance, histopathology, and the expression of immune and antioxidative related genes in Nile tilapia reared under chlorpyrifos ambient toxicity. Abdel-Razik, NI; Abdelkhalek, N; Abdo, SE; Dawood, MAO; El-Shamaa, IS; Elkomy, AH; Gewaily, MS; Paray, BA; Soliman, AA, 2020) | 0.98 |
| " magna was the more sensitive organism to the compounds tested, being CP more toxic than its metabolite." | ( Acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol alone and in combination using a battery of bioassays. Castillo-López, MÁ; Echeverri-Jaramillo, G; Jaramillo-Colorado, B; Sabater-Marco, C, 2020) | 0.89 |
| " Recent lines of evidence have also reported non-cholinergic endpoints of CPF- and CPF-O-induced neurotoxicities, but comparisons on the non-cholinergic toxic properties of CPF and CPF-O are lacking." | ( Glutathione in Chlorpyrifos-and Chlorpyrifos-Oxon-Induced Toxicity: a Comparative Study Focused on Non-cholinergic Toxicity in HT22 Cells. Aschner, M; Colle, D; da Rocha, JBT; Dafré, AL; Farina, M; Leal, RB; Lopes, MW; Naime, AA; Suñol, C, 2020) | 0.91 |
| "Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a organophosphate insecticide widely used in agriculture with attendant adverse health outcomes." | ( Protective effects of molecular hydrogen on hepatotoxicity induced by sub-chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos in rats. Kong, XM; Li, XY; Li, ZY; Liu, MY; Ma, XM; Song, JM; Xie, F; Xun, ZM; Zhao, PX, 2020) | 2.22 |
| " We focus on the widespread pattern that many contaminants are more toxic at higher temperatures." | ( Reduced stress defence responses contribute to the higher toxicity of a pesticide under warming. Asselman, J; Delnat, V; Stoks, R; Swaegers, J, 2020) | 0.56 |
| " Overall, the main toxic effects evaluated were mortality, abnormalities in the blood cells, developmental abnormalities, and behavior alterations." | ( The Toxic Effects of Glyphosate, Chlorpyrifos, Abamectin, and 2,4-D on Animal Models: A Systematic Review of Brazilian Studies. Andrade-Barros, AI; Disner, GR; Falcão, MAP; Gomes, KS; Leite Dos Santos, NV; Lima, C; Lopes-Ferreira, M; Marcolino-Souza, M; Soares, ABS, 2021) | 0.9 |
| " The mechanism of action of CPF involves blocking the active sites of the enzyme, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), thereby producing adverse nervous system effects." | ( A comprehensive review on chlorpyrifos toxicity with special reference to endocrine disruption: Evidence of mechanisms, exposures and mitigation strategies. Ahmed, A; Asghar, W; Khalid, N; Nazir, W; Sandhu, MA; Ubaid Ur Rahman, H, 2021) | 0.92 |
| " The objective of the present study was to characterize the sublethal effects of four environmental toxic compounds at two experimental pollution scenarios on the morphology, development and thyroid (T4), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels in Rhinella arenarum tadpoles." | ( Toxicity assessment at different experimental scenarios with glyphosate, chlorpyrifos and antibiotics in Rhinella arenarum (Anura: Bufonidae) tadpoles. Attademo, AM; Cuzziol Boccioni, AP; Lajmanovich, RC; Martinuzzi, CS; Peltzer, PM, 2021) | 0.85 |
| " Results indicate that TCP is more toxic than CP for the two cell lines assayed, being N2a cells more sensitive to both compounds." | ( Cytotoxic and estrogenic activity of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol. Study of marine yeasts as potential toxicity indicators. Castillo-López, MÁ; Echeverri-Jaramillo, G; Jaramillo-Colorado, B; Sabater-Marco, C, 2021) | 0.89 |
| " tenuior extract can prevent the adverse effects of CPF in liver and lung tissues." | ( The protective effects of Ziziphora tenuior L. against chlorpyrifos induced toxicity: Involvement of inflammatory and cell death signaling pathway. Beigmohamadi, M; Hosseini, MJ; Kianpour, F; Mohseni, M; Ramazani, A; Sharafi, A; Yazdinezhad, A, 2021) | 0.87 |
| " The potential for adverse impacts on aquatic receptors depends on patterns of exposure and toxicity of individual compounds and the mixture." | ( Neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon to Daphnia magna. Janney, PK; Jenkins, JJ; Maggio, SA, 2021) | 0.96 |
| "The current study aimed to evaluate the harmful effect of chlorpyrifos (CPF) on the reproductive functions and fertility in male rats and to assess the protective role of zinc (Zn) in improving the adverse effects of CPF on male fertility." | ( The Reproductive Injury and Oxidative Testicular Toxicity Induced by Chlorpyrifos Can Be Restored by Zinc in Male Rats. Abdallah, AA; Ibrahim, MA; Khalaf, AA; Ogaly, HA; Tohamy, AF; Zaki, AR, 2022) | 1.2 |
| "The toxic effects of the insecticides chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin, and the herbicide glyphosate on the growth, biovolume and ultrastructure of the green microalgae Selenastrum capricornutum were evaluated." | ( Toxic effects of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and glyphosate on the non-target organism Selenastrum capricornutum (Chlorophyta). Asselborn, V; Fernández, C; Parodi, ER, 2021) | 1.23 |
| " Perturbations of these endpoints are described as common key events in adverse outcome pathways (AOPs) specific for DNT." | ( Combining in vitro assays and mathematical modelling to study developmental neurotoxicity induced by chemical mixtures. Bal-Price, A; Bopp, SK; Carpi, D; Mendoza-de Gyves, E; Paini, A; Pistollato, F; Worth, A, 2021) | 0.62 |
| " Furthermore, we found that the cytotoxicity of body fluids from the exposed animals was mainly due to the presence of 3, 4, 5-trichloropyrindinol, the major toxic metabolite of chlorpyrifos." | ( Body fluids from the rat exposed to chlorpyrifos induce cytotoxicity against the corresponding tissue-derived cells in vitro. Liang, YJ; Long, DX; Sun, YJ; Wang, HP; Wu, YJ; Xu, MY, 2021) | 1.09 |
| " The variables of the RSS model suitable for the variable focus function camera were defined, the variable values were determined, and the safe distances for each velocity were derived by applying the determined variable values." | ( On the Development of Autonomous Vehicle Safety Distance by an RSS Model Based on a Variable Focus Function Camera. Kim, JU; Kim, MJ; Kim, TH; Kim, YM; Yu, SH, 2021) | 0.62 |
| " To optimize a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method, the recoveries at each step were evaluated." | ( A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method for determination of by-products originating from ozonation of chlorpyrifos and diazinon spiked in cherry tomato and perilla leaf. Kim, YJ; Na, YC; Park, J, 2022) | 0.93 |
| " Previous studies have reported the adverse effects of CPF, such as intoxication incidents, endocrine disruption, cardiovascular diseases, as well as histopathological and oxidative damage." | ( Subacute toxicity of chlorpyrifos on histopathological damages, antioxidant activity, and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the rat model. Alipanah, H; Kabi Doraghi, H; Nejati, R; Nematollahi, A; Sayadi, M; Soltani Hekmat, A, 2022) | 1.04 |
| "Agrochemicals can adversely affect biodiversity, environment and human health, and commonly occur in mixtures with poorly characterized toxic mechanisms and health hazards." | ( Toxic effects and mechanisms of common pesticides (Roundup and chlorpyrifos) and their mixtures in a zebrafish model (Danio rerio). Falfushynska, H; Horyn, O; Kasianchuk, N; Khatib, I; Lushchak, O; Sokolova, IM, 2022) | 0.96 |
| "In view of the recurrent applications of pesticides in agricultural producing countries, the increased presence of these substances in the environment raise a demand for the evaluation of adverse effects on non-target organisms." | ( Reproductive toxicity by exposure to low concentrations of pesticides in Caenorhabditis elegans. Clavijo, A; Kronberg, MF; Manetti, M; Moya, A; Munarriz, E; Pagano, E; Tejedor, D, 2022) | 0.72 |
| "A combination of modified quick easy cheap effective rugged and safe extraction approach with carbon nano-onions-based dispersive solid-phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was developed for the extraction of several pesticides (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, tebuconazole, deltamethrin, permethrin, haloxyfop-methyl, penconazole, and cyhalothrin) from grape before their analysis by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection." | ( A modified quick-easy-cheap-effective-rugged-and-safe method involving carbon nano-onions-based dispersive solid-phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for pesticides from grapes. Afshar Mogaddam, MR; Farajzadeh, MA; Khosrowshahi, EM; Mokhtari, S; Nemati, M, 2022) | 0.9 |
| " CPF can cause many toxic effects on human production and life." | ( Ros-mediated mitochondrial oxidative stress is involved in the ameliorating effect of ginsenoside GSLS on chlorpyrifos-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Chen, W; Du, R; He, Z; Liu, J; Liu, S; Pei, H; Wu, H; Zeng, J, 2022) | 0.93 |
| " Atrazine and alachlor were observed to not be acutely toxic to bees at doses up to 10 and 4 μg per bee, respectively." | ( Acute toxicity of atrazine, alachlor, and chlorpyrifos mixtures to honey bees. Anderson, TD; Fellows, CJ; Swale, DR, 2022) | 0.99 |
| " Chlorpyrifos (CPF) is a broad-spectrum OP pesticide used in agriculture and can cause several toxic effects in which oxidative stresses and inflammation play a key role." | ( Betulinic acid protects against cardiotoxicity of the organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos by suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats. Alruhaimi, RS, 2023) | 2.05 |
| " In this sense, the rise of cyanobacterial blooms, which release secondary metabolites with toxic properties, and the global use of pesticides for agricultural purposes have a negative impact on ecosystems." | ( Toxic effects of the cylindrospermopsin and chlorpyrifos combination on the differentiated SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cell line. Cameán, AM; Gutiérrez-Praena, D; Hinojosa, MG; Jos, Á; López, S; Moreno, FJ; Prieto, AI, 2023) | 1.17 |
| " The toxic effects of pulse exposure were largely reversible by day 14." | ( Haematological and biochemical toxicity in freshwater fish Clarias gariepinus and Oreochromis niloticus following pulse exposure to atrazine, mancozeb, chlorpyrifos, lambda-cyhalothrin, and their combination. Kanu, KC; Okoboshi, AC; Otitoloju, AA, 2023) | 1.11 |
| "Organophosphate pesticides (OPs), which are among the most widely used synthetic chemicals for the control of a wide variety of pests, are however associated with various adverse reactions in animals and humans." | ( Involvement of oxidative stress-related apoptosis in chlorpyrifos-induced cytotoxicity and the ameliorating potential of the antioxidant vitamin E in human glioblastoma cells. Chen, HC; Hsu, SS; Liang, WZ; Lin, YS, 2023) | 1.16 |
| " However, more cases of synergism between CPF and ZnO NPs occurred at intermediate CPF concentrations, demonstrating that nano-sized particles have a more toxic interaction with CPF than bulk ZnO." | ( Combined cytotoxicity of ZnO nanoparticles and chlorpyrifos in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mikyss, gonadal cell line RTG-2. Fernández, MD; Franco, D; Sánchez-Argüello, P, 2023) | 1.17 |
| "The current massive and indiscriminate agrochemicals usage, which is inexorably linked to the toxic consequences to the environment and people, represents a great concern." | ( Impaired physiological responses and neurotoxicity induced by a chlorpyrifos-based formulation in Caenorhabditis elegans are not solely dependent on the active ingredient. Ávila, DS; Bornhorst, J; Farina, M; Jacques, MT; Schwerdtle, T; Soares, MV, 2023) | 1.15 |
| "Pesticides are prevalent pollutants found in river sediments in agricultural regions worldwide, leading to environmental pollution and toxic effects on biota." | ( Pesticides in sediments from Magdalena River, Colombia, are linked to reproductive toxicity on Caenorhabditis elegans. Aga, D; Noguera, K; Olivero-Verbel, J; Tejeda-Benítez, L, 2023) | 0.91 |
| " However, investigation of its toxic effects on offspring after parental exposure has been neglected, especially for aquatic organisms such as fish." | ( Environmental impacts of chlorpyrifos: Transgenerational toxic effects on aquatic organisms cannot be ignored. Ding, W; Li, X; Li, Y; Ma, J; Sultan, Y; Wang, P; Wang, W; Zhang, X; Zhu, P, 2023) | 1.21 |
The aim of this work was to study the pharmacokinetic behaviour and the inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinease activities of chlorpyrifos in male and female cattle after pour-on administration.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " 3,5,6-TCP was cleared from the blood and eliminated in the urine with a half-life of 27 hr following both the po and dermal doses." | ( Chlorpyrifos: pharmacokinetics in human volunteers. Freshour, NL; Nolan, RJ; Rick, DL; Saunders, JH, 1984) | 1.71 |
| " In this work, we use urinary biomarker data and the inverse solution of a simple pharmacokinetic (PK) model for chlorpyrifos to estimate the magnitude and timing of doses." | ( Use of a pharmacokinetic model to assess chlorpyrifos exposure and dose in children, based on urinary biomarker measurements. Okino, MS; Quackenboss, JJ; Rigas, ML, 2001) | 0.79 |
| " To facilitate model development, single oral-dose pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in rats (0." | ( A Physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos in rats and humans. Brzak, KA; Dittenber, DA; Mattsson, JL; Mendrala, AL; Nolan, RJ; Timchalk, C, 2002) | 0.53 |
| " Pharmacokinetic analysis best described radioactivity, chlorpyrifos, and TCP as disappearing biexponentially from plasma and tissues." | ( Pharmacokinetic profile and placental transfer of a single intravenous injection of [(14)C]chlorpyrifos in pregnant rats. Abdel-Monem, AE; Abdel-Rahman, AA; Abou-Donia, MB; Abou-Donia, SA; Ali, FA; Blumenthal, GM, 2002) | 0.78 |
| " This study utilized Monte Carlo analysis and physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) modeling to investigate the impact of human CPF-oxonase status on the theoretical concentration of CPF-oxon in the brain." | ( Monte Carlo analysis of the human chlorpyrifos-oxonase (PON1) polymorphism using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model. Kousba, A; Poet, TS; Timchalk, C, 2002) | 0.59 |
| " The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic impact of acute binary exposures of rats to CPF and DZN was evaluated in this study." | ( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction for a binary mixture of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in the rat. Busby, AL; Hinman, MN; Kousba, AA; Poet, TS; Timchalk, C, 2005) | 0.56 |
| "Linking biomarker data to pharmacokinetic (PK) models permits comparison of absorbed dose with a toxicological benchmark, which is an important step to understanding the health implications of pesticide exposure." | ( Estimating absorbed dose of pesticides in a field setting using biomonitoring data and pharmacokinetic models. Adgate, JL; Alexander, BH; Sawchuk, RJ; Scher, DP, 2008) | 0.35 |
| "The aim of this work was to study the pharmacokinetic behaviour and the inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities of chlorpyrifos in male and female cattle after pour-on administration." | ( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chlorpyrifos in male and female cattle after topical administration. Boggio, JC; David, DC; Picco, EJ; Rodríguez, C; Rubio, MR, 2008) | 0.81 |
| "This study examines the use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models for inferring exposure when the number of biomarker observations per individual is limited, as commonly occurs in population exposure surveys." | ( Reconstructing exposures from small samples using physiologically based pharmacokinetic models and multiple biomarkers. Licata, AC; Liu, B; Mosquin, PL; Okino, MS; Sumner, SC, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " To mechanistically investigate the potential pharmacokinetic effects of blood lipid changes, an existing CPF physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for rats and humans was modified to account for altered lipid-tissue partition coefficients and for major physiological and biochemical changes of pregnancy." | ( The effect of plasma lipids on the pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos and the impact on interpretation of blood biomonitoring data. Bartels, MJ; Lowe, ER; Marty, MS; Mattsson, JL; Poet, TS; Rick, DL; Timchalk, C, 2009) | 0.6 |
| " Simulations using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for CPF are consistent with these possibilities." | ( Comparative chlorpyrifos pharmacokinetics via multiple routes of exposure and vehicles of administration in the adult rat. Barr, DB; Busby-Hjerpe, AL; Campbell, JA; Lee, S; Poet, TS; Smith, JN; Timchalk, C, 2009) | 0.73 |
| "049) was integrated as a saliva/blood TCPy partitioning coefficient within an existing physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model for CPF." | ( Pharmacokinetics of the chlorpyrifos metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) in rat saliva. Lin, Y; Smith, JN; Timchalk, C; Wang, J, 2010) | 0.67 |
| "A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model would make it possible to simulate the dynamics of chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) from different routes of exposures and, in theory, could be used to evaluate associations between exposures and biomarker measurements in blood or urine." | ( The implications of using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for pesticide risk assessment. Andres, LM; Holbrook, CM; Lu, C, 2010) | 0.36 |
| " Repeated nicotine and CPF exposures resulted in enhanced metabolism of CPF to TCPy, as evidenced by increases in the measured TCPy peak concentration and AUC in blood." | ( Effect of in vivo nicotine exposure on chlorpyrifos pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in rats. Busby-Hjerpe, AL; Lee, S; Poet, TS; Smith, JN; Timchalk, C, 2010) | 0.63 |
| " Several pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies have been conducted in rats in which CPF was administered as a single bolus dose." | ( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chlorpyrifos in adult male Long-Evans rats following repeated subcutaneous exposure to chlorpyrifos. Ellison, CA; Lein, PJ; Olson, JR; Smith, JN, 2011) | 0.64 |
| " A physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model for CPF was modified and predicted the data reasonably well." | ( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chlorpyrifos and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in rat saliva after chlorpyrifos administration. Klohe, EM; Lin, Y; Smith, JN; Timchalk, C; Wang, J, 2012) | 0.64 |
| " A life-stage physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model was developed to predict disposition of chlorpyrifos and its metabolites, chlorpyrifos-oxon (the ultimate toxicant) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), as well as B-esterase inhibition by chlorpyrifos-oxon in humans." | ( A human life-stage physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model for chlorpyrifos: development and validation. Bartels, MJ; Hinderliter, PM; Poet, TS; Smith, JN; Timchalk, C, 2014) | 0.83 |
| " Adjusted animal biomonitoring equivalents from chimeric mice studies were scaled to human biomonitoring equivalents using known species allometric scaling factors and in vitro metabolic clearance data with a simple physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model." | ( Pharmacokinetics and effects on serum cholinesterase activities of organophosphorus pesticides acephate and chlorpyrifos in chimeric mice transplanted with human hepatocytes. Kuronuma, M; Shimizu, M; Sota, S; Suemizu, H; Yamazaki, H, 2014) | 0.62 |
| " To address this gap, Biomonitoring Guidance Values (BGVs) are developed using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model." | ( Derivation of human Biomonitoring Guidance Values for chlorpyrifos using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model of cholinesterase inhibition. Aggarwal, M; Arnold, SM; Bartels, M; Burns, CJ; Hays, S; Juberg, D; Morriss, A; Poet, T; Price, P; Velovitch, J, 2015) | 0.67 |
In this paper, an analysis method for chlorpyrifos (CPF) in cereal samples was proposed using dispersive liquid’liquid microextraction combined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometric methods was employed to quantitatively determine chlorp Pyrifos and carbendazim residues in the cabbage (Brassica chinensis L)
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " The goal of this in vitro study was to examine the effects of OP chlorpyrifos (CPF), and its metabolites chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPO) and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), singly, and in combination with endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or house dust mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p1) allergen, on expression of IFN-gamma and IL-4, Th1 and Th2 signature cytokines, respectively." | ( Expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines in human blood after in vitro treatment with chlorpyrifos, and its metabolites, in combination with endotoxin LPS and allergen Der p1. Duramad, P; Eskenazi, B; Holland, NT; Leikauf, J; Tager, IB, ) | 0.6 |
| " In vitro experiments were conducted utilizing a headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method." | ( In vitro study of the binding between chlorpyrfos and sex hormones using headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography: A new aspect of pesticides and breast cancer risk. Biparva, P; Farhadi, K; Maleki, R; Tahmasebi, R, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " The first two groups were administered with distilled water and soya oil (1 ml/kg) respectively." | ( Taurine ameliorated thyroid function in rats co-administered with chlorpyrifos and lead. Akande, MG; Shittu, M; Uchendu, C; Yaqub, LS, 2016) | 0.67 |
| " Then, to mimic pathogenic infection, fish exposure to chlorpyrifos was combined with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) stress." | ( Evaluation of chlorpyrifos effects, alone and combined with lipopolysaccharide stress, on DNA integrity and immune responses of the three-spined stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus. Bado-Nilles, A; Baudoin, P; Betoulle, S; Chadili, E; Marchand, A; Palluel, O; Porcher, JM; Turies, C, 2017) | 1.06 |
| " CPF combined with bacterial infection is a potential problem for children during their childhood development." | ( Evaluation of the effects of chlorpyrifos combined with lipopolysaccharide stress on neuroinflammation and spatial memory in neonatal rats. Bing, G; Dai, H; Deng, Y; Tian, J; Wang, P; Zhang, C; Zhao, L; Zhao, M, 2018) | 0.77 |
| "Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy based on rapid pretreatment combined with Chemometrics was used to determine chlorpyrifos residue in tea." | ( Rapid detection of chlorpyrifos pesticide residue in tea using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. Ai, S; Hu, X; Li, W; Liu, P; Wen, Y; Wu, R; Xiong, Z; Xu, L; Zhu, X, 2021) | 1.16 |
| " In this paper, we propose a track prediction method combined with a high-precision map to solve the problem of scattered tracks when the targets are in the blind area." | ( Multi-Target Tracking Algorithm Combined with High-Precision Map. An, Q; Cai, Y; Han, F; Wang, S; Zhu, J, 2022) | 0.72 |
| "In this paper, an analysis method for chlorpyrifos (CPF) in cereal samples was proposed using dispersive liquid‒liquid microextraction combined with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay." | ( Dispersive liquid‒liquid microextraction combined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the analysis of chlorpyrifos in cereal samples. Chen, Z; Jing, X; Wang, X; Wu, J; Zhang, L; Zhang, Z; Zhao, L, 2023) | 1.39 |
| "In this Letter, an integrated waveform geometrically shaped (GS) 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication signal combined with a linear frequency modulation (LFM) radar signal is proposed and experimentally demonstrated in a W-band communication and radar detection system." | ( GS-16QAM OFDM with ANN scheme combined with LFM signal for joint communication and radar sensing system. He, J; Liang, J; Song, R; Xiao, Y, 2023) | 0.91 |
A study was conducted to determine the adsorption/desorption of butachlor, myclobutanil and chlorpyrifos on five soils using a batch equilibration technique. The oral bioavailability of chlorp Pyrifos was 41%, substantially higher than in mammals.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Wheat grain was treated with 14C-chlorpyrifos-methyl to generate bound residues for determining their bioavailability to rats." | ( Bioavailability and biological activity of wheat-bound chlorpyrifos-methyl residues in rats. Budimir, M; Gasic, S; Karan, V; Neskovic, NK; Vitorovic, SL; Vojinovic, V, 1992) | 0.81 |
| " The oral bioavailability of chlorpyrifos was 41%, substantially higher than in mammals." | ( Chlorpyrifos pharmacokinetics and metabolism following intravascular and dietary administration in channel catfish. Barron, MG; Plakas, SM; Wilga, PC, 1991) | 2.02 |
| " In the analysis of this data, a number of simplifying assumptions had to be employed; among them was the use of the specific absorption rate (SAR) as the mass-normalized, frequency-independent measure of RF energy input into biological systems." | ( A suggested limit for population exposure to radiofrequency radiation. Cahill, DF, 1983) | 0.27 |
| " The average specific absorption rate (SAR) at the surface of the sample was about 100 W/kg." | ( Microwave-induced pressure waves in a model of muscle tissue. Hammer, WC; Olsen, RG, 1980) | 0.26 |
| " The absorption rate through the skin, as measured by urinary metabolites was 456 ng/cm2/h." | ( Oral and dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos: a human volunteer study. Cocker, J; Griffin, P; Heywood, K; Mason, H, 1999) | 0.59 |
| " mercenaria, a potentially ingested food source, may play an important role in the bioavailability of chlorpyrifos in this animal." | ( Bioavailability of the organophosphorous insecticide chlorpyrifos to the suspension-feeding bivalve, Mercenaria mercenaria, following exposure to dissolved and particulate matter. Bejarano, AC; Chandler, GT; Decho, AW; Widenfalk, A, 2003) | 0.78 |
| " The bioavailability of all three insecticides was significantly altered when diet concentrations in the flasks were > or = 150 mg/L." | ( Influences of a laboratory diet and natural seston on the bioavailability of carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, and malathion to black fly larvae (Diptera: Simuliidae) in an acute toxicity test. Noblet, R; Overmyer, JP, 2003) | 0.54 |
| " However, we are not aware of research done to evaluate the bioavailability (i." | ( Toxicity of chlorpyrifos adsorbed on humic colloids to larval walleye (Stizostedion vitreum). Laird, DA; Phillips, TA; Summerfelt, RC; Wu, J, 2003) | 0.7 |
| " These results suggest that CPF has the potential to modulate the bioavailability of drugs via changes in expression and function of membrane efflux transporters." | ( Effect of chlorpyrifos on efflux transporter gene expression and function in Caco-2 cells. Agarwala, S; Chen, W; Cook, TJ, 2004) | 0.73 |
| " A higher magnitude of inhibition of arginine deamination in the loamy sand than in the sandy loam soil could be due to greater bioavailability of the pesticides in the former, resulting from lesser sorption of the pesticides due to alkalinity of the soil and its low content of clay and organic carbon." | ( Influence of two insecticides, chlorpyrifos and quinalphos, on arginine ammonification and mineralizable nitrogen in two tropical soil types. Gopal, M; Menon, P; Prasad, R, 2004) | 0.61 |
| "Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is comprised of a myriad of macromolecules with specific physical and chemical properties that may influence the bioavailability of hydrophobic pesticides to animals." | ( The role of various dissolved organic matter forms on chlorpyrifos bioavailability to the estuarine bivalve Mercenaria mercenaria. Bejarano, AC; Chandler, GT; Decho, AW, 2005) | 0.58 |
| " Model simulations under a variety of exposure scenarios showed that the safest BRVs are obtained from a dermal exposure scenario with the slowest absorption rate compatible with available literature data rather than from respiratory or oral exposure scenarios." | ( Determination of biological reference values for chlorpyrifos metabolites in human urine using a toxicokinetic approach. Bonvalot, Y; Bouchard, M; Brunet, RC; Carrier, G; Gosselin, NH, 2005) | 0.58 |
| " Systemic bioavailability of chemicals was determined by calculating area under the plasma concentration curve over 24 h (AUC-24 h) using complete sets of data (> or =5 data points) and also three, two, and one selected time points." | ( Strategies to assess systemic exposure of chemicals in subchronic/chronic diet and drinking water studies. Bartels, MJ; Bus, JS; Day, SJ; Hansen, SC; Mendrala, AL; Saghir, SA; Sushynski, JM, 2006) | 0.33 |
| "A study was conducted to determine the adsorption/desorption of butachlor, myclobutanil and chlorpyrifos on five soils using a batch equilibration technique and to study the relationship between bioavailability to Allolobophora caliginosa and the adsorption/desorption of these three pesticides." | ( An exploration of the relationship between adsorption and bioavailability of pesticides in soil to earthworm. Fang, H; Li, SN; Wu, XM; Yu, JQ; Yu, YL; Zhan, HY, 2006) | 0.55 |
| "Two chemical approaches, Tenax extraction and matrix solid-phase microextraction (matrix-SPME), were compared to assess the bioavailability of hydrophobic contaminants from sediment." | ( Comparison of chemical approaches for assessing bioavailability of sediment-associated contaminants. Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ; You, J, 2006) | 0.33 |
| " Following oral administration, all three metabolites were well absorbed with peak blood concentrations being attained between 1 and 3h post-dosing." | ( Comparative pharmacokinetics of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos and its major metabolites diethylphosphate, diethylthiophosphate and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in the rat. Barr, DB; Busby, A; Campbell, JA; Needham, LL; Timchalk, C, 2007) | 0.58 |
| "In a microcosm study, the importance of different sources of organic matter (humic acids, sterile sediment, sediment, and a microbial extract) for the bioavailability of the hydrophobic pesticide chlorpyrifos to Chironomus riparius larvae was quantified." | ( Sediment microbes and biofilms increase the bioavailability of chlorpyrifos in Chironomus riparius (Chironomidae, Diptera). Goedkoop, W; Lundqvist, A; Widenfalk, A, 2008) | 0.77 |
| " While bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) dropped with increasing organic content of the sediments, the high level and considerable range of the obtained BSAFs indicate other sediment qualities, such as the age and characteristics of the organic material, having a strong effect on the bioavailability of these compounds." | ( Bioaccumulation of atrazine and chlorpyrifos to Lumbriculus variegatus from lake sediments. Akkanen, J; Jantunen, AP; Kukkonen, JV; Tuikka, A, 2008) | 0.63 |
| "We investigated the effectiveness of two types of biochars in reducing the bioavailability of two soil-applied insecticides (chlorpyrifos and carbofuran) to Spring onion (Allium cepa)." | ( Reduced plant uptake of pesticides with biochar additions to soil. Kookana, RS; Ying, GG; Yu, XY, 2009) | 0.56 |
| "The role of sediment organic matter quality and quantity for chlorpyrifos bioavailability was studied in experiments with Chironomus riparius larvae and with four types of organic matter; (1) commercially available extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), (2) EPS produced by sediment microbes, (3) commercially available humic substances and, (4) humic substances extracted from a boreal lake." | ( Effects of extracellular polymeric and humic substances on chlorpyrifos bioavailability to Chironomus riparius. Bertilsson, S; Goedkoop, W; Lundqvist, A, 2010) | 0.85 |
| " Since no ionizing radiation is used, and due to the ultralow specific absorption rate applied, UWB techniques permit noninvasive sensing with no potential risks." | ( Non-contact detection of myocardium's mechanical activity by ultrawideband RF-radar and interpretation applying electrocardiography. Kreiseler, D; Seifert, F; Thiel, F, 2009) | 0.35 |
| "This study presents the bioavailability of four spiked compounds to Lumbriculus variegatus, in sediment samples from three river basins in Europe: the Elbe, the Llobregat, and the Scheldt." | ( Predicting the bioavailability of sediment-associated spiked compounds by using the polyoxymethylene passive sampling and tenax extraction methods in sediments from three river basins in Europe. Akkanen, J; Kukkonen, JV; Leppänen, MT; Sormunen, AJ; Tuikka, AI, 2010) | 0.36 |
| "This study investigated the influence of two types of biochars on the bioavailability of two soil-applied insecticides (chlorpyrifos and fipronil) to Chinese chives ( Allium tuberosum ) and dissipation of the pesticides in the biochar-amended soils." | ( Influence of biochars on plant uptake and dissipation of two pesticides in an agricultural soil. He, HP; Peng, PA; Wang, L; Yang, XB; Ying, GG; Yuan, P; Zhang, LJ; Zhao, JL, 2010) | 0.57 |
| "6), but also to the increasing adsorption (K(d) = 746 mL g(-1)) and reduced bioavailability of CP in the biomixtures compared with soil (K(d) = 17 mL g(-1)), as verified by the adsorption studies." | ( Degradation and adsorption of terbuthylazine and chlorpyrifos in biobed biomixtures from composted cotton crop residues. Karpouzas, DG; Kravvariti, K; Tsiropoulos, NG, 2010) | 0.62 |
| "4 GHz) and corresponding specific absorption rate values were determined." | ( Assessment of cytogenetic damage and oxidative stress in personnel occupationally exposed to the pulsed microwave radiation of marine radar equipment. Domijan, AM; Flajs, D; Gajski, G; Garaj-Vrhovac, V; Pažanin, S; Peraica, M; Sarolić, A, 2011) | 0.37 |
| " In general, concentrations of Σ6 PCBs in mussels were higher than their corresponding sediment concentrations reflecting their relatively high bioavailability and bioaccumulative potential." | ( Risk posed by chlorinated organic compounds in Abu Qir Bay, East Alexandria, Egypt. Bahadir, M; El-Fiky, A; Khairy, MA; Kolb, M; Mostafa, AR, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " Oral CPFO resulted in substantial RBC ChEI, but no brain ChEI, indicating no CPFO systemic bioavailability to peripheral tissues." | ( Cholinesterase inhibition and toxicokinetics in immature and adult rats after acute or repeated exposures to chlorpyrifos or chlorpyrifos-oxon. Andrus, AK; Bartels, MJ; Beck, MJ; Bell, MP; Brzak, KA; Juberg, DR; Marty, MS; Passage, JK; Perala, AW, 2012) | 0.59 |
| "We studied the fate and bioavailability of insecticides in short-term experiments (48 h) with different hydrophobicity (3." | ( Interactions with DOM and biofilms affect the fate and bioavailability of insecticides to invertebrate grazers. Bertilsson, S; Goedkoop, W; Lundqvist, A, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " However, variations in bioavailability among sediments make accurate predictions of toxicity based on whole sediment concentrations difficult." | ( Using SPME fibers and Tenax to predict the bioavailability of pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos in field sediments. Harwood, AD; Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ; Weston, DP, 2013) | 0.62 |
| " Acetylcholinesterase inhibition in brain and bioavailability of chlorpyrifos from the aqueous exposure media were also unchanged." | ( Impacts of hypersaline acclimation on the acute toxicity of the organophosphate chlorpyrifos to salmonids. Lavado, R; Maryoung, LA; Schlenk, D, 2014) | 0.87 |
| "Cyclodextrins (CDs) can improve the apparent solubility and bioavailability of a variety of organic compounds through the formation of inclusion complexes; accordingly, they are suitable for application in innovative remediation technologies of contaminated soils." | ( Influence of selected cyclodextrins in sorption-desorption of chlorpyrifos, chlorothalonil, diazinon, and their main degradation products on different soils. Báez, ME; Espinoza, J; Fuentes, E; Silva, R, 2017) | 0.7 |
| " In this paper, the independent performance of the NRIMS is assessed by (1) imaging a bearing ball immersed in sunflower oil and (2) computing the heat Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) due to the electromagnetic power transmitted into the breast." | ( Preliminary Results of a New Auxiliary Mechatronic Near-Field Radar System to 3D Mammography for Early Detection of Breast Cancer. Ghanbarzadeh Dagheyan, A; Martinez Lorenzo, JA; Martinez, A; Molaei, A; Obermeier, R; Westwood, A, 2018) | 0.48 |
| " Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been proposed as an alternative in remediation technologies based on the separation of contaminants from soils because they could allow a higher bioavailability for their degradation with a low environmental impact." | ( Degradation kinetics of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in volcanic and non-volcanic soils: influence of cyclodextrins. Báez, ME; Espinoza, J; Fuentes, E, 2018) | 0.79 |
| " Pesticide fate in vernal pools is poorly understood because of uncertainties in the amount of pesticide entering these ecosystems and their bioavailability throughout cycles of wet and dry periods." | ( A sensitivity analysis of pesticide concentrations in California Central Valley vernal pools. Denton, DL; Hook, J; Minucci, JM; Oliver, L; Pitchford, AM; Purucker, ST; Raimondo, SM; Sinnathamby, S; Waits, E; Young, DF; Yuan, Y, 2020) | 0.56 |
| " In particular, excipient nanoemulsions can enhance the bioavailability of nutraceuticals in fruit- and vegetable-containing products consumed with them." | ( Impact of Pesticide Type and Emulsion Fat Content on the Bioaccessibility of Pesticides in Natural Products. Li, R; Lv, S; McClements, DJ; Tan, Y; Zhang, R; Zhang, Z, 2020) | 0.56 |
| "Organophosphates insecticides (OPs) are one of the major environmental pollutants and their interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) has been shown to have significant effects on their bioavailability which is related to toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics in human body." | ( Mechanism of interactions between organophosphorus insecticides and human serum albumin: Solid-phase microextraction, thermodynamics and computational approach. Bojko, B; Liu, F; Pawliszyn, J; Peng, W; Wang, X; Zhao, H, 2020) | 0.56 |
| " In addition, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the haemolymph was evaluated as a measure of the bioavailability of chlorpyrifos." | ( Microplastics, chlorpyrifos and their mixtures modulate immune processes in the terrestrial crustacean Porcellio scaber. Dolar, A; Drobne, D; Jemec Kokalj, A; Perc, V; Selonen, S; van Gestel, CAM, 2021) | 1.18 |
| " Results of fluorescence tracking, CYP1A modulation by BkF as well as changes in acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) by CPF were less pronounced when contaminants were sorbed to MPs, indicating reduced bioavailability of pollutants." | ( Biomarker responses in zebrafish (Danio rerio) following long-term exposure to microplastic-associated chlorpyrifos and benzo(k)fluoranthene. Braunbeck, T; Hanslik, L; Huppertsberg, S; Knepper, TP; Reemtsma, T; Seiwert, B, 2022) | 0.94 |
| " The predominance of DDTs and endosulfans evidences the bioavailability of these compounds despite their use has ceased." | ( Occurrence of persistent organic pollutants and chlorpyrifos in Tadarida brasiliensis tissues from an agricultural production area in Argentina. González Noschese, CS; Miglioranza, KSB; Olmedo, ML; Seco Pon, JP, 2022) | 0.98 |
| " Gut microbiota and chlorpyrifos bioavailability mediated by the diets were involved in these effects." | ( Dietary pattern interfered with the impacts of pesticide exposure by regulating the bioavailability and gut microbiota. Cao, Q; Chen, AS; Hou, HN; Li, PZ; Liu, DH; Liu, XK; Ma, XR; Wang, P; Xiao, SC; Yao, JN; Zhou, ZQ, 2023) | 1.23 |
Chlorpyrifos was found to be an inhibitor of hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes. Two out of six chicks died within two hours after treatment with LD50 doses of chlorpyr ifos and dichlorvos. Dosing with diazinon caused death in three out of 6 chicks.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "Symptoms, lesions and changes in clinical chemistry and hematology were examined in goats orally dosed with dursban (150 mg/kg), reldan (150 mg/kg) and their mixture (300 mg/kg) in certain proportions." | ( The combined effect of dursban and Reldan on nubian goats. Adam, SE; el Dirdira, NI; Mohamed, OS, 1990) | 0.28 |
| " High AChE inhibition (greater than 90%), however, was measured within hours after dosing because of the higher potency of chlorpyrifos to inhibit this enzyme." | ( Chlorpyrifos-induced delayed polyneuropathy. Capodicasa, E; Caroldi, S; Lotti, M; Moretto, A; Scapellato, ML, 1991) | 1.93 |
| " A dosage of 10 mg/kg of body weight did not induce clinical signs of toxicosis, but a dosage of 40 mg/kg induced clinical signs of toxicosis, and 1 of 12 cats died." | ( Toxicologic evaluation of chlorpyrifos in cats. Beasley, VR; Harlin, K; Hooser, SB; Sundberg, JP, 1988) | 0.58 |
| " The oral LD50 in rats does not predict either the oral LD50 in hens or the neurotoxic dose in hens, so there is no justification for using the rat value to predict the neurotoxic dosage in hens." | ( Consideration of dose levels for delayed neurotoxicity testing in hens: the relationship of neurotoxic dosages to acute LD50 values. Hixson, EJ, 1983) | 0.27 |
| " Among these, chlorphoxim, chlorpyrifos-methyl and pirimiphos-methyl proved to be the most effect of these three organophosphorus compounds to that of temephos on the acetylcholinesterasic activity of the brain of Tilapia but using a much higher dosage (0,05 mg/l during 24 hrs that is 144 times more than for temephos)." | ( [Effect of temephos on acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain of Tilapia guineensis. 3: Comparative effect of temephos and 3 substitute insecticides]. Gras, G; Leung Tack, D; Pellissier, C, 1983) | 0.56 |
| " Chlorpyrifos and metabolites did not increase the sister chromatid exchange (SCE) frequency above background at any dosage in the 3-day chick embryo assay." | ( Evaluation of the genotoxic and embryotoxic potential of chlorpyrifos and its metabolites in vivo and in vitro. Bloom, SE; Keown, JF; Muscarella, DE, 1984) | 1.42 |
| " Tremor was not observed during this period; however, motor slowing and working memory impairment persisted throughout the dosing period in all treated groups." | ( Repeated inhibition of cholinesterase by chlorpyrifos in rats: behavioral, neurochemical and pharmacological indices of tolerance. Bushnell, PJ; Kelly, KL; Ward, TR, 1994) | 0.55 |
| " Collapsed across dosages, optimal correlations of blood ChE activity with brain or muscle activity occurred 7-21 days after dosing (when ChE inhibition was maximal and most stable)." | ( Studies on the correlation between blood cholinesterase inhibition and 'target tissue' inhibition in pesticide-treated rats. Bushnell, PJ; Padilla, S; Wilson, VZ, 1994) | 0.29 |
| " These studies project chlorpyrifos to be an inhibitor of hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzymes in rats and an inducer in chickens, and a non-hepatotoxic organophosphate insecticide in both species when given at the dosage of 50 mg/kg." | ( Comparative toxicological studies of chlorpyrifos in rats and chickens. Dalvi, RR; Vodela, JK, 1995) | 0.87 |
| " Male, Long-Evans rats, maintained at 350 +/- 5 g, were dosed (s." | ( Slow accumulation of acetylcholinesterase in rat brain during enzyme inhibition by repeated dosing with chlorpyrifos. Brimijoin, S; Chiappa, S; Koenigsberger, C; Moser, V; Padilla, S, 1995) | 0.51 |
| " The biomass of periphyton in the streams was affected by changes in the abundance of chironomid grazers and Physastra, and the slow recovery of grazers from mortality due to chlorpyrifos appeared to result in a higher biomass of periphyton in the high dose streams than in controls and low dose streams 21 days after dosing ceased." | ( The effects of a chronic application of chlorpyrifos on the macroinvertebrate fauna in an outdoor artificial stream system: species responses. Arthington, AH; Pusey, BJ; Ward, S, 1995) | 0.75 |
| " Doubling the diagnostic dosage of temephos for larval Ae." | ( Resistance in some Caribbean populations of Aedes aegypti to several insecticides. Rawlins, SC; Wan, JO, 1995) | 0.29 |
| " The present study was designed to clarify the magnitude of neuropathic risk associated with CPS exposures by measuring hen brain AChE and NTE inhibition following dosing in vivo and determining the bimolecular rate constant of inhibition (ki) for each enzyme by the active metabolite, CPS oxon (CPO), in vitro." | ( Inhibition of hen brain acetylcholinesterase and neurotoxic esterase by chlorpyrifos in vivo and kinetics of inhibition by chlorpyrifos oxon in vitro: application to assessment of neuropathic risk. Fowke, JH; Kayyali, US; Moore, TB; Randall, JC; Richardson, RJ, 1993) | 0.52 |
| " Contrary to prediction, rats dosed with the OP diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) showed progressive and persistent impairment of cognitive and motor function over a 3-week period of daily exposure, despite neurochemical and pharmacological evidence of tolerance to its inhibition of ChE." | ( Behavioral and neurochemical effects of acute chlorpyrifos in rats: tolerance to prolonged inhibition of cholinesterase. Bushnell, PJ; Padilla, S; Pope, CN, 1993) | 0.54 |
| " Adult hens were dosed daily for 20 days with CPS (10 mg/kg/day po in 2 ml/kg corn oil) or corn oil (vehicle control) (2 ml/kg/day po) and observed for an additional 4 weeks." | ( Chlorpyrifos: assessment of potential for delayed neurotoxicity by repeated dosing in adult hens with monitoring of brain acetylcholinesterase, brain and lymphocyte neurotoxic esterase, and plasma butyrylcholinesterase activities. Kayyali, US; Moore, TB; Randall, JC; Richardson, RJ, 1993) | 1.73 |
| " Whereas similar reductions in brain muscarinic receptor binding were noted at GD20 and PND3 in dams and developing brain between acute and repeated dosing regimens, greater changes in [3H]CD and [3H]cytisine binding were evident following repeated exposures." | ( Neurochemical and neurobehavioral effects of repeated gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos in maternal and developing rats. Chanda, SM; Pope, CN, 1996) | 0.52 |
| " Adult male rats were dosed by gavage with 0, 10, 30, 60, or 100 mg/kg chlorpyrifos." | ( The relationship of oral chlorpyrifos effects on behavior, cholinesterase inhibition, and muscarinic receptor density in rat. Moser, VC; Nostrandt, AC; Padilla, S, 1997) | 0.83 |
| "Chickens, a well-established animal model for experimental myopia and organophosphate neurotoxicity, were dosed with chlorpyrifos (3 mg/kg per day, orally, from day 2 to day 9 after hatching) or corn oil vehicle (VEH) with or without monocular form deprivation (MFD) over the same period." | ( The organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos affects form deprivation myopia. Abdel-Rahman, AA; Abou-Donia, MB; Boyes, WK; Geller, AM; Peiffer, RL, 1998) | 0.8 |
| " The present investigation was designed to study selected toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic factors surrounding the toxicity of chlorpyrifos (CPF; [O,O'-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl] phosphorothionate) in pregnant rats dosed repeatedly or singly during late gestation." | ( Gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos: apparent protection of the fetus? Barone, S; Chanda, SM; Lassiter, TL; Mortensen, SR; Moser, VC; Padilla, S, 1998) | 0.81 |
| " In another study, rats were dosed with saline or LPS daily for three days." | ( Delayed febrile effects of chlorpyrifos: is there cross-tolerance to bacterial lipopolysaccharide? Gordon, CJ; Rowsey, PJ, 1998) | 0.6 |
| " Blood plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activity did not fall significantly during either dosing regime." | ( Oral and dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos: a human volunteer study. Cocker, J; Griffin, P; Heywood, K; Mason, H, 1999) | 0.59 |
| " Repeated CPF exposures were associated with relatively similar degrees of ChE inhibition between the age groups during dosing but more extensive inhibition was noted in adults after termination of exposures." | ( Comparative neurochemical effects of repeated methyl parathion or chlorpyrifos exposures in neonatal and adult rats. Liu, J; Olivier, K; Pope, CN, 1999) | 0.54 |
| " Because of the limited brain ChE inhibition obtained following lactation, pups were exposed to CPS directly by gavage, using 3 dosing regimens to yield a dose response." | ( Changes in rat brain cholinesterase activity and muscarinic receptor density during and after repeated oral exposure to chlorpyrifos in early postnatal development. Carr, RL; Chambers, JE; Tang, J, 1999) | 0.51 |
| "This study investigates the in vivo dose response profiles of the target enzyme cholinesterase (ChE) and the detoxifying enzymes carboxylesterase (CaE) in the fetal and maternal compartments of pregnant rats dosed with chlorpyrifos [(O,O'-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothionate], a commonly used organophosphorus insecticide." | ( Gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos: dose response profiles for cholinesterase and carboxylesterase activity. Barone, S; Lassiter, TL; Moser, VC; Padilla, S, 1999) | 0.8 |
| "0 mg/kg/day chosen to define dose-response patterns." | ( Lack of carcinogenicity of chlorpyrifos insecticide in a high-dose, 2-year dietary toxicity study in Fischer 344 rats. Mattsson, JL; Yano, BL; Young, JT, 2000) | 0.6 |
| " Inhibition of ChE occurred at all dosage levels in dams, but only at the high-dose level in pups." | ( Lack of differential sensitivity to cholinesterase inhibition in fetuses and neonates compared to dams treated perinatally with chlorpyrifos. Brzak, KA; Mattsson, JL; Maurissen, JP; Nolan, RJ, 2000) | 0.51 |
| "Current methods of estimating absorbed dosage (AD) of chemicals were evaluated to determine residue transfer from a carpet treated with chlorpyrifos (CP) to humans who performed a structured exercise routine." | ( Biomonitoring and whole body cotton dosimetry to estimate potential human dermal exposure to semivolatile chemicals. Bernard, CE; Dinoff, TM; Fell, L; Krieger, RI; Ongsinthusak, T; Osimitz, TG; Ross, JH, ) | 0.33 |
| " Then, they were tested during four weeks of dosing and for another four weeks thereafter." | ( Chlorpyrifos: lack of cognitive effects in adult Long-Evans rats. Mattsson, JL; Maurissen, JP; Shankar, MR, ) | 1.57 |
| " Acetylcholinesterase activity of approximately 80% of both populations was not inhibited by a standard dosage of propoxur." | ( Insecticide cross-resistance spectra and underlying resistance mechanisms of Sri Lankan anopheline vectors of malaria. Karunaratne, SH, 1999) | 0.3 |
| " Moreover, dose-related inhibition of brain ChE was similar between age groups, and similar reductions in both QNB and epibatidine binding were noted between the age groups after repeated dosing, even though by the end of the dosing period young animals (juveniles) were still about 3 times more sensitive than adults, based on acute lethality." | ( Comparative cholinergic neurotoxicity of oral chlorpyrifos exposures in preweanling and adult rats. Olivier, K; Pope, CN; Won, YK; Zheng, Q, 2000) | 0.57 |
| " Using chlorpyrifos, there is marked age-related sensitivity: direct oral dosing of the preweanling rat (postnatal day 17; PND17) with chlorpyrifos causes a toxic response (defined either behaviorally or biochemically) at a approximately 5-fold lower dosage than in adults (oral, maximum tolerated dose for the PND17 is 20 mg/kg versus 100 mg/kg for the adult)." | ( Comparison of the role of esterases in the differential age-related sensitivity to chlorpyrifos and methamidophos. Buzzard, J; Moser, VC; Padilla, S, ) | 0.81 |
| " Rats were dosed with chlorpyrifos (0 or 25 mg/kg orally)." | ( Chlorpyrifos-induced hypothermia and vasodilation in the tail of the rat: blockade by scopolamine. Gordon, CJ; Yang, YL, 2000) | 2.06 |
| " Toxicity was limited to the highest dosage level (5 mg/kg/day) and, in the dams, consisted of muscle fasciculation, hyperpnea, and hyperreactivity." | ( Lack of selective developmental neurotoxicity in rat pups from dams treated by gavage with chlorpyrifos. Garman, RH; Hanley, TR; Hoberman, AM; Maurissen, JP, 2000) | 0.53 |
| " However, a delayed (hyperthermic) response seems to be exhibited only when dosing occurs during the light phase." | ( Effects of time of day on chlorpyrifos-induced alterations in body temperature. Kolta, MG; Kuperberg, JM; Soliman, KF; Stino, FK, 2000) | 0.61 |
| " To examine the neurobehavioral effects of chlorpyrifos as a function of age and dose, we conducted dose-response and time-course assessments in rats of three different ages (postnatal day, or PND, 17, 27, and adults)." | ( Dose-response and time-course of neurobehavioral changes following oral chlorpyrifos in rats of different ages. Moser, VC, ) | 0.63 |
| " The rats received one of the following regimens: a low-dosage (3 mg/kg) from PND 1-21; a medium dosage (mg/kg from PND 1-5, and then 6 mg/kg from PND 7-21; or a high-dosage schedule of 3 mg/kg on PND 1-5, then 6 mg/kg from PND 7-13, and 12 mg/kg from PND 15-21." | ( Effects of repeated oral postnatal exposure to chlorpyrifos on open-field behavior in juvenile rats. Carr, RL; Chambers, HW; Chambers, JE; Guarisco, JA; Richardson, JR; Tang, J, 2001) | 0.57 |
| " Adult male Long-Evans rats were trained to perform the SDT, dosed with CPF, and then assessed with both test instruments." | ( Comparing cognitive and screening tests for neurotoxicity. Effects of acute chlorpyrifos on visual signal detection and a neurobehavioral test battery in rats. Bushnell, PJ; Moser, VC; Samsam, TE, ) | 0.36 |
| " Following application of methyl parathion, peak inhibition of maternal and fetal brain AChE activity occurred at 48 h and 24 h after dosing (17% and 48% of control activity, respectively)." | ( Inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes following a single dermal dose of chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion, alone and in combination, in pregnant rats. Abdel-Rahman, A; Abou-Donia, MB; Abu-Qare, AW; Brownie, C; Kishk, AM, 2001) | 0.54 |
| " The insecticide caused a delay in emergence and a severe reduction in survivorship of the flies in a dose-dependent manner with 100% mortality within a day of exposure in the highest dosed group." | ( Chlorpyrifos-induced hsp70 expression and effect on reproductive performance in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster (hsp70-lacZ) Bg9. Kar Chowdhuri, D; Mukhopadhyay, I; Nazir, A; Saxena, DK, 2001) | 1.75 |
| " Dose-response studies estimated the acute oral LD1 values for the two OPs (CPF = 80 mg/kg po; PS = 4 mg/kg po) and these dosages or relative proportions were used to evaluate interactive toxicity." | ( In vivo interaction between chlorpyrifos and parathion in adult rats: sequence of administration can markedly influence toxic outcome. Karanth, S; Liu, J; Olivier, K; Pope, C, 2001) | 0.6 |
| "In this study dosing regimens were designed such that cholinesterase inhibition following exposure to chlorpyrifos was produced in one treatment group, but was absent in the other." | ( Effects of sub-chronic in vivo chlorpyrifos exposure on muscarinic receptors and adenylate cyclase of rat striatum. Abou-Donia, MB; Abu-Qare, AW; Huff, RA, 2001) | 0.81 |
| " Although an oral dose of 1 mg/kg-day resulted in measurable levels of chlorpyrifos in the blood, daily dosing at this level from 9 days to 2 years did not affect brain acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in laboratory animals." | ( Appraisal of risks from nonoccupational exposure to chlorpyrifos. Cochran, RC, 2002) | 0.8 |
| "3x or 1x the maximum tolerated dosage (MTD: 45, 127 and 279 mg/kg for 7-day, 21-day and 90-day rats, respectively)." | ( Age-related effects of chlorpyrifos on muscarinic receptor-mediated signaling in rat cortex. Liu, J; Pope, CN; Zhang, H, 2002) | 0.63 |
| " For each compound two different dosage regimens were employed." | ( Inhibition of rat platelet 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake by chlorpyrifos and carbaryl. Alexaki-Tzivanidou, E; Flaskos, J; Hargreaves, A; Nikolaidis, E; Sachana, M, 2001) | 0.56 |
| " GT1-7 cells were treated with methoxychlor or chlorpyrifos for 24 h in dose-response experiments, and GnRH gene expression and peptide levels were quantified." | ( Organochlorine pesticides directly regulate gonadotropin-releasing hormone gene expression and biosynthesis in the GT1-7 hypothalamic cell line. Gore, AC, 2002) | 0.57 |
| " The constant body weight allowed for the regulation of a consistent dosage of CHP per kg body weight throughout the feeding period." | ( Dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos alters core temperature in the rat. Gordon, CJ; Padnos, BK, 2002) | 0.64 |
| " Rats dosed with chlorpyrifos and saline underwent a 2-3 degrees reduction in core temperature >50% decrease in motor activity." | ( Possible role of vasopressin in the thermoregulatory response to chlorpyrifos in the rat. Gordon, CJ; Yang, YL, 2002) | 0.89 |
| " Dosing rates and timing were designed to duplicate those common in the mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA." | ( Aqueous-phase disappearance of atrazine, metolachlor, and chlorpyrifos in laboratory aquaria and outdoor macrocosms. Bialek, K; Johnson, WE; Kangas, P; Mazanti, L; Rheinstein, J; Rice, C; Sparling, D; Stevenson, C, 2003) | 0.56 |
| " Pregnant rats were orally dosed daily with chlorpyrifos (0, 3, 5, or 7 mg/kg) in corn oil from gestation day 6 to 20." | ( Effects of gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos on postnatal central and peripheral cholinergic neurochemistry. Chambers, J; Richardson, J, 2003) | 0.86 |
| " Pregnant rats were dosed daily with CPS (0, 3, or 7 mg/kg) in corn oil from gestation days (GD) 6-20." | ( Neurochemical effects of repeated gestational exposure to chlorpyrifos in developing rats. Chambers, JE; Richardson, JR, 2004) | 0.57 |
| " In chlorpyrifos-treated animals, pilocarpine dose-response curves were shifted significantly to the right, demonstrating decreased responsiveness of neuronal M2 receptors." | ( Mechanisms of organophosphate insecticide-induced airway hyperreactivity. Beckles, RA; Fryer, AD; Howard, AS; Jett, DA; Lein, PJ; Yost, BL, 2004) | 0.88 |
| " In vivo experiment, NAF and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the cortical synaptosomes in the adult rats dosed with chlorpyrifos were also determined 96 h after OPs treatment." | ( [Effect of paraoxon and chlorpyrifos on the nicotinic autoreceptor function in rat cortical synaptosomes]. Carey, P; Sun, YJ; Wu, YJ, 2003) | 0.83 |
| " Dose-response relationship was noticed and the increase of sperm dysmorphia played a principal role." | ( [A cross-sectional study on nonionizing radiation to male fertility]. Ding, XP; Lu, HO; Tang, J; Tang, Y; Wang, XL; Yan, SW; Zhang, N, 2004) | 0.32 |
| " Oral LD1 values were estimated by dose-response studies (CPF = 80 mg/kg; MPS = 4 mg/kg, in peanut oil, 1 ml/kg)." | ( Interactive toxicity of the organophosphorus insecticides chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion in adult rats. Karanth, S; Liu, J; Olivier, K; Pope, C, 2004) | 0.57 |
| " Dose-response studies were conducted for representative members from the organophosphate, pyrethroid, pyrazole, carbamate, macrocyclic lactone, and formamidine chemistries against Amblyomma americanum (L." | ( An in vitro larval immersion microassay for identifying and characterizing candidate acaricides. Davey, RB; Gutierrez, JA; Hughes, S; Kemp, DH; Kemper, CJ; Miller, RJ; Plummer, PR; Smith, CK; White, WH, 2004) | 0.32 |
| " The following samples were collected at pre-determined intervals for the determination of either CPF or its metabolite TCP: dosing solutions, wash-off fractions and urine samples collected up to 120 h after dosing." | ( Dermal absorption of chlorpyrifos in human volunteers. Meuling, WJ; Ravensberg, LC; Roza, L; van Hemmen, JJ, 2005) | 0.65 |
| "5 mg/kg (low dosage group) and increasing gradually to 3 mg/kg and then to 6 mg/kg (high dosage group)." | ( Effects of repeated oral postnatal exposure to chlorpyrifos on cholinergic neurochemistry in developing rats. Chambers, JE; Richardson, JR, 2005) | 0.59 |
| " However, double dosage of reldan @ 1 g/m2 can be used for comprehensive vector control provided > 95% spray coverage is achieved." | ( Impact of residual spraying of Reldan against Anopheles culicifacies in selected villages of District Ghaziabad (Uttar pradesh), India. Ansari, MA; Razdan, RK, ) | 0.13 |
| " Dose-response and time course experiments were performed on adult mice exposed dermally to CPS or CPO." | ( Toxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos oxon in a transgenic mouse model of the human paraoxonase (PON1) Q192R polymorphism. Cole, TB; Costa, LG; Furlong, CE; Lusis, AJ; Richter, RJ; Shih, DM; Timchalk, C; Tward, AD; Walter, BJ, 2005) | 0.71 |
| " The effect of PON1 removal on the dose-response curve for CPS exposure was remarkably consistent with a PBPK/PD model of CPS exposure." | ( Toxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos oxon in a transgenic mouse model of the human paraoxonase (PON1) Q192R polymorphism. Cole, TB; Costa, LG; Furlong, CE; Lusis, AJ; Richter, RJ; Shih, DM; Timchalk, C; Tward, AD; Walter, BJ, 2005) | 0.71 |
| " The sixth acute CPF dose significantly disrupted the SDT in all dosed groups." | ( Effects of chronic dietary and repeated acute exposure to chlorpyrifos on learning and sustained attention in rats. Bushnell, PJ; Hunter, DL; Samsam, TE, 2005) | 0.57 |
| " In addition, half of each of these groups also received a bolus dosage of CPF in corn oil ("spiked" animals; 60 mg/kg initially and 45 mg/kg thereafter) every 2 months (0+CPF, 1+CPF, 5+CPF)." | ( Neurochemical effects of chronic dietary and repeated high-level acute exposure to chlorpyrifos in rats. Hunter, DL; Mailman, RB; Marshall, RS; Moser, VC; Oxendine, S; Padilla, S; Southerland, SB, 2005) | 0.55 |
| " Plasma and brain ChE activity were measured 4h after dosing with CHP, CAR, and mixtures in separate groups of rats." | ( Thermoregulatory response to an organophosphate and carbamate insecticide mixture: testing the assumption of dose-additivity. Coffey, T; Gennings, C; Gordon, CJ; Graff, JE; Hamm, A; Herr, DW; Mack, CM; McMurray, M; Stork, L, 2006) | 0.33 |
| " In addition, the time course of dark adaptation were measured in a subset of these rats (6-8/group) eight months after the completion of dosing by determining the flash intensity needed to elicit a 40 microV b-wave at selected intervals after bleaching 90% of the photopigment." | ( Repeated spike exposure to the insecticide chlorpyrifos interferes with the recovery of visual sensitivity in rats. Geller, AM; Hunter, DL; Madden, V; Marshall, RS; Peiffer, RL; Sutton, LD, 2005) | 0.59 |
| " The concurrently-exposed group showed more cumulative lethality (15/24) than either of the sequential dosing groups." | ( Interactive toxicity of chlorpyrifos and parathion in neonatal rats: role of esterases in exposure sequence-dependent toxicity. Baireddy, P; Kacham, R; Karanth, S; Liu, J; Pope, C, 2006) | 0.64 |
| " Results from this bioassay demonstrated efficacy with fipronil, ivermectin, permethrin, and chlorpyrifos, and dose-response relationships for each acaricide were determined." | ( An in vivo rodent model for identifying and characterizing acaricides. Bauer, SM; Gutierrez, JA; Hutchens, DE; Kemper, CJ; Plummer, PR; Smith, CK; White, WH; Zhao, X, 2006) | 0.55 |
| " Maximal increases in striatal acetylcholine levels were observed at 4-7 days after dosing (84 mg/kg, 7-9-fold; 156 mg/kg, 10-13-fold; 279 mg/kg, 35-57-fold)." | ( Effects of acute chlorpyrifos exposure on in vivo acetylcholine accumulation in rat striatum. Karanth, S; Liu, J; Mirajkar, N; Pope, C, 2006) | 0.67 |
| " These same parameters also were examined in mesocosms dosed with 200 microg/L of chlorpyrifos to evaluate responses under more environmentally realistic conditions." | ( Cholinesterase activity and behavior in chlorpyrifos-exposed Rana sphenocephala tadpoles. Bidwell, JR; Widder, PD, 2006) | 0.83 |
| " On day 39 of the study, shortly after the daily stress episode, one half of the rats in each group was dosed with 60 mg/kg chlorpyrifos subcutaneously." | ( The effect of stress on the acute neurotoxicity of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos. Ehrich, M; Hancock, S; Hinckley, J; Jortner, BS; Pung, T, 2007) | 0.77 |
| " The PND 17 pups were then dosed by oral gavage with the OP chlorpyrifos (CHP) (1, 5, 10, or 15 mg/kg) or the CB carbaryl (CAR) (10, 20, 80, 120, or 160 mg/kg) or the corn oil vehicle." | ( Differential sensitivity to anticholinesterase insecticides in the juvenile rat: effects on thermoregulation. Gordon, CJ; Mack, CM, 2007) | 0.58 |
| " Additionally, these data raise questions regarding the adequacy of estimating risk of low levels of insecticide exposure from direct extrapolation of insecticide dose-response curves since the capacity of individual oxon molecules at low oxon levels could be greater than individual oxon molecules in vivo associated with the dose-response curve." | ( Concentration-dependent interactions of the organophosphates chlorpyrifos oxon and methyl paraoxon with human recombinant acetylcholinesterase. Kaushik, R; Rosenfeld, CA; Sultatos, LG, 2007) | 0.58 |
| " Mice in group I (control) were dosed with vegetable oil, while those in group II were given CPF (21." | ( Evaluation of subchronic chlorpyrifos poisoning on hematological and serum biochemical changes in mice and protective effect of vitamin C. Akanbi, D; Ambali, S; Ayo, J; Igbokwe, N; Kawu, M; Shittu, M, 2007) | 0.64 |
| "A series of dose-response experiments was conducted to compare the relative sensitivities of toxicity test protocols using the amphipods Ampelisca abdita and Eohaustorius estuarius." | ( Relative sensitivities of toxicity test protocols with the amphipods Eohaustorius estuarius and Ampelisca abdita. Anderson, BS; Clark, S; Hunt, JW; Lowe, S; Phillips, BM; Tjeerdema, RS; Vorhees, J, 2008) | 0.35 |
| " The objective of the current study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of orally administered DEP, DETP and TCPy with their kinetics following oral dosing with the parent insecticide CPF in the rat." | ( Comparative pharmacokinetics of the organophosphorus insecticide chlorpyrifos and its major metabolites diethylphosphate, diethylthiophosphate and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in the rat. Barr, DB; Busby, A; Campbell, JA; Needham, LL; Timchalk, C, 2007) | 0.58 |
| " Animals were orally gavaged using an incremental dosing regimen from postnatal day 1 (PND1) until PND8 with a low, medium, and high dosage for both CPS and MPS." | ( Altered muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype binding in neonatal rat brain following exposure to chlorpyrifos or methyl parathion. Carr, RL; Chambers, JE; Guo-Ross, SX; Meek, EC, 2007) | 0.55 |
| "There is a paucity of data on neonatal systemic exposure using different dosing paradigms." | ( The effect of route, vehicle, and divided doses on the pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos and its metabolite trichloropyridinol in neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats. Bartels, MJ; Domoradzki, JY; Hansen, SC; Marty, MS; Mattsson, JL; Timchalk, C, 2007) | 0.57 |
| " For mixtures with malathion on algae, dose-response surfaces were made and the results tested against the model of concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA)." | ( Organophosphorous insecticides as herbicide synergists on the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and the aquatic plant Lemna minor. Abbaspoor, M; Cedergreen, N; Munkegaard, M, 2008) | 0.35 |
| " In this study, time-pregnant rats were dosed daily by gavage with chlorpyrifos (2." | ( Rats gain excess weight after developmental exposure to the organophosphorothionate pesticide, chlorpyrifos. Brimijoin, S; Lassiter, TL, ) | 0.59 |
| " Preincubation with unlabelled pesticide in vitro or dosing of F344 rats with pesticide in vivo resulted in a reduction in subsequent albumin radiolabelling with (3)H-DFP, the decrease in which was used to quantify pesticide binding." | ( Albumin binding as a potential biomarker of exposure to moderately low levels of organophosphorus pesticides. Carter, WG; Lister, T; Ray, DE; Tarhoni, MH, 2008) | 0.35 |
| " Similar to the parent compound its oxon showed the same tendency to persist for longer periods, thus calling for a change of the usual oxime dosage regimen." | ( Enzyme-based assay for quantification of chlorpyrifos oxon in human plasma. Eyer, F; Eyer, P; Heilmair, R, 2008) | 0.61 |
| " The dose-response relationships observed in this study are consistent with predictions from the previously published physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for CPF." | ( Cholinesterase inhibition in chlorpyrifos workers: Characterization of biomarkers of exposure and response in relation to urinary TCPy. Albers, JW; Aylward, LL; Berent, S; Burns, CJ; Chen, Q; Garabrant, DH; Hays, SM; Timchalk, C, 2009) | 0.64 |
| " Two out of six chicks died within two hours after treatment with LD50 doses of chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos, whereas LD50 dosing with diazinon caused death in three out of six chicks." | ( Acute toxicity and cholinesterase inhibition in chicks dosed orally with organophosphate insecticides. Al-Badrany, YM; Al-Jobory, MM; Mohammad, FK, 2008) | 0.57 |
| " The BSR and the fluorescein diacetate hydrolysing activity (FDHA) were not adversely affected by chlorpyrifos at field rate, whilst the chemical at higher dosage significantly decreased the metabolic activities of soil microbes in terms of BSR and FDHA." | ( Effect of chlorpyrifos on microbial biomass and activities in tropical clay loam soil. Dutta, M; Kole, RK; Pal, R; Sardar, D, 2010) | 0.98 |
| " Gavage dosing with corn oil also increased plasma lipids that led to a moderate increase of CPF partitioning into the plasma." | ( The effect of plasma lipids on the pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos and the impact on interpretation of blood biomonitoring data. Bartels, MJ; Lowe, ER; Marty, MS; Mattsson, JL; Poet, TS; Rick, DL; Timchalk, C, 2009) | 0.6 |
| " Other than decreased body weight in the higher dosage groups, no effects on physical or reflex development were observed." | ( Developmental chlorpyrifos and methyl parathion exposure alters radial-arm maze performance in juvenile and adult rats. Carr, RL; Chambers, JE; Givaruangsawat, S; Johnson, FO; Nail, CA, 2009) | 0.71 |
| " The artificial runoff contained sediment and was dosed with chlorpyrifos and atrazine." | ( Chlorpyrifos and atrazine removal from runoff by vegetated filter strips: experiments and predictive modeling. Coody, PN; Dolder, SC; Fox, GA; Poletika, NN; Sabbagh, GJ; White, J, ) | 1.82 |
| " A number of toxicity and mechanistic studies have been conducted in animals, where CPF has been administered via a variety of different exposure routes and dosing vehicles." | ( Comparative chlorpyrifos pharmacokinetics via multiple routes of exposure and vehicles of administration in the adult rat. Barr, DB; Busby-Hjerpe, AL; Campbell, JA; Lee, S; Poet, TS; Smith, JN; Timchalk, C, 2009) | 0.73 |
| "Preventive treatment with insecticides at high dosing rates before planting of a new crop- soil drenching- is a common practice in some tropical intensive cropping systems, which may increase the risk of leaching, soil functioning, and pesticide uptake in the next crop." | ( Dissipation and leaching of acephate, chlorpyrifos, and their main metabolites in field soils of Malaysia. Chai, LK; Hansen, HC; Hansen, S; Mohd-Tahir, N, ) | 0.4 |
| " Male, Long-Evans rats were dosed orally with 30 mg/kg CHP, 75 mg/kg CAR or the corn oil vehicle." | ( A multianalyte profile of serum proteins to screen for toxicological effects of anticholinesterase insecticides in the rat. Gordon, CJ; Ward, WO, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " This study will provide information on dose-response relationship and risk assessment in domestic buffaloes." | ( Chlorpyrifos and endosulfan affect buffalo oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development in vitro directly and through cumulus cells. Gupta, PS; Nandi, S; Ravindra, JP; Roy, SC; Selvaraju, S, 2011) | 1.81 |
| " A standardized dosage of 25 mg/m(2) plus high dosages of carbosulfan (50 mg/m(2), 100 mg/m(2) and 200 mg/m(2)) and chlorpyrifos-methyl (100 mg/m(2)) were used to compare the three types of insecticide." | ( Behavioural and insecticidal effects of organophosphate-, carbamate- and pyrethroid-treated mosquito nets against African malaria vectors. Lyimo, I; Magesa, SM; Malima, RC; Matowo, J; Maxwell, C; Mosha, FW; Mwingira, V; Oxborough, RM; Rowland, MW; Tungu, PK, 2009) | 0.56 |
| " In the current study, simultaneous dosing of 13C- or 2H-isotopically labeled CPF (13C-labeled CPF, 5 13C on the TCPy ring; or 2H-labeled CPF, diethyl-D10 (deuterium labeled) on the side chain) were exploited to directly compare the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of CPF with TCPy, and DETP." | ( Comparative pharmacokinetics of chlorpyrifos versus its major metabolites following oral administration in the rat. Barr, DB; Busby-Hjerpe, AL; Campbell, JA; Lee, S; Poet, TS; Smith, JN; Timchalk, C, 2010) | 0.64 |
| " Nickel significantly reduced the development of body size of the springtails, although no complete dose-response curve was obtained." | ( Chlorpyrifos reduces nickel-induced growth retardation of the soil dwelling Collembolan Folsomia candida. Broerse, M; van Gestel, CA, 2010) | 1.8 |
| " For accurately predicting mixture effects, both reference models need a full description of the dose-response curve for all single chemicals present in the mixture." | ( Mixture effects of nickel and chlorpyrifos on Folsomia candida (Collembola) explained from development of toxicity in time. Broerse, M; van Gestel, CA, 2010) | 0.65 |
| "0 L ha(-1)) and double dosage (1." | ( Dissipation of cypermethrin, chlorpyriphos, and profenofos in tomato fruits and soil following application of pre-mix formulations. Gajbhiye, VT; Gupta, RK; Gupta, S; Sharma, RK, 2011) | 0.37 |
| " A significant increase in flight times of birds dosed with aldicarb and with chlorpyrifos was observed." | ( Effects of chlorpyrifos and aldicarb on flight activity and related cholinesterase inhibition in homing pigeons, Columba livia: potential for migration effects. Moye, JK; Pritsos, CA, 2010) | 0.98 |
| " Rats in group I were given soya oil (2 ml/kg) while those in group II were dosed vitamin C (100 mg/kg)." | ( Ameliorative effects of vitamin C on short-term sensorimotor and cognitive changes induced by acute chlorpyrifos exposure in Wistar rats. Ambali, SF; Ayo, JO; Idris, SB; Onukak, C; Shittu, M, 2010) | 0.58 |
| " The four largest clusters (each containing from 276 to 905 genes) constituted over 50% of all differentially expressed genes and exhibited up-regulation following exposure to the highest dosage (2mg/kg CPF)." | ( Dose-related gene expression changes in forebrain following acute, low-level chlorpyrifos exposure in neonatal rats. Ayoubi, P; Liu, J; Pope, C; Ray, A, 2010) | 0.59 |
| " Prenatal dosing was more effective in causing metabolic alterations than CPF postnatal treatment; no potentiation was observed in mice experiencing pre- plus post-natal CPF administration." | ( Foetal and neonatal exposure to chlorpyrifos: biochemical and metabolic alterations in the mouse liver at different developmental stages. Buratti, FM; Calamandrei, G; De Angelis, G; Ricceri, L; Testai, E; Venerosi, A, 2011) | 0.65 |
| " A clear dose-response relationship was determined between inhibited ChE in adductor muscle of clams and four OPs (methidathion, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, IBP) which are heavily used OPs in Korea." | ( Acetylthiocholine (ATC)--cleaving cholinesterase (ChE) activity as a potential biomarker of pesticide exposure in the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, of Korea. Choi, JY; Hong, GH; Kim, KT; Ra, K; Shin, KH; Yang, DB; Yu, J, 2011) | 0.57 |
| " Comparable dose-response relationships between brain AChE inhibition and blood AChE inhibition, suggests that blood AChE activity is a valid biomarker of brain AChE activity." | ( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of chlorpyrifos in adult male Long-Evans rats following repeated subcutaneous exposure to chlorpyrifos. Ellison, CA; Lein, PJ; Olson, JR; Smith, JN, 2011) | 0.64 |
| " Brain AChE activities after ethanol + nicotine treatments showed significantly less inhibition following repeated 5 mg CPF/kg dosing compared to CPF only (96 ± 13 and 66 ± 7% of naive at 4 h post last CPF dosing, respectively)." | ( Impact of repeated nicotine and alcohol coexposure on in vitro and in vivo chlorpyrifos dosimetry and cholinesterase inhibition. Gunawan, R; Hjerpe, AL; Lee, S; Poet, TS; Smith, JN; Timchalk, C, 2011) | 0.6 |
| " The influence of dose and dose duration of each pesticide dosage were investigated." | ( Diethyl phosphates accumulation in rabbits' hair as an indicator of long term exposure to diazinon and chlorpyrifos. Alegakis, AK; Maravgakis, G; Stivaktakis, PD; Tsatsakis, AM; Tzatzarakis, MN, 2012) | 0.59 |
| " Similarly, animal data at high doses or routes of exposure not typical for humans also pose challenges to dose-response evaluations needed for risk assessments." | ( Integration of epidemiology and animal neurotoxicity data for risk assessment. Anger, WK; Burns, CJ; Levine, TE; Li, AA, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " However, the different dose-response curves observed with BW284c51 when using PrSCh or BuSCh instead of AcSCh suggest the presence of at least another ChE activity." | ( Binary mixtures of azinphos-methyl oxon and chlorpyrifos oxon produce in vitro synergistic cholinesterase inhibition in Planorbarius corneus. Cacciatore, LC; Cochón, AC; Kristoff, G; Verrengia Guerrero, NR, 2012) | 0.64 |
| " (2012) recently conducted a CPF cholinesterase inhibition study in rats that included testing of males and females, dosing by gavage or diet, administration in corn oil or milk, and with pups and adults." | ( Acetylcholinesterase inhibition dose-response modeling for chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-oxon. Juberg, DR; Lamb, JC; Neal, B; Reiss, R, 2012) | 0.62 |
| " High-exposure children also showed frontal and parietal cortical thinning, and an inverse dose-response relationship between CPF and cortical thickness." | ( Brain anomalies in children exposed prenatally to a common organophosphate pesticide. Bansal, R; Barr, DB; Hao, X; Horton, MK; Liu, J; Perera, FP; Peterson, BS; Rauh, VA; Slotkin, TA; Whyatt, RM, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " A significant log dose-response relationship was found between log fiber concentration and organism mortality." | ( Use of solid phase microextraction to estimate toxicity: relating fiber concentrations to toxicity--part I. Ding, Y; Harwood, AD; Landrum, PF; Lydy, MJ; You, J, 2012) | 0.38 |
| " Increasing of applied ozone dosage was not significantly effect on the removal percentages of pesticides whereas increasing of ozonation temperature caused a negative effect on the removal percentages of pesticides." | ( Removal of chloropyrifos ethyl, tetradifon and chlorothalonil pesticide residues from citrus by using ozone. Ceyhan, M; Kusvuran, E; Mavruk, F; Yildirim, D, 2012) | 0.38 |
| "0 mg CPF/kg/day from GD12 to PND7, and then pups were directly dosed with CPF (by gavage) through PND42." | ( Pre-natal/juvenile chlorpyrifos exposure associated with immunotoxicity in adulthood in Swiss albino mice. Parashar, A; Singh, AK; Singh, R, ) | 0.46 |
| " The use of chlorpyriphos and cypermethrin mixture at the recommended dosage does not seem to pose any hazards to the consumers, and a waiting period of 1 day is suggested to reduce the risk before consumption of green chilli." | ( Estimation of chlorpyriphos and cypermethrin residues in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) by gas-liquid chromatography. Battu, RS; Jyot, G; Mandal, K; Singh, B, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " This article addresses the health risk characterization of chlorpyrifos using epidemiological dose-response data and probabilistic techniques obtained from a case study with rice farmers in Vietnam." | ( Health risk characterization of chlorpyrifos using epidemiological dose-response data and probabilistic techniques: a case study with rice farmers in Vietnam. Chu, C; Connell, D; Phung, DT; Yu, Q, 2013) | 0.92 |
| " In this context, our main aim in this research was to establish a dose-response curve of Acylpeptide hydrolase (APH) and AChE regional brain activity after acute CPF administration that could explain these long term effects observed in the literature." | ( Dose-dependent regional brain acetylcholinesterase and acylpeptide hydrolase inhibition without cell death after chlorpyrifos administration. Cañadas, F; Cardona, D; Flores, P; Llorens, J; López-Granero, C; Pancetti, F; Sánchez-Santed, F, 2013) | 0.6 |
| " A higher dosage of vanillin may promote a higher level of degradation of chlorpyrifos, and the 2-step addition of vanillin led to 98% chlorpyrifos degradation." | ( Production of a recombinant laccase from Pichia pastoris and biodegradation of chlorpyrifos in a laccase/vanillin system. Li, Q; Wang, M; Xie, H; Zhao, L, 2013) | 0.85 |
| " Full dose-response bioassays on third instar larvae were performed by topical application." | ( Resurgence of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera in northern Greece associated with insecticide resistance. Bentila, M; Kapantaidaki, D; Mironidis, GK; Morou, E; Savopoulou-Soultani, M; Vontas, J, 2013) | 0.39 |
| " dominica strains were chosen for dose-response tests only with spinosad." | ( Variation in susceptibility of field strains of three stored grain insect species to spinosad and chlorpyrifos-methyl plus deltamethrin on hard red winter wheat. Arthur, FH; Gill, BS; Sehgal, B; Subramanyam, B, 2013) | 0.61 |
| " Two groups were dosed orally with CPF in vegetable oil (0." | ( Chlorpyrifos induced toxicity in reproductive organs of female Wistar rats. Hundal, SS; Nishi, K, 2013) | 1.83 |
| " This exposure resulted in the accumulation of 2-AG and AEA in the forebrain of juvenile rats; however, even at the lowest dosage level used (1." | ( Low level chlorpyrifos exposure increases anandamide accumulation in juvenile rat brain in the absence of brain cholinesterase inhibition. Carr, RL; Graves, CA; Mangum, LC; Nail, CA; Ross, MK, 2014) | 0.8 |
| " phoeniceus)), a species sensitivity distribution (SSD) approach was used to generate hypothetical dose-response curves assuming high, median and low sensitivity to CPY." | ( Refined avian risk assessment for chlorpyrifos in the United States. Giesy, JP; Greer, CD; Moore, DR; Solomon, KR; Teed, RS, 2014) | 0.68 |
| "In order to use sensitive molecular-level biomarkers for the evaluation of environmental risks, it is necessary to establish a quantitative dose-response relationship." | ( Changes in the expression of cyp35a family genes in the soil nematode Caenorhabditis elegans under controlled exposure to chlorpyrifos using passive dosing. Kwon, JH; Lee, H; Roh, JY, 2014) | 0.61 |
| " Lethality was increased by AM251 with the higher dosage of PO, but no lethality was noted with either dosage of CPO, with or without AM251." | ( The cannabinoid receptor antagonist AM251 increases paraoxon and chlorpyrifos oxon toxicity in rats. Liu, J; Pope, C, 2015) | 0.65 |
| " There was a significant dose-response effect in all genotypes studied." | ( Variation in toxicity of a current-use insecticide among resurrected Daphnia pulicaria genotypes. Belden, JB; Jeyasingh, PD; Simpson, AM, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " This is accomplished through linking a multi-species water quality model and a statistical dose-response model." | ( Optimal sensor placement for detecting organophosphate intrusions into water distribution systems. Lahav, O; Ohar, Z; Ostfeld, A, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " In this study, the dose-response of cyanobacteria Microcystis wesenbergii on OPs exposure and the stimulating effect of OPs with and without phosphorus source were investigated." | ( Ecotoxicity of two organophosphate pesticides chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos on non-targeting cyanobacteria Microcystis wesenbergii. Cheng, H; Duan, SS; Hong, YG; Sun, KF; Wang, YS; Xu, XR; Zhang, ZW; Zhou, GJ, 2015) | 0.68 |
| " total erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and total leukocyte were observed in the high dosed group as compared to control and other low dosed fed birds." | ( Impact of chlorpyrifos on health biomarkers of broiler chicks. Ahmad, MZ; Hussain, I; Javed, MT; Khan, A, 2015) | 0.82 |
| " Published data derived from epidemiological investigations on human populations would be used to develop a dose-response relationship for chlorpyrifos allowing the calculation of threshold values which can be used as guidelines." | ( A new method for setting guidelines to protect human health from agricultural exposure by using chlorpyrifos as an example. Chu, C; Connell, D; Phung, DT, 2015) | 0.84 |
| " Moreover, the simple dose-response curves against OP exposure suggest that this enzyme--combined with other enzyme activities (e." | ( Earthworm-induced carboxylesterase activity in soil: Assessing the potential for detoxification and monitoring organophosphorus pesticides. Domínguez, J; Notario del Pino, J; Sanchez-Hernandez, JC, 2015) | 0.42 |
| "0mg/kg, but at a lower dosage (0." | ( Decreased anxiety in juvenile rats following exposure to low levels of chlorpyrifos during development. Armstrong, NH; Buchanan, AT; Carr, RL; Eells, JB; Mohammed, AN; Nail, CA; Ross, MK, 2017) | 0.69 |
| " In diploids, plasma T levels showed a linear dose-response reduction across CPF treatments correlating with liver weight and plasma total cholesterol concentrations." | ( Diploid and triploid African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) differ in biomarker responses to the pesticide chlorpyrifos. Abdullah, M; Courtenay, SC; Goh, YM; Jahromi, MF; Karami, A; Lazorchak, JM, 2016) | 0.65 |
| "Hormesis induced by insecticides at the dosage lower than what ostensibly directly causes death on insects was studied." | ( Chlorpyrifos-induced hormesis in insecticide-resistant and -susceptible Plutella xylostella under normal and high temperatures. Deng, ZZ; Wu, G; Wu, ZL; Yu, ZY; Zhang, F, 2016) | 1.88 |
| " Chlorpyrifos (CP) was selected as a model chemical, and Caenorhabditis elegans was exposed to CP for 4 h using the passive dosing method." | ( Internal Concentration and Time Are Important Modifiers of Toxicity: The Case of Chlorpyrifos on Caenorhabditis elegans. Kwon, JH; Lee, HJ; Roh, JY, 2016) | 1.57 |
| "We determined dose-response curves for sublethal effects of the organophosphorus (OP) insecticide, chlorpyrifos, on bats." | ( Sub-lethal Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Big Brown Bats (Eptesicus fuscus). Eidels, RR; Sparks, DW; Sprague, CA; Whitaker, JO, 2016) | 0.97 |
| " CPF inhibited ChE activity in spleen and liver (all dosages) and in brain (highest dosage only)." | ( Inhibition of Endocannabinoid-Metabolizing Enzymes in Peripheral Tissues Following Developmental Chlorpyrifos Exposure in Rats. Alugubelly, N; Buntyn, RW; Carr, RL; Hybart, RL; Mohammed, AN; Nail, CA; Parker, GC; Ross, MK, ) | 0.35 |
| " The second example is a dose-response study where the stem bases of a non-exposed plant are compared to those of plants exposed to increasing concentrations of the pesticide chlorpyrifos." | ( Analysis of multiple mass spectrometry images from different Phaseolus vulgaris samples by multivariate curve resolution. Bedia, C; Jaumot, J; Tauler, R, 2017) | 0.65 |
| "A diet fortified with 2,2', 4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47: 0, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/g) was dosed to 4-7-day-old post-hatch medaka fish for 40 days to evaluate the effects on the swimming activity of fish using a miniaturized swimming flume." | ( Effects of dietary 2,2', 4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) exposure on medaka (Oryzias latipes) swimming behavior. Beltrán, EM; Carbonell, G; Fernández Torija, C; González-Doncel, M; Rodríguez Martín, JA; Sastre, S, 2018) | 0.48 |
| " During spring migration, sparrows were captured, held and dosed by gavage daily for 3 days with either the vehicle control, low (10% LD50) or high (25% LD50) doses of imidacloprid or chlorpyrifos and tested in migratory orientation trials pre-exposure, post-exposure and during recovery." | ( Imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos insecticides impair migratory ability in a seed-eating songbird. Eng, ML; Morrissey, CA; Stutchbury, BJM, 2017) | 0.99 |
| " Motor performance in an inclined plane test was not affected by CPO in mice but was altered at the highest dosage in toads." | ( Comparative in vitro and in vivo effects of chlorpyrifos oxon in the outbred CD-1 mouse (Mus musculus) and great plains toad (Anaxyrus cognatus). Anderson, T; Liu, J; McMurry, S; Pope, C, 2018) | 0.74 |
| "In this proof-of-concept study, we focused on one of the most widely used OP insecticides in the world, chlorpyrifos (CPF), and utilized an existing physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model and a novel pharmacodynamic (PD) dose-response model to develop a point of departure benchmark dose estimate for cognitive deficits following long-term, low-dose exposure to this chemical in rodents." | ( A Novel Method for the Development of Environmental Public Health Indicators and Benchmark Dose Estimation Using a Health-Based End Point for Chlorpyrifos. Reisfeld, B; Zurlinden, TJ, 2018) | 0.9 |
| " Using simulated peak brain CPF concentrations, we developed a dose-response model to predict CPF-induced spatial memory deficits and correlated these changes to relevant biomarkers of exposure to derive a benchmark dose specific to neurobehavioral changes." | ( A Novel Method for the Development of Environmental Public Health Indicators and Benchmark Dose Estimation Using a Health-Based End Point for Chlorpyrifos. Reisfeld, B; Zurlinden, TJ, 2018) | 0.68 |
| " We first conducted acute toxicity testing and avoidance response testing using earthworms to obtain dose-response data for two different endpoints; then the benchmark dose (BMD) methodology was applied to estimate the toxicity values for the active ingredients of these four pesticides and their mixtures." | ( Quantitative ecotoxicity analysis for pesticide mixtures using benchmark dose methodology. Chen, C; Li, J; Shao, K; Wang, Y; Yang, G; Zhao, H, 2018) | 0.48 |
| " Regardless of application dosage (standard or high) at a pre-harvest interval of 60 days, chlorpyrifos was undetectable in the harvested sugarcane." | ( Dissipation behavior of chlorpyrifos residues and risk assessment in sugarcane fields. Cao, X; Wang, H; Yang, R; Yu, W; Zheng, L, 2019) | 1.04 |
| " We further found issues which inappropriately decrease the ability of the studies to reveal true effects, including a dosage regimen that resulted in too low exposure of the nursing pups for chlorpyrifos and possibly for chlorpyrifos-methyl, and a failure to detect any neurobehavioral effects of lead nitrate used as positive control in the chlorpyrifos study." | ( Safety of Safety Evaluation of Pesticides: developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl. Grandjean, P; Mie, A; Rudén, C, 2018) | 0.9 |
| " Urinary TCPy levels were associated with increased symptoms, demonstrating a dose-response effect." | ( Occupational pesticide exposure and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescent pesticide applicators in Egypt. Abdel Rasoul, G; Bonner, MR; Hendy, O; Ismail, A; Olson, JR; Ortega Dickey, L; Rohlman, DS; Wang, K, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " The results emerged from this research are a further contribution to the knowledge of the risks of implementing higher dosage regimens of OPs-containing antiparasitic formulations." | ( In vitro and in vivo effects of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin on blood cholinesterases in sheep. Lanusse, CE; Larsen, KE; Lifschitz, AL; Virkel, GL, 2019) | 0.8 |
| " The use of biomarkers as a tool to assess responses of organisms exposed to pollutants requires the understanding of their natural fluctuation and the dose-response relationship." | ( Seasonal variations in the dose-response relationship of acetylcholinesterase activity in freshwater fish exposed to chlorpyrifos and glyphosate. Bernal-Rey, DL; Cantera, CG; Dos Santos Afonso, M; Menéndez-Helman, RJ, 2020) | 0.77 |
| " However, a dose-response relationship has yet to be established, leading some to doubt an association between occupational OP exposure and behavioral deficits." | ( Magnitude of behavioral deficits varies with job-related chlorpyrifos exposure levels among Egyptian pesticide workers. Anger, WK; Farahat, FM; Farahat, TM; Lasarev, MR; Lein, PJ; Olson, JR; Rohlman, DS, 2020) | 0.8 |
| "In March 1972, Frederick Coulston and colleagues at the Albany Medical College reported results of an intentional chlorpyrifos dosing study to the study's sponsor, Dow Chemical Company." | ( Flawed analysis of an intentional human dosing study and its impact on chlorpyrifos risk assessments. Fenske, RA; McGrew, S; Sheppard, L, 2020) | 1 |
| " A PBTK-TD for mixtures was used to predict dose-response relationships for comparison with available adult fish data." | ( Modeling acetylcholine esterase inhibition resulting from exposure to a mixture of atrazine and chlorpyrifos using a physiologically-based kinetic model in fish. Bado-Nilles, A; Beaudouin, R; Gueganno, T; Mit, C; Tebby, C, 2021) | 0.84 |
| ") was administered following the 7-day CPF dosing period, little to no differences in lung immune responses (cytokines and immunophenotyping) were noted between the CPF and vehicle groups." | ( Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Serine Hydrolase Activities, Lipid Mediators, and Immune Responses in Lungs of Neonatal and Adult Mice. Borazjani, A; Carr, RL; Kaplan, BLF; Lehner, R; Ross, MK; Seay, CN; Szafran, BN, 2021) | 1.01 |
| " This dosage of CPF does not inhibit brain cholinesterase activity but inhibits FAAH activity." | ( Persistent proteomic changes in glutamatergic and GABAergic signaling in the amygdala of adolescent rats exposed to chlorpyrifos as juveniles. Alugubelly, N; Carr, RL; Mohammed, AN, 2021) | 0.83 |
| " The different factors have been investigated such as pH of the solution, catalyst dosage and conact time." | ( Bio-synthesized Cu-ZnO hetro-nanostructure for catalytic degradation of organophosphate chlorpyrifos under solar illumination. Kumar, A; Kumar, S; Pathania, D; Sharma, A; Singh, L; Srivastava, AK, 2021) | 0.84 |
| " Low concentrations of organochlorine (dieldrin, endosulfan, and chlordane) and organophosphate (chlorpyrifos and its oxon metabolite) pesticides were chronically dosed ex vivo (organotypic rat hippocampal slices) or in vivo (perinatal exposure in rats), and then biochemical, electrophysiological, behavioral, and proteomic studies were performed." | ( Perinatal exposure to pesticides alters synaptic plasticity signaling and induces behavioral deficits associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. Briz, V; Cuartero, MI; Esteban, JA; López-Merino, E, 2023) | 1.13 |
| " The classic ad hoc approach for the assessment of mixture effects is based on dose-response curves at a single time point, and is limited to identifying a mixture interaction but cannot provide predictions for untested exposure durations, nor for scenarios where exposure varies in time." | ( How to analyse and account for interactions in mixture toxicity with toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic models. Ashauer, R; Badder, C; Bart, S; Eagles, EJ; Jager, T; Lahive, E; Robinson, A; Short, S; Spurgeon, DJ, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " The slopes of the dose-response curves to most of the insecticides tested for these field populations of Ae." | ( Insecticide Resistance in Alabama Populations of the Mosquito Aedes albopictus. An, M; Liu, N; Stevens, KM; Wang, Y, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " Future studies are warranted to corroborate these findings, evaluate dose-response relationships between organophosphate insecticides and blood pressure, determine clinical significance, and elucidate biological mechanisms underlying this association." | ( The association between organophosphate insecticides and blood pressure dysregulation: NHANES 2013-2014. Belladelli, F; Caudle, WM; Chen, T; Del Giudice, F; Eisenberg, ML; Glover, F; Mulloy, E, 2022) | 0.72 |
| " Flavobacterium was greatly attenuated in chlorpyrifos group with lethal dosage exhibiting more severe impacts." | ( Copper and chlorpyrifos stress affect the gut microbiota of chironomid larvae (Propsilocerus akamusi). An, J; Liu, Y; Sun, W; Sun, Z; Xu, H; Yan, C, 2022) | 1.38 |
| " In serum, juvenile mice had an 8-fold higher CES activity than rats, and exposure to a CPF dosage that almost eliminated CES activity in rats only resulted in 22% inhibition in mice suggesting that the high serum CES activity in mice as compared to rats is a key component in this species difference." | ( The mechanistic basis for the toxicity difference between juvenile rats and mice following exposure to the agricultural insecticide chlorpyrifos. Alugubelly, N; Carr, RL; Glenn, LB; Guo-Ross, SX; Parkes, MK; Seay, CN; Sette, KN; Wilson, JR, 2022) | 0.93 |
| " Dose-response curves elicited the detection of low concentrations of CHLP (<1 µg/L)." | ( Biosensing Chlorpyrifos in Environmental Water Samples by a Newly Developed Carbon Nanoparticle-Based Indirect Lateral Flow Assay. Peters, J; Van Amerongen, A; Van Dooremalen, C; Van Hoof, R; Wichers, J; Willemsen, L; Xu, M, 2022) | 1.11 |
| " We used a laboratory dose-response experiment and an observational field study to determine the relative toxicities of three pyrethroid (esfenvalerate, λ-cyhalothrin, and permethrin) and three organophosphate (chlorpyrifos, malathion, and terbufos) insecticides to Macrobrachium prawns." | ( Pyrethroid insecticides pose greater risk than organophosphate insecticides to biocontrol agents for human schistosomiasis. De Leo, GA; Delius, BK; Haggerty, CJE; Jouanard, N; Lopez-Carr, D; Lund, AJ; Ndao, PD; Remais, JV; Riveau, G; Rohr, JR; Sokolow, SH, 2023) | 1.1 |
| " Another interesting aspect of antidepressants is that they have shown to induce non-monotonic dose-response (NMDR) curves." | ( Contrasting dose response relationships of neuroactive antidepressants on the behavior of C. elegans. Estruch, IM; van den Brink, NW; van der Most, MA, 2023) | 0.91 |
| " In the present study, the median effect plot and the combination index isobologram were studied to evaluate the dose-response curve for individual and interactive impacts of chlorpyrifos (Chl), cypermethrin (Cyp), and arsenic (As) on soil dehydrogenase, a potential marker of soil health." | ( Effect of toxicological interaction of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, and arsenic on soil dehydrogenase activity in the terrestrial environment. Kumar, A; Nistala, S, 2023) | 1.37 |
| Role | Description |
|---|---|
| EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor | An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), which helps breaking down of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid. |
| agrochemical | An agrochemical is a substance that is used in agriculture or horticulture. |
| EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor | An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8). |
| environmental contaminant | Any minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects. |
| xenobiotic | A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means. |
| acaricide | A substance used to destroy pests of the subclass Acari (mites and ticks). |
| insecticide | Strictly, a substance intended to kill members of the class Insecta. In common usage, any substance used for preventing, destroying, repelling or controlling insects. |
| [role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| organic thiophosphate | |
| chloropyridine | Compounds containing a pyridine nucleus substituted with one or more chlorine atoms. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 42.8000 | 0.0040 | 23.8416 | 100.0000 | AID485290 |
| Chain A, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.0000 | 0.0251 | 20.2376 | 39.8107 | AID886 |
| Chain B, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.0000 | 0.0251 | 20.2376 | 39.8107 | AID886 |
| Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 44.6684 | 0.6310 | 35.7641 | 100.0000 | AID504339 |
| acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.0923 | 0.0025 | 41.7960 | 15,848.9004 | AID1347395; AID1347397; AID1347398; AID1347399 |
| 15-lipoxygenase, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.0126 | 10.6917 | 88.5700 | AID887 |
| phosphopantetheinyl transferase | Bacillus subtilis | Potency | 35.4813 | 0.1413 | 37.9142 | 100.0000 | AID1490 |
| hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.4206 | 3.1890 | 29.8841 | 59.4836 | AID1224846 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 27.3616 | 0.0060 | 38.0041 | 19,952.5996 | AID1159521 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.0316 | 37.5844 | 354.8130 | AID504865 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 34.4462 | 0.0007 | 14.5928 | 83.7951 | AID1259369 |
| Microtubule-associated protein tau | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.3969 | 0.1800 | 13.5574 | 39.8107 | AID1460; AID1468 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.0313 | 0.0002 | 21.2231 | 8,912.5098 | AID1259243; AID1259247; AID588515; AID743035; AID743036 |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.7306 | 0.0112 | 12.4002 | 100.0000 | AID1030 |
| PINK1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 2.8184 | 18.8959 | 44.6684 | AID624263 |
| thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.6228 | 0.0013 | 18.0743 | 39.8107 | AID926; AID938 |
| estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.4792 | 0.0006 | 57.9133 | 22,387.1992 | AID1259377; AID1259378 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 14.8052 | 0.0010 | 22.6508 | 76.6163 | AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.5071 | 0.0004 | 17.9460 | 75.1148 | AID1346795 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 30.7002 | 0.0030 | 41.6115 | 22,387.1992 | AID1159552 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.8253 | 0.0008 | 17.5051 | 59.3239 | AID1159527; AID1159531; AID588544 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 53.0712 | 0.0015 | 30.6073 | 15,848.9004 | AID1224841; AID1224848; AID1224849 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 47.6190 | 0.0054 | 28.0263 | 1,258.9301 | AID1346982; AID720659 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.3284 | 0.0002 | 29.3054 | 16,493.5996 | AID1259244; AID588513; AID588514; AID743069; AID743075; AID743078; AID743080 |
| Parkin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.8199 | 14.8306 | 44.6684 | AID624263 |
| bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 0.7079 | 36.9043 | 89.1251 | AID504333 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.0010 | 24.5048 | 61.6448 | AID588534 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 44.6684 | 0.0010 | 19.4141 | 70.9645 | AID588537 |
| aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.0717 | 0.0007 | 23.0674 | 1,258.9301 | AID651777; AID743085; AID743122 |
| cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 68.7291 | 0.0017 | 23.8393 | 78.1014 | AID743083 |
| thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.4351 | 0.0016 | 28.0151 | 77.1139 | AID1224843; AID1224895; AID1259385; AID1259395 |
| activating transcription factor 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 55.0150 | 0.1434 | 27.6121 | 59.8106 | AID1159516 |
| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 49.0980 | 19.7391 | 45.9784 | 64.9432 | AID1159509 |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.7759 | 0.0578 | 21.1097 | 61.2679 | AID1159526; AID1159528 |
| Histone H2A.x | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 95.5205 | 0.0391 | 47.5451 | 146.8240 | AID1224845; AID1224896 |
| Caspase-7 | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 68.7291 | 0.0067 | 23.4960 | 68.5896 | AID1346980 |
| serine-protein kinase ATM isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.7079 | 25.1119 | 41.2351 | AID485349 |
| polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1.0000 | 12.2326 | 31.6228 | AID1452 |
| vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 55.5278 | 0.3548 | 28.0659 | 89.1251 | AID504847 |
| chromobox protein homolog 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 100.0000 | 0.0060 | 26.1688 | 89.1251 | AID540317 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.3162 | 0.0100 | 39.5371 | 1,122.0200 | AID588547 |
| potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 0.0178 | 9.6374 | 44.6684 | AID588834 |
| caspase-3 | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 68.7291 | 0.0067 | 23.4960 | 68.5896 | AID1346980 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 61.0922 | 0.0003 | 23.4451 | 159.6830 | AID743065; AID743067 |
| heat shock protein beta-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 61.8108 | 0.0420 | 27.3789 | 61.6448 | AID743210 |
| mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 0.0398 | 16.7842 | 39.8107 | AID995 |
| serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 29.9349 | 0.1683 | 16.4040 | 67.0158 | AID720504 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 38.0788 | 0.0006 | 27.2152 | 1,122.0200 | AID651741; AID743202; AID743219 |
| lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.6228 | 0.0752 | 15.2253 | 39.8107 | AID485360 |
| geminin | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0052 | 0.0046 | 11.3741 | 33.4983 | AID624297 |
| cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 5.0119 | 0.0316 | 10.2792 | 39.8107 | AID884; AID885 |
| histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.1838 | 0.2512 | 15.8432 | 39.8107 | AID504327 |
| lethal factor (plasmid) | Bacillus anthracis str. A2012 | Potency | 1.9953 | 0.0200 | 10.7869 | 31.6228 | AID912 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 68.7291 | 0.0015 | 57.7890 | 15,848.9004 | AID1259244 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 54.5935 | 0.0023 | 19.5956 | 74.0614 | AID651631 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Glutamate receptor 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 68.7291 | 0.0015 | 51.7393 | 15,848.9004 | AID1259244 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 33.4915 | 0.0266 | 22.4482 | 66.8242 | AID651802 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.2202 | 3.9811 | 46.7448 | 112.2020 | AID720708 |
| GABA theta subunit | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 5.0119 | 1.0000 | 12.2248 | 31.6228 | AID885 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetylcholinesterase | Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) | IC50 (µMol) | 1.8300 | 1.8300 | 1.8300 | 1.8300 | AID1092102 |
| Carboxylic ester hydrolase | Musca domestica (house fly) | IC50 (µMol) | 9.5100 | 0.0008 | 4.7554 | 9.5100 | AID1092101 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ORF73 | Human gammaherpesvirus 8 | EC50 (µMol) | 75.0000 | 0.0600 | 8.1346 | 32.1400 | AID435023 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype | Homo sapiens (human) | Active Concentration | 20.0000 | 20.0000 | 20.0000 | 20.0000 | AID1421 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID504810 | Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID504812 | Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID651635 | Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
| AID1745845 | Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
| AID1101085 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID503567 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as saturated C22:0 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1103263 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m'2 at 48 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID503554 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as unsaturated C20:4 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID503568 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as unsaturated C22:6 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1105278 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi ST JEA in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID260331 | Inhibitory activity against AChE from rat brain homogenate | 2006 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb, Volume: 16, Issue:3 | Synthesis of the novel series of bispyridinium compounds bearing (E)-but-2-ene linker and evaluation of their reactivation activity against chlorpyrifos-inhibited acetylcholinesterase. |
| AID680157 | TP_TRANSPORTER: ATP hydrolysis in MDR1-expressing Sf9 cells | 1996 | Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Mar, Volume: 47, Issue:4 | Chlorpyrifos oxon interacts with the mammalian multidrug resistance protein, P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1103267 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m'2 at 48 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1111230 | Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 7 days relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1112919 | Insecticidal activity against blue/green Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method | 2013 | Pest management science, Apr, Volume: 69, Issue:4 | Abdominal color of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is associated with susceptibility to various insecticides. |
| AID1104921 | Resistance ratio of LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested poinsettia leaves to LC50 for Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested tomato leaves | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID503560 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as 2-arachidonylglycerol level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID503570 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as unsaturated C24:1 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1112918 | Insecticidal activity against gray/brown Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method | 2013 | Pest management science, Apr, Volume: 69, Issue:4 | Abdominal color of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is associated with susceptibility to various insecticides. |
| AID681499 | TP_TRANSPORTER: Immunohistochemisty in vivo, jejunum of Fischer 344 rat | 1996 | Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Mar, Volume: 47, Issue:4 | Chlorpyrifos oxon interacts with the mammalian multidrug resistance protein, P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1102521 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m'2 after 24 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID1104862 | Insecticidal activity against Diaphorina citri assessed as mortality after 48 hr | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection on susceptibility of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, to selected insecticides. |
| AID503552 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as unsaturated C18:2 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1112039 | Insecticidal activity against third-instar larvae of fufenozide-resistant Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) assessed as mortality by leaf-dip bioassay method | 2012 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 68, Issue:2 | Cross-resistance patterns and fitness in fufenozide-resistant diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). |
| AID1105274 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus urticae (two-spotted spider mite) | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID1111077 | Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 10 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1101076 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID1101072 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID1111081 | Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 30 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID503551 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as unsaturated N-oleoyl-ethanolamine level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1111231 | Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 7 days relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1104922 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested tomato leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID379115 | Insecticidal activity against insecticide-resistant Blattella germanica Muncie second instars | 1999 | Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 62, Issue:3 | Annonaceous acetogenins: recent progress. |
| AID1101086 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID681498 | TP_TRANSPORTER: Immunohistochemisty in vivo, kidney of Fischer 344 rat | 1996 | Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Mar, Volume: 47, Issue:4 | Chlorpyrifos oxon interacts with the mammalian multidrug resistance protein, P-glycoprotein. |
| AID503548 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as 2-arachidonylglycerol level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1111075 | Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 30 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111182 | Insecticidal activity against B-biotype thiamethoxam-resistant Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) in cabbage leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf disk assay | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID977602 | Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM | 2013 | Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6 | Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors. |
| AID1102512 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m'2 after 48 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID503563 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as unsaturated N-oleoyl-ethanolamine level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1101171 | Insecticidal activity against organophosphate-resistant clone of Schizaphis graminum OR1 adult or last-instar nymphs assessed as insect mortality after 8 hr | 2000 | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct, Volume: 48, Issue:10 | Comparative toxicity of selected organophosphate insecticides against resistant and susceptible clones of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: aphididae). |
| AID1111078 | Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 20 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID503549 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as arachidonic acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1103702 | Nematicidal activity against J3 juveniles of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora assessed as mortality at < 200 mg/l | 2008 | Pest management science, Jun, Volume: 64, Issue:6 | Nematicidal activity of anion transport blockers against Meloidogyne incognita, Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. |
| AID1112037 | Resistance ratio, ratio of LC50 for third-instar larvae of fufenozide-resistant Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) to LC50 for third-instar larvae of fufenozide-susceptible Plutella xylostella | 2012 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 68, Issue:2 | Cross-resistance patterns and fitness in fufenozide-resistant diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). |
| AID1112917 | Insecticidal activity against orange/yellow Diaphorina citri in citrus leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf-dip petridish bioassay method | 2013 | Pest management science, Apr, Volume: 69, Issue:4 | Abdominal color of the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is associated with susceptibility to various insecticides. |
| AID1111270 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 3 days relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1111084 | Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 30 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111265 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 1 day relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID503569 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as saturated C24:0 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1101074 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID1111267 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 3 days relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1102523 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m'2 after 24 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID503565 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as saturated C20:0 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1103252 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus at 48 hr | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1101070 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00001 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID1101071 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality after 24 to 48 hr | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID1101083 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID503558 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as unsaturated C24:1 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1101169 | Resistance index, ratio of LC50 for organophosphate-resistant clone of Schizaphis graminum OR1 adult or last-instar nymphs to LC50 for organophosphate-susceptible clone of Schizaphis graminum OSS adult or last-instar nymphs | 2000 | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct, Volume: 48, Issue:10 | Comparative toxicity of selected organophosphate insecticides against resistant and susceptible clones of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: aphididae). |
| AID1103703 | Nematicidal activity against J3 juveniles of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora assessed as mortality at 200 mg/l after 168 hr relative to control | 2008 | Pest management science, Jun, Volume: 64, Issue:6 | Nematicidal activity of anion transport blockers against Meloidogyne incognita, Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. |
| AID1104923 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cucumber leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID503547 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as anandamide level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1102514 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m'2 after 48 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID503557 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as saturated C24:0 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID681497 | TP_TRANSPORTER: Immunohistochemisty in vivo, stomach of Fischer 344 rat | 1996 | Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Mar, Volume: 47, Issue:4 | Chlorpyrifos oxon interacts with the mammalian multidrug resistance protein, P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1105275 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi R2 in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID503575 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as saturated C18:0 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID503744 | Inhibition of MAGL activity in KIAA1363-deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain at 100 mg/kg, ip | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1092099 | Insecticidal activity against Lipaphis erysimi (mustard aphids) assessed as insect mortality at 300 mg/mL | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21 | Homo- and hetero-dimers of inactive organophosphorous group binding at dual sites of AChE. |
| AID977599 | Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM | 2013 | Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6 | Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors. |
| AID1101082 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00001 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID1101172 | Insecticidal activity against organophosphate-susceptible clone of Schizaphis graminum OSS adult or last-instar nymphs assessed as insect mortality after 8 hr | 2000 | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct, Volume: 48, Issue:10 | Comparative toxicity of selected organophosphate insecticides against resistant and susceptible clones of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: aphididae). |
| AID1103260 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00001 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1111076 | Insecticidal activity against Popillia japonica assessed as mortality after 20 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID682146 | TP_TRANSPORTER: Immunohistochemisty in vivo, liver of Fischer 344 rat | 1996 | Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Mar, Volume: 47, Issue:4 | Chlorpyrifos oxon interacts with the mammalian multidrug resistance protein, P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1102509 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID503574 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as saturated C18:0 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID503746 | Inhibition of FAAH activity in KIAA1363-deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain at 100 mg/kg, ip | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1111181 | Cross resistant, ratio of LC50 for B-biotype thiamethoxam-resistant Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) to LC50 for B-biotype thiamethoxam-sensitive Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1103701 | Nematicidal activity against J3 juveniles of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora assessed as mortality at 200 mg/l after 24 hr relative to control | 2008 | Pest management science, Jun, Volume: 64, Issue:6 | Nematicidal activity of anion transport blockers against Meloidogyne incognita, Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. |
| AID1102513 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m'2 after 48 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID379116 | Insecticidal activity against insecticide-susceptible Blattella germanica Jwax fifth instars | 1999 | Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 62, Issue:3 | Annonaceous acetogenins: recent progress. |
| AID1111079 | Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 30 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111263 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 787.5 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 7 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1111086 | Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 10 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1101084 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m2 after 24 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID503550 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as N-palmitoyl-ethanolamine level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID379118 | Ratio of LT50 for Blattella germanica Muncie second instars to LT50 for Blattella germanica Jwax second instars | 1999 | Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 62, Issue:3 | Annonaceous acetogenins: recent progress. |
| AID1111271 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 1 day relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID379114 | Insecticidal activity against insecticide-susceptible Blattella germanica Jwax second instars | 1999 | Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 62, Issue:3 | Annonaceous acetogenins: recent progress. |
| AID1104924 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cotton leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1102522 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m'2 after 24 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID1111183 | Insecticidal activity against B-biotype thiamethoxam-sensitive Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) in cabbage leaf assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf disk assay | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Cross-resistance study and biochemical mechanisms of thiamethoxam resistance in B-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID1101073 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m2 after 48 hr relative to control | 2000 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8 | Antifungal activity of Hinokitiol-related compounds on wood-rotting fungi and their insecticidal activities. |
| AID344083 | Insecticidal activity against houseflies | 2008 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 51, Issue:14 | Potency and selectivity of trifluoroacetylimino and pyrazinoylimino nicotinic insecticides and their fit at a unique binding site niche. |
| AID503555 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as saturated C22:0 lipid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1103261 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1103268 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1101168 | Resistance index, ratio of LC50 for organophosphate-resistant clone of Schizaphis graminum OR2 adult or last-instar nymphs to LC50 for organophosphate-susceptible clone of Schizaphis graminum OSS adult or last-instar nymphs | 2000 | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct, Volume: 48, Issue:10 | Comparative toxicity of selected organophosphate insecticides against resistant and susceptible clones of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: aphididae). |
| AID1111266 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 787.5 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 7 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1111264 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 14 days measured after 3 days relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1104920 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested cabbage leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID503553 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as saturated C20:0 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1111083 | Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 10 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1104861 | Selectivity ratio of LC50 for Diaphorina citri to LC50 for Diaphorina citri infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection on susceptibility of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, to selected insecticides. |
| AID1102520 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m'2 after 24 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID1101170 | Insecticidal activity against organophosphate-resistant clone of Schizaphis graminum OR2 adult or last-instar nymphs assessed as insect mortality after 8 hr | 2000 | Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct, Volume: 48, Issue:10 | Comparative toxicity of selected organophosphate insecticides against resistant and susceptible clones of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Homoptera: aphididae). |
| AID1105277 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi TOR in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID503562 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as N-palmitoyl-ethanolamine level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID681500 | TP_TRANSPORTER: Immunohistochemisty in vivo, adrenals of Fischer 344 rat | 1996 | Journal of toxicology and environmental health, Mar, Volume: 47, Issue:4 | Chlorpyrifos oxon interacts with the mammalian multidrug resistance protein, P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1092102 | Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in Drosophila melanogaster brain by Ellman's method | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21 | Homo- and hetero-dimers of inactive organophosphorous group binding at dual sites of AChE. |
| AID1092101 | Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase in Musca domestica (house fly) brain by Ellman's method | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21 | Homo- and hetero-dimers of inactive organophosphorous group binding at dual sites of AChE. |
| AID503745 | Inhibition of MAGL activity in KIAA1363-expressing Swiss Webster mouse at 100 mg/kg, ip | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1111082 | Insecticidal activity against Anomala orientalis assessed as mortality after 20 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID503556 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in Swiss Webster mouse brain expressing KIAA1363 gene assessed as unsaturated C22:6 lipid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1104863 | Insecticidal activity against Diaphorina citri infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus assessed as mortality after 48 hr | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Effect of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus infection on susceptibility of Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, to selected insecticides. |
| AID503561 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as arachidonic acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1111085 | Insecticidal activity against Amphimallon majalis (European chafer) assessed as mortality after 20 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID379117 | Insecticidal activity against insecticide-resistant Blattella germanica Muncie fifth instars | 1999 | Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 62, Issue:3 | Annonaceous acetogenins: recent progress. |
| AID1102516 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00050 g/m'2 after 48 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID680519 | TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Doxorubicin efflux (Doxorubicin: 50 uM, Chlorpyrifos: 250 uM) in MDR1-expressing B16/F10 cells | 1996 | Toxicology and applied pharmacology, Nov, Volume: 141, Issue:1 | Interaction of structurally diverse pesticides with the human MDR1 gene product P-glycoprotein. |
| AID503564 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as unsaturated C18:2 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1103262 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00005 g/m'2 at 48 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1104925 | Insecticidal activity against Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly) infested poinsettia leaves assessed as mortality after 48 hr by leaf dip method | 2011 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 67, Issue:1 | Induction effects of host plants on insecticide susceptibility and detoxification enzymes of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). |
| AID503566 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as unsaturated C20:4 fatty acid level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID503747 | Inhibition of FAAH activity in KIAA1363-expressing Swiss Webster mouse brain at 100 mg/kg, ip | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID503559 | Disruption of endocannabinoid metabolism in KIAA1363 deficient Swiss Webster mouse brain assessed as anandamide level per gram of tissue at 100 mg/kg, ip after 4 hrs | 2008 | Nature chemical biology, Jun, Volume: 4, Issue:6 | Activation of the endocannabinoid system by organophosphorus nerve agents. |
| AID1111268 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as overwintered female mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 7 days measured after 1 day relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1103266 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1111269 | Insecticidal activity against adult of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as reduction of progeny per female at 787.5 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 7 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID1092100 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus cinnabarinus (carmine spider mite) assessed as insect mortality at 300 mg/mL | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 21, Issue:21 | Homo- and hetero-dimers of inactive organophosphorous group binding at dual sites of AChE. |
| AID1102519 | Insecticidal activity against Coptotermes formosanus assessed as mortality at 0.00001 g/m'2 after 24 hr | 2003 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Oct, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Biological activity of tropolone. |
| AID1103264 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00010 g/m'2 at 24 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1112038 | Insecticidal activity against third-instar larvae of fufenozide-susceptible Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth) assessed as mortality by leaf-dip bioassay method | 2012 | Pest management science, Feb, Volume: 68, Issue:2 | Cross-resistance patterns and fitness in fufenozide-resistant diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). |
| AID1105276 | Insecticidal activity against Tetranychus evansi R1 in clean French bean leaf assessed as mortality at 26 degC and 16 hr day length measured after 48 hr by microimmersion protocol | 2011 | Pest management science, Aug, Volume: 67, Issue:8 | Pyrethroid resistance in the tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi, is associated with mutation of the para-type sodium channel. |
| AID1111080 | Insecticidal activity against Maladera castanea assessed as mortality after 10 days | 2010 | Pest management science, Jan, Volume: 66, Issue:1 | Variation in the laboratory susceptibility of turf-infesting white grubs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to biological, biorational and chemical control products. |
| AID1111232 | Insecticidal activity against young stage of Cacopsylla melanoneura in apple plant assessed as mortality at 787.5 g/ha treated for 1 hr measured after 7 days relative to control | 2010 | Pest management science, Mar, Volume: 66, Issue:3 | Effectiveness of five insecticides for the control of adults and young stages of Cacopsylla melanoneura (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in a semi-field trial. |
| AID379119 | Ratio of LT50 for Blattella germanica Muncie fifth instars to LT50 for Blattella germanica Jwax fifth instars | 1999 | Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 62, Issue:3 | Annonaceous acetogenins: recent progress. |
| AID1103265 | Insecticidal activity against Reticulitermes speratus assessed as mortality at 0.00025 g/m'2 at 48 hr relative to control | 2004 | Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin, Jun, Volume: 27, Issue:6 | Biological activity of alpha-thujaplicin, the isomer of hinokitiol. |
| AID1159607 | Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction | 2016 | Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6 | A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway. |
| AID1159550 | Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening | 2015 | Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11 | 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 487 (9.20) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 330 (6.23) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 1134 (21.42) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 2028 (38.30) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1316 (24.85) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (59.67) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 25 (0.45%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 165 (2.99%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 78 (1.41%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 7 (0.13%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 5,241 (95.01%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||