Page last updated: 2024-12-11

veratrine

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Veratrine: A voltage-gated sodium channel activator. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID5380394
CHEMBL ID2163790
CHEBI ID184034
SCHEMBL ID117846
MeSH IDM0022612

Synonyms (43)

Synonym
veratrine
(z)-4-alpha,9-epoxycevane-3-beta,4,12,14,16-beta,17,20-heptol 3-(2-methyl-2-butenoate)
veratrine (crystallized) (van)
cevane-3-beta,4-beta,12,14,16-beta,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-(2-methylcrotonate), (z)-
cevane-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-(2-methyl-2-butenoate), (3beta(z),4alpha,16beta)-
brn 0072445
nsc 93767
cevane-3beta,4beta,12,14,16beta,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-(2-methylcrotonate), (z)-
einecs 200-545-6
SPECTRUM5_000608
IDI1_000856
SPECTRUM5_000732
NCGC00178282-02
NCGC00178282-01
cevadene
veratrine (crystallized)
nsc-93767
BSPBIO_002258
NSC93767 ,
cevadine
62-59-9
cevadin
8051-02-3
BSPBIO_003121
CHEBI:184034
[(1r,2s,6s,9s,10r,11s,12s,14r,15s,18s,19s,22s,23s,25r)-1,10,11,12,14,23-hexahydroxy-6,10,19-trimethyl-24-oxa-4-azaheptacyclo[12.12.0.02,11.04,9.015,25.018,23.019,25]hexacosan-22-yl] (z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate
S3250
CHEMBL2163790
4-21-00-06820 (beilstein handbook reference)
erq7m6c50b ,
cevane-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-((2z)-2-methyl-2-butenoate), (3beta,4alpha,16beta)-
unii-erq7m6c50b
cevadine [who-dd]
cevane-3.beta.,4.beta.,12,14,16.beta.,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-(2-methylcrotonate), (z)-
cevane-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-(2-methyl-2-butenoate), (3.beta.(z),4.alpha.,16.beta.)-
cevadine [mi]
(3.beta.,4.alpha.,16.beta.)-4,9-epoxycevane-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-heptol 3-((2z)-2-methyl-2-butenoate)
cevane-3,4,12,14,16,17,20-heptol, 4,9-epoxy-, 3-((2z)-2-methyl-2-butenoate), (3.beta.,4.alpha.,16.beta.)-
SCHEMBL117846
Q27277329
CS-0891660
HY-N12093
AKOS040734629

Research Excerpts

Effects

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Protoveratrine has effects on the amino acid pattern resembling that due to an increase in the K(+)/Ca(++) ratio."( Effects of veratrine and cocaine on cerebral carbohydrate-amino acid interrelations.
KINI, MM; QUASTEL, JH, 1960
)
1.08

Actions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Veratrine was shown to activate and tetrodotoxin to inhibit Na22 efflux from proteoliposomes, while Rb86 efflux was not affected by the drugs used."( [Reconstruction of tetrodotoxin-dependent passive transport structures in liposomes].
Chagovets, AM; Lishko, VK; Malysheva, MK, 1979
)
0.98

Treatment

Veratrine pre-treatment blocked lamotrigine-induced immobility decrease and swimming increase. Veratrine pretreatment increased the maximal density of the glutamate uptake sites without affecting the affinity for glutamate.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Veratrine pre-treatment blocked lamotrigine-induced immobility decrease and swimming increase but it did not change the effect of lamotrigine on climbing."( Veratrine blocks the lamotrigine-induced swimming increase and immobility decrease in the modified forced swimming test.
Andreatini, R; Codagnone, FT; Consoni, FT; Rodrigues, AL; Vital, MA, 2007
)
2.5
"Veratrine pretreatment increased the maximal density of the glutamate uptake sites without affecting the affinity for glutamate."( Depolarization increases chloride-dependent glutamate sequestration in synaptic membranes of rat cerebral cortex.
Baba, A; Iwata, H; Koyama, Y, 1989
)
1
"Veratrine treatment caused different effect in the presence and in the absence of sodium ions, demonstrating the essential role of Na+ in equilibrium with Ca2+ exchange processes/ATPases in the Ca2+ uptake and release by sarcoplasmic reticulum."( Changes of calcium compartmentalization of skeletal muscle under ionic and drug influence.
Fülöp, I; Jóna, I; Kövér, A, 1988
)
1
"Treatment with veratrine (1x10(-4) g/ml) could decrease the tension of contraction induced by norepinephrine (1x10(-6) M) or phenylephrine (1x10(-4) M)."( Effects of veratrine and paeoniflorin on the isolated rat aorta.
Chen, CF; Chen, YF; Lin, YT; Tsai, CH; Tsai, HY, 1999
)
1.03

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"LS diet induces the activation of the renin-angiotensin system, which increases oxidative stress via the NADPH oxidase and attenuates NO bioavailability in the heart."( Potential mechanisms of low-sodium diet-induced cardiac disease: superoxide-NO in the heart.
Hintze, TH; Kaley, G; Kaminski, PM; Ojaimi, C; Recchia, FA; Skayian, Y; Suematsu, N; Sun, D; Wang, Z; Wolin, MS; Xu, X; Zhang, S, 2010
)
0.36

Dosage Studied

Using the guinea-pig flank model we have constructed dose-response curves to three structurally related pyrethroids and a mixture of veratrum alkaloids (veratrine) After exercise training, the dose- response curve of CBF in response to veratrine was shifted to the left. 5 micrograms/kg of ver atrine increased CBF by 101 +/- 12% (P < .

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"53% of total tissue content, showed parallelism when serial dilutions were compared to the immunoassay dose-response curve and eluted similarly to synthetic somatostatin on Sephadex G-25 (f) chromatography."( Immunoreactive somatostatin release from rat spinal cord in vitro.
Adams, C; Kronheim, S; Pimstone, B; Sheppard, M, 1979
)
0.26
" Using the guinea-pig flank model which has been developed to study this cutaneous phenomenon we have constructed dose-response curves to three structurally related pyrethroids (permethrin, cypermethrin and deltamethrin) and to a mixture of veratrum alkaloids (veratrine)."( A quantitative assessment of pyrethroid-induced paraesthesia in the guinea-pig flank model.
Brock, JA; McKillop, CM; Oliver, GJ; Rhodes, C, 1987
)
0.45
" However, the effect of carbamazepine (100 microM) on the respective dose-response curves suggests that the mechanism of inhibition of the carbachol response differs from the inhibition of the histamine and veratrin responses."( Inhibition of agonist-stimulated inositol lipid metabolism by the anticonvulsant carbamazepine in rat hippocampus.
Logan, SD; McDermott, EE, 1989
)
0.28
" The potentiated levels of [3H]IP were strongly dependent on K+ concentration and displayed a dose-response relationship with the agonist."( Potentiation of [3H]inositol phosphate formation by receptor activation and membrane depolarization in brain cortical slices (I).
Atlas, D; Diamant, S, 1989
)
0.28
" The dose-response curve of the GABA-evoked catecholamine release was shifted to the left by midazolam without affecting the maximal response to GABA."( Benzodiazepines facilitate the stimulatory action of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on basal and veratridine-evoked catecholamine release from cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells.
Dohi, T; Kitayama, S; Morita, K; Tsujimoto, A,
)
0.13
" After exercise training, the dose-response curve of CBF in response to veratrine was shifted to the left; eg, 5 micrograms/kg of veratrine increased CBF by 101 +/- 12% (P < ."( Short-term exercise training enhances reflex cholinergic nitric oxide-dependent coronary vasodilation in conscious dogs.
Hintze, TH; Ochoa, M; Xu, X; Zhang, X; Zhao, G, 1997
)
0.53
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
alkaloidAny of the naturally occurring, basic nitrogen compounds (mostly heterocyclic) occurring mostly in the plant kingdom, but also found in bacteria, fungi, and animals. By extension, certain neutral compounds biogenetically related to basic alkaloids are also classed as alkaloids. Amino acids, peptides, proteins, nucleotides, nucleic acids, amino sugars and antibiotics are not normally regarded as alkaloids. Compounds in which the nitrogen is exocyclic (dopamine, mescaline, serotonin, etc.) are usually classed as amines rather than alkaloids.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (8)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1503774Cytotoxicity against human HL cells assessed as cell viability at 50 uM after 72 hrs by resazurin dye based fluorescence assay relative to control2017Journal of natural products, 10-27, Volume: 80, Issue:10
Identification of Privileged Antichlamydial Natural Products by a Ligand-Based Strategy.
AID977599Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1503775Antichlamydial activity against Chlamydia pneumoniae K7 infected in HL cells assessed as chlamydial inhibition at 50 uM after 70 hrs by fluorescent microscopic analysis2017Journal of natural products, 10-27, Volume: 80, Issue:10
Identification of Privileged Antichlamydial Natural Products by a Ligand-Based Strategy.
AID697852Inhibition of electric eel AChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID697853Inhibition of horse BChE at 2 mg/ml by Ellman's method2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22
Exploration of natural compounds as sources of new bifunctional scaffolds targeting cholinesterases and beta amyloid aggregation: the case of chelerythrine.
AID977602Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1159550Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening2015Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
AID1159607Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction2016Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (765)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-1990632 (82.61)18.7374
1990's84 (10.98)18.2507
2000's31 (4.05)29.6817
2010's16 (2.09)24.3611
2020's2 (0.26)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 31.76

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index31.76 (24.57)
Research Supply Index6.70 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.07 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index46.22 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (31.76)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1 (0.12%)5.53%
Reviews10 (1.24%)6.00%
Case Studies3 (0.37%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other794 (98.27%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]