hippuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4591 [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
N-benzoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as benzoyl. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 464 |
| CHEMBL ID | 461 |
| CHEBI ID | 18089 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 7486 |
| MeSH ID | M0096457 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| BIDD:ER0490 |
| hippuric acid, na |
| te0865n2et , |
| acido ippurico |
| 4-09-00-00778 (beilstein handbook reference) |
| unii-te0865n2et |
| F2111-0036 |
| hippursaeure |
| benzamidoessigsaeure |
| benzoylaminoessigsaeure |
| CHEBI:18089 , |
| SDCCGMLS-0064636.P001 |
| TIMTEC1_002805 |
| OPREA1_492747 |
| einecs 207-806-3 |
| brn 1073987 |
| ai3-01062 |
| n-benzoyl-glycin |
| nsc 9982 |
| acido ippurico [italian] |
| phenylcarbonylaminoacetic acid |
| nsc-9982 |
| benzamidoacetic acid |
| acetic acid, (benzoylamino)- |
| benzoylglycine |
| nsc9982 |
| glycine, n-benzoyl- |
| OPREA1_124422 |
| MLS001074359 |
| smr000112115 |
| 2-benzamidoacetic acid |
| acetic acid,benzamide hippuric acid |
| inchi=1/c9h9no3/c11-8(12)6-10-9(13)7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5h,6h2,(h,10,13)(h,11,12 |
| hippurate |
| hippuric acid |
| benzoylaminoacetic acid |
| 495-69-2 |
| n-benzoylglycine |
| C01586 |
| NCGC00159486-02 |
| NCGC00159486-03 |
| NCGC00159486-04 |
| n-(phenylcarbonyl)glycine |
| STK011394 |
| hippuric acid, 98% |
| HMS1541P11 |
| 37C5E4E2-F7A0-451C-A041-5C9A71D92FA7 |
| AKOS000118897 |
| BMSE000408 |
| CHEMBL461 , |
| FT-0660260 |
| H0143 |
| bdbm50009999 |
| 2-(phenylformamido)acetic acid |
| BBL008217 |
| dtxcid7026073 |
| tox21_111710 |
| cas-495-69-2 |
| dtxsid9046073 , |
| HMS2230I23 |
| (benzoylamino)acetic acid |
| FT-0627072 |
| S11321 |
| methylaminolevulinate hydrochloride impurity h [ep impurity] |
| hippuricum acidum [hpus] |
| hippuricum acidum |
| hippuric acid [mi] |
| hippuric acid [inci] |
| S5618 |
| HMS3373I07 |
| AB00375781-06 |
| n-benzoyl glycine |
| n-benzoyl-glycine |
| benzoylamino-acetic acid |
| SCHEMBL7486 |
| tox21_111710_1 |
| NCGC00159486-06 |
| benzoylglycocoll |
| benzoylglycin |
| benzenecarboxamide, n-carboxymethyl- |
| cambridge id 5116993 |
| Q-201204 |
| 66407-11-2 |
| 2-benzamidoaceticacid |
| BS-3968 |
| mfcd00002692 |
| hippuric acid, puriss., 99.0% |
| bz-gly-oh |
| phenylcarbonylaminoacetate |
| (benzoylamino)-acetate |
| benzamidoacetate |
| (benzoylamino)-acetic acid |
| HY-W016562 |
| CS-W017278 |
| 2-benzamidoethanoic acid |
| 2-benzamidoacetic acid;n-benzoylglycine;glycine, n-benzoyl- |
| BCP25964 |
| Q412803 |
| hippuric acid,(s) |
| bzo-gly-oh |
| EN300-16768 |
| hippuric-acid |
| AMY39522 |
| n-benzoyl(d5) glycine |
| CCG-266415 |
| benzoyl glycine |
| hippuricacid |
| hippuricacid-13c6 |
| methylaminolevulinate hydrochloride impurity h (ep impurity) |
| benzoylaminoethanoic acid |
Hippuric acid (HA) is a colonic metabolite of (-)-epicatechin (EPI), the primary bioactive compound of cocoa. It may be responsible for the associations between cocoa supplementation and muscle metabolic alterations.
Hippuric acid has been a major human metabolite for years. It is recognized as a potential marker of uremic toxicity in chronic renal failure.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Hippuric acid has been a major human metabolite for years. " | ( Health consequences of catabolic synthesis of hippuric acid in humans. Pero, RW, 2010) | 2.06 |
| "Hippuric acid has been recognized as a potential marker of uremic toxicity in chronic renal failure. " | ( Correlation of a colorimetric and a HPLC method for the determination of serum hippuric acid concentrations in uremia. De Smet, R; Ringoir, S; Schoots, A; Vanholder, R, 1988) | 1.95 |
| "Hippuric acid has been a major human metabolite for years. " | ( Health consequences of catabolic synthesis of hippuric acid in humans. Pero, RW, 2010) | 2.06 |
| "Hippuric acid has been recognized as a potential marker of uremic toxicity in chronic renal failure. " | ( Correlation of a colorimetric and a HPLC method for the determination of serum hippuric acid concentrations in uremia. De Smet, R; Ringoir, S; Schoots, A; Vanholder, R, 1988) | 1.95 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " It is concluded that some of the protein binding inhibitors have toxic effects on cell function of various tissues and play a role in pathophysiology of uremia." | ( [Study on the uremic protein binding inhibitors as uremic toxin: toxic effect on erythroid colony formation, lymphocyte blast formation and renal function]. Kawashima, Y, 1989) | 0.28 |
| " The related aldehyde, alcohol and esters are all more toxic than cinnamic acid." | ( The occurrence, metabolism and toxicity of cinnamic acid and related compounds. Hoskins, JA, 1984) | 0.27 |
| "Thallium (Tl) is a toxic heavy metal and its exposure to the human body causes physiological and biochemical changes due to its interference with potassium-dependent biological reactions." | ( Study of acute biochemical effects of thallium toxicity in mouse urine by NMR spectroscopy. Bhatnagar, D; Chaturvedi, S; Devi, MM; Khan, AR; Khushu, S; Rana, P; Tripathi, RP; Tyagi, R, 2011) | 0.37 |
The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of BOH and its metabolites benzoic acid and hippuric acid. A sensitive, specific, and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method was developed.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Numerous experimental data obtained in the studies of factors influencing the transfer of model drugs (diazepam, inulin, hippurate) into the lymphatic system were evaluated using compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis." | ( On pharmacokinetic evaluation of model drugs distribution into rat central lymph. Lamka, J; Rudisar, L, ) | 0.13 |
| " In the 7 control subjects, the mean level (+/- SEM) of Cmax for serum benzoate was 104." | ( Clinical significance of benzoate-metabolizing capacity in patients with chronic liver disease: pharmacokinetic analysis. Amisaki, T; Fujii, T; Hasegawa, M; Hoshino, U; Kobayashi, J; Suou, T; Tabuchi, F; Takayama, M; Yamada, S; Yamamoto, T, 1992) | 0.28 |
| "Two interactive computer programs, INTRAV and ORAL, were written to permit pharmacokinetic modeling of experimental data and to obtain pertinent values based on derived estimates." | ( INTRAV and ORAL: BASIC interactive computer programs for estimating pharmacokinetic parameters. Hunter, S; Valentine, JL, 1985) | 0.27 |
| "This paper demonstrates that the stable isotope tracer technique using NMR spectroscopy and the selective 13C labeling of protonated carbons can provide a relatively sensitive method to investigate pharmacokinetic problems in man." | ( Use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and selective C-labeling for pharmacokinetic research in man: detection of benzoic acid conversion to hippuric acid. Akira, K; Baba, S; Imachi, M; Suzuki, H, 1995) | 0.49 |
| "1 T, 92 MHz 2H frequency) in a simple pharmacokinetic problem has now been investigated using selectively deuterated benzoic acid (BA) as a model." | ( High-field deuterium nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic monitoring of the pharmacokinetics of selectively deuterated benzoic acid in man. Akira, K; Caddick, ST; Farrant, RD; Lindon, JC; Nicholls, AW; Nicholson, JK, 1994) | 0.29 |
| " In general, this tracer technique has the potential for wide application to pharmacokinetic research since xenobiotic and endogenous metabolism can be followed by very simple and convenient procedures." | ( Application of 13C-labeling and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to pharmacokinetic research: measurement of metabolic rate of benzoic acid to hippuric acid in the rat. Akira, K; Baba, S; Shindo, H; Takagi, N; Takeo, S, 1993) | 0.49 |
| "A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model, containing a skin compartment, was derived and used to simulate experimentally determined exposure to m-xylene, using human volunteers exposed under controlled conditions." | ( Estimation of the dermal absorption of m-xylene vapor in humans using breath sampling and physiologically based pharmacokinetic analysis. Akrill, P; Cocker, J; Dyne, D; Jones, K; Loizou, GD, 1999) | 0.3 |
| " Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from the plasma concentration-time data." | ( Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cinnamic acid after oral administration of Ramulus Cinnamomi in rats. Chen, Y; Ma, W; Ma, Y, ) | 0.13 |
| " A sensitive, specific, and validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of cinnamic acid, hippuric acid, paeoniflorin, and glycyrrhetic acid in rat." | ( Pharmacokinetic study of multiple active constituents after oral gavage of Guizhi decoction in rats using a LC-MS/MS method. Chen, Y; Gao, C; Ma, Y; Qiu, F, 2013) | 0.58 |
| " This study investigated the pharmacokinetic profiles of thiamine and its phosphorylated metabolites after single- and multiple-dose administration of benfotiamine in healthy Chinese volunteers, and assessed the bioavailability of orally benfotiamine administration compared to thiamine hydrochloride." | ( Pharmacokinetic study of benfotiamine and the bioavailability assessment compared to thiamine hydrochloride. Cheng, Z; Gu, Z; Guo, X; Li, S; Liu, X; Xie, F; Yu, P, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " The aim of this study was to determine the pharmacokinetic profiles of BOH and its metabolites benzoic acid and hippuric acid simultaneously in serum to estimate the BOH release out of the depot." | ( Pharmacokinetics in Elderly Women of Benzyl Alcohol From an Oil Depot. El Amrani, M; Kalicharan, R; Schot, P; Vromans, H, 2016) | 0.65 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " In Study A, four males were exposed to clean air and to constant and varying concentrations of toluene in combination with rest and with 100 W exercise in 140 min." | ( Toluene metabolism during exposure to varying concentrations combined with exercise. Andersen, NT; Baelum, J; Døssing, M; Hansen, SH; Lundqvist, GR, 1987) | 0.27 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " The estimated oral bioavailability of CNMA was less than 20% for both the 250 and 500 mg/kg doses." | ( Toxicokinetics of cinnamaldehyde in F344 rats. Bucher, JR; Dieter, MP; Jameson, CW; Yuan, JH, 1992) | 0.28 |
| " Administration of 6-MP with 20% (w/v) sodium benzoate to rat rectum resulted in enhanced absorption and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve was comparable to that obtained by intravenous administration (bioavailability = 100%), while the bioavailability after intrarectal administration of 6-MP with 20% (w/v) sodium hippurate was only 9%." | ( Improvement of aqueous solubility and rectal absorption of 6-mercaptopurine by addition of sodium benzoate. Kimura, T; Takeichi, Y, 1994) | 0.29 |
| "PABA is well absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and acetylated and conjugated in the liver to glycine before being excreted." | ( Preliminary assessment of glycine conjugation of para-aminobenzoic acid as a quantitative test of liver function. Barr, SB; Duffy, LF; Kerzner, B; Seeff, L; Soldin, SJ, 1995) | 0.29 |
| " The bioavailability and biotransformation of tea flavonoids are, however, not clearly understood." | ( Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic based studies of the metabolism of black tea polyphenols in humans. Dachtler, M; Daykin, CA; Groenewegen, A; Mulder, TP; Van Amelsvoort, JM; Van Duynhoven, JP, 2005) | 0.33 |
| " The AUC(0-t) and AUC(0-infinity)) of CA were higher in RC group than those in pure CA group and the bioavailability of CA from RC was higher than that from pure CA." | ( Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of cinnamic acid after oral administration of Ramulus Cinnamomi in rats. Chen, Y; Ma, W; Ma, Y, ) | 0.13 |
| " This study investigated the pharmacokinetic profiles of thiamine and its phosphorylated metabolites after single- and multiple-dose administration of benfotiamine in healthy Chinese volunteers, and assessed the bioavailability of orally benfotiamine administration compared to thiamine hydrochloride." | ( Pharmacokinetic study of benfotiamine and the bioavailability assessment compared to thiamine hydrochloride. Cheng, Z; Gu, Z; Guo, X; Li, S; Liu, X; Xie, F; Yu, P, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " To study the influence of the microbiota on the bioavailability of naringenin, a group of animals received the antibiotic rifaximin (50 mg/kg per d) for 5 d, and naringenin permeability was determined in the colon." | ( High gastrointestinal permeability and local metabolism of naringenin: influence of antibiotic treatment on absorption and metabolism. Escribano-Ferrer, E; Lamuela-Raventos, RM; Martínez-Huélamo, M; Orrego-Lagarón, N; Vallverdú-Queralt, A, 2015) | 0.42 |
| " Many flavonoids have poor bioavailability and thus low circulating concentrations." | ( Common gut microbial metabolites of dietary flavonoids exert potent protective activities in β-cells and skeletal muscle cells. Allen, ME; Bitner, BF; Brown, DA; Fausnacht, DW; Herring, JA; Hulver, MW; Johnson, DK; Kener, KB; McMillan, RP; Neilson, AP; Ray, JD; Tellez Freitas, CM; Tessem, JS; Thomson, AH; Tueller, JA; Weber, KS, 2018) | 0.48 |
| "The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs." | ( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " With slope-ratio assay using ADG and urinary hippuric acid as dependent variables and benzoic acid intake as an independent variable, the relative bioavailability of benzoic acid compared to sodium benzoate was not different." | ( Comparative effects of benzoic acid and sodium benzoate in diets for nursery pigs on growth performance and acidification of digesta and urine. Chen, Y; Choi, H; Kim, SW; Longo, F, 2023) | 1.17 |
Hippuric acid was dosed to check the toluene metabolism during the experiments.
| Role | Description |
|---|---|
| uremic toxin | A toxin that accumulates in patients with chronic kidney disease. |
| human blood serum metabolite | Any metabolite (endogenous or exogenous) found in human blood serum samples. |
| [role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| N-acylglycine | An N-acyl-amino acid in which amino acid specified is glycine. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Pathway | Proteins | Compounds |
|---|---|---|
| Flavan-3-ol metabolic pathway | 0 | 70 |
| Amino acid conjugation of benzoic acid | 0 | 9 |
| Glucose homeostasis | 0 | 21 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 21.1317 | 0.0060 | 38.0041 | 19,952.5996 | AID1159521 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 33.4915 | 0.0007 | 14.5928 | 83.7951 | AID1259369 |
| Smad3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.3096 | 0.0052 | 7.8098 | 29.0929 | AID588855 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 4.2163 | 0.0054 | 28.0263 | 1,258.9301 | AID1346982 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 5.3080 | 0.0002 | 29.3054 | 16,493.5996 | AID743080 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.3162 | 0.8913 | 12.0676 | 28.1838 | AID1487 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 27.5000 | 1.6000 | 5.7440 | 10.0000 | AID598875 |
| Dihydrofolate reductase | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 17,000.0000 | 0.0000 | 0.3756 | 4.9000 | AID1660990 |
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 (µMol) | 330.0000 | 0.0004 | 1.8773 | 10.0000 | AID34945; AID34965 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 20.0000 | 0.2700 | 4.5306 | 9.9000 | AID682036 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 66.0000 | 0.0300 | 3.2043 | 7.8200 | AID598876 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 20 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 310.5150 | 1.1000 | 6.6789 | 9.1201 | AID360149 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 8 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 31.0000 | 0.0400 | 4.2297 | 9.0000 | AID679676 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Ki | 55.8114 | 0.4074 | 5.0217 | 9.4000 | AID360150; AID598880 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 8 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 19.0000 | 3.0900 | 5.5400 | 9.1000 | AID679632 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Km | 28.0000 | 0.5700 | 1.3350 | 2.1000 | AID681743 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Km | 24.0000 | 0.4200 | 4.6183 | 9.3000 | AID678998 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID360150 | Inhibition of mouse Oat1-mediated [3H]PAH uptake in Xenopus oocytes after 1 hr | 2007 | The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-17, Volume: 282, Issue:33 | Structural variation governs substrate specificity for organic anion transporter (OAT) homologs. Potential remote sensing by OAT family members. |
| AID681743 | TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in Oat1-expressing HEK293 cell | 2004 | Kidney international, Jan, Volume: 65, Issue:1 | Characterization of uremic toxin transport by organic anion transporters in the kidney. |
| AID360149 | Inhibition of mouse Oat6-mediated [3H]ES uptake in Xenopus oocytes after 1 hr | 2007 | The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-17, Volume: 282, Issue:33 | Structural variation governs substrate specificity for organic anion transporter (OAT) homologs. Potential remote sensing by OAT family members. |
| AID598875 | Inhibition of rat Oat1 expressed in pig LLC-PK11 cells | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11 | Elucidation of common pharmacophores from analysis of targeted metabolites transported by the multispecific drug transporter-Organic anion transporter1 (Oat1). |
| AID681394 | TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Indoxyl sulfate uptake (indoxyl sulfate: 2 uM, Hippurate: 1000 uM) in Xenopus laevis oocytes | 2002 | Kidney international, May, Volume: 61, Issue:5 | Major role of organic anion transporter 3 in the transport of indoxyl sulfate in the kidney. |
| AID26797 | Partition coefficient (logP) | 1987 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 30, Issue:10 | Quantitative structure-activity relationships of the bitter thresholds of amino acids, peptides, and their derivatives. |
| AID447578 | Inhibition of HDAC in human Hela cells nuclear extracts assessed as residual activity at 500 uM by fluorimetric assay | 2009 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 17, Issue:14 | Molecular modifications on carboxylic acid derivatives as potent histone deacetylase inhibitors: Activity and docking studies. |
| AID412638 | Inhibition of human kynureninase at 1 mM | 2009 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-22, Volume: 52, Issue:2 | Crystal structure of the Homo sapiens kynureninase-3-hydroxyhippuric acid inhibitor complex: insights into the molecular basis of kynureninase substrate specificity. |
| AID679530 | TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PAH uptake (Hippurate: 200 uM) in OAT1-expressing HeLa cells | 1999 | The American journal of physiology, 02, Volume: 276, Issue:2 | Cloning of the human kidney PAH transporter: narrow substrate specificity and regulation by protein kinase C. |
| AID34965 | Inhibitory activity against aldose reductase in rat lens | 1991 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7 | Relative structure-inhibition analyses of the N-benzoyl and N-(phenylsulfonyl) amino acid aldose reductase inhibitors. |
| AID1660990 | Inhibition of human DHFR in presence of DHF and NADPH by UV-vis spectrometry by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis | 2020 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-13, Volume: 63, Issue:15 | The Structural Basis for Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Inhibition of Human Dihydrofolate Reductase. |
| AID34945 | Inhibition of aldose reductase from rat lens. Value ranges from 280 - 490 | 1989 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 32, Issue:5 | Synthesis and in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity of compounds containing an N-acylglycine moiety. |
| AID197601 | Lysozyme-conjugated prodrugs: in vitro stability at pH 7.4 | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-03, Volume: 35, Issue:7 | Low molecular weight proteins as carriers for renal drug targeting. Preparation of drug-protein conjugates and drug-spacer derivatives and their catabolism in renal cortex homogenates and lysosomal lysates. |
| AID679632 | TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of benzylpenicillin uptake in Oat3-expressing HEK293 cells | 2004 | Kidney international, Jan, Volume: 65, Issue:1 | Characterization of uremic toxin transport by organic anion transporters in the kidney. |
| AID197599 | Lysozyme-conjugated prodrugs: in vitro stability at pH 5 | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-03, Volume: 35, Issue:7 | Low molecular weight proteins as carriers for renal drug targeting. Preparation of drug-protein conjugates and drug-spacer derivatives and their catabolism in renal cortex homogenates and lysosomal lysates. |
| AID678998 | TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OAT1-expressing HEK293 cell | 2004 | Kidney international, Jan, Volume: 65, Issue:1 | Characterization of uremic toxin transport by organic anion transporters in the kidney. |
| AID678953 | TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport of erythromycin in the presence of Hippurate at 2mM in MDR1-expressing MDCK cells | 2004 | Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Nov, Volume: 32, Issue:11 | Effects of uremic toxins on hepatic uptake and metabolism of erythromycin. |
| AID598880 | Inhibition of mouse Oat1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11 | Elucidation of common pharmacophores from analysis of targeted metabolites transported by the multispecific drug transporter-Organic anion transporter1 (Oat1). |
| AID197595 | Lysozyme-conjugated prodrugs: in vitro stability at pH 5 | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-03, Volume: 35, Issue:7 | Low molecular weight proteins as carriers for renal drug targeting. Preparation of drug-protein conjugates and drug-spacer derivatives and their catabolism in renal cortex homogenates and lysosomal lysates. |
| AID233318 | Bitter threshold value | 1987 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 30, Issue:10 | Quantitative structure-activity relationships of the bitter thresholds of amino acids, peptides, and their derivatives. |
| AID679676 | TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of benzylpenicillin uptake in OAT3-expressing HEK293 cells | 2004 | Kidney international, Jan, Volume: 65, Issue:1 | Characterization of uremic toxin transport by organic anion transporters in the kidney. |
| AID682036 | TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of PAH uptake in OAT-expressing OK cells | 2002 | British journal of pharmacology, Jan, Volume: 135, Issue:2 | Uraemic toxins induce proximal tubular injury via organic anion transporter 1-mediated uptake. |
| AID360151 | Ratio of pKi for mouse Oat1 expressed in Xenopus oocytes to pKi for mouse Oat6 expressed in Xenopus oocytes | 2007 | The Journal of biological chemistry, Aug-17, Volume: 282, Issue:33 | Structural variation governs substrate specificity for organic anion transporter (OAT) homologs. Potential remote sensing by OAT family members. |
| AID35127 | Inhibition of partially purified aldose reductase obtained from rat lens (100 uM ); ND is No Data | 1989 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 32, Issue:5 | Synthesis and in vitro aldose reductase inhibitory activity of compounds containing an N-acylglycine moiety. |
| AID598876 | Inhibition of human Oat1 expressed in HEK293 cells | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 19, Issue:11 | Elucidation of common pharmacophores from analysis of targeted metabolites transported by the multispecific drug transporter-Organic anion transporter1 (Oat1). |
| AID197597 | Lysozyme-conjugated prodrugs: in vitro stability at pH 7.4 | 1992 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-03, Volume: 35, Issue:7 | Low molecular weight proteins as carriers for renal drug targeting. Preparation of drug-protein conjugates and drug-spacer derivatives and their catabolism in renal cortex homogenates and lysosomal lysates. |
| AID1347092 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347082 | qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal | 2020 | Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173 | A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity. |
| AID1296008 | Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening | 2020 | SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1 | Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening. |
| AID1347105 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347102 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347097 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347094 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347099 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347106 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347101 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1745845 | Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
| AID1347091 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347407 | qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection | 2020 | ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7 | High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle. |
| AID1347098 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347086 | qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal | 2020 | Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173 | A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity. |
| AID651635 | Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression | |||
| AID1347083 | qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen | 2020 | Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173 | A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity. |
| AID1347154 | Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors | 2020 | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49 | Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors. |
| AID1508630 | Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay | 2021 | Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4 | A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome. |
| AID1347096 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347089 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347104 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347107 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347095 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347090 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347425 | Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1) | 2019 | The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46 | Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens. |
| AID1347093 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347108 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347103 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347100 | qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells | 2018 | Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4 | Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing. |
| AID1347424 | RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1) | 2019 | The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46 | Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588499 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588501 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID504810 | Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13 | Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2006 | Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5 | Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa. |
| AID588497 | High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set | 2010 | Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1 | High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors. |
| AID504812 | Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign | 2010 | Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7 | A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor. |
| AID504749 | qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation | 2011 | Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043 | Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets. |
| AID588519 | A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities | 2011 | Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3 | High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors. |
| AID540299 | A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21 | Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| AID1346987 | P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen | 2019 | Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5 | A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1346986 | P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen | 2019 | Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5 | A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. |
| AID1794808 | Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL). | 2014 | Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6 | A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum. |
| AID1794808 | Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL). | |||
| AID1159537 | qHTS screening for TAG (triacylglycerol) accumulators in algae | 2017 | Plant physiology, Aug, Volume: 174, Issue:4 | Identification and Metabolite Profiling of Chemical Activators of Lipid Accumulation in Green Algae. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 287 (33.73) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 178 (20.92) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 142 (16.69) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 189 (22.21) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 55 (6.46) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (61.98) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 39 (4.29%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 16 (1.76%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 7 (0.77%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 847 (93.18%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| acetylcarnitine Acetylcarnitine: An acetic acid ester of CARNITINE that facilitates movement of ACETYL COA into the matrices of mammalian MITOCHONDRIA during the oxidation of FATTY ACIDS. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | O-acylcarnitine | human metabolite |
| 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. dihydroxybenzoic acid : Any member of the class of hydroxybenzoic acids carrying two phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring and its derivatives.. 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It occurs naturally in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxybenzoic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| alpha-ketoglutaric acid 2-oxoglutaric acid : An oxo dicarboxylic acid that consists of glutaric acid bearing an oxo substituent at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in Krebs cycle. | 2 | 1 | 0 | oxo dicarboxylic acid | fundamental metabolite |
| alpha-ketobutyric acid alpha-ketobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2-oxobutanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of butanoic acid. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; short-chain fatty acid | |
| 2-keto-4-methylvalerate alpha-ketoisocaproic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid.. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid (valeric acid) substituted with a keto group at C-2 and a methyl group at C-4. A metabolite that has been found to accumulate in maple syrup urine disease. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; branched-chain keto acid | algal metabolite; human metabolite |
| protocatechuic acid protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | catechols; dihydroxybenzoic acid | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 3-hydroxykynurenine 3-hydroxykynurenine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-hydroxykynurenine : A hydroxykynurenine that is kynurenine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.. hydroxykynurenine : A hydroxy-amino acid that is kynurenine substituted by a single hydroxy group at unspecified position. A "closed" class. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | hydroxykynurenine | human metabolite |
| dihydro-3-coumaric acid dihydro-3-coumaric acid: intermediate in biosynthesis of dihydrophenanthrenes from phenylalanine. 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid carrying a 3-hydroxyphenyl substituent at C-3. | 2.95 | 4 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 3-phenylpropionic acid 3-phenylpropionic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-phenylpropionic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 3 by a phenyl group. | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid | antifungal agent; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule |
| 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group. | 5.42 | 5 | 1 | monocarboxylic acid; phenols | fungal metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; plant metabolite |
| aminolevulinic acid Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; amino acid zwitterion; delta-amino acid | antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 5-aminovaleric acid 5-aminovaleric acid: from red fox anal secretion; RN given refers to parent cpd. 5-aminopentanoic acid : A delta-amino acid comprising pentanoic acid with an amino substituent at C-5; a methylene homologue of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that is a weak GABA agonist. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; delta-amino acid; omega-amino fatty acid | human metabolite |
| ethylene glycol Ethylene Glycol: A colorless, odorless, viscous dihydroxy alcohol. It has a sweet taste, but is poisonous if ingested. Ethylene glycol is the most important glycol commercially available and is manufactured on a large scale in the United States. It is used as an antifreeze and coolant, in hydraulic fluids, and in the manufacture of low-freezing dynamites and resins.. ethanediol : Any diol that is ethane or substituted ethane carrying two hydroxy groups.. ethylene glycol : A 1,2-glycol compound produced via reaction of ethylene oxide with water. | 6.96 | 1 | 0 | ethanediol; glycol | metabolite; mouse metabolite; solvent; toxin |
| acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons. | 2 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent |
| acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H). | 4.06 | 3 | 1 | ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent |
| adipic acid adipic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,4-dicarboxy derivative of butane. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid | food acidity regulator; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| allantoin [no description available] | 5.31 | 4 | 1 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; vulnerary |
| ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2. | 3.85 | 12 | 0 | azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant |
| anthranilic acid anthranilic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #565. anthranilic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is benzoic acid having a single amino substituent located at position 2. It is a metabolite produced in L-tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in the central nervous system. | 2.81 | 3 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| beta-alanine [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; beta-amino acid | agonist; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; inhibitor; neurotransmitter |
| benzaldehyde [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzaldehydes | EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; fragrance; odorant receptor agonist; plant metabolite |
| benzene [no description available] | 5.19 | 15 | 0 | aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent |
| benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring. | 8.68 | 73 | 7 | benzoic acids | algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| benzyl alcohol Benzyl Alcohol: A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.. hydroxytoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. benzyl alcohol : An aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.. aromatic alcohol : Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.. aromatic primary alcohol : Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | benzyl alcohols | antioxidant; fragrance; metabolite; solvent |
| betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine. | 4.18 | 3 | 1 | amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative | fundamental metabolite |
| 1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent |
| butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. | 4.53 | 5 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent |
| carnitine [no description available] | 2.86 | 3 | 0 | amino-acid betaine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| catechol [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | catechols | allelochemical; genotoxin; plant metabolite |
| methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC). | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound | bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas |
| levoplast Levoplast: mixture of acetamide, 2,2-dichloro-N-(2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl)-, (R-(R*,R*))-, castor oil, celluloidin, collodion & tannins | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| choline [no description available] | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | cholines | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| aconitic acid Aconitic Acid: A tricarboxylic acid with the formula (COOH)-CH2-C(COOH)=CH-COOH.. aconitic acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is prop-1-ene substituted by carboxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 3. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | tricarboxylic acid | |
| citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms. | 7.33 | 24 | 1 | tricarboxylic acid | antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite |
| chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride | mouse metabolite |
| 2-cresol 2-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. o-cresol : A cresol that is phenol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene. | 7.92 | 35 | 2 | cresol | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL). | 3.62 | 9 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid | algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| 3-cresol 3-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. m-cresol : A cresol with the methyl substituent at position 3. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | cresol | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid. | 4.79 | 2 | 1 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen Sulfide: A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). hydrogen sulfide : A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.. thiol : An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | gas molecular entity; hydracid; mononuclear parent hydride; sulfur hydride | Escherichia coli metabolite; genotoxin; metabolite; signalling molecule; toxin; vasodilator agent |
| 3-hydroxybutyric acid 3-Hydroxybutyric Acid: BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver.. 3-hydroxybutyric acid : A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics. | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | (omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid; 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid | human metabolite |
| n(g),n(g')-dimethyl-l-arginine N,N-dimethylarginine: asymmetric dimethylarginine; do not confuse with N,N'-dimethylarginine | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid | |
| malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents. | 5.02 | 3 | 1 | catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid | human metabolite |
| creatine [no description available] | 3.79 | 11 | 0 | glycine derivative; guanidines; zwitterion | geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical |
| cytosine [no description available] | 7 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| alanylalanine alanylalanine: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | |
| alanine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion | fundamental metabolite |
| lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 6.69 | 11 | 2 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite |
| dimethylglycine dimethylglycine: metabolic product of calcium pangamate; mutagen when mixed with nitrite; RN given refers to parent cpd. N,N-dimethylglycine : An N-methylglycine that is glycine carrying two N-methyl substituents. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; N-methyl-amino acid; N-methylglycines | Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| dimethylamine [no description available] | 5.45 | 5 | 1 | methylamines; secondary aliphatic amine | metabolite |
| formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glutaric acid glutaric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glutaric acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is a linear five-carbon dicarboxylic acid. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid | Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite |
| glycine [no description available] | 10.77 | 83 | 4 | alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical |
| glyceric acid glyceric acid: found in urine of patient with D-glyceric acidemia & hyperglycinaemia; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. glycerol ether : Any ether having glyceryl as at least one of the O-substituents.. glyceric acid : A trionic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted at positions 2 and 3 by hydroxy groups. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | trionic acid | fundamental metabolite |
| glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil. | 7.36 | 2 | 0 | alditol; triol | algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent |
| glycocyamine glycocyamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. guanidinoacetate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of guanidinoacetic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. guanidinoacetic acid : The N-amidino derivative of glycine. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | guanidinoacetic acids; zwitterion | bacterial metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; rat metabolite |
| hydrogen carbonate Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | carbon oxoanion | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| dalteparin Dalteparin: A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 3.42 | 1 | 1 | ||
| hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 4.69 | 2 | 1 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
| hydroxylamine amino alcohol : An alcohol containing an amino functional group in addition to the alcohol-defining hydroxy group. | 7.35 | 2 | 0 | hydroxylamines | algal metabolite; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; EC 1.1.3.13 (alcohol oxidase) inhibitor; EC 4.2.1.22 (cystathionine beta-synthase) inhibitor; EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; nitric oxide donor; nucleophilic reagent |
| indole [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | indole; polycyclic heteroarene | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| indoleacetic acid indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group. | 5.89 | 22 | 0 | indole-3-acetic acids; monocarboxylic acid | auxin; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite |
| iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge.. | 2 | 1 | 0 | diatomic iodine | nutrient |
| thioctic acid Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; thia fatty acid | fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
| methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| inositol Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration. | 4.79 | 2 | 1 | cyclitol; hexol | |
| melatonin [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; tryptamines | anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger |
| nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | metal allergen; nickel group element atom | epitope; micronutrient |
| niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group. | 11.29 | 7 | 2 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3 | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor |
| niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group. | 3.12 | 4 | 0 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3 | antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | |
| nitrous oxide Nitrous Oxide: Nitrogen oxide (N2O). A colorless, odorless gas that is used as an anesthetic and analgesic. High concentrations cause a narcotic effect and may replace oxygen, causing death by asphyxia. It is also used as a food aerosol in the preparation of whipping cream.. dinitrogen oxide : A nitrogen oxide consisting of linear unsymmetrical molecules with formula N2O. While it is the most used gaseous anaesthetic in the world, its major commercial use, due to its solubility under pressure in vegetable fats combined with its non-toxicity in low concentrations, is as an aerosol spray propellant and aerating agent for canisters of 'whipped' cream. | 3.47 | 2 | 0 | gas molecular entity; nitrogen oxide | analgesic; bacterial metabolite; food packaging gas; food propellant; general anaesthetic; greenhouse gas; inhalation anaesthetic; NMDA receptor antagonist; raising agent; refrigerant; vasodilator agent |
| 1-octanol 1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | octanol; primary alcohol | antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite; fuel additive; kairomone; plant metabolite |
| orotic acid Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| oxalic acid Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2. | 6.97 | 1 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid | algal metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group. | 3.81 | 4 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion | allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pyruvic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid; phenols | human metabolite |
| 4-nitrophenol 4-nitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. mononitrophenol : A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.. 4-nitrophenol : A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 4-nitrophenols | human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| parathion [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide | acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite |
| phenol [no description available] | 4.68 | 9 | 0 | phenols | antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phenylpyruvic acid phenylpyruvic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenylpyruvate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from deprotonation of the carboxy group of either keto- or enol-phenylpyruvic acid.. keto-phenylpyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropanoic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in the phenylalanine pathway. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | chromogenic compound; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite |
| phenylacetic acid phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. | 3.51 | 8 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid; phenylacetic acids | allergen; Aspergillus metabolite; auxin; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; toxin |
| propylene glycol Propylene Glycol: A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.. propane-1,2-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | glycol; propane-1,2-diols | allergen; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent |
| 1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol | metabolite; protic solvent |
| propionic acid propionic acid : A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | saturated fatty acid; short-chain fatty acid | antifungal drug |
| putrescine [no description available] | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | alkane-alpha,omega-diamine | antioxidant; fundamental metabolite |
| pyridine azine : An organonitrogen compound of general structure RCH=N-N=CHR or RR'C=N-N=CRR'. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | azaarene; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; pyridines | environmental contaminant; NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | cofactor; fundamental metabolite |
| quinolinic acid Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan. | 7.68 | 3 | 0 | pyridinedicarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist |
| thiosulfates Thiosulfates: Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.. thiosulfate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid. | 2.62 | 3 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion | human metabolite |
| sarcosine cocobetaine: N-alkyl-betaine; cause of shampoo dermatitis | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | N-alkylglycine zwitterion; N-alkylglycine; N-methyl-amino acid; N-methylglycines | Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; glycine transporter 1 inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| selenious acid Selenious Acid: A selenium compound with the molecular formula H2SO3. It used as a source of SELENIUM, especially for patients that develop selenium deficiency following prolonged PARENTERAL NUTRITION. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | selenium oxoacid | |
| succinic acid Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. | 3.3 | 6 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | anti-ulcer drug; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical; radiation protective agent |
| taurine [no description available] | 5.29 | 12 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; zwitterion | antioxidant; Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient; radical scavenger; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| thiamine thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively. | 3.48 | 1 | 1 | primary alcohol; vitamin B1 | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups. | 11.11 | 136 | 6 | methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound | cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
| trimethyloxamine trimethyloxamine: used in manufacture of quaternary ammonium cpds; insect attractant; warming agent for gas; oxidant; structure. trimethylamine N-oxide : A tertiary amine oxide resulting from the oxidation of the amino group of trimethylamine. | 6.24 | 12 | 1 | tertiary amine oxide | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; osmolyte |
| trimethylamine [no description available] | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | methylamines; tertiary amine | Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8. | 8.73 | 22 | 3 | uric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 9.71 | 20 | 2 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| xanthine 7H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-7 is protonated.. 9H-xanthine : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 6 and N-9 is protonated. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | xanthine | Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| vanilmandelic acid Vanilmandelic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. It is an end-stage metabolite of CATECHOLAMINES; EPINEPHRINE; and NOREPINEPHRINE.. vanillylmandelic acid : An aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; phenols | human metabolite |
| mandelic acid SAMMA: mandelic acid condensation polymer | 4.26 | 18 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; benzenes | antibacterial agent; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| atrolactic acid atrolactic acid: see also 3-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | |
| 1-aminobenzotriazole [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid | fluorescent probe |
| 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with strong irritant properties. Use of this compound on rice fields, orchards, sugarcane, rangeland, and other noncrop sites was terminated by the EPA in 1985. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2, 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorines. | 2 | 1 | 0 | chlorophenoxyacetic acid; trichlorobenzene | defoliant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin |
| 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines. | 2 | 1 | 0 | chlorophenoxyacetic acid; dichlorobenzene | agrochemical; defoliant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin |
| meglutol Meglutol: An antilipemic agent which lowers cholesterol, triglycerides, serum beta-lipoproteins and phospholipids. It acts by interfering with the enzymatic steps involved in the conversion of acetate to hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A as well as inhibiting the activity of HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES which is the rate limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.. 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is glutaric acid in which one of the two hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a hydroxy group, while the other is substituted by a methyl group. It has been found to accumulate in urine of patients suffering from HMG-CoA lyase (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase, EC 4.1.3.4) deficiency. It occurs as a plant metabolite in Crotalaria dura. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; dicarboxylic acid; tertiary alcohol | anticholesteremic drug; antimetabolite; EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent |
| homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite. | 8.64 | 9 | 0 | guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phenytoin [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | imidazolidine-2,4-dione | anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent |
| hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | indole-3-acetic acids | drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| etofylline etofylline: etophyllin appeared once in PubMed: Wien Med Wochenschr. 1986 May 15;136(9):213-8 as a combination drug with theophylline (spelt without e, theophllin) | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | oxopurine | |
| oxyquinoline Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxyquinoline | antibacterial agent; antifungal agrochemical; antiseptic drug; iron chelator |
| acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; phenols | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| n-acetylphenylalanine N-acetylphenylalanine: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer. N-acetylphenylalanine : The N-acetyl derivative of phenylalanine. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-amino acid; phenylalanine derivative | antidepressant; metabolite |
| n-acetyltryptophan N-acetyltryptophan : An N-acetylamino acid that is the N-acetyl derivative of tryptophan. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-amino acid; tryptophan derivative | metabolite |
| ethacridine Ethacridine: A topically applied anti-infective agent. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acridines | |
| altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triamino-1,3,5-triazine | |
| diatrizoic acid Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; benzoic acids; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| p-aminohippuric acid p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow. | 9.43 | 23 | 0 | N-acylglycine | Daphnia magna metabolite |
| theophylline [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dimethylxanthine | adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent |
| aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates | anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| azelaic acid nonanedioic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is heptane substituted at positions 1 and 7 by carboxy groups. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; dermatologic drug; plant metabolite |
| baclofen [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound | central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant |
| benphothiamine benfotiamine : A thioester that is a synthetic analogue of thiamine obtained by acylative cleavage of the thiazole ring and O-phospohorylation. | 3.48 | 1 | 1 | aminopyrimidine; formamides; organic phosphate; thioester | antioxidant; immunological adjuvant; nutraceutical; protective agent; provitamin B1 |
| butylbenzyl phthalate spatozoate: structure in first source | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | benzyl ester | |
| berberine [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound | antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker |
| 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol : A member of the class of hydroquinones that is benzene-1,4-diol substituted by tert-butyl groups at position 2 and 5. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydroquinones | |
| bucolome bucolome: was heading 1978-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1978-90); was PARAMIDINE see under BARBITURATES 1975-77; use BARBITURATES to search BUCOLOME 1978-94 & PARAMIDINE 1975-77; proposed anti-inflammatory agent with possible analgesic properties | 3.43 | 1 | 1 | barbiturates | |
| cacodylic acid dimethylarsinic acid : The organoarsenic compound that is arsenic acid substituted on the central arsenic atom with two methyl groups. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | organoarsenic compound | xenobiotic metabolite |
| caffeine [no description available] | 3.41 | 1 | 1 | purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic |
| carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dibenzoazepine; ureas | analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic |
| cetyltrimethylammonium ion Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug |
| chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea | hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue |
| chlorzoxazone Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. | 3.38 | 1 | 1 | 1,3-benzoxazoles; heteroaryl hydroxy compound; organochlorine compound | muscle relaxant; sedative |
| cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile | adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor |
| 4-cresol 4-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-cresol : A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals. | 7.73 | 11 | 1 | cresol | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; uremic toxin |
| cx546 1-(1,4-benzodioxan-6-ylcarbonyl)piperidine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| debrisoquin Debrisoquin: An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | carboxamidine; isoquinolines | adrenergic agent; antihypertensive agent; human metabolite; sympatholytic agent |
| amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | primary amine | |
| diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5. | 3.43 | 1 | 1 | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic |
| diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| pentetic acid Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | pentacarboxylic acid | copper chelator |
| diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound | non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| dimercaprol Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | dithiol; primary alcohol | chelator |
| diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ether; tertiary amino compound | anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative |
| diuron Diuron: A pre-emergent herbicide.. diuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which both of the hydrogens attached to one nitrogen are substituted by methyl groups, and one of the hydrogens attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; dichlorobenzene | environmental contaminant; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; photosystem-II inhibitor; urea herbicide; xenobiotic |
| valproic acid Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid | anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent |
| erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ethacrynic acid Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor. | 7 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid | EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; loop diuretic |
| etodolac Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active. | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| fenbufen fenbufen: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid; biphenyls | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| flunitrazepam Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; C-nitro compound; monofluorobenzenes | anxiolytic drug; GABAA receptor agonist; sedative |
| fluorescite fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | benzoic acids; cyclic ketone; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; organic heterotricyclic compound; phenols; xanthene dye | fluorescent dye; radioopaque medium |
| fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound | |
| furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure. | 4.09 | 3 | 1 | chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide | environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic |
| gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| guanidine Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | carboxamidine; guanidines; one-carbon compound | |
| p-hydroxyamphetamine p-Hydroxyamphetamine: Amphetamine metabolite with sympathomimetic effects. It is sometimes called alpha-methyltyramine, which may also refer to the meta isomer, gepefrine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | amphetamines | |
| ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine | 3.23 | 5 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic |
| lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline. | 3.32 | 2 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound | anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic |
| indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole | analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic |
| iothalamic acid Iothalamic Acid: A contrast medium in diagnostic radiology with properties similar to those of diatrizoic acid. It is used primarily as its sodium and meglumine (IOTHALAMATE MEGLUMINE) salts. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
| indolepropionic acid indolepropionic acid: structure in third source. 3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid : An indol-3-yl carboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group at position 3. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indol-3-yl carboxylic acid | auxin; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| ipriflavone ipriflavone : A member of the class of isoflavones that is isoflavone in which the hydrogen at position 7 is replaced by an isopropoxy group. A synthetic isoflavone, it was formerly used for the treatment of osteoporosis, although a randomised controlled study failed to show any benefit. It is still used to prevent osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; isoflavones | bone density conservation agent |
| isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| isradipine Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzoxadiazole; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester; methyl ester | |
| ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2. | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| kojic acid [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 4-pyranones; enol; primary alcohol | Aspergillus metabolite; EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor; EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor; NF-kappaB inhibitor; skin lightening agent |
| kynurenic acid Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4. | 3.42 | 7 | 0 | monohydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | G-protein-coupled receptor agonist; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 3-phenyllactic acid 3-phenyllactic acid: alpha-hydroxy analog of phenylalanine; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-phenyllactic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. | 4.94 | 2 | 1 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite |
| mebendazole Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester | antinematodal drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator |
| mefenamic acid Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound | analgesic; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | guanidines | environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic |
| methenamine Methenamine: An anti-infective agent most commonly used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Its anti-infective action derives from the slow release of formaldehyde by hydrolysis at acidic pH. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p173). hexamethylenetetramine : A polycyclic cage that is adamantane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 3, 5 and 7 are replaced by nitrogen atoms. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | polyazaalkane; polycyclic cage; tetramine | antibacterial drug |
| nocodazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; benzimidazoles; carbamate ester; thiophenes | antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator |
| deet N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; monocarboxylic acid amide | environmental contaminant; insect repellent; xenobiotic |
| nalidixic acid [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 1,8-naphthyridine derivative; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor |
| nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | nitroglycerol | explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| omeprazole Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5. | 4.4 | 1 | 1 | aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide | |
| methazole methazole: structure. probe : A role played by a molecular entity used to study the microscopic environment. | 2 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene | |
| pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | GABAA receptor agonist |
| phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups. | 7.89 | 4 | 0 | barbiturates | anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative |
| phenolsulfonphthalein Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | 2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; phenols; sultone | acid-base indicator; diagnostic agent; two-colour indicator |
| 4-phenylbutyric acid 4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; prodrug |
| phloretin [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | dihydrochalcones | antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| o-phthalaldehyde o-Phthalaldehyde: A reagent that forms fluorescent conjugation products with primary amines. It is used for the detection of many biogenic amines, peptides, and proteins in nanogram quantities in body fluids.. phthalaldehyde : A dialdehyde in which two formyl groups are attached to adjacent carbon centres on a benzene ring. | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzaldehydes; dialdehyde | epitope |
| piribedil Piribedil: A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-arylpiperazine | |
| potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt | fertilizer |
| potassium iodide Potassium Iodide: An inorganic compound that is used as a source of iodine in thyrotoxic crisis and in the preparation of thyrotoxic patients for thyroidectomy. (From Dorland, 27th ed). potassium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a K(+) counterion. It is a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals. | 2 | 1 | 0 | potassium salt | expectorant; radical scavenger |
| 4-aminobenzoic acid para-Aminobenzoates: Benzoic acids, salts, or esters that contain an amino group attached to carbon number 4 of the benzene ring structure.. 4-aminobenzoate : An aromatic amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-aminobenzoic acid. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aminobenzoate; aromatic amino-acid anion | Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | benzoic acids; sulfonamide | uricosuric drug |
| procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker |
| prometone prometone: structure. prometon : A methoxy-1,3,5-triazine that is 6-methoxy-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine in which the one of the hydrogens of each amino group is substituted by an isopropyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methoxy-1,3,5-triazine | environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| propanil Propanil: A chlorinated anilide that is used as an herbicide.. propanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of propanoic acid with the amino group of 3,4-dichloroaniline. It is a herbicide used for the treatment of numerous grasses and broad-leaved weeds in rice, potatoes, and wheat. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide; dichlorobenzene | herbicide |
| propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3. | 3.35 | 1 | 1 | naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine | anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| secobarbital Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | anaesthesia adjuvant; GABA modulator; sedative |
| 4-phenylbutyric acid, sodium salt sodium phenylbutyrate : The organic sodium salt of 4-phenylbutyric acid. A prodrug for phenylacetate, it is used to treat urea cycle disorders. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector; neuroprotective agent; orphan drug; prodrug |
| vorinostat Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid diamide; hydroxamic acid | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor |
| sulfadimethoxine Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic |
| sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic |
| sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide | antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| sulfobromophthalein Sulfobromophthalein: A phenolphthalein that is used as a diagnostic aid in hepatic function determination. | 3.45 | 2 | 0 | 2-benzofurans; organobromine compound; organosulfonic acid; phenols | dye |
| testosterone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy steroid | androgen |
| tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | N-sulfonylurea | human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker |
| triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pteridines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| trigonelline trigonelline: in hydra among other organisms; RN given refers to hydroxide inner salt; structure. N-methylnicotinic acid : A pyridinium ion consisting of nicotinic acid having a methyl substituent on the pyridine nitrogen.. N-methylnicotinate : An iminium betaine that is the conjugate base of N-methylnicotinic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. | 4.8 | 2 | 1 | alkaloid; iminium betaine | food component; human urinary metabolite; plant metabolite |
| xanthurenic acid xanthurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at C-4 and C-8. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | dihydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | animal metabolite; iron chelator; metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist; vesicular glutamate transport inhibitor |
| cephaloridine Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative | antibacterial drug |
| sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol). | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | glucitol | cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| 2-hydroxybenzylbenzimidazole 2-hydroxybenzylbenzimidazole: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | 2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine | antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| aldosterone [no description available] | 3.42 | 1 | 1 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| cysteine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | cysteine zwitterion; cysteine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid | EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flour treatment agent; human metabolite |
| estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols | antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group. | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope |
| triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | 2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | chlorocarbon; chloromethanes | hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant |
| alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2. | 5 | 9 | 1 | alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite |
| serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. | 4.05 | 3 | 1 | L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid. | 3.8 | 2 | 1 | aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. | 11.38 | 15 | 1 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide. | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor |
| sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar. | 3.29 | 2 | 0 | glycosyl glycoside | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| puromycin aminonucleoside 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine: structure in first source. 3'-amino-3'-deoxy-N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenosine : Puromycin derivative that lacks the methoxyphenylalanyl group on the amine of the sugar ring. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 3'-deoxyribonucleoside; adenosines | |
| adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate | fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| cephalothin Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | azabicycloalkene; beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative; thiophenes | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent |
| uridine monophosphate Uridine Monophosphate: 5'-Uridylic acid. A uracil nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.. uridine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having uracil as the nucleobase. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 9.96 | 3 | 1 | D-galactose; galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
| tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 3.82 | 11 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| cysteamine Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amine; thiol | geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; radiation protective agent |
| adenosine monophosphate Adenosine Monophosphate: Adenine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-position. | 2.87 | 4 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | adenosine A1 receptor agonist; cofactor; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.11 (fructose-bisphosphatase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cytidine monophosphate Cytidine Monophosphate: Cytidine (dihydrogen phosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety in the 2', 3' or 5' position.. cytidine 5'-monophosphate : A pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having cytosine as the nucleobase. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose. | 4.83 | 2 | 1 | lactose | |
| methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. | 3.87 | 12 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| etimizol Etimizol: A xanthine-related, putative nootropic drug. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid | chelator |
| barbituric acid barbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure from Merck Index, 9th ed, #966. barbituric acid : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4 and -6 by oxo groups. Barbituric acid is the parent compound of barbiturate drugs, although it is not itself pharmacologically active. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | allergen; xenobiotic |
| dimethylformamide Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | formamides; volatile organic compound | geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent |
| mannitol [no description available] | 3.05 | 5 | 0 | mannitol | allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent |
| ornithine Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; ornithine | algal metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; mouse metabolite |
| asparagine Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; asparagine; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. | 3.23 | 6 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 5.28 | 12 | 1 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| isoleucine Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; isoleucine; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| nifenalol nifenalol: adrenergic beta-blocker with good antiarrhythmic properties; also tends to lower blood pressure & provide protection against angina; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search ETHANOLAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 5.93 | 9 | 1 | arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| ethylene Plastipore: high density polyethylene sponge biocompatible material; used as posts in dental bridges | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alkene; gas molecular entity | plant hormone; refrigerant |
| acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group. | 7.13 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound | EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent |
| methylene chloride Methylene Chloride: A chlorinated hydrocarbon that has been used as an inhalation anesthetic and acts as a narcotic in high concentrations. Its primary use is as a solvent in manufacturing and food technology.. dichloromethane : A member of the class of chloromethanes that is methane in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by chlorine. A dense, non-flammible colourless liquid at room temperature (b.p. 40degreeC, d = 1.33) which is immiscible with water, it is widely used as a solvent, a paint stripper, and for the removal of caffeine from coffee and tea. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | chloromethanes; volatile organic compound | carcinogenic agent; polar aprotic solvent; refrigerant |
| trichloroacetic acid Trichloroacetic Acid: A strong acid used as a protein precipitant in clinical chemistry and also as a caustic for removing warts.. trichloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which all three methyl hydrogens are substituted by chlorine. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound | carcinogenic agent; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| quinic acid (-)-quinic acid : The (-)-enantiomer of quinic acid. | 5.59 | 5 | 1 | ||
| methylethyl ketone methylethyl ketone: solvent; colorless synthetic resins, smokeless powders; may be irritating to eyes, mucous membranes; may be toxic in high concentrations; structure. butanone : Any ketone that is butane substituted by an oxo group at unspecified position.. butan-2-one : A dialkyl ketone that is a four-carbon ketone carrying a single keto- group at position C-2. | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | butanone; dialkyl ketone; methyl ketone; volatile organic compound | bacterial metabolite; polar aprotic solvent |
| trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | chloroethenes | inhalation anaesthetic; mouse metabolite |
| isobutyric acid isobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. isobutyric acid : A branched fatty acid comprising propanoic acid carrying a methyl branch at C-2. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | branched-chain saturated fatty acid; fatty acid 4:0; methyl-branched fatty acid | Daphnia magna metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component |
| dichloroacetic acid [no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound | astringent; marine metabolite |
| pantothenic acid Pantothenic Acid: A butyryl-beta-alanine that can also be viewed as pantoic acid complexed with BETA ALANINE. It is incorporated into COENZYME A and protects cells against peroxidative damage by increasing the level of GLUTATHIONE.. pantothenic acid : A member of the class of pantothenic acids that is an amide formed from pantoic acid and beta-alanine.. vitamin B5 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pantothenic acids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B5 deficiency. Deficiency of vitamin B5 is rare due to its widespread distribution in whole grain cereals, legumes and meat. Symptoms associated with vitamin B5 deficiency are difficult to asses since they are subtle and resemble those of other B vitamin deficiencies. The vitamers include (R)-pantothenic acid and its ionized and salt forms.. (R)-pantothenate : A pantothenate that is the conjugate base of (R)-pantothenic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. (R)-pantothenic acid : A pantothenic acid having R-configuration. | 2.85 | 4 | 0 | pantothenic acid; vitamin B5 | antidote to curare poisoning; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite |
| bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone: structure and RN in first source. 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol : A sulfone that is diphenyl sulfone in which both of the para hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy groups. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | bisphenol; sulfone | endocrine disruptor; metabolite |
| taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate | human metabolite |
| 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| salicylanilide salicylanilide: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicylanilide : An amide of salicylic acid and of aniline; it is therefore both a salicylamide and an anilide. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzanilide fungicide; salicylamides; salicylanilides | |
| 2-phenylbutyric acid 2-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid substituted by a phenyl group at position 2. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone 4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene | |
| 2-naphthylamine 2-Naphthylamine: A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.. 2-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine carrying the amino group at position 2. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | naphthylamine | carcinogenic agent |
| 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine 6-phenyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diphenyl diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure | 7.41 | 1 | 0 | aromatic fungicide; benzenes; biphenyls | antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative |
| quinaldic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| N-(2-methoxyphenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; methoxybenzenes | |
| styrene glycol styrene glycol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 7.03 | 1 | 0 | benzenes | |
| propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872) | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | benzoate ester; paraben; phenols | antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent |
| benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry. | 8.5 | 1 | 1 | carbonyl compound | |
| styrene oxide styrene oxide: structure. styrene oxide : An epoxide that is oxirane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a phenyl group. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | epoxide | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| fast red b Fast Red B: structure in first source. fast red B : An organosulfonate salt composed from 2-methoxy-4-nitrobenzene-1-diazonium and 5-sulfonaphthalene-1-sulfonate in a 1:1 ratio. Used for demostrating enterochromaffin in carcinoid tumours. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid: A cyclized derivative of L-GLUTAMIC ACID. Elevated blood levels may be associated with problems of GLUTAMINE or GLUTATHIONE metabolism.. 5-oxo-L-proline : An optically active form of 5-oxoproline having L-configuration. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | 5-oxoproline; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | algal metabolite |
| cyclohexanecarboxylic acid cyclohexanecarboxylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. cyclohexanecarboxylic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of cyclohexane substituted by a carboxy group. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | |
| nitrobenzene nitrobenzene : A nitroarene consisting of benzene carrying a single nitro substituent. An industrial chemical used widely in the production of aniline. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | nitroarene; nitrobenzenes | |
| 3-hydroxybenzoic acid 3-hydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from Taxus baccata. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of plasticisers, resins, pharmaceuticals, etc. | 3.51 | 1 | 1 | monohydroxybenzoic acid | bacterial metabolite; plant metabolite |
| 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde: structure in first source. 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde : A member of the class of benzaldehydes that is benzaldehyde carrying a dimethylamino substituent at position 4. Used as an indicator for detection of indoles and hydrazine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | benzaldehydes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound | chromogenic compound |
| ethylbenzene [no description available] | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
| styrene Styrene: A colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics.. styrene : A vinylarene that is benzene carrying a vinyl group. It has been isolated from the benzoin resin produced by Styrax species. | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | styrenes; vinylarene; volatile organic compound | mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite |
| benzylamine aminotoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more amino groups. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamine; primary amine | allergen; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| cyclohexylmethanol cyclohexylmethanol: structure | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methylenebis(chloroaniline) Methylenebis(chloroaniline): Aromatic diamine used in the plastics industry as curing agent for epoxy resins and urethane rubbers. It causes bladder, liver, lung, and other neoplasms.. 4,4'-methylene-bis-(2-chloroaniline) : A chloroaniline that consists of two 2-chloroaniline units joined by a methylene bridge. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | chloroaniline | metabolite |
| di-(4-aminophenyl)ether di-(4-aminophenyl)ether: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| diphenylguanidine diphenylguanidine: vulcanization accelerator; RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,3-diphenylguanidine : Guanidine carrying a phenyl substituent on each of the two amino groups. It is used as an accelerator in the rubber industry. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | guanidines | allergen |
| 4-Anilino-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| 1-phenyl-2-propanone 1-phenyl-2-propanone: analog of propiophenone where carbonyl group is on the 2 carbon atom instead of the 1 carbon atom of the side chain. phenylacetone : A propanone that is propan-2-one substituted by a phenyl group at position 1. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | methyl ketone; propanones | |
| 1,3-butadiene buta-1,3-diene : A butadiene with unsaturation at positions 1 and 3. | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | butadiene | carcinogenic agent; mutagen |
| acrolein [no description available] | 3.76 | 3 | 0 | enal | herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin |
| 2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning. | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | alkane | |
| acetic anhydride acetic anhydride: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. acetic anhydride : An acyclic carboxylic anhydride derived from acetic acid. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | acyclic carboxylic anhydride | metabolite; reagent |
| gamma-valerolactone gamma-valerolactone: metabolite of n-hexane; RN given refers to cpd with methyl moiety in position 5. gamma-valerolactone : A butan-4-olide that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 5. It has been found in the urine samples of humans exposed to n-hexane. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | butan-4-olide | flavouring agent; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 3-xylene m-xylene : A xylene carrying methyl groups at positions 1 and 3. | 4.05 | 3 | 1 | xylene | |
| cyclohexanol Cyclohexanols: Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.. cyclohexanols : An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | cyclohexanols; secondary alcohol | solvent |
| n-pentanoic acid n-pentanoic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. valeric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid containing five carbon atoms. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | short-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | plant metabolite |
| pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | pyrrole; secondary amine | |
| furan furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid. | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | furans; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; Maillard reaction product |
| 2,5-hexanedione 2,5-hexanedione: metabolite of methyl-n-butyl ketone. 2,5-hexanedione : A diketone that is hexane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 5. It is a toxic metabolite of hexane and of 2-hexanone | 3.09 | 5 | 0 | diketone; methyl ketone | human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin |
| n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | alkane; volatile organic compound | neurotoxin; non-polar solvent |
| cyclohexane Cyclohexane: C6H12. cyclohexane : An alicyclic hydrocarbon comprising a ring of six carbon atoms; the cyclic form of hexane, used as a raw material in the manufacture of nylon. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | cycloalkane; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
| heptanoic acid heptanoic acid : A C7, straight-chain fatty acid that contributes to the odour of some rancid oils. Used in the preparation of esters for the fragrance industry, and as an additive in cigarettes. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | plant metabolite |
| 1-hexanol 1-hexanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. hexanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of six carbon atoms.. hexan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is hexane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | hexanol; primary alcohol | alarm pheromone; antibacterial agent; fragrance; plant metabolite |
| phenformin Phenformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of METFORMIN. Although it is generally considered to be associated with an unacceptably high incidence of lactic acidosis, often fatal, it is still available in some countries. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). phenformin : A member of the class of biguanides that is biguanide in which one of the terminal nitrogen atoms is substituted by a 2-phenylethyl group. It was used as an anti-diabetic drug but was later withdrawn from the market due to potential risk of lactic acidosis. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | biguanides | antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent |
| mephobarbital Mephobarbital: A barbiturate that is metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL. It has been used for similar purposes, especially in EPILEPSY, but there is no evidence mephobarbital offers any advantage over PHENOBARBITAL.. mephobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | anticonvulsant |
| triphenyl phosphate triphenyl phosphate: structure. triphenyl phosphate : An aryl phosphate resulting from the formal condensation of phosphoric acid with 3 mol eq. of phenol. | 7.41 | 1 | 0 | aryl phosphate | flame retardant; plasticiser |
| 2-methylbutanoic acid 2-methylbutanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 2-methylbutyric acid : A methylbutyric acid comprising a butyric acid core carrying a 2-methyl substituent. Produced from amino acid leucine during nutrient starvation in bacteria. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | methylbutyric acid | bacterial metabolite; human metabolite |
| etryptamine etryptamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside | allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite |
| vanillic acid Vanillic Acid: A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).. vanillic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | methoxybenzoic acid; monohydroxybenzoic acid | plant metabolite |
| sulfacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| monobutyl phthalate monobutyl phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2 | 1 | 0 | phthalic acid monoester | |
| cinchophen cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| iodohippuric acid Iodohippuric Acid: An iodine-containing compound used in pyelography as a radiopaque medium. If labeled with radioiodine, it can be used for studies of renal function.. 2-iodohippuric acid : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-iodobenzoic acid with the amino group of glycine. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; N-acylglycine; organoiodine compound | |
| 2-naphthol 2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | naphthol | antinematodal drug; genotoxin; human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger |
| 2-ethylhexanoic acid 2-ethylhexanoic acid: structure in first source; wood preservative; 2-ethylhexanoic acid is active ingredient in Sinesto B | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | branched-chain fatty acid | |
| 2-aminobenzothiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles | |
| carzenide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| shikimic acid Shikimic Acid: A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.. shikimic acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; cyclohexenecarboxylic acid; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| nitrilotriacetic acid Nitrilotriacetic Acid: A derivative of acetic acid, N(CH2COOH)3. It is a complexing (sequestering) agent that forms stable complexes with Zn2+. (From Miall's Dictionary of Chemistry, 5th ed.) | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | NTA; tricarboxylic acid | carcinogenic agent; nephrotoxic agent |
| benzyl acetate benzyl acetate : The acetate ester of benzyl alcohol. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | acetate ester; benzyl ester | metabolite |
| ethyl acetate ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | acetate ester; ethyl ester; volatile organic compound | EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor; metabolite; polar aprotic solvent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| hexanoic acid hexanoic acid : A C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| monomethylarsonic acid monomethylarsonic acid: structure given in first source | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | arsonic acids; one-carbon compound; organoarsonic acid | |
| ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dithiocarbamic acids | chelator; copper chelator |
| n-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-phenylethylamine N-(2-cyanoethyl)-2-phenylethylamine: prodrug of 2-phenylethylamine | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| D-tryptophan [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | D-alpha-amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | bacterial metabolite |
| catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite. | 11.34 | 7 | 2 | catechin | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| benzoxazoles 1,3-benzoxazole : A benzoxazole in which the benzene ring is fused to a 1,3-oxazole ring across positions 4 and 5.. benzoxazole : Compounds based on a fused 1,2- or 1,3-oxazole and benzene bicyclic ring skeleton. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-benzoxazoles; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent | |
| isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| thiazoles [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| cyclooctane [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| triphenyltetrazolium chloride 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride : An organic chloride salt having 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium as the counterion. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic chloride salt | dye; indicator |
| triphenyltetrazolium triphenyltetrazolium: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium : An organic cation that is tetrazole carrying three phenyl substituents at positions 2, 3 and 5. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | organic cation | |
| methylphenazonium methosulfate Methylphenazonium Methosulfate: Used as an electron carrier in place of the flavine enzyme of Warburg in the hexosemonophosphate system and also in the preparation of SUCCINIC DEHYDROGENASE. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | azaheterocycle sulfate salt; phenazines | |
| ephedrine Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | phenethylamine alkaloid; phenylethanolamines | bacterial metabolite; environmental contaminant; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic |
| hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | azane; hydrazines | EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor |
| thiocyanate thiocyanate: RN given refers to parent cpd. thiocyanate : A pseudohalide anion obtained by deprotonation of the thiol group of thiocyanic acid. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | pseudohalide anion; sulfur molecular entity | human metabolite |
| 2,7-diacetylaminofluorene 2,7-diacetylaminofluorene: has been found to induce leukemia in animals; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line search 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE/AA (75-84); Index Medicus search 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE/AA (80-82), FLUORENES (75-79) | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid 4-hydroxyphenyllactic acid: tyrosing metabolite; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid : A 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 4-hydroxyphenyl group. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | 2-hydroxy carboxylic acid; phenols | bacterial metabolite; human metabolite |
| diazomethane Diazomethane: A diazonium compound with the formula CH2N2.. diazomethane : The simplest diazo compound, in which a diazo group is attached to a methylene group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | diazo compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; poison |
| citrulline citrulline : The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; citrulline | Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; protective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| methylguanidine Methylguanidine: A product of putrefaction. Poisonous.. methylguanidine : A guanidine in which one of the amino hydrogens of guanidine itself is substituted by a methyl group. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | guanidines | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; metabolite; uremic toxin |
| limestone Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.. calcium carbonate : A calcium salt with formula CCaO3. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | calcium salt; carbonate salt; inorganic calcium salt; one-carbon compound | antacid; fertilizer; food colouring; food firming agent |
| chenodeoxycholic acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| glycocholic acid Glycocholic Acid: The glycine conjugate of CHOLIC ACID. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed.. glycocholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.. glycocholate : A cholanic acid conjugate anion that is the conjugate base of glycocholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | bile acid glycine conjugate | human metabolite |
| ninhydrin Ninhydrin: 2,2-Dihydroxy-1H-indene-1,3-(2H)-dione. Reagent toxic to skin and mucus membranes. It is used in chemical assay for peptide bonds, i.e., protein determinations and has radiosensitizing properties.. ninhydrin : A member of the class of indanones that is indane-1,3-dione bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at position 2. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; beta-diketone; indanones; ketone hydrate | colour indicator; human metabolite |
| flavanone flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4. | 3.51 | 1 | 1 | flavanones | |
| salicylurate salicylurate: RN given refers to parent cpd. salicyluric acid : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as 2-hydroxybenzoyl.. salicylurate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of salicyluric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | N-acylglycine; secondary carboxamide | human xenobiotic metabolite; uremic toxin |
| indican indoxyl sulfate : An aryl sulfate that is indoxyl in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is substituted by a sulfo group. | 3.84 | 4 | 0 | aryl sulfate; indoles | human metabolite |
| 3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid 3,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridinedicarboxylic acid | |
| 3-butene-1,2-diol 3-butene-1,2-diol: major industrial chemical; structure given in first source | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| sodium carbonate sodium carbonate: used topically for dermatitides, mouthwash, vaginal douche; veterinary use as emergency emetic; RN given refers to carbonic acid, di-Na salt; structure | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | carbonate salt; organic sodium salt | |
| isovaleric acid isovaleric acid: structure. isovaleric acid : A C5, branched-chain saturated fatty acid. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | branched-chain saturated fatty acid; methylbutyric acid; short-chain fatty acid | mammalian metabolite; plant metabolite |
| suberic acid suberic acid: used in plastics industry; inhibits activity of some enzymes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. suberic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,6-dicarboxy derivative of hexane. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid | human metabolite |
| 16-hydroxypalmitic acid 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid : An omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid that is hexadecanoic acid (also known as palmitic acid) which is substituted at position 16 by a hydroxy group. It is a key monomer of cutin in the plant cuticle. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydroxypalmitic acid; omega-hydroxy-long-chain fatty acid | plant metabolite |
| hesperidin Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage. | 3.51 | 1 | 1 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; monomethoxyflavanone; rutinoside | mutagen |
| 4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-(benzoylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoic acid: Bepask is calcium salt | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| tropic acid tropic acid: acid moiety of ester alkaloids hyoscyamine & scopolamine; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure. tropic acid : A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a phenyl group, and one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| mandelonitrile, (+-)-isomer [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | cyanohydrin | |
| methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol: Synthesized from endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in vivo. It is found in brain, blood, CSF, and urine, where its concentrations are used to measure catecholamine turnover. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; phenols | |
| malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 4.15 | 3 | 1 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
| aceturic acid aceturic acid: structure. N-acetylglycine : An N-acylglycine where the acyl group is specified as acetyl. | 4.13 | 3 | 1 | N-acetyl-amino acid; N-acylglycine | human metabolite |
| 8-hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinolinesulfonic acid 8-hydroxy-7-iodo-5-quinolinesulfonic acid: used with iodine isotopes in radioisotope scanning; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyquinoline | |
| violacein [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycyl-glycyl-glycine glycyl-glycyl-glycine : A tripeptide in which three glycine units are linked via peptide bonds in a linear sequence. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | tripeptide zwitterion; tripeptide | |
| glycylglycine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide | human metabolite |
| 2-hydroxybutyric acid 2-hydroxybutyric acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. hydroxybutyric acid : Any compound comprising a butyric acid core carrying at least one hydroxy substituent.. 2-hydroxybutyric acid : A hydroxybutyric acid having a single hydroxyl group located at position 2; urinary secretion of 2-hydroxybutyric acid is increased with alcohol ingestion or vigorous physical exercise and is associated with lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis in humans and diabetes in animals. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid | algal metabolite; human metabolite |
| 1-acetylisatin 1-acetylisatin: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoledione | |
| 3-hydroxyflavone 3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | flavonols; monohydroxyflavone | |
| 2-methylcyclohexanone 2-methylcyclohexanone: structure in first source. 2-methylcyclohexanone : A member of the class of cyclohexanones that is cyclohexanone substituted by a methyl group at position 2. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | cyclohexanones | flavouring agent; plant metabolite |
| 4-methylcyclohexanol 4-methylcyclohexanol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-cumylphenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| ethylmalonic acid ethylmalonic acid: don't confuse with diethyl malonate, which is a diester. ethylmalonate : A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of ethylmalonic acid.. ethylmalonic acid : A dicarboxylic acid obtained by substitution of one of the methylene hydrogens of malonic acid by an ethyl group. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid | human metabolite |
| 5-methylisatin 5-methylisatin: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| indoxyl acetate [no description available] | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | indoles | |
| phenylglyoxylic acid phenylglyoxylic acid: styrene metabolite. phenylglyoxylic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is glyoxylic acid in which the aldehyde hydrogen is substituted by a phenyl group. | 3.59 | 9 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid 2-hydroxyphenylacetic acid: structure. (2-hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-hydroxyphenyl group. It is a metabolite of phenylalanine and is excreted in the urine of patients suffering from diseases like phenylketonuria. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; phenols | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2-hydrazinobenzothiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine. | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary |
| 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol: structure in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid 3-hydroxybenzeneacetic acid: metabolite of L-dopa; structure. 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is phenylacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 3 on the benzene ring is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 5.03 | 3 | 1 | monocarboxylic acid; phenols | human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 2-hexanol hexan-2-ol : A hexanol in which the hydroxy group is at position 2. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | hexanol; secondary alcohol | human metabolite; plant metabolite; semiochemical |
| 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene : A methoxybenzene that is benzene substituted by methoxy groups at positions 1, 2 and 3 respectively. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | plant metabolite |
| erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively. | 3.36 | 2 | 0 | cyclic ketone; erythromycin | |
| 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone 2-amino-5-chlorbenzophenone: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diphenamid diphenamid: do not confuse with anti-inflammatory agent difenpiramide; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| 4-(4-nitrobenzyl)pyridine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxylic acid: has anti-tumor, antiviral, hypoglycemic, antifungal and anti-HIV activities; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| zinc oxide Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | zinc molecular entity | |
| vancomycin Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | glycopeptide | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| pseudouridine [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pseudouridines | fundamental metabolite |
| 2-acetylbenzofuran 2-acetylbenzofuran: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| spectinomycin Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | cyclic acetal; cyclic hemiketal; cyclic ketone; pyranobenzodioxin; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| rebemide rebemide: insect repellent; RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| pyrazon pyrazon: structure; do not confuse with phenazone which is a synonym to antipyrine. chloridazon : A pyridazinone that is pyridazin-3(2H)-one substituted by an amino group at position 5, a chloro group at position 4 and a phenyl group at position 2. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; organochlorine compound; primary amino compound; pyridazinone | environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| 2-amino-5-nitrobenzophenone 2-amino-5-nitrobenzophenone: urinary metabolite of nitrazepam | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| (4-tert-Butyl-phenoxy)-acetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | |
| meldrum's acid Meldrum's acid: structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| decyltrimethylammonium decyltrimethylammonium ion : A quarternary ammonium cation having one decyl and three methyl substituents around the central nitrogen. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| lenacil lenacil: Russian drug. herbicide : A substance used to destroy plant pests.. lenacil : A cyclopentapyrimidine that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine-2,4(3H,5H)-dione substituted by a cyclohexyl group at position 3. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | cyclopentapyrimidine | agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| 5-phenylvaleric acid 5-phenylvaleric acid: from Polygonum salicifolium. 5-phenylpentanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is valeric acid substituted by a phenyl group at the delta-position. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; monocarboxylic acid | |
| 4-nitrohippuric acid 4-nitrohippuric acid: major metabolite of 4-nitrobenzoic acid | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chlordesmethyldiazepam [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodiazepine | |
| 2-amino-2',5-dichlorobenzophenone 2-amino-2',5-dichlorobenzophenone: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-phthalimidobutyric acid 4-phthalimidobutyric acid: teratogen; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| azabutyrone azabutyrone: Russian drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)phenol : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 1,3-benzothiazole substituted by a 2-hydroxyphenyl group at position 2. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles; phenols | geroprotector |
| 4,5-dichlorocatechol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose. | 7 | 1 | 0 | D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose | metabolite |
| n-butylbenzenesulfonamide N-butylbenzenesulfonamide: a neurotoxic plasticising agent. N-butylbenzenesulfonamide : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted by a butyl group at the nitrogen atom. It has been isolated from the plant Prunus africana and has been shown to exhibit antiandrogenic activity. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | neurotoxin; plant metabolite |
| acedoben 4-acetamidobenzoic acid : A amidobenzoic acid that consists of benzoic acid bearing an acetamido substituent at position 4. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| 3-phenoxybenzoic acid 3-phenoxybenzoic acid: metabolite associated with exposure to pyrethroid insecticides. 3-phenoxybenzoic acid : A phenoxybenzoic acid in which the phenoxy group is meta to the carboxy group. It is a metabolite of pyrethroid insecticides. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phenoxybenzoic acid | human xenobiotic metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite |
| streptomycin [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins | antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| carbonates Carbonates: Salts or ions of the theoretical carbonic acid, containing the radical CO2(3-). Carbonates are readily decomposed by acids. The carbonates of the alkali metals are water-soluble; all others are insoluble. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). carbonates : Organooxygen compounds that are salts or esters of carbonic acid, H2CO3. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | carbon oxoanion | |
| 3-o-methylgallic acid 3-O-methylgallic acid: structure in first source. 3-O-methylgallic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is gallic acid in which the phenolic hydroxy group at position 3 is converted into the corresponding methyl ether. | 4.39 | 1 | 1 | benzoic acids; catechols | |
| 2-(2-hydroxyethylmercapto)benzothiazole 2-(2-hydroxyethylmercapto)benzothiazole: reaction product of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, well-known rubber vulcanization accelerator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| carbenicillin disodium [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | |
| trioctylmethylammonium trioctylmethylammonium: used in high performance liquid chromatography for the separation of tRNA; RN given refers to chloride. methyltrioctylammonium : A quaternary ammonium ion with three octyl groups and one methyl group attached to the nitrogen. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
| norleucine Norleucine: An unnatural amino acid that is used experimentally to study protein structure and function. It is structurally similar to METHIONINE, however it does not contain SULFUR.. L-norleucine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino group at C-2. It does not occur naturally. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 2-aminohexanoic acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
| carboxin Carboxin: A systemic agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. carboxin : An anilide obtained by formal condensation of the amino group of aniline with the carboxy group of 2-methyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiine-3-carboxylic acid. A fungicide for control of bunts and smuts that is normally used as a seed treatment. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide fungicide; anilide; enamide; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; oxacycle; secondary carboxamide | antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor |
| 1-hydroxypyrene 1-hydroxypyrene: pyrene metabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | pyrenes | |
| methenamine hippurate methenamine hippurate: both parts of molecule contribute to its antibacterial action | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | |
| limonene Limonene: A naturally-occurring class of MONOTERPENES which occur as a clear colorless liquid at room temperature. Limonene is the major component in the oil of oranges which has many uses, including as flavor and fragrance. It is recognized as safe in food by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).. limonene : A monoterpene that is cyclohex-1-ene substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4 respectively. | 2 | 1 | 0 | cycloalkene; p-menthadiene | human metabolite |
| meturin [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | elemental mercury; zinc group element atom | neurotoxin |
| osmium Osmium: A very hard, gray, toxic, and nearly infusible metal element, atomic number 76, atomic weight 190.2, symbol Os. | 7.08 | 1 | 0 | iron group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| technetium Technetium: The first artificially produced element and a radioactive fission product of URANIUM. Technetium has the atomic symbol Tc, and atomic number 43. All technetium isotopes are radioactive. Technetium 99m (m=metastable) which is the decay product of Molybdenum 99, has a half-life of about 6 hours and is used diagnostically as a radioactive imaging agent. Technetium 99 which is a decay product of technetium 99m, has a half-life of 210,000 years. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | manganese group element atom | |
| cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common. | 8.05 | 4 | 0 | cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom | |
| chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | chromium group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| zirconium Zirconium: A rather rare metallic element with atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.224, and symbol Zr. | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | titanium group element atom | |
| mercuric chloride Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | mercury coordination entity | sensitiser |
| monoethylglycinexylidide monoethylglycinexylidide: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; metabolite of xylocaine; structure. monoethylglycinexylidide : Amino acid amide formed from 2,6-dimethylaniline and N-ethylglycine components; an active metabolite of lidocaine, formed by oxidative deethylation. Used as an indicator of hepatic function. | 3.32 | 2 | 0 | amino acid amide | drug metabolite |
| sodium sulfate [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | |
| tricalcium phosphate tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | calcium phosphate | |
| sodium thiosulfate sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio. | 2.33 | 2 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | antidote to cyanide poisoning; antifungal drug; nephroprotective agent |
| deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus. | 4.63 | 6 | 1 | dihydrogen | |
| chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family. | 3.14 | 1 | 0 | diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity | bleaching agent |
| thallium sulfate thallium sulfate: RN given refers to unspecified Tl salt. thallium sulfate : A metal sulfate in which the counterion is thallium and the ratio of thallium to sulfate is 2:1. It is a rodenticide used to control rats, squirrels, mice, moles, prairie dogs, ants and cockroaches. It is no longer registered for pesticide use in the United States. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | metal sulfate; thallium molecular entity | insecticide; rodenticide |
| 2-bromo-N-phenylbenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| ethionine L-ethionine : An S-ethylhomocysteine that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | S-ethylhomocysteine | antimetabolite; carcinogenic agent |
| 4-chlorohippuric acid 4-chlorohippuric acid: metabolite of zomepirac; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid carrying a chloro substituent at position 4. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | chlorophenoxyacetic acid; monochlorobenzenes | phenoxy herbicide |
| tiletamine hydrochloride Cyclohexanones: Cyclohexane ring substituted by one or more ketones in any position.. cyclohexanones : Any alicyclic ketone based on a cyclohexane skeleton and its substituted derivatives thereof. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,5-dichloro-1,4-phenylenediamine 2,5-dichloro-1,4-phenylenediamine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| iodine [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic iodine | human metabolite |
| metribuzin metribuzin : A member of the class of 1,2,4-triazines that is 1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one substituted by an amino group at position 4, tert-butyl group at position 6 and a methylsulfanyl group at position 3. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,4-triazines; cyclic ketone; organic sulfide | agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic |
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 4.69 | 9 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| acetylacetone acetylacetone : A beta-diketone that is pentane in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 4 are replaced by oxo groups. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | beta-diketone | |
| tetrachloroethylene Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | chlorocarbon; chloroethenes | nephrotoxic agent |
| mono-benzyl phthalate monobenzyl phthalate : A phthalic acid monoester resulting from the formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with the hydroxy group of benzyl alcohol. It is a major metabolite of the plasticiser butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP). | 2 | 1 | 0 | phthalic acid monoester | xenobiotic metabolite; xenoestrogen |
| alkenes [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calcium oxalate Calcium Oxalate: The calcium salt of oxalic acid, occurring in the urine as crystals and in certain calculi.. calcium oxalate : The calcium salt of oxalic acid, which in excess in the urine may lead to formation of oxalate calculi (kidney stones). | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | organic calcium salt | |
| glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 3.24 | 6 | 0 | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
| amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group. | 2.87 | 3 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug |
| 2,5-dimethyl-3-furancarboxanilide 2,5-dimethyl-3-furancarboxanilide: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| moricizine hydrochloride moricizine hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt obtained from equimola amounts of moricizine and hydrogen chloride. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | anti-arrhythmia drug |
| s-adenosylmethionine acylcarnitine: structure in first source. S-adenosyl-L-methioninate : A sulfonium betaine that is a conjugate base of S-adenosyl-L-methionine obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | sulfonium betaine | human metabolite |
| 2-benzimidazolylguanidine 2-benzimidazolylguanidine: effects chloride efflux in tissue; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aminoimidazole | |
| ticarcillin Ticarcillin: An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.. ticarcillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | penicillin allergen; penicillin | antibacterial drug |
| diflubenzuron Diflubenzuron: An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.. diflubenzuron : A benzoylurea insecticide that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced bgy a 2,6-difluorobenzoyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzoylurea insecticide; monochlorobenzenes | insect sterilant |
| pentafluorobenzoyl-n-phenylethylamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate | antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent |
| thidiazuron [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| phenthiazamine phenthiazamine: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. | 3.38 | 7 | 0 | alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| cefoperazone Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | cephalosporin | antibacterial drug |
| 5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid 5,5-diphenylbarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| arsenobetaine [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | organic salt | |
| 3-acetamidobenzoic acid N-acetyl-m-aminobenzoic acid: from Solanum laciniatum; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| indoxyl 3-hydroxyindole: inhibits amyloid fibril formation; structure in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | heteroaryl hydroxy compound; hydroxyindoles | |
| dazoxiben hydrochloride [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic) | EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug |
| pravastatin Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; carbobicyclic compound; carboxylic ester; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; secondary alcohol; statin (semi-synthetic) | anticholesteremic drug; environmental contaminant; metabolite; xenobiotic |
| succinylsulfanilamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| technetium tc 99m mertiatide Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide: A technetium diagnostic aid used in renal function determination. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | ||
| benzylaminopurine benzylaminopurine: a plant growth regulator. N-benzyladenine : A member of the class of 6-aminopurines that is adenine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group is replaced by a benzyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 6-aminopurines | cytokinin; plant metabolite |
| potassium phosphate potassium phosphate: used in dental materials and to treat hypophosphatemia; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified MF. tripotassium phosphate : An inorganic potassium salt that is the tripotassium salt of phosphoric acid. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | inorganic phosphate salt; inorganic potassium salt | |
| venlafaxine hydrochloride Venlafaxine Hydrochloride: A cyclohexanol and phenylethylamine derivative that functions as a SEROTONIN AND NORADRENALINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI) and is used as an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | |
| ciprofloxacin hydrochloride anhydrous [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; topoisomerase IV inhibitor |
| src-820 r [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope; mouse metabolite |
| n-methylnicotinamide N-methylnicotinamide: structure. N-methylnicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is nicotinamide in which one of the amide hydrogens is substituted by a methyl group. | 5.25 | 4 | 1 | pyridinecarboxamide | metabolite |
| n(4)-acetylsulfadiazine N(4)-acetylsulfadiazine: main metabolite of sulfadiazine. N(4)-acetylsulfadiazine : A sulfonamide that is benzenesulfonamide substituted by an acetylamino group at position 4 and a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is a metabolite of the drug sulfadiazine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; pyrimidines; sulfonamide | marine xenobiotic metabolite |
| 1,5-anhydroglucitol 1,5-anhydroglucitol: structure. 1,5-anhydro-D-glucitol : An anhydro sugar of D-glucitol. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anhydro sugar | human metabolite |
| thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. | 2 | 1 | 0 | organic bromide salt | colorimetric reagent; dye |
| epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. | 4.39 | 1 | 1 | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| n-acetylaspartic acid N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid : An N-acyl-L-aspartic acid in which the acyl group is specified as acetyl. | 4.14 | 3 | 1 | N-acetyl-L-amino acid; N-acyl-L-aspartic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; rat metabolite |
| homocitrulline L-homocitrulline : A L-lysine derivative that is L-lysine having a carbamoyl group at the N(6)-position. It is found in individuals with urea cycle disorders. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; L-lysine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; ureas | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| norvaline norvaline: differs from valine in being 1 carbon longer instead of branched; RN given refers to (L)-isomer; structure. L-2-aminopentanoic acid : A 2-aminopentanoic acid that has S-configuration. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 2-aminopentanoic acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion | bacterial metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; neuroprotective agent |
| 4-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone 4-nitro-alpha-acetylamino-beta-hydroxypropiophenone: inhibitory agent for the differentiation of mammalian tuberculosis strains from other Mycobacteria | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | glutathione derivative; organic disulfide | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| cephalosporin c cephalosporin C: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #1937. cephalosporin C : A cephalosporin antibiotic carrying a 3-acetoxymethyl substituent and a 6-oxo-N(6)-L-lysino group at position 7. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | cephalosporin | fungal metabolite |
| formetamide formetamide: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isbufylline isbufylline: RN from Toxlit | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xenon radioisotopes Xenon Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of xenon that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Xe atoms with atomic weights 121-123, 125, 127, 133, 135, 137-145 are radioactive xenon isotopes. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| estradiol 3,17-disulfate estradiol 3,17-disulfate: RN given refers to (17beta)-isomer | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | steroid sulfate | |
| 4-phenylbenzoic acid 4-phenylbenzoic acid: RN given refers to 4-carboxylic cpd | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,4-diaminopyrimidine 2,6-diaminopyrimidine: structure in first source. pyrimidine-2,4-diamine : An aminopyrimidine in which a pyrimidine nucleus is substituted with amino groups at C-2 and C-4. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine | |
| 1,7-phenanthroline [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | phenanthroline | |
| triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,3-triazole | |
| phenylacetylglycine phenylacetylglycine : A N-acylglycine that is glycine substituted on nitrogen with a phenylacetyl group. | 5.59 | 16 | 1 | monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid; N-acylglycine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| hydracrylic acid 3-hydroxypropionic acid : A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the terminal carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; omega-hydroxy-short-chain fatty acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| N-benzoylanthranilic acid N-benzoylanthranilic acid : An amidobenzoic acid comprising benzoic acid having a benzamido group at the 2-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| butinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| n-(2-carboxyphenyl)glycine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n,n-dimethyl-4-anisidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-benzoylpiperidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; N-acylpiperidine | |
| 2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid 2-phenylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid: RN given for (trans)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-demethylantipyrine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrazoles; ring assembly | |
| ethyl tyrosine ester ethyl tyrosine ester: RN given refers to L-isomer. ethyl L-tyrosinate : An L-tyrosyl ester that is L-tyrosine in which the hydrogen of the carboxy group has been replaced by an ethyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester; L-tyrosyl ester | |
| leucyltyrosine leucyltyrosine: RN given refers to L-Tyr,L-Leu-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 4/93 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| 3-(2-pyridyl)-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,4-triazines | |
| 2-amino-5-bromopyridine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tyrosine methyl ester tyrosine methyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. methyl L-tyrosinate : An L-tyrosyl ester that is the methyl ester of L-tyrosine. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | L-tyrosyl ester; methyl ester | |
| leucyl-glycyl-glycine leucyl-glycyl-glycine: RN given refers to (L-Leu)-isomer. Leu-Gly-Gly : A tripeptide composed of one L-leucine and two glycine residues joined in sequence. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | tripeptide | metabolite |
| acetylleucine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | L-leucine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | metabolite |
| n-benzoylalanine, (dl-ala)-isomer [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | alanine derivative; N-acyl-amino acid | metabolite |
| bicinchoninic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| betamipron [no description available] | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound | |
| adosterol Adosterol: A sterol usually substituted with radioactive iodine. It is an adrenal cortex scanning agent with demonstrated high adrenal concentration and superior adrenal imaging. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hesperetin [no description available] | 3.51 | 1 | 1 | 3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; monomethoxyflavanone; trihydroxyflavanone | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| benzoylpropionic acid benzoylpropionic acid: structure in first source. 4-oxo-4-phenylbutyric acid : A 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid bearing oxo and phenyl substituents at position 4. | 2.47 | 2 | 0 | 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid | hapten |
| indole-2-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | indolyl carboxylic acid | |
| Evoxine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid: precursor of mutagenic nitroso cpd in soy sauce; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | harmala alkaloid | |
| N-Benzylphthalimide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | isoindoles | |
| pyromellitic diimide pyromellitic diimide: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-methylhippuric acid N-methylhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is N-methylglycine in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a benzoyl group. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; N-acylglycine | EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor |
| 4'-bromosalicylanilide 4'-bromosalicylanilide: photoproduct from UV-irradiation of tribromsalan; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane: methoxychlor metabolite | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | bisphenol | |
| terephthalamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenedicarboxamide | |
| leucylleucine Leu-Leu : A dipeptide formed from two L-leucine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide; L-aminoacyl-L-amino acid zwitterion | human metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| phenylalanylleucine phenylalanylleucine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide | plant metabolite |
| 3(2h)-pyridazinone, 4-chloro-5-(dimethylamino)-2-phenyl- [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-nitrophenylacetic acid (2-nitrophenyl)acetic acid : A member of the class of phenylacetic acids that is phenylacetic acid in which the phenyl grup is substituted at the ortho- position by a nitro group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; phenylacetic acids | |
| onychine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4'-methoxyflavone 4'-methoxyflavone: from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (Fabaceae); structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ether; flavonoids | |
| 1,3-diphenyl-2-aminopropane 1,3-diphenyl-2-aminopropane: structure given in the first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methyl tryptophan, (l-trp)-isomer [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,2-diphenylpropionic acid 2,2-diphenylpropionic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetamide 3,4-dimethoxyphenylacetamide: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid 2-amino-5-bromobenzoic acid: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)aniline 2-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)aniline : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a 2-aminophenyl group at position 2. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles; primary arylamine; substituted aniline | geroprotector |
| N-Acetylhomoveratrylamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-nitrophenyl dimethylcarbamate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| leucyl-alanine Leu-Ala : A dipeptide composed of L-leucine and L-alanine joined by a peptide linkage. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| tryptophan ethyl ester tryptophan ethyl ester: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-(4-tolylsulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(4-tolylsulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; can be used for fluorometric determination of zinc; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| leucyl-leucyl-leucine leucyl-leucyl-leucine: RN given refers to (L-Leu-L-Leu-L-Leu)-isomer. Leu-Leu-Leu : A tripeptide formed from three L-leucine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | tripeptide | metabolite |
| 5-methoxyindole-3-carbaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| 2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-4-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolinemonocarboxylic acid | |
| tyrosylleucine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| 6-methoxy-2,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | beta-carbolines | |
| coenzyme a [no description available] | 7.65 | 3 | 0 | adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate | coenzyme; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pd 147953 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fenozan fenozan: do not confuse with the phenothiazine phenosan | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| Trp-Trp tryptophyltryptophan: an antigelation agent. Trp-Trp : A dipeptide formed from two L-tryptophan residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| 5-phenylbarbituric acid 5-phenylbarbituric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| diethylpropion hydrochloride diethylpropion hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of diethylpropion. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | appetite depressant |
| homocysteine Homocysteine: A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.. homocysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain.. L-homocysteine : A homocysteine that has L configuration. | 4.02 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine; serine family amino acid | fundamental metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 2-methylhippuric acid 2-methylhippuric acid: urinary metabolite of o-xylene. o-methylhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the ortho-methyl derivative of hippuric acid. | 8.93 | 13 | 0 | N-acylglycine | metabolite |
| 3-hydroxybutyric acid (R)-3-hydroxybutyric acid : The R-enantiomer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid. Involved in the synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, it can be used as an energy source by the brain during hypoglycaemia, and for the synthesis of biodegradable plastics. It is a sex pheremone in the European spider Linyphia triangularis. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxybutyric acid; ketone body | fungal metabolite; human metabolite; pheromone |
| glycyltryptophan glycyltryptophan: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Gly-Trp : A dipeptide formed from glycine and L-tryptophan residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| phenylacetylglutamine N(2)-phenylacetyl-L-glutamine : An a N(2)-phenylacetylglutamine having L-configuration. | 10.73 | 7 | 1 | N(2)-phenylacetylglutamine | human metabolite |
| 1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropane-1,3-diol 1-(4'-nitrophenyl)-2-aminopropane-1,3-diol: chloramphenicol minus dichloroacetamide side chain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycyltyrosine Gly-Tyr : A dipeptide composed of glycine and L-tyrosine joined by a peptide linkage. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| glycylleucine Gly-Leu : A dipeptide composed of glycine and L-leucine joined by a peptide linkage. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide | metabolite |
| histidine methyl ester histidine methyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer; structure given in first source. histidine methyl ester : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the methyl ester of histidine. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | histidine derivative | |
| glycyl-l-phenylalanine glycylphenylalanine: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer. Gly-Phe : A dipeptide formed from glycine and L-phenylalanine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide | human metabolite; metabolite |
| beta-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid beta-hydroxyphenylpropionic acid: benzoic acid metabolite in urine. 3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionic acid : A 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropionic acid in which one of the hydrogens beta to the carboxy group is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid | |
| beta-hydroxyphenylalanine beta-hydroxyphenylalanine: RN given refers to beta cpd | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-acetylphenylalanine ethyl ester N-acetylphenylalanine ethyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| (S)-3-hydroxybutyric acid (S)-3-hydroxybutyric acid : The S-enantiomer of 3-hydroxybutyric acid; a normal human metabolite, that has been found elevated in geriatric patients remitting from depression. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | 3-hydroxybutyric acid | |
| hippuryl-histidyl-leucine hippuryl-histidyl-leucine: synthetic substrate for angiotensin converting enzyme; used in affinity chromatography | 3.87 | 12 | 0 | ||
| 3-(n-salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole 3-(N-salicyloyl)amino-1,2,4-triazole: synthetic chelating agent used chiefly to inhibit corrosion of copper | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline 7-chloro-4-aminoquinoline: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline | |
| glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | D-glucuronic acid | algal metabolite |
| acridine-9-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid: from Streptomyces cinnamonensis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source. phenazine-1-carboxylic acid : An aromatic carboxylic acid that is phenazine substituted at C-1 with a carboxy group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic carboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; phenazines | antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| 4,5-diphenyl-1,5-dihydroimidazol-2-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| 2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(methoxyphenyl)ethanone 2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(methoxyphenyl)ethanone: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-methyl-N-(phenylmethyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-n-butylaminobenzoic acid 4-n-butylaminobenzoic acid: degradation product of tetracaine. 4-(butylamino)benzoic acid : 4-Aminobenzoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a butyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amino acid | |
| fluoren-9-ol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(2-carboxyethyl)uracil [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| alanylphenylalanine alanylphenylalanine: RN given refers to (L-Ala-L-PheAla)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| hippuryl-l-arginine [no description available] | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| glycyl-leucyl-tyrosine glycyl-leucyl-tyrosine: structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
| 1-benzylindole 1-benzylindole: structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,3-bis(2-pyridinyl)quinoxaline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
| 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diol 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls formed formally by chlorination of biphenyl-4,4'-diol at C-3, -3', -5 and -5'. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; hydroxybiphenyls | |
| 5-nitro-2-(1-piperidinyl)pyridine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 2-amino-5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyridine 2-amino-5,7-dimethyl-1,8-naphthyridine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-benzoyl-l-arginine N-benzoyl-L-arginine: RM given refers to (l)-isomer; structure. N-benzoyl-L-arginine : An N-acyl-L-arginine that is L-arginine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-amino group has been replaced by a benzoyl group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; N-acyl-L-arginine | |
| benzoylphenylalanine N-benzoyl-L-phenylalanine : An N-acyl-L-phenylalanine that is L-phenylalanine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a benzoyl group. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | 2-(benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropanoic acid; N-acyl-L-phenylalanine | |
| 4-methylhippuric acid 4-methylhippuric acid: urinary metabolite of p-xylene. p-methylhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as 4-methylbenzoyl. | 9 | 14 | 0 | N-acylglycine | metabolite |
| N-Acetyl-DL-aspartic acid [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | aspartic acid derivative | |
| 5-benzyloxytryptophan [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-(hippuryl)phenylalanine N-(hippuryl)phenylalanine: RN given for (L)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,5-diethoxy-4-morpholinoaniline 2,5-diethoxy-4-morpholinoaniline: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-hydroxy-3-phenacyloxindole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-methylhippuric acid 3-methylhippuric acid: urinary metabolite of m-xylene. m-methylhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 3-methyl derivative of hippuric acid. | 3.99 | 14 | 0 | N-acylglycine | metabolite |
| 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid 2-hydroxyisovaleric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid : A valine derivative that is valine in which the amino group has been replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite |
| carbobenzoxyphenylalanine, (dl-phe)-isomer [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| aminomalonic acid aminomalonic acid: aspartase-ammonia ligase inhibitor. aminomalonic acid : An amino dicarboxylic acid that is malonic acid in which one of the methylene hydrogens has been replaced by an amino group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | amino dicarboxylic acid | Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite |
| leucine-beta-naphthylamide leucine-beta-naphthylamide: aminopeptidase substrate. L-leucine 2-naphthylamide : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-leucine with the amino group of 2-naphthylamine. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide; L-leucine derivative; N-(2-naphthyl)carboxamide | chromogenic compound |
| 2-amino-4-phenylbutyric acid 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid: structure in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropanoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is 3-hydroxypropanoic acid substituted by a 3-hydroxyphenyl group at position 3. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; phenols | human urinary metabolite |
| cyanates Cyanates: Organic salts of cyanic acid containing the -OCN radical.. cyanates : Salts and esters of cyanic acid, HOC#N; compounds carrying the cyanate functional group -O-C#N.. isocyanates : Organonitrogen compounds that are derivatives of isocyanic acid; compounds containing the isocyanate functional group -N=C=O (as opposed to the cyanate group, -O-C#N). | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| valylvaline valylvaline: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Val-Val : A dipeptide formed from two L-valine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate 3-((3-cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonium)-1-propanesulfonate: a surfactant; structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 1,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate | |
| perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| s-benzyl-n-acetyl-l-cysteine S-benzyl-N-acetyl-L-cysteine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. N-acetyl-S-benzyl-L-cysteine : The S-benzyl derivative of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | organic sulfide; S-substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine | human urinary metabolite; rat metabolite |
| procyanidin Proanthocyanidins: Dimers and oligomers of flavan-3-ol units (CATECHIN analogs) linked mainly through C4 to C8 bonds to leucoanthocyanidins. They are structurally similar to ANTHOCYANINS but are the result of a different fork in biosynthetic pathways. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | proanthocyanidin | |
| gamma-fagarine gamma-fagarine: active alkaloid of Chinese medicines from Dictamni radicis cortex (Rutaceae); structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| valerates Valerates: Derivatives of valeric acid, including its salts and esters. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | short-chain fatty acid anion; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion | plant metabolite |
| benzoyl glucuronide benzoyl glucuronide: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 7.87 | 4 | 0 | glucosiduronic acid | |
| 3-carboxymethyl-6-benzyl-2,5-diketopiperazine 3-carboxymethyl-6-benzyl-2,5-diketopiperazine: formed in aqueous solution by aspartame; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound | |
| 4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide 4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| benzoyl-coenzyme a benzoyl-coenzyme A: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| dansylsarcosine [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| emoxypine succinate emoxypine succinate: has antihypoxic effects | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-carbamyltryptophan N-carbamyltryptophan: RN given refers to (D)-isomer | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone 2,4,6-trimethoxyacetophenone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n,n-dimethylarginine N,N-dimethylarginine: asymmetric dimethylarginine; do not confuse with N,N'-dimethylarginine. N(omega),N(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative having two methyl groups both attached to the primary amino moiety of the guanidino group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dimethylarginine; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
| 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-2-furanpropionic acid: structure in first source. 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-4-methyl-5-propylfuran-3-carboxylic acid : A furoic acid that is furan-3-carboxylic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 4, a propyl group at position 5 and a 2-carboxyethyl group at position 2. It is a potent uremic toxin that has been found to accumulate in human serum of patients with chronic kidney diseases. | 14.57 | 24 | 1 | dicarboxylic acid; furoic acid | human metabolite; uremic toxin |
| methotrexate [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines | abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent |
| 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,5-diphenyl-1h-pyrazole 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazole: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-methyoxybenzoyl-n-glycine [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | N-acylglycine | |
| 5-ethoxy-2-ethylmercaptobenzimidazole 5-ethoxy-2-ethylmercaptobenzimidazole: has activating effect on peritoneal macrophages; RN given does not give position for ethoxy group | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-naphthoylglycine 2-naphthoylglycine: RN not in Chemline 8/18/82 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | ||
| sk&f 95654 SK&F 95654: structure given in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5(6)-1(2h)-phthalazinonyl-4(1h)-benzimidazole-2-carbamate methyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | D-xylose | |
| n-phenyliminodiacetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| teomorfolin teomorfolin: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(1-piperidinyl)-1-propanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles | |
| 4-hydroxyhippuric acid p-hydroxyhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-hydroxy derivative of hippuric acid. | 4.64 | 6 | 1 | N-acylglycine | human blood serum metabolite |
| n-benzoyltyrosine N-benzoyltyrosine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine : An N-acyl-L-tyrosine that is L-tyrosine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a benzoyl group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzamides; N-acyl-L-tyrosine | |
| threonic acid threonic acid: RN given refers to (R*,S*)-isomer | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | threonic acid | |
| n-(aminocarbonyl)-2-chlorobenzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-hydroxy-2-quinoxalinepropionic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-(methylsulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(methylsulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| prolyl-tyrosine prolyl-tyrosine: structure given in first source. Pro-Tyr : A dipeptide formed from L-proline and L-tyrosine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| glycylphenylalanine 2-naphthylamide glycylphenylalanine 2-naphthylamide: cathepsin C substrate; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. glycyl-L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide : An N-(2-naphthyl)carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of glycyl-L-phenylalanine with the amino group of 2-naphthylamine. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide; N-(2-naphthyl)carboxamide | chromogenic compound |
| naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. | 2.99 | 4 | 0 | methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent. | 2 | 1 | 0 | oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species | |
| carbodiimides Carbodiimides: Compounds with the general formula RN=C=NR, where R is a hydrocarbyl group.. methanediimine : A carbodiimide in which both nitrogens are unsubstituted. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | carbodiimide | |
| 4-acetylaminohippuric acid [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n(4)-acetylsulfamonomethoxine N(4)-acetylsulfamonomethoxine: main urinary metabolite of sulfamonomethoxine in pigs | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| kynurenine L-kynurenine : A kynurenine that has L configuration. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; kynurenine; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 8-(4-benzenesulfonylamino)quinoline 8-(4-benzenesulfonylamino)quinoline: has diabetogenic properties; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methindione methindione: used in treatment of epilepsy; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methylinositol methylinositol: from Ebenus haussknechtii; structure in first source. pinitol : A cyclitol ether formed by etherification of the 3-hydroxy group of chiro-inositol. It is plant metabolite isolated from the leaves of Sutherlandia frutescens.. 1D-4-O-methyl-myo-inositol : A member of the class of methyl myo-inositols that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol substituted by a methoxy group at position 6 (the 1R,2S,3S,4S,5S,6S-isomer).. D-pinitol : The D-enantiomer of pinitol. | 4.45 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 3,4-dihydroxybenzophenone 3,4-dihydroxybenzophenone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| technetium tc 99m pentetate Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate: A technetium imaging agent used in renal scintigraphy, computed tomography, lung ventilation imaging, gastrointestinal scintigraphy, and many other procedures which employ radionuclide imaging agents. | 4.47 | 5 | 1 | ||
| symmetric dimethylarginine N(omega),N'(omega)-dimethyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative having two methyl groups at the N(omega)- and N'(omega)-positions | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; dimethylarginine; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
| gamma-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-hydroxyglutaric acid 3-hydroxyglutaric acid : A 3 hydroxy carboxylic acid that is glutaric acid which is substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It is a diagnostic marker for glutaric aciduria type I. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy carboxylic acid; alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid | human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite |
| 2-[(3-oxo-1-cyclohexenyl)amino]benzonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; nitrile | |
| isospaglumic acid isospaglumic acid: mediator in the sensitivity of animals to hyperbaric oxygenation; Naaxia is the tradename; apparently can have both a neuroprotective and a neurotoxic effect. Ac-Asp-Glu : A dipeptide composed of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid joined by a peptide linkage. | 3.51 | 1 | 1 | dipeptide | human metabolite |
| isonicotinylamide gaba [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-aminobenzoylglutamic acid 4-aminobenzoylglutamic acid: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. N-(4-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamic acid : A dipeptide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of 4-aminobenzoic acid with the amino group of L-glutamic acid. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide; N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline | |
| 5-fluorotryptamine monohydrochloride [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-iodo-n-(2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl)benzamide 4-iodo-N-(2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl)benzamide: the iodinated analog of moclobemide; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(hydroxyacetyl)indole 3-(hydroxyacetyl)indole: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| n-(4-aminophenylsulfonyl)morpholine compound 82 208: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1H-indol-3-yl-(4-methoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylindole | |
| butyrylcarnitine butyrylcarnitine: structure in first source. O-butanoyl-L-carnitine : An optically active form of O-butanoylcarnitine having L-configuration.. O-butanoylcarnitine : A C4-acylcarnitine that is the O-butanoyl derivative of carnitine. | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | O-butanoylcarnitine; saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine | metabolite |
| 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole 2-amino-5-phenyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-(1-phenylethyl)acetamide N-(1-phenylethyl)acetamide : A member of the class of acetamides resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of 1-phenylethylamine with 1 mol eq. of acetic acid. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; secondary carboxamide | |
| alpha-(trichloromethyl)-4-pyridineethanol alpha-(trichloromethyl)-4-pyridineethanol: activates caspase-3 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridines | |
| cellulose triacetate cellulose triacetate: for hemodialysis filtration | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ml 204 ML 204: modulates both TRPC4 and TRPC5 channels; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| eudesmin eudesmin: RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer; structure given in first source; very similar to pinoresinol | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| 2-amino-4-methyl-3-nitropyridine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenyl-2-oxazoline 4,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-phenyl-2-oxazoline: Anticonvulsant | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-acetylhistidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | histidine derivative; N-acetyl-amino acid | |
| 1-(1-oxo-2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| acivicin [no description available] | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | isoxazoles; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound | antileishmanial agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor; glutamine antagonist; metabolite |
| 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-(2-ethoxyphenyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| 4-methoxyxanthone 4-methoxyxanthone: a vasodilator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-phenoxyacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 1-phenylindolin-2-one 1-phenylindolin-2-one: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(benzenesulfonyl)indole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 2,4,4,6-Tetramethyl-1,4-dihydro-3,5-pyridinedicarbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dihydropyridine | |
| pifithrin mu 2-phenylacetylenesulfonamide: induces p53-independent apoptotic killing of B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells; also inhibits Hsp70 and autophagy | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes | |
| sorbinil sorbinil: aldose reductase inhibitor. sorbinil : An azaspiro compound having a monofluoro-substituted chromane skeleton spiro-linked to an imidazolidinedione ring. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | azaspiro compound; chromanes; imidazolidinone; organofluorine compound; oxaspiro compound | antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor |
| 2-benzyloxybenzaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-guanidine-4-methylquinazoline 2-guanidine-4-methylquinazoline: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-phenylcarbamic acid 2-phenoxyethyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester | |
| 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid: metabolite of caffeic acid; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropionic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 4. Also known as dihydrocaffeic acid, it is a metabolite of caffeic acid and exhibits antioxidant activity. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | (dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid | antioxidant; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazin-3-ol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| mequindox Mequindox: a synthetic quinoxaline 1,4-dioxide derivative which can effectively improve growth and feed efficiency in animals; structure in first source | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | ||
| N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | diarylmethane | |
| glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| arabinose [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | L-arabinose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| fibrin Fibrin: A protein derived from FIBRINOGEN in the presence of THROMBIN, which forms part of the blood clot. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
| naringenin (S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin. | 3.91 | 2 | 1 | (2S)-flavan-4-one; naringenin | expectorant; plant metabolite |
| pantetheine Pantetheine: An intermediate in the pathway of coenzyme A formation in mammalian liver and some microorganisms.. pantetheine : An amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of pantothenic acid and the amino group of cysteamine. | 6.93 | 1 | 0 | pantetheines; thiol | human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone | anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| tartaric acid tartaric acid: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-tartaric acid : The D-enantiomer of tartaric acid. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | tartaric acid | Escherichia coli metabolite |
| alpha-hydroxyglutarate, (l)-isomer [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxyglutaric acid | |
| fructans (2->6)-beta-D-fructan : A fructan compound consisting of repeating (2->6)-beta-linked fructofuranose units. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| digitoxin Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain. | 2 | 1 | 0 | cardenolide glycoside | EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor |
| indican [no description available] | 11.73 | 57 | 4 | beta-D-glucoside; exopolysaccharide; indolyl carbohydrate | |
| ochratoxin a ochratoxin A: structure in first source & in Merck, 9th ed, #6549. ochratoxin A : A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | isochromanes; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acyl-L-phenylalanine; organochlorine compound; phenylalanine derivative | Aspergillus metabolite; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; mycotoxin; nephrotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; teratogenic agent |
| Girgensonine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrile | |
| Dubinidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| acetyl coenzyme a Acetyl Coenzyme A: Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | acyl-CoA | acyl donor; coenzyme; effector; fundamental metabolite |
| e-z cinnamic acid cinnamic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.. trans-cinnamic acid : The E (trans) isomer of cinnamic acid | 4.35 | 6 | 0 | cinnamic acid | plant metabolite |
| trichostatin a trichostatin A: chelates zinc ion in the active site of histone deacetylases, resulting in preventing histone unpacking so DNA is less available for transcription; do not confuse with TRICHOSANTHIN which is a protein; found in STREPTOMYCES | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal agent; hydroxamic acid; trichostatin | bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| fumaric acid fumaric acid: see also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters. fumaric acid : A butenedioic acid in which the C=C double bond has E geometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | butenedioic acid | food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
| ferulic acid ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid. | 4.16 | 3 | 1 | ferulic acids | anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite |
| cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca. | 2.57 | 2 | 0 | benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid | adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic |
| clindamycin Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic. | 8.5 | 1 | 1 | ||
| isoleucylvaline isoleucylvaline: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer. Ile-Val : A dipeptide formed from L-isoleucine and L-valine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| 3-hydroxyhippuric acid 3-hydroxyhippuric acid: a kynureninase inhibitor; structure in first source. m-hydroxyhippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is hippuric acid (N-benzoylglycine) substituted at position 3 on the phenyl ring by a hydroxy group. | 7.05 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine; phenols | metabolite |
| N-[4-(methanesulfonamido)phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-(2-oxazolo[4,5-b]pyridinyl)aniline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-oxazoles | |
| 2-[(4-nitrophenyl)methylthio]-1,3-benzoxazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzoxazole | |
| likviriton liquiritin: isoalted from Glycyrrhizae radix. liquiritin : A flavanone glycoside that is liquiritigenin attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4' via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; flavanone glycoside; monohydroxyflavanone; monosaccharide derivative | anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; plant metabolite |
| Phe-Tyr Phe-Tyr : A dipeptide formed from L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| sodium acetate, anhydrous Sodium Acetate: The trihydrate sodium salt of acetic acid, which is used as a source of sodium ions in solutions for dialysis and as a systemic and urinary alkalizer, diuretic, and expectorant. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| sodium benzoate Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion. | 7.23 | 12 | 3 | organic sodium salt | algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite |
| ammonium acetate ammonium acetate : An ammonium salt obtained by reaction of ammonia with acetic acid. A deliquescent white crystalline solid, it has a relatively low melting point (114degreeC) for a salt. Used as a food acidity regulator, although no longer approved for this purpose in the EU. | 3.47 | 2 | 0 | acetate salt; ammonium salt | buffer; food acidity regulator |
| 3-oxido-4,5-dihydro-[1,2,5]oxadiazolo[3,4-f]cinnolin-3-ium [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridazines | |
| 3-(2,4-difluoroanilino)-5,5-dimethyl-1-cyclohex-2-enone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | substituted aniline | |
| 1-phenyl-4-pyrazolol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrazoles; ring assembly | |
| calix(4)arene calix(4)arene: a cyclophane consisting of four phenolic units linked by methylene groups; structure in first source | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)-1,2-benzothiazole 1,1-dioxide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles | |
| 3-benzamido-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| N-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| N-[2-(3-methylphenoxy)ethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 2-(1H-indol-3-ylthio)acetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| 3-bromo-N-[2-(4-nitroanilino)ethyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
| 3-Methylbenzofuran-2-carboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2H-tetrazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | tetrazoles | |
| 1-(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 4-[[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl]-2,6-ditert-butylphenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
| 2-phenylindole-3-carbaldehyde 2-phenylindole-3-carbaldehyde: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-(2-pyridinylthio)benzofuro[3,2-d]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 5-(4-nitrophenyl)-4-phenyl-2-thiazolamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 3-[6-(4-aminophenyl)-2-phenyl-4-pyrimidinyl]aniline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidines | |
| cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes. | 3.76 | 3 | 0 | 3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes | antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent |
| 2-hydroxycinnamic acid trans-2-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 2-coumaric acid.. 2-coumaric acid : A monohydroxycinnamic acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-2 of the phenyl ring. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 2-coumaric acid; phenols | antioxidant; metabolite |
| 3-coumaric acid 3-coumaric acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation in Chemline. trans-3-coumaric acid : A 3-coumaric acid that is phenol substituted with trans-2-propenoic acid at position C-3.. 3-coumaric acid : A monohydroxycinnamic acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-3 of the phenyl ring. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | 3-coumaric acid | |
| trans-4-coumaric acid hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | 4-coumaric acid | food component; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| glycosides [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | chalcone | EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor |
| 7-methoxyisoflavone 7-methoxyisoflavone : A methoxyisoflavone that is isoflavone substituted by a methoxy group at position 7. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 7-methoxyisoflavones | |
| sorbic acid Sorbic Acid: Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.. (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid : A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.. sorbic acid : A hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring. | 3.58 | 8 | 0 | alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; sorbic acid | |
| pyrophosphate Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | diphosphate ion | |
| LSM-32392 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| N-[2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethyl]-4-(4-morpholinylmethyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-(1-benzimidazolyl)-3-(1-cyclohex-3-enylmethoxy)-2-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-[2-(2-furanylmethylthio)ethyl]-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-acetamido-5-chloro-2-benzofurancarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| [4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dimethoxybenzene | |
| 4-[4-methyl-6-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]morpholine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-arylpiperazine | |
| haplamine haplamine: isolated from Haplophyllum acutifolium; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterotricyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; oxacycle | |
| 5-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| 2-ethoxy-N-[4-(4-morpholinylsulfonyl)phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 2-[(5-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio]-1-phenylethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 1-ethyl-6-methoxy-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinazoline 2-(pyridin-4-yl)-4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinazoline : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted at positions 2 and 4 by pyridin-4-yl and pyrrolidin-1-yl groups, respectively. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridines; pyrrolidines; quinazolines | |
| mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| scp 1 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-4-methoxybenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-3-chlorobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 4-methoxy-N-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-phenylmethoxybenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-[4-(diethylamino)phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| N-(2-furanylmethyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzofurans | |
| 1-methyltryptophan 1-methyltryptophan: an immunomodulator. 1-methyltryptophan : A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan carrying a single methyl substituent at position 1 on the indole. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | indolyl carboxylic acid | |
| 5-(2-phenylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine; thiadiazoles | |
| te 5 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[[anilino(oxo)methyl]amino]-4,5-dimethyl-3-thiophenecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| N-(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzothiazol-2-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles | |
| oxilofrine oxilofrine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
| 6-methylflavone 6-methylflavone: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| caffeic acid trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | caffeic acid | geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| 2-methoxy-N-(2-pyridinyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 2-chloro-N-(2-phenylethyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
| N1-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-4-nitrobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| N-[2-(1-cyclohexenyl)ethyl]-4-fluorobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
| tioxazafen tioxazafen : A 1,2,4-oxadizole in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 5 have been replaced by phenyl and thiophen-2-yl groups, respectively. It is used as a broad spectrum nematicidal seed treatment. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,2,4-oxadiazole; thiophenes | agrochemical; nematicide |
| N-[5-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-2-nitroethylene 4-methoxy-beta-nitrostyrene: has vasodilator activity; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| n-acetyltryptophan N-acetyl-L-tryptophan : A N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetyl derivative of L-tryptophan. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | L-tryptophan derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid | metabolite |
| brd32048 BRD32048: inhibits ETV1 oncoprotein; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes; substituted aniline | |
| 2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| 5-(2-phenyl-4-triazolyl)-2H-tetrazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| N-cyclohexyl-2,3-dihydroindole-1-carboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indolyl carboxylic acid | |
| cinnamoylglycine cinnamoylglycine: structure given in first source. N-cinnamoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as (2E)-3-phenylprop-2-enoyl (cinnamoyl). | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | N-acylglycine | metabolite |
| n-benzoylalanine N-benzoylalanine: RN given refers to parent cpd (L-Ala)-isomer. N-benzoylalanine : An N-acylamino acid that is the N-benzoyl derivative of alanine.. N-benzoyl-L-alanine : An N-acyl-L-alanine resulting from the formal condensation of L-alanine with the carboxy group of benzoic acid. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-L-alanine; N-benzoylalanine | metabolite |
| 4-(benzylsulfanyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine 4-(benzylsulfanyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine : A thienopyrimidine that is thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by a benzylsulfanediyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; benzenes; thienopyrimidine | |
| 2-methyl-5-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-3-(1-pyrrolyl)-4-thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound | |
| 1-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-5-methoxy-N-methyl-2-indolecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indolecarboxamide | |
| N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-3-methoxybenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 4-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-2-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)thio]ethan-1-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-benzofurancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 2-(9h-xanthen-9-yl)-malonic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | xanthenes | |
| 1-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-3-phenylurea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| 1-hydroxy-2-phenyl-1,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-benzimidazol-4-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| N-(4-acetamidophenyl)-2-bromobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 4-bromo-N-phenacylbenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| isoferulic acid isoferulic acid: isomer of ferulic acid; structure. isoferulic acid : A ferulic acid consisting of trans-cinnamic acid bearing methoxy and hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 3 respectively on the phenyl ring. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ferulic acids | antioxidant; biomarker; metabolite |
| phenylalanine methyl ester phenylalanine methyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. methyl L-phenylalaninate : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the methyl ester of L-phenylalanine. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester; L-phenylalanine derivative | |
| 1-(2,3-dihydroindol-1-yl)-2-(phenylthio)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| N-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl)-5-benzotriazolyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| N,N-dimethyl-N'-p-tolylsulfamide N,N-dimethyl-N'-p-tolylsulfamide : A member of the class of sulfamides that is N,N-dimethylsulfuric diamide substituted by a 4-methylphenyl group at the amino nitrogen atom. It is a metabolite of the agrochemical tolylfluanid. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfamides | marine xenobiotic metabolite |
| 2-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenol 2-(1-piperidinylmethyl)phenol: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-phenylethyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes | |
| 1-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-3-phenylurea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| 1-(cyclohexylmethyl)-4-phenylpiperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| N-phenethyl-2-furamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; heteroarene | |
| paromomycin sulfate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N,N,2-trimethyl-1-phenyl-5-benzimidazolesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-(phenylmethyl)-4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-thiazolamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamine | |
| N-(4-hydroxy-2-methyl-5-propan-2-ylphenyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| 2-amino-5-ethyl-4-(2-furanyl)-6-propyl-3-pyridinecarbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrile; pyridines | |
| 2-ethoxy-N-[5-(methoxymethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| vu0099704 VU0099704: an antagonist of protease activated receptor 4 (PAR-4); structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrazoles; ring assembly | |
| 1-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| 2-methyl-N-(1-methyl-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-yl)propanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrroloquinoline | |
| 2-methyl-5-[(2-methyl-4-quinolinyl)thio]-1,3,4-thiadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 5-methyl-1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1h-pyrido(3,2-b)indole-3-carbonitrile VRX-413638: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| (3-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[d]imidazol-2-yl)-phenylmethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 2-fluoro-N-phenacylbenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 4-(methoxymethyl)-6-methyl-2-(2-methylanilino)-3-pyridinecarbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrile; pyridines | |
| 1-azepanyl-[2-methoxy-4-(methylthio)phenyl]methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; thiol | |
| GS4012 free base GS4012 free base : A member of the class of pyridines that is 2-(pyridin-4-yl)ethane-1-thiol in which the thiol hydrogen is replaced by a 4-methoxyphenyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; monomethoxybenzene; pyridines | VEGF activator |
| N-[1-(4-methylphenyl)-5-benzimidazolyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| 2-(4-methylanilino)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N(2)-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycinamide N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N(2)-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycinamide : An amino acid amide obtained by the formal condensation of 2,6-dimethylaniline with N-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)glycine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide; glycine derivative | |
| 2-[4-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-arylpiperazine | |
| 1-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)methyl]-4-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 4-Piperidinobenzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperidines | |
| 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)-4-(3-thiophenylmethyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| N-(1-methyl-2,3-dihydropyrrolo[2,3-b]quinolin-4-yl)-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrroloquinoline | |
| 4-[(1H-benzimidazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-2-thiazolamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| 4-[(4-phenyl-2-thiazolyl)amino]benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| N-[7-(1-oxopropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxine | |
| N-[3-chloro-4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| n-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine N-(pyridin-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)thiazol-2-amine: an SK channel inhibitor | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 8-(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2'-nitroflavone 2'-nitroflavone: has antineoplastic activity | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline | |
| 1-(3-nitrophenyl)-3-phenyl-2-propyn-1-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic compound | |
| vrt 532 VRT 532: a CFTR potentiator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-[[4-(2,5-dimethylphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]methyl]-2-methoxyphenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 1-piperonylpiperidine 1-piperonylpiperidine: an AMPA receptor modulator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[(3-fluorophenyl)methyl-(phenylmethyl)amino]ethanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
| 2-methoxy-4-[[2-(methylthio)anilino]methyl]phenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine | |
| 6-ethyl-5-methyl-2-thiophen-2-yl-1H-pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrazolopyrimidine | |
| N-[4-(2-methyl-4-thiazolyl)phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(6-phenyl-5-imidazo[2,1-b]thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | imidazoles | |
| 2-(phenylmethylthio)-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[1,2-a]imidazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 5-methyl-N-(4,5,6-trimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-2-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzoxazole | |
| 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-(6-methyl-2-pyridinyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| 2-{[hydroxy(2-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}acetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | |
| (4-methoxyphenyl)-(3-methyl-2-propyl-4-imidazolyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(3-acetamidophenyl)-2-chlorobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N4,N4-dimethyl-N1-(4-nitro-1,1-dioxo-2,5-dihydrothiophen-3-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | |
| 2-bromo-N-(3-methoxyphenyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 2-methoxy-4-[(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)methyl]-6-nitrophenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; C-nitro compound | |
| 3-[[(2,5-dimethyl-3-furanyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-3-(6-quinoxalinyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinoxaline derivative | |
| 2-(dimethylsulfamoylamino)-9H-fluorene [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | fluorenes | |
| 4-chloro-1-ethyl-3-nitro-2-quinolinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitro compound; quinolines | |
| 4-chloro-3-nitro-1-(phenylmethyl)-2-quinolinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2,5-dimethyl-1-(phenylmethyl)pyrrole-3,4-dicarboxaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | arenecarbaldehyde | |
| 2-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| 4-methyl-N-(3-nitrophenyl)-5-phenyl-3-thiophenecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| N-(5-amino-1-phenyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-2,2,2-trichloroacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazoles | |
| N-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenyl)-3-phenylpropanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| N-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organofluorine compound | |
| 4-tert-butyl-N-(1,4-dioxo-2,3-dihydrophthalazin-5-yl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalazines | |
| N-[2-(2-methylpropyl)-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalimides | |
| 6-(1,4,5,7-tetramethyl-6-pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinyl)quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | stilbenoid | |
| 5-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-3-pyridin-4-yl-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | oxadiazole; ring assembly | |
| 5-(phenylmethyl)-3-(2-pyridinyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridines | |
| 2-methyl-5-(1-pyrrolidinyl)isoindole-1,3-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalimides | |
| (2'-(4-aminophenyl)-(2,5'-bi-1h-benzimidazol)-5-amine) [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-(4-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-3-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5H-carbazole-3-carbohydrazide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbazoles | |
| N-(3-carbamoyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzothiophen-2-yl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | primary carboxamide; pyrazines; secondary carboxamide | |
| N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-methyl-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxoles | |
| 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxine | |
| 8-[(2-methyl-5-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio]quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide | |
| 1-[2-(2-chlorophenoxy)ethyl]benzimidazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| 4,5-dimethyl-2-[4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2-thiazolyl]-1H-pyrazol-3-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 2-(4-fluoro-N-methylsulfonylanilino)-N-(3-methylphenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(2-pyridinylthio)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 3-methyl-6-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | triazolopyridazine | |
| N-(3-acetylphenyl)-2-thiophen-2-ylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| oncrasin-1 oncrasin-1: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. oncrasin-1 : A member of the class of indoles that is 1H-indole substituted by 4-chlorobenzyl and formyl groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is an anti-cancer agent that is active against lung cancer cells with K-Ras mutations. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | arenecarbaldehyde; indoles; monochlorobenzenes | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer |
| N-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-nitrobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 5-(1-methyl-2-benzimidazolyl)-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-(4-anilinophenyl)-2-methylpropanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| N-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-phenylpropanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| 1-[(Phenylthio)acetyl]piperidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylpiperidine | |
| N-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-3-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | oxadiazole; ring assembly | |
| 4-[(4-carboxy-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy)methyl]-5-methyl-2-furancarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | |
| 4-(4-morpholinylmethyl)-3-quinolinol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 2-bromo-N-[3-(1-oxopropylamino)phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 3-acetyl-2-methylbenzo[f]benzofuran-4,9-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | naphthofuran | |
| 5-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(5-ethyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; heteroarene | |
| 1-azepanyl-[4-[(phenylthio)methyl]phenyl]methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-(5-ethyl-2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-(2-fluorophenoxy)ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-2-(2-nitrophenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 3,4,5-triethoxy-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-propylsulfonyl-4-(2-pyridinyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines; pyridines | |
| 2-(2-phenylethylthio)-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines | |
| 2-(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)-N-pyridin-4-ylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 2-[[anilino(oxo)methyl]amino]-N-(phenylmethyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(5-acetyl-4-methyl-2-thiazolyl)-5-bromo-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | thiazoles | |
| 1-cyclohexyl-3-(3-ethylphenyl)urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| n-phenylpiracetam N-phenylpiracetam: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[(1-methyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]-N-(2-phenylphenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | biphenyls | |
| N-[3-chloro-4-(1-pyrrolidinyl)phenyl]-2-nitrobenzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 4-(3,4-dihydro-1H-isoquinolin-2-ylmethyl)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | isoquinolines | |
| 5-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(2-methoxyphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 3-[[(3,5-dichloro-4-ethoxyphenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1,4-bis(thiophen-2-ylsulfonyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-sulfonylpiperazine; thiophenes | |
| 2-bromo-N-[3-(1-oxobutylamino)phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-4-[(6-nitro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl]piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| n-(1-benzyl-4-piperidinyl)-2,4-dichlorobenzamide N-(1-benzyl-4-piperidinyl)-2,4-dichlorobenzamide: inhibits the betaine-GABA transporter 1; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-[[2-(5-methyl-2-thiophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]thio]-3-phenyl-4-quinazolinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| 1-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-5-yl)-3-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | morpholines | |
| ethyl 4-{N-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-N-methylglycyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate ethyl 4-{N-[(4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl]-N-methylglycyl}piperazine-1-carboxylate : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen carries methyl and 2-[4-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-oxoethyl substituents and the sulfonyl a 4-chlorophenyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester; sulfonamide | |
| LSM-4563 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| 1-(4-chloro-3-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-4-phenylpiperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| N-[4-[(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-chloro-3-(1-piperidinylsulfonyl)-N-(2-thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 1-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)sulfonyl-4-(phenylmethyl)piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-[4-[(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-[4-(benzenesulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]-2-methylquinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines; pyridines | |
| 1-(6-methoxy-2,2,4-trimethyl-1-quinolinyl)-2-[[5-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]thio]ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| rhodanine 2-mercaptothiazolinone: metabolite in urine from persons exposed to CS2; structure | 7.25 | 1 | 0 | thiazolidinone | |
| N2-phenyl-6-[[(1-phenyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]methyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | tetrazoles | |
| 2-[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)thio]-N-(4,5-diphenyl-2-oxazolyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-oxazoles | |
| 2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-[4-(2-pyridinyl)-1-piperazinyl]ethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines; pyridines | |
| 2-amino[1,3]thiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine-5,7-diol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | thiazolopyrimidine | |
| 3-[[(2-cyclohexyl-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl)-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 3-[[[3-(1-azepanylsulfonyl)-4-chlorophenyl]-oxomethyl]amino]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 2-(4-bromophenyl)-N-(5-tert-butyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylsulfamoyl)-2-methoxybenzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzoic acid | |
| N-cycloheptyl-1-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl-4-piperidinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-N-[4-[2-(4-morpholinyl)-2-oxoethoxy]phenyl]-4-isoxazolecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| N-[3-[[(4-nitrophenyl)-oxomethyl]amino]phenyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 3-methyl-1,5-dithiophen-2-ylpentane-1,5-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(2-methyl-1,3-benzothiazol-6-yl)-4-(4-morpholinylsulfonyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-N-(4-thiophen-2-yl-2-thiazolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-chloro-N-[4-[(1-oxo-2-phenylethyl)amino]phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| N-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(4-phenyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| stk295900 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-(3-chlorophenyl)-4-[(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)methyl]piperazine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 2-[4-[[4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-phthalazinyl]amino]phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyridazines; ring assembly | |
| 1-(2-fluorophenyl)-3-[5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]urea [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ureas | |
| N-[5-[(4-methoxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| N-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-4-methyl-1-phthalazinamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalazines | |
| SMER 28 SMER 28 : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline which is substituted by a prop-2-en-1-ylnitrilo group and a bromo group at positions 4 and 6, respectively. It is a modulator of mammalian autophagy. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organobromine compound; quinazolines; secondary amino compound | autophagy inducer |
| N-[4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]carbamic acid butyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | morpholines | |
| 4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(4-morpholinyl)-1-butanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 4-(4-chlorophenoxy)-1-(1-piperidinyl)-1-butanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acylpiperidine | |
| 3-phenylpropionylglycine 3-phenylpropionylglycine: found in urine of patients suffering from medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency; RN refers to HCl | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| N-(3-phenylpropyl)methanesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzenes | |
| chlorogenic acid caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3. | 3.29 | 6 | 0 | cinnamate ester; tannin | food component; plant metabolite |
| 4-acetamido-N-(2-methoxyethyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| 2-methyl-N-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-3-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 3,4-dihydro-2H-quinolin-1-yl-(4-propoxyphenyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 5-bromo-N-(2-phenylphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 2-[2-(4-chlorophenoxy)ethylthio]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 3-(3-bromoanilino)-1-(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-1-propanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamine | |
| 4-[2-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)-1-oxoethyl]-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid ethyl ester [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazinecarboxylic acid | |
| 2-[2-[[3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)anilino]-oxomethyl]phenyl]benzoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 1-[2-(2-chlorophenoxy)ethoxy]-2-methoxy-4-methylbenzene [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| N-[4-[(4-sulfamoylphenyl)sulfamoyl]phenyl]cyclopropanecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4-[2-[2-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenoxy)ethoxy]ethyl]morpholine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| N-[2-(2-phenylphenoxy)ethyl]-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | biphenyls | |
| 5,6,7,8-tetrafluoro-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 5,6,7,8-tetrafluoro-2-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| s-phenyl-n-acetylcysteine S-phenyl-N-acetylcysteine: found in urine of rats exposed to benzene; RN given refers to (L)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 4/88 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aryl sulfide; S-substituted N-acetyl-L-cysteine | biomarker; human urinary metabolite |
| thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur. | 7.54 | 2 | 0 | one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas | antioxidant; chromophore |
| D-fructopyranose [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
| succimer Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; dithiol; sulfur-containing carboxylic acid | chelator |
| glycylvaline glycylvaline: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | human metabolite |
| tamoxifen [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator |
| 2-[bis(5-methyl-2-furanyl)methyl]-6-nitrophenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrophenol | |
| 2-(4-nitrophenyl)-N-(2-oxolanylmethyl)-4-quinazolinamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| 2-(4-hydroxy-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-1-phenylethan-1-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone | |
| Methyl(2-furoylamino)acetic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-amino acid | |
| 5-nitro-8-(1-pyrrolidinyl)quinoline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitro compound; quinolines | |
| 2-(3-oxo-2,4-dihydro-1H-quinoxalin-2-yl)-N-phenylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide | |
| 2-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylamino]pentanoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 4,6-dimorpholino-n-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine 4,6-dimorpholino-N-(4-nitrophenyl)-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine: an mTOR activator; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-[(3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-N,N-diethyl-3-piperidinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperidines | |
| 1-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-2-phenylethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 2-amino-7-methyl-5-oxo-4-(2,3,4-trimethoxyphenyl)-4,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-benzopyran-3-carbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| 3-[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-1-phenylpyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(diethylamino)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 4-(5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)morpholine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound | |
| (3,5-Dimethyl-1-adamantyl)amine nitrate [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrates | |
| 1-(4-tert-butylphenoxy)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylthio)-2-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | alkylbenzene | |
| N-[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]-2-adamantanamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | N-alkylpyrrolidine | |
| 4-phenyl-N-(pyridin-4-ylmethyl)-2-butanamine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamine | |
| N-(5-nitro-2-pyridinyl)cyclopropanecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 3-[(4-bromophenyl)methyl]-4-(4-methoxyanilino)-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| 3-ethyl-N-(2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-1-adamantanecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| N-(4-propan-2-ylphenyl)-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monoterpenoid | |
| 4-chloro-N-[2-(4-nitroanilino)ethyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbonyl compound; organohalogen compound | |
| 2-[(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-ylamino)-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxine | |
| 2,4-dichloro-6-[1-(4-morpholinyl)-3-phenylprop-2-ynyl]phenol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic compound | |
| 2-[[1-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2,5-dioxo-3-pyrrolidinyl]amino]acetonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 1-ethoxy-3-(2-methoxy-4-prop-2-enylphenoxy)-2-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| 6-amino-4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-1-(phenylmethyl)-4H-pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organochlorine compound; pyranopyrazole | |
| 1-(2-chlorophenoxy)-3-(2-methyl-1-benzimidazolyl)-2-propanol [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzimidazoles | |
| N-[2-furanyl-(8-hydroxy-7-quinolinyl)methyl]-2-methylpropanamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | hydroxyquinoline | |
| N-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-2-furancarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; furans | |
| 4-amino-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-6H-pyrimido[3,4]pyrrolo[3,5-a]azepine-11-carbonitrile [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| 1-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-ylthio)pyrrolidine-2,5-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 6-[(3,4-difluoroanilino)-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohex-3-enecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | anilide | |
| 4-[(3-cyano-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-4H-cyclohepta[b]thiophen-2-yl)amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | organosulfur heterocyclic compound | |
| [3-methyl-4-[oxo(thiophen-2-yl)methyl]-1-piperazinyl]-thiophen-2-ylmethanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; thiophenes | |
| [4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl]-[4-[(phenylthio)methyl]phenyl]methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| N-(3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-carboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; heteroarene | |
| 4-[2-nitro-5-[4-(phenylmethyl)sulfonyl-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]morpholine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 5-(4-ethylsulfonyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-nitro-N-(3-pyridinylmethyl)aniline [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines | |
| 2-[[5-[(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylthio)methyl]-4-methyl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]thio]-N-[2-(4-morpholinyl)ethyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzothiazoles | |
| N-ethyl-N-[2-[(5-nitro-8-quinolinyl)amino]ethyl]benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitro compound; quinolines | |
| 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N-(4-methyl-2-pyridinyl)-5-oxo-3-pyrrolidinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 3,4,5-trimethoxy-N-[4-[(2-methyl-1-piperidinyl)sulfonyl]phenyl]benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | benzamides | |
| 3-(n,n-dimethylsulfonamido)-4-methyl-nitrobenzene BRL-50481 : A C-nitro compound that is benzene substituted by N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl, methyl and nitro groups at positions 1, 2 and 5, respectively. It is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor selective for the PDE7 subtype (Ki = 180 nM). | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; sulfonamide; toluenes | bone density conservation agent; EC 3.1.4.53 (3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| 6,3',4'-Trimethoxyflavanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ether; flavonoids | |
| 1-[4-(3-ethoxyphenoxy)butyl]imidazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether | |
| 5-[[(1-cyclohexyl-5-tetrazolyl)thio]methyl]-3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazole [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | oxadiazole; ring assembly | |
| 2-[1-(3,4-dihydro-2H-quinolin-1-yl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]isoindole-1,3-dione [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phthalimides | |
| [4-(benzenesulfonyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(1-piperidinyl)methanone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-(2,5-dioxo-1-pyrrolidinyl)-N-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxo-5-isoindolyl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | amidobenzoic acid | |
| 6-[[[5-(ethylthio)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]amino]-oxomethyl]-1-cyclohex-3-enecarboxylic acid [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 2,5-dimethoxy-n-(quinolin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide 2,5-dimethoxy-N-(quinolin-3-yl)benzenesulfonamide: a tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase inhibitor; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| LSM-25805 [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | isoindoles | |
| 4-ethoxy-N-(3-quinolinyl)benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| 3-chloro-N-[3-(1-imidazolyl)propyl]-6-nitro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1-benzothiophenes | |
| nsc 727447 NSC 727447: structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | 17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| glycylproline Gly-Pro : A dipeptide consisting of L-proline having a glycyl residue attached to its alpha-amino group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide | metabolite |
| 2-aminohippuric acid [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | |
| calixarenes Calixarenes: Phenolic metacyclophanes derived from condensation of PHENOLS and ALDEHYDES. The name derives from the vase-like molecular structures. A bracketed [n] indicates the number of aromatic rings.. calixarenes : Originally macrocyclic compounds capable of assuming a basket (or "calix") shaped conformation. They are formed from p-hydrocarbyl phenols and formaldehyde. The term now applies to a variety of derivatives by substitution of the hydrocarbon cyclo{oligo[(1,3-phenylene)methylene]}.. calixarene : A macrocycle composed of 1,3-phenylene groups linked by methylene groups. The number of 1,3-phenylene units in the macrocycle is denoted by the "n" in calix[n]arene name. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-methoxy-N-[(4-methylphenyl)methyl]-2-phenylacetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | acetamides | |
| 2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-N-(5-nitro-2-thiazolyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound; thiazoles | |
| 7-(2-methoxyphenyl)-5-phenyl-1,7-dihydrotetrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methoxybenzenes | |
| N-[3-[2,5-dioxo-3-(phenylmethyl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]phenyl]acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidines | |
| 3,4-dimethoxy-N-[3-(methylthio)phenyl]benzenesulfonamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | sulfonamide | |
| 3-methyl-4-nitro-N-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)benzamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 2-[(4-chlorophenyl)methylthio]-N-(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)acetamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | nitrophenol | |
| 2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-N-[3-(1-imidazolyl)propyl]-4-quinolinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinolines | |
| N-(4-bromophenyl)-5-methyl-4-nitro-1H-pyrazol-3-amine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | C-nitro compound | |
| 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2h-indol-2-one 3,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methyl-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one: an estrogen receptor alpha inhibitor | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side. | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | ||
| N-[4-[(cyclohexylamino)-oxomethyl]phenyl]-3-pyridinecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide | |
| 4-cresol sulfate p-cresol sulfate : An aryl sulfate that is p-cresol in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a sulfo group. | 8 | 20 | 1 | aryl sulfate | gut flora metabolite; human metabolite; uremic toxin |
| N,N,4-trimethyl-2-[[(5-methyl-2-furanyl)-oxomethyl]amino]-5-thiazolecarboxamide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amide; thiazoles | |
| ex 527 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide: structure in first source. 6-chloro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-1-carboxamide : A member of the class of carbazoles that is 2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole which is substituted at position 1 by an aminocarbohyl group and at position 6 by a chlorine. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | carbazoles; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound | |
| sodium butyrate [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| quercetin [no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger |
| bilirubin [no description available] | 4.03 | 5 | 0 | biladienes; dicarboxylic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| dinoprostone prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; oxytocic |
| beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues. | 3.5 | 1 | 1 | carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene | antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A |
| rutin Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; rutinoside; tetrahydroxyflavone | antioxidant; metabolite |
| amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic | antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite |
| plantamajoside plantamajoside: RN given for (E)-isomer; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
| ellagic acid [no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol | antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| estradiol-17 beta-glucuronide 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronic acid : A steroid glucosiduronic acid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having a beta-glucuronyl residue attached at position 17 via a glycosidic linkage. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy steroid; steroid glucosiduronic acid | |
| coenzyme q10 coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration. | 3.5 | 1 | 1 | ubiquinones | antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite |
| anandamide anandamide : An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine. | 2 | 1 | 0 | endocannabinoid; N-acylethanolamine 20:4 | human blood serum metabolite; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent |
| iodopyracet Iodopyracet: An ionic monomeric contrast medium that was formerly used for a variety of diagnostic procedures. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p706). diodone : A 4-pyridone in which the pyridone is iodo-substituted at C-3 and -5 and has a carboxymethyl substituent on nitrogen; used as a radiocontrast agent urography. | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | ||
| morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn. | 1.92 | 1 | 0 | morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound | anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic |
| 3-[3-[(5-ethyl-[1,2,4]triazino[5,6-b]indol-3-yl)thio]propyl]-1H-benzimidazol-2-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | indoles | |
| nateglinide Nateglinide: A phenylalanine and cyclohexane derivative that acts as a hypoglycemic agent by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.. nateglinide : An N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | phenylalanine derivative | |
| neoisoliquiritin neoisoliquiritin: inhibits angiogenesis; isolated from licorice root; isoliquiritin is the (E)-isomer; structure in first source; isoliquiritin is also available | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| 4-methyl-2,7-diphenyl-8H-pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phenylpyridine | |
| 3-methylharman [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom | neurotoxin |
| 8-oxo-7,8-dihydrodeoxyguanine 8-oxo-7,8-dihydrodeoxyguanine: structure given in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| muconic acid muconic acid: a metabolite of benzene; reported to be a reliable indicator of occupational exposure to benzene; structure given in first source. trans,trans-muconic acid : The trans,trans-isomer of muconic acid. It is metabolite of benzene in humans and serves as a biomarker of occupational exposure to benzene.. muconic acid : A hexadienedioic acid with unsaturation at positions 2 and 4. | 8.46 | 7 | 0 | muconic acid | biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| thallium Thallium: A heavy, bluish white metal, atomic number 81, atomic weight [204.382; 204.385], symbol Tl.. thallium : A metallic element first identified and named from the brilliant green line in its flame spectrum (from Greek thetaalphalambdalambdaomicronsigma, a green shoot). | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | boron group element atom | |
| arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed) | 2.52 | 2 | 0 | metalloid atom; pnictogen | micronutrient |
| naltrexone Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | cyclopropanes; morphinane-like compound; organic heteropentacyclic compound | antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; environmental contaminant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist; xenobiotic |
| dextromethorphan Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene | antitussive; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; oneirogen; prodrug; xenobiotic |
| lisinopril Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| indolylacryloylglycine indolylacryloylglycine: chromogen found in urine; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-amino acid | |
| enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration). | 3.41 | 1 | 1 | dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug |
| 1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid 1-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid: metabolite from cows fed with corn silage; structure in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen | macronutrient |
| enalaprilat anhydrous Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate. | 3.41 | 1 | 1 | dicarboxylic acid; dipeptide | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
| oxalates Oxalates: Derivatives of OXALIC ACID. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that are derived from the ethanedioic acid structure. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | ||
| aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, drug combination aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, simethicone drug combination: antacid contains aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and simethicone; mylanta II contains aluminum/magnesium hydroxide mixture | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| prolylglycine prolylglycine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. L-prolylglycine : A dipeptide consisting of glycine having an L-prolyl group attached to its alpha-amino nitrogen. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide | |
| trans-2-en-valproate 2-propyl-2-pentenoic acid: valproate metabolite; RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | methyl-branched fatty acid | |
| technetium tc 99m pyrophosphate Technetium Tc 99m Pyrophosphate: A radionuclide imaging agent used primarily in scintigraphy or tomography of the heart to evaluate the extent of the necrotic myocardial process. It has also been used in noninvasive tests for the distribution of organ involvement in different types of amyloidosis and for the evaluation of muscle necrosis in the extremities. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phenylalanylglycine phenylalanylglycine: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer. Phe-Gly : A dipeptide formed from L-phenylalanine and glycine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| leucyl-phenylalanine Leu-Phe : A dipeptide formed from L-leucine and L-phenylalanine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| glycyl-alanyl-leucine glycyl-alanyl-leucine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 9/91 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
| phenylalanylphenylalanine Phe-Phe : A dipeptide formed from two L-phenylalanine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide; L-aminoacyl-L-amino acid zwitterion | human blood serum metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| valylleucine valylleucine: RN given refers to all L-isomer. Val-Leu : A dipeptide formed from L-valine and L-leucine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| alanylglycine [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion; dipeptide | metabolite |
| alpha-glutamyltryptophan Trp-Glu : A dipeptide formed from L-tryptophan and L-glutamic acid residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| hippuryl-l-lysine [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| phenylalanylproline Phe-Pro : A dipeptide formed from L-phenylalanine and L-proline residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| prolylisoleucine prolylisoleucine: RN refers to (L)-isomer. Pro-Ile : A dipeptide formed from L-proline and L-isoleucine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
| phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | phosphagen; phosphoamino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge. | 2 | 1 | 0 | biguanides; monochlorobenzenes | antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent |
| formazans Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate combination Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination: A fixed-ratio combination of amoxicillin trihydrate and potassium clavulanate. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dimethylarginine dimethylarginine: structure in first source. dimethylarginine : An arginine derivative that is arginine substituted by two methyl groups. A "closed" class. | 4.4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| struvite Struvite: The mineral magnesium ammonium phosphate with the formula NH4MgPO4. It is associated with urea-splitting organisms in a high magnesium, high phosphate, alkaline environment. Accumulation of crystallized struvite is found in the urinary tract as struvite CALCULI and as scale on sewage system equipment and wastewater pipes. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | hydrate; phosphate mineral | fertilizer |
| oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rifamycins [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | organophosphate oxoanion | cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| gastrins Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters. | 4.4 | 1 | 1 | ||
| glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence. | 3.5 | 1 | 1 | peptide hormone | |
| tannins Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing. | 3.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
| ubiquinone Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals. | 3.5 | 1 | 1 | ||
| chitosan [no description available] | 7.66 | 2 | 0 | ||
| sodium lactate Sodium Lactate: The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid. It is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.. sodium lactate : An organic sodium salt having lactate as the counterion. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | lactate salt; organic sodium salt | food acidity regulator; food preservative |
| penicillin g sodium [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | |
| albiflorin albiflorin: glucoside in peony roots. albiflorin : A monoterpene glycoside with formula C23H28O11, originally isolated from the roots of Paeonia lactiflora. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | benzoate ester; beta-D-glucoside; bridged compound; gamma-lactone; monoterpene glycoside; secondary alcohol | neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| guanidinosuccinic acid guanidinosuccinic acid: a metabolite in uremia; metabolic product of amino acid metabolism; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. N-amidino-L-aspartate(1-) : Conjugate base of N-amidino-L-aspartate arising from deprotonation of the carboxy groups and protonation of the guanidino group; major species at pH 7.3. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid anion | |
| formylchromone formylchromone: structure in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| gdc-0152 GDC-0152: structure in first source | 7.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. | 9.31 | 4 | 1 | ascorbic acid; vitamin C | coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoate | plant metabolite |
| warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group. | 4.28 | 4 | 1 | benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone | |
| citrinin Citrinin: Antibiotic and mycotoxin from Aspergillus niveus and Penicillium citrinum. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tigecycline [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glutaminase [no description available] | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones. | 2.89 | 1 | 0 | ||
| oligomycins Oligomycins: A closely related group of toxic substances elaborated by various strains of Streptomyces. They are 26-membered macrolides with lactone moieties and double bonds and inhibit various ATPases, causing uncoupling of phosphorylation from mitochondrial respiration. Used as tools in cytochemistry. Some specific oligomycins are RUTAMYCIN, peliomycin, and botrycidin (formerly venturicidin X). | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nitrophenols Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | angiotensin; peptide zwitterion | human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent |
| peoniflorin peoniflorin: from Radix and of Paeonia suffruticosa | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12. | 3.36 | 1 | 1 | ||
| cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| digitonin Digitonin: A glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea; the aglycone is digitogenin which is bound to five sugars. Digitonin solubilizes lipids, especially in membranes and is used as a tool in cellular biochemistry, and reagent for precipitating cholesterol. It has no cardiac effects.. digitonin : A spirostanyl glycoside that is digitogenin in which the 3-hydroxy group is substituted by a beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1->2)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->3)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactopyranosyl group. It is a steroidal saponin isolated from the foxglove plant, Digitalis purpurea. It is used extensively as a mild non-ionic detergent for extracting proteins from membranes for structure and function studies. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| technetium tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid Technetium Tc 99m Dimercaptosuccinic Acid: A nontoxic radiopharmaceutical that is used in the diagnostic imaging of the renal cortex. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| deoxyguanosine [no description available] | 2.78 | 3 | 0 | purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanosine monophosphate Guanosine Monophosphate: A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety and found widely in nature.. guanosine 5'-monophosphate : A purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate having guanine as the nucleobase. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | guanosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| guanine [no description available] | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | 2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanosine ribonucleoside : Any nucleoside where the sugar component is D-ribose. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | guanosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | fundamental metabolite |
| inosinic acid Inosine Monophosphate: Inosine 5'-Monophosphate. A purine nucleotide which has hypoxanthine as the base and one phosphate group esterified to the sugar moiety. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | inosine phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-monophosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| sildenafil sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | piperazines; pyrazolopyrimidine; sulfonamide | EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| 2-methyl-4(3h)-quinazolinone 2-methyl-4(3H)-quinazolinone: from Bacillus cereus; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n(4)-desoxychlordiazepoxide N(4)-desoxychlordiazepoxide: not phototoxic; structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-amino-3-hydroxyphenazine 2-amino-3-hydroxyphenazine: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-styrylquinazolin-4(3h)-one 2-styrylquinazolin-4(3H)-one: structure given in first source | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 2-amino-5-iodo-6-phenyl-4-pyrimidinone [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| quininib quininib: has antiangiogenic activity; structure in first source. quininib : A styrylquinoline that is trans-2-styrylquinoline in which the the phenyl group has been substituted at position 2 by a hydroxy group. It is an anti-angiogenic compound that exerts a dose-dependent antagonism of the cysteinyl leukotriene pathway, preferentially antagonising cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1. The major species at pH 7.3 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | phenols; styrylquinoline | angiogenesis inhibitor |
| cyadox cyadox: structure | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bropirimine [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidines | |
| 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage. | 3 | 4 | 0 | guanosines | biomarker |
| 2-[(6-ethyl-4-methyl-2-quinazolinyl)amino]-1H-quinazolin-4-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| 2-[(6-ethyl-4-methyl-2-quinazolinyl)amino]-6-(methoxymethyl)-1H-pyrimidin-4-one [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | quinazolines | |
| n(2),n(2)-dimethylguanosine N(2),N(2)-dimethylguanosine: elevated levels in urine of cancer patients. N(2),N(2)-dimethylguanosine : A guanosine where the hydrogens of the amine group at C-2 are substituted by methyl groups. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | methylguanosine | human metabolite |
| concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures. | 6.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dinitrobenzenes Dinitrobenzenes: Benzene derivatives which are substituted with two nitro groups in the ortho, meta or para positions. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uremia A clinical syndrome associated with the retention of renal waste products or uremic toxins in the blood. It is usually the result of RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. Most uremic toxins are end products of protein or nitrogen CATABOLISM, such as UREA or CREATININE. Severe uremia can lead to multiple organ dysfunctions with a constellation of symptoms. | 0 | 12.41 | 63 | 5 |
| Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 7.67 | 22 | 3 |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. | 0 | 7.67 | 22 | 3 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 2.5 | 2 | 0 |
| Encephalitis, Polio [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 3.7 | 9 | 0 |
| Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Debility [description not available] | 0 | 4.45 | 3 | 0 |
| Symptom Cluster [description not available] | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex. | 0 | 8.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Atrophy, Muscle [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Muscular Atrophy Derangement in size and number of muscle fibers occurring with aging, reduction in blood supply, or following immobilization, prolonged weightlessness, malnutrition, and particularly in denervation. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Prostatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 4.87 | 2 | 1 |
| Acute Bacterial Prostatitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Prostatic Hyperplasia Increase in constituent cells in the PROSTATE, leading to enlargement of the organ (hypertrophy) and adverse impact on the lower urinary tract function. This can be caused by increased rate of cell proliferation, reduced rate of cell death, or both. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 4.87 | 2 | 1 |
| Prostatitis Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment. | 0 | 2.41 | 1 | 0 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 11.57 | 7 | 1 |
| Carcinoma, Thymic [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Thymus [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperplasia of Thymus Gland [description not available] | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Thymoma A neoplasm originating from thymic tissue, usually benign, and frequently encapsulated. Although it is occasionally invasive, metastases are extremely rare. It consists of any type of thymic epithelial cell as well as lymphocytes that are usually abundant. Malignant lymphomas that involve the thymus, e.g., lymphosarcoma, Hodgkin's disease (previously termed granulomatous thymoma), should not be regarded as thymoma. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Thymus Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYMUS GLAND. | 0 | 2.6 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available] | 0 | 4.76 | 6 | 1 |
| Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 4.19 | 3 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. | 0 | 4.76 | 6 | 1 |
| Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. | 0 | 4.19 | 3 | 1 |
| Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.95 | 11 | 0 |
| Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002) | 0 | 3.95 | 11 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Bovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastric Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Campylobacter Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.8 | 11 | 0 |
| Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Steatosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 3.13 | 5 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions. | 0 | 3.13 | 5 | 0 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 4.62 | 26 | 0 |
| Affective Psychosis, Bipolar [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Bipolar Disorder A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
| Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Colorectal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
| Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Diseases, Occupational [description not available] | 0 | 4.28 | 19 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Bladder Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Prediabetes [description not available] | 0 | 4.45 | 1 | 1 |
| Prediabetic State The time period before the development of symptomatic diabetes. For example, certain risk factors can be observed in subjects who subsequently develop INSULIN RESISTANCE as in type 2 diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 4.45 | 1 | 1 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 4.55 | 5 | 1 |
| Lower Urinary Tract Symptom [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Nycturia [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Incontinence Involuntary loss of URINE, such as leaking of urine. It is a symptom of various underlying pathological processes. Major types of incontinence include URINARY URGE INCONTINENCE and URINARY STRESS INCONTINENCE. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Nocturia Frequent URINATION at night that interrupts sleep. It is often associated with outflow obstruction, DIABETES MELLITUS, or bladder inflammation (CYSTITIS). | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Bright Disease A historical classification which is no longer used. It described acute glomerulonephritis, acute nephritic syndrome, or acute nephritis. Named for Richard Bright. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Kidney, Polycystic [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the renal glomeruli (KIDNEY GLOMERULUS) that can be classified by the type of glomerular injuries including antibody deposition, complement activation, cellular proliferation, and glomerulosclerosis. These structural and functional abnormalities usually lead to HEMATURIA; PROTEINURIA; HYPERTENSION; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Polycystic Kidney Diseases Hereditary diseases that are characterized by the progressive expansion of a large number of tightly packed CYSTS within the KIDNEYS. They include diseases with autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive inheritance. | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Respiratory Insufficiency Failure to adequately provide oxygen to cells of the body and to remove excess carbon dioxide from them. (Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Disbacteriosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Equine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Atherogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Left Ventricular Hypertrophy [description not available] | 0 | 7.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacterial Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Fungal Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Viral Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacterial Infections Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified. | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI. | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Virus Diseases A general term for diseases caused by viruses. | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Anxiety Neuroses [description not available] | 0 | 2.86 | 4 | 0 |
| Depression, Endogenous [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Anxiety Disorders Persistent and disabling ANXIETY. | 0 | 2.86 | 4 | 0 |
| Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Stones [description not available] | 0 | 2.54 | 2 | 0 |
| Kidney Calculi Stones in the KIDNEY, usually formed in the urine-collecting area of the kidney (KIDNEY PELVIS). Their sizes vary and most contains CALCIUM OXALATE. | 0 | 2.54 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiac Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Cognitive Decline [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Cognitive Dysfunction Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Critical Illness A disease or state in which death is possible or imminent. | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Loss, Osteoclastic [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. | 0 | 5.91 | 9 | 1 |
| Depression, Involutional Form of depression in those MIDDLE AGE with feelings of ANXIETY. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Depressive Disorder, Major Disorder in which five (or more) of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2-week period and represent a change from previous functioning; at least one of the symptoms is either (1) depressed mood or (2) loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms include: depressed mood most of the day, nearly every daily; markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities most of the day, nearly every day; significant weight loss when not dieting or weight gain; Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day; psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day; fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day; feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt; diminished ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day; or recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal ideation without a specific plan, or a suicide attempt. (DSM-5) | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. | 0 | 5.06 | 5 | 0 |
| Calculosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Rheumatic Fever [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Rheumatism [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Rheumatic Diseases Disorders of connective tissue, especially the joints and related structures, characterized by inflammation, degeneration, or metabolic derangement. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE. | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9) | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Airway Hyper-Responsiveness [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available] | 0 | 6.28 | 5 | 1 |
| Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules. | 0 | 6.28 | 5 | 1 |
| Overweight A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standards. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal over fat. | 0 | 4.47 | 2 | 2 |
| Alloxan Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 4.11 | 3 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. | 0 | 4.11 | 3 | 1 |
| Colitis, Mucous [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS. | 0 | 3.32 | 7 | 0 |
| Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome A disorder with chronic or recurrent colonic symptoms without a clearcut etiology. This condition is characterized by chronic or recurrent ABDOMINAL PAIN, bloating, MUCUS in FECES, and an erratic disturbance of DEFECATION. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 4.63 | 6 | 1 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 4.63 | 6 | 1 |
| Insulin Sensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 3.11 | 5 | 0 |
| Morbid Obesity [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Weight Reduction [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. | 0 | 3.11 | 5 | 0 |
| Obesity, Morbid The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. In the BODY MASS INDEX, morbid obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Acne [description not available] | 0 | 8.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Acne Vulgaris A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors. | 0 | 8.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). | 0 | 4.37 | 4 | 1 |
| Colitis, Granulomatous [description not available] | 0 | 3.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory [description not available] | 0 | 3.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Crohn Disease A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients. | 0 | 3.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS. | 0 | 3.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Lipidoses Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect or by the type of lipid involved. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Diverticulosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Poultry Diseases Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Abscess, Amebic [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 4.8 | 13 | 0 |
| Enlarged Spleen [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Abscess, Amebic, Hepatic [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Amebiasis Infection with any of various amebae. It is an asymptomatic carrier state in most individuals, but diseases ranging from chronic, mild diarrhea to fulminant dysentery may occur. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 4.8 | 13 | 0 |
| Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Encephalopathy, Hepatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available] | 0 | 3.59 | 3 | 0 |
| Hepatic Encephalopathy A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5) | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. | 0 | 3.59 | 3 | 0 |
| Hyperammonemia Elevated level of AMMONIA in the blood. It is a sign of defective CATABOLISM of AMINO ACIDS or ammonia to UREA. | 0 | 3.32 | 2 | 0 |
| Schistosoma mansoni Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Schistosomiasis mansoni Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver. | 0 | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking. | 0 | 3.38 | 7 | 0 |
| Colitis Gravis [description not available] | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN. | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Burns Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like. | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Airflow Obstruction, Chronic [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive A disease of chronic diffuse irreversible airflow obstruction. Subcategories of COPD include CHRONIC BRONCHITIS and PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Genetic Predisposition [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Bone Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Inborn Urea Cycle Disorder [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Urea Cycle Disorders, Inborn Rare congenital metabolism disorders of the urea cycle. The disorders are due to mutations that result in complete (neonatal onset) or partial (childhood or adult onset) inactivity of an enzyme, involved in the urea cycle. Neonatal onset results in clinical features that include irritability, vomiting, lethargy, seizures, NEONATAL HYPOTONIA; RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS; HYPERAMMONEMIA; coma, and death. Survivors of the neonatal onset and childhood/adult onset disorders share common risks for ENCEPHALOPATHIES, METABOLIC, INBORN; and RESPIRATORY ALKALOSIS due to HYPERAMMONEMIA. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Stomach [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Dementia Praecox [description not available] | 0 | 3.18 | 6 | 0 |
| Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior. | 0 | 3.18 | 6 | 0 |
| Hepatitis, Infectious [description not available] | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER. | 0 | 7.85 | 4 | 0 |
| Hepatitis A INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the HEPATOVIRUS genus, HUMAN HEPATITIS A VIRUS. It can be transmitted through fecal contamination of food or water. | 0 | 7.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Icterus [description not available] | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Jaundice A clinical manifestation of HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA, characterized by the yellowish staining of the SKIN; MUCOUS MEMBRANE; and SCLERA. Clinical jaundice usually is a sign of LIVER dysfunction. | 0 | 2.62 | 3 | 0 |
| Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Behavior Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Psychoses [description not available] | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Psychotic Disorders Disorders in which there is a loss of ego boundaries or a gross impairment in reality testing with delusions or prominent hallucinations. (From DSM-IV, 1994) | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 8.2 | 6 | 0 |
| Heavy Metal Poisoning Poisoning that results from chronic or acute ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of HEAVY METALS. Acute and chronic exposures can cause ANEMIA; KIDNEY and LIVER damage; PULMONARY EDEMA; MEMORY LOSS and behavioral changes; bone deformities in children; and MISCARRIAGE or PREMATURE LABOR in pregnant women. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Poisoning Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure. | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Glue Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Distorted Hearing [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Vestibular Diseases Pathological processes of the VESTIBULAR LABYRINTH which contains part of the balancing apparatus. Patients with vestibular diseases show instability and are at risk of frequent falls. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| ADPKD [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant Kidney disorders with autosomal dominant inheritance and characterized by multiple CYSTS in both KIDNEYS with progressive deterioration of renal function. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Extramembranous Glomerulopathy [description not available] | 0 | 2.98 | 1 | 0 |
| DDD MPGNII [description not available] | 0 | 2.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. | 0 | 2.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative Chronic glomerulonephritis characterized histologically by proliferation of MESANGIAL CELLS, increase in the MESANGIAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX, and a thickening of the glomerular capillary walls. This may appear as a primary disorder or secondary to other diseases including infections and autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Various subtypes are classified by their abnormal ultrastructures and immune deposits. Hypocomplementemia is a characteristic feature of all types of MPGN. | 0 | 2.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Membranous A type of glomerulonephritis that is characterized by the accumulation of immune deposits (COMPLEMENT MEMBRANE ATTACK COMPLEX) on the outer aspect of the GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. It progresses from subepithelial dense deposits, to basement membrane reaction and eventual thickening of the basement membrane. | 0 | 2.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Autism [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Autistic Disorder A disorder beginning in childhood. It is marked by the presence of markedly abnormal or impaired development in social interaction and communication and a markedly restricted repertoire of activity and interest. Manifestations of the disorder vary greatly depending on the developmental level and chronological age of the individual. (DSM-V) | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Asthma, Bronchial [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Precordial Catch [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Breathlessness [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysesthesia [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Breathing Sounds [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Nasal Catarrh [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL). | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Chest Pain Pressure, burning, or numbness in the chest. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Cough A sudden, audible expulsion of air from the lungs through a partially closed glottis, preceded by inhalation. It is a protective response that serves to clear the trachea, bronchi, and/or lungs of irritants and secretions, or to prevent aspiration of foreign materials into the lungs. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Dyspnea Difficult or labored breathing. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Respiratory Sounds Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Respiratory Tract Diseases Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Rhinitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 4.79 | 2 | 1 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 4.79 | 2 | 1 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Chemical Dependence [description not available] | 0 | 3.27 | 6 | 0 |
| Substance-Related Disorders Disorders related to substance use or abuse. | 0 | 3.27 | 6 | 0 |
| Retinal Degeneration A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304) | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Catatonia A neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by one or more of the following essential features: immobility, mutism, negativism (active or passive refusal to follow commands), mannerisms, stereotypies, posturing, grimacing, excitement, echolalia, echopraxia, muscular rigidity, and stupor; sometimes punctuated by sudden violent outbursts, panic, or hallucinations. This condition may be associated with psychiatric illnesses (e.g., SCHIZOPHRENIA; MOOD DISORDERS) or organic disorders (NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; ENCEPHALITIS, etc.). (From DSM-IV, 4th ed, 1994; APA, Thesaurus of Psychological Index Terms, 1994) | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries, Radiation [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Experimental Radiation Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Jaundice, Cholestatic [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Pseudosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatolenticular Degeneration A rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the deposition of copper in the BRAIN; LIVER; CORNEA; and other organs. It is caused by defects in the ATP7B gene encoding copper-transporting ATPase 2 (EC 3.6.3.4), also known as the Wilson disease protein. The overload of copper inevitably leads to progressive liver and neurological dysfunction such as LIVER CIRRHOSIS; TREMOR; ATAXIA and intellectual deterioration. Hepatic dysfunction may precede neurologic dysfunction by several years. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Jaundice, Obstructive Jaundice, the condition with yellowish staining of the skin and mucous membranes, that is due to impaired BILE flow in the BILIARY TRACT, such as INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS, or EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 1.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperthyroid [description not available] | 0 | 7.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperthyroidism Hypersecretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND. Elevated levels of thyroid hormones increase BASAL METABOLIC RATE. | 0 | 7.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Edema-Proteinuria-Hypertension Gestosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Pre-Eclampsia A complication of PREGNANCY, characterized by a complex of symptoms including maternal HYPERTENSION and PROTEINURIA with or without pathological EDEMA. Symptoms may range between mild and severe. Pre-eclampsia usually occurs after the 20th week of gestation, but may develop before this time in the presence of trophoblastic disease. | 0 | 1.93 | 1 | 0 |
| Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Glycosuria The appearance of an abnormally large amount of GLUCOSE in the urine, such as more than 500 mg/day in adults. It can be due to HYPERGLYCEMIA or genetic defects in renal reabsorption (RENAL GLYCOSURIA). | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Neuroses [description not available] | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Neurotic Disorders Disorders in which the symptoms are distressing to the individual and recognized by him or her as being unacceptable. Social relationships may be greatly affected but usually remain within acceptable limits. The disturbance is relatively enduring or recurrent without treatment. | 0 | 2.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Thyrotoxicosis A hypermetabolic syndrome caused by excess THYROID HORMONES which may come from endogenous or exogenous sources. The endogenous source of hormone may be thyroid HYPERPLASIA; THYROID NEOPLASMS; or hormone-producing extrathyroidal tissue. Thyrotoxicosis is characterized by NERVOUSNESS; TACHYCARDIA; FATIGUE; WEIGHT LOSS; heat intolerance; and excessive SWEATING. | 0 | 6.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Fasting Hypoglycemia HYPOGLYCEMIA expressed in the postabsorptive state, after prolonged FASTING, or an overnight fast. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoglycemia A syndrome of abnormally low BLOOD GLUCOSE level. Clinical hypoglycemia has diverse etiologies. Severe hypoglycemia eventually lead to glucose deprivation of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM resulting in HUNGER; SWEATING; PARESTHESIA; impaired mental function; SEIZURES; COMA; and even DEATH. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin B [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Vitamin B Deficiency A condition due to deficiency in any member of the VITAMIN B COMPLEX. These B vitamins are water-soluble and must be obtained from the diet because they are easily lost in the urine. Unlike the lipid-soluble vitamins, they cannot be stored in the body fat. | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Nervous System Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Spirochaetales [description not available] | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus. | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 3.79 | 2 | 1 |
| Cardiac Failure [description not available] | 0 | 1.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 6.92 | 1 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed). | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Besnier-Boeck Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Sarcoidosis An idiopathic systemic inflammatory granulomatous disorder comprised of epithelioid and multinucleated giant cells with little necrosis. It usually invades the lungs with fibrosis and may also involve lymph nodes, skin, liver, spleen, eyes, phalangeal bones, and parotid glands. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infant, Premature, Diseases Diseases that occur in PREMATURE INFANTS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Respiratory Respiratory retention of carbon dioxide. It may be chronic or acute. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertrophy General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA). | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Coma A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Canine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| BH4 Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Phenylketonurias A group of autosomal recessive disorders marked by a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme PHENYLALANINE HYDROXYLASE or less frequently by reduced activity of DIHYDROPTERIDINE REDUCTASE (i.e., atypical phenylketonuria). Classical phenylketonuria is caused by a severe deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase and presents in infancy with developmental delay; SEIZURES; skin HYPOPIGMENTATION; ECZEMA; and demyelination in the central nervous system. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p952). | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Friedreich Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Friedreich Ataxia An autosomal recessive disease, usually of childhood onset, characterized pathologically by degeneration of the spinocerebellar tracts, posterior columns, and to a lesser extent the corticospinal tracts. Clinical manifestations include GAIT ATAXIA, pes cavus, speech impairment, lateral curvature of spine, rhythmic head tremor, kyphoscoliosis, congestive heart failure (secondary to a cardiomyopathy), and lower extremity weakness. Most forms of this condition are associated with a mutation in a gene on chromosome 9, at band q13, which codes for the mitochondrial protein frataxin. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1081; N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75) The severity of Friedreich ataxia associated with expansion of GAA repeats in the first intron of the frataxin gene correlates with the number of trinucleotide repeats. (From Durr et al, N Engl J Med 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1169-75) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Kwashiorkor A syndrome produced by severe protein deficiency, characterized by retarded growth, changes in skin and hair pigment, edema, and pathologic changes in the liver, including fatty infiltration, necrosis, and fibrosis. The word is a local name in Gold Coast, Africa, meaning displaced child. Although first reported from Africa, kwashiorkor is now known throughout the world, but mainly in the tropics and subtropics. It is considered to be related to marasmus. (From Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Bile Duct Obstruction [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Cholestasis Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS). | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Goldblatt Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Renovascular Hypertension due to RENAL ARTERY OBSTRUCTION or compression. | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Tubular Necrosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 2.9 | 4 | 0 |
| Kidney Tubular Necrosis, Acute Acute kidney failure resulting from destruction of EPITHELIAL CELLS of the KIDNEY TUBULES. It is commonly attributed to exposure to toxic agents or renal ISCHEMIA following severe TRAUMA. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Radiation-Induced Leukemia produced by exposure to IONIZING RADIATION or NON-IONIZING RADIATION. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Dilatation, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being dilated beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Impaired Glucose Tolerance [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Glucose Intolerance A pathological state in which BLOOD GLUCOSE level is less than approximately 140 mg/100 ml of PLASMA at fasting, and above approximately 200 mg/100 ml plasma at 30-, 60-, or 90-minute during a GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST. This condition is seen frequently in DIABETES MELLITUS, but also occurs with other diseases and MALNUTRITION. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Renal Artery Stenosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Renal Artery Obstruction Narrowing or occlusion of the RENAL ARTERY or arteries. It is due usually to ATHEROSCLEROSIS; FIBROMUSCULAR DYSPLASIA; THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM, or external pressure. The reduced renal perfusion can lead to renovascular hypertension (HYPERTENSION, RENOVASCULAR). | 0 | 3.37 | 1 | 1 |
| Bile Duct Obstruction, Extrahepatic [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Diseases Pathological processes in the COLON region of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE). | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Metabolic Acidosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Acidosis A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up. | 0 | 3.08 | 5 | 0 |
| Acute Hepatic Failure [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Failure, Acute A form of rapid-onset LIVER FAILURE, also known as fulminant hepatic failure, caused by severe liver injury or massive loss of HEPATOCYTES. It is characterized by sudden development of liver dysfunction and JAUNDICE. Acute liver failure may progress to exhibit cerebral dysfunction even HEPATIC COMA depending on the etiology that includes hepatic ISCHEMIA, drug toxicity, malignant infiltration, and viral hepatitis such as post-transfusion HEPATITIS B and HEPATITIS C. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Achromatopsia Severely deficient color perception, typically with monochromacy and reduced visual acuity. The atypical form can include normal visual acuity with pseudomonochromacy. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Color Vision Defects Defects of color vision are mainly hereditary traits but can be secondary to acquired or developmental abnormalities in the CONES (RETINA). Severity of hereditary defects of color vision depends on the degree of mutation of the ROD OPSINS genes (on X CHROMOSOME and CHROMOSOME 3) that code the photopigments for red, green and blue. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Pheochromocytoma A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertension, Renal Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Group A Strep Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Kahler Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Calculi Low-density crystals or stones in any part of the URINARY TRACT. Their chemical compositions often include CALCIUM OXALATE, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite), CYSTINE, or URIC ACID. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Ischemia A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Fatty Liver with Encephalopathy [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Endotoxin Shock [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Shock, Septic Sepsis associated with HYPOTENSION or hypoperfusion despite adequate fluid resuscitation. Perfusion abnormalities may include but are not limited to LACTIC ACIDOSIS; OLIGURIA; or acute alteration in mental status. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Genito-urinary Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Urogenital Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UROGENITAL SYSTEM in either the male or the female. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Deafness, Transitory [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Hearing Loss A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephrotic Syndrome A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Testis [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Testicular Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Amino Acid Metabolism Disorders, Inborn [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Anemia A reduction in the number of circulating ERYTHROCYTES or in the quantity of HEMOGLOBIN. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Vaginitis Inflammation of the vagina characterized by pain and a purulent discharge. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Renal Tubular, Type I [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Renal Tubular A group of genetic disorders of the KIDNEY TUBULES characterized by the accumulation of metabolically produced acids with elevated plasma chloride, hyperchloremic metabolic ACIDOSIS. Defective renal acidification of URINE (proximal tubules) or low renal acid excretion (distal tubules) can lead to complications such as HYPOKALEMIA, hypercalcinuria with NEPHROLITHIASIS and NEPHROCALCINOSIS, and RICKETS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cystinuria An inherited disorder due to defective reabsorption of CYSTINE and other BASIC AMINO ACIDS by the PROXIMAL RENAL TUBULES. This form of aminoaciduria is characterized by the abnormally high urinary levels of cystine; LYSINE; ARGININE; and ORNITHINE. Mutations involve the amino acid transport protein gene SLC3A1. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Kidney [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Plasmodium [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |