Page last updated: 2024-08-05 15:27:16

thyroid hormone

Any hormone produced by the thyroid gland

ChEBI ID: 60311

Members (3)

MemberDefinitionClass
tetraiodothyroacetic acidA monocarboxylic acid that is thyroacetic acid carrying four iodo substituents at positions 3, 3', 5 and 5'.3,3',5,5'-tetraiodothyroacetic acid
thyroxineThe L-enantiomer of thyroxine.L-thyroxine zwitterion; L-thyroxine
triiodothyronineAn iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine zwitterion; 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine

Research

Studies (46,963)

TimeframeStudies, Drugs with This Role(%)All Drugs %
pre-199023,942 (50.98)18.7374
1990's7,737 (16.47)18.2507
2000's6,682 (14.23)29.6817
2010's6,380 (13.59)24.3611
2020's2,222 (4.73)2.80

Study Types

Publication TypeStudies, Drugs with this Role (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials2,271 (3.47%)5.53%
Reviews3,281 (5.02%)6.00%
Case Studies4,495 (6.88%)4.05%
Observational244 (0.37%)0.25%
Other55,067 (84.25%)84.16%

Protein Targets (118)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1Plasmodium falciparum 3D7Potency2.210612
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.830212
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.5228310
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency36.730524
chromobox protein homolog 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.432812
cytochrome P450 2C9, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.540411
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency22.394323
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.010414
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency56.234111
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency46.960012
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency20.4970813
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.881711
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.192045
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.952611
EWS/FLI fusion proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency3.035322
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency26.559244
GVesicular stomatitis virusPotency27.540411
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.800812
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency57.720322
glp-1 receptor, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.000011
glucocerebrosidaseHomo sapiens (human)Potency56.234111
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency15.251813
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency8.178722
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency78.396022
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.540411
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.745811
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency27.540412
Interferon betaHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.540411
lamin isoform A-delta10Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.763212
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency62.014611
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency79.432811
neuropeptide S receptor isoform AHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.794322
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency43.666747
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.666311
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.349111
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency89.125111
peripheral myelin protein 22Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency11.423911
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency17.797646
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency23.859155
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency35.965034
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency32.802723
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.118711
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency0.943911
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency41.606622
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.944922
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency18.887611
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.302524
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency89.125111
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency13.5194312
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency55.038844
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency18.646711
USP1 protein, partialHomo sapiens (human)Potency53.176412
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency34.895211
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency11.479222

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Adenosine receptor A1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.410911
Adenosine receptor A1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.239711
Androgen receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC5050.000011
Bile acid receptorHomo sapiens (human)IC507.860011
Bile salt export pumpHomo sapiens (human)IC5011.270011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaHomo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonHomo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Homo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piHomo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit thetaHomo sapiens (human)IC5023.000011
Integrin alpha-V Homo sapiens (human)IC500.062411
Integrin beta-3Homo sapiens (human)IC500.062411
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrialHomo sapiens (human)IC5043.600011
Proliferating cell nuclear antigenHomo sapiens (human)IC5026.800012
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC5050.400011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1Mus musculus (house mouse)Ki24.200011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1Homo sapiens (human)IC508.000011
Thyroid hormone receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)IC500.000678
Thyroid hormone receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.001344
Thyroid hormone receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)IC500.000689
Thyroid hormone receptor betaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC500.003112
Thyroid hormone receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.001255
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)IC504.962623
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 Homo sapiens (human)IC505.250022

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Kd0.001014
GABA theta subunitRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit deltaRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilonRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit piRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC507.000011
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2Homo sapiens (human)EC5055.600022
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)EC505.966713
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.406713
ProthrombinHomo sapiens (human)EC500.002933
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)EC507.106723
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)Kd1.215012
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)EC500.002411
Thyroid hormone receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)EC500.00841417
Thyroid hormone receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.000168
Thyroid hormone receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)EC500.02561114
Thyroid hormone receptor betaHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.000168

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Drugs
Monocarboxylate transporter 8Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km4.700011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2Homo sapiens (human)Km7.250012
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km25.200024
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A4Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km6.200012
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A5Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km6.130012
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1Homo sapiens (human)Km2.850012
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3Homo sapiens (human)Km6.400011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1Homo sapiens (human)Km0.090411
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A1Homo sapiens (human)Km0.900011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1Homo sapiens (human)Km5.900011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Km1.900011
TransthyretinHomo sapiens (human)Concentration0.305012