A nutrient is a food component that an organism uses to survive and grow.
ChEBI ID: 33284
| Member | Definition | Class |
|---|---|---|
| choline | A choline that is the parent compound of the cholines class, consisting of ethanolamine having three methyl substituents attached to the amino function. | choline |
| folic acid | An N-acyl-amino acid that is a form of the water-soluble vitamin B9. Its biologically active forms (tetrahydrofolate and others) are essential for nucleotide biosynthesis and homocysteine remethylation. | folic acid |
| iodine | Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge.. | diiodine |
| taurine | An amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid. It is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism. An abundant component of fish- and meat-based foods, it has been used as an oral supplement in the treatment of disorders such as cystic fibrosis and hypertension. | taurine zwitterion; taurine |
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs with This Role(%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 36,413 (42.55) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 9,381 (10.96) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 14,534 (16.98) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 17,862 (20.87) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 7,382 (8.63) | 2.80 |
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs with this Role (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 3,845 (4.20%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 6,856 (7.49%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 2,143 (2.34%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 244 (0.27%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 78,417 (85.70%) | 84.16% |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.4813 | 1 | 1 |
| acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 89.3584 | 1 | 1 |
| acid sphingomyelinase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1189 | 1 | 1 |
| activating transcription factor 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.4104 | 1 | 3 |
| aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.8489 | 1 | 1 |
| alpha-galactosidase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.3872 | 1 | 1 |
| Alpha-synuclein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.9811 | 1 | 1 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.4695 | 3 | 4 |
| aryl hydrocarbon receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 40.4452 | 2 | 3 |
| arylsulfatase A | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0107 | 1 | 1 |
| ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase | Trypanosoma brucei brucei TREU927 | Potency | 0.1694 | 1 | 1 |
| Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0126 | 2 | 2 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.5511 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.5594 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain A, Cruzipain | Trypanosoma cruzi | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Ferritin light chain | Equus caballus (horse) | Potency | 12.5893 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.8541 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 21.2804 | 1 | 2 |
| Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase | Giardia intestinalis | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain B, HADH2 protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.8541 | 1 | 2 |
| cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.3365 | 1 | 1 |
| DNA polymerase beta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 100.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.8913 | 1 | 1 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 24.2559 | 3 | 5 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 41.6225 | 7 | 11 |
| euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 20.5348 | 1 | 2 |
| EWS/FLI fusion protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.9350 | 1 | 1 |
| GALC protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.5623 | 1 | 1 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 14.9707 | 2 | 3 |
| glp-1 receptor, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.0795 | 1 | 1 |
| glucocerebrosidase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 28.9342 | 1 | 2 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.0890 | 1 | 1 |
| Glutamate receptor 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 48.5577 | 1 | 1 |
| histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 27.3060 | 1 | 1 |
| Histone H2A.x | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 31.7236 | 2 | 2 |
| hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.4845 | 1 | 1 |
| IDH1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 20.5962 | 1 | 1 |
| lamin isoform A-delta10 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.3872 | 1 | 1 |
| Luciferase | Photinus pyralis (common eastern firefly) | Potency | 34.8750 | 1 | 2 |
| lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.1187 | 1 | 1 |
| muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 17.7828 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 20.3529 | 3 | 4 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.5821 | 1 | 1 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.3107 | 3 | 3 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 61.6448 | 1 | 1 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 44.6684 | 1 | 1 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.9264 | 1 | 2 |
| pregnane X receptor | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 25.1189 | 1 | 1 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.0871 | 1 | 1 |
| RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 8.1966 | 2 | 3 |
| regulator of G-protein signaling 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.1865 | 1 | 2 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 48.4806 | 2 | 2 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 20.2615 | 2 | 3 |
| thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1648 | 3 | 3 |
| USP1 protein, partial | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.8107 | 1 | 1 |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 12.1823 | 2 | 3 |
| vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 13.2070 | 2 | 3 |
| Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 48.5577 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 3,013.0100 | 1 | 1 |
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 52.5000 | 1 | 1 |
| Bile salt export pump | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 1,000.0000 | 2 | 2 |
| High affinity choline transporter 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 1.6000 | 1 | 1 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 42.0000 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 34.0000 | 2 | 3 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 42.2500 | 3 | 4 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 38.7500 | 3 | 4 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 42.0000 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 42.0000 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 42.0000 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 42.0000 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 35.2000 | 4 | 5 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 42.0000 | 1 | 2 |
| Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 41.5000 | 3 | 4 |
| Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 7,800.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 1.6000 | 1 | 1 |
| Sodium- and chloride-dependent taurine transporter | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 10.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 55.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 925.0000 | 2 | 2 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 2 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 217.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 | 804.5000 | 2 | 2 |
| Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Ki | 14.1000 | 1 | 1 |
| Thymidylate synthase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 | 290.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Thymidylate synthase | Mus musculus (house mouse) | IC50 | 590.0000 | 2 | 2 |
| Thymidylate synthase | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 40.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Kd | 930.0000 | 1 | 7 |
| Chain A, Choline-binding protein | Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. JH642 | Kd | 30.5000 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase | Escherichia coli | Kd | 9.5100 | 1 | 1 |
| Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein | Bacillus subtilis | Kd | 28.0000 | 1 | 4 |
| Chain A, Putative Glycine Betaine-binding Abc Transporter Protein | Sinorhizobium meliloti | Kd | 2.3000 | 1 | 2 |
| Dihydrofolate reductase | Escherichia coli K-12 | Kd | 3.3367 | 3 | 3 |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (mM) | Bioassay(s) | Drugs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Choline O-acetyltransferase | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Km | 290.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial | Homo sapiens (human) | Km | 104.6000 | 1 | 1 |
| Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Km | 234,000,000.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Multidrug resistance associated protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Km | 1,960.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4 | Homo sapiens (human) | Km | 170.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 1 | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Km | 42.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 1 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Km | 514.0000 | 4 | 4 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Activity | 3,540.0000 | 1 | 1 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Km | 167.3333 | 3 | 3 |
| Solute carrier family 22 member 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Km | 1,015.0000 | 3 | 3 |