Any alpha-amino acid which is not a member of the group of 23 proteinogenic amino acids.
| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|
| (tetrazol-5-yl)glycine | | Tet-glycine |
| 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid | A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid consisting of cyclopropane having amino and carboxy substituents both at the 1-position. | 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid zwitterion; 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid |
| 1-methyltryptophan | A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan carrying a single methyl substituent at position 1 on the indole. | 1-methyltryptophan |
| 2-(methylamino)isobutyric acid | A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is isobutyric acid in which the alpha-hydrogen has been replaced by a methylamino group. | alpha-(methylamino)isobutyric acid; N-methyl-aminoisobutyrate zwitterion |
| 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate | An alpha-amino acid that is acetoacetic acid which is substituted by an amino group at position 2. | 2-amino-3-oxobutanoic acid |
| 2-amino-3-phosphonopropionic acid | A non-proteinogenc alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl group has been replaced by a dihydroxy(oxido)-lambda(5)-phosphanyl group. | 2-amino-3-phosphonopropanoic acid |
| 2-amino-3,3-dimethylbutanoic acid | A glycine derivative that is glycine with a tertiary butyl group at position 2. | tert-butylglycine |
| 2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate | The 5-phosphono derivative of 2-aminopentanoic acid; acts as an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist. | 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid |
| 2-aminoadipic acid | An alpha-amino acid that is adipic acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. An intermediate in the formation of lysine. | 2-aminoadipic acid |
| 2-fluorophenylalanine | A phenylalanine derivative in which the hydrogen at position 2 on the benzene ring is replaced by a fluoro group. | 2-fluorophenylalanine |
| 2-phenylglycine | An amino acid with a structure in which a phenyl ring is bonded to the alpha-carbon of glycine. | alpha-phenylglycine |
| 2-tyrosine | A phenylalanine derivative that is phenylalanine carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 2 on the benzene ring. | 2-hydroxyphenylalanine |
| 2,3-diaminopropionic acid | A diamino acid that is alanine in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by an amino group. | 3-aminoalanine zwitterion; 3-aminoalanine |
| 2,4-diaminobutyric acid | A diamino acid that is butyric acid in which a hydrogen at position 2 and a hydrogen at position 4 are replaced by amino groups. | 2,4-diaminobutyric acid |
| 3-chloroalanine | A chloroalanine obtained by replacement of one of the methyl hydrogens of alanine by a chloro group. | 3-chloroalanine |
| 3-cyanoalanine | An alanine derivative obtained by replacement of one of the methyl hydrogens in alanine with a cyano group | 3-cyanoalanine |
| 3-fluorotyrosine | | 3-fluorotyrosine |
| 3-hydroxynorvaline | A non-proteinogenic amino-acid derivative that is norvaline (2-aminopentanoic acid) in which a hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 3-hydroxynorvaline |
| 3-nitrotyrosine | A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. | 3-nitrotyrosine |
| 4-formylaminooxyvinylglycine | | 2-amino-4-formylaminooxy-but-3E-enoic acid |
| 4-methyleneglutamic acid | | 4-methyleneglutamic acid |
| 5-fluorotryptophan | A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is tryptophan in which the hydrogen at position 5 on the indole ring is replaced by a fluoro group. | 5-fluorotryptophan |
| 5-methyltryptophan | A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan substituted by a methyl group at position 5 of the indole ring. | 5-methyltryptophan |
| 5',5',5'-trifluoroleucine | A leucine derivative in which one of its methyl groups is replaced by trifluoromethyl. | 5,5,5-trifluoroleucine |
| 6-hydroxydopa | | 6-hydroxydopa |
| alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid | | (S)-AMPA |
| alpha-aminopimelic acid | An amino dicarboxylic acid that is heptanedioic acid in which a hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by an amino group. It is a component of the cell wall peptidoglycan of bacteria. | 2-aminopimelic acid |
| alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine | A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a 4-carboxyphenyl group (the S-enantiomer). It is a non-selective group I/group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonist. | (S)-alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine |
| argpyrimidine | A member of the class of hydroxypyrimidines obtained by cyclocondensation of L-arginine and methylglyoxal; a methyl glyoxal-derived advanced glycation end-product (AGE) in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy and human cancers. | argpyrimidine |
| azaleucine | An alanine derivative obtained by replacement of one of the methyl hydrogens of alanine by a dimethylamino group. | 4-azaleucine |
| brasilicardin a | A diterpenoid antibiotic isolated from the culture broth of Nocardia brasiliensis IFM0406. It exhibits antitumour and strong immunosuppressive activity. | brasilicardin A |
| buthionine sulfoximine | A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups. | 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid; S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine |
| cilazaprilat | | Cilazaprilat |
| cucumopine | | Cucumopine |
| cucurbitine | | Cucurbitine |
| cycloleucine | A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is cyclopentane substituted at position 1 by amino and carboxy groups. | 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid |
| cysteic acid | An amino sulfonic acid that is the sulfonic acid analogue of cysteine. | cysteic acid |
| dehydroalanine | A 2,3-dehydroamino acid that is alanine which has been dehydrogenated to introduce a double bond between positions 2 and 3. | 2-aminoacrylic acid; 2-ammonioprop-2-enoate |
| delta-n-hydroxyornithine | A member of the class of hydroxylamines that is L-ornithine in which one of the N(5)-amino hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | N(5)-hydroxy-L-ornithine zwitterion; N(5)-hydroxy-L-ornithine |
| dihydroxyphenylalanine | A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring. | dopa |
| dityrosine | A biphenyl compound comprising two tyrosine residues linked at carbon-3 of their benzene rings. | dityrosine |
| homarine | | Betaine homarine |
| ibotenic acid | | Ibotenic acid |
| iminodiacetic acid | An amino dicarboxylic acid that is glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a carboxymethyl group. | iminodiacetic acid |
| indicaxanthin | | Indicaxanthin |
| kynurenine | A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group. | kynurenine |
| lanthionine | An alanine derivative in which two alanine residues are linked on their beta-carbons by a thioether linkage. | lanthionine |
| melagatran | A member of the class of azetidines that is (2S)-azetidine 2-carboxylic acid in which the carboxylic acid has been converted to the amide corresponding to formal condensation with 4-(aminomethyl)benzenecarboximidamide and in which the hydrogen attached to the azetidine nitrogen is replaced by a (2R)-2-cyclohexyl-2-[(carboxymethyl)amino]acetyl group. | melagatran |
| methionine sulfoximine | A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is the sulfoximine derivative of methionine . | methionine sulfoximine |
| n-phenylglycine | A glycine carrying an N-phenyl substituent. | N-phenylglycine |
| p-fluorophenylalanine | A phenylalanine derivative in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a fluoro group. | 4-fluorophenylalanine |
| penicillamine | An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group. | penicillamine |
| penicillamine | An optically active form of penicillamine having D-configuration. Pharmaceutical form (L-form is toxic) of chelating agent used to treat heavy metal poisoning. | D-penicillamine |
| phosphoserine | A serine derivative that is serine substituted at the oxygen atom by a phosphono group. | O-phosphoserine |
| quisqualic acid | | Quisqualic acid |
| selenomethylselenocysteine | An alpha-amino acid compound having methylselanylmethyl as the side-chain. | Se-methylselenocysteine |
| selfotel | | Selfotel |
| serine ethanolamine phosphate | The O-phosphoethanolamine derivative of serine. | serine phosphoethanolamine dizwitterion; serine phosphoethanolamine |
| sinefungin | An adenosine that is the the delta-(5'-adenosyl) derivative of ornithine. | sinefungin |
| temocaprilat | | Temocaprilat |
| thermozymocidin | An amino acid-based antibiotic derived from certain thermophilic fungi; acts as a potent inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase, the first step in sphingosine biosynthesis. Myriocin also possesses immunosuppressant activity. | myriocin |
| thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid | A sulfur-containing amino acid that is proline in which the methylene group at position 4 is replaced by a sulfur atom. | thioproline zwitterion; thioproline |
| thyroxine | An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. | thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine |
| triazolealanine | A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl group. | triazolealanine |