Compounds > carvone
Page last updated: 2024-09-21

carvone

Description

carvone: an oxidized derivative of limonene; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; L-carvone has spearmint flavor, D-carvone has dill/caraway flavor [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

carvone : A p-menthane monoterpenoid that consists of cyclohex-2-enone having methyl and isopropenyl substituents at positions 2 and 5, respectively. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID7439
CHEMBL ID15676
CHEBI ID38265
SCHEMBL ID39408
MeSH IDM0049777

Synonyms (99)

Synonym
HMS1789N08
nsc-6275
p-mentha-6,8-dien-2-one
(-)-2-methyl-5-isopropenyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
karvon
6,8(9)-p-menthadien-2-one
nsc6275 ,
2-methyl-5-isopropenyl-2-cyclohexenone
2-cyclohexen-1-one, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-
99-49-0
.delta.(sup 6,8)-(9)-terpadienone-2
wln: l6v butj b1 ey1 & u1
.delta.-1-methyl-4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one
nci-c55867
1-carvone
.alpha.-carvone
NCI60_008753
NCIOPEN2_001348
2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexene-1-one
d-cavone
5-isopropenyl-2-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
CHEBI:38265 ,
p-mentha-1(6),8-dien-2-one
2-methyl-5-(1-methyl-1-ethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one
carvon
2-methyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-2-enone
2-methyl-5-(1-methylethenyl)-2-cyclohexen-1-one
2-methyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one
carvone (natural)
einecs 202-759-5
6,8-p-menthadien-2-on
brn 1364206
fema number 2249
fema no. 2249
carvone [iso]
hsdb 707
ai3-08877
delta(sup 6,8)-(9)-terpadienone-2
d-p-mentha-1(6),8-dien-2-one
nsc 6275
delta-1-methyl-4-isopropenyl-6-cyclohexen-2-one
nsc93738
nsc-93738
carvone
5-isopropenyl-2-methyl-cyclohex-2-en-1-one
6,8-p-menthadien-2-one
carvone, (+--)-
limonen-6-one
(rs)-5-isopropenyl-2-methylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
2-methyl-5-prop-1-en-2-ylcyclohex-2-en-1-one
CHEMBL15676
FT-0658046
STK801456
AKOS000121377
tox21_302547
dtxsid8047426 ,
dtxcid6027426
cas-99-49-0
NCGC00256915-01
BBL010103
unii-75gk9xia8i
dl-carvone
75gk9xia8i ,
4-07-00-00316 (beilstein handbook reference)
(+-)-carvone
FT-0605067
FT-0600385
carvone, dl-
carvone dl-form [mi]
fema no. 2249, (+/-)-
carvone, (+-)-
carvone, (+/-)-
carvone [hsdb]
carvone [mi]
(+/-)-carvone
carvone [inci]
SCHEMBL39408
W-100036
5-isopropenyl-2-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, (r)-
SY010704
SY012922
Q416800
Z56347241
mfcd00062996
2-methyl-5-isopropenyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one
carvone 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
AS-10471
AMY4152
a carvone
O10834
SY274718
2-methyl-5-(1-propen-2-yl)-2-cyclohexenone
AKOS016843655
A858458
CS-0033814
EN300-16634
1-methyl-4-isopropenyl-delta(6)-cyclohexen-2-one
carvone dl-form
flavor and extract manufacturers' association number 2249

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"(-)-Carvone is a monoterpenoid with a spearmint flavor. "( Ishii, J; Kojima, M; Kondo, A; Matsuda, F; Nishio, Y; Onuki, A; Shimbo, K; Suzuki, M; Usuda, Y; Yoshida, E, 2021)
"Carvone is a monoterpene ketone contained in the essential oils of several aromatic and medicinal plants of the Lamiaceae and Asteraceae families. "( Balahbib, A; Benali, T; Bouyahya, A; Burkov, P; Charfi, S; Ghchime, R; Lorenzo, JM; Mechchate, H; Omari, NE; Shariati, MA, 2021)
"Carvone is a monoterpene compound that has been widely used as a pesticide for more than 10 years. "( Bian, C; Huang, C; Li, B; Li, Y; Wang, L; Zhou, W, 2022)
"(-)-Carvone is a monoterpene found in essential oils with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity."( Cruz, JDS; Menezes-Filho, JER; Quintans-Júnior, LJ; Roman-Campos, DR; Silva, GBAD; Silva-Neto, JAD; Souza, DS; Vasconcelos, CML, 2022)
"Carvone is a widely used chiral fragrance with two isomers (L-carvone and D-carvone). "( Hou, M; Hua, S; Ji, X; Li, Y; Liu, S; Meng, L; Sun, L; Tian, F; Xu, W; Ye, J, 2022)
"Carvone (l-carvone) is a mint-tasting flavour additive that most of us is exposed to and can cause allergic contact reactions."( Enberg, J; Hamnerius, N; Kroona, L; Svedman, C, 2023)
"Carvone is a monoterpene found in nature in the form of enantiomers (S- and R-). "( Alves Leite, J; Carla de Paula Medeiros, K; da Silva Brandi, J; Ferreira Costa, H; Pergentino de Sousa, D; Regina Piuvezam, M; Ribeiro-Filho, J, 2020)
"Carvone is a sustainable and readily available starting material for organic synthesis. "( Finkbeiner, P; Murai, K; Röpke, M; Sarpong, R, 2017)
"Carvone (CVN) is a monocyclic monoterpene found in the essential oils of Mentha spicata var. "( Aydın, E; Keleş, MS; Türkez, H, 2015)
"Carvone is a natural terpene which can be purified as R-(-) or S-(+) enantiomers. "( Delgado-Marín, L; García, DA; Sánchez-Borzone, M, 2014)
"Carvone is a monoterpene that is present in spearmint (Mentha spicata) and caraway (Carum carvi) essential oils and has been shown to have anticonvulsant effects, likely through the blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels, and anxiolytic-like effects. "( Andreatini, R; Barcaro, IM; de Sousa, DP; Nogoceke, FP, 2016)
"(-)-Carvone is a monoterpene ketone found in spearmint (Mentha spicata var. "( da Rocha, MB; de Souza, DP; Marçal, RM; Souza, FV, 2013)
"(-)-Carvone is an antinociceptive monoterpene found as the main active constituent of essential oils obtained from plants of the genus Mentha. "( Araújo, DA; de Souza, HD; Gonçalves, JC; Nery, AA; Prado, MA; Prado, VF; Silveira, AL; Ulrich, H, 2013)
"(-)-Carvone is a monoterpene ketone that is the main active component of Mentha plant species like Mentha spicata. "( Benedito, RB; de Almeida, RN; de Araújo, DA; de Sousa, DP; Gonçalves, JC; Oliveira, Fde S, 2008)

Effects

ExcerptReference
"Carvone has corroborated its versatility as starting material for building blocks synthesis in organic chemistry, being achieved a new chiral lactone. "( Diez, D; Guerrero, EI; Hernández, Y; Mero, A; Mondolis, E; Morin-Pinzón, J; Pombal, S; Rodilla, JM, 2017)
"S-Carvone has been described as a negative regulator of mevalonic acid (MVA) production by interfering with 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) activity, a key player in isoprenoid biosynthesis. "( Bach, TJ; Gastaldo, C; Heintz, D; Hemmerlin, A; Huchelmann, A; Rohmer, M; Schaller, H; Tritsch, D; Veinante, M; Zeng, Y, 2014)
"Carvone has previously been found to highly inhibit its own production at concentrations above 50 mM during conversion of a diastereomeric mixture of (-)-carveol by whole cells of Rhodococcus erythropolis. "( da Fonseca, MM; de Carvalho, CC; Poretti, A, 2005)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"D-carvone (40 mg/kg) treatment appreciably diminished the LPS provoked NO production and pro-inflammatory modulators in the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines."( Li, C; Wang, G; Wu, S; Zhu, X, 2020)
"Carvone's 21-day treatment prevented all of these changes in immobilised rats."( Aghazadeh, S; Amini, R; Asle-Rousta, M, 2023)

Roles (1)

RoleDescription
allergenA chemical compound, or part thereof, which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
carvonesAny p-menthane monoterpenoid having the carvone skeleton as part of its structure.
botanical anti-fungal agentHeteroorganic entities that are plant metabolites which have significant antifungal properties.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (1)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency54.15040.003041.611522,387.1992AID1159552; AID1159555
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioassays (4)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID588519A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities2011Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3
High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors.
AID540299A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis2010Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21
Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID360503Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity1995Journal of natural products, Nov, Volume: 58, Issue:11
Santolindiacetylene, a polyacetylene derivative isolated from the essential oil of Santolina canescens.
AID19262Aqueous solubility2000Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-05, Volume: 10, Issue:11
Prediction of drug solubility from Monte Carlo simulations.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (323)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199019 (5.88)18.7374
1990's19 (5.88)18.2507
2000's100 (30.96)29.6817
2010's127 (39.32)24.3611
2020's58 (17.96)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials5 (1.47%)5.53%
Reviews7 (2.05%)6.00%
Case Studies7 (2.05%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other322 (94.43%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceDescriptionRelationhip StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
alpha-pinene[no description available]medium80pineneplant metabolite
gamma-terpinene[no description available]medium10cyclohexadiene;
monoterpene		antioxidant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
4-cymene[no description available]medium20monoterpene;
toluenes		human urinary metabolite;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
beta-phellandrene[no description available]medium10phellandreneplant metabolite
4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol[no description available]medium60terpineol;
tertiary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antiparasitic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
beta-pinene[no description available]medium20pineneplant metabolite
sabinene[no description available]medium10thujeneplant metabolite
myrcene[no description available]medium30monoterpeneanabolic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
flavouring agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
camphora[no description available]medium20camphor
1-alpha-terpineol[no description available]medium10alpha-terpineolplant metabolite
borneol[no description available]medium10borneol
ascorbic acid[no description available]medium30ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
ethylene dichloride[no description available]medium10chloroethaneshepatotoxic agent;
mutagen;
non-polar solvent
acetamide[no description available]medium10acetamides;
carboximidic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia
adenine[no description available]medium206-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
benzaldehyde[no description available]medium30benzaldehydesEC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
fragrance;
odorant receptor agonist;
plant metabolite
benzene[no description available]medium20aromatic annulene;
benzenes;
volatile organic compound		carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
non-polar solvent
benzoic acid[no description available]medium10benzoic acidsalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
salicylic acid[no description available]medium20monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
propionaldehyde[no description available]medium10alpha-CH2-containing aldehyde;
propanals		Escherichia coli metabolite
dibenzofuran[no description available]medium10dibenzofurans;
mancude organic heterotricyclic parent;
polycyclic heteroarene		xenobiotic
cytosine[no description available]medium10aminopyrimidine;
pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
alanine[no description available]medium10alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion		fundamental metabolite
hexachlorocyclohexane[no description available]medium10chlorocyclohexane
indole[no description available]medium20indole;
polycyclic heteroarene		Escherichia coli metabolite
methanol[no description available]medium10alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
acetanilide[no description available]medium10acetamides;
anilide		analgesic
naphthalene[no description available]medium10naphthalenes;
ortho-fused bicyclic arene		apoptosis inhibitor;
carcinogenic agent;
environmental contaminant;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
phenol[no description available]medium10phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
1-propanol[no description available]medium20propan-1-ols;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol		metabolite;
protic solvent
pyridine[no description available]medium10azaarene;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene;
pyridines		environmental contaminant;
NMR chemical shift reference compound
dimethyl sulfide[no description available]medium10aliphatic sulfidealgal metabolite;
bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
marine metabolite
succinic acid[no description available]medium10alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
C4-dicarboxylic acid		anti-ulcer drug;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
radiation protective agent
toluene[no description available]medium20methylbenzene;
toluenes;
volatile organic compound		cholinergic antagonist;
fuel additive;
neurotoxin;
non-polar solvent
trimethylamine[no description available]medium10methylamines;
tertiary amine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite
uracil[no description available]medium10pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
phenytoin[no description available]medium10imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
acetaminophen[no description available]medium20acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
acetaminophen[no description available]medium21acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
theophylline[no description available]medium10dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
aspirin[no description available]medium20benzoic acids;
phenyl acetates;
salicylates		anticoagulant;
antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant activator;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin antagonist;
teratogenic agent
atrazine[no description available]medium10chloro-1,3,5-triazine;
diamino-1,3,5-triazine		environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
barbital[no description available]medium10barbituratesdrug allergen
benzamide[no description available]medium10benzamides
benzocaine[no description available]medium10benzoate ester;
substituted aniline		allergen;
antipruritic drug;
sensitiser;
topical anaesthetic
bay h 4502[no description available]medium10biphenyls;
imidazoles
bromazepam[no description available]medium10organic molecular entity
caffeine[no description available]medium40purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine		adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
chlorpromazine[no description available]medium10organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
4-cresol[no description available]medium10cresolEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
uremic toxin
desipramine[no description available]medium10dibenzoazepine;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug allergen;
EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
diazepam[no description available]medium201,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
ddt[no description available]medium10benzenoid aromatic compound;
chlorophenylethane;
monochlorobenzenes;
organochlorine insecticide		bridged diphenyl acaricide;
carcinogenic agent;
endocrine disruptor;
persistent organic pollutant
diuron[no description available]medium103-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea;
dichlorobenzene		environmental contaminant;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
photosystem-II inhibitor;
urea herbicide;
xenobiotic
ether[no description available]medium10ether;
volatile organic compound		inhalation anaesthetic;
non-polar solvent;
refrigerant
fenbufen[no description available]medium104-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
biphenyls		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
fluconazole[no description available]medium10conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flurbiprofen[no description available]medium10fluorobiphenyl;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
ibuprofen[no description available]medium10monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger;
xenobiotic
lidocaine[no description available]medium10benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
imipramine[no description available]medium10dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
indomethacin[no description available]medium10aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
indoprofen[no description available]medium10gamma-lactam;
isoindoles;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
2-propanol[no description available]medium10secondary alcohol;
secondary fatty alcohol		protic solvent
ketoprofen[no description available]medium10benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
lorazepam[no description available]medium10benzodiazepine
nevirapine[no description available]medium10cyclopropanes;
dipyridodiazepine		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nifedipine[no description available]medium10C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
oxazepam[no description available]medium101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
perphenazine[no description available]medium10N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin[no description available]medium10acetamides;
aromatic ether		cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenobarbital[no description available]medium10barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
procaine[no description available]medium10benzoate ester;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
drug allergen;
local anaesthetic;
peripheral nervous system drug
promazine[no description available]medium10phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
thioridazine[no description available]medium10phenothiazines;
piperidines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
trifluoperazine[no description available]medium10N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine[no description available]medium10organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
corticosterone[no description available]medium1011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
prednisone[no description available]medium1011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
chloramphenicol[no description available]medium20C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
aniline[no description available]medium10anilines;
primary arylamine
mannitol[no description available]medium10mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
4-toluenesulfonamide[no description available]medium10sulfonamide
1,1,1-trichloroethane[no description available]medium10chloroethanespolar solvent
ethylamine[no description available]medium10primary aliphatic aminehuman metabolite
nitromethane[no description available]medium10primary nitroalkane;
volatile organic compound		EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
explosive;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
polar aprotic solvent
tert-butyl alcohol[no description available]medium10tertiary alcoholhuman xenobiotic metabolite
methylethyl ketone[no description available]medium10butanone;
dialkyl ketone;
methyl ketone;
volatile organic compound		bacterial metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent
trichloroethylene[no description available]medium10chloroethenesinhalation anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite
methyl acetate[no description available]medium10acetate ester;
methyl ester;
volatile organic compound		EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor;
fragrance;
polar aprotic solvent
nitroethane[no description available]medium10primary nitroalkane
fluorene[no description available]medium10ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon
hexamethylbenzene[no description available]medium10methylbenzene
quinoline[no description available]medium10azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinolines
diphenyl[no description available]medium10aromatic fungicide;
benzenes;
biphenyls		antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial food preservative
benzidine[no description available]medium10biphenyls;
substituted aniline		carcinogenic agent
methyl benzoate[no description available]medium10benzoate ester;
methyl ester		insect attractant;
metabolite
benzotrifluoride[no description available]medium10(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
fluorohydrocarbon		environmental contaminant;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
solvent
butylphen[no description available]medium10phenolsallergen
acetophenone[no description available]medium20acetophenonesanimal metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
nitrobenzene[no description available]medium10nitroarene;
nitrobenzenes
benzonitrile[no description available]medium10benzenes;
nitrile
anisole[no description available]medium10monomethoxybenzeneplant metabolite
4-chloroaniline[no description available]medium10chloroaniline;
monochlorobenzenes
propionitrile[no description available]medium10aliphatic nitrile;
volatile organic compound		polar aprotic solvent
bromobenzene[no description available]medium10bromoarene;
bromobenzenes;
volatile organic compound		hepatotoxic agent;
mouse metabolite;
non-polar solvent
chlorobenzene[no description available]medium10monochlorobenzenessolvent
pentane[no description available]medium20alkane;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent;
refrigerant
dimethoxymethane[no description available]medium10acetal;
diether
tetrahydrofuran[no description available]medium20cyclic ether;
oxolanes;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
volatile organic compound		polar aprotic solvent
furan[no description available]medium10furans;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene		carcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
Maillard reaction product
thiophenes[no description available]medium10mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene;
thiophenes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
n-hexane[no description available]medium10alkane;
volatile organic compound		neurotoxin;
non-polar solvent
cyclohexane[no description available]medium10cycloalkane;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
cyclohexene[no description available]medium20cycloalkene
morpholine[no description available]medium10morpholines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		NMR chemical shift reference compound
ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate[no description available]medium10ethyl ester;
paraben		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial food preservative;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
3-nitrobenzoic acid[no description available]medium10
2-naphthol[no description available]medium10naphtholantinematodal drug;
genotoxin;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
ethyl acetate[no description available]medium30acetate ester;
ethyl ester;
volatile organic compound		EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor;
metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ephedrine[no description available]medium10phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenylethanolamines		bacterial metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
fluorobenzenes[no description available]medium10monofluorobenzenesNMR chemical shift reference compound
4-chloroacetanilide[no description available]medium10acetamides;
monochlorobenzenes
1-chloropropane[no description available]medium10
2,3-dichlorophenol[no description available]medium10
methyl butyrate[no description available]medium10fatty acid ester
decachlorobiphenyl[no description available]medium10pentachlorobenzenes;
polychlorobiphenyl
desmedipham[no description available]medium10carbamate esteragrochemical;
environmental contaminant;
herbicide;
xenobiotic
menthone[no description available]medium80menthone
dimethylacetamide[no description available]medium10acetamides;
monocarboxylic acid amide		human metabolite
pyrene[no description available]medium10ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arenefluorescent probe;
persistent organic pollutant
fenoxycarb[no description available]medium10aromatic ether;
carbamate ester		environmental contaminant;
insecticide;
juvenile hormone mimic;
xenobiotic
fenclofenac[no description available]medium10aromatic ether
naproxen[no description available]medium10methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
atropine[no description available]medium10
(+)-limonene[no description available]medium10limoneneplant metabolite
griseofulvin[no description available]medium201-benzofurans;
antibiotic antifungal drug;
benzofuran antifungal drug;
organochlorine compound;
oxaspiro compound		antibacterial agent;
Penicillium metabolite
cocaine[no description available]medium10benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
diethylstilbestrol[no description available]medium10olefinic compound;
polyphenol		antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inducer;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
endocrine disruptor;
xenoestrogen
sulindac[no description available]medium10monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		analgesic;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent
dinoprostone[no description available]medium20prostaglandins Ehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic
codeine[no description available]medium10morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antitussive;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
opioid analgesic;
opioid receptor agonist;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
morphine[no description available]medium20morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
nifuroxime[no description available]medium10
nitrofurantoin[no description available]medium20imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
warfarin[no description available]medium20benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
guanine[no description available]medium202-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allopurinol[no description available]medium10nucleobase analogue;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
gout suppressant;
radical scavenger
dihydrocarvone[no description available]medium60dihydrocarvonesplant metabolite
limonene[no description available]medium660cycloalkene;
p-menthadiene		human metabolite
methyl salicylate[no description available]medium10benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
salicylates		flavouring agent;
insect attractant;
metabolite
salicylates[no description available]medium10monohydroxybenzoateplant metabolite
triazoles[no description available]medium411,2,3-triazole
carveol[no description available]medium140limonene monoterpenoidplant metabolite;
volatile oil component
camphor, (+-)-isomer[no description available]medium30bornane monoterpenoid;
cyclic monoterpene ketone		plant metabolite
aplysiatoxin[no description available]medium10aplysiatoxins;
bromophenol;
cyclic hemiketal;
ether;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol;
spiroketal		algal metabolite;
carcinogenic agent;
cyanotoxin;
marine metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist
menthol[no description available]medium191p-menthane monoterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		volatile oil component
carvacrol[no description available]medium80botanical anti-fungal agent;
p-menthane monoterpenoid;
phenols		agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
flavouring agent;
TRPA1 channel agonist;
volatile oil component
aflatoxin b1[no description available]medium10aflatoxin;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone		carcinogenic agent;
human metabolite
ketoisophorone[no description available]medium30cyclohexenones
cinnamaldehyde[no description available]medium503-phenylprop-2-enal;
cinnamaldehydes		antifungal agent;
EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
sensitiser;
vasodilator agent
verbenone[no description available]medium20carbobicyclic compound;
cyclic ketone;
enone
pheophytin a[no description available]medium10
cyanoginosin lr[no description available]medium10microcystinbacterial metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
titanium[no description available]medium30titanium group element atom
titanium dioxide[no description available]medium20titanium oxidesfood colouring
citral[no description available]medium131enal;
monoterpenoid;
polyprenal		plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
citronellal[no description available]medium20aldehyde;
monoterpenoid		antifungal agent;
metabolite
taxane[no description available]medium10diterpene;
terpenoid fundamental parent
clay[no description available]medium20
methyl jasmonate[no description available]medium30
sodium metabisulfite[no description available]medium10inorganic sodium saltfood antioxidant
mercury[no description available]medium30elemental mercury;
zinc group element atom		neurotoxin
1,3,4-oxadiazole[no description available]medium10
citronellol[no description available]medium50monoterpenoidplant metabolite
isopentyl alcohol[no description available]medium10alkyl alcohol;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		antifungal agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
xenobiotic metabolite
pulegone[no description available]medium40p-menth-4(8)-en-3-one
sesquiterpenes[no description available]medium170
xiamycin[no description available]medium10
decalin[no description available]medium20ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbonsolvent
nadp[no description available]medium20
estragole[no description available]medium20alkenylbenzene;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenylpropanoid		carcinogenic agent;
flavouring agent;
genotoxin;
insect attractant;
plant metabolite
fenchone, (+-)-isomer[no description available]medium20carbobicyclic compound;
cyclic terpene ketone;
fenchane monoterpenoid		plant metabolite
cuminaldehyde[no description available]medium30benzaldehydesinsecticide;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
isoleucine[no description available]medium10aspartate family amino acid;
isoleucine;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
leucine[no description available]medium10amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
catechin[no description available]medium11catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
palladium[no description available]medium61metal allergen;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
pectins[no description available]medium11D-galactopyranuronic acid
piperidines[no description available]medium31
carbon tetrachloride[no description available]medium11chlorocarbon;
chloromethanes		hepatotoxic agent;
refrigerant
epigallocatechin gallate[no description available]medium11flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
kynurenine[no description available]medium11aromatic ketone;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
substituted aniline		human metabolite
amylopectin[no description available]medium11
chitosan[no description available]medium21
sulfamethoxazole[no description available]medium11isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
levofloxacin[no description available]medium119-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
methane[no description available]medium11alkane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride;
one-carbon compound		bacterial metabolite;
fossil fuel;
greenhouse gas
diallyl disulfide[no description available]medium21organic disulfideantifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
sodium glutamate[no description available]medium11monosodium glutamateflavouring agent
tofacitinib[no description available]medium21N-acylpiperidine;
nitrile;
pyrrolopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound		antirheumatic drug;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
glpg0634[no description available]medium11
indoleacetic acid[no description available]medium10indole-3-acetic acids;
monocarboxylic acid		auxin;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
3-hydroxybutanal[no description available]medium20
cyclopentanone[no description available]medium30cyclopentanonesMaillard reaction product
cyclopentane[no description available]medium50cycloalkane;
cyclopentanes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
piperitone[no description available]medium40cyclic terpene ketone;
p-menthane monoterpenoid		plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
eucalyptol[no description available]medium90
mintlactone[no description available]medium10
thapsigargin[no description available]medium10butyrate ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
cyclohexanol[no description available]medium90cyclohexanols;
secondary alcohol		solvent
benzyl isothiocyanate[no description available]medium10benzenes;
isothiocyanate		antibacterial drug
tetralin[no description available]medium10ortho-fused bicyclic hydrocarbon;
tetralins
ethylene[no description available]medium10alkene;
gas molecular entity		plant hormone;
refrigerant
crotogoudin[no description available]medium10
allyl alcohol[no description available]medium20primary allylic alcohol;
propenol		antibacterial agent;
fungicide;
herbicide;
insecticide;
plant metabolite
lavandulol[no description available]medium20lavandulol
alkenes[no description available]medium30
nonanal[no description available]medium10medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
alpha-terpineol[no description available]medium40terpineolplant metabolite
linalool[no description available]medium60monoterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		antimicrobial agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
isoamyl acetate[no description available]medium40acetate estermetabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
n-pentanol[no description available]medium50pentanol;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
rebeccamycin[no description available]medium10indolocarbazole;
N-glycosyl compound;
organic heterohexacyclic compound;
organochlorine compound
barbamide[no description available]medium10fatty amide
pyrrolnitrin[no description available]medium10alkaloid;
C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrroles		antifungal drug;
bacterial metabolite
cetyl alcohol[no description available]medium10hexadecanol;
long-chain primary fatty alcohol		algal metabolite;
flavouring agent;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
thiazoles[no description available]medium401,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
pacidamycin d[no description available]medium10
pentylenetetrazole[no description available]medium30organic heterobicyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
gold[no description available]medium10copper group element atom;
elemental gold
nickel[no description available]medium10metal allergen;
nickel group element atom		epitope;
micronutrient
phosphorus[no description available]medium10monoatomic phosphorus;
nonmetal atom;
pnictogen		macronutrient
caprolactone[no description available]medium20epsilon-lactone
gibberellins[no description available]medium30
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene[no description available]medium10ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
tetraphenes		carcinogenic agent
anethole[no description available]medium40anetholeflavouring agent
urea[no description available]medium30isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-butanol[no description available]medium20secondary alcohol
1-butanol[no description available]medium20alkyl alcohol;
primary alcohol;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent
betadex[no description available]medium20cyclodextrin
myrtenol[no description available]medium10
myrtenal[no description available]medium20
acrolein[no description available]medium30enalherbicide;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
toxin
tiletamine hydrochloride[no description available]medium30
1,2-dimethylhydrazine[no description available]medium10hydrazinesalkylating agent;
carcinogenic agent
cellulase[no description available]medium10cellotriose
capsidiol[no description available]medium10eremophilane sesquiterpenoid;
octahydronaphthalenes;
sesquiterpene phytoalexin		antifungal agent;
plant metabolite
erythritol[no description available]medium10butane-1,2,3,4-tetrolantioxidant;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
fosfomycin[no description available]medium10epoxide;
phosphonic acids		antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
fosmidomycin[no description available]medium10hydroxamic acid;
phosphonic acids		antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 1.1.1.267 (1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase) inhibitor
mevalonic acid[no description available]medium103,5-dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
2-c-methylerythritol 4-phosphate[no description available]medium10tetritol phosphateEscherichia coli metabolite
mocetinostat[no description available]medium30aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
bradykinin[no description available]medium10oligopeptidehuman blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent
calyciphylline a[no description available]medium10
flavin mononucleotide[no description available]medium20
levodione[no description available]medium10cyclohexanonesbacterial metabolite
caseins[no description available]medium10
flunitrazepam[no description available]medium101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound;
monofluorobenzenes		anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
piperine[no description available]medium10benzodioxoles;
N-acylpiperidine;
piperidine alkaloid;
tertiary carboxamide		food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
clobetasol[no description available]medium1011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
SMO receptor agonist
bruceantin[no description available]medium10triterpenoid
cassaine[no description available]medium10enoate ester;
organic hydroxy compound;
tertiary amino compound;
tricyclic diterpenoid		antihypertensive agent;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
local anaesthetic;
plant metabolite;
poison
albendazole[no description available]medium10aryl sulfide;
benzimidazoles;
benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide;
carbamate ester		anthelminthic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
thymol[no description available]medium50monoterpenoid;
phenols		volatile oil component
isoniazid[no description available]medium10carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
perillyl alcohol[no description available]medium30limonene monoterpenoidplant metabolite;
volatile oil component
succinic anhydride[no description available]medium10cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
tetrahydrofurandione
diethylene glycol[no description available]medium10hydroxyether
isoprene[no description available]medium20alkadiene;
hemiterpene;
volatile organic compound		plant metabolite
capsaicin[no description available]medium20capsaicinoidnon-narcotic analgesic;
TRPV1 agonist;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
glutamic acid[no description available]medium10glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
capsazepine[no description available]medium20benzazepine;
catechols;
monochlorobenzenes;
thioureas		capsaicin receptor antagonist
hc 030031[no description available]medium10
arsenic[no description available]medium20metalloid atom;
pnictogen		micronutrient
ergosterol[no description available]medium103beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
ergostanoid;
phytosterols		fungal metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cellulose[no description available]medium20glycoside
calcitriol[no description available]medium20D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
acetovanillone[no description available]medium10acetophenones;
aromatic ketone;
methyl ketone		antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.6.3.1. [NAD(P)H oxidase (H2O2-forming)] inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug;
plant metabolite
verapamil[no description available]medium20aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
4-butyrolactone[no description available]medium20butan-4-olidemetabolite;
neurotoxin
butenolide[no description available]medium10butenolide
rotundifolone[no description available]medium10oxacycle
strychnine[no description available]medium10monoterpenoid indole alkaloid;
organic heteroheptacyclic compound		avicide;
cholinergic antagonist;
glycine receptor antagonist;
neurotransmitter agent;
rodenticide
methylphenidate[no description available]medium10beta-amino acid ester;
methyl ester;
piperidines
heptanol[no description available]medium10heptanol;
primary alcohol		flavouring agent;
fragrance;
gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor;
plant metabolite
phosphine[no description available]medium10mononuclear parent hydride;
phosphanes;
phosphine		carcinogenic agent;
fumigant insecticide
piperitenone[no description available]medium30p-menthadien-3-one
coumarin[no description available]medium10coumarinsfluorescent dye;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one[no description available]medium10cyclic olefin
aspartic acid[no description available]medium10aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
glycine[no description available]medium10alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical
threonine[no description available]medium10amino acid zwitterion;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
threonine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tricyclazole[no description available]medium10triazolobenzothiazoleantifungal agrochemical;
melanin synthesis inhibitor
nad[no description available]medium10organophosphate oxoanioncofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2,6-dichloroindophenol[no description available]medium10dichlorobenzene;
quinone imine
styrene[no description available]medium10styrenes;
vinylarene;
volatile organic compound		mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite
3-buten-2-one[no description available]medium10enone;
methyl ketone
flavin-adenine dinucleotide[no description available]medium10flavin adenine dinucleotide;
vitamin B2		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prosthetic group
1,4-naphthoquinone[no description available]medium101,4-naphthoquinones
naphthoquinones[no description available]medium10
n-hexanal[no description available]medium10medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		human urinary metabolite
ethanolamine[no description available]medium10ethanolamines;
primary alcohol;
primary amine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
picrotoxin[no description available]medium10
flumazenil[no description available]medium10ethyl ester;
imidazobenzodiazepine;
organofluorine compound		antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning;
GABA antagonist
ketoconazole[no description available]medium10dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
ether;
imidazoles;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine
tryptophan[no description available]medium10erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tin[no description available]medium10carbon group element atom;
elemental tin;
metal atom		micronutrient
2-ethylhexanoic acid tin(ii) salt[no description available]medium10
nitrendipine[no description available]medium10C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
n-pentanoic acid[no description available]medium10short-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		plant metabolite
isovaleric acid[no description available]medium20branched-chain saturated fatty acid;
methylbutyric acid;
short-chain fatty acid		mammalian metabolite;
plant metabolite
cysteine[no description available]medium10cysteiniumfundamental metabolite
tetraphenylporphine[no description available]medium10
maltodextrin[no description available]medium10
petroselinic acid[no description available]medium10octadec-6-enoic acidplant metabolite
ethyl butyrate[no description available]medium10butyrate esterplant metabolite
pyrroles[no description available]medium10pyrrole;
secondary amine
benzyl benzoate[no description available]medium20benzoate ester;
benzyl ester		acaricide;
plant metabolite;
scabicide
phenyl acetate[no description available]medium60benzenes;
phenyl acetates
gibberellic acid[no description available]medium10C19-gibberellin;
gibberellin monocarboxylic acid;
lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
vanillin[no description available]medium10benzaldehydes;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
flavouring agent;
plant metabolite
naringenin[no description available]medium10(2S)-flavan-4-one;
naringenin		expectorant;
plant metabolite
nicorandil[no description available]medium30nitrate ester;
pyridinecarboxamide		potassium channel opener;
vasodilator agent
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl[no description available]medium10
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer[no description available]medium20D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
salicin[no description available]medium10aromatic primary alcohol;
aryl beta-D-glucoside;
benzyl alcohols		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
deoxynivalenol[no description available]medium10cyclic ketone;
enone;
primary alcohol;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
trichothecene;
triol		mycotoxin
beta-ionone[no description available]medium10iononeantioxidant;
fragrance
geranylacetone[no description available]medium10monoterpene ketoneflavouring agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
platinum[no description available]medium10elemental platinum;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
azulene[no description available]medium10azulenes;
mancude carbobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused bicyclic arene		plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
phenanthrenes[no description available]medium10
farnesol[no description available]medium20farnesolplant metabolite
terpestacin[no description available]medium10secondary alcohol
carbachol[no description available]medium10ammonium salt;
carbamate ester		cardiotonic drug;
miotic;
muscarinic agonist;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
potassium chloride[no description available]medium10inorganic chloride;
inorganic potassium salt;
potassium salt		fertilizer
histamine[no description available]medium10aralkylamino compound;
imidazoles		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
barium chloride[no description available]medium10barium salt;
inorganic chloride		potassium channel blocker
chlorine[no description available]medium10halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
perillaldehyde[no description available]medium30aldehyde;
olefinic compound		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
volatile oil component
deoxyglucose[no description available]medium20
deuterium[no description available]medium20dihydrogen
hydrogen[no description available]medium10elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity		antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite
concanavalin a[no description available]medium10
nicardipine[no description available]medium20benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound
perillic acid[no description available]medium30alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
3,3-dimethylallyl pyrophosphate[no description available]medium10prenol phosphateepitope;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
phosphoantigen
isopentenyl pyrophosphate[no description available]medium10prenol phosphateantigen;
antioxidant;
epitope;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
phosphoantigen
mk 458[no description available]medium30hydrochlorideanticonvulsant;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
lactose[no description available]medium30lactose
nimodipine[no description available]medium202-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
methylcellulose[no description available]medium50
triclosan[no description available]medium10aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
fungicide;
persistent organic pollutant;
xenobiotic
isoborneol[no description available]medium20borneol
glucuronic acid[no description available]medium20D-glucuronic acidalgal metabolite
hydroxyproline[no description available]medium104-hydroxyproline;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
n-acetylneuraminic acid[no description available]medium10N-acetylneuraminic acidsantioxidant;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate[no description available]medium10acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator
geraniol[no description available]medium203,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol;
monoterpenoid;
primary alcohol		allergen;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
trilobolide[no description available]medium10sesquiterpene lactone
myristicin[no description available]medium10organic molecular entitymetabolite
apiole[no description available]medium10benzodioxolesmetabolite
pyrogallol[no description available]medium10benzenetriol;
phenolic donor		plant metabolite
fischerindole[no description available]medium10
praseodymium[no description available]medium10f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
1'-acetoxychavicol acetate[no description available]medium10acetate ester;
phenylpropanoid		antineoplastic agent;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
1-hexanol[no description available]medium10hexanol;
primary alcohol		alarm pheromone;
antibacterial agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite
vinyl acetate[no description available]medium10acetate ester
selegiline[no description available]medium10selegiline;
terminal acetylenic compound		geroprotector
thiazolyl blue[no description available]medium10organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
diclofenac[no description available]medium10amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
nerolidol[no description available]medium10nerolidol
glycerol[no description available]medium10alditol;
triol		algal metabolite;
detergent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
solvent
lactic acid[no description available]medium102-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
haloperidol[no description available]medium10aromatic ketone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
propylene glycol[no description available]medium10glycol;
propane-1,2-diols		allergen;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent
pentobarbital[no description available]medium10barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist
caryophyllene[no description available]medium10
beta-thujone[no description available]medium20beta-thujone
4-acetylbenzoic acid[no description available]medium10
octane[no description available]medium10alkanexenobiotic
platensimycin[no description available]medium10aromatic amide;
cyclic ether;
cyclic ketone;
dihydroxybenzoic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
polycyclic cage		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor
adamantane[no description available]medium10adamantanes;
polycyclic alkane
methyl caproate[no description available]medium10fatty acid methyl ester;
hexanoate ester		flavouring agent;
plant metabolite
valerates[no description available]medium10short-chain fatty acid anion;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion		plant metabolite
sodium dodecyl sulfate[no description available]medium10organic sodium saltdetergent;
protein denaturant
oleic acid[no description available]medium10octadec-9-enoic acidantioxidant;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
solvent
formaldehyde[no description available]medium10aldehyde;
one-carbon compound		allergen;
carcinogenic agent;
disinfectant;
EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sucrose[no description available]medium10glycosyl glycosidealgal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
naloxone[no description available]medium10morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
ondansetron[no description available]medium10carbazoles
2-nonanone[no description available]medium10methyl ketoneplant metabolite
1-octanol[no description available]medium10octanol;
primary alcohol		antifungal agent;
bacterial metabolite;
fuel additive;
kairomone;
plant metabolite
amyl acetate[no description available]medium10acetate estermetabolite
decanaldehyde[no description available]medium10medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		antifungal agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite
mersalyl[no description available]medium10
iodine[no description available]medium10diatomic iodinenutrient
vinblastine[no description available]medium10p-menthane monoterpenoid
tamoxifen[no description available]medium20stilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
ampicillin[no description available]medium10beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
dapi[no description available]medium10indolesfluorochrome
neutral red[no description available]medium10hydrochlorideacid-base indicator;
dye;
two-colour indicator
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid[no description available]medium105-oxoproline;
L-proline derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		algal metabolite
malondialdehyde[no description available]medium10dialdehydebiomarker
2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid[no description available]medium10
thiazolidines[no description available]medium10thiazolidine
colforsin[no description available]medium10acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
labdane diterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
triol		adenylate cyclase agonist;
anti-HIV agent;
antihypertensive agent;
plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
protein kinase A agonist
activins[no description available]medium10
2-chlorobenzaldehyde[no description available]medium10
galactose[no description available]medium10
alpha-eudesmol[no description available]medium10eudesmane sesquiterpenoid;
octahydronaphthalenes;
tertiary alcohol		volatile oil component
chrysanthemol[no description available]medium10cyclopropanes;
homoallylic alcohol;
monoterpenoid;
primary alcohol
2,4',5-trichlorobiphenyl[no description available]medium10
lilial[no description available]medium10
triethylamine[no description available]medium10tertiary amine
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate[no description available]medium10myo-inositol trisphosphatemouse metabolite
thujopsene[no description available]medium10thujopseneplant metabolite
retinol[no description available]medium10retinol;
vitamin A		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
n-heptane[no description available]medium10alkane;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent;
plant metabolite
benzofurans[no description available]medium10
citralva[no description available]medium10
2-isobutyl-3-methoxypyrazine[no description available]medium10
pyrazines[no description available]medium10diazine;
pyrazines		Daphnia magna metabolite
allyl sulfide[no description available]medium10organic sulfide
diethylnitrosamine[no description available]medium10nitrosaminecarcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
mutagen
hydroxycitronellal[no description available]medium10tertiary alcoholallergen;
fragrance
dinitrochlorobenzene[no description available]low00C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes		allergen;
epitope;
sensitiser
choline[no description available]low00cholinesallergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutrient;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-aminophenol[no description available]low00aminophenolallergen;
metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid[no description available]low00aminobenzoic acid;
aromatic amino-acid zwitterion		allergen;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
phenylacetic acid[no description available]low00benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenylacetic acids		allergen;
Aspergillus metabolite;
auxin;
EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
toxin
phosphorylcholine[no description available]low00phosphocholinesallergen;
epitope;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
2,4-dinitrophenol[no description available]low00dinitrophenolallergen;
antiseptic drug;
bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
geroprotector;
oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
carbamazepine epoxide[no description available]low00dibenzoazepine;
epoxide;
ureas		allergen;
drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
n-methyl-4-aminophenol[no description available]low00phenolsallergen
barbituric acid[no description available]low00barbituratesallergen;
xenobiotic
dinitrofluorobenzene[no description available]low00C-nitro compound;
organofluorine compound		agrochemical;
allergen;
chromatographic reagent;
EC 2.7.3.2 (creatine kinase) inhibitor;
protein-sequencing agent;
spectrophotometric reagent
ethylene oxide[no description available]low00gas molecular entity;
oxacycle;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent		allergen;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen
methylmethacrylate[no description available]low00enoate ester;
methyl ester		allergen;
polymerisation monomer
phthalic anhydride[no description available]low002-benzofurans;
cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride		allergen
picryl chloride[no description available]low00C-nitro compound;
monochlorobenzenes		allergen;
epitope;
explosive;
hapten
2,6-diisocyanatotoluene[no description available]low00toluene meta-diisocyanateallergen;
hapten
6-methylcoumarin[no description available]low00coumarinsallergen;
fragrance
veratric acid[no description available]low00benzoic acidsallergen;
plant metabolite
2,5-diaminotoluene[no description available]low00diamineallergen
ethylene dimethacrylate[no description available]low00enoate esterallergen;
cross-linking reagent;
polymerisation monomer
benzylamine[no description available]low00aralkylamine;
primary amine		allergen;
EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
4-aminodiphenylamine[no description available]low00aromatic amine;
secondary amino compound		allergen
4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate[no description available]low00diisocyanateallergen;
hapten
n-isopropyl-n-phenyl-4-phenylenediamine[no description available]low00N-substituted diamineallergen;
antioxidant
4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane[no description available]low00aromatic amineallergen;
carcinogenic agent
diphenylguanidine[no description available]low00guanidinesallergen
monobenzone[no description available]low00benzyl etherallergen;
dermatologic drug;
melanin synthesis inhibitor
phenyl isocyanate[no description available]low00benzenes;
isocyanates		allergen;
hapten
phenylisothiocyanate[no description available]low00isothiocyanateallergen;
reagent
4-phenylenediamine[no description available]low00phenylenediamineallergen;
dye;
hapten;
reagent
glyoxal[no description available]low00dialdehydeagrochemical;
allergen;
pesticide;
plant growth regulator
maleic anhydride[no description available]low00cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
furans		allergen
butyl isocyanate[no description available]low00isocyanatesallergen
tetrachlorophthalic anhydride[no description available]low00cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
tetrachlorobenzene		allergen;
cross-linking reagent
framycetin[no description available]low00aminoglycosideallergen;
antibacterial drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite
dimethoxyphenylethylamine[no description available]low00alkaloid;
aromatic ether;
phenylethylamine		allergen;
plant metabolite
dibenzothiazyl disulfide[no description available]low00benzothiazoles;
organic disulfide		allergen
4-sulfanilic acid[no description available]low00aminobenzenesulfonic acidallergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
resorcinol monobenzoate[no description available]low00benzoate esterallergen
ethyl isothiocyanate[no description available]low00isothiocyanateallergen
aminopenicillanic acid[no description available]low00amino acid zwitterion;
penicillanic acids		allergen
trimellitic anhydride[no description available]low002-benzofurans;
cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride;
dioxo monocarboxylic acid		allergen;
epitope;
hapten
anthrarobin[no description available]low00anthracenetriolallergen
toluene 2,4-diisocyanate[no description available]low00toluene meta-diisocyanateallergen;
hapten
methyl isocyanate[no description available]low00isocyanatesallergen;
apoptosis inducer
disperse orange 3[no description available]low00azobenzenes;
primary arylamine		allergen;
dye
1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate[no description available]low00diisocyanateallergen;
hapten
hydroxyethyl methacrylate[no description available]low00enoate esterallergen;
polymerisation monomer
cyclohexylisocyanate[no description available]low00isocyanatesallergen
phenoxyacetic acid[no description available]low00aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid		allergen;
Aspergillus metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant growth retardant
methylene bis(4-cyclohexylisocyanate)[no description available]low00diisocyanateallergen
potassium dichromate[no description available]low00potassium saltallergen;
oxidising agent;
sensitiser
nickel sulfate[no description available]low00metal sulfateallergen
beryllium sulfate[no description available]low00metal sulfateallergen
triforine[no description available]low00amide fungicide;
formamides;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound		allergen;
antifungal agrochemical;
EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor
lamivudine[no description available]low00monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
oxacycle;
primary alcohol		allergen;
anti-HBV agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane[no description available]low00aliphatic nitrile;
organobromine compound		allergen;
sensitiser
squaric acid dibutyl ester[no description available]low00cyclic ketone;
diether		allergen;
immunological adjuvant
4-nitrobenzyl bromide[no description available]low00benzyl bromides;
C-nitro compound		allergen;
sensitiser
n-phenylglycine[no description available]low00non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acidallergen
3-pentadecacatechol[no description available]low00catecholsallergen
4-tolyl isocyanate[no description available]low00isocyanates;
toluenes		allergen;
hapten
bis(diphenylphosphine)ethane[no description available]low00diphosphanes;
tertiary phosphine		allergen
primin[no description available]low001,4-benzoquinonesallergen;
antifeedant;
antimicrobial agent;
hapten;
metabolite
disperse blue 124[no description available]low001,3-thiazoles;
monoazo compound;
tertiary amine		allergen;
dye;
hapten
fluazinam[no description available]low00(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aminopyridine;
C-nitro compound;
chloropyridine;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		allergen;
antifungal agrochemical;
apoptosis inducer;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
dehydroabietic acid[no description available]low00abietane diterpenoid;
carbotricyclic compound;
monocarboxylic acid		allergen;
metabolite
sulfamethoxazole hydroxylamine[no description available]low00isoxazoles;
sulfonamide		allergen;
metabolite
4'-hydroxydiclofenac[no description available]low00dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols;
secondary amino compound		allergen;
drug metabolite
4-nitrososulfamethoxazole[no description available]low00isoxazoles;
nitroso compound;
sulfonamide		allergen;
metabolite
diphenylthiourea[no description available]low00thioureasallergen
pyrimidine-2-thiol[no description available]low00aryl thiol;
pyrimidines		allergen;
corrosion inhibitor
1,3-dibutyl-2-thiourea[no description available]low00thioureasallergen
thiobarbituric acid[no description available]low00barbituratesallergen;
reagent
2-thiopyridine[no description available]low00aryl thiol;
pyridines		allergen;
fluorescence quencher
krn 7000[no description available]low00glycophytoceramide;
N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylphytosphingosine		allergen;
antigen;
antineoplastic agent;
epitope;
immunological adjuvant
cobaltous chloride[no description available]low00cobalt salt;
inorganic chloride		allergen;
calcium channel blocker;
sensitiser;
two-colour indicator
glyceryl monothioglycolate[no description available]low00thioglycolate esterallergen
5-hydroxydiclofenac[no description available]low00dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols;
secondary amino compound		allergen;
drug metabolite
chloramine-t[no description available]low00organic sodium saltallergen;
antifouling biocide;
disinfectant
tylosin[no description available]low00aldehyde;
disaccharide derivative;
enone;
leucomycin;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative		allergen;
bacterial metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
1-(2,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2-butenone[no description available]low00enoneallergen;
fragrance
tixocortol pivalate[no description available]low00corticosteroid;
pivalate ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
thioester		allergen;
anti-allergic agent;
glucocorticoid receptor agonist
6-tuliposide a[no description available]low006-O-acyl-D-glucose;
homoallylic alcohol		allergen;
metabolite
sodium bisulfite[no description available]low00inorganic sodium salt;
sulfite salt		allergen;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
mutagen;
reducing agent
beta-aminoarteether maleate[no description available]low00maleate saltallergen
berberine[no description available]low00alkaloid antibiotic;
berberine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite;
potassium channel blocker
sanguinarine[no description available]low00alkaloid antibiotic;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent
osthol[no description available]low00botanical anti-fungal agent;
coumarins		metabolite
allicin[no description available]low00botanical anti-fungal agent;
sulfoxide		antibacterial agent
santonin[no description available]low00botanical anti-fungal agent;
santonin		plant metabolite
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Abdominal Migraine0medium11
Aberrant Crypt Foci0low10
Absence Seizure0low20
Absence Seizures0low20
Ache0medium21
Acute Confusional Migraine0medium11
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced0medium21
Affective Psychosis, Bipolar0low10
Allergic Contact Dermatitis0medium141
Allergy, Drug0low10
Anasarca0low10
Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction0low10
Anterior Circulation Brain Infarction0low10
Anterior Circulation Infarction, Brain0low10
Anxiety0low10
Arrhythmia0low10
Arrhythmias, Cardiac0low10
Arrythmia0low10
Arthritis, Rheumatoid0medium11
Asthma0medium11
Asthma, Bronchial0medium11
Astrocytosis0medium11
Astrogliosis0medium11
Atonic Absence Seizure0low20
Atonic Absence Seizures0low20
Atonic Seizure0low20
Atonic Seizures0low20
Aura0low10
Autoimmune Disease0low10
Autoimmune Diseases0low10
Awakening Epilepsy0low10
B16 Melanoma0low10
Bipolar Disorder0low10
Bipolar Mood Disorder0low10
Body Weight0low20
Brain Infarct0low10
Brain Infarction0low10
Brain Infarction, Anterior Circulation0low10
Brain Infarction, Posterior Circulation0low10
Brain Infarction, Venous0low10
Brain Injuries, Traumatic0medium11
Breast Cancer0medium21
Breast Carcinoma0medium21
Breast Neoplasms0medium21
Breast Tumors0medium21
Bronchial Asthma0medium11
Cacosmia0low20
Cancer of Breast0medium21
Cancer of Colon0low10
Cancer of Lung0low10
Cancer of Prostate0low10
Cancer of Skin0low10
Cancer of Stomach0low20
Cancer of the Breast0medium21
Cancer of the Colon0low10
Cancer of the Lung0low10
Cancer of the Prostate0low10
Cancer of the Skin0low10
Cancer of the Stomach0low20
Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning0low10
Carcinogenesis0low20
Carcinoma0low10
Carcinoma, Anaplastic0low10
Carcinoma, Spindle-Cell0low10
Carcinoma, Undifferentiated0low10
Carcinomatosis0low10
Cardiac Arrhythmia0low10
Cardiac Arrhythmias0low10
Cardiac Dysrhythmia0low10
CCl4 Poisoning0low10
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic0low10
Cervical Migraine Syndrome0medium11
Cheilitis0low40
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury0medium21
Chemically-Induced Liver Toxicity0medium21
Cirrhoses, Experimental Liver0medium11
Cirrhosis, Experimental Liver0medium11
Clonic Seizure0low20
Clonic Seizures0low20
Cognitive Decline0medium11
Cognitive Dysfunction0medium11
Cognitive Impairments0medium11
Colitis Gravis0medium21
Colitis, Ulcerative0medium21
Colon Cancer0low10
Colon Neoplasms0low10
Colonic Cancer0low10
Colonic Neoplasms0low10
Complex Partial Seizure0low20
Complex Partial Seizures0low20
Condition, Preneoplastic0low10
Conditions, Preneoplastic0low10
Contact Dermatitis0low10
Convulsion0low20
Convulsion, Non-Epileptic0low20
Convulsions0low20
Convulsive Seizure0low20
Convulsive Seizures0low20
Cystic Echinococcosis0low10
Cysts, Hydatid0low10
Death, Sudden0medium11
Dent Disease0medium11
Dent's Disease0medium11
Dents Disease0medium11
Depression, Bipolar0low10
Dermatitis Venenata0low10
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact0medium141
Dermatitis, Allergic Eczematous0medium141
Dermatitis, Contact0low10
Dermatitis, Contact, Allergic0medium141
Dermatitis, Contact, Phototoxic0low10
Dermatitis, Eczematous0low10
Dermatitis, Irritant0medium11
Dermatitis, Occupational0low10
Dermatitis, Phototoxic0low10
Dermatitis, Primary Irritant0medium11
Dermatosis, Industrial0low10
Diathesis0low10
Disease Exacerbation0medium11
Disease Models, Animal0medium82
Disease Progression0medium11
Disease Resistance0medium11
Disease Susceptibility0low10
Dropsy0low10
Drug Allergy0low10
Drug Hypersensitivity0low10
Drug-Induced Acute Liver Injury0medium21
Drug-Induced Liver Disease0medium21
Drug-Induced Liver Injury0medium21
Dysosmia0low20
Echinococcosis0low10
Echinococcus Granulosus Infection0low10
Echinococcus Infection0low10
Eczema0low10
Eczema, Contact0low10
Edema0low10
Encephalitis, Polio0low10
Encephalopathy, Traumatic0medium11
Epidemic Acute Poliomyelitis0low10
Epilepsy0low10
Epilepsy, Cryptogenic0low10
Epileptic Seizure0low20
Epileptic Seizures0low20
Epithelial Neoplasms, Malignant0low10
Epithelial Tumors, Malignant0low10
Epithelioma0low10
Esophageal and Gastric Varices0medium11
Esophageal Varices0medium11
Esophageal Varix0medium11
Experimental Liver Cirrhoses0medium11
Experimental Liver Cirrhosis0medium11
Experimental Melanoma0low10
Experimental Melanomas0low10
Facial Dermatoses0low10
Facial Dermatosis0low10
Fatty Liver0low20
Favre-Racouchot Syndrome0low10
Fibrosarcoma0low10
Gastric Cancer0low20
Gastric Cancer, Familial Diffuse0low20
Gastric Neoplasms0low20
Gastric Varices0medium11
Gastric Varix0medium11
Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage0medium11
Generalized Absence Seizure0low20
Generalized Absence Seizures0low20
Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures0low20
Glial Scar0medium11
Gliosis0medium11
Haemonchiasis0low20
Harding Passey Melanoma0low10
Headache, Migraine0medium11
Hematochezia0medium11
Hemicrania Migraine0medium11
Hemisensory Neglect0low10
Hemispatial Neglect0low10
Hemorrhage, Gastrointestinal0medium11
Hepatic Cirrhosis, Experimental0medium11
Hepatitis, Drug-Induced0medium21
Hepatitis, Toxic0medium21
Hives0low10
Human Mammary Carcinoma0medium21
Hydatid Cyst0low10
Hydatid Disease0low10
Hydatidosis0low10
Hydrops0low10
Hypermelanosis0low10
Hyperpigmentation0low10
Hypersensitivity, Contact0low10
Hypersensitivity, Drug0low10
Idiopathic Proctocolitis0medium21
Inadequate Sleep0low10
Industrial Dermatosis0low10
Infant, Small for Gestational Age0medium11
Infantile Paralysis0low10
Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Circulation0low10
Infarction, Anterior Circulation, Brain0low10
Infarction, Brain, Anterior Circulation0low10
Infarction, Brain, Posterior Circulation0low10
Infarction, Posterior Circulation, Brain0low10
Infections, Vibrio0low10
Inflammation0low40
Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Ulcerative Colitis Type0medium21
Injury, Brain, Traumatic0medium11
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion0low10
Injury, Reperfusion0low10
Innate Inflammatory Response0low40
Insufficient Sleep0low10
Insufficient Sleep Syndrome0low10
Insulin Resistance0low10
Insulin Sensitivity0low10
Irritant Dermatitis0medium11
Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury0low10
Jacksonian Seizure0low20
Lichen Planus, Oral0low30
Liver Cirrhoses, Experimental0medium11
Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental0medium11
Liver Injury, Drug-Induced0medium21
Liver Injury, Drug-Induced, Acute0medium21
Liver Steatosis0low20
Local Neoplasm Recurrence0medium11
Local Neoplasm Recurrences0medium11
Locoregional Neoplasm Recurrence0medium11
Lung Cancer0low10
Lung Neoplasms0low10
Malignant Epithelial Neoplasms0low10
Malignant Melanoma0low20
Malignant Neoplasm of Breast0medium21
Malignant Tumor of Breast0medium21
Mammary Cancer0medium21
Mammary Carcinoma, Human0medium21
Mammary Neoplasm, Human0medium21
Mammary Neoplasms, Human0medium21
Manic Depression0low10
Manic Disorder0low10
Manic-Depressive Psychosis0low10
Melanoma0low20
Melanoma, B160low10
Melanoma, Cloudman S910low10
Melanoma, Experimental0low10
Melanoma, Harding-Passey0low10
Melanomas, Experimental0low10
Mental Deterioration0medium11
Migraine0medium11
Migraine Disorders0medium11
Migraine Headache0medium11
Migraine Variant0medium11
Mild Cognitive Impairment0medium11
Mild Neurocognitive Disorder0medium11
Mouth Diseases0low10
Muscle Relaxation0low10
Muscle Spasm0low10
Muscular Spasm0low10
Myoclonic Seizure0low20
Myoclonic Seizures0low20
Neoplasm Recurrence, Local0medium11
Neoplasm Recurrence, Locoregional0medium11
Neoplasm Recurrences, Local0medium11
Neoplasms, Breast0medium21
Neoplasms, Colonic0low10
Neoplasms, Gastric0low20
Neoplasms, Lung0low10
Neoplasms, Malignant Epithelial0low10
Neoplasms, Prostate0low10
Neoplasms, Prostatic0low10
Neoplasms, Pulmonary0low10
Neoplasms, Skin0low10
Neoplasms, Stomach0low20
Neoplastic Cell Transformation0low10
Neoplastic Transformation, Cell0low10
Neuroblastoma0low10
Nodular Elastoidosis0low10
Nodular Elastosis0low10
Non-Epileptic Seizure0low20
Non-Epileptic Seizures0low20
Nonepileptic Seizure0low20
Nonepileptic Seizures0low20
Obesity0low10
Occupational Dermatitis0low10
Olfaction Disorders0low20
Olfactory Impairment0low20
Oncogenesis0low20
Ovine Diseases0low10
Pain0medium21
Pain, Burning0medium21
Pain, Crushing0medium21
Pain, Migratory0medium21
Pain, Radiating0medium21
Pain, Splitting0medium21
Paraosmia0low20
Partial Seizure0low20
Partial Seizures0low20
Perceptual Disorders0low10
Petit Mal Convulsion0low20
Phototoxic Contact Dermatitis0low10
Phototoxic Dermatitis0low10
Phototoxicity0low10
Poisoning, Carbon Tetrachloride0low10
Poisoning, CCl40low10
Polio0low10
Polio Encephalitis0low10
Poliomyelitis0low10
Poliomyelitis Infection0low10
Poliomyelitis, Acute0low10
Poliomyelitis, Nonpoliovirus0low10
Poliomyelitis, Preparalytic0low10
Posterior Circulation Brain Infarction0low10
Posterior Circulation Infarction, Brain0low10
Precancerous Conditions0low10
Pregnancy0medium21
Preneoplastic Condition0low10
Preneoplastic Conditions0low10
Prostate Cancer0low10
Prostate Neoplasms0low10
Prostatic Cancer0low10
Prostatic Neoplasms0low10
Psychoses, Manic-Depressive0low10
Psychosis, Manic-Depressive0low10
Pulmonary Cancer0low10
Pulmonary Neoplasms0low10
Recrudescence0medium11
Recurrence0medium11
Recurrence, Local Neoplasm0medium11
Recurrence, Locoregional Neoplasm0medium11
Recurrences, Local Neoplasm0medium11
Relapse0medium11
REM Sleep Deprivation0low10
Reperfusion Damage0low10
Reperfusion Injury0low10
Resistance, Disease0medium11
Respiratory Tract Diseases0low10
Rheumatoid Arthritis0medium11
Seizure0low20
Seizure Disorder0low10
Seizures0low20
Seizures, Auditory0low20
Seizures, Clonic0low20
Seizures, Convulsive0low20
Seizures, Epileptic0low20
Seizures, Focal0low20
Seizures, Generalized0low20
Seizures, Gustatory0low20
Seizures, Motor0low20
Seizures, Olfactory0low20
Seizures, Sensory0low20
Seizures, Somatosensory0low20
Seizures, Tonic0low20
Seizures, Tonic-Clonic0low20
Seizures, Vertiginous0low20
Seizures, Vestibular0low20
Seizures, Visual0low20
Sensitivity and Specificity0medium42
Sensitivity, Contact0low10
Sensory Neglect0low10
Sheep Diseases0low10
Sick Headache0medium11
Single Seizure0low20
Skin Cancer0low10
Skin Neoplasms0low10
Sleep Debt0low10
Sleep Deprivation0low10
Sleep Fragmentation0low10
Sleep Insufficiency0low10
Smell Disorders0low20
Smell Dysfunction0low20
Somatosensory Discrimination Disorder0low10
Spasm0low10
Spasm, Ciliary Body0low10
Spasm, Generalized0low10
Status Migrainosus0medium11
Steatohepatitis0low20
Steatosis of Liver0low20
Stomach Cancer0low20
Stomach Neoplasms0low20
Sudden Death0medium11
Suffering, Physical0medium21
Susceptibility, Disease0low10
TBI (Traumatic Brain Injury)0medium11
TBIs (Traumatic Brain Injuries)0medium11
Tonic Clonic Seizure0low20
Tonic Seizure0low20
Tonic Seizures0low20
Tonic-Clonic Seizure0low20
Tonic-Clonic Seizures0low20
Toxic Hepatitis0medium21
Transformation, Neoplastic Cell0low10
Trauma, Brain0medium11
Traumatic Brain Injury0medium11
Traumatic Encephalopathy0medium11
Tumorigenesis0low20
Tumorigenic Transformation0low10
Tumors, Breast0medium21
Ulcerative Colitis0medium21
Urticaria0low10
Venous Infarction, Brain0low10
Vibrio Illness0low10
Vibrio Infections0low10
Vibriosis0low10
Viral Diseases0low10
Viral Infections0low10
Virus Diseases0low10
Virus Infections0low10
Visceral Steatosis0low20
Weight Gain0low20

Research Highlights

Safety/Toxicity (6)

ArticleYear
RIFM fragrance ingredient safety assessment, l-carvone, CAS Registry Number 6485-40-1.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, Volume: 163 Suppl 1		2022
Chemical composition and in vitro cytotoxic, genotoxic effects of essential oil from Urtica dioica L.
Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, Volume: 88, Issue: 5		2012
Mentha longifolia in vitro cultures as safe source of flavouring ingredients.
Acta biochimica Polonica, Volume: 58, Issue: 4		2011
Citral and carvone chemotypes from the essential oils of Colombian Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown: composition, cytotoxicity and antifungal activity.
Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Volume: 104, Issue: 6		2009
Synthesis of ionones and carvone analogues: olfactory properties and preliminary toxicity assays.
European journal of medicinal chemistry, Volume: 35, Issue: 9		2000
Toxicity of selected plant volatiles in microbial and mammalian short-term assays.
Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, Volume: 37, Issue: 8		1999
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Long-term Use (1)

ArticleYear
Olfactory receptor 43 reduces hepatic lipid accumulation and adiposity in mice.
Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids, Volume: 1864, Issue: 4		2019
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Pharmacokinetics (2)

ArticleYear
Development and validation of UHPLC-MS/MS assay for rapid determination of a carvone Schiff base of isoniazid (CSB-INH) in rat plasma: application to pharmacokinetic study.
Biomedical chromatography : BMC, Volume: 29, Issue: 6		2015
Pharmacokinetics of menthol and carvone after administration of an enteric coated formulation containing peppermint oil and caraway oil.
Arzneimittel-Forschung, Volume: 51, Issue: 6		2001
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Bioavailability (5)

ArticleYear
Synthesis of Carvone Derivatives and In Silico and In Vitro Screening of Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Murine Macrophages.
International journal of molecular sciences, Jan-23, Volume: 24, Issue: 3		2023
Coating of betanin and carvone Co-loaded nanoliposomes with synthesized cationic inulin: A strategy for enhancing the stability and bioavailability.
Food chemistry, Mar-30, Volume: 373, Issue: Pt A		2022
Pharmacokinetics of menthol and carvone after administration of an enteric coated formulation containing peppermint oil and caraway oil.
Arzneimittel-Forschung, Volume: 51, Issue: 6		2001
Repeated application of carvone-induced bacteria to enhance biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil.
Applied microbiology and biotechnology, Volume: 50, Issue: 4		1998
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Dosage (3)

ArticleYear
Repellent activity of essential oils and some of their individual constituents against Tribolium castaneum herbst.
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-09, Volume: 59, Issue: 5		2011
Pharmacokinetics of menthol and carvone after administration of an enteric coated formulation containing peppermint oil and caraway oil.
Arzneimittel-Forschung, Volume: 51, Issue: 6		2001
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Interactions (1)

ArticleYear
Comparative analysis of essential oil components in Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae by GC-MS combined with chemometric resolution method.
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, Jan-07, Volume: 46, Issue: 1		2008
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]