| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
histamine
[no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamino compound;
imidazoles | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter |
nickel
Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | metal allergen;
nickel group element atom | epitope;
micronutrient |
azelastine
azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes;
phthalazines;
tertiary amino compound | anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor |
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders. | 7.07 | 1 | 0 | catechols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent |
pd 98059
2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: inhibits MAP kinase kinase (MEK) activity, p42 MAPK and p44 MAPK; structure in first source. 2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)chromen-4-one : A member of the class of monomethoxyflavones that is 3'-methoxyflavone bearing an additional amino substituent at position 2'. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aromatic amine;
monomethoxyflavone | EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
geroprotector |
uridine diphosphate
Uridine Diphosphate: A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate;
uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor |
pyrazolanthrone
pyrazolanthrone: JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) inhibitor; structure in first source. anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazol-6(2H)-one : A member of the class of anthrapyrazoles that is anthra[1,9-cd]pyrazole substituted at position 6 by an oxo group. An inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | anthrapyrazole;
aromatic ketone;
cyclic ketone | antineoplastic agent;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
geroprotector |
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid
Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | arenesulfonic acid;
C-nitro compound | epitope;
explosive;
reagent |
glycyrrhizic acid
glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid. | 2 | 1 | 0 | enone;
glucosiduronic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tricarboxylic acid;
triterpenoid saponin | EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
plant metabolite |
cobaltous nitrate
cobaltous nitrate: RN given refers to Co(+2) salt. cobalt dinitrate : A cobalt salt in which the cobalt metal is in the +2 oxidation state and the counter-anion is nitrate. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | cobalt salt;
inorganic nitrate salt | |
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester | antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator |
nickel sulfide
nickel sulfide: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Ni-S; see also nickel subsulfide: 12035-72-2 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | | |
ng-nitroarginine methyl ester
NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester: A non-selective inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase. It has been used experimentally to induce hypertension. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester;
L-arginine derivative;
methyl ester;
N-nitro compound | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor |
panaxadiol
panaxadiol: a protopanaxadiol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis; RN refers to (3 beta,12 beta,20R)-isomer | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | |
panaxatriol
panaxatriol: a protopanaxatriol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | |
glycidyl nitrate
glycidyl nitrate: a nitric oxide donor; structure in first source. peptidoglycan : A peptidoglycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} residues. Attached to the carboxy group of the muramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | | |
cobalt
Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | cobalt group element atom;
metal allergen | micronutrient |
p-methoxy-n-methylphenethylamine
p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine: A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.. N,O-dimethyltyramine : A secondary amino compound that is tyramine in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a methyl group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound | metabolite |
ginsenoside rh2
ginsenoside Rh2: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 3 | 4 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite |
ginsenoside re
[no description available] | 8.53 | 8 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
nephroprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite |
ginsenoside rf
ginsenoside Rf: from ginseng. ginsenoside Rf : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite |
ginsenoside rg1
[no description available] | 3.91 | 12 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | neuroprotective agent;
pro-angiogenic agent |
notoginsenoside r1
notoginsenoside R1 : A ginsenoside found in Panax notoginseng that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside and beta-D-glucopyranoside respectively, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
neuroprotective agent;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite |
oxazolone
Oxazolone: Immunologic adjuvant and sensitizing agent. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | | |
ginsenosides
ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives. | 11.63 | 62 | 0 | | |
silybin
[no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
ovalbumin
Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. | 7.82 | 2 | 0 | | |
quercetin
[no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger |
dinoprostone
prostaglandin E2 : Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | prostaglandins E | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
oxytocic |
vinorelbine
[no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly;
vinca alkaloid | antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent |
casein kinase ii
Casein Kinase II: A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression. | 7.6 | 1 | 0 | | |
beta-escin
[no description available] | 3.13 | 5 | 0 | | |
ginsenoside rb2
[no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | antiviral agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite |
10-hydroxystearic acid
10-hydroxystearic acid: structure given in first source; see also record for 10(9)-hydroxystearic acid. 10-hydroxyoctadecanoic acid : A hydroxy fatty acid that is octadecanoic acid carrying a hydroxy group at position 10. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | hydroxy fatty acid;
long-chain fatty acid | bacterial xenobiotic metabolite |
ginsenoside f1
ginsenoside F1: from ginseng. ginsenoside F1 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 3.54 | 8 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
6alpha-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | apoptosis inhibitor;
plant metabolite |
ginsenoside m1
ginsenoside M1: structure in first source. ginsenoside C-K : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite |
ginsenoside rb1
[no description available] | 3.15 | 5 | 0 | ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory drug;
anti-obesity agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger |
ginsenoside rg3
ginsenoside Rg3: from Red ginseng; inhibits lung metastasis of tumor cells; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.8 | 3 | 0 | ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite |
protopanaxadiol, (3beta,12beta)-isomer
(20S)-protopanaxadiol : A diastereomer of protopanaxadiol in which the 20-hydroxy substituent has been introduced at the pro-S position. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | protopanaxadiol | |
protopanaxatriol
protopanaxtriol: a cardioprotective agent isolated from Panax notoginseng; structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
6alpha-hydroxy steroid;
sapogenin;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | metabolite |
ginsenoside rk1
ginsenoside Rk1: structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | | |
ginsenoside rd
ginsenoside Rd: RN refers to (3beta,12beta)-isomer. ginsenoside Rd : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to its beta-D-glucopyranoside. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | anti-inflammatory drug;
apoptosis inducer;
immunosuppressive agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
vulnerary |
scopolamine hydrobromide
[no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | | |
ginsenoside rc
[no description available] | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite |
ginsenoside rb3
[no description available] | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | antidepressant;
antioxidant;
cardioprotective agent;
neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
plant metabolite |
phosphatidylcholines
Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
sapogenins
Sapogenins: The aglucon moiety of a saponin molecule. It may be triterpenoid or steroid, usually spirostan, in nature. | 3.85 | 11 | 0 | | |
ginsenoside rg2
ginsenoside Rg2: structure in first source; RN given refers to (6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-isomer. ginsenoside Rg2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 3.44 | 7 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | anticoagulant;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite |
notoginsenoside r2
notoginsenoside R2: from the roots of commercial ginseng | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | |
ginsenoside rh4
ginsenoside Rh4: isolated from Korean red ginseng Panax ginseng; structure in first source | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | triterpenoid saponin | |
interleukin-8
Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
gypenoside XVII
gypenoside XVII : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 20 have been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside and beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside respectively, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | plant metabolite |
(20R)-ginsenoside Rg3
(20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-R positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | antioxidant;
plant metabolite |
transforming growth factor beta
Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | | |
protopanaxadiol
protopanaxadiol: triterpenoid sapogenin of ginsenosides from leaves of Panax ginseng; has antineoplastic activity; acid hydrolysis results in panaxadiol. protopanaxadiol : A tetracyclic triterpenoid sapogenin (isolated from ginseng) that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 positions and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 2.76 | 3 | 0 | | |
protopanaxatriol
protopanaxatriol: triterpenoid sapogenin of ginsenosides from leaves of Panax ginseng; acid hydrolysis leads to panaxatriol. protopanaxatriol : A tetracyclic triterpenoid sapogenin (isolated from ginseng and notoginseng) that is that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position. | 3.45 | 7 | 0 | | |