A nonspecific symptom of hearing disorder characterized by the sensation of buzzing, ringing, clicking, pulsations, and other noises in the ear. Objective tinnitus refers to noises generated from within the ear or adjacent structures that can be heard by other individuals. The term subjective tinnitus is used when the sound is audible only to the affected individual. Tinnitus may occur as a manifestation of COCHLEAR DISEASES; VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE DISEASES; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; and other conditions.
| Excerpt | Reference |
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| "The therapy of tinnitus is difficult." | ( Denk, DM; Ehrenberger, K, 1992) |
| "Tinnitus is a very serious problem in otolaryngology." | ( Kucera, P; Novotný, M, 1990) |
| "Although tinnitus is listed among the rare neurologic side effects of tricyclic antidepressants, little is known about its prevalence, mechanism of development, course, and management." | ( Greden, JF; Grunhaus, L; Tandon, R, 1987) |
| "Tinnitus is the subjective perception of sound that does not exist." | ( Shea, JJ, 1985) |
| "Tinnitus is an otological symptom which is often encountered and is yet difficult to treat." | ( Iwashita, N; Nakazawa, H; Sakata, E, 1984) |
| "Central tinnitus is defined as an abnormal sensation of sound which is perceived by the patient and established by neurotologic diagnosis to be retrocochlear and/or within the central nervous system in location." | ( Seitz, MR; Shulman, A, 1981) |
| "Central tinnitus is used herein either to designate a tinnitus that originates in the central auditory system, or to refer to a component of a peripherally generated tinnitus that is exaggerated by auditory brain mechanisms." | ( Gerken, GM, 1996) |
| "Tinnitus is an extremely prevalent condition that impinges on the lives of sufferers to varying degrees." | ( Davies, WE; Simpson, JJ, 1999) |
| "Tinnitus is associated with a wide variety of disorders in the auditory system." | ( Gjedde, A; Ishizu, K; Johannsen, P; Mirz, F; Ovesen, T; Pedersen, B; Stødkilde-Jørgensen, H, 1999) |
| "Tinnitus is an extremely prevalent condition that currently has no satisfactory clinical treatment." | ( Davies, WE; Gilbert, AM; Simpson, JJ; Weiner, GM, 1999) |
| "Tinnitus is a very frequent symptom among our otologic patients, but most of them would not mention the symptom spontaneously, probably because for 81% it was mild." | ( Araújo, MF; Oliveira, CA; Venosa, A, 1999) |
| "Tinnitus is a debilitating condition from which some 0." | ( Davies, WE; Simpson, JJ, 2000) |
| "Subjective tinnitus is a common and often debilitating disorder that is difficult to study because it is a perceptual state without an objective stimulus correlate." | ( Bauer, CA; Brozoski, TJ, 2001) |
| "The generation of tinnitus is a topic of much scientific enquiry." | ( Baguley, DM, 2002) |
| "Tinnitus is most often initiated by modality specific otopathologic disturbances affecting peripheral and central auditory pathways." | ( Cacace, AT, 2003) |
| "Subjective tinnitus is a phantom sound sensation that does not result from acoustic stimulation and is audible to the affected subject only." | ( Braun, S; Langner, G; Mahlke, C; Oliva, R; Wallhäusser-Franke, E; Wenz, G, 2003) |
| "Tinnitus is an otological symptom that is encountered often, yet its treatment is difficult." | ( Furuya, N; Kojima, Y; Koyama, S; Sakata, E; Sakata, H, 2001) |
| "Tinnitus is a pathological event caused by abnormal stimulation of any point along the acoustic pathway." | ( Barbieri, M; Capobianco, S; Magnan, J; Mora, F; Mora, R; Passali, GC; Salami, A, 2003) |
| "Tinnitus is tolerated by most patients, but in others it is enough of a problem that they seek medical attention." | ( Consiglio, AP; Marzo, S; Stankiewicz, JA, 2004) |
| "Tinnitus is one of the most common and distressing otological symptoms." | ( Bayindir, T; Erdem, T; Kalcioglu, MT; Ozturan, O, 2005) |
| "Tinnitus is an auditory phantom sensation of ringing in the ears that is experienced when no external sound is present." | ( Eggermont, JJ, 2005) |
| "Tinnitus is a pathology, which severely impairs the quality of life, and for which no efficient therapy exists." | ( Guitton, MJ; Puel, JL, 2007) |
| "Peripheral tinnitus is a good candidate for inclusion under the NO/ONOO cycle etiological mechanism, fitting each of the five principles of this mechanism." | ( Bedient, SA; Pall, ML, 2007) |
| "Classification of tinnitus is oriented to the duration of symptoms and their severity, the latter taking into account the victim's distress both at work and during leisure time." | ( Koester, M; Storck, C; Zorowka, P, 2004) |
| "Tinnitus is a phantom auditory perception, which can be induced via application of concentrated sodium salicylate, and is known to be associated with hearing loss and altered neuronal excitability in peripheral and central auditory neurons." | ( Geisler, HS; Hadjab, S; Knipper, M; Köpschall, I; Oestreicher, E; Panford-Walsh, R; Rohbock, K; Rüttiger, L; Singer, W; Tan, J; Vieljans, A; Zimmermann, U, 2008) |
| "Tinnitus is an auditory percept to which several central structures in the auditory system may contribute." | ( Eggermont, JJ, 2008) |
| "It is unlikely that tinnitus is the expression of a set of independently firing neurons, and more likely that it is the result of a pathologically increased synchrony between sets of neurons." | ( Eggermont, JJ, 2008) |
| "Tinnitus is a common chronic health condition that affects 10% to 20% of the general population." | ( Anteunis, L; Baguley, DM; Cima, R; Joore, M; Maes, I; Refaie, AE; Scheyen, D; Vlaeyen, JW, 2009) |
| "Tinnitus is the percept of sound that is not related to an acoustic source outside the body." | ( de Kleine, E; Lanting, CP; van Dijk, P, 2009) |
| "Tinnitus is a frequent disorder and very difficult to treat." | ( de Azevedo, AA; de Oliveira, PM; Langguth, B; Rodrigues Figueiredo, R, 2009) |
| "Tinnitus is a non-observable phantom sensation." | ( Doi, K; Horii, A; Inohara, H; Kawashima, T; Kitahara, T; Kizawa, K; Kuramasu, T; Maekawa, C; Nishiike, S, 2010) |
| "Tinnitus is often defined as the perception of sounds or noise in the absence of any external auditory stimuli." | ( Ahmadizadeh, M; Bakaev, V; Beyty, S; Farhadi, M; Ghasemikian, K; Gholami, S; Ghoreyshi, E; Karimian, AR; Madani, S; Mahmoudian, S; Mirzaee, M; Moradkhani, S; Raeisali, G; Saddadi, F; Shamshiri, A, 2010) |
| "Tinnitus is one of the 20 most common reasons why patients aged 45-64 years consult a general practitioner in Germany." | ( Oser, A; Steinhäuser, J, 2010) |
| "Tinnitus is considered an auditory phantom percept analogous to phantom pain." | ( De Ridder, D; Gais, S; Kovacs, S; Menovsky, T; Plazier, M; Sunaert, S; van de Heyning, P; van der Loo, E; Vanneste, S, 2011) |
| "Tinnitus is a phantom auditory sensation experienced by up to 14% of the United States population with a smaller percentage experiencing decreased quality of life." | ( Brozoski, TJ; Caspary, DM; Wang, H, 2011) |
| "Tinnitus is a common symptom that demonstrates a significant comorbidity with anxiety and depression." | ( Baguley, DM; Dewit, O; Fina, P; Inamdar, A; Kitchiner, P; Koch, A; McFerran, DJ; Merlo-Pich, E; Roberts, C, 2011) |
| "Pharmacotherapy for tinnitus is still in emerging stages due to time consuming clinical trials and/or animal experiments." | ( Gopal, K; Gross, GW; Lukas, TJ; Moore, EJ; Wu, C, 2011) |
| "Tinnitus is the perception of sound or noise in the absence of an external or internal acoustic stimulation." | ( Hoekstra, CE; Rovers, MM; Rynja, SP; van Zanten, GA, 2011) |
| "Subjective tinnitus is a chronic neurological disorder in which phantom sounds are perceived." | ( Darlington, CL; McNamara, E; Smith, PF; Vagal, S; Zheng, Y, 2012) |
| "Tinnitus is defined as an intrinsic sound sensation that cannot be attributed to an external sound source." | ( De Ridder, D; Figueiredo, R; Vanneste, S, 2012) |
| "Tinnitus is a heterogeneous disorder with respect to its etiology and phenotype." | ( Hajak, G; Kreuzer, PM; Landgrebe, M; Langguth, B; Lehner, A; Poeppl, TB; Schecklmann, M, 2012) |
| "Temporary tinnitus is a common consequence of noise exposure, and may share important mechanisms with chronic tinnitus." | ( Norman, M; Tomscha, K; Wehr, M, 2012) |
| "Tinnitus is a perceived sensation of sound without actual acoustic stimulation." | ( Azevedo, A; De Ridder, D; Vanneste, S, 2013) |
| "Tinnitus is defined as a perception of sound in the absence of an external acoustic stimulus." | ( Dudarewicz, A; Kotyło, P; Pawełczyk, M; Rajkowska, E; Śliwińska-Kowalska, M; Van Camp, G, 2012) |
| "Tinnitus is the phantom perception of sounds occurring in the absence of an external auditory stimulus." | ( Hammonds, MD; Musiek, FE; Sahley, TL, 2013) |
| "Tinnitus is a frequent condition without consistently effective remediation." | ( Al Anbar, N; Dardennes, R; Rouillon, F, 2013) |
| "Tinnitus is a bothersome phantom sound percept and its neural correlates are not yet disentangled." | ( de Kleine, E; Geven, LI; van Dijk, P; Willemsen, AT, 2014) |
| "Subjective tinnitus is a chronic neurological disorder in which phantom sounds are perceived." | ( McPherson, K; Smith, PF; Zheng, Y, 2014) |
| "Noise-induced tinnitus is often perceived after loud music exposure and provides an important marker for overexposure as a temporary threshold shift that is often not experienced by the individual itself." | ( Gilles, A; Ihtijarevic, B; Van de Heyning, P; Wouters, K, 2014) |
| "Somatic tinnitus is a common disorder, yet few treatments described in the literature have demonstrated strong efficacy." | ( McCormick, ZL; Walega, DR, 2015) |
| "Tinnitus is the perception of sound in the absence of an apparent acoustic stimulus." | ( Agnese, A; Cavallero, A; Delehaye, E; Ferrari, G; Rocchetti, O; Rossi, W; Tombolini, A, 2015) |
| "Tinnitus is the perception of phantom sounds, a phenomenon believed to be due to abnormal neuronal activity in auditory regions of the CNS such as the brainstem cochlear nucleus (CN)." | ( Dixon, S; MacPherson, K; McPherson, K; Smith, PF; Zheng, Y, 2015) |
| "Some forms of tinnitus are believed to arise from abnormal central nervous system activity following a single or repeated noise exposure, for which there are no widely accepted pharmacological treatments." | ( Blair, C; Le Prell, C; Lobarinas, E; Spankovich, C, 2015) |
| "Hearing loss and tinnitus are global public health concerns." | ( Han, KD; Joo, YH; Park, KH, 2015) |
| "Tinnitus is one of the leading disorders of hearing with no effective cure as its pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear." | ( Chiu, T; Lansky, P; Pokora, O; Poon, PW; Wan, I, 2015) |
| "Chronic tinnitus is a persistent subjective sound sensation, emergent typically after hearing loss." | ( Bauer, CA; Brozoski, TJ, 2016) |
| "Tinnitus is a perception of sound that can occur in the absence of an external stimulus." | ( Hall, DA; Hoare, DJ; McNamara, AJ; Pierzycki, RH, 2016) |
| "Tinnitus is associated with neural hyperactivity in the central nervous system (CNS)." | ( Chen, D; Chen, J; Hu, S; Huang, Z; Jiao, F; Lv, J; Ma, Y; Mei, L; Wang, X; Wu, H; Yi, B; Zuo, C, 2016) |
| "Tinnitus is an annoying problem and until now there is no consensus on its treatment." | ( El-Sherif, H; El-Tahan, AR; Elzayat, S; Gabr, T; Hegazy, H, 2016) |
| "Tinnitus is a devastating auditory disorder impacting a growing number of people each year." | ( Kapolowicz, MR; Thompson, LT, 2016) |
| "Animals with tinnitus are revealed by their tendency to drink in the presence of unreinforced probe sounds that share the perceptual features of the tinnitus classification." | ( Jones, A; May, BJ, 2017) |
| "Tinnitus is the perception of sound without external acoustic stimuli." | ( da Silva, EM; Person, OC; Puga, ME; Torloni, MR, 2016) |
| "Drug treatments for tinnitus are generally ineffective, and the mechanisms of tinnitus are still undetermined." | ( Du, Y; Duan, Q; Jiang, Q; Liu, J; Ma, F; Mao, L, 2017) |
| "Subjective tinnitus is a hearing disorder in which a person perceives sound when no external sound is present." | ( Bao, J; Howie, B; Lei, D; Mulvany, J; Sivaramakrishnan, S; Zuo, H, 2017) |
| "Salicylate-induced tinnitus is associated with changes related to central auditory neuroplasticity." | ( Han, K; Huang, Z; Li, B; Mei, L; Sheng, H; Shi, R; Wang, X; Wu, C; Wu, H; Yi, B, 2018) |
| "Tinnitus is recognized as a refractory disease, which is common in clinic, and always treated from the liver and kidney." | ( Chen, Y; Liu, T, 2017) |
| "Tinnitus is a common complaint among patients with ear diseases and can be serious if not treated." | ( Mohd Normani, Z; Nik Adilah, NO; Wan Suhailah, WH, 2018) |
| "Tinnitus is thought to be caused by damage to the auditory and nonauditory system due to exposure to loud noise, aging, or other etiologies." | ( Ding, S; Huma, T; Li, H; Niu, H; Ren, C; Wei, J; Wu, X; Zhang, Q, 2018) |
| "The term tinnitus is derived from the Latin word tinnire, meaning to ring." | ( Kumar, S; Ravichandran, A; Shaurya, C, 2018) |
| "Tinnitus is relevant to neural hyperactivity in the central nervous system (CNS)." | ( Bao, W; Huang, Z; Qian, M; Wang, Q; Wu, C; Wu, X; Yi, B; Zuo, C, 2019) |
| "Tinnitus is a hearing disorder characterized by the perception of sound without external acoustic stimuli, which is caused by damage to the auditory system in response to excessive levels of noise, ototoxic agents and aging." | ( Ghaznavi, H; Hosseinzadeh, A; Kamali, M; Kamrava, SK; Mehrzadi, S; Moore, BCJ; Reiter, RJ, 2019) |
| "Tinnitus is a common and multifactorial condition that requires careful medical assessment and management." | ( Hofmeister, M, 2019) |
| "Purpose Tinnitus is a chronic medical condition that can result in distress, concentration difficulties, and clinical depression." | ( Jackson, JG, 2019) |
| "Tinnitus is defined as the perception of sound that results completely from activity within the nervous system without any corresponding mechanical, vibratory activity within the cochlea, and not related to external stimulation of any kind." | ( Dadoo, S; Sharma, R; Sharma, V, 2019) |
| "Tinnitus is the perception of sound when no external sound source is present." | ( Aydin, N; Searchfield, GD, 2019) |
| "Tinnitus is a common and distressing otologic symptom, with various probable pathophysiologic mechanisms, such as an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms." | ( Asghari, A; Daneshi, A; Farhadi, M; Mahmoudian, S; Mirsalehi, M; Salem, MM, 2020) |
| "Tinnitus is a common auditory disease worldwide; it is estimated that more than 10% of all individuals experience this hearing disorder during their lifetime." | ( Gong, SS; He, L; Liu, K; Peng, Z; Qu, TF; Song, QL; Yu, S; Zhang, W, 2020) |
| "Subjective tinnitus is a frequent, debilitating hearing disorder causing severe emotional stress and psychological suffering." | ( Pupić-Bakrač, A; Pupić-Bakrač, J, 2020) |
| "Tinnitus is defined as the perception of noise without an external acoustic stimulus." | ( Biesinger, E; Hintschich, C; Kreuzer, PM; Langguth, B; Schlee, W; Simoes, J; Strohmeyer, L; Vielsmeier, V, 2021) |
| "Tinnitus is a symptom and not a disease in its own right." | ( Akeroyd, MA; Biswas, R; Cederroth, CR; Gallus, S; Garavello, W; Genitsaridi, E; Hall, DA; Liu, X; Lugo, A; Schlee, W; Trpchevska, N, 2021) |
| "Tinnitus is deemed as the result of abnormal neural activities in the brain, and Homer proteins are expressed in the brain that convey nociception." | ( Deng, K; Liang, H; Ma, X; Yan, W; Yu, B; Zhao, S; Zhu, H, 2021) |
| "Tinnitus is a frequent complaint in otorhinolaryngology." | ( Gc, NCF; Jr, FB; M, SB; Vc, VG, 2022) |
| "Tinnitus is a common and, in many cases, chronic condition." | ( Fludra, M; Gos, E; Kobosko, J; Paluchowska, J; Skarżyński, H, 2022) |
| "Tinnitus is a highly prevalent and disabling disorder in which sound is perceived in the absence of an external auditory energy source." | ( Cerne, R; Cook, JM; Lippa, A; Smith, JL; Witkin, JM, 2022) |
| "Tinnitus is a common auditory complaint among individuals characterized by ringing, buzzing, hissing, chirping, whistling, or other sounds in the ear." | ( Alshehri, S; Musleh, A; Qobty, A, 2022) |
| "Tinnitus is associated with anxiety but not depression among army personnel." | ( A, A; H, ND; Ismail, A; Sharip, S; Thomas, R; Torng, LS, 2022) |
| "Tinnitus is a common symptom with multiple causes and treatment options." | ( Best, N; Brugger, S; Bülow, M; Derlien, S; Lemhöfer, C; Loudovici-Krug, D, 2023) |
| "Tinnitus is a widespread and serious clinical and social problem." | ( Ji, W; Li, L; Mao, L; Wang, D; Wei, H; Yu, P, 2023) |
| "Tinnitus is a highly prevalent hearing disorder, and the burden of tinnitus diagnosis and treatment is very heavy, especially in China." | ( Gu, D; Li, H; Sun, S; Tang, D; Wang, H; Ye, L, 2023) |
| "Tinnitus is a phantom sound perception affecting both auditory and limbic structures." | ( Cederroth, CR; Ciralli, B; Leao, KE; Lima, TZ; Malfatti, T; Silva, SRB, 2023) |
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| "Of the fifteen patients treated, the tinnitus symptom completely disappeared in nine, and did not return during a one-year observation period." | ( Caro, AZ, 1975) |
| "Recent research on the pharmacologic treatment of tinnitus is reviewed, emphasizing studies in which controls have been used." | ( Harker, LA; Murai, K; Stouffer, JL; Tyler, RS, 1992) |
| "No favourable effect of zinc treatment on tinnitus could be demonstrated." | ( Kjems, G; Paaske, PB; Pedersen, CB; Sam, IL, 1990) |
| "Clinical evaluation in the treatment of tinnitus (1) Of the 100 patients, more than 70% were well responded." | ( Tatemoto, K, 1990) |
| "Those who requested treatment for tinnitus were treated medically." | ( Araújo, MF; Oliveira, CA; Venosa, A, 1999) |
| "Intratympanic treatment of tinnitus with corticosteroids or gentamicin should be considered as an option of treatment in selected tinnitus patients, alone or in combination with standard modalities of management such as tinnitus retraining therapy, masking, and hearing aid amplification." | ( Dodson, KM; Sismanis, A, 2004) |
| "Completion of treatment, tinnitus loudness matching assessment showed that the efficacy of the Betahistine mesilate group was better then the control group." | ( Lü, JQ; Ma, FR; Xin, Y; Zhao, YM, 2006) |
| "Completion of treatment, tinnitus loudness matching assessment showed that the efficacy of the carbamazepine group was similar to that of the control group." | ( Kong, X; Li, N; Ma, F; Xin, Y; Zhao, Y, 2008) |
| "Melatonin has been proposed as a treatment for tinnitus, especially on the basis of its favourable effects on sleep and its vasoactive and antioxidant properties." | ( Ferri, GG; Pirodda, A; Raimondi, MC, 2010) |
| "Further development of rTMS as a treatment for tinnitus will depend on a more detailed understanding of both the neuronal correlates of the different forms of tinnitus and of the neurobiological effects mediating the benefit of TMS on tinnitus perception." | ( de Ridder, D; Hajak, G; Kleinjung, T; Landgrebe, M; Langguth, B, 2010) |
| "The paroxetine may be effective in treating distressed tinnitus patients with depression and anxiety by reducing their tinnitus severity as well as their depression and anxiety." | ( Goto, F; Ogawa, K; Tsutsumi, T, 2012) |
| "We hypothesize that in NaSal-treated rats, tinnitus can "internally" mask the ABR in a similar way as an external background sound does and the "unmasking" effect of forward masking can result in a rebound of the otherwise suppressed ABR." | ( Chen, L; Liu, XP, 2012) |
| "Clonazepam is effective in treating tinnitus; G biloba is ineffective." | ( Choi, HK; Chun, W; Han, SS; Lee, KU; Levine, RA; Nam, EC; Won, JY, 2012) |
| "Antidepressant drugs have been used to treat tinnitus in patients with and without depressive symptoms." | ( Baldo, P; Cecco, S; Doree, C; McFerran, D; Molin, P, 2012) |
| "Zinc is not an effective treatment for tinnitus in this subgroup of patients." | ( Coelho, C; Gantz, B; Hansen, MR; Ji, H; Tyler, R; Witt, SA, 2013) |
| "In contrast, D-AP5-treated-tinnitus animals showed significantly less bilateral parafloccular and dorsal cochlear nucleus activity, as well as significantly less contralateral ventral cochlear nucleus activity." | ( Bauer, CA; Brozoski, TJ; Odintsov, B; Wisner, KW, 2013) |
| "The use of dietary supplements to treat tinnitus is common, particularly with Ginkgo biloba, lipoflavonoids, magnesium, melatonin, vitamin B12, and zinc." | ( Coelho, C; Gantz, BJ; Hansen, MR; Ji, H; Jun, HJ; Rojas-Roncancio, E; Tao, P; Tyler, R; Wang, TC; Witt, S, 2016) |
| "Patients treated for tinnitus occurring immediately after noise exposure comprised the ANT group (n=20) and patients treated for idiopathic tinnitus comprised the AIT group (n=39)." | ( An, YH; Kim, DH; Lee, ES; Shim, HJ, 2017) |
| "Two weeks after treatment, the tinnitus alleviated and vertigo disappeared." | ( Lai, K; Pinto-Sander, N; Richardson, D; Wei, S; Zeng, K, 2018) |
| "Drug treatments for tinnitus are generally ineffective, and the mechanisms of tinnitus are still undetermined." | ( Du, Y; Duan, Q; Jiang, Q; Liu, J; Ma, F; Mao, L, 2017) |
| "To develop a treatment for tinnitus called xenon phototherapy of the stellate ganglion (XPSG) and analyze its effect on tinnitus." | ( Matsumi, F; Matsuzuka, T; Murono, S; Ogawa, H; Shimizu, M, 2018) |