receptor complex

Definition

Target type: cellularcomponent

Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. [GOC:go_curators]

Receptor complexes are intricate cellular structures that play a vital role in mediating communication between cells and their environment. They consist of multiple protein components, each contributing to the complex's overall function. These components include:

1. **Receptors:** These are transmembrane proteins that bind to specific ligands, such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or growth factors. Ligand binding triggers conformational changes in the receptor, initiating downstream signaling pathways.

2. **Signaling proteins:** These proteins relay signals from the receptor to intracellular targets, amplifying and diversifying the cellular response. They can be enzymes, such as kinases or phosphatases, or adaptor proteins that facilitate protein-protein interactions.

3. **Scaffolding proteins:** These proteins act as structural organizers, bringing together different components of the receptor complex and ensuring their proper spatial arrangement. They contribute to the efficiency and specificity of signaling by promoting interactions between specific proteins.

4. **Other proteins:** Depending on the specific receptor complex, other proteins may be involved, such as chaperones, which assist in protein folding and stability, or regulatory proteins, which modulate the activity of the complex.

The composition and organization of receptor complexes vary significantly depending on the specific receptor and its signaling pathway. However, all receptor complexes share the common feature of facilitating signal transduction, allowing cells to respond to external stimuli and regulate a wide range of cellular processes.'
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Proteins (105)

Compounds (2,104)