sorbitan monostearate profile

Sorbitan monostearate is a nonionic surfactant produced by the esterification of sorbitol with stearic acid. It is commonly used as an emulsifier, stabilizer, and thickener in food, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Its synthesis involves reacting sorbitol with stearic acid in the presence of a catalyst. Sorbitan monostearate exhibits various effects depending on its application, including enhancing stability and texture in emulsions, improving the consistency of creams and lotions, and facilitating the absorption of active ingredients. The compound is studied due to its wide range of applications and its potential to improve product performance. Its importance lies in its ability to enhance the stability and functionality of various formulations, promoting desirable properties such as emulsification, thickening, and improved sensory characteristics.'

sorbitan monostearate: Stearic Acid was the HM (74-82), no longer an active MH [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Products

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	14928
SCHEMBL ID	285527
MeSH ID	M0053882

Synonym
sorbitan, monooctadecanoate
sorbitan monostearate
glycomul s
1338-41-6
SCHEMBL285527

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Sorbitan monostearate is a surfactant used in the food industry. "	( An Industrial Procedure for Pharmacodynamic Improvement of Metformin HCl via Granulation with Its Paracellular Pathway Enhancer Using Factorial Experimental Design. Al-Shoubki, AA; Donia, AA; Mady, OY, 2021)	2.06

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Histopathology of the skin after application of developed NSD showed non-significant changes in skin anatomy indicating its safe nature."	( Collagen loaded nano-sized surfactant based dispersion for topical application: formulation development, characterization and safety study. Ahmad, FJ; Ahmad, I; Ahmad, MZ; Akhter, S; Khar, RK; Rizvi, MA; Shamim, M, 2014)	0.4

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"We studied the main pharmacokinetic parameters of ofloxacin when used free and niosomal forms of antibiotic to experimental white mice per os."	( [Comparative study of pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in a free and niosomal forms in experiments on white mice when administered per os]. Kovalev, DA; Kulichenko, AN; Liapustina, LV; Mikhaĭlova, ME; Pisarenko, SV; Siritsa, IuV, 2014)	0.4
" As a pharmacodynamic marker, blood glucose levels were measured in diabetic rats."	( An Industrial Procedure for Pharmacodynamic Improvement of Metformin HCl via Granulation with Its Paracellular Pathway Enhancer Using Factorial Experimental Design. Al-Shoubki, AA; Donia, AA; Mady, OY, 2021)	0.62
"Improving the drug permeation and consequently, the drug pharmacodynamic effect in addition to an excellent micromeritics property of the prepared drug granules showed the dual enhancement effect of the suggested industrial procedure."	( An Industrial Procedure for Pharmacodynamic Improvement of Metformin HCl via Granulation with Its Paracellular Pathway Enhancer Using Factorial Experimental Design. Al-Shoubki, AA; Donia, AA; Mady, OY, 2021)	0.62

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Therefore in the present study, we hypothesized that bergamot oil, a psoralen-containing oil, would produce an optimized melanogenic effect in the clinical treatment of vitiligo when loaded within an elastic nanocarrier (spanlastics) and combined with PUVB for activation of psoralens."	( Novel bergamot oil nanospanlastics combined with PUVB therapy as a clinically translatable approach for vitiligo treatment. Fadel, M; Nasr, M; Sammour, O; Shaaban, M; Tawfik, AA, 2019)	0.51

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Niosomes have been reported as a possible approach to improve the low corneal penetration and bioavailability characteristics shown by conventional ophthalmic vehicles."	( Preparation and evaluation of reverse-phase evaporation and multilamellar niosomes as ophthalmic carriers of acetazolamide. Guinedi, AS; Hathout, RM; Mansour, S; Mortada, ND, 2005)	0.33
" The in vivo study revealed that the niosomal dispersion significantly improved the oral bioavailability of acyclovir in rabbits after a single oral dose of 40 mg kg(-1)."	( Influence of a niosomal formulation on the oral bioavailability of acyclovir in rabbits. Attia, IA; Donia, AM; El-Gizawy, SA; Fouda, MA, 2007)	0.34
"The objectives of this research were to prepare celecoxib proniosomes and evaluate the influence of proniosomal formulation on the oral bioavailability of the drug in human volunteers."	( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of proniosomes containing celecoxib for oral administration. Nasr, M, 2010)	0.36
" It is determined that bioavailability of ofloxacin in the niosomal form is 154% relative to the free form of the antibiotic."	( [Comparative study of pharmacokinetics of ofloxacin in a free and niosomal forms in experiments on white mice when administered per os]. Kovalev, DA; Kulichenko, AN; Liapustina, LV; Mikhaĭlova, ME; Pisarenko, SV; Siritsa, IuV, 2014)	0.4
" Niosomes were utilized to allow for prolonged release of the drug, whereas the films were used to increase the drug's bioavailability via the sublingual route."	( Sublingual fast dissolving niosomal films for enhanced bioavailability and prolonged effect of metoprolol tartrate. Allam, A; Fetih, G, 2016)	0.43
" This arises the need for bioavailability enhancement and is achieved in the present case using niosomes as carrier system."	( Bioavailability Enhancement of Polymyxin B With Novel Drug Delivery: Development and Optimization Using Quality-by-Design Approach. Bhatt, N; Chauhan, MK, 2019)	0.51
" Crystalline CoQ10 is lipophilic, water-insoluble, and poorly absorbed in the gut."	( High-dose coenzyme Q10-loaded oleogels for oral therapeutic supplementation. Lucangioli, S; Martinefski, MR; Masotta, NE; Rojas, AM; Tripodi, VP, 2019)	0.51
"The present study was focused on investigating niosomal gels loaded with cholinergic drug; pilocarpine HCl, for prolonged precorneal residence time and improved bioavailability for glaucoma treatment."	( Formulation and investigation of pilocarpine hydrochloride niosomal gels for the treatment of glaucoma: intraocular pressure measurement in white albino rabbits. Jain, N; Verma, A, 2020)	0.56
"Food-grade proniosomes are a good vehicle for fortification of milk and yogurt without noticeable adverse changes in their organoleptic and physicochemical properties, thus increasing the potential for bioavailability of catechins in the gastrointestinal tract."	( Formulation and characterization of catechin-loaded proniosomes for food fortification. Laxmana Naik, N; Magdaline Eljeeva Emerald, F; Pushpadass, HA; Shruthi, PA; Surendra Nath, B, 2021)	0.62
" The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of surfactant composition and surface charge of niosomes in enhancing oral bioavailability of repaglinide (REG) as a BCS II model drug."	( The Impact of Surfactant Composition and Surface Charge of Niosomes on the Oral Absorption of Repaglinide as a BCS II Model Drug. Bolourchian, N; Dadashzadeh, S; Haeri, A; Shahhosseni, S; Yaghoobian, M, 2020)	0.56
" The developed nanoplatforms hence can be further used to formulate other drugs that suffer from low bioavailability due to extensive first-pass metabolism."	( Simultaneous Optimization of Oral and Transdermal Nanovesicles for Bioavailability Enhancement of Ivabradine Hydrochloride. Elsayed, I; Naguib, MJ; Teaima, MH, 2021)	0.62

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" An in vivo dose-response curve was calculated from audio Doppler signals obtained with a 10-MHz cuff transducer placed around the distal aorta."	( Quantitative acoustic characterization of a new surfactant-based ultrasound contrast agent. Forsberg, F; Makin, IR; Wang, W; Wheatley, MA; Wu, Y, 1997)	0.3
" Therefore, an oral colonic targeted heparin dosage form allowing the release of LMWH directly in the inflamed tissue would be of major interest."	( Low molecular weight heparin loaded pH-sensitive microparticles. Ghazouani, FE; Lamprecht, A; Maincent, P; Meissner, Y; Ubrich, N, 2007)	0.34
" There was a decrease in the skin permeability coefficient of the drug by nanoencapsulation, independently of the dosage form."	( Improved photostability and reduced skin permeation of tretinoin: development of a semisolid nanomedicine. Beck, RC; de Bona da Silva, C; Guterres, SS; Kostka, KH; Lehr, CM; Melero, A; Ourique, AF; Pohlmann, AR; Schaefer, UF, 2011)	0.37

Product Category	Products
Boissons, Boissons alcoolisées, Boissons distillés, Alcools forts, Eaux-de-vie, Whiskys	1
Other	215
Alimentos y bebidas de origen vegetal, Alimentos de origen vegetal, Botanas, Snacks salados, Snacks dulces, Aperitivos, Dulces, Frutos de cáscara y derivados, Dulces de frutos de cáscara, Almendras garrapiñadas	1
Boissons	1
Botanas, Snacks dulces, Galletas y pasteles, Bolleria	1
Wasser	1
Poissons et viandes et oeufs, Foies gras, Foies gras de canard, Bloc de foie gras	1
Getränke, Alkoholische Getränke, Weine	1
Boissons, Boissons alcoolisées, Vins, Vins français, Chinon	1
bonbons	1
Beverages, Carbonated drinks, Sodas	1
Viandes et dérivés, Viandes, Porc et dérivés, Porc, Côtes de porc	1
en:chicken-thighs	2
Dairies, Fermented foods, Fermented milk products, Cheeses	1
Viandes et dérivés, Viandes, Volailles, Canards, Filets de canard	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Cereals and potatoes, Seeds, Cereals and their products, Cereal grains, Flax seeds	1
Dairies, Fermented foods, Desserts, Fermented milk products, Dairy desserts, Fermented dairy desserts, Yogurts	1
en:open-beauty-facts	1
Snacks, Sweet snacks, Biscuits and cakes, Biscuits	1
Beverages, Alcoholic beverages, Wines	1
Beverages, Waters	1
Condiments, Sauces, Groceries	2
Meats and their products, Frozen foods, Meats, Frozen meats	1
Viandes et dérivés, Viandes, Volailles, Canards, Magrets de canard	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Aliments à base de fruits et de légumes, Fruits et produits dérivés, Fruits, Fruits tropicaux, Mangues	1
Petit-déjeuners, Produits à tartiner, Produits à tartiner sucrés, Produits de la ruche, Produits d'élevages, Édulcorants, Miels	2
Desayunos, Untables, Untables dulces, Productos apícolas, Productos agrícolas, Endulzantes, Mieles, Mieles de castaño	1
Desayunos, Untables, Untables dulces, Productos apícolas, Productos agrícolas, Endulzantes, Mieles	1
Getränke, Alkoholische Getränke, Biere	1
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Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Céréales et pommes de terre, Céréales et dérivés, Pâtes alimentaires, Pâtes alimentaires de céréales, Pâtes de blé dur, Penne, Penne Rigate	1
Condiments, Sauces, en:groceries	1
Produits laitiers, Produits fermentés, Produits laitiers fermentés, Fromages, Fromages de vache, Fromages de France, Fromages à pâte pressée non cuite, Reblochons	1
Condiments, Sauces, Dips, Groceries	1
Condimentos, Sales, en:Groceries	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Aliments à base de fruits et de légumes, Légumes et dérivés, Légumes, Légumes préparés, Carottes, Carottes râpées	1
Viandes et dérivés, Viandes, Charcuteries, Saucissons, Saucissons secs	2
Boissons, Sirops, Sirops aromatisés, Sirops de menthe	1
Beverages	3
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Boissons, Boissons chaudes, Boissons à base de végétaux, Thés, Thés verts, Thé vert de Chine	1
Breakfasts, Spreads, Sweet spreads, Bee products, Farming products, Sweeteners, Honeys	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Fats, Vegetable fats, Vegetable oils	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Cereals and potatoes, Breads	1
Condiments, Sauces, Hot sauces, Groceries	1
Snacks	2
Produits de la mer, Poissons et dérivés, Poissons, Plats préparés, Préparations de poisson, Produits panés, Poissons panés, Poissons panés de merlu blanc	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Petit-déjeuners, Aliments à base de fruits et de légumes, Produits à tartiner, Fruits et produits dérivés, Pâtes à tartiner végétales, Produits à tartiner sucrés, Confitures et marmelad	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Céréales et pommes de terre, Céréales et dérivés, Pâtes alimentaires, Nouilles, Pâtes aux œufs, Pâtes fraîches, Nouilles aux oeufs, Tagliatelles aux œufs, Tagliatelles	1
Aliments pour bébé, Dès 4 mois	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Cereals and potatoes, Cereals and their products	3
Terrines	1
Pflanzliche Lebensmittel und Getränke, Pflanzliche Lebensmittel, Frühstücke, Frucht- und gemüsebasierte Lebensmittel, Brotaufstriche, Fruchtbasierte Lebensmittel, Pflanzliche Brotaufstriche, Süße Brotaufstriche, Konfitüren und Marmeladen, Konfitüren, Marm	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Petit-déjeuners, Produits à tartiner, Pâtes à tartiner végétales, Produits à tartiner sucrés, Confitures et marmelades, Confitures, Confitures de prunes, Confitures de mirabelles	1
Viandes et dérivés, Viandes, Charcuteries, Porc et dérivés, Porc, Bacon, Bacon fumé	1
Snacks, Desserts, Snacks sucrés, Biscuits et gâteaux, Gâteaux, Financiers	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Boissons, Aliments d'origine végétale, Substituts de produits laitiers, Substituts du lait, Boissons à base de végétaux, Boissons végétales, Crèmes végétales, Crèmes végétales pour cuisiner, Laits et crèmes de coco	1
Produits laitiers, Produits fermentés, Produits laitiers fermentés, Fromages, Fromages de vache, Fromages à pâte molle à croûte fleurie, Fromages pasteurisés	1
Viandes et dérivés, Plats préparés, Viandes, Charcuteries, Saucisses, Plats préparés à la viande, Volailles, Canards, Plats à la volaille, Plats au canard, Saucisses de volaille, Saucisses de canard	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux	1
Snacks, Popcorn, Snack popcorn	1
Snacks, Popcorn	1
Snacks, Snacks sucrés, Biscuits et gâteaux, Biscuits	1
Gewürzmittel, Saucen, Senfe, en:groceries	1
Beverages,Dairies,Dairy drinks,milk	1
Nabiał, Żywność fermentowana, Desery, Fermentowane produkty mleczne, Desery mleczne, Fermentowane desery mleczne, Jogurty	1
Produits laitiers, Produits fermentés, Desserts, Produits laitiers fermentés, Desserts lactés, Desserts lactés fermentés, Desserts lactés fermentés aux fruits, Yaourts, Spécialités laitières, Spécialités laitières aux fruits	1
Dairies, Fermented foods, Desserts, Fermented milk products, Dairy desserts, Fermented dairy desserts, Yogurts, Yogurts with cereals	1
Desserts, Surgelés, Desserts glacés, Glaces et sorbets, Glaces	1
Produits laitiers, Produits fermentés, Desserts, Produits laitiers fermentés, Fromages, Desserts lactés, Desserts lactés fermentés, Yaourts, Fromages blancs, Fromages à la crème, Desserts lactés à la vanille, Fromages blancs à la vanille	1
Snack, Snack dolci, Biscotti e torte, Torta, Torte al cioccolato	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Breakfasts, Cereals and potatoes, Cereals and their products, Baby foods, Breakfast cereals	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Beverages, Plant-based beverages, Vegetable-based foods and beverages, Juices and nectars, Vegetable-based beverages, Vegetable juices, Carrot juices	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Céréales et pommes de terre, Pains, Pains grillés, Petits pains grillés	1
Boissons, Boissons gazeuses, Sodas	1
Snacks, Snacks sucrés, Confiseries, Chewing-gum, Chewing-gum sans sucres	1
Pflanzliche Lebensmittel und Getränke, Pflanzliche Lebensmittel, Gewürzmittel, Eßbare Pflanzen, Gewürzpflanzen, en:aromatic-herbs, Schnittlauch, en:groceries	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Céréales et pommes de terre, Céréales et dérivés, Pâtes alimentaires, Pâtes alimentaires de céréales, Pâtes sèches, Pâtes de blé dur	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Cereals and potatoes, Cereals and their products, Pastas, Cereal pastas, Durum wheat pasta	1
Cibi e bevande a base vegetale, Cibi a base vegetale, Cereali e patate, Cereali e i loro prodotti, Pasta, Paste alimentari di cereali, Pasta secca, Pasta di grano duro, en:Italian pasta, Penne, Penne Rigate, Pasta di Gragnano	1
Snacks, Sweet snacks, Confectioneries	1
Alimentos y bebidas de origen vegetal, Alimentos de origen vegetal, Cereales y patatas, Panes, Panes especiales, Bagels	1
Getränke, Milchprodukte, Fermentierte Lebensmittel, Fermentierte Milch, Käse, Kohlensäurehaltige Getränke, Wasser, Quellwasser, Mineralwasser, Selterswasser, Natürliches Mineralwasser, Natürliches Mineralwasser mit Kohlensäure versetzt, Natürliches Minera	1
Boissons, Boissons alcoolisées, Boissons distillés, Alcools forts, Eaux-de-vie, Rhums	1
Plantaardige levensmiddelen en dranken, Plantaardige levensmiddelen, Ontbijten, Voedsel op basis van fruit en groenten, Smeerbare producten, Fruit en afgeleide producten, Plantaardige smeerbare producten, Zoete smeerpastas, Confituren en marmelades, Jams,	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Boissons, Boissons à base de végétaux, Boissons aux fruits, Boissons avec sucre ajouté	1
Desserts,Frozen foods,Frozen desserts,Ice creams and sorbets,Ice creams	1
Condiments,Salts	1
Beverages, Alcoholic beverages, Beers	1
Viandes et dérivés, Charcuteries, Saucissons, Chorizo	1
Grickalice, en:Sweet snacks, Keksi i kolači, Keksi, en:Chocolate biscuits, en:Shortbread cookies, Shortbread	1
Snacks, Snacks salés, Beignets salés	1
Meats and their products, Meats, Chicken and its products, Poultries, Breaded products, Chickens, en:breaded-chicken	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Fruits à coques et dérivés, Fruits à coques, Amandes, Amandes salées, Amandes grillées, Amandes grillées et salées	1
Produits laitiers, Produits fermentés, Produits laitiers fermentés, Fromages, Fromages de chèvre, Bûche de chèvre	1
Dairies, Fermented foods, Fermented milk products, Cheeses, Italian cheeses, Grana Padano, en:cooked-pressed-cheeses	1
Produits laitiers, Produits fermentés, Produits laitiers fermentés, Fromages	1
Viandes et dérivés, Viandes, Charcuteries	1
Boissons, Boissons alcoolisées, Cidres, Cidres demi-secs	1
Produits laitiers, Produits fermentés, Produits laitiers fermentés, Fromages, Fromages fondus, Crème de Maroilles	1
Viandes et dérivés, Viande de bœuf et dérivés, Viandes, Bœuf, Préparations de viande, Préparations de viande bovine, Viandes séchées, Produits carnés italiens, Bresaola, it:Bresaola della Valtellina	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Céréales et pommes de terre, Graines, Céréales et dérivés, Céréales en grains, Riz	1
Postres, Congelados, Postres helados, Helados y sorbetes, Helado, Helados de palo	1
Dairies, Fermented foods, Fermented milk products, Cheeses, Cow cheeses, Cheeses from the United Kingdom, Cheeses from England, Cheddar cheese, Grated cheese	1
Boissons, Boissons alcoolisées, Boissons distillés, Alcools forts, Gins	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Matières grasses, Matières grasses végétales, Produits de l'olivier, Huiles, Huiles d'olive, Huiles d'olive vierges extra, Huiles d'olive vierges	1
Condiments, Dried products, Dried products to be rehydrated, Sauces, Dehydrated sauces, Groceries	1
Produits laitiers, Produits fermentés, Desserts, Produits laitiers fermentés, Produits à tartiner, Fromages, Desserts lactés, Produits à tartiner salés, Desserts lactés fermentés, Desserts lactés fermentés nature, Fromages à pâte fraîche, Fromages à tarti	1
Condiments, en:barbecue-sauces	1
Pflanzliche Lebensmittel und Getränke, Pflanzliche Lebensmittel, Frühstücke, Getreide und Kartoffeln, Getreideprodukte, Frühstückscerealien, Müslis	1
tortillas	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Aliments à base de fruits et de légumes, Petit-déjeuners, Produits à tartiner, Fruits et produits dérivés, Pâtes à tartiner végétales, Produits à tartiner sucrés, Confitures et marmelad	1
Snacks, Snacks sucrés, Biscuits et gâteaux, Gâteaux, Gâteaux au chocolat	1
Produits de la mer, Surgelés, Crustacés, Crevettes	1
Voedingssupplementen,Bodybuilding supplementen,Proteinerepen,Notenrepen	1
Dietary supplements, Vitamins	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Fruits and vegetables based foods	1
en:dietary-supplements	1
dry pastas	1
Latticini, Latte, Latte parzialmente scremato	1
Surgelés, Pommes de terre normales préfrites surgelées, Quartiers de pommes de terre surgelés	1
Frozen foods	1
Bébés/Nourrissons - assortiments de nourriture	1
Snacks, Snacks sucrés, Cacao et dérivés, Confiseries, Confiseries chocolatées, Bonbons de chocolat	1
Plantebaserte matvarer og drikkevarer, Plantebasert mat, en:Nuts and their products, en:Nuts, en:Hazelnuts	1
en:Dairies, en:Fermented foods, en:Snacks, en:Fermented milk products, en:Salty snacks, en:Appetizers, en:Cheeses, en:Chips and fries, en:Crisps, en:Cheese doodles	1
Petit-déjeuners, Produits à tartiner, Produits à tartiner sucrés, Produits de la ruche, Produits d'élevages, Édulcorants, Miels, Miels d'acacia	1
Viandes et dérivés, Viandes, Gibiers, Cerf	1
Dairies,Fermented foods,Fermented milk products,Desserts,Dairy desserts,Fermented dairy desserts,Yogurts,Whole milk yogurts,it:Yogurt alla liquirizia	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Substituts de produits laitiers, Desserts, Surgelés, Desserts glacés, Glaces et sorbets, Crèmes glacées végétales, Sandwiches à la crème glacée végétale	1
Desserts	1
Dairies, milks	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Legumes and their products, Spreads, Plant-based spreads, Oilseed purees, Legume butters, Peanut butters, en:nut-butters	1
Apple juices from concentrate	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Breakfasts, Spreads, Plant-based spreads, Sweet spreads, Fruit and vegetable preserves	1
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Plats préparés, Légumes préparés, Farces	1
Snacks, Sweet snacks, Biscuits and cakes, Cakes	1
Latticini, Cibi fermentati, Dessert, Prodotti lattiero-caseari fermentati, Dolci a base di latte, en:Fermented dairy desserts, Yogurt, Yogurt intero	1
Meats and their products,Meals,Meals with meat,Beef dishes,Meat pies,Savoury-pie,Salted pies	1
Snacks, Sweet snacks, Confectioneries, Candies, Marshmallows	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Breakfasts, Cereals and potatoes, Cereals and their products, Breakfast cereals, Flakes, Cereal flakes, Rolled flakes, Rolled oats, Organic rolled o	1
Getränke	2
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux, Aliments d'origine végétale, Plats préparés, Légumes préparés, Ratatouilles	1
Milchprodukte, Fermentierte Lebensmittel, Desserts, Fermentierte Milch, Milchnachspeisen, en:Fermented dairy desserts, en:Fermented dairy desserts with fruits, Joghurt, Fruchtjoghurt	2
Beverages, Dairies, Milks, Homogenized milks, UHT Milks, Whole milks	1
Plant-based foods and beverages, Beverages, Plant-based beverages	1
Huile pure de noix de coco inodore	1
Snacks,Sweet snacks,Confectioneries,Chewing gum,Sugar-free chewing gum	1
Beauty & Personal Care	1
Food & Beverages	4

Product	Brand	Category	Compounds Matched from Ingredients	Date Retrieved
Cola pure cane sugar soda		Beverages, Carbonated drinks, Sodas	caffeine,phosphoric acid	2024-02-12
Fugde dipped shortbread cookies		Snacks, Sweet snacks, Biscuits and cakes, Biscuits	niacin	2024-02-12
Guarana zero		Beverages, Waters	caffeine	2024-02-12
All-Purpose Unbleached Enriched Flour	Big Y Foods Inc.	Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Cereals and potatoes, Cereals and their products	riboflavin	2024-02-09
Whole Grain Oatmeal Cereal	Earth's Best	Plant-based foods and beverages, Plant-based foods, Breakfasts, Cereals and potatoes, Cereals and their products, Baby foods, Breakfast cereals	TOCOPHEROLS	2024-08-22
White menthe verte	Freedent	Snacks, Snacks sucrés, Confiseries, Chewing-gum, Chewing-gum sans sucres	sorbitol,xylitol	2024-02-10
bâton de berger noisette lot de 2	Justin-bridou	Viandes et dérivés, Viandes, Charcuteries, Saucissons, Saucissons secs	lactose	2024-02-12
Shredded cheese, mild cheddar	Market Pantry, Target Stores	Dairies, Fermented foods, Fermented milk products, Cheeses, Cow cheeses, Cheeses from the United Kingdom, Cheeses from England, Cheddar cheese, Grated cheese	natamycin	2024-02-09
country gravy mix	Meijer	Condiments, Dried products, Dried products to be rehydrated, Sauces, Dehydrated sauces, Groceries	niacin,riboflavin	2024-02-12
Carb Balance Whole Wheat Tortilla Wraps	Mission	tortillas	calcium propionate,fumaric acid	2024-09-07
Vitamin D3	Natrol	Dietary supplements, Vitamins	Cellulose,Calcium Silicate,Sorbitol,Stearic Acid	2024-02-09
Creme filled iced sponge cakes with creme filling	Tastykake	Snacks, Sweet snacks, Biscuits and cakes, Cakes	riboflavin,niacin	2024-02-09
Streak & Ale Pie	Tesco Finest	Meats and their products,Meals,Meals with meat,Beef dishes,Meat pies,Savoury-pie,Salted pies	Niacin	2024-05-25
Marshmallows	The Kroger Co.	Snacks, Sweet snacks, Confectioneries, Candies, Marshmallows	pyrophosphate	2024-02-13
Orange Juice, Not From Concentrate	Western Family	Plant-based foods and beverages, Beverages, Plant-based beverages	calcium lactate,tricalcium phosphate	2024-02-09
Orbit White Spearmint torebka	Wrigley's	Snacks,Sweet snacks,Confectioneries,Chewing gum,Sugar-free chewing gum	SORBITOL	2024-09-27
Every Man Jack Daily Hydration Face Lotion - Skin Revive -- 2.5 fl oz	Every Man Jack	Beauty & Personal Care	chamomile, ascorbic acid, caffeine, cetyl alcohol, panthenol, ethylhexylglycerin, glyceryl stearate, glycerin, hydroxyethylcellulose, isopropyl myristate, phenoxyethanol, sodium benzoate, sorbitan monostearate	2024-11-29 10:47:42
King Arthur Baking Company Baking Mix Kit Flatbread -- 16.5 oz	King Arthur Baking Company	Food & Beverages	sorbitan monostearate	2024-11-29 10:47:42
King Arthur Baking Company Baking Mix Kit Focaccia -- 18.4 oz	King Arthur Baking Company	Food & Beverages	calcium lactate, lactic acid, sorbitan monostearate	2024-11-29 10:47:42
King Arthur Baking Company Baking Mix Kit Garlic Bread -- 15.25 oz	King Arthur Baking Company	Food & Beverages	maltodextrin, sorbitan monostearate	2024-11-29 10:47:42
King Arthur Baking Company Baking Mix Kit Pretzel Bites -- 15.6 oz	King Arthur Baking Company	Food & Beverages	sorbitan monostearate	2024-11-29 10:47:42

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	13 (10.32)	18.7374
1990's	11 (8.73)	18.2507
2000's	19 (15.08)	29.6817
2010's	67 (53.17)	24.3611
2020's	16 (12.70)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	3 (2.26%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	130 (97.74%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
carbamates [no description available]	2.25	1	0	amino-acid anion
salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).	2.1	1	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.47	2	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
diacetyl butane-2,3-dione : An alpha-diketone that is butane substituted by oxo groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite produced during the malolactic fermentation.	2.05	1	0	alpha-diketone	Escherichia coli metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	2.05	1	0	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
dalteparin Dalteparin: A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.03	1	0
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	2.04	1	0	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	2.04	1	0	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)	2.48	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
caffeine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	2.21	1	0	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
carvedilol [no description available]	2.05	1	0	carbazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
celecoxib [no description available]	2.05	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetyltrimethylammonium ion Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups.	2.03	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
ciclopirox [no description available]	2.05	1	0	cyclic hydroxamic acid; hydroxypyridone antifungal drug; pyridone	antibacterial agent; antiseborrheic
eucalyptol [no description available]	3.59	1	1
clotrimazole [no description available]	2.08	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
dapsone [no description available]	2.25	1	0	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
dibutyl phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate: A plasticizer used in most plastics and found in water, air, soil, plants and animals. It may have some adverse effects with long-term exposure.. dibutyl phthalate : A phthalate ester that is the diester obtained by the formal condensation of the carboxy groups of phthalic acid with two molecules of butan-1-ol. Although used extensively as a plasticiser, it is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant that poses a risk to humans.	2.05	1	0	diester; phthalate ester	EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; metabolite; plasticiser; teratogenic agent
erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.	3.14	5	0
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	2.21	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	2	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	2.06	1	0	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	7.96	3	0	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
methacrylic acid methacrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. methacrylic acid : An alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a methyl group.	2.05	1	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.	2.8	3	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	2.1	1	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	2.02	1	0	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
stearic acid octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.	4.4	4	1	long-chain fatty acid; saturated fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
tazarotene tazarotene: a topical acetylenic retinoid; a topical kerytolytic. tazarotene : The ethyl ester of tazarotenic acid. A prodrug for tazarotenic acid, it is used for the treatment of psoriasis, acne, and sun-damaged skin.	3.59	1	1	acetylenic compound; ethyl ester; pyridines; retinoid; thiochromane	keratolytic drug; prodrug; teratogenic agent
sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).	2	1	0	glucitol	cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	2.05	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.	2.25	1	0	pilocarpine	antiglaucoma drug
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	2.52	2	0	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.	2.41	1	0	aporphine alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug
galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose.	2.25	1	0	D-galactose; galactopyranose	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	2.49	2	0
ornithine Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5.	2.17	1	0	non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; ornithine	algal metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; mouse metabolite
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	2.08	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	2.17	1	0	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
methylene chloride Methylene Chloride: A chlorinated hydrocarbon that has been used as an inhalation anesthetic and acts as a narcotic in high concentrations. Its primary use is as a solvent in manufacturing and food technology.. dichloromethane : A member of the class of chloromethanes that is methane in which two of the hydrogens have been replaced by chlorine. A dense, non-flammible colourless liquid at room temperature (b.p. 40degreeC, d = 1.33) which is immiscible with water, it is widely used as a solvent, a paint stripper, and for the removal of caffeine from coffee and tea.	2.05	1	0	chloromethanes; volatile organic compound	carcinogenic agent; polar aprotic solvent; refrigerant
acrylic acid acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group.	3.43	1	1	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid	metabolite
taurocholic acid Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.	2.25	1	0	amino sulfonic acid; bile acid taurine conjugate	human metabolite
rhodamine b rhodamine B: RN & N1 from 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7973; TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE was see RHODAMINES 1975-93; use RHODAMINES to search TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE 1975-93. rhodamine B : An organic chloride salt having N-[9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-6-(diethylamino)-3H-xanthen-3-ylidene]-N-ethylethanaminium as the counterion. An amphoteric dye commonly used as a fluorochrome.	2.01	1	0	organic chloride salt; xanthene dye	fluorescent probe; fluorochrome; histological dye
tolonium chloride Tolonium Chloride: A phenothiazine that has been used as a hemostatic, a biological stain, and a dye for wool and silk. Tolonium chloride has also been used as a diagnostic aid for oral and gastric neoplasms and in the identification of the parathyroid gland in thyroid surgery.. tolonium chloride : An organic chloride salt having 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)-2-methylphenothiazin-5-ium (tolonium) as the counterion. It is a blue nuclear counterstain that can be used to demonstrate Nissl substance and is also useful for staining mast cell granules, both in metachromatic and orthochromatic techniques.	2	1	0
benzoyl peroxide Benzoyl Peroxide: A peroxide derivative that has been used topically for BURNS and as a dermatologic agent in the treatment of ACNE and POISON IVY DERMATITIS. It is used also as a bleach in the food industry.	2.1	1	0	carbonyl compound
triethanolamine triethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. triethanolamine : A tertiary amino compound that is ammonia in which each of the hydrogens is substituted by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.	3.43	1	1	amino alcohol; tertiary amino compound; triol	buffer; surfactant
isopropyl myristate isopropyl myristate: used for microemulsions; structure	2.15	1	0	fatty acid ester
catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.	2.31	1	0	catechin	antioxidant; plant metabolite
cetyl palmitate palmityl palmitate : A palmitate ester resulting from the formal condensation of palmitic acid with palmityl alcohol. It is used as a thickener and emollient in cosmetics.	2.21	1	0	hexadecanoate ester	metabolite
tristearin tristearoylglycerol : A triglyceride that is glycerol in which all three hydroxy groups have been formally esterified with stearic acid.	2.15	1	0	triacylglycerol 54:0	Caenorhabditis elegans metabolite; plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	2.41	1	0	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
stearylamine stearylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. octadecan-1-amine : An 18-carbon primary aliphatic amine.	2.04	1	0	primary aliphatic amine	film-forming compound
didodecyldimethylammonium didodecyldimethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.11	1	0
stearoyl-2-lactylic acid stearoyl-2-lactylic acid: RN given refers to Ca salt	2.15	1	0
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	2.61	2	0	copper group element atom; elemental gold
camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.02	1	0	delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite
glycerol 1-stearate glycerol 1-stearate: isolated from the young fronds of the bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum; structure in first source. rac-1-monostearoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol composed of equal amounts of 3-stearoyl-sn-glycerol and 1-stearoyl-sn-glycerol.. 1-monostearoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has stearoyl as the acyl group.	2.58	2	0	1-acylglycerol 18:0; rac-1-monoacylglycerol	algal metabolite; Caenorhabditis elegans metabolite
galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.	8.48	125	3
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	2.11	1	0	benzenes; phenyl acetates
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	2.53	2	0	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
ribavirin Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename	2.05	1	0	1-ribosyltriazole; aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; primary carboxamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimetabolite; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
itraconazole Itraconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that inhibits cytochrome P-450-dependent enzymes required for ERGOSTEROL synthesis.. itraconazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is cis-ketoconazole in which the imidazol-1-yl group is replaced by a 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group and in which the actyl group attached to the piperazine moiety is replaced by a p-[(+-)1-sec-butyl-5-oxo-1,5-dihydro-4H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl]phenyl group. A potent P-glycoprotein and CYP3A4 inhibitor, it is used as an antifungal drug for the treatment of various fungal infections, including aspergillosis, blastomycosis, candidiasis, chromoblastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, cryptococcosis, histoplasmosis, and sporotrichosis.	2.5	2	0	aromatic ether; conazole antifungal drug; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; N-arylpiperazine; triazole antifungal drug; triazoles	EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor; P450 inhibitor
imiquimod Imiquimod: A topically-applied aminoquinoline immune modulator that induces interferon production. It is used in the treatment of external genital and perianal warts, superficial CARCINOMA, BASAL CELL; and ACTINIC KERATOSIS.. imiquimod : An imidazoquinoline fused [4,5-c] carrying isobutyl and amino substituents at N-1 and C-4 respectively. A prescription medication, it acts as an immune response modifier and is used to treat genital warts, superficial basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis.	2.21	1	0	imidazoquinoline	antineoplastic agent; interferon inducer
fluorexon fluorexon: structure	2.17	1	0	xanthene dye	fluorochrome
1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.17	1	0
repaglinide [no description available]	2.25	1	0	piperidines
telmisartan Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.	2.17	1	0	benzimidazoles; biphenyls; carboxybiphenyl	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tocophersolan tocophersolan: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.41	1	0	tocol
dicetylphosphate dicetylphosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd. dicetyl hydrogen phosphate : The dihexadecyl ester of phosphoric acid.	3.14	5	0	dialkyl phosphate
6-carboxyfluorescein 6-carboxyfluorescein: originally sold as 6-carboxyfluorescein, but commercial product is a mixture of two isomers; correct name is 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein	2.94	4	0	monocarboxylic acid
ginsenoside rh2 ginsenoside Rh2: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.	2.25	1	0	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bone density conservation agent; cardioprotective agent; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
caprylates Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.	2.21	1	0	fatty acid anion 8:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion	human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
celastrol [no description available]	2.21	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; metabolite
methotrexate [no description available]	2.42	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
ivabradine Ivabradine: A benzazepine derivative and selective HYPERPOLARIZATION-ACTIVATED CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-GATED CHANNELS inhibitor that lowers the heart rate. It is used in the treatment of CHRONIC STABLE ANGINA in patients unable to take BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKERS, and in the treatment of HEART FAILURE.. ivabradine : A member of the class of benzazepines that is 7,8-dimethoxy-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepin-2-one in which the amide hydrogen is replaced by a [{[(7S)-3,4-dimethoxybicyclo[4.2.0]octa-1,3,5-trien-7-yl]methyl}(methyl)amino]propyl} group. Used (as its hydrochloride salt) to treat patients with angina who have intolerance to beta blockers and/or heart failure.	2.31	1	0	aromatic ether; benzazepine; carbobicyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	cardiotonic drug
cholic acid Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.	2.08	1	0	12alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; 7alpha-hydroxy steroid; bile acid; C24-steroid; trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
deoxycholic acid Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.	2.54	2	0	bile acid; C24-steroid; dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid	human blood serum metabolite
carboplatin [no description available]	2.1	1	0
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	2.13	1	0	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	2.49	2	0	retinoic acid; vitamin A	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	8.08	4	0	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).	2.13	1	0	retinol; vitamin A	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.	2.55	2	0	octadec-9-enoic acid	antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent
tenofovir tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	2.21	1	0	nucleoside analogue; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
rubitecan rubitecan: RN refers to (+-)-isomer; anti-HIV agent; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I inhibitor. rubitecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline that is camptothecin in which the hydrogen at position 9 has been replaced by a nitro group. It is a prodrug for 9-aminocamptothecin.	2.02	1	0	C-nitro compound; delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; semisynthetic derivative; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.	2.52	2	0	stilbene
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	3.04	4	0	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
tamoxifen [no description available]	2.17	1	0	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
ginsenosides ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives.	2.25	1	0
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	2.15	1	0	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
quercetin [no description available]	2.11	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
luteolin [no description available]	2.13	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
rutin Hydroxyethylrutoside: Monohydroxyethyl derivative of rutin. Peripheral circulation stimulant used in treatment of venous disorders.	7.08	1	0	disaccharide derivative; quercetin O-glucoside; rutinoside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; metabolite
montelukast montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	2.11	1	0	aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
ellagic acid [no description available]	2.07	1	0	catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol	antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
coenzyme q10 coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.	2.21	1	0	ubiquinones	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).	2.01	1	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester	antigen; mouse metabolite
1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane 1,2-dioleoyloxy-3-(trimethylammonium)propane: fluorescent probe for phospholipids; RN & structure given in first source	2.25	1	0
sorbitan monooleate [no description available]	3.84	11	0	fatty acid ester
phytosterols Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.	2.17	1	0
melitten Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes.	2.17	1	0
alamethicin Alamethicin: A cyclic nonadecapeptide antibiotic that can act as an ionophore and is produced by strains of Trichoderma viride. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	2.17	1	0
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	3.34	6	0	glycoside
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	2.7	3	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
(9R)-9-chloro-11,17-dihydroxy-17-(2-hydroxy-1-oxoethyl)-10,13,16-trimethyl-6,7,8,11,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-one Beclomethasone: An anti-inflammatory, synthetic glucocorticoid. It is used topically as an anti-inflammatory agent and in aerosol form for the treatment of ASTHMA.. beclomethasone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is prednisolone in which the hydrogens at the 9alpha and 16beta positions are substituted by a chlorine and a methyl group, respectively.	2.08	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
ubiquinone Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.	2.21	1	0
chitosan [no description available]	2.93	3	0
stearates Stearates: Salts and esters of the 18-carbon saturated, monocarboxylic acid--stearic acid.	2.84	3	0
ethyl cellulose [no description available]	3.06	4	0	glycoside
sorbitan monopalmitate sorbitan monopalmitate: pharmaceutic aid (surfactant)	4.9	8	1
mannans [no description available]	2.21	1	0
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	2.25	1	0
sofosbuvir Sofosbuvir: A uridine monophosphate analog inhibitor of HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV) polymerase NS5B that is used as an ANTIVIRAL AGENT in the treatment of CHRONIC HEPATITIS C.. sofosbuvir : A nucleotide conjugate that is used in combination with ledipasvir (under the trade name Harvoni) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 infection.	2.25	1	0	isopropyl ester; L-alanyl ester; nucleotide conjugate; organofluorine compound; phosphoramidate ester	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; prodrug
methylcellulose Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.	2.13	1	0
piroxicam [no description available]	2.03	1	0	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
sorbitan monolaurate sorbitan monolaurate: span type materials are artificial esters of the common fatty acids & hexitol anhydrides derived from sorbitol	3.52	8	0
cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).	2.21	1	0
muramidase Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.	2.08	1	0
acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.	2.48	2	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antimetabolite; antiviral drug
maltodextrin maltodextrin : A dextrin in which the D-glucose units are linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds.	2.49	2	0
acetylcellulose acetylcellulose: coating compound. cellulose acetate : A glucan derivative obtained through the esterification of cellulose by acetic anhydride or acetic acid, resulting in the substitution of some of the hydroxy groups of cellulose by acetyl groups. It is used in a variety of applications including base material for photographic film, clothing, membrane filters, coatings, food packaging, and as a frame material for eyeglasses.	2.03	1	0

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	2.66	2	0
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	2.25	1	0
Glaucoma An ocular disease, occurring in many forms, having as its primary characteristics an unstable or a sustained increase in the intraocular pressure which the eye cannot withstand without damage to its structure or impairment of its function. The consequences of the increased pressure may be manifested in a variety of symptoms, depending upon type and severity, such as excavation of the optic disk, hardness of the eyeball, corneal anesthesia, reduced visual acuity, seeing of colored halos around lights, disturbed dark adaptation, visual field defects, and headaches. (Dictionary of Visual Science, 4th ed)	2.25	1	0
Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye.	2.63	2	0
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	2.25	1	0
Eye Disorders [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Fungal Diseases [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye.	2.31	1	0
Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI.	2.31	1	0
Breast Cancer [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor A transplantable, poorly differentiated malignant tumor which appeared originally as a spontaneous breast carcinoma in a mouse. It grows in both solid and ascitic forms.	2.44	2	0
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	2.17	1	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2.65	3	0
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2.65	3	0
HIV Coinfection [description not available]	2.21	1	0
HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).	2.21	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	2.21	1	0
Acne [description not available]	2.58	2	0
Acne Vulgaris A chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous apparatus associated with an increase in sebum secretion. It is characterized by open comedones (blackheads), closed comedones (whiteheads), and pustular nodules. The cause is unknown, but heredity and age are predisposing factors.	2.58	2	0
Dry Eye [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Dry Eye Syndromes Corneal and conjunctival dryness due to deficient tear production, predominantly in menopausal and post-menopausal women. Filamentary keratitis or erosion of the conjunctival and corneal epithelium may be caused by these disorders. Sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the eye and burning of the eyes may occur.	2.21	1	0
Vitiligo A disorder consisting of areas of macular depigmentation, commonly on extensor aspects of extremities, on the face or neck, and in skin folds. Age of onset is often in young adulthood and the condition tends to progress gradually with lesions enlarging and extending until a quiescent state is reached.	3.59	1	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.54	2	0
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available]	4.24	3	1
Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.	4.24	3	1
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	2.43	2	0
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	2.1	1	0
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	2.43	2	0
Athlete's Foot [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Tinea Pedis Dermatological pruritic lesion in the feet, caused by Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, or Epidermophyton floccosum.	2.1	1	0
Bacterial Vaginitides [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Vaginosis, Bacterial Polymicrobial, nonspecific vaginitis associated with positive cultures of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic organisms and a decrease in lactobacilli. It remains unclear whether the initial pathogenic event is caused by the growth of anaerobes or a primary decrease in lactobacilli.	2.1	1	0
Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.05	1	0
Hemorrhoids Swollen veins in the lower part of the RECTUM or ANUS. Hemorrhoids can be inside the anus (internal), under the skin around the anus (external), or protruding from inside to outside of the anus. People with hemorrhoids may or may not exhibit symptoms which include bleeding, itching, and pain.	2.08	1	0
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.	2.85	4	0
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	2.63	3	0
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	2.63	3	0
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	2.64	3	0
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	2.34	2	0
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	1.93	1	0
Sarcoma 180 An experimental sarcoma of mice.	1.98	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	1.99	1	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	1.96	1	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	1.96	1	0

sorbitan monostearate

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (5)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Occurs in Manufacturing (377 Product(s))

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Research

Studies (126)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 60.74

Study Types

sorbitan monostearate

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (5)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Occurs in Manufacturing (377 Product(s))

Product Categories

Products

Research

Studies (126)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 60.74

Study Types

Related Drugs (123)

Related Conditions (50)