resveratrol binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to resveratrol. [GO_REF:0000067, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18254726]

Resveratrol, a polyphenol found in grapes and other plants, exerts its diverse biological effects through its ability to bind to and modulate the activity of various proteins. Its molecular function is characterized by its interaction with specific binding sites on these protein targets, leading to a range of downstream effects.

**1. Activation of Sirtuins:** Resveratrol is a potent activator of sirtuins, a family of NAD+-dependent deacetylases. Sirtuins play a crucial role in regulating cellular processes such as lifespan, metabolism, and stress response. Resveratrol binds to the catalytic domain of sirtuins, enhancing their deacetylase activity and promoting longevity, metabolic improvements, and protection against oxidative stress.

**2. Inhibition of Kinases:** Resveratrol has been shown to inhibit the activity of several kinases, including protein kinase C (PKC), tyrosine kinases, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). These kinases play essential roles in signaling pathways involved in cell growth, differentiation, and inflammation. By inhibiting these kinases, resveratrol can suppress cell proliferation, reduce inflammation, and promote apoptosis.

**3. Modulation of Nuclear Receptors:** Resveratrol interacts with various nuclear receptors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and estrogen receptor (ER). Activation of PPARα can improve lipid metabolism and reduce inflammation, while modulation of ER activity can contribute to the protective effects of resveratrol on cardiovascular health.

**4. Antioxidant Activity:** Resveratrol possesses potent antioxidant properties, scavenging free radicals and protecting cells from oxidative damage. Its antioxidant activity stems from its ability to donate electrons and neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are implicated in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

**5. Anti-Inflammatory Effects:** Resveratrol exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators. It can suppress the activation of NF-κB, a key transcription factor involved in inflammation, thereby reducing inflammation and protecting against inflammatory diseases.

**6. Modulation of Cell Signaling Pathways:** Resveratrol can modulate various cell signaling pathways, including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, the insulin signaling pathway, and the Wnt signaling pathway. By interfering with these pathways, resveratrol can regulate cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, contributing to its diverse biological effects.

The binding of resveratrol to its protein targets is characterized by specific interactions between the polyphenol molecule and amino acid residues within the binding site. These interactions involve hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions, resulting in the formation of a stable complex. The specific residues involved in binding, as well as the affinity of the interaction, vary depending on the target protein, influencing the downstream effects of resveratrol.

In summary, the molecular function of resveratrol binding involves a complex interplay between its chemical structure and the protein targets it interacts with. This interaction leads to a wide range of biological effects, including activation of sirtuins, inhibition of kinases, modulation of nuclear receptors, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effects, and modulation of cell signaling pathways. These effects contribute to the potential therapeutic applications of resveratrol in various disease conditions.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (243)