positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis. Cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is the orderly movement of endothelial cells into the extracellular matrix in order to form new blood vessels contributing to the process of sprouting angiogenesis. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb]

Positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is a complex process that involves multiple signaling pathways and cellular events. It is a critical step in the formation of new blood vessels, a process known as angiogenesis, which is essential for tissue growth, development, and repair. Here is a detailed description of the process:

**1. Initiation:**
- Sprouting angiogenesis is typically initiated by a lack of oxygen (hypoxia) or other growth factors.
- Hypoxia triggers the release of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) from endothelial cells.
- HIF-1 then stimulates the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent angiogenic factor.

**2. Endothelial Cell Activation and Migration:**
- VEGF binds to its receptors (VEGFRs) on the surface of endothelial cells.
- This binding activates various intracellular signaling pathways, including the MAPK, PI3K/Akt, and Rho GTPase pathways.
- These pathways lead to changes in gene expression, resulting in the production of proteins necessary for endothelial cell migration and proliferation.
- The endothelial cells become activated, lose their adhesion to the basement membrane, and begin to migrate towards the source of VEGF.

**3. Tip Cell Formation and Sprouting:**
- As endothelial cells migrate, they form a sprout-like structure called a "tip cell."
- Tip cells are highly motile and lead the sprouting process, guided by the concentration gradient of VEGF.
- Tip cells express high levels of receptors for VEGF and other chemoattractants, allowing them to sense and respond to the cues that direct angiogenesis.

**4. Proliferation and Lumen Formation:**
- Behind the tip cells, proliferating endothelial cells form a tube-like structure called a "stalk."
- These stalk cells undergo rapid cell division to create the new blood vessel lumen.
- As the sprout grows, it branches and anastomoses with existing vessels, forming a vascular network.

**5. Maturation and Stabilization:**
- Once the new vessel is formed, it undergoes a process of maturation and stabilization.
- Pericytes (smooth muscle-like cells) wrap around the endothelial cells, providing structural support and regulating blood flow.
- The basement membrane is remodeled and thickened, further stabilizing the new vessel.

**In summary, positive regulation of cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis is a carefully orchestrated process that involves the coordinated action of multiple signaling pathways, cellular events, and growth factors. It is a crucial step in angiogenesis, ensuring the formation of new blood vessels to meet the oxygen and nutrient demands of tissues.**'
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Proteins (12)

Compounds (691)