DNA synthesis involved in UV-damage excision repair

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any DNA synthesis that is involved in UV-damage excision repair. [GO_REF:0000060, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10704216]

UV-damage excision repair is a crucial cellular process that removes damaged DNA segments caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This process involves several key steps:

1. **Damage Recognition:** Specialized proteins, such as the UV-damaged DNA binding protein (UV-DDB) and Xeroderma pigmentosum protein A (XPA), recognize the distorted DNA structure caused by UV damage, specifically pyrimidine dimers (thymine dimers being the most common).

2. **Excision of Damaged DNA:** An enzyme complex, known as the excision nuclease, removes the damaged DNA segment. This complex is composed of several proteins, including:
- **Excision repair cross-complementing rodent repair deficiency, complementation group 1 (ERCC1)**: Responsible for making the 5' incision.
- **ERCC4 (also known as XPF)**: Responsible for making the 3' incision.
- **ERCC5 (also known as XPG)**: Involved in the 3' incision for bulky lesions.
- **XPA** and **Replication protein A (RPA)**: Play a role in stabilizing the damaged DNA and facilitating the excision process.

3. **Gap Filling:** Once the damaged segment is removed, DNA polymerase fills the gap by inserting the correct nucleotides, using the undamaged strand as a template.

4. **Ligation:** Finally, DNA ligase seals the newly synthesized DNA fragment to the existing DNA strand, completing the repair process.

The specific steps involved in UV-damage excision repair can vary depending on the type of lesion and the proteins involved. However, the overall process involves recognizing the damage, removing the damaged segment, filling the gap with new DNA, and sealing the repair. This complex mechanism ensures the integrity of the genome and protects the cell from the harmful effects of UV radiation.'
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Proteins (1)

Compounds (9)