signaling receptor binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732]

Signaling receptor binding is a fundamental molecular function in cellular communication. It involves the interaction between a signaling molecule, often referred to as a ligand, and a specific receptor protein on the cell surface or within the cell. This interaction initiates a cascade of downstream events that ultimately alter cellular behavior. Here's a breakdown of the process:

1. Ligand Binding: The signaling molecule (ligand) binds to the receptor protein. This binding event is highly specific, meaning each receptor typically binds only to a particular ligand or a small set of related ligands.

2. Conformational Change: Ligand binding induces a conformational change in the receptor protein. This change alters the shape of the receptor, often activating it and initiating the signaling process.

3. Signal Transduction: The activated receptor triggers a series of molecular events within the cell, known as signal transduction. This involves a chain of interactions between different signaling molecules, such as proteins and enzymes, that amplify and relay the initial signal.

4. Cellular Response: The amplified signal eventually reaches target proteins or molecules within the cell, leading to specific cellular responses. These responses can include a wide range of activities, such as gene expression changes, enzyme activation or inhibition, cell growth, differentiation, or apoptosis (programmed cell death).

In summary, signaling receptor binding serves as the crucial first step in cellular communication. It allows cells to respond to external cues and internal signals, enabling them to coordinate activities, maintain homeostasis, and adapt to changing environments.'
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Proteins (84)

Compounds (2,816)