## (S)-Monastrol: A Powerful Tool for Cell Division Research
(S)-Monastrol is a **small-molecule inhibitor** that specifically targets **kinesin Eg5**, a key protein responsible for **microtubule-based movement** during **mitosis**, the process of cell division.
**Here's why it's important for research:**
* **Understanding Cell Division:** Monastrol blocks Eg5's function, preventing the proper separation of chromosomes during mitosis. This leads to **arrest of the cell cycle**, allowing researchers to study the **mechanisms of cell division** in detail.
* **Investigating Cancer:** Since uncontrolled cell division is a hallmark of cancer, monastrol is a valuable tool for **studying the role of Eg5 in tumor growth and development**. Researchers can use monastrol to investigate potential **anti-cancer targets** that disrupt the function of Eg5.
* **Developmental Biology Research:** Monastrol's ability to block mitosis makes it useful for **understanding embryonic development**. By inhibiting cell division in specific tissues, researchers can investigate the **role of Eg5 in cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis**.
* **Probing Cellular Processes:** Monastrol is also used in **drug discovery and development** to identify new **therapeutic targets** for various diseases. Researchers can use monastrol to **screen for compounds that interact with Eg5** and potentially have therapeutic applications.
**Overall, (S)-monastrol is a powerful tool that has significantly advanced our understanding of cell division and its implications in various biological processes. It continues to play a crucial role in research, paving the way for new discoveries and therapeutic interventions.**
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 794323 |
| CHEBI ID | 75384 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 74457 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| (4s)-monastrol |
| 5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-, ethyl ester, (4s)- (9ci) |
| 5-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-, ethyl ester, (4s)- |
| (+)-monastrol |
| 1Q0B |
| DB04331 |
| chebi:75384 , |
| s-menastrol |
| ethyl (4s)-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-sulfanylidene-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate |
| ethyl (4s)-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate |
| SCHEMBL74457 |
| unii-6bsm97yz8g |
| pilocereine ethyl ether [mi] |
| monastrol [mi] |
| monastrol, (+)- |
| 6BSM97YZ8G , |
| (s)-ethyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxopyrimidine-5-carboxylate |
| ethyl (s)-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate |
| Q27463725 |
| EN300-18755992 |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| ethyl 4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate | A member of the class of thioureas that is 3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1)-thione substituted by a 3-hydroxyphenyl group at position 4, an ethoxycarbonyl group at position 5, and a methyl group at position 6. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain A, Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 6.7000 | 6.7000 | 6.7000 | 6.7000 | AID977608 |
| Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 10.0000 | 0.0001 | 1.4057 | 10.0000 | AID242686; AID310787 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Process | via Protein(s) | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| mitotic cell cycle | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| microtubule-based movement | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| spindle organization | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| mitotic spindle organization | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| mitotic centrosome separation | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| regulation of mitotic centrosome separation | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| cell division | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| mitotic spindle assembly | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| spindle elongation | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| [Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release] | ||
| Process | via Protein(s) | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| microtubule motor activity | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| protein binding | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| ATP binding | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| microtubule binding | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| protein kinase binding | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| plus-end-directed microtubule motor activity | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| [Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release] | ||
| Process | via Protein(s) | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| spindle pole | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| spindle microtubule | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| spindle | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| cytosol | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| microtubule | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| membrane | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| mitotic spindle | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| kinesin complex | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| protein-containing complex | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| nucleus | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| mitotic spindle | Kinesin-like protein KIF11 | Homo sapiens (human) |
| [Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release] | ||
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID586659 | Upregulation of P-glycoprotein mRNA expression in pig LLC-PK1 cells | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 54, Issue:6 | Structure-activity relationship and multidrug resistance study of new S-trityl-L-cysteine derivatives as inhibitors of Eg5. |
| AID586595 | Ratio of GI50 for pig L-MDR1 cells overexpressing human P-glycoprotein to GI50 for pig LLC-PK1 cells | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 54, Issue:6 | Structure-activity relationship and multidrug resistance study of new S-trityl-L-cysteine derivatives as inhibitors of Eg5. |
| AID1377668 | Modulation of [3H]NCS-382 binding to alpha4betadelta GABAA receptor in rat cortical membranes after 1 hr by TopCount scintillation counting method | 2017 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138 | Monastrol, a 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione, as structural scaffold for the development of modulators for GHB high-affinity binding sites and α |
| AID654130 | Growth inhibition of human HT-29 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay | 2012 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8 | Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts. |
| AID242686 | In vitro inhibitory concentration towards kinesin spindle protein activity of ATP hydrolysis in the presence of microtubules measured by ATPase assay (n=3) | 2005 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 15, Issue:8 | Kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitors. Part 1: The discovery of 3,5-diaryl-4,5-dihydropyrazoles as potent and selective inhibitors of the mitotic kinesin KSP. |
| AID654125 | Growth inhibition of human NCI-ADR-RES cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay | 2012 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8 | Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts. |
| AID586660 | Upregulation of P-glycoprotein mRNA expression in mouse P388 cells | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 54, Issue:6 | Structure-activity relationship and multidrug resistance study of new S-trityl-L-cysteine derivatives as inhibitors of Eg5. |
| AID654124 | Growth inhibition of human U251 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay | 2012 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8 | Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts. |
| AID586658 | Ratio of inhibition of growth in P-glycoprotein overexpressing mouse P388 cells to inhibition of growth in mouse P388 | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-24, Volume: 54, Issue:6 | Structure-activity relationship and multidrug resistance study of new S-trityl-L-cysteine derivatives as inhibitors of Eg5. |
| AID654127 | Growth inhibition of human NCI-H460 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay | 2012 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8 | Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts. |
| AID1377669 | Modulation of [3H]NCS-382 binding to alpha4betadelta GABAA receptor in rat cortical membranes assessed as [3H]NCS-382 binding at 100 uM after 1 hr by TopCount scintillation counting method relative to control | 2017 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-29, Volume: 138 | Monastrol, a 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-thione, as structural scaffold for the development of modulators for GHB high-affinity binding sites and α |
| AID654128 | Growth inhibition of human PC3 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay | 2012 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8 | Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts. |
| AID654115 | Antioxidant activity assessed as scavenging of DPPH at 160 uM after 30 mins by spectrophotometry | 2012 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8 | Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts. |
| AID654129 | Growth inhibition of human OVCAR3 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay | 2012 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8 | Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts. |
| AID310787 | Inhibition of KSP | 2007 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3 | Pharmacophore identification of KSP inhibitors. |
| AID1153368 | Inhibition pig alpha-amylase at 50 to 300 ug/ml pretreated for 30 mins followed by addition of 1% starch for 10 mins by spectrometer | 2014 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 24, Issue:13 | Graphite catalyzed solvent free synthesis of dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones/thiones and their antidiabetic activity. |
| AID654126 | Growth inhibition of human 786-0 cells after 48 hrs by sulforhodamine B assay | 2012 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 20, Issue:8 | Free radical scavenging and antiproliferative properties of Biginelli adducts. |
| AID1811 | Experimentally measured binding affinity data derived from PDB | 2004 | Journal of molecular biology, Jan-09, Volume: 335, Issue:2 | Inhibition of a mitotic motor protein: where, how, and conformational consequences. |
| AID977608 | Experimentally measured binding affinity data (IC50) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB | 2004 | Journal of molecular biology, Jan-09, Volume: 335, Issue:2 | Inhibition of a mitotic motor protein: where, how, and conformational consequences. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3 (42.86) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 4 (57.14) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 0 (0.00) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (12.51) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 0 (0.00%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 7 (100.00%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||