diazinon profile

Diazinon: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an organothiophosphorus insecticide. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

diazinon : A member of the class of pyrimidines that is pyrimidine carrying an isopropyl group at position 2, a methyl group at position 6 and a (diethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group at position 4. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	3017
CHEMBL ID	388560
CHEBI ID	34682
SCHEMBL ID	17453
MeSH ID	M0006238

Synonym
smr000777921
BIDD:ER0457
MLS002207243
diazol
DIVK1C_006440
KBIO1_001384
phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl o-(6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl) ester
CHEBI:34682 ,
o,o-diethyl o-[6-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl] phosphorothioate
o,o-diethyl o-[6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)pyrimidin-4-yl] thiophosphate
SPECTRUM_001777
BSPBIO_002263
o,o-diethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-pyrimidin-6-yl)-monothiofosfaat
oleodiazinon
o,o-dietil-o-(2-isopropil-4-metil-pirimidin-il)-monotiofosato
diazinone
dacutox
nucidol
nsc8938
basudin 10 g
333-41-5
bazuden
alfa-tox
neocidol
g-24480
diazinon
g 301
dimpylat
dazzel
dipofene
antigal
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl) thionophosphate
o,o-diethyl 2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl-6-thiophosphate
diazajet
wln: t6n cnj by1 & 1 dops & o2 & o2 f1
diazinon ag 500
diethyl 4-(2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidinyl)phosphorothionate
dicid
diazitol
thiophosphate de o,o-diethyle et de o-2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyle
ciazinon
dimpylate
spectracide
sarolex
basudin
phosphorothioate,o-diethyl o-6-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl)
o,o-diaethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-pyrinidin-6-yl)-monothiophosphat
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate
geigy 24480
dassitox
phosphorothioic acid,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) ester
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate
ag-500
garden tox
galesan
nedcidol
nsc-8938
o,o-diethyl o-6-methyl-2-isopropyl-4-pyrimidinyl phosphorothioate
phosphorothioic acid,o-diethyl o-[6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl] ester
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl) phosphorothioate
nci-c08673
flytrol
exodin
o-2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl-o,o-diethyl phosphorothioate
isopropylmethylpyrimidyl diethyl thiophosphate
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-primidinyl)phosphorothioate
ektoband
bazudin
4-pyrimidinol, o-ester with o,o-diethyl phosphorothioate
ent 19,507
diazide
diethoxy-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)oxy-thioxo-$l^{5}-phosphane
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) thiophosphate
phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl {o-[6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl]} ester
4-pyrimidinol, 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-, o-ester with o,o-diethyl phosphorothioate
phosphorothioate, o,o-diethyl o-6-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl)
o, o-diethyl 2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl-6-thiophosphate
SPECTRUM5_001929
NCGC00091073-01
thiophosphoric acid 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl diethyl ester
knox out yellow jacket contorl
ai3-19507
diethyl 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl thionophosphate
dimpylatum [inn-latin]
dizinil
bazudine
dimpylate [inn]
nipsan
ccris 204
g 24480
compass (insecticide)
dimpilato [inn-spanish]
phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl o-(isopropylmethylpyrimidinyl) ester
dizictol
caswell no. 342
disonex
delzinon
o,o-diethyl o-(6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)phosphorothioate
nsc 8938
kleen-dok
hsdb 303
oms 469
epa pesticide chemical code 057801
o,o-diaethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl)-6-pyrimidyl-thionophosphat [german]
compass
diaterr-fos
fezudin
knox out 2fm
kayazol
terminator
brn 0273790
thiophosphate de o,o-diethyle et de o-2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyle [french]
srolex
knox-out
o,o-dietil-o-(2-isopropil-4-metil-pirimidin-6-il)-monotiofosfato [italian]
dimpylatum
pt 265
o,o-diethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl)-phosphorothioate
diagran
cooper's flystrike powder
o,o-diaethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-pyrimidin-6-yl)-monothiophosphat [german]
meodinon
neodinon
phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) ester
o,o-diethyl o-(6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl) phosphorothioate
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl)phosphorothioate
o,o-diethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl)phosphorothioate
dyzol
kfm blowfly dressing
o,o-diethyl 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinylphosphorothioate
neotsidol
o,o-diethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-pyrimidin-6-yl)-monothiofosfaat [dutch]
dizinon
basudin s
einecs 206-373-8
diazinon [ansi:bsi:iso]
drawizon
diethyl 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidinyl phosphorothionate
optimizer
bassadinon
kayazinon
gardentox
diazinon, analytical standard
NCGC00091073-02
KBIO2_004825
KBIOSS_002258
KBIOGR_000983
KBIO3_001763
KBIO2_007393
KBIO2_002257
SPECPLUS_000344
SPBIO_001072
SPECTRUM3_000802
SPECTRUM2_001226
SPECTRUM4_000642
NCGC00091073-04
NCGC00091073-03
new z diazinon
CHEMBL388560
optimizer insecticide
dimpylate (inn)
new z diazinon (tn)
D07856
optimizer insecticide (tn)
fhivafmuckrcqo-uhfffaoysa-
diethoxy-(6-methyl-2-propan-2-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)oxy-sulfanylidenephosphorane
inchi=1/c12h21n2o3ps/c1-6-15-18(19,16-7-2)17-11-8-10(5)13-12(14-11)9(3)4/h8-9h,6-7h2,1-5h3
bdbm50005409
NCGC00091073-05
NCGC00091073-06
HMS3264I04
unii-yus1m1q929
yus1m1q929 ,
o,o-diaethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-pyrimidin-6-yl)-monothiophosphat
dimpylate [inn:ban]
5-23-11-00187 (beilstein handbook reference)
dimpilato
o,o-dietil-o-(2-isopropil-4-metil-pirimidin-6-il)-monotiofosfato
o,o-diaethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl)-6-pyrimidyl-thionophosphat
NCGC00258960-01
tox21_201409
tox21_300730
NCGC00254636-01
nsc755893
nsc-755893
pharmakon1600-00330017
tox21_111077
cas-333-41-5
dtxcid50407
dtxsid9020407 ,
CCG-39143
FT-0603088
AKOS025311513
SCHEMBL17453
NCGC00091073-07
tox21_111077_1
diazinon [iso]
diazinon [mi]
phosphorothioic acid o,o-diethyl o-(6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl) ester
dimpylate [who-dd]
diazinon [iarc]
dimpylate [mart.]
diazinon [hsdb]
CS-4712
basudin 10g
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl) thiophosphate #
FHIVAFMUCKRCQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
diziktol
o,o-diethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl) thiophosphate
phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl ester
ent 19507
basudin 5g
o,o-diethyl-o-(2-isopropyl-4-methylpyrimidyl)thiophosphate
o,o-diethyl-o-(6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl)phosophorothioate
bazanon
phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethyl o-[6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl] ester
spectracide 25ec
Q-200952
HY-B1113
AB00053004_04
ethyl 6-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl ethoxy(sulfanylidene)phosphonite
diazinon, certified reference material, tracecert(r)
SR-01000872734-1
sr-01000872734
diazinon, pestanal(r), analytical standard
diazinon 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
diazinon 100 microg/ml in cyclohexane
diazinon 10 microg/ml in acetonitrile
diazinon 10 microg/ml in cyclohexane
diazinon; dimpylate
agridin 60
dimpylate, inn
antlak
spertacide
diethyl dimpylatum
o,o-diethyl o-2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl phosphorothioate
SBI-0052498.P002
diazinon 1000 microg/ml in methanol
Q411202
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl)thio-phosphate
diazinon 1000 microg/ml in toluene
BRD-K60567437-001-04-5
phosphorothioic acid, o,o-diethylo-[6-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)-4-pyrimidinyl] ester
AMY3613
FT-0778116
diethoxy-(6-methyl-2-propan-2-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)oxy-sulfanylidene-$l^{5-phosphane
diazinon 100 microg/ml in acetone
diethoxy-(6-methyl-2-propan-2-ylpyrimidin-4-yl)oxy-sulfanylidene-lambda5-phosphane
F88283
o,o-diethyl o-(2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-4-yl) phosphorothioate
mfcd00036204

Research Excerpts

Overview

Diazinon (DZN) is a refractory organophosphorus pesticide (OP) in the surrounding environment due to its overuse in agriculture. Diazinon poisoning is an important issue in occupational, clinical, and forensic toxicology.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Diazinon is a widely used organophosphorus neurotoxic insecticide. "	( Engineering Novel Aptameric Fluorescent Biosensors for Analysis of the Neurotoxic Environmental Contaminant Insecticide Diazinon from Real Vegetable and Fruit Samples. Can, MT; Cho, Y; Chung, WS; Hong, JC; Kadam, US; Kang, CH; Kim, S; Kim, SH; Kim, Y; Lee, H; Lee, SY; Trinh, KH, 2022)	2.37
"Diazinon is an organophosphate pesticide that has a history of wide use. "	( Persistent neurobehavioral and neurochemical anomalies in middle-aged rats after maternal diazinon exposure. Hawkey, AB; Holloway, Z; Kenou, B; Levin, ED; Pippen, E; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, 2022)	2.39
"Diazinon (DZN) is a commonly used organophosphorus pesticide that was recently found to cause hippocampal degeneration in rodents. "	( Integrated strategy of network pharmacology and in vitro screening to identify mechanism of diazinon-induced hippocampal neurotoxicity. Bi, H; Li, J, 2022)	2.38
"Diazinon (DZN) is a refractory organophosphorus pesticide (OP) in the surrounding environment due to its overuse in agriculture. "	( Epigallocatechin gallate improves meiosis maturation against Diazinon exposure in porcine oocytes. Gai, Y; Ge, ZJ; He, ZJ; Huang, G; Shen, W; Wang, N; Wang, SG; Yin, S; Zhao, M, 2023)	2.59
"Diazinon is an organophosphate pesticide (OP) that has significant potential for accidental and intentional poisoning of wildlife, domestic animals and humans. "	( The relationship between the cholinergic mechanism of toxicity and oxidative stress in rats during subacute diazinon poisoning. Borozan, N; Borozan, S; Ivanović, SR; Miladinović, DĆ; Živković, I, 2023)	2.57
"Diazinon is a widely-used organophosphate pesticide. "	( Gestational and perinatal exposure to diazinon causes long-lasting neurobehavioral consequences in the rat. Greengrove, E; Hawkey, A; Holloway, Z; Kenou, B; Kim, J; Levin, ED; Pippen, E; White, H, 2020)	2.27
"Diazinon is a pesticide with toxic effects on humans, such as the inhibition of acetylcholine."	( A Biosensor for the Detection of Acetylcholine and Diazinon. Bonini, A; Di Francesco, F; Herrera, EG; Kirchhain, A; Melai, B; Poma, N; Salvo, P; Santalucia, D; Vivaldi, F, 2019)	1.49
"Diazinon is a typical phosphorothionate, which is widely used to prevent and control harmful organisms that endanger the agriculture productions. "	( Rapid and sensitive detection of diazinon in food based on the FRET between rare-earth doped upconversion nanoparticles and graphene oxide. Ali, S; Chen, Q; Li, H; Ouyang, Q; Rong, Y, 2020)	2.28
"Diazinon poisoning is an important issue in occupational, clinical, and forensic toxicology. "	( Experimental central composite design-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for HPLC-DAD determination of diazinon in human urine samples: method development and validation. Dogaheh, MA; Kazemipour, M; Mohammadzaheri, R; Soltaninejad, K, 2020)	2.21
"Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate insecticide that affects the liver adversely. "	( The hydroalcoholic extract of Hamzeh, M; Karimpour Malekshah, A; Talebpour Amiri, F; Yaghubi Beklar, S, 2021)	2.06
"Diazinon (DZN) is a broad-spectrum insecticide extensively used to control pests in crops and animals. "	( Diazinon impairs bioenergetics and induces membrane permeability transition on mitochondria isolated from rat liver. Bizerra, PFV; Guimarães, ARJS; Mingatto, FE; Miranda, CA, 2020)	3.44
"Diazinon is a synthetic molecule known as an organophosphorus insecticide. "	( A selective method for quantification of diazinon in human plasma by GC-MS. Badrane, N; Bencheikh, RS; Birich, B; Daoud, NA; El Hajjaji, S; Ghandi, M, 2020)	2.27
"Diazinon is a common organophosphate pesticide widely used to control parasitic infections in agriculture. "	( Diazinon exposure produces histological damage, oxidative stress, immune disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Chu, W; Jiang, Y; Tang, J; Wang, W, 2021)	3.51
"Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate pesticide that is commonly used in agriculture worldwide, including in Iran, and unfortunately, it leads to a variety of negative effects on the environment, animals, and humans. "	( The protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid on the expression of collagen IV, renal function, and oxidative stress induced by diazinon in the renal parenchyma of rat. Anbarkeh, FR; Delavar, A; Jalali, M; Nikravesh, MR; Valokola, MG, )	1.78
"Diazinon is an organophosphorus pesticide, which may have potential toxic effects on the liver and immune system; however, the underlying mechanisms remain mostly unidentified. "	( Diazinon toxicity in hepatic and spleen mononuclear cells is associated to early induction of oxidative stress. Girón-Pérez, MI; Mary, VS; Rubinstein, HR; Theumer, MG; Toledo-Ibarra, GA, 2022)	3.61
"Diazinon (DZN) is a commonly used organophosphorus pesticide. "	( Evaluation of the Postnatal Effects Induced by Diazinon on the Growth of the Mice Offspring and the Development of Their Cerebellar Cortex. Hashem, HR, 2022)	2.42
"Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide that has been widely used in the USA and in California resulting in contamination of surface waters. "	( A review of diazinon use, contamination in surface waters, and regulatory actions in California across water years 1992-2014. Goh, KS; Singhasemanon, N; Wang, D, 2017)	2.28
"Diazinon (Dz) is a widely used insecticide. "	( Protective effect of captopril against diazinon induced nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity via inhibition of ROS-NO pathway. Arab-Nozari, M; Mohammadi, H; Shaki, F; Vahidirad, M; Zamani, E, 2018)	2.19
"Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate insecticide that has cytotoxic and pathological effects on the reproductive system. "	( Mechanisms of diazinon effects on impaired spermatogenesis and male infertility. Harchegani, AB; Kabootaraki, HB; Rahmani, A; Rostami, H; Shahriary, A; Tahmasbpour, E, 2018)	2.28
"Diazinon is an organophosphate insecticide that is detected in the environment, and whose efficacy is a result of inhibition of the acetylcholine esterase enzyme at neuromuscular junctions and synapses of the nervous system."	( The effects of continuous diazinon exposure on growth and reproduction in Japanese medaka using a modified Medaka Extended One Generation Reproduction Test (MEOGRT). Etterson, M; Flynn, K; Hammermeister, D; Johnson, R; Lothenbach, D; Swintek, J; Whiteman, F, 2018)	1.5
"Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate pesticide characterized by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE) (E.C. "	( Effect of diazinon, an organophosphate pesticide, on signal transduction and death induction in mononuclear cells of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). Covantes-Rosales, CE; Díaz-Resendiz, KJG; Girón-Pérez, MI; Ortiz-Lazareno, PC; Toledo-Ibarra, GA; Trujillo-Lepe, AM; Ventura-Ramón, GH, 2019)	2.36
"Diazinon is an organophosphorous pesticide with a prominent toxicity on many body organs. "	( Melatonin protects against diazinon-induced neurobehavioral changes in rats. Ahmed, HI; Ahmed, MA; El-Morsy, EM, 2013)	2.13
"Diazinon (DZN) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide. "	( Protective effect of crocin on diazinon induced vascular toxicity in subchronic exposure in rat aorta ex-vivo. Abnous, K; Hosseinzadeh, H; Imenshahidi, M; Razavi, BM, 2014)	2.13
"Diazinon is a reproductive toxicant for male offsprings if exposed during prenatal and postnatal phases."	( Prenatal and postnatal exposure to diazinon and its effect on spermatogram and pituitary gonadal hormones in male offspring of rats at puberty and adulthood. D'Souza, UJ; Jayachandra, S, 2014)	1.4
"Diazinon (DZN) is a common organophosphorus insecticide extensively used for agriculture and veterinary purposes. "	( Synergistic ameliorative effects of sesame oil and alpha-lipoic acid against subacute diazinon toxicity in rats: hematological, biochemical, and antioxidant studies. Abdel-Daim, MM; El-Sayed, YS; Ghazy, EW; Taha, R, 2016)	2.1
"Diazinon is a widely used organophosphorus insecticide often detected in the environment. "	( Diazinon degradation by a novel strain Ralstonia sp. DI-3 and X-ray crystal structure determination of the metabolite of diazinon. Liu, Y; Wang, G, 2016)	3.32
"Diazinon (DZ) is an organophosphorus insecticide that acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. "	( Blockage of both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of diazinon-induced apoptosis in PaTu cells by magnesium oxide and selenium nanoparticles. Abdollahi, M; Baeeri, M; Kebriaeezadeh, A; Mahboudi, H; Navaei-Nigjeh, M; Rahimifard, M; Shahverdi, AR; Shiri, M, )	1.82
"Diazinon is an organophosphorus (OP) insecticide and is widely used not only in agriculture but also homes and garden in Japan. "	( Modulation of immunological activity on macrophages induced by diazinon. Atsumi, K; Hasegawa, Y; Hashimoto, N; Kawabe, T; Kawamura, N; Kusatsugu, Y; Matsushima, M; Ochi, H; Ogasawara, N; Oyabu, S; Ueyama, J; Yamaguchi, T, 2017)	2.14
"Diazinon is an Organophosphate Insecticide (OPI) is commonly used in agriculture to protect of crops and to control pests in home gardens and farms. "	( The potential toxicity of diazinon on physiological factors in male rat. Alahyary, P; Azarbaijani, FF; Nejati, V; Poor, MI, 2008)	2.09
"Diazinon is a widely used organophosphorus pesticide in agriculture and environmental health, hence its adverse effects on nontarget animals, especially on fish is to be determined. "	( Effects of diazinon on antioxidant defense system and lipid peroxidation in the liver of Cyprinus carpio (L.). Oruc, E, 2011)	2.2
"Diazinon (DI) is a widely used pesticide in agriculture, resulting in environmental deleterious effects on neural systems. "	( Diazinon-induced brain toxicity and protection by vitamins E plus C. Altuntas, I; Yilmaz, M; Yilmaz, N, 2012)	3.26
"Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphate pesticide widely used in agricultural to control insects and in veterinary medicine to control ectoparasites. "	( The role of oxidative stress in diazinon-induced tissues toxicity in Wistar and Norway rats. Abasnezhad, M; Ahmadi, S; Asgari, A; Hajigholamali, M; Jafari, M; Salehi, M, 2012)	2.11
"Diazinon is an organophosphate pesticide that is still heavily used in agriculture, home gardening, and indoor pest control in Japan. "	( Impairment of novel object recognition in adulthood after neonatal exposure to diazinon. Ahmed, S; Fujimaki, H; Nakajima, D; Win-Shwe, TT, 2013)	2.06
"Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide (OPP) that is used as a pesticide for Chilo suppressalis (WLK) (Lep., Pyralidae) in rice fields. "	( Monitoring of the pesticide diazinon in soil, stem and surface water of rice fields. Ghassempour, A; Mohammadkhah, A; Najafi, F; Rajabzadeh, M, 2002)	2.05
"Diazinon is an organophosphate (OP)-based, anticholinesterase insecticide that irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity and produces cholinergic stimulation in central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues. "	( Influence of gender on thermoregulation and cholinesterase inhibition in the long-evans rat exposed to diazinon. Gordon, CJ; Mack, CM, 2003)	1.98
"Diazinon is a broad organophosphate insecticide used in agricultural and other treatments, resulting in widespread water contamination. "	( Assessment of novel diazinon immunoassays for water analysis. Brun, EM; Escuín, E; Garcés-García, M; Maquieira, A; Morais, S; Puchades, R, 2004)	2.09
"Diazinon (DZN) is an organophosphorus pesticide with the possibility for widespread exposures. "	( Physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon. Dennison, SL; Kousba, AA; Poet, TS; Timchalk, C, 2004)	1.98
"Diazinon (D) is an organophosphorate synthetic insecticide widely used in the world. "	( Melatonin as protective agent for the cytotoxic effects of diazinon in the spermatogenesis in the earthworm Eisenia foetida. Bustos-Obregón, E; Espinoza, O; González, JR, 2005)	2.01
"Diazinon is a known anti-cholinesterase, but there is limited information regarding its molecular mechanism of action."	( The effects of diazinon and cypermethrin on the differentiation of neuronal and glial cell lines. Flaskos, J; Hargreaves, AJ; Harris, W; Muñoz, D; Sachana, M; Tack, J, 2007)	1.41
"Diazinon is a widely used pesticide in agriculture. "	( Diazinon toxicity affects histophysiological and biochemical parameters in rabbits. El-Banna, SG; Okab, AB; Yehia, MA, 2007)	3.23
"Diazinon is an organophosphorus insecticide which, through general use, comes into contact with human skin. "	( Percutaneous absorption of diazinon in humans. Logan, F; Maibach, HI; Melendres, J; Russell, I; Sedik, L; Wester, RC, 1993)	2.03
"Diazinon is an organophosphorus compound (OP) widely used in pesticides. "	( Electrophysiological and biochemical effects of single and multiple doses of the organophosphate diazinon in the mouse. Blain, PG; de Blaquière, GE; Waters, L; Williams, FM, 2000)	1.97
"Diazinon is an organophosphorous pesticide widely found in municipal effluents as well as in agricultural and urban storm-water discharges. "	( Joint acute toxicity of diazinon and ammonia to Ceriodaphnia dubia. Bailey, HC; Elphick, JR; Krassoi, R; Lovell, A, 2001)	2.06

Effects

Diazinon has a K(oc) value of 40-432 and is considered to be moderately mobile in soils. It has a greater effect on porphyrin biosynthesis in the cultures than has d Diazinon.

Diazinon has been known to induce neurotoxic effects mainly through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Diazinon (DZN) has been used for several years in agriculture and urban applications leading to a variety of negative effects on health. IsodiazInon has a greater effect on porphyrin biosynthesis in the cultures than has diazinone.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Diazinon has a K(oc) value of 40-432 and is considered to be moderately mobile in soils."	( Diazinon-chemistry and environmental fate: a California perspective. Aggarwal, V; Deng, X; Goh, KS; Tuli, A, 2013)	2.55
"Isodiazinon has a greater effect on porphyrin biosynthesis in the cultures than has diazinon."	( Separation of impurities in diazinon preparations and their effect on porphyrin biosynthesis in tissue culture. Elder, GH; Elsbury, S; Jackson, AH; Nichol, AW; Rao, KR, 1982)	1.07
"Diazinon has been known to induce neurotoxic effects mainly through the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE)."	( Diazinon exposure activated transcriptional factors CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins α (C/EBPα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and induced adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Smith, A; Yin, L; Yu, X, 2018)	2.64
"Diazinon (DZN) has been used for several years in agriculture and urban applications leading to a variety of negative effects on health. "	( Simultaneous administration of hesperidin or garlic oil modulates diazinon-induced hemato- and immunotoxicity in rats. Abdel Gaffar, F; Abdel Latif, H; El-Elaimy, I; Hassouna, I; Ibrahim, H, 2015)	2.1
"Diazinon has been reported to increase TNF-α production in rat serum and brain, suggesting that it can modify the proinflammatory response."	( Modulation of immunological activity on macrophages induced by diazinon. Atsumi, K; Hasegawa, Y; Hashimoto, N; Kawabe, T; Kawamura, N; Kusatsugu, Y; Matsushima, M; Ochi, H; Ogasawara, N; Oyabu, S; Ueyama, J; Yamaguchi, T, 2017)	1.42
"Diazinon has been used extensively in the past as part of California eradication programs for tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) as a soil drench, but it is being phased out for this purpose in the United States. "	( An evaluation of alternative insecticides to diazinon for control of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in soil. Stark, JD; Vargas, R, 2009)	2.06
"Diazinon has a K(oc) value of 40-432 and is considered to be moderately mobile in soils."	( Diazinon-chemistry and environmental fate: a California perspective. Aggarwal, V; Deng, X; Goh, KS; Tuli, A, 2013)	2.55
"Isodiazinon has a greater effect on porphyrin biosynthesis in the cultures than has diazinon."	( Separation of impurities in diazinon preparations and their effect on porphyrin biosynthesis in tissue culture. Elder, GH; Elsbury, S; Jackson, AH; Nichol, AW; Rao, KR, 1982)	1.07
"Diazinon use has significantly increased since its introduction more than four decades ago. "	( Fate and effects of diazinon. Larkin, DJ; Tjeerdema, RS, 2000)	2.07

Actions

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Diazinon levels were lower (0-0.5 ng/mL); non-zero levels were found in 33.3% of maternal plasma and 47.3% of cord plasma."	( Organophosphate pesticide levels in blood and urine of women and newborns living in an agricultural community. Boyd Barr, D; Bradman, A; Eskenazi, B; Harley, K; Holland, N; Huen, K; Yousefi, P, 2012)	1.1

Treatment

Diazinon seed treatment had no significant effect on dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase enzymes activities. Diazinon-treated groups exhibited higher antioxidant activities of SOD, CAT, and T-AOC.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Diazinon-treated groups exhibited higher antioxidant activities of SOD, CAT, and T-AOC."	( Protective effects of HSP Inducer on diazinon-exposed stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) fry: Insights on HSP70 gene expression, immune response, and enzyme indices. Ghafouri, H; Heidari, B; Sohrabi, T; Vahdatiraad, L; Zarei, S, 2023)	1.9
"Diazinon treatment condition was the between subjects factor and time or sessions were repeated measures."	( Gestational and perinatal exposure to diazinon causes long-lasting neurobehavioral consequences in the rat. Greengrove, E; Hawkey, A; Holloway, Z; Kenou, B; Kim, J; Levin, ED; Pippen, E; White, H, 2020)	1.55
"Diazinon treatments had shown stimulatory effects on available nitrogen in both types of treatments."	( Available nitrogen and arginine deaminase activity in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fields after imidacloprid, diazinon, and lindane treatments. Singh, DK; Singh, J, 2005)	1.26
"Diazinon seed treatment had no significant effect on dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase enzymes activities."	( Dehydrogenase and phosphomonoesterase activities in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) field after diazinon, imidacloprid and lindane treatments. Singh, DK; Singh, J, 2005)	1.27
"In diazinon seed treatment, an increase in azotobacter, fungi, and actinomycetes populations was observed in samples from the 15th and 30th days, and this trend continued until crop harvest."	( Bacterial, azotobacter, actinomycetes, and fungal population in soil after diazinon, imidacloprid, and lindane treatments in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fields. Singh, DK; Singh, J, 2005)	1.07
"In diazinon seed treatment, NH4(+), NO3(-), and NO2(-) nitrogen and nitrate reductase activity were not affected."	( Ammonium, nitrate and nitrite nitrogen and nitrate reductase enzyme activity in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) fields after diazinon, imidacloprid and lindane treatments. Singh, DK; Singh, J, 2006)	1.05
"Diazinon-treated animals had a lower percentage of necrotic fibers: 0.40 +/- 0.032 (p < 0.05) compared to the first 2 products, and dichlorvos-treated animals showed the smallest: 0.05 +/- 0.021 (p < 0.05) when compared to the other 3 products."	( Protective effect of pralidoxime on muscle fiber necrosis induced by organophosphate compounds. Calore, EE; Calore, NM; Cavaliere, MJ; da Rosa, AR; Pelegrino, JR; Puga, FR; Weg, R, 1998)	1.02
"The diazinon treatment in liquid and granular formulations did not depress population size or growth rate, or survival rate of voles."	( Response of bobwhite quail and gray-tailed voles to granular and flowable diazinon applications. Edge, WD; Wang, G; Wolff, JO, 2001)	1.02
"The diazinon-treated turf was irrigated with 1.3 cm of water immediately following application."	( American wigeon mortality associated with turf application of diazinon AG500. Brewer, LW; Hitchcock, RR; Kendall, RJ; Mayer, JR, 1992)	1
"Diazinon treated rats gained significantly less weight than Sham-treated controls."	( Diazinon treatment effects on heart and skeletal muscle enzyme activities. Banister, EW; Oloffs, PC; Rajendra, W; Wilkinson, JG, 1986)	2.44
"In diazinon-treated hyperglycaemic animals, the glycogen content of the brain was depleted, the activities of glycogen phosphorylase, phosphoglucomutase and hexokinase were significantly increased and the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase remained unchanged."	( Changes in cerebral glycogenolysis and related enzymes in diazinon treated hyperglycaemic animals. Husain, K; Matin, MA, 1987)	1.03
"Treating diazinon-intoxicated mice with tea and olive leaves extracts or their combination significantly attenuated the severe alterations in these hematobiochemical parameters."	( Effect of tea (Camellia sinensis) and olive (Olea europaea L.) leaves extracts on male mice exposed to diazinon. Abu Zeid, IM; Al-Attar, AM, 2013)	0.99
"Rats treated with diazinon and isodiazinon in combination over the same period show a more marked decrease in liver ferrochelatase activity as well as a decrease in the activity of coproporphyrinogen oxidase."	( The site of inhibition of porphyrin biosynthesis by an isomer of diazinon in rats. Angel, LA; Elder, GH; Elsbury, S; Nichol, AW, 1983)	0.83
"Pretreatment with diazinon completely blocked the serum esterase activity."	( Immunotoxicity of ethyl carbamate in female BALB/c mice: role of esterase and cytochrome P450. Cha, SW; Gu, HK; Han, SS; Jeong, TC; Lee, KP; Lee, MH, 2000)	0.63
"Treatment with diazinon (40 mg/kg, i.p.) resulted in hyperglycemia and depletion of glycogen from cerebral and peripheral tissues 2 hr after its administration in rats. "	( Modification of diazinon-induced changes in carbohydrate metabolism by adrenalectomy in rats. Husain, K; Khan, SN; Matin, MA, 1990)	0.98
"Treatment with diazinon resulted in hyperglycaemia and depletion of glycogen from cerebral and peripheral tissues 2 h after its administration in rats; the changes were maximal after 40 mg/kg diazinon, administered intraperitoneally. "	( Effect of adrenalectomy on diazinon-induced changes in carbohydrate metabolism. Hussain, K; Khan, SN; Matin, MA; Sattar, S, 1989)	0.93

Toxicity

The relative toxic potency of aldrin fenvalerate, captan and diazinon was in a ratio of 6807:241:4:1 respectively. The objective of this study was to study the possible reproductive adverse effects on rat offspring exposed in utero and during lactation.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"For the evaluation of possible adverse effects of compounds in fish at sublethal doses a dynamic system is required."	( A dynamic system for long-term toxicity studies in fish under laboratory conditions. Bathe, R, 1979)	0.26
" The relative toxic potency of aldrin fenvalerate, captan and diazinon was in a ratio of 6807:241:4:1 respectively."	( Relative toxicity of aldrin, fenvalerate, captan and diazinon to the freshwater food-fish, Clarias batrachus. Tripathi, G, 1992)	0.77
"Liver damage in calves, produced by the oral administration of the flukecide, carbon tetrachloride, increased the toxic effect of diazinon but not of levamisole, whereas the presence of a renal tubular lesion caused by mercuric chloride enhanced the toxicity of both commonly used anthelmintic compounds."	( The effect of induced liver, kidney and lung lesions on the toxicity of levamisole and diazinon in calves. Abdelsalam, EB; Ford, EJ, 1987)	0.7
" Diazinon is very toxic for the guppy, because this fish combines a relatively sensitive acetylcholine esterase with a high rate of bioactivation."	( Enzymological differences of AChE and diazinon hepatic metabolism: correlation of in vitro data with the selective toxicity of diazinon to fish species. D'Agostino, G; Gnemi, P; Keizer, J; Nagel, R; Vittozzi, L; Volpe, T, 1995)	1.47
" In comparisons of the toxic effects of PG and its metabolites at concentrations of 2 mM, the parent compound PG was the most toxic."	( Metabolism and cytotoxicity of propyl gallate in isolated rat hepatocytes: effects of a thiol reductant and an esterase inhibitor. Moldéus, P; Nakagawa, Y; Nakajima, K; Tayama, S, 1995)	0.29
"5 times more toxic than dimethoate or abamectin, diazinon was less toxic, and phloxine B (a phototoxic dye) least toxic."	( Toxicity and residual effectiveness of insecticides on insecticide-treated spheres for controlling females of Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae). Clark, JM; Hu, XP; Prokopy, RJ, 2000)	0.56
" We also found that the addition of sera protected the cells from the adverse effects of chlorpyrifos and that the effect could be reproduced by addition of albumin."	( Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos modeled in vitro: comparative effects of metabolites and other cholinesterase inhibitors on DNA synthesis in PC12 and C6 cells. Qiao, D; Seidler, FJ; Slotkin, TA, 2001)	0.31
" Mortalities were measured at 24-h intervals and joint toxicity calculated on the basis of toxic units (TUs) for each toxicant."	( Joint acute toxicity of diazinon and ammonia to Ceriodaphnia dubia. Bailey, HC; Elphick, JR; Krassoi, R; Lovell, A, 2001)	0.62
" The TIE programme indicated that the most likely toxic agents within the effluent were the organophosphate pesticides diazinon and to lesser extent propetamphos, although these did not account for all of the observed toxicity."	( Toxicity reduction evaluation, toxicity identification evaluation and toxicity tracking in direct toxicity assessment. Benstead, R; Chown, P; Girling, AE; Hayes, E; Hutchings, M; Johnson, I; Maddox, R; Thain, J; Thomas, K; Whale, G; Wordon, J, 2004)	0.53
" Runoff from the esfenvalerate-sprayed orchard section was less toxic to waterflea than runoff from the diazinon-sprayed section."	( Toxicity of storm-water runoff after dormant spray application in a french prune orchard, Glenn County, California, USA: temporal patterns and the effect of ground covers. Deanovic, LA; Henderson, JD; Kimball, TS; Krueger, W; Oliver, MN; Wallender, WW; Werner, I; Wilson, BW; Zalom, FG, 2004)	0.54
"Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and are highly toxic to amphibians."	( Comparative toxicity of chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion and their oxon derivatives to larval Rana boylii. Fellers, G; Sparling, DW, 2007)	0.61
" Although wetland concentrations of aqueous diazinon were decreased lower than toxic thresholds after 26 days, decreased ChE activity in deployed clams provided evidence of residual diazinon effects to deployed organisms."	( Assessment of diazinon toxicity in sediment and water of constructed wetlands using deployed Corbicula fluminea and laboratory testing. Bouldin, JL; Cooper, CM; Farris, JL; Moore, MT; Smith, S, 2007)	0.96
" During five surveys of two on-farm VTS ponds, 88% of inlet and outlet water samples were toxic to Ceriodaphnia dubia."	( Use of toxicity identification evaluations to determine the pesticide mitigation effectiveness of on-farm vegetated treatment systems. Anderson, B; Beretti, M; Bern, A; Hunt, J; Largay, B; Phillips, B; Tjeerdema, R, 2008)	0.35
"Acute toxic effects of three commonly used insecticidal preparations of the organophosphates chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and dichlorvos were examined in mixed breed broiler chicks, and cholinesterase activity in plasma and brain were measured."	( Acute toxicity and cholinesterase inhibition in chicks dosed orally with organophosphate insecticides. Al-Badrany, YM; Al-Jobory, MM; Mohammad, FK, 2008)	0.56
" Male rats were treated orally with a single dose of 1/4 LD50 of diazinon."	( The potential toxicity of diazinon on physiological factors in male rat. Alahyary, P; Azarbaijani, FF; Nejati, V; Poor, MI, 2008)	0.88
" Results showed that chlor- pyrifos was cytotoxic at concentrations >/= 250 muM, whereas diazinon was not toxic at concentrations up to 1 mM."	( The cytotoxic effects of the organophosphates chlorpyrifos and diazinon differ from their immunomodulating effects. Duschl, A; Lehmann, I; Oostingh, GJ; Schmittner, M; Wichmann, G, 2009)	0.81
" It was also shown that certain foods could not only act as a sorbent to copper and diazinon, but also as a material of energy source to alleviate the toxic damage."	( Role of food and clay particles in toxicity of copper and diazinon using Daphnia magna. Jeon, J; Kim, SD; Lee, MJ; Lee, SH; Sung Ra, J; Yu, SH, 2010)	0.83
"The toxic effects of diazinon and its irradiated solutions were investigated using cultivated human blood cells (lymphocytes and erythrocytes) and skin fibroblasts."	( Toxic effects of diazinon and its photodegradation products. Colović, M; Franko, M; Joksić, G; Krstić, D; Leskovac, A; Petrović, S; Savić, J; Trebse, P; Vasić, V, 2010)	1.02
"A chronic toxicity bioassay was conducted with the microcrustacean Artemia salina as the testing organism for the toxic organophosphate diazinon in order to determine if the species is an appropriate indicator of pollution in aquatic environments."	( Chronic toxicity bioassay with populations of the crustacean Artemia salina exposed to the organophosphate diazinon. Bustos-Obregon, E; Vargas, A, 2010)	0.78
" Our findings demonstrate that the two OPP parent chemicals and IMP degradate can mediate a number of toxic effects or cellular alterations at very low concentrations."	( Sublethal genotoxicity and cell alterations by organophosphorus pesticides in MCF-7 cells: implications for environmentally relevant concentrations. Halsall, CJ; Llabjani, V; Martin, FL; Ukpebor, J, 2011)	0.37
"The aim of this study was to determine the toxic effect of diazinon (organophosphate insecticide) to embryos of Xenopus laevis and Danio rerio."	( Comparison of diazinon toxicity to embryos of Xenopus laevis and Danio rerio; degradation of diazinon in water. Hajslova, J; Haluzova, I; Kohoutkova, J; Macova, S; Modra, H; Svobodova, Z; Vrskova, D, 2011)	0.97
"To investigate possible joint toxic effects of diazinon, propoxur and bisphenol A (BPA) on proliferation of RAW264."	( [Study of three methods on joint toxicity of diazinon, propoxur and bisphenol A on proliferation of mouse RAW264.7 cell]. Hao, W; Huang, J; Huang, Q; Li, N; Tan, X; Yang, X, 2011)	0.89
" The types of toxic interaction of diazinon & BPA and propoxur & BPA were assessed by three methods commonly used for binary mixtures, which were Additional Index Method, Equivalent Effect Curve Method and Logistic Regression Method."	( [Study of three methods on joint toxicity of diazinon, propoxur and bisphenol A on proliferation of mouse RAW264.7 cell]. Hao, W; Huang, J; Huang, Q; Li, N; Tan, X; Yang, X, 2011)	0.91
"Formulation components of organophosphate insecticidal preparations might affect their toxic action in animals."	( Acute toxicity of veterinary and agricultural formulations of organophosphates dichlorvos and diazinon in chicks. Al-Zubaidy, MH; Hasan, MM; Mohammad, FK; Mousa, YJ, 2011)	0.59
"Our laboratory recently reported that Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 may play a role in the neurotoxic effects in mice exposed to the environmental toxic chemical toluene."	( Involvement of TLR4 in diazinon-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Fujimaki, H; Nakajima, D; Win-Shwe, TT, 2012)	0.69
"A mechanistic toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic model for acute toxic effects (immobilization, mortality) of the organothiophosphate insecticide diazinon in Daphnia magna is presented."	( Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic model for diazinon toxicity--mechanistic explanation of differences in the sensitivity of Daphnia magna and Gammarus pulex. Ashauer, R; Escher, BI; Hollender, J; Kretschmann, A, 2012)	0.84
"The objective of this study was to study the possible reproductive adverse effects of the diazinon on rat offspring exposed in utero and during lactation."	( Pre- and postnatal toxicity of diazinon induces disruption of spermatogenetic cell line evidenced by increased testicular marker enzymes activities in rat offspring. D'Souza, UJ; Jayachandra, S, 2013)	0.9
" However, long-term exposure to pesticide has led to adverse effects on male fertility."	( Lipid peroxidation and decline in antioxidant status as one of the toxicity measures of diazinon in the testis. D'Souza, UJ; Iqbal, M; Leong, CT; Mustapha, ZA, 2013)	0.61
" Crocin improved toxic effects of DZN via reducing lipid peroxidation and restoring altered contractile and relaxant responses in rat aorta."	( Protective effect of crocin on diazinon induced vascular toxicity in subchronic exposure in rat aorta ex-vivo. Abnous, K; Hosseinzadeh, H; Imenshahidi, M; Razavi, BM, 2014)	0.69
" It is noteworthy the remarkable differences found in the concentration which caused lethality with those causing adverse effects on development such as malformations (teratogenic effects)."	( Differential toxicity and uptake of Diazinon on embryo-larval development of Rhinella arenarum. Aronzon, CM; Marino, DJ; Pérez Coll, CS; Ronco, AE, 2014)	0.68
"Although primary toxic action of organophosphorous insecticides is associated with acetylcholinesterase inhibition, later studies suggest that oxidative stress may be responsible for induced organophosphates toxicity."	( In vitro evaluation of neurotoxicity potential and oxidative stress responses of diazinon and its degradation products in rat brain synaptosomes. Avramović, NS; Čolović, MB; Djurić, DM; Gajić, MM; Krstić, DZ; Vasić, VM, 2015)	0.64
"5 µM), it augmented the adverse impact of diazinon on the swimming behavior of Daphnia."	( Toxic effects of combined stressors on Daphnia pulex: Interactions between diazinon, 4-nonylphenol, and wastewater effluent. Kashian, DR; McElmurry, SP; Pitts, DK; Savolainen, PT; Zein, MA, 2015)	0.91
" The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effect of DZ on intestine using an in vitro model (HCT116)."	( Diazinon, an organophosphate pesticide, induces oxidative stress and genotoxicity in cells deriving from large intestine. Abid-Essefi, S; Bacha, H; Ben Fradj, S; Ben Salem, I; Boussabbeh, M; Hamdi, M, 2016)	1.88
" Our findings demonstrate that SO and (or) ALA supplementation can alleviate the toxic effects of DZN via their potent antioxidant and free radical-scavenging activities."	( Synergistic ameliorative effects of sesame oil and alpha-lipoic acid against subacute diazinon toxicity in rats: hematological, biochemical, and antioxidant studies. Abdel-Daim, MM; El-Sayed, YS; Ghazy, EW; Taha, R, 2016)	0.66
" We analyzed the toxic effects of diazinon on histological structure of liver and hematological parameters in male rats."	( Toxicopathic changes and genotoxic effects in liver of rat following exposure to diazinon. Chakroun, S; Cheikh, HB; Ezzi, L; Grissa, I; Haouas, Z; Hassine, M; Kerkeni, E; Mehdi, M; Sakly, A; Salah, IB, 2016)	0.94
" This research aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms of toxic hazards for DZN exposure on cultured porcine ovarian granulosa cells."	( Cytotoxicity and DNA Damage Caused from Diazinon Exposure by Inhibiting the PI3K-AKT Pathway in Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cells. Luo, SM; Ma, JY; Shen, W; Wang, W; Yin, S, 2019)	0.78
" This study investigated the effect of triiodothyronine (T3) to mitigate toxic effects of diazinon in the endangered Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) eggs and embryos."	( Triiodothyronine reduces toxic effects of diazinon in Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) embryos. Farahmand, H; Mojazi Amiri, B; Nazeri, S; Raine, JC, 2019)	1
"The present study was carried out to investigate the toxic effects of diazinon on growth performance, hepato-renal function, antioxidant system, innate immune response and comparing the protective role of dietary Chlorella vulgaris (CV) algae and β-glucan in intoxicated Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)."	( Ameliorative effects of dietary Chlorella vulgaris and β-glucan against diazinon-induced toxicity in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Abdelhamid, FM; Aziza, AE; Elshopakey, GE, 2020)	1.02
" Considering the implication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the OPIs toxicity, the present study was aimed to evaluate the ameliorative properties of basil (BO) and sesame (SO) seed oils against the toxic effect of DZN."	( Comparative immuno-modulatory effects of basil and sesame seed oils against diazinon-induced toxicity in rats; a focus on TNF-α immunolocalization. Emam, MA; Farouk, SM; Gad, FA, 2021)	0.85
"A real-life environment during pregnancy involves multiple and simultaneous exposures to toxic chemicals."	( Combined Exposure to Diazinon and Nicotine Exerts a Synergistic Adverse Effect In Vitro and Disrupts Brain Development and Behaviors In Vivo. Jeong, S; Jeung, EB; Kim, K; Lee, B; Park, SM, 2021)	0.94
"Drinking water quality guideline values for toxic compounds are determined based on their acceptable daily intake."	( Metabolism-Coupled Cell-Independent Acetylcholinesterase Activity Assay for Evaluation of the Effects of Chlorination on Diazinon Toxicity. Kikkawa, Y; Matsui, Y; Matsushita, T; Omori, K; Shirasaki, N, 2021)	0.83
"Diazinon is an organophosphorus pesticide, which may have potential toxic effects on the liver and immune system; however, the underlying mechanisms remain mostly unidentified."	( Diazinon toxicity in hepatic and spleen mononuclear cells is associated to early induction of oxidative stress. Girón-Pérez, MI; Mary, VS; Rubinstein, HR; Theumer, MG; Toledo-Ibarra, GA, 2022)	3.61
" To optimize a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method, the recoveries at each step were evaluated."	( A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method for determination of by-products originating from ozonation of chlorpyrifos and diazinon spiked in cherry tomato and perilla leaf. Kim, YJ; Na, YC; Park, J, 2022)	0.92
" We detected a complex cocktail of 151 individual chemicals and used their toxic unit summation (ΣTU) to assess toxicity for crustaceans and algae."	( Complex chemical cocktail, containing insecticides diazinon and permethrin, drives acute toxicity to crustaceans in mountain lakes. Brack, W; Carmona, E; Krauss, M; Loyau, A; Lutz, K; Machate, O; Moyer, A; Paschke, A; Schmeller, DS; Schulze, T, 2022)	0.97
"A combination of modified quick easy cheap effective rugged and safe extraction approach with carbon nano-onions-based dispersive solid-phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction was developed for the extraction of several pesticides (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, tebuconazole, deltamethrin, permethrin, haloxyfop-methyl, penconazole, and cyhalothrin) from grape before their analysis by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection."	( A modified quick-easy-cheap-effective-rugged-and-safe method involving carbon nano-onions-based dispersive solid-phase extraction and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for pesticides from grapes. Afshar Mogaddam, MR; Farajzadeh, MA; Khosrowshahi, EM; Mokhtari, S; Nemati, M, 2022)	0.9
"Diazinon (DZN), a widely used chemical herbicide for controlling agricultural pests, is an important organophosphorus pesticide and an environmental pollutant which induces toxic effects on living organisms during long-term exposure."	( The significance of thymoquinone administration on liver toxicity of diazinon and cholinesterase activity; a recommendation for prophylaxis among individuals at risk. Amali, A; Danaei, GH; Karami, M; Khorrami, MB; Riahi-Zanjani, B; Sadeghi, M, 2022)	2.4
" Considering the toxic effects on the male genital system of rodents and the possible male reproductive toxicity in humans, it is recommended the decreased use of these pesticides and their replacement for others that show no or few toxic effects for non-target animals."	( Malathion or diazinon exposure and male reproductive toxicity: a systematic review of studies performed with rodents. Delorenzi Schons, D; Leite, GAA, 2023)	1.28
" However, when FAE was administered concurrently, it restored the biochemical parameters to normal levels, reduced the toxic effects of DZN and Pb, and provided protection against testicular histopathological injury."	( Ferulago angulata extract alleviates testicular toxicity in male mice exposed to diazinon and lead. Hajian, M; Naderi, N; Nasr-Esfahani, MH; Nazem, MN; Souri, M, 2023)	1.14

Pharmacokinetics

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Focused in vivo pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in male Sprague-Dawley rats and the data were used to refine the model."	( Physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon. Dennison, SL; Kousba, AA; Poet, TS; Timchalk, C, 2004)	0.54
" The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic impact of acute binary exposures of rats to CPF and DZN was evaluated in this study."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction for a binary mixture of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in the rat. Busby, AL; Hinman, MN; Kousba, AA; Poet, TS; Timchalk, C, 2005)	0.55

Bioavailability

Diazinon bioavailability during latter 30 d of composting that did not correspond to a reduction in solvent-extractable d Diazinon concentrations.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The oral bioavailability was found to be low (35."	( Diazinon toxicokinetics, tissue distribution and anticholinesterase activity in the rat. Descotes, J; Evreux-Gros, C; Wu, HX, 1996)	1.74
" These results indicated a reduction in diazinon bioavailability during latter 30 d of composting that did not correspond to a reduction in solvent-extractable diazinon concentrations."	( Evaluating environmental hazards of land applying composted diazinon using earthworm bioassays. Berry, DF; Leland, JE; Mullins, DE, 2001)	0.82
" As a part of this evaluation process, we have studied the bioavailability of composted delta-2-14C-diazinon and its degradation products to earthworms (Eisenia foetida Savigny) in 30 and 60 d compost amended soil."	( The fate of 14C-diazinon in compost, compost-amended soil, and uptake by earthworms. Berry, DF; Leland, JE; Mullins, DE, 2003)	0.88
" The application of sludge seems to have a complex effect on the degradation of pesticides, determined by the bioavailability and biodegradability of their active ingredient."	( Influence of the application of sewage sludge on the degradation of pesticides in the soil. Aller, A; Estrada, IB; Martín-Villacorta, J; Martínez, O; Morán, A; Sánchez, ME, 2004)	0.32
" Because efflux pumps, as P-glycoprotein (P-gp), serve both as natural defense mechanisms and influence the bioavailability and disposition of drugs, we analyzed the ability of diazinon to act as efflux modulator."	( Effect of organophosphate pesticide diazinon on expression and activity of intestinal P-glycoprotein. Lecoeur, S; Mazallon, M; Videmann, B, 2006)	0.8
" The ability of microorganisms to degrade pesticides is not only controlled by the bioavailability of a chemical but also by their capacity to develop the ability to utilise available chemicals."	( Development of microbial degradation of cypermethrin and diazinon in organically and conventionally managed soils. Fenlon, KA; Jones, KC; Semple, KT, 2007)	0.58
" In the exposure test with food and clay particles, it was revealed that copper was remarkably reduced in the presence of clay particles indicating the change in bioavailability of copper by sorption to clay."	( Role of food and clay particles in toxicity of copper and diazinon using Daphnia magna. Jeon, J; Kim, SD; Lee, MJ; Lee, SH; Sung Ra, J; Yu, SH, 2010)	0.6
" To show the importance of physicochemical properties, the classic QSAR and CoMFA of neonicotinoids and prediction of bioavailability of pesticides in terms of membrane permeability in comparison with drugs are described."	( Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides. Akamatsu, M, 2011)	0.37
"Cyclodextrins (CDs) can improve the apparent solubility and bioavailability of a variety of organic compounds through the formation of inclusion complexes; accordingly, they are suitable for application in innovative remediation technologies of contaminated soils."	( Influence of selected cyclodextrins in sorption-desorption of chlorpyrifos, chlorothalonil, diazinon, and their main degradation products on different soils. Báez, ME; Espinoza, J; Fuentes, E; Silva, R, 2017)	0.68
" Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been proposed as an alternative in remediation technologies based on the separation of contaminants from soils because they could allow a higher bioavailability for their degradation with a low environmental impact."	( Degradation kinetics of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in volcanic and non-volcanic soils: influence of cyclodextrins. Báez, ME; Espinoza, J; Fuentes, E, 2018)	0.75
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51

Dosage Studied

Diazinon increased flight time in pigeons dosed with carbofuran. Cholinesterase activity was reduced in sheep dosed orally with 25 or 50 mg/kg/d for 21 d.

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" As determined by the mean cholinesterase depression activity, the dose-response relationship was true in the 4 treatment groups of older cattle, but was erratic in the 6 groups of calves."	( Toxicologic evaluation of microencapsulated formulation of diazinon applied dermally to cattle. Palmer, JS, 1978)	0.5
" Possible mechanisms for this non-linear dose-response are discussed."	( Postnatal endocrine dysfunction resulting from prenatal exposure to carbofuran, diazinon or chlordane. Avery, DL; Cranmer, JS; Grady, RR; Kitay, JI, )	0.36
" The toxicity of diazinon was increased in calves with a lung lesion caused by oral dosing with tryptophan, an agent implicated in 'fog fever' of cattle."	( The effect of induced liver, kidney and lung lesions on the toxicity of levamisole and diazinon in calves. Abdelsalam, EB; Ford, EJ, 1987)	0.84
" Dosage mortality curve and genetic analyses suggest that dichlorvos (an organophosphorus compound) may select at the dieldrin resistance locus."	( Dieldrin and diazinon resistance in populations of the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina, from sheep-grazing areas and rubbish tips. McKenzie, JA, 1984)	0.64
" Urinary DETP concentrations were sensitive indicators of diazinon exposure and provided quantitative differences between small, large, and acute dosage exposures."	( Diagnostic value of urinary dialkyl phosphate measurement in goats exposed to diazinon. Mount, ME, 1984)	0.74
" The toxic effects were numerically scored in a random blind fashion and the concentrations of individual chemicals to produce a half maximal effect (IC50) in culture were determined from the dose-response curves."	( Cytotoxic responses of selected insecticides in chick ganglia cultures. Obersteiner, EJ; Sharma, RP, 1981)	0.26
"The effect of diazinon and deltamethrine at two dosage levels on male reproductive tissues was studied."	( Influence of diazinon and deltamethrin on reproductive organs and fertility of male rats. Abd el-Aziz, MI; Abd el-Khalik, M; Sahlab, AM, 1994)	1.02
" In rhesus monkeys, over the 7 days after iv dosing (2."	( Percutaneous absorption of diazinon in humans. Logan, F; Maibach, HI; Melendres, J; Russell, I; Sedik, L; Wester, RC, 1993)	0.58
" Oral dosing of diazinon at 75 and 100 mg/kg produced signs of toxicosis in mice characteristic of cholinergic over-stimulation, and the percentages of deaths were 90 and 100%, respectively."	( Medetomidine protection against diazinon-induced toxicosis in mice. Mohammad, FK; Yakoub, LK, 1997)	0.93
" At a dosage of 100 mg/kg BW, atropine was mildly toxic and at 200 mg/kg 2-PAM was severely toxic (but not lethal), whereas at dosages of 50 and 100 mg/kg BW, respectively, the antidotes were at their most effective."	( New treatment regimens in organophosphate (diazinon) and carbamate (methomyl) insecticide-induced toxicosis in fowl. Bellaiche, M; Ershov, E; Hanji, V; Shlosberg, A, 1997)	0.56
" Multiple daily dosing of diazinon caused a cumulative decrease in acetylcholinesterase activity, although to a lesser extent in brain and soleus."	( Electrophysiological and biochemical effects of single and multiple doses of the organophosphate diazinon in the mouse. Blain, PG; de Blaquière, GE; Waters, L; Williams, FM, 2000)	0.82
" On a group basis, there was no statistically significant mean depression in plasma or erythrocyte cholinesterase when compared with pre-exposure levels for either dosing experiment."	( Exposure to the organophosphate diazinon: data from a human volunteer study with oral and dermal doses. Cocker, J; Garfitt, SJ; Jones, K; Mason, HJ, 2002)	0.6
" Core temperature (Tc) and motor activity (MA) were monitored by radiotelemetry in male and female rats of the Long-Evans strain dosed orally with diazinon (0 [corn-oil vehicle], 100, 200, or 300 mg/kg in males and 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg in females)."	( Influence of gender on thermoregulation and cholinesterase inhibition in the long-evans rat exposed to diazinon. Gordon, CJ; Mack, CM, 2003)	0.73
" A controlled study was designed, in which white rabbits of the New Zealand variety were systemically exposed to two dosage levels (15 mg/kg per day and 8 mg/kg per day) of the pesticide, through their drinking water, for a period of 4 months."	( Hair analysis used to assess chronic exposure to the organophosphate diazinon: a model study with rabbits. Tsakalof, AK; Tsatsakis, AM; Tutudaki, M, 2003)	0.55
" However, evaluation of the dose-response relationship across the entire range of effect levels revealed that the mortality induced by the mixture of copper and diazinon supported concentration additivity at higher effect levels."	( Joint acute toxicity of diazinon and copper to Ceriodaphnia dubia. Banks, KE; Matthews, C; Thuesen, KA; Wood, SH, 2003)	0.82
" Male Spraque-Dawley rats were dosed with 1 or 10 mg/kg diazinon by bolus intravenous injection."	( Biological monitoring of diazinon exposure using saliva in an animal model. Fenske, R; Irish, RM; Lu, C, 2003)	0.87
" In plasma, total cholinesterase was inhibited to less than 20% of control by 6 h post dosing with 100 mg/kg."	( Physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon. Dennison, SL; Kousba, AA; Poet, TS; Timchalk, C, 2004)	0.54
" Hair samples from the back of the rats were removed before commencing the experiment and at the end of the dosing period."	( Pesticide hair analysis: development of a GC-NCI-MS method to assess chronic exposure to diazinon in rats. Tsatsakis, AM; Tutudaki, M, )	0.35
" The dose-response curves showed that diazinon was significantly more toxic to goslings in the outdoor test than in the laboratory tests."	( Field evaluation of an avian risk assessment model. Bennett, RS; Borges, SL; Hulse, CS; Leffel, R; Spann, JW; Torrez, M; Vyas, NB; Williams, BI, 2006)	0.6
" The results indicate that there is a significant dose-dependent increase in flight time in pigeons dosed with carbofuran while diazinon exposed pigeons showed little effect."	( Differential toxic effects of Carbofuran and Diazinon on time of flight in pigeons (Columba livia): potential for pesticide effects on migration. Brasel, JM; Collier, AC; Pritsos, CA, 2007)	0.8
" Preincubation with unlabelled pesticide in vitro or dosing of F344 rats with pesticide in vivo resulted in a reduction in subsequent albumin radiolabelling with (3)H-DFP, the decrease in which was used to quantify pesticide binding."	( Albumin binding as a potential biomarker of exposure to moderately low levels of organophosphorus pesticides. Carter, WG; Lister, T; Ray, DE; Tarhoni, MH, 2008)	0.35
" Two out of six chicks died within two hours after treatment with LD50 doses of chlorpyrifos and dichlorvos, whereas LD50 dosing with diazinon caused death in three out of six chicks."	( Acute toxicity and cholinesterase inhibition in chicks dosed orally with organophosphate insecticides. Al-Badrany, YM; Al-Jobory, MM; Mohammad, FK, 2008)	0.55
"We conducted dose-response exposures to compare the lethality of endosulfan, diazinon, and azinphosmethyl in the early-life stages of the Great Basin spadefoot (Spea intermontana) and the Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla)."	( Effects of environmentally relevant concentrations of endosulfan, azinphosmethyl, and diazinon on Great Basin spadefoot (Spea intermontana) and Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla). Bishop, CA; Cheng, K; De Jong Westman, A; Elliott, J; van Aggelen, G, 2010)	0.81
" Results indicate greater dose-response exactitude after 24 hours of exposure to the toxicant."	( Chronic toxicity bioassay with populations of the crustacean Artemia salina exposed to the organophosphate diazinon. Bustos-Obregon, E; Vargas, A, 2010)	0.57
" A clear dose-response relationship was determined between inhibited ChE in adductor muscle of clams and four OPs (methidathion, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, IBP) which are heavily used OPs in Korea."	( Acetylthiocholine (ATC)--cleaving cholinesterase (ChE) activity as a potential biomarker of pesticide exposure in the Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum, of Korea. Choi, JY; Hong, GH; Kim, KT; Ra, K; Shin, KH; Yang, DB; Yu, J, 2011)	0.57
" The influence of dose and dose duration of each pesticide dosage were investigated."	( Diethyl phosphates accumulation in rabbits' hair as an indicator of long term exposure to diazinon and chlorpyrifos. Alegakis, AK; Maravgakis, G; Stivaktakis, PD; Tsatsakis, AM; Tzatzarakis, MN, 2012)	0.6
" The objective of this study was to examine and compare the acute toxicity and cholinesterase inhibition in seven to 14-day-old chicks dosed orally with dichlorvos and diazinon in standard veterinary and agricultural formulations."	( Acute toxicity of veterinary and agricultural formulations of organophosphates dichlorvos and diazinon in chicks. Al-Zubaidy, MH; Hasan, MM; Mohammad, FK; Mousa, YJ, 2011)	0.78
"5% of the initial dosage of CP, FT, and PT, respectively was degraded within 14 days."	( Biodegradation and bioremediation potential of diazinon-degrading Serratia marcescens to remove other organophosphorus pesticides from soils. Cycoń, M; Piotrowska-Seget, Z; Wójcik, M; Żmijowska, A, 2013)	0.65
" Diazinon was applied to grapes at the recommended dosage (0."	( Diazinon residues and degradation kinetics for grapes under field conditions. Talebi, K; Torabi, E, 2013)	2.74
"In dose-response analysis, regression analysis and hypothesis testing are the main tools of choice."	( Reconsidering sufficient and optimal test design in acute toxicity testing. Jager, T, 2014)	0.4
" The average extraction efficiency of diazinon under optimal conditions (CMK-3 dosage = 25 mg, sample flow rate = 2."	( Application of response surface methodology for optimization of trace amount of diazinon preconcentration in natural waters and biological samples by carbon mesoporous CMK-3. Bahramifar, N; Barzoki, HR; Beirami, S, 2017)	0.95
" The PBK models were defined based on kinetic constants derived from in vitro incubations with liver fractions or plasma of rat and human, and were used to translate in vitro concentration-response curves for AChE inhibition obtained in the current study to predicted in vivo dose-response curves."	( Physiologically based kinetic modelling based prediction of in vivo rat and human acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition upon exposure to diazinon. Rietjens, IMCM; Spenkelink, B; Wesseling, S; Zhao, S, 2021)	0.82
" Therefore, awareness should be created about the high prevalence as well as the application, dosage and dilution of the acaricides to pastoralists, community animal health workers and para veterinarians in the study area."	( Prevalence of cattle ixodid ticks and acaricides efficacy evaluation in Amibara district of Afar Region, Ethiopia. Aregawi, WG; Bayisa, L; Gutema, F; Hailemariam, T; Tesfaye, J, 2023)	0.91

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Role	Description
agrochemical	An agrochemical is a substance that is used in agriculture or horticulture.
acaricide	A substance used to destroy pests of the subclass Acari (mites and ticks).
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor	An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of cholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8).
nematicide	A substance used to destroy pests of the phylum Nematoda (roundworms).
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor	An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), which helps breaking down of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid.
xenobiotic	A xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means.
environmental contaminant	Any minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
organic thiophosphate
pyrimidines	Any compound having a pyrimidine as part of its structure.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, HADH2 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.1623	0.0251	20.2376	39.8107	AID886
Chain B, HADH2 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.1623	0.0251	20.2376	39.8107	AID886
acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	52.7489	0.0025	41.7960	15,848.9004	AID1347395; AID1347397; AID1347398; AID1347399
USP1 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	50.1187	0.0316	37.5844	354.8130	AID504865
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	35.4813	0.0112	12.4002	100.0000	AID1030
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0100	0.0013	18.0743	39.8107	AID926; AID938
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.5344	0.0010	22.6508	76.6163	AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893
progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	69.0083	0.0004	17.9460	75.1148	AID1346795
isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	50.1187	6.3096	27.0990	79.4328	AID602179
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.9772	0.0123	7.9835	43.2770	AID1645841
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.4476	0.0002	14.3764	60.0339	AID588532; AID720692
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	61.1306	0.0030	41.6115	22,387.1992	AID1159553
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	46.9226	0.0008	17.5051	59.3239	AID1159527; AID1159531
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	69.0083	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224841
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	61.6448	0.3758	27.4851	61.6524	AID743217
pregnane X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.1511	0.0054	28.0263	1,258.9301	AID1346982; AID720659
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	30.5196	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID743069; AID743075; AID743080
G	Vesicular stomatitis virus	Potency	1.9497	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.3913	0.0237	23.2282	63.5986	AID743223
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	5.1526	0.0007	23.0674	1,258.9301	AID743085; AID743122
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.2289	0.0017	23.8393	78.1014	AID743083
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	59.9798	0.0016	28.0151	77.1139	AID1259385; AID1259395
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	26.2667	0.0578	21.1097	61.2679	AID1159526; AID1159528
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0050	0.3162	12.4435	31.6228	AID924
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	23.9334	0.0003	23.4451	159.6830	AID743065; AID743067
heat shock protein beta-1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.8724	0.0420	27.3789	61.6448	AID743210
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	2.3109	5.8048	36.1306	65.1308	AID540253
snurportin-1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	2.3109	5.8048	36.1306	65.1308	AID540253
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	48.5577	0.0006	27.2152	1,122.0200	AID743202
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	2.3109	5.8048	16.9962	25.9290	AID540253
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	5.0119	0.0316	10.2792	39.8107	AID884; AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.9497	0.0033	9.1582	39.8107	AID1645842
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.9497	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	48.5577	0.0023	19.5956	74.0614	AID651631
Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0050	0.3162	11.4157	31.6228	AID924
Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0050	0.3162	11.4157	31.6228	AID924
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	22.3872	3.9811	46.7448	112.2020	AID720708
GABA theta subunit	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.9497	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	5.0119	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.9497	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	1.9000	0.0000	0.9332	10.0000	AID1127083
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagy	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-beta	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replication	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasis	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell anergy	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
detection of bacterium	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-12 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-6 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dendritic cell differentiation	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replication	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespan	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
viral process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibiotic	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behavior	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-C	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin D	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processing	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell-matrix adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate junction assembly	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
embryo implantation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endothelial cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid storage	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
response to activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
smooth muscle cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-substrate adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
activation of protein kinase activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid transport	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of protein localization	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of osteoblast proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
heterotypic cell-cell adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
tube development	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
wound healing, spreading of epidermal cells	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
apolipoprotein A-I-mediated signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
wound healing	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
apoptotic cell clearance	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of bone resorption	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesis	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone resorption	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cell	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
mesodermal cell differentiation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipoprotein metabolic process	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative chemotaxis	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of serotonin uptake	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis involved in wound healing	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet aggregation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to mechanical stimulus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glomerular mesangial cell proliferation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of postsynaptic specialization structure	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathway	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of trophoblast cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of extracellular matrix organization	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell migration	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte migration	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-matrix adhesion	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin-mediated signaling pathway	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
angiogenesis	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell adhesion	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion mediated by integrin	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of receptor recycling	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
osteoblast development	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine catabolic process	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
nervous system development	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse assembly	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor internalization	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
amyloid precursor protein metabolic process	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein secretion	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
retina development in camera-type eye	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
calcium-ion regulated exocytosis	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of exocytosis	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin secretion	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of insulin secretion	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle cycle	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretion	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate metabolic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cytokine activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
peptide antigen binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
p53 binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast growth factor binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
C-X3-C chemokine binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
insulin-like growth factor I binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
neuregulin binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
virus receptor activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
fibronectin binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein disulfide isomerase activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase C binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
coreceptor activity	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion molecule binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
fibrinogen binding	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
metal ion binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular matrix binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular adaptor activity	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
fibrinogen binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin binding	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
amyloid-beta binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholinesterase activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
cholinesterase activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
serine hydrolase activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
laminin binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP binding	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-macromolecule adaptor activity	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
small GTPase binding	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol heptakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 1-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular space	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein complex	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replication fork	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
PML body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapse	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell-cell junction	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodium membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
filopodium membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
microvillus membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
ruffle membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphav-beta3 complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
melanosome	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membrane	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
glycinergic synapse	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-PKCalpha complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-IGF-1-IGF1R complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-HMGB1 complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alphav-beta3 integrin-vitronectin complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM8 complex	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Integrin beta-3	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
focal adhesion	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet alpha granule membrane	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin alphaIIb-beta3 complex	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
blood microparticle	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
integrin complex	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	Integrin alpha-IIb	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
extracellular region	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
basement membrane	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular junction	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic cleft	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
side of membrane	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
cytosol	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
hippocampal mossy fiber to CA3 synapse	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	Homo sapiens (human)
fibrillar center	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504749	qHTS profiling for inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum proliferation	2011	Science (New York, N.Y.), Aug-05, Volume: 333, Issue:6043	Chemical genomic profiling for antimalarial therapies, response signatures, and molecular targets.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347098	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-SH cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347108	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh41 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347407	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS Pharmaceutical Collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347154	Primary screen GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347104	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for RD cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347095	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB-EBc1 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347425	Rhodamine-PBP qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1347106	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for control Hh wild type fibroblast cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347096	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for U-2 OS cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347100	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for LAN-5 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347099	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for NB1643 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347105	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for MG 63 (6-TG R) cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347424	RapidFire Mass Spectrometry qHTS Assay for Modulators of WT P53-Induced Phosphatase 1 (WIP1)	2019	The Journal of biological chemistry, 11-15, Volume: 294, Issue:46	Physiologically relevant orthogonal assays for the discovery of small-molecule modulators of WIP1 phosphatase in high-throughput screens.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347090	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for DAOY cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347091	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SJ-GBM2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347089	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for TC32 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347093	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for SK-N-MC cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347092	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for A673 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347097	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Saos-2 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347102	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh18 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347103	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for OHS-50 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347101	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-12 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347094	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for BT-37 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID1347107	qHTS of pediatric cancer cell lines to identify multiple opportunities for drug repurposing: Primary screen for Rh30 cells	2018	Oncotarget, Jan-12, Volume: 9, Issue:4	Quantitative high-throughput phenotypic screening of pediatric cancer cell lines identifies multiple opportunities for drug repurposing.
AID288185	Permeability coefficient through artificial membrane in presence of stirred water layer	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 15, Issue:11	QSAR study on permeability of hydrophobic compounds with artificial membranes.
AID1127083	Inhibition of AChE (unknown origin) by Ellman colorimetric method	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-06, Volume: 78	Design, synthesis, acetylcholinesterase inhibition and larvicidal activity of girgensohnine analogs on Aedes aegypti, vector of dengue fever.
AID1091389	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as HX-dG adducts measured per 10'9 nucleotides using [32P]labeling based autoradiography	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091957	Apparent permeability of the compound by PAMPA	2011	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 59, Issue:7	Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
AID288189	Permeability from basolateral to apical side of the Caco-2 cell membrane	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 15, Issue:11	QSAR study on permeability of hydrophobic compounds with artificial membranes.
AID288191	Membrane retention in permeability experiment with artificial membrane	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 15, Issue:11	QSAR study on permeability of hydrophobic compounds with artificial membranes.
AID1091360	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A5 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using HX-dG internal standard using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated c	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091367	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A4 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091363	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A2 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using HX-dG internal standard using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated c	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091956	Apparent hydrophobicity, log D of the compound in Octanol-buffer	2011	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 59, Issue:7	Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
AID1091386	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as HNE-dG adducts measured per 10'9 nucleotides using [32P]labeling based autoradiography (Rvb = 2 no unit)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091371	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as HNE-dG adducts using [32P]labeling based autoradiography (Rvb = 34 cpm)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091364	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A1 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using HX-dG internal standard using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated c	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091366	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A5 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091361	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A4 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using HX-dG internal standard using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated c	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID288184	Permeability coefficient through artificial membrane in presence of unstirred water layer by PAMPA	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 15, Issue:11	QSAR study on permeability of hydrophobic compounds with artificial membranes.
AID1091958	Hydrophobicity, log P of the compound in octanol-water by shaking-flask method	2011	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 59, Issue:7	Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
AID1091370	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A1 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091362	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A3 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using HX-dG internal standard using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated c	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091383	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as HX-dG adducts using [32P]labeling based autoradiography	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091368	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A3 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1112030	Insecticidal activity against Drosophila suzukii assessed as mortality at 1.1 g/ha by direct application at 22 degC measured after 24 hr	2011	Pest management science, Nov, Volume: 67, Issue:11	Laboratory and field comparisons of insecticides to reduce infestation of Drosophila suzukii in berry crops.
AID288192	Partition coefficient, log P of the compound	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 15, Issue:11	QSAR study on permeability of hydrophobic compounds with artificial membranes.
AID288188	Permeability from apical to basolateral side of the Caco-2 cell membrane	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 15, Issue:11	QSAR study on permeability of hydrophobic compounds with artificial membranes.
AID1091365	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A6 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091359	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A6 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using HX-dG internal standard using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated c	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1091955	Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound at pH 7.3	2011	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Apr-13, Volume: 59, Issue:7	Importance of physicochemical properties for the design of new pesticides.
AID1091369	Genotoxicity in Glycine max (soybean) exposed to compound through spray 4 times over 2 weeks assessed as relative adduct level A2 measured per 10'9 nucleotides using [32P]labeling based autoradiography relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	DNA adducts as biomarkers for oxidative and genotoxic stress from pesticides in crop plants.
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
AID1159550	Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening	2015	Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11	6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	200 (18.00)	18.7374
1990's	134 (12.06)	18.2507
2000's	301 (27.09)	29.6817
2010's	343 (30.87)	24.3611
2020's	133 (11.97)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	8 (0.69%)	5.53%
Reviews	23 (1.97%)	6.00%
Case Studies	44 (3.77%)	4.05%
Observational	1 (0.09%)	0.25%
Other	1,090 (93.48%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
dinitrochlorobenzene Dinitrochlorobenzene: A skin irritant that may cause dermatitis of both primary and allergic types. Contact sensitization with DNCB has been used as a measure of cellular immunity. DNCB is also used as a reagent for the detection and determination of pyridine compounds.. 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is chlorobenzene carrying a nitro substituent at each of the 2- and 4-positions.	2.13	1	0	C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes	allergen; epitope; sensitiser
acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H).	2.68	3	0	ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.	2.69	3	0	azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant
benzene [no description available]	2.42	2	0	aromatic annulene; benzenes; volatile organic compound	carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; non-polar solvent
carbamates [no description available]	4.28	19	0	amino-acid anion
carnitine [no description available]	7.11	1	0	amino-acid betaine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).	3.17	4	0	alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound	bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas
choline [no description available]	6.97	1	0	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	2.11	1	0	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.	1.95	1	0	chlorine molecular entity; gas molecular entity; hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride	mouse metabolite
coumarin 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative	2.45	2	0	coumarins	fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite
2-cresol 2-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. o-cresol : A cresol that is phenol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.	2.03	1	0	cresol	human xenobiotic metabolite
salicylic acid Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).	2.45	2	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; antifungal agent; antiinfective agent; EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor; keratolytic drug; plant hormone; plant metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	7.66	3	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
diethyl phosphate diethyl phosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd. diethyl hydrogen phosphate : A dialkyl phosphate having ethyl as the alkyl group.	2.01	1	0	dialkyl phosphate	human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
o,o-diethyl phosphorothionate O,O-diethyl phosphorothionate: metabolite of organothiophosphorous insecticides; structure given in first source. O,O-diethyl hydrogen thiophosphate : An organic thiophosphate that is the diethyl ester of phosphorothioic O,O,O-acid.	2.89	4	0	organic thiophosphate	human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
glycine [no description available]	4.87	10	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen Cyanide: Hydrogen cyanide (HCN); A toxic liquid or colorless gas. It is found in the smoke of various tobacco products and released by combustion of nitrogen-containing organic materials.. hydrogen cyanide : A one-carbon compound consisting of a methine group triple bonded to a nitrogen atom	2.21	1	0	hydracid; one-carbon compound	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; poison
hydroquinone [no description available]	2.03	1	0	benzenediol; hydroquinones	antioxidant; carcinogenic agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; skin lightening agent
indole [no description available]	2.03	1	0	indole; polycyclic heteroarene	Escherichia coli metabolite
indoleacetic acid indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.	2.03	1	0	indole-3-acetic acids; monocarboxylic acid	auxin; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant hormone; plant metabolite
kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group.	1.98	1	0	aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline	human metabolite
thioctic acid Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.	3.5	2	0	dithiolanes; heterocyclic fatty acid; thia fatty acid	fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
melatonin [no description available]	3.33	6	0	acetamides; tryptamines	anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
naphthalene [no description available]	2.76	3	0	naphthalenes; ortho-fused bicyclic arene	apoptosis inhibitor; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28.	3.84	11	0	metal allergen; nickel group element atom	epitope; micronutrient
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	2.65	3	0	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	2.48	2	0	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	2.03	1	0	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species	human metabolite
1-octanol 1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1.	1.99	1	0	octanol; primary alcohol	antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite; fuel additive; kairomone; plant metabolite
hydroxide ion [no description available]	2.6	1	0	oxygen hydride	mouse metabolite
parathion [no description available]	5.93	33	0	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite
pentachlorophenol PENTA: structure given in first source	7.71	3	0	aromatic fungicide; chlorophenol; organochlorine pesticide; pentachlorobenzenes	human xenobiotic metabolite
phenol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenylacetic acid phenylacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is toluene in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group.	2.07	1	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid; phenylacetic acids	allergen; Aspergillus metabolite; auxin; EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; toxin
pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.	1.97	1	0	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid	cofactor; fundamental metabolite
quinolinic acid Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan.	1.98	1	0	pyridinedicarboxylic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist
sulfuric acid sulfuric acid : A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom.	7.41	1	0	sulfur oxoacid	catalyst
toluene methylbenzene : Any alkylbenzene that is benzene substituted with one or more methyl groups.	2.06	1	0	methylbenzene; toluenes; volatile organic compound	cholinergic antagonist; fuel additive; neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
tryptamine [no description available]	2.03	1	0	aminoalkylindole; aralkylamino compound; indole alkaloid; tryptamines	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	2.15	1	0	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	7.66	2	0	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
1-aminobenzotriazole [no description available]	2	1	0
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.	2.4	2	0	aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid	fluorescent probe
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4,5-Trichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with strong irritant properties. Use of this compound on rice fields, orchards, sugarcane, rangeland, and other noncrop sites was terminated by the EPA in 1985. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2, 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorines.	2.39	2	0	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; trichlorobenzene	defoliant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines.	8.54	8	0	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; dichlorobenzene	agrochemical; defoliant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
2,4-dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.	2.03	1	0	dinitrophenol	allergen; antiseptic drug; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; geroprotector; oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
4-nonylphenol 4-nonylphenol: structure in first source; see also record for nonylphenol. 4-nonylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol which is para-substituted with a nonyl group.	7.11	1	0	phenols	environmental contaminant
phenytoin [no description available]	2.45	2	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	2.72	2	0	acridines; aromatic amine	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acebutolol Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.	2.45	2	0	aromatic amide; ethanolamines; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
acephate acephate : A phosphoramide that is methamidophos in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by an acetyl group.	2.73	3	0	mixed diacylamine; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide; phosphoramide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	2.45	2	0	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetochlor acetochlor : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N-phenylacetamide carrying an ethyl and a methyl group at positions 2 and 6 respectively on the benzene ring while one of the methyl hydrogens as well as the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen atom have been replaced by a chloro and an ethoxymethyl group respectively.	2.41	2	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
alachlor alachlor : An aromatic amide that is N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide substituted by a methoxymethyl group at at the nitrogen atom while one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a chlorine atom.	2.06	1	0	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
alprenolol Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.	2.45	2	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
theophylline [no description available]	2.72	3	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	2.45	2	0	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
atrazine [no description available]	4.7	27	0	chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
azinphosmethyl Azinphosmethyl: An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor. It has been used as an acaricide and as an insecticide.. azinphos-methyl : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,3-benzotriazine substituted by an oxo group at position 4 and a [(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]methyl group at position 3.	3.88	12	0	benzotriazines; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
bendiocarb bendiocarb: FICAM 80W contains 80% of the above chemical cpd as the active ingredient	7.38	2	0	benzodioxoles; carbamate ester	agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
bentazone bentazone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bentazone : A benzothiadiazine that is 1H-2,1,3-benzothiadiazin-4(3H)-one 2,2-dioxide substituted by an isopropyl group at position 3.	2.06	1	0	benzothiadiazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	2.46	2	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
diminazene Diminazene: An effective trypanocidal agent.. diminazene : A triazene derivative that is triazene in which each of the terminal nitrogens is substituted by a 4-carbamimidoylphenyl group.	1.99	1	0	carboxamidine; triazene derivative	antiparasitic agent; trypanocidal drug
beta-naphthoflavone beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308). beta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone.	2.42	2	0	extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist
caffeine [no description available]	2.78	3	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
carbofuran Carbofuran: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic insecticide, an acaricide, and nematocide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	4.7	9	0	1-benzofurans; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nematicide
cetyltrimethylammonium ion Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups.	2.07	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
chloral hydrate [no description available]	1.97	1	0	aldehyde hydrate; ethanediol; organochlorine compound	general anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; sedative; xenobiotic
chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.. chlorpyrifos : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.	8.92	175	0	chloropyridine; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	7.67	3	0	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	2.45	2	0	clonidine; imidazoline
coumaphos Coumaphos: A organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an anthelmintic, insecticide, and as a nematocide.	5.1	10	1	organic thiophosphate; organochlorine compound; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; antinematodal drug; avicide; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
4-cresol 4-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-cresol : A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals.	2.1	1	0	cresol	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; uremic toxin
cypermethrin cypermethrin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between 3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid and the alcoholic hydroxy group of hydroxy(3-phenoxyphenyl)acetonitrile.. zeta-cypermethrin : A diastereoisomeric mixture comprising the isomeric pair (1R)-cis-(alphaS)- and (1S)-trans-(alphaR)-cypermethrin together with the isomeric pair (1S)-cis-(alphaS)- and (1S)-trans-(alphaS)-cypermethrin where the ratio between the isomeric pairs lies in the range 45:55 to 55:45.	7.99	25	3	aromatic ether; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; nitrile; organochlorine compound	agrochemical; molluscicide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide
desipramine Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.	2.45	2	0	dibenzoazepine; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; cholinergic antagonist; drug allergen; EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
dichlobanil 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile : A nitrile that is benzonitrile which is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 6. A cellulose synthesis inhibitor, it is used as a pre-emergent and early post-emergent herbicide.	2.06	1	0	dichlorobenzene; nitrile	agrochemical; cellulose synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	2.41	1	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
dichlorodiphenyl dichloroethylene Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene: An organochlorine pesticide, it is the ethylene metabolite of DDT.	2.35	2	0	chlorophenylethylene; monochlorobenzenes	human xenobiotic metabolite; persistent organic pollutant
ddt 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane: structure in first source	5.21	16	0	benzenoid aromatic compound; chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	bridged diphenyl acaricide; carcinogenic agent; endocrine disruptor; persistent organic pollutant
dichlorvos Dichlorvos: An organophosphorus insecticide that inhibits ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE.. dichlorvos : An alkenyl phosphate that is the 2,2-dichloroethenyl ester of dimethyl phosphate.	6.62	28	0	alkenyl phosphate; dialkyl phosphate; organochlorine acaricide; organophosphate insecticide	anthelminthic drug; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
dimethoate Dimethoate: An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as a systemic and contact insecticide.. dimethoate : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N-methylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group attached to the carbonyl moiety is replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanediyl group.	5.19	15	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.	7.52	2	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative
benzophenone benzophenone : The simplest member of the class of benzophenones, being formaldehyde in which both hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups.	2.13	1	0	benzophenones	photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
disulfoton Disulfoton: An organothiophosphate insecticide.. disulfoton : An organic thiophosphate that is the diethyl ester of S-[2-(ethylsulfanyl)ethyl] dihydrogen phosphorodithioate.	2.37	2	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
diuron Diuron: A pre-emergent herbicide.. diuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which both of the hydrogens attached to one nitrogen are substituted by methyl groups, and one of the hydrogens attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group.	4.8	9	0	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; dichlorobenzene	environmental contaminant; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; photosystem-II inhibitor; urea herbicide; xenobiotic
ebselen ebselen : A benzoselenazole that is 1,2-benzoselenazol-3-one carrying an additional phenyl substituent at position 2. Acts as a mimic of glutathione peroxidase.	7.07	1	0	benzoselenazole	anti-inflammatory drug; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.25 (inositol-phosphate phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.1 (cytosine deaminase) inhibitor; EC 5.1.3.2 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase) inhibitor; enzyme mimic; ferroptosis inhibitor; genotoxin; hepatoprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger
emodin Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.	7.21	1	0	trihydroxyanthraquinone	antineoplastic agent; laxative; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
endosulfan Endosulfan: A polychlorinated compound used for controlling a variety of insects. It is practically water-insoluble, but readily adheres to clay particles and persists in soil and water for several years. Its mode of action involves repetitive nerve-discharges positively correlated to increase in temperature. This compound is extremely toxic to most fish. (From Comp Biochem Physiol (C) 1993 Jul;105(3):347-61). endosulfan : A cyclic sulfite ester that is 1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepine 3-oxide substituted by chloro groups at positions 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 10.	5.07	13	0	cyclic sulfite ester; cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; persistent organic pollutant
ethion ethion: minor descriptor (73-82); online & Index Medicus search INSECTICIDES, ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATE (73-82). ethion : An organic thiophosphate that is S,S'-methanediyl bis[dihydrogen (phosphorodithioate)] in which all the hydroxy groups have been converted to their corresponding ethyl esters respectively. Ethion is an organophosphate insecticide with inhibitory activity towards the enzyme acetylcholinesterase ( EC 3.1.1.7).	2.75	3	0	organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide
ethoprophos ethoprop: structure	2.46	2	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; antinematodal drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
fenthion Fenthion: Potent cholinesterase inhibitor used as an insecticide and acaricide.. fenthion : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen atom of the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-methyl-4-(methylsulfanyl)phenyl group. It exhibits acaricidal and insecticidal activities.	4.22	18	0	organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
fenvalerate fenvalerate: synthetic pyrethroid; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenvalerate : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation between 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyric acid and cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methanol.	3.52	8	0	aromatic ether; carboxylic ester; monochlorobenzenes	pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide
fipronil fipronil: has low mammalian toxicity; structure given in first source. fipronil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fipronil.. 5-amino-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-4-[(trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl]-1H-pyrazole-3-carbonitrile : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole that is substituted at positions 1, 3, 4, and 5 by 2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, cyano, (trifluoromethyl)sulfinyl, and amino groups, respectively.	2.98	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; dichlorobenzene; nitrile; primary amino compound; pyrazoles; sulfoxide
furafylline [no description available]	2	1	0	oxopurine
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	2.7	3	0	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
glyphosate glyphosate: active cpd in herbicidal formulation Roundup; inhibits EC 2.5.1.19, 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase; structure. glyphosate : A phosphonic acid resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of the methyl group of methylphosphonic acid with the amino group of glycine. It is one of the most commonly used herbicides worldwide, and the only one to target the enzyme 5-enolpyruvyl-3-shikimate phosphate synthase (EPSPS).	8.47	7	0	glycine derivative; phosphonic acid	agrochemical; EC 2.5.1.19 (3-phosphoshikimate 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor; herbicide
heptachlor Heptachlor: A man-made compound previously used to control termites and other insects. Even though production of heptachlor was phased out of use in the United States during the late 1980's it remains in soil and hazardous waste sites. It is clearly toxic to animals and humans but, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has determined that heptachlor is not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans. (From ATSDR Public Heath Statement, April 1989). heptachlor : A cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide that is 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-4,7-methanoindene substituted by chlorine atoms at positions 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 8. Formerly used to kill termites, ants and other insects in agricultural and domestic situations.	2.68	3	0	cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide	agrochemical; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; persistent organic pollutant
ethidium Ethidium: A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide.. ethidium : The fluorescent compound widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry to reveal double-stranded DNA and RNA.	2.04	1	0	phenanthridines	fluorochrome; intercalator
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	2.45	2	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	7.78	3	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	2.45	2	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
indolepropionic acid indolepropionic acid: structure in third source. 3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid : An indol-3-yl carboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group at position 3.	2.03	1	0	indol-3-yl carboxylic acid	auxin; human metabolite; plant metabolite
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	2	1	0	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	2.45	2	0	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
kynurenic acid Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.	1.98	1	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	G-protein-coupled receptor agonist; human metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.	2.45	2	0	benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
malathion Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.	8.43	81	0	diester; ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate
methamidophos methamidophos: structure. methamidophos : An organic thiophosphate resulting from the N-deacylation of the proinsecticide acephate.	3.12	5	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide; phosphoramide	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide
methomyl Methomyl: A carbamate insecticide with anticholinesterase activity.. methomyl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of methylcarbamic acid with the hydroxy group of 1-(methylsulfanyl)acetaldoxime.	8.15	5	0	aliphatic sulfide; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; nematicide; xenobiotic
methyl parathion Methyl Parathion: The methyl homolog of parathion. An effective, but highly toxic, organothiophosphate insecticide and cholinesterase inhibitor.. parathion-methyl : A C-nitro compound that is 4-nitrophenol substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group at position 4.	4.34	20	0	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; antifungal agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; genotoxin
metoclopramide Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.	7.03	1	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; gastrointestinal drug; xenobiotic
metolachlor metolachlor: structure given in first source. metolachlor : A racemate that consists of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-metolachlor.. 2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl)acetamide : An organochlorine compound that is 2-chloroacetamide substituted by a (2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(1-methoxypropan-2-yl) group at the nitrogen atom.	3.54	8	0	aromatic amide; benzenes; ether; organochlorine compound
metoprolol Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; xenobiotic
deet N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of m-toluic acid with the nitrogen of diethylamine. First developed by the U.S. Army in 1946 for use by military personnel in insect-infested areas, it is the most widely used insect repellent worldwide.	2.93	4	0	benzamides; monocarboxylic acid amide	environmental contaminant; insect repellent; xenobiotic
n-amino-n,n-dimethylaminoethanol N-amino-N,N-dimethylaminoethanol: structure given in first source	1.97	1	0
fenamic acid fenamic acid: has chloride and potassium channel-blocking activity; RN given refers to parent cpd. fenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is the N-phenyl derivative of anthranilic acid. It acts as a parent skeleton for the synthesis of several non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.	2.03	1	0	aminobenzoic acid; secondary amino compound	membrane transport modulator
naled Naled: An organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.. naled : An dialkyl phosphate resulting from the formal condensation of the acidic hydroxy group of dimethyl hydrogen phosphate with the alcoholic hydroxy group of 1,2-dibromo-2,2-dichloroethanol. An organophosphate insecticide, it is no longer approved for use within the European Union.	2.38	2	0	dialkyl phosphate; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
norfloxacin Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.	2.45	2	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxprenolol Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2.89	4	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
phorate Phorate: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.. phosphatidylcholine O-34:2 : A glycerophosphocholine that is an alkyl,acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine in which the alkyl or acyl groups at positions 1 and 2 contain a total of 34 carbons and 2 double bonds.	3.74	3	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
phosalone phosalone: structure. phosalone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles carrying a [(diethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]methyl group at the nitrogen atom, an oxo group at position 2 and a chloro group at position 6. It is an organothiophosphate insecticide.	7.03	1	0	1,3-benzoxazoles; carbamate ester; organochlorine insecticide; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	2.45	2	0	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pirenzepine Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	2.45	2	0	pyridobenzodiazepine	anti-ulcer drug; antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
practolol Practolol: A beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has been used in the emergency treatment of CARDIAC ARRYTHMIAS.. practolol : N-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetamide in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 3-(isopropylaminoamino)-2-hydroxypropyl group. A selective beta blocker, it has been used in the emergency treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	2.45	2	0	acetamides; ethanolamines; propanolamine; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist
praziquantel azinox: Russian drug	7.42	2	0	isoquinolines
proadifen Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
prometryne Prometryne: A triazine used as a selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). prometryn : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N,N'-di(propan-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a methylsulfanediyl group at position 6.	2.57	2	0	diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methylthio-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
propanil Propanil: A chlorinated anilide that is used as an herbicide.. propanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of propanoic acid with the amino group of 3,4-dichloroaniline. It is a herbicide used for the treatment of numerous grasses and broad-leaved weeds in rice, potatoes, and wheat.	1.95	1	0	anilide; dichlorobenzene	herbicide
propoxur Propoxur: A carbamate insecticide.. propoxur : A carbamate ester that is phenyl methylcarbamate substituted at position 2 by a propan-2-yloxy group.	3.7	10	0	aromatic ether; carbamate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	2.7	3	0	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
propyl gallate Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.	1.98	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid
ranitidine [no description available]	2.45	2	0	aralkylamine
resmethrin resmethrin: synthetic pyrethroid insecticide used against a variety of insects; online & Index Medicus search PYRETHRUMS (75-76), PYRETHRINS (77-82); Scourge is tradename	2.1	1	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; furans	agrochemical; pyrethroid ester insecticide
simazine Simazine: A triazine herbicide.. simazine : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N,N'-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a chloro group at position 6.	2.77	3	0	chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
fluoroacetic acid fluoroacetic acid: N1 same as NM; RN given refers to parent cpd. fluoroacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by fluorine.	2.03	1	0	haloacetic acid; organofluorine compound	EC 4.2.1.3 (aconitate hydratase) inhibitor
succinylcholine Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.	2.38	2	0	quaternary ammonium ion; succinate ester	drug allergen; muscle relaxant; neuromuscular agent
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.6	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
sulforaphane sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.	2.17	1	0	isothiocyanate; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
temefos Temefos: An organothiophosphate insecticide.. temephos : An organic sulfide that is diphenyl sulfide in which the hydrogen at the para position of each of the phenyl groups has been replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)oxy group.	2.1	1	0	organic sulfide; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; ectoparasiticide
tetracaine Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.	2.01	1	0	benzoate ester; tertiary amino compound	local anaesthetic
tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide: N,N',N'',N'''-Tetraisopropylpyrophosphamide. A specific inhibitor of pseudocholinesterases. It is commonly used experimentally to determine whether pseudo- or acetylcholinesterases are involved in an enzymatic process.	2.43	2	0	phosphoramide
tolazoline Tolazoline: A vasodilator that apparently has direct actions on blood vessels and also increases cardiac output. Tolazoline can interact to some degree with histamine, adrenergic, and cholinergic receptors, but the mechanisms of its therapeutic effects are not clear. It is used in treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn.. tolazoline : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole substituted by a benzyl group.	1.97	1	0	imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
trifluralin Trifluralin: A microtubule-disrupting pre-emergence herbicide.. trifluralin : A substituted aniline that is N,N-dipropylaniline substituted by a nitro groups at positions 2 and 6 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is an agrochemical used as a pre-emergence herbicide.	7.66	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; substituted aniline	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	2.78	3	0	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
urethane [no description available]	2	1	0	carbamate ester	fungal metabolite; mutagen
xanthurenic acid xanthurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at C-4 and C-8.	2.39	2	0	dihydroxyquinoline; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid	animal metabolite; iron chelator; metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist; vesicular glutamate transport inhibitor
corticosterone [no description available]	2.45	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.	2.45	2	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic
piperonyl butoxide [no description available]	3.78	2	1	benzodioxoles	pesticide synergist
bromouracil Bromouracil: 5-Bromo-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione. Brominated derivative of uracil that acts as an antimetabolite, substituting for thymine in DNA. It is used mainly as an experimental mutagen, but its deoxyriboside (BROMODEOXYURIDINE) is used to treat neoplasms.. 5-bromouracil : A pyrimidine having keto groups at the 2- and 4-positions and a bromo group at the 5-position. Used mainly as an experimental mutagen.	2.05	1	0	nucleobase analogue; pyrimidines	mutagen
thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.	2.47	2	0	2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine	antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
carbachol Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.	1.97	1	0	ammonium salt; carbamate ester	cardiotonic drug; miotic; muscarinic agonist; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; non-narcotic analgesic
trichlorfon Trichlorfon: An organochlorophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide for the control of flies and roaches. It is also used in anthelmintic compositions for animals. (From Merck, 11th ed). trichlorfon : A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group.	3.07	5	0	organic phosphonate; organochlorine compound; phosphonic ester	agrochemical; anthelminthic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.	7.79	3	0	2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
diethylnitrosamine Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom.	1.98	1	0	nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; mutagen
isoflurophate Isoflurophate: A di-isopropyl-fluorophosphate which is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor used to investigate the NERVOUS SYSTEM.	2.68	3	0	dialkyl phosphate
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	2.05	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	2.95	4	0	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	2.44	2	0	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.	2.41	1	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cyanides Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide.	2.38	2	0	pseudohalide anion	EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor
physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.	7.71	3	0	carbamate ester; indole alkaloid	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
chlordan Chlordan: A highly poisonous organochlorine insecticide. The EPA has cancelled registrations of pesticides containing this compound with the exception of its use through subsurface ground insertion for termite control and the dipping of roots or tops of non-food plants. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	7.64	3	0	cyclodiene organochlorine insecticide	GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; persistent organic pollutant
aminopyrine Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.	2.45	2	0	pyrazolone; tertiary amino compound	antipyretic; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
adenosine diphosphate Adenosine Diphosphate: Adenosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate). An adenine nucleotide containing two phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety at the 5'-position.	2.03	1	0	adenosine 5'-phosphate; purine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate	fundamental metabolite; human metabolite
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6.	1.95	1	0	tetrachlorophenol	xenobiotic metabolite
phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	2.1	1	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.	2.51	2	0	ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector
phenylethyl alcohol Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.	2.1	1	0	benzenes; primary alcohol	Aspergillus metabolite; fragrance; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
aniline [no description available]	2.45	2	0	anilines; primary arylamine
carbaryl Carbaryl: A carbamate insecticide and parasiticide. It is a potent anticholinesterase agent belonging to the carbamate group of reversible cholinesterase inhibitors. It has a particularly low toxicity from dermal absorption and is used for control of head lice in some countries.. carbaryl : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.	5.45	20	0	carbamate ester; naphthalenes	acaricide; agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant growth retardant
dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane: An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed, p482)	1.95	1	0	chlorophenylethane; monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine insecticide	xenobiotic metabolite
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.	8.06	5	0	erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan	antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	7.02	1	0	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
ethane Ethane: A two carbon alkane with the formula H3C-CH3.. ethane : An alkane comprising of two carbon atoms.	2.13	1	0	alkane; gas molecular entity	plant metabolite; refrigerant
propane Propane: A three carbon alkane with the formula H3CCH2CH3.	2.17	1	0	alkane; gas molecular entity	food propellant
systhane systhane: structure in first source. 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)hexanenitrile : A nitrile that is hexanenitrile substituted at the 2-position by p-chlorophenyl and (1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl groups.	2.1	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; nitrile; triazoles
acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.	2.74	3	0	aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
ethylene oxide Ethylene Oxide: A colorless and flammable gas at room temperature and pressure. Ethylene oxide is a bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal disinfectant. It is effective against most micro-organisms, including viruses. It is used as a fumigant for foodstuffs and textiles and as an agent for the gaseous sterilization of heat-labile pharmaceutical and surgical materials. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p794). oxirane : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is a three-membered heterocycle of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.	1.95	1	0	gas molecular entity; oxacycle; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	allergen; mouse metabolite; mutagen
phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.	2.96	4	0	benzenes; piperidines	anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug
isoprene isoprene: used in manufacture of ''synthetic'' rubber, butyl rubber; copolymer in production of elastomers; structure. isoprene : A hemiterpene with the formula CH2=C(CH3)CH=CH2; the monomer of natural rubber and a common structure motif to the isoprenoids, a large class of other naturally occurring compounds.	1.98	1	0	alkadiene; hemiterpene; volatile organic compound	plant metabolite
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane: see also record for tetrachloroethane. 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane : A member of the class of chloroethanes that is ethane substituted by chloro groups at positions 1, 1, 2 and 2.	2.13	1	0	chloroethanes
bisphenol a 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol: stimulates proliferative responses and cytokine productions of murine spleen cells and thymus cells in vitro. bisphenol : By usage, the methylenediphenols, HOC6H4CH2C6H4OH, commonly p,p-methylenediphenol, and their substitution products (generally derived from condensation of two equivalent amounts of a phenol with an aldehyde or ketone). The term also includes analogues in the the methylene (or substituted methylene) group has been replaced by a heteroatom.. bisphenol A : A bisphenol that is 4,4'-methanediyldiphenol in which the methylene hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.	3.01	4	0	bisphenol	endocrine disruptor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic; xenoestrogen
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	3.75	2	1	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
diethyl phthalate diethyl phthalate: structure. diethyl phthalate : The diethyl ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.	2.03	1	0	diester; ethyl ester; phthalate ester	neurotoxin; plasticiser; teratogenic agent
diquat Diquat: A contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). diquat : The organic cation formed formally by addition of an ethylene bridge between the nitrogen atoms of 2,2'-bipyridine. Most often available as the dibromide.	1.95	1	0	organic cation	defoliant; herbicide
2-nitroaniline [no description available]	2.03	1	0
2-nitrophenol nitrophenol : Any member of the class of phenols or substituted phenols carrying at least 1 nitro group.	2.03	1	0	2-nitrophenols
dinoseb dinoseb: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. dinoseb : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-dinoseb.. 2-(butan-2-yl)-4,6-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol that is 2,4-dinitrophenol substituted by a butan-2-yl group at position 2.	7.03	1	0	dinitrophenol
2,5-dichloronitrobenzene [no description available]	2.03	1	0
diphenyl diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure	2.03	1	0	aromatic fungicide; benzenes; biphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative
mecoprop mecoprop: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is lactic acid in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chloro-2-methylphenyl group.. mecoprop : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-mecoprop.	2.13	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid: A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.. (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.	2.13	1	0	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; monochlorobenzenes	environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
2-chloroaniline [no description available]	2.03	1	0
2-chlorophenol chlorophenol : A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded chlorine atoms.	2.03	1	0	2-halophenol; monochlorophenol
3,4-dichloroaniline 3,4-dichloroaniline : A dichloroaniline having the two chloro-substituents at the 3- and 4-positions.	7.41	2	0	dichloroaniline	epitope; xenobiotic
1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane: RN given refers to cpd with specified locants for bromine & chlorine moieties	2.17	1	0	organochlorine compound
dichlofenthion [no description available]	1.95	1	0	organic thiophosphate
3-nitroaniline 3-nitroaniline: used as a sole source of nitrogen , carbon and energy	2.03	1	0
4-nitroaniline [no description available]	2.03	1	0	nitroaniline	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
boric acid [no description available]	1.96	1	0	boric acids	astringent
2,4-dimethylphenol 2,4-dimethylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2,4-xylenol : A member of the class of phenols that phenol substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 4.	2.03	1	0	aromatic fungicide; phenols	disinfectant; volatile oil component
4-chloroaniline 4-chloroaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-chloroaniline : A chloroaniline in which the chloro atom is para to the aniline amino group.	2.4	2	0	chloroaniline; monochlorobenzenes
4-phenylenediamine 4-phenylenediamine: agent hair dye responsible for contact dermatitis; RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,4-phenylenediamine : A phenylenediamine in which the amino functions are at positions 1 and 4 of the benzene nucleus.	2.25	1	0	phenylenediamine	allergen; dye; hapten; reagent
sarin Sarin: An organophosphorus ester compound that produces potent and irreversible inhibition of cholinesterase. It is toxic to the nervous system and is a chemical warfare agent.. isopropyl methylphosphonofluoridate : A phosphinic ester that is the isopropyl ester of methylphosphonofluoridic acid.. sarin : A racemate composed of equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-sarin. A potent and irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase that is toxic to the nervous system and is employed as a chemical warfare agent.	2.03	1	0	fluorine molecular entity; phosphinic ester
2-methylpentane Hexanes: Six-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives. Various polyneuropathies are caused by hexane poisoning.	2.42	2	0	alkane
3-chloroaniline 3-chloroaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.03	1	0
melamine melamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. melamine : A trimer of cyanamide, with a 1,3,5-triazine skeleton.	2.25	1	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine	xenobiotic metabolite
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	2.1	1	0	pyrrole; secondary amine
thiophenes Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.	2.98	4	0	mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; thiophenes; volatile organic compound	non-polar solvent
n-hexane hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.	2.03	1	0	alkane; volatile organic compound	neurotoxin; non-polar solvent
nonane iotrochotin: toxin from the Caribbean sponge Iotrochota birotulata, which selectively permeabilizes synaptosomes. nonane : A straight chain alkane composed of 9 carbon atoms.	2.06	1	0	alkane	plant metabolite; volatile oil component
obidoxime chloride Obidoxime Chloride: Cholinesterase reactivator occurring in two interchangeable isomeric forms, syn and anti.	1.95	1	0
dicofol Dicofol: An organochlorine insecticide.. dicofol : A tertiary alcohol that is DDT in which the benzylic hydrogen has been replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.43	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine acaricide; tertiary alcohol
hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobenzene: An agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. hexachlorobenzene : A member of the class of chlorobenzenes that is benzene in which all of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the mid-1940s and formerly used as a seed treatment, its use has been banned since 1984 under the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants.	1.95	1	0	aromatic fungicide; chlorobenzenes	antifungal agrochemical; carcinogenic agent; persistent organic pollutant
2,4-dichlorophenol 2,4-dichlorophenol: RN given refers to unlabeled parent+ cpd; structure. 2,4-dichlorophenol : A dichlorophenol that is phenol carrying chloro substituents at positions 2 and 4.	2.03	1	0	dichlorophenol
triethylamine [no description available]	2.6	1	0	tertiary amine
dimethyl phthalate dimethyl phthalate: used as plasticizer in computer mouse; structure	2.03	1	0	diester; methyl ester; phthalate ester
captan Captan: One of the phthalimide fungicides.. captan : A dicarboximide that is 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydrophthalimide in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a trichloromethyl group. A non-systemic fungicide introduced in the 1950s, it is widely used for the control of fungal diseases in fruits, vegetables, and ornamental crops.	7.41	2	0	isoindoles; organochlorine compound; organosulfur compound; phthalimide fungicide	antifungal agrochemical
perylene Perylene: A 20-carbon dibenz(de,kl)anthracene that can be viewed as a naphthalene fused to a phenalene or as dinaphthalene. It is used as fluorescent lipid probe in the cytochemistry of membranes and is a polycyclic hydrocarbon pollutant in soil and water. Derivatives may be carcinogenic.. perylene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene comprising of five benzene rings that is anthracene in which the d,e and k,l sides are fused to benzene rings.	2.25	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene; perylenes
acridines Acridines: Compounds that include the structure of acridine.. acridine : A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.	2.07	1	0	acridines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent; polycyclic heteroarene	genotoxin
isoxazoles Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent.	2.03	1	0	isoxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	2.44	2	0	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
paraoxon [no description available]	3.51	8	0	aryl dialkyl phosphate; organophosphate insecticide	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite
bromacil bromacil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bromacil : A racemate consisting of equimolar concentrations of (R)- and (S)-bromacil.. 5-bromo-3-(butan-2-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione : A pyrimidone that is pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione substituted by a bromo group at position 5, a butan-2-yl group at position 3 and a methyl group at position 6.	2.46	2	0	organobromine compound; pyrimidone
haloxon haloxon: structure	1.99	1	0
linuron Linuron: A selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). linuron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is N-methyl urea substituted by a methoxy group at position 1 and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group at position 3.	7.7	3	0	dichlorobenzene; phenylureas	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
galantamine Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.	2.45	2	0	benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent; benzazepine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antidote to curare poisoning; cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
4-toluenesulfonyl fluoride 4-toluenesulfonyl fluoride: inhibitor of peptide hydrolases; structure in second source	2.05	1	0
chlorfenvinphos Chlorfenvinphos: An organophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and an acaricide.	3.61	9	0	dichlorobenzene; organic phosphate; organochlorine acaricide; organochlorine insecticide; organophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
limestone Calcium Carbonate: Carbonic acid calcium salt (CaCO3). An odorless, tasteless powder or crystal that occurs in nature. It is used therapeutically as a phosphate buffer in hemodialysis patients and as a calcium supplement.. calcium carbonate : A calcium salt with formula CCaO3.	2.04	1	0	calcium salt; carbonate salt; inorganic calcium salt; one-carbon compound	antacid; fertilizer; food colouring; food firming agent
thymoquinone thymoquinone: constituent of cedarwood; can cause dermatitis; structure. thymoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-bezoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are replaced by methyl and isopropyl groups, respectively. It is a natural compound isolated from Nigella sativa which has demonstrated promising chemotherapeutic activity.	2.91	3	0	1,4-benzoquinones	adjuvant; anti-inflammatory agent; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; plant metabolite
mustard gas Mustard Gas: Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).. bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide : An ethyl sulfide that is diethyl sulfide in which a hydrogen from each of the terminal methyl groups is replaced by a chlorine. It is a powerful vesicant regulated under the Chemical Weapons Convention.	2.03	1	0	ethyl sulfide; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; vesicant
chlorobenzilate chlorobenzilate: structure	1.97	1	0	diarylmethane
hesperidin Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.52	2	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; monomethoxyflavanone; rutinoside	mutagen
tryptophol tryptophol : An indolyl alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 1H-indol-3-yl group at position 2.	2.03	1	0	indolyl alcohol	auxin; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	4.96	13	0	dialdehyde	biomarker
3-nitrophenol [no description available]	2.03	1	0	3-nitrophenols
trimesic acid trimesic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid : A tricarboxylic acid that consists of benzene substituted by carboxy groups at positions 1, 3 and 5.	2.25	1	0	benzoic acids; tricarboxylic acid
allethrins Allethrins: Synthetic analogs of the naturally occurring insecticides cinerin, jasmolin, and pyrethrin. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.51	2	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester	pyrethroid ester insecticide
diphenylamine Diphenylamine: In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.. diphenylamine : An aromatic amine containing two phenyl substituents. It has been used as a fungicide for the treatment of superficial scald in apples and pears, but is no longer approved for this purpose within the European Union.	2.03	1	0	aromatic amine; bridged diphenyl fungicide; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; antioxidant; carotogenesis inhibitor; EC 1.3.99.29 [phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming)] inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; radical scavenger
n-hydroxyurethane N-hydroxyurethane: structure	2	1	0
allyl sulfide allyl sulfide: essence of garlic; inhibits CYP2E1	2.11	1	0	organic sulfide
methyl carbamate methyl carbamate : A carbamate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of carbamic acid with methanol.	2	1	0	carbamate ester
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	2.08	1	0	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
thiometon thiometon: minor descriptor (72-85); on-line & Index Medicus search INSECTICIDES, ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATE (72-85); RN given refers to parent cpd	3.14	1	0	organic thiophosphate; organosulfur compound; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
phosmet Phosmet: An organothiophosphorus insecticide that has been used to control pig mange.	2.7	3	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide; phthalimides	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
eptc EPTC: minor descriptor (72-82); online & Index Medicus search HERBICIDES, CARBAMATE (72-82)	2	1	0	tertiary amine
3,4-dichloro-1-butene 3,4-dichloro-1-butene: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.1	1	0
4-cyanophenol 4-cyanophenol: reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor	2.03	1	0	phenols	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
carbophenothion carbophenothion: structure	2.25	1	0	organic sulfide
terbutryne terbutryn : A methylthio-1,3,5-triazine that is 2-(methylsulfanyl)-1,3,5-triazine substituted by a tert-butylamino and an ethylamino group at positions 2 and 4 respectively.	1.98	1	0	diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methylthio-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
fonofos Fonofos: An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.	1.95	1	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
methylparaoxon [no description available]	2.03	1	0	C-nitro compound
methidathion methidathion: widely used on citrus, tobacco, alfalfa, cotton, sorghum & several other crops	3.63	9	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
diazoxon diazoxon: a pesticide; structure. diazoxon : An organic phosphate that is diethyl hydrogen phosphate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 6-methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl group. It is a metabolite of the pesticide diazinon.	4.18	16	0	organic phosphate; pyrimidines	marine xenobiotic metabolite
simetryn simetryn : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N,N'-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a methylthio group at position 6.	2.17	1	0	diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methylthio-1,3,5-triazine	herbicide
endosulfan sulfate [no description available]	2.05	1	0
dimethoxon dimethoxon: pesticide	2.05	1	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
zinc oxide Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock.	1.95	1	0	zinc molecular entity
molybdenum disulfide [no description available]	7.6	1	0	sulfide salt
glycyrrhizic acid glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.	2.21	1	0	enone; glucosiduronic acid; pentacyclic triterpenoid; tricarboxylic acid; triterpenoid saponin	EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	4.01	13	0	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
malaoxon malaoxon: minor descriptor (72-83); on-line & Index Medicus search MALATHION/AA (72-83). malaoxon : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malaoxon. It is the active insecticide of the proinsecticide malathion.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphoryl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphoryl)thio group.	2.43	2	0	diester; ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate
tetrachloroisophthalonitrile tetrachloroisophthalonitrile: structure. chlorothalonil : A dinitrile that is benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile substituted by four chloro groups. A non-systemic fungicide first introduced in the 1960s, it is used to control a range of diseases in a wide variety of crops.	2.75	3	0	aromatic fungicide; dinitrile; tetrachlorobenzene	antifungal agrochemical
paraquat Paraquat: A poisonous dipyridilium compound used as contact herbicide. Contact with concentrated solutions causes irritation of the skin, cracking and shedding of the nails, and delayed healing of cuts and wounds.. paraquat : An organic cation that consists of 4,4'-bipyridine bearing two N-methyl substituents loctated at the 1- and 1'-positions.	7.74	3	0	organic cation	geroprotector; herbicide
2,4-d amine 2,4-D amine: (1:1) combination of above cpds	1.98	1	0
phenylphosphonothioic acid, 2-ethyl 2-(4-nitrophenyl) ester Phenylphosphonothioic Acid, 2-Ethyl 2-(4-Nitrophenyl) Ester: An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as a acaricide.	3.09	5	0	organic phosphonate; organothiophosphate insecticide; phosphonic ester	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
bromophos bromophos: minor descriptor (72-83); on-line & Index Medicus search ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHORUS COMPOOUNDS (72) & INSECTICIDES (72) & INSECTICIDES, ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATE (73-83); structure	2.37	2	0	organic thiophosphate
phenthoate, (+-)-isomer phenthoate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. phenthoate : An organic thiophosphate that is ethyl mandelate in which the hydroxy group has been replaced by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanediyl group.	2.71	3	0	ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
asulam asulam: wild oat herbicide used in prairie regions for control of wild oats in cereal grains such as wheat; RN given refers to parent cpd. asulam : A carbamate ester that is methyl carbamate substituted by a (4-aminophenyl)sulfonyl group at the nitrogen atom. A dihydropteroate synthase inhibitor, it is used (normally as the corresponding sodium salt, asulam-sodium) as a herbicide, mainly for killing bracken.	2.06	1	0	carbamate ester; primary amino compound; substituted aniline; sulfonamide	agrochemical; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol.	1.98	1	0	1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol	chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent
phenoxyacetic acid phenoxyacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the O-phenyl derivative of glycolic acid. A metabolite of 2-phenoxyethanol, it is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, fungicides and dyes.	2.08	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid	allergen; Aspergillus metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant growth retardant
ecdysone [no description available]	2	1	0	14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 25-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol; 6-oxo steroid; ecdysteroid	prohormone
sulfotepp sulfotepp: analog of TEPP in which one keto-oxygen and one ether linked oxygen are replaced by sulfur atoms; insecticide; acaricide; structure	2.68	3	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
bpmc BPMC: structure. fenobucarb : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 2-sec-butylphenol with methylcarbamic acid.	2.93	4	0	carbamate ester	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; herbicide; insecticide
salithion salithion: causes irreversible ataxia in chicken, mice & sheep; structure in Pesticide Index, 5th ed, p.202	2.45	2	0	organic thiophosphate
acetylthiocholine Acetylthiocholine: An agent used as a substrate in assays for cholinesterases, especially to discriminate among enzyme types.	2.52	2	0
imidocarb Imidocarb: One of ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENTS used especially against BABESIA in livestock. Toxicity has been reported.	1.99	1	0	ureas	antiprotozoal drug
chlorpyrifos-methyl chlorpyrifos-methyl : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.	2.49	2	0	chloropyridine; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
o,o-diethyl o-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphate [no description available]	3.3	6	0
terbutylazine terbutylazine : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N-tert-butyl-N'-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a chloro group at position 6.	2.49	2	0	chloro-1,3,5-triazine; diamino-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,5,6-trichloropyridine-2-one : A pyridone that is pyridin-2(1H)-one substituted by chloro groups at positions 3, 5 and 6. It is a metabolite of the agrochemical chlorpyrifos.. 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol : A hydroxypyridine that is pyridin-2-ol substituted by chloro groups at positions 3,5 and 6. It is a metabolite of the agrochemical chlorpyrifos.	2.72	3	0	chloropyridine; hydroxypyridine; pyridone	human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
mercury Mercury: A silver metallic element that exists as a liquid at room temperature. It has the atomic symbol Hg (from hydrargyrum, liquid silver), atomic number 80, and atomic weight 200.59. Mercury is used in many industrial applications and its salts have been employed therapeutically as purgatives, antisyphilitics, disinfectants, and astringents. It can be absorbed through the skin and mucous membranes which leads to MERCURY POISONING. Because of its toxicity, the clinical use of mercury and mercurials is diminishing.. mercury(0) : Elemental mercury of oxidation state zero.	7.7	3	0	elemental mercury; zinc group element atom	neurotoxin
molybdenum Molybdenum: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Mo, atomic number 42, and atomic weight 95.95. It is an essential trace element, being a component of the enzymes xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and nitrate reductase.	7.6	1	0	chromium group element atom	micronutrient
silver Silver: An element with the atomic symbol Ag, atomic number 47, and atomic weight 107.87. It is a soft metal that is used medically in surgical instruments, dental prostheses, and alloys. Long-continued use of silver salts can lead to a form of poisoning known as ARGYRIA.	3.2	4	0	copper group element atom; elemental silver	Escherichia coli metabolite
titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.	2.47	2	0	titanium group element atom
cadmium Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common.	2.95	4	0	cadmium molecular entity; zinc group element atom
cerium Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications.	7.25	1	0	f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom
chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24.	2.03	1	0	chromium group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	8.43	5	0	copper group element atom; elemental gold
yttrium Yttrium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Y, atomic number 39, and atomic weight 88.91. In conjunction with other rare earths, yttrium is used as a phosphor in television receivers and is a component of the yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG) lasers.	7.25	1	0	d-block element atom; rare earth metal atom; scandium group element atom
zirconium Zirconium: A rather rare metallic element with atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.224, and symbol Zr.	7.6	1	0	titanium group element atom
aluminum chloride Aluminum Chloride: A compound with the chemical formula AlCl3; the anhydrous salt is used as a catalyst in organic chemical synthesis, and hydrated salts are used topically as antiperspirants, and for the management of HYPERHYDROSIS.	2.11	1	0	aluminium coordination entity	Lewis acid
mercuric chloride Mercuric Chloride: Mercury chloride (HgCl2). A highly toxic compound that volatizes slightly at ordinary temperature and appreciably at 100 degrees C. It is corrosive to mucous membranes and used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant.. mercury dichloride : A mercury coordination entity made up of linear triatomic molecules in which a mercury atom is bonded to two chlorines. Water-soluble, it is highly toxic. Once used in a wide variety of applications, including preserving wood and anatomical specimens, embalming and disinfecting, as an intensifier in photography, as a mordant for rabbit and beaver furs, and freeing gold from lead, its use has markedly declined as less toxic alternatives have been developed.	2.4	2	0	mercury coordination entity	sensitiser
hypochlorous acid Hypochlorous Acid: An oxyacid of chlorine (HClO) containing monovalent chlorine that acts as an oxidizing or reducing agent.. hypochlorous acid : A chlorine oxoacid with formula HOCl; a weak, unstable acid, it is the active form of chlorine in water.	2.48	2	0	chlorine oxoacid; reactive oxygen species	EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite
nickel chloride nickel chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Ni-Cl2. nickel dichloride : A compound of nickel and chloride in which the ratio of nickel (in the +2 oxidation state) to chloride is 1:2.	2.05	1	0	nickel coordination entity	calcium channel blocker; hapten
zinc sulfate Zinc Sulfate: A compound given in the treatment of conditions associated with zinc deficiency such as acrodermatitis enteropathica. Externally, zinc sulfate is used as an astringent in lotions and eye drops. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1995). zinc sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having zinc(2+) as the counterion.	4.85	4	2	metal sulfate; zinc molecular entity	fertilizer
potassium dichromate Potassium Dichromate: Chromic acid (H2Cr2O7), dipotassium salt. A compound having bright orange-red crystals and used in dyeing, staining, tanning leather, as bleach, oxidizer, depolarizer for dry cells, etc. Medically it has been used externally as an astringent, antiseptic, and caustic. When taken internally, it is a corrosive poison.. potassium dichromate : A potassium salt that is the dipotassium salt of dichromic acid.	2.02	1	0	potassium salt	allergen; oxidising agent; sensitiser
chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	7.74	3	0	diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity	bleaching agent
methyl demeton methyl mercaptophos: was MH 1972-91 (see under INSECTICIDES, ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATE (1975-90, Prov 1972-74))	2.1	1	0
ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.	3.03	4	0	elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer
cadmium chloride Cadmium Chloride: A cadmium halide in the form of colorless crystals, soluble in water, methanol, and ethanol. It is used in photography, in dyeing, and calico printing, and as a solution to precipitate sulfides. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). cadmium dichloride : A cadmium coordination entity in which cadmium(2+) and Cl(-) ions are present in the ratio 2:1. Although considered to be ionic, it has considerable covalent character to its bonding.	1.97	1	0	cadmium coordination entity
chloramine [no description available]	2.05	1	0	halide
carbendazim carbendazim: carcinogen when combined with sodium nitrite; principle metabolite of thiophanate methyl & benomyl; structure. carbendazim : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 2-aminobenzimidazole in which the primary amino group is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group. A fungicide, carbendazim controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables.	2.97	4	0	benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug; metabolite; microtubule-destabilising agent
cyanophenphos cyanophenphos: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.96	1	0	benzenes; nitrile
monoethylcholine monoethylcholine: competitively inhibits transport of choline; RN given refers to parent cpd	6.97	1	0
titanium dioxide titanium dioxide: used medically as protectant against externally caused irritation & sunlight; high concentrations of dust may cause irritation to respiratory tract; RN given refers to titanium oxide (TiO2); structure. titanium dioxide : A titanium oxide with the formula TiO2. A naturally occurring oxide sourced from ilmenite, rutile and anatase, it has a wide range of applications.	2.47	2	0	titanium oxides	food colouring
quinalphos quinalphos: RN given refers to cpd with locant for quinoxalinyl group in position 2; structure	2.66	2	0	organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
levamisole Levamisole: An antihelminthic drug that has been tried experimentally in rheumatic disorders where it apparently restores the immune response by increasing macrophage chemotaxis and T-lymphocyte function. Paradoxically, this immune enhancement appears to be beneficial in rheumatoid arthritis where dermatitis, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, and nausea and vomiting have been reported as side effects. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p435-6). levamisole : A 6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole that has S configuration. It is used (generally as the monohydrochloride salt) to treat parasitic worm infections in pigs, sheep and cattle and was formerly used in humans as an adjuvant to chemotherapy for the treatment of various cancers. It is also widely used as an adulterant to coccaine.	6.97	1	0	6-phenyl-2,3,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazole	antinematodal drug; antirheumatic drug; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; immunological adjuvant; immunomodulator
hexafluorosilicate hexafluorosilicate: structure	3.37	1	1	silicon coordination entity
fluorides [no description available]	3.37	1	1	halide anion; monoatomic fluorine
benomyl [no description available]	2.42	2	0	aromatic amide; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	acaricide; anthelminthic drug; antifungal agrochemical; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
chromium chromium hexavalent ion: a human respiratory carcinogen	2.03	1	0	chromium cation; monoatomic hexacation
iodine [no description available]	2.41	1	0	halide anion; monoatomic iodine	human metabolite
leptophos Leptophos: An organothiophosphate insecticide.. leptophos : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-leptophos. It is an organothiophosphate insecticide that shows neurotoxic effect in humans.. O-(4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl) O-methyl phenylphosphonothioate : An organic phosphonate that is phenylphosphonothioic O,O-acid in which the hydroxy groups are substituted by methoxy and 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenoxy groups.	2.38	2	0	bromobenzenes; dichlorobenzene; organic phosphonate; phosphonic ester
cyanazine cyanazine: structure. cyanazine : A chloro-1,3,5-triazine that is 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine substituted by an ethyl amino and a (2-cyanopropan-2-yl)amino group at positions 6 and 4 respectively.	2.77	3	0	1,3,5-triazinylamino nitrile; chloro-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
phosphotyrosine Phosphotyrosine: An amino acid that occurs in endogenous proteins. Tyrosine phosphorylation and dephosphorylation plays a role in cellular signal transduction and possibly in cell growth control and carcinogenesis.. O(4)-phospho-L-tyrosine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-tyrosine phosphorylated at the phenolic hydroxy group.	2.02	1	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; O(4)-phosphotyrosine	Escherichia coli metabolite; immunogen
fenamiphos [no description available]	2	1	0	organophosphate insecticide; organophosphate nematicide; phosphoramidate ester	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
fenitrothion Fenitrothion: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.. fenitrothion : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl O-phenyl phosphorothioate substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and a nitro group at position 4.	5.83	30	0	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; insecticide
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous tserigel: according to first source contains polyvinylbutyral & cetylpyridinium chloride; UD only lists cetylpyridinium chloride as constituent. cetylpyridinium chloride : A pyridinium salt that has N-hexadecylpyridinium as the cation and chloride as the anion. It has antiseptic properties and is used in solutions or lozenges for the treatment of minor infections of the mouth and throat.	2.01	1	0	chloride salt; organic chloride salt	antiseptic drug; surfactant
tributyl phosphate tributyl phosphate: a detergent. tributyl phosphate : A trialkyl phosphate that is the tributyl ester of phosphoric acid.	2.41	1	0	trialkyl phosphate
tetrachloroethylene Tetrachloroethylene: A chlorinated hydrocarbon used as an industrial solvent and cooling liquid in electrical transformers. It is a potential carcinogen.	2.03	1	0	chlorocarbon; chloroethenes	nephrotoxic agent
pyrene pyrene: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7746. pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings, resulting in a flat aromatic system.	2.03	1	0	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	fluorescent probe; persistent organic pollutant
isofenphos [no description available]	7.68	3	0	isopropyl ester; organic phosphonate; organothiophosphate insecticide; phosphonic ester; salicylates	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	2.05	1	0	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
o,o-diisopropyl-s-benzylthiophosphate O,O-diisopropyl-S-benzylthiophosphate: structure. iprobenfos : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-benzyl O,O-diisopropyl ester of phosphorothioic acid. Used as a rice fungicide to control leaf and ear blast, stem rot and sheath blight.	2.94	4	0	organic thiophosphate	antifungal agrochemical; phospholipid biosynthesis inhibitor
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	2.41	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
benthiocarb Saturn: The sixth planet in order from the sun. It is one of the five outer planets of the solar system. Its twelve natural satellites include Phoebe and Titan.	3.14	5	0	monochlorobenzenes; monothiocarbamic ester
pirimiphos methyl pirimiphos methyl: structure. pirimiphos-methyl : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-dimethyl O-pyrimidin-4-yl phosphorothioate substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a diethylamino group at position 2.	7.42	2	0	aminopyrimidine; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide
procymidone procymidone : An azabicycloalkane that is 1,5-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,4-dione in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. A fungicide widely used in horticulture as a seed dressing, pre-harvest spray or post-harvest dip for the control of various diseases.	2.05	1	0
amitraz amitraz: ixodicide (tick control); structure. amitraz : A tertiary amino compound that is 1,3,5-triazapenta-1,4-diene substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and 2,4-dimethylphenyl groups at positions 1 and 5.	5.04	4	2	formamidines; tertiary amino compound	acaricide; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
isoproturon isoproturon : A member of the class of phenylureas that is 1,1-dimethylurea substituted by a p-cumenyl group at position 3. A selective, systemic herbicide used to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in cereals, its use within the EU has been banned after September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.	7.71	3	0	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
diflubenzuron Diflubenzuron: An insect growth regulator which interferes with the formation of the insect cuticle. It is effective in the control of mosquitoes and flies.. diflubenzuron : A benzoylurea insecticide that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced bgy a 2,6-difluorobenzoyl group.	2.38	2	0	benzoylurea insecticide; monochlorobenzenes	insect sterilant
enilconazole enilconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. enilconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-enilconazole. A fungicide used to control a wide range of fungi including Tilletia and Helminthosporium spp. on fruit, vegetables and ornamentals. In veterinary medicine, it is used topically for the treatment of fungal skin infections in cattle, dogs, and horses; it is also used by inhalation for the treatment of aspergillosis in ostriches.. 1-[2-(allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles in which the hydrogen at position 1 is replaced by a 2-(allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl group.	2.1	1	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
pendimethalin pendimethalin : A member of the class of substituted anilines that is N-(pentan-3-yl)aniline bearing two additional nitro substituents at positions 2 and 6 as well as two methyl substituents at positions 3 and 4. A herbicide used to control most annual grasses and many annual broad-leaved weeds.	7.7	3	0	C-nitro compound; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide
profenofos [no description available]	3.22	5	0	monochlorobenzenes; organic thiophosphate; organochlorine insecticide; organophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
sq-11725 Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.	2.45	2	0
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	2.45	2	0	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
isoprothiolane isoprothiolane: structure given in first source. isoprothiolane : A malonate ester that is diisopropyl malonate in which the two methylene hydrogens at position 2 are replaced by a 1,3-dithiolan-2-ylidene group. An insecticide and fungicide used to control a range of diseases including Pyricularia oryzae, Helminthosporium sigmoideum and Fusarium nivale.	2.45	2	0	dithiolanes; isopropyl ester; malonate ester	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; insecticide; phospholipid biosynthesis inhibitor
hexazinone hexazinone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.05	1	0	1,3,5-triazines
permethrin hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141	6.21	25	0	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes	agrochemical; ectoparasiticide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide; scabicide
decamethrin decamethrin: pyrethroid insecticide; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	5.73	19	1	aromatic ether; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; nitrile; organobromine compound	agrochemical; antifeedant; calcium channel agonist; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; pyrethroid ester insecticide
propiconazole Orbit: Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.	2.1	1	0	conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.	7.17	1	0	alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
fenpropathrin, (+-)-isomer fenpropathrin: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. fenpropathrin : A cyclopropanecarboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation between 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid and cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methanol.	2.06	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester	agrochemical; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide
triflumuron triflumuron: insect growth inhibitor	1.97	1	0	aromatic ether; benzoylurea insecticide; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound
cyromazine cyromazine: RN given refers to parent cpd	10.98	8	1	triamino-1,3,5-triazine	mouse metabolite; triazine insecticide
fenoxaprop ethyl Puma: A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising one species, Puma concolor. It is a large, long-tailed, feline of uniform color. The names puma, cougar, and mountain lion are used interchangeably for this species. There are more than 20 subspecies.	2.44	2	0	aromatic ether
metazachlor metazachlor: alpha-chloroacetamide herbicide. metazachlor : An organochlorine compound that is 2-chloroacetamide substituted by a 2,6-dimethylphenyl and a (1H-pyrazol-1-ylmethyl) group at the nitrogen atom.	2.17	1	0	aromatic amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazoles	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
fluvalinate fluvalinate: RN given refers to 2-cyano isomer (DL)-isomer	1.99	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile; organochlorine acaricide; organochlorine insecticide; organofluorine acaricide; organofluorine insecticide	agrochemical; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide
haloxyfop haloxyfop: RN given refers to parent cpd. haloxyfop : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of haloxyfop-P (the more active, R enantiomer) and (S)-haloxyfop (the less active enantiomer). A post-emergence herbicide used to control annual and perennial grass weeds. Commercial use of the racemate was phased out in favour of the most active enantiomer, used as the proherbicide esters haloxyfop-P-methyl and haloxyfop-P-etotyl.. 2-(4-{[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}phenoxy)propanoic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-phenoxypropanoic acid in which the hydrogen at the para position of the phenyl ring has been replaced by a [3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy group.	7.6	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound; pyridines
flucythrinate [no description available]	3.37	1	1
benfuracarb benfuracarb: a procarbamate insecticide	2.06	1	0	1-benzofurans; carbamate ester; ethyl ester	agrochemical; carbamate insecticide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
safranal safranal: a monoterpene aldehyde; one of the main components responsible for the aroma of saffron; structure given in first source. safranal : A monoterpenoid formally derived from beta-cyclocitral by dehydrogenation.	2.46	2	0	monoterpenoid
potassium phosphate potassium phosphate: used in dental materials and to treat hypophosphatemia; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified MF. tripotassium phosphate : An inorganic potassium salt that is the tripotassium salt of phosphoric acid.	2.03	1	0	inorganic phosphate salt; inorganic potassium salt
trazodone hydrochloride Triticum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE that is the source of EDIBLE GRAIN. A hybrid with rye (SECALE CEREALE) is called TRITICALE. The seed is ground into FLOUR and used to make BREAD, and is the source of WHEAT GERM AGGLUTININS.. trazodone hydrochloride : A hydrochloride salt prepared from equimolar amounts of trazodone and hydrogen chloride.	2.44	2	0	hydrochloride	adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; H1-receptor antagonist; sedative; serotonin uptake inhibitor
3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl : A pentachlorobiphenyl in which the chlorines are located at the 3, 4, 5, 3', and 4' positions.	2.04	1	0	pentachlorobiphenyl; trichlorobenzene
erdosteine [no description available]	7.41	1	0	N-acyl-amino acid
boron nitride [no description available]	7.66	2	0	nitride
hexaconazole 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexan-2-ol : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-hexyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole in which the hydrogens at position 2 of the hexyl chain are replaced by hydroxy and 2,4-dichlorophenyl groups.. hexaconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-hexaconazole. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the 1980s, it is not approved for use within the European Union.	2.6	1	0	dichlorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazoles	chelator
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	3.31	6	0	1,2,3-triazole
medetomidine Medetomidine: An agonist of RECEPTORS, ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 that is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties. It is the racemate of DEXMEDETOMIDINE.	6.99	1	0	imidazoles
sertraline Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene; secondary amino compound; tetralins	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
brinzolamide brinzolamide: an antiglaucoma agent	2.03	1	0	sulfonamide; thienothiazine	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
indole-3-carboxylic acid indole-3-carboxylic acid : An indole-3-carboxylic acid carrying a carboxy group at position 3.	2.03	1	0	indol-3-yl carboxylic acid	bacterial metabolite; human metabolite
ethofenprox ethofenprox: synthetic pyrethroid for insecticidal efficacy against mosquito larvae & on non-target organisms. etofenprox : An aromatic ether that is the 3-phenoxybenzyl ether of 2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropan-1-ol.	2.06	1	0	aromatic ether	pyrethroid ether insecticide
atipamezole [no description available]	1.99	1	0
azamethiphos [no description available]	2.44	2	0	organic thiophosphate; organochlorine acaricide; organochlorine insecticide; organothiophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
nicosulfuron nicosulfuron: inhibits ACETOLACTATE SYNTHASE; Accent is DuPont brand name. nicosulfuron : A N-sulfonylurea that is 2-(carbamoylsulfamoyl)-N,N-dimethylpyridine-3-carboxamide substituted by a 4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl group at the amino nitrogen.	7.04	1	0	N-sulfonylurea; pyridines; pyrimidines	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
ceric oxide ceric oxide: RN given refers to cpd with MF CeO2. ceric oxide : A metal oxide with formula CeO2. It is used for polishing glass, in coatings for infra-red filters to prevent reflection, and as an oxidant and catalyst in organic synthesis.	2.25	1	0	cerium molecular entity; metal oxide
octadecyl palmitate octadecyl palmitate: found in psoriatic nail, but not in normal nails. stearyl palmitate : A palmitate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of palmitic acid with the hydroxy group of stearyl alcohol.	1.99	1	0	hexadecanoate ester; wax ester	coral metabolite; cosmetic
tebuconazole Lynx: A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising felines with long legs, ear tufts, and a short tail.. 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol : A tertiary alcohol that is pentan-3-ol substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl, methyl, methyl, and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl at positions 1, 4, 4 and 3 respectively.. tebuconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tebuconazole. A fungicide effective against various smut and bunt diseases in cereals and other field crops.	2.02	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; tertiary alcohol; triazoles
difenoconazole difenoconazole : A member of the class of dioxolanes that is 1,3-dioxolane substituted at position 2 by 2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl and 1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl groups. A broad spectrum fungicide with novel broad-range activity used as a spray or seed treatment. It is moderately toxic to humans, mammals, birds and most aquatic organisms.	2.05	1	0	aromatic ether; conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dioxolane; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
1,2-dibenzoyl-tert-butylhydrazine 1,2-dibenzoyl-tert-butylhydrazine: structure given in first source	2.45	2	0	bisacylhydrazine insecticide
cyprodinil cyprodinil: structure in first source. cyprodinil : A member of the class of aminopyrimidine that is N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine carrying additional cyclopropyl and methyl substituents at positions 4 and 6 respectively. A broad spectrum fungicide used to control a range of pathogens including Tapesia yallundae, Botrytis spp., Alternaria spp. and Rhynchospium secalis. Whilst it is a recognised irritant no serious human health concerns have been identified. It is moderately toxic to birds as well as most aquatic organisms and earthworms, but it is not considered toxic to honeybees.	7.17	1	0	aminopyrimidine; anilinopyrimidine fungicide; cyclopropanes; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	7.76	2	0	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
nsc-172755 butocin: S-substituted analog of mercaptopurine which functions as a cytostatic agent; minor descriptor (75-85); on-line search 6-MERCAPTOPURINE/AA (75-84); Index Medicus search MERCAPTOPURINE/analogs (75-84)	2.05	1	0
pyriproxyfen pyriproxyfen: an insect growth regulator; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. pyriproxyfen : An aromatic ether that consists of propylene glycol having a 2-pyridyl group at the O-1 position and a 4-phenoxyphenyl group at the O-3 position.	2.99	4	0	aromatic ether; pyridines	juvenile hormone mimic
pyridaben [no description available]	2.02	1	0	organochlorine acaricide; organochlorine insecticide; pyridazinone	mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor
tebufenozide tebufenozide: structure given in first source. tebufenozide : A carbohydrazide that is hydrazine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by tert-butyl, 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl and 4-ethylbenzoyl groups respectively. It is an insecticide used widely against caterpillars.	2.45	2	0	carbohydrazide	ecdysone agonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
chlorfenapyr chlorfenapyr: an experimental pour-on formulation, a new generation pyrethroid available to producers. chlorfenapyr : A member of the class of pyrroles that is 4-bromo-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile which is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by ethoxymethyl, p-chlorophenyl and trifluoromethyl groups, respectively. A proinsecticide used for termite control and crop protection against several insects and mite pests.	2.06	1	0	hemiaminal ether; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile; organochlorine acaricide; organochlorine insecticide; organofluorine acaricide; organofluorine insecticide; pyrroles	proacaricide; proinsecticide
novaluron novaluron: insecticide	2.06	1	0	aromatic ether; benzoylurea insecticide; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound
n-acetyltryptophanamide [no description available]	2.03	1	0	acetamides; L-tryptophan derivative; primary carboxamide; secondary carboxamide
glucuronic acid Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form.	2.11	1	0	D-glucuronic acid	algal metabolite
endosulfan ether [no description available]	2.05	1	0
cyfluthrin cyfluthrin: effective against mosquitoes. cyfluthrin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation between 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid and (4-fluoro-3-phenoxyphenyl)(hydroxy)acetonitrile.	3.17	5	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; nitrile; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	agrochemical; pyrethroid ester insecticide
methoxyfenozide methoxyfenozide: structure in first source. methoxyfenozide : A carbohydrazide that is hydrazine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by 3-methoxy-2-methylbenzoyl, 3,5-dimethylbenzoyl, and tert-butyl groups respectively.	2.45	2	0	carbohydrazide; monomethoxybenzene	environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
s-ethyl glutathione [no description available]	2.1	1	0	oligopeptide
rh-0345 N-4-chlorobenzoyl-N'-benzoyl-N'-tert-butylhydrazine: structure in first source	2.45	2	0	bisacylhydrazine insecticide; monochlorobenzenes
brassinolide brassinolide: plant growth promoting steroidal lactone from rape pollen; RN given refers to (2alpha,3alpha,5alpha,22R,23R,24S)-isomer; structure in first source	7.6	1	0	22-hydroxy steroid; 23-hydroxy steroid; 2alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; brassinosteroid	plant growth stimulator; plant hormone
thiacloprid thiacloprid: structure in first source. (Z)-thiacloprid : The (Z)-stereoisomer of thiacloprid.. thiacloprid : A nitrile that is cyanamide in which the hydrogens are replaced by a 1,3-thiazolidin-2-ylidene group which in turn is substituted by a (6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl group at the ring nitrogen.	7.74	3	0	monochloropyridine; nitrile; thiazolidines	environmental contaminant; neonicotinoid insectide; xenobiotic
cucurbitaceae Cucurbitaceae: The gourd plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes placed in its own order, Cucurbitales. 'Melon' generally refers to CUCUMIS; CITRULLUS; or MOMORDICA.	3.51	1	1
borneo Borneo: An island in the Malay Archipelago, east of Sumatra, north of Java, and west of Celebes. It is the third largest island in the world. Its name is a Portuguese alteration of BRUNEI, located on it. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p163; Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p73)	1.95	1	0	organofluorine acaricide
8-hydroxynorcocaine 8-hydroxynorcocaine: cocaine metabolite which stimulates in vitro lipid peroxidation	1.97	1	0	benzoate ester
naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.	7.78	3	0	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.	2.06	1	0	oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species
yttria yttria: molecular formula Y2-O3	2.25	1	0
fenton's reagent Fenton's reagent: used for oxidizing sugars & alcohols	2.01	1	0
thiophosphoric acid thiophosphoric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.25	1	0	phosphorothioic acid
1-(2-(dodecyloxy)ethyl)pyrrolidine hydrochloride 1-(2-(dodecyloxy)ethyl)pyrrolidine hydrochloride: active against Ascaris lumbricoides suum; structure	1.97	1	0
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	7.6	1	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	5.15	15	0
bifenazate bifenazate: an acaricide. bifenazate : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of 2-(4-methoxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)hydrazinecarboxylic acid with 2-propanol.	3.14	1	0	carboxylic ester	acaricide
organophosphonates hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.	2.03	1	0	divalent inorganic anion; phosphite ion
troleandomycin Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	2	1	0	acetate ester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyketide; semisynthetic derivative	EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic
prizes acetamiprid: structure in first source. (E)-acetamiprid : The (E)-stereoisomer of acetamiprid.. acetamiprid : A carboxamidine that is acetamidine in which the amino hydrogens are substituted by a (6-chloropyridin-3-yl)methyl and a methyl group while the hydrogen attached to the imino nitrogen is replaced by a cyano group.	2.47	2	0	carboxamidine; monochloropyridine; nitrile	environmental contaminant; neonicotinoid insectide; xenobiotic
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	3.48	8	0
epiglucan epiglucan: a highly side-chain/branched alkali-insoluble cell wall glucan from fungus such as Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, ascomycetes & basidiomycetes; also isolated S-4001 from Lei Wan (polyporus mylitiae), HA-beta-glucan from mushroom Pleutotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel., and translam from seaweed Laminaria cichorioides; with commercially important functional properties including emulsification and friction reduction.	2.25	1	0
tryptophanamide tryptophanamide: used as inhibitor of chymotrypsin; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. L-tryptophanamide : An amino acid amide that is the carboxamide of L-tryptophan.	2.03	1	0	amino acid amide; tryptophan derivative	human metabolite
n'-formylkynurenine N'-formylkynurenine: a photochemical breakdown product of tryptophan in proteins; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	1.98	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; N-formylkynurenine; non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
Girgensonine [no description available]	2.1	1	0	nitrile
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.	2.57	2	0	cyclodextrin
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	7.41	1	0	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).	2.48	2	0	retinol; vitamin A	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.	8.36	7	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
bis(2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropyl) ether bis(2,3,3,3-tetrachloropropyl) ether: structure	1.95	1	0
beta-ionone beta-ionone: stimulator of carotenogenesis; carotenoid inhibitor; intermediate in synthesis of Vit A; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. beta-ionone : An ionone that is but-3-en-2-one substituted by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group at position 4.	1.98	1	0	ionone	antioxidant; fragrance
cocaethylene cocaethylene: RN given refers to (1R-(exo,exo))-isomer; cocaine metabolite produced in vivo when cocaine and ethanol are taken together; as potent as cocaine in blocking uptake of the neurotransmitter dopamine synapses	1.98	1	0	benzoate ester
norcocaine norcocaine: N-demethylated cocaine; RN given refers to (1R-(exo,exo))-isomer	1.98	1	0	benzoate ester
dieldrin Dieldrin: An organochlorine insecticide whose use has been cancelled or suspended in the United States. It has been used to control locusts, tropical disease vectors, in termite control by direct soil injection, and non-food seed and plant treatment. (From HSDB). dieldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of aldrin. It is the active metabolite of the proinsecticde aldrin.	6.11	24	0	epoxide; organochlorine compound; organochlorine insecticide	carcinogenic agent; xenobiotic
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	2.53	2	0	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
cinnarizine Cinnarizine: A piperazine derivative having histamine H1-receptor and calcium-channel blocking activity with vasodilating and antiemetic properties but it induces PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS.	2.15	1	0	diarylmethane; N-alkylpiperazine; olefinic compound	anti-allergic agent; antiemetic; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
nadp [no description available]	2.03	1	0
nabam mancozeb: complex of zinc & maneb, containing 20% manganese & 2.5% zinc. mancozeb : A mixture composed from maneb and zineb, which is used as a broad-spectrum contact fungicide.. ethylenebis(dithiocarbamic acid) : A dithiocarbamic acid resulting from the formal addition of a molecule of carbon disulfide to each amino group of ethylenediamine.	2.01	1	0	dithiocarbamic acids
zineb Zineb: An agricultural fungicide of the dithiocarbamate class. It has relatively low toxicity and there is little evidence of human injury from exposure.. zineb : A polymeric complex of zinc with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. Formerly used as an agricultural fungicide for the control of downy mildews and rusts, its use is no longer permitted in the US or the EU.	2.68	3	0	dithiocarbamate salt; macromolecule; zinc coordination entity	antifungal agrochemical
maneb Maneb: Manganese derivative of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate. It is used in agriculture as a fungicide and has been shown to cause irritation to the eyes, nose, skin, and throat.. maneb : A polymeric complex of manganese with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. An agrochemical fungicide, it is used to control a variety of diseases including blight, leaf spot, rust, downy mildew and scab.	2.01	1	0
phosphamidon Phosphamidon: An organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.	2.66	3	0
cystine [no description available]	2.05	1	0
dicyclanil [no description available]	2	1	0
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	2.11	1	0
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	2.87	3	0	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
crocin crocin: a free radical scavenger	4.51	8	0
o,o-dimethyl phosphorothionate O,O-dimethyl phosphorothionate: metabolite of phosmet; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.97	1	0	organic thiophosphate
diethyl maleate diethyl maleate : A maleate ester resulting from the formal condensation of both carboxy groups of maleic acid with ethanol. A colourless liquid at room temperature (m.p. -10degreeC) with boiling point 220degreeC at 1 atm., it is commonly used as a dienophile for Diels-Alder-type cycloaddition reactions in organic synthesis.	1.96	1	0	ethyl ester; maleate ester	glutathione depleting agent
quercetin [no description available]	7.21	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor.	2.1	1	0	monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
genistein [no description available]	2.17	1	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
chrysin chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.	2.66	2	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; dihydroxyflavone	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
caffeic acid phenethyl ester phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component.	7.1	1	0	alkyl caffeate ester	anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiviral agent; immunomodulator; metabolite; neuroprotective agent
cyhalothrin cyhalothrin: acaricidal & insecticidal synthetic pyrethroid; structure given in first source. cyhalothrin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation between 3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-en-1-yl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid and cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methanol.	10.66	10	2	aromatic ether; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; nitrile; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	agrochemical; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide
hydramethylnon hydramethylnon: used as fire ant insecticide in southern USA; poorly absorbed by mammals & more than 95% is excreted unchanged in the feces. hydramethylnon : A member of the class of hydrazones that is used as an insecticide for control of ants and cockroaches.	1.97	1	0	hydramethylnon
sdz psc 833 valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215	2.03	1	0	homodetic cyclic peptide
anandamide anandamide : An N-acylethanolamine 20:4 resulting from the formal condensation of carboxy group of arachidonic acid with the amino group of ethanolamine.	2	1	0	endocannabinoid; N-acylethanolamine 20:4	human blood serum metabolite; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
8-epi-prostaglandin f2alpha 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha: a potent preglomerular vasoconstrictor acting principally through thromboxane A2 receptor activation. 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha : An isoprostane that is prostaglandin F2alpha having inverted stereochemistry at the 8-position.	2.1	1	0	F2-isoprostane	biomarker; bronchoconstrictor agent; vasoconstrictor agent
tetrachlorvinphos Tetrachlorvinphos: An organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide. It has low mammalian toxicity. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	9.48	5	1	alkenyl phosphate; dialkyl phosphate; organochlorine insecticide; organophosphate insecticide; trichlorobenzene	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
diminazene aceturate diminazene diaceturate : An N-acetylglycinate salt resulting from the reaction of diminazene with 2 mol eq. of N-acetylglycine.	1.99	1	0	N-acetylglycinate salt	antiparasitic agent; trypanocidal drug
dorzolamide dorzolamide: topically effective ocular hypotensive carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; RN refers to mono-HCl (4S-trans)-isomer. dorzolamide : 5,6-Dihydro-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-dioxide in which hydrogens at the 4 and 6 positions are substituted by ethylamino and methyl groups, respectively (4S, trans-configuration). A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it is used as the hydrochloride in ophthalmic solutions to lower increased intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension.	2.03	1	0	sulfonamide; thiophenes	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
lead Lead: A soft, grayish metal with poisonous salts; atomic number 82, atomic weight 207.2, symbol Pb.	2.97	4	0	carbon group element atom; elemental lead; metal atom	neurotoxin
mevinphos Mevinphos: An organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide.	3.75	3	0
aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.	2.41	2	0	boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom
arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.67	3	0	metalloid atom; pnictogen	micronutrient
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	2.6	1	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
monocrotophos Monocrotophos: An organophosphate insecticide that inhibits monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase. It has been shown to be genotoxic.. monocrotophos : An alkenyl phosphate that is the 4-(methylamino)-4-oxobut-2-en-2-yl ester of dimethyl phosphate.	2.4	2	0	alkenyl phosphate; dialkyl phosphate; monocarboxylic acid amide; organophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
propetamphos [no description available]	3.49	8	0	isopropyl ester; organophosphate insecticide; phosphoramidate ester	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	2.21	1	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	2.66	2	0	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
thiamethoxam [no description available]	2.06	1	0
flumethrin flumethrin: synthetic pyrethrin insecticide	2	1	0
propineb propineb: structure. propineb : A polymeric complex of zinc with the propylene 1,2-bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. A fungicide, it is used to control a wide range of fungal diseases, including downy mildew, brown rot, black rot, red fire, leaf spot, and blight in crops such as grapes, tomatoes, potatoes, berries, citrus, rice and tea.	2.05	1	0	dithiocarbamate salt; macromolecule; zinc coordination entity	antifungal agrochemical
selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.	3.18	5	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	micronutrient
octadecylsilane [no description available]	7.07	1	0
triticonazole triticonazole: a fungicide triticonazole. triticonazole : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-triticonazole. A seed treatment fungicide for the control of common bunt, loose smut and covered smut on barley, oats and wheat.	2.6	1	0
diniconazole diniconazole: structure given in first source. diniconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-diniconazole. A fungicide used to control a range of diseases including mildew, bunts and smuts.. (1E)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol : A member of the class of triazoles that is 4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pent-1-en-3-ol substituted at position 1 by a 2,4-dichlorophenyl group.	2.6	1	0	dichlorobenzene; olefinic compound; secondary alcohol; triazoles
bifenthrin bifenthrin: a type I pyrethroid. bifenthrin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of cis-3-(2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid and [(2-methyl-1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl]methanol.. kappa-bifenthrin : A carboxylic ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of (1R,3R)-3-[(1Z)-2-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoroprop-1-enyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of [(2-methyl-1,1'-biphenyl)-3-yl]methanol.	2.54	2	0	carboxylic ester; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide
cyclo(glycyltryptophyl) cyclo(glycyltryptophyl): structure in first source	2.03	1	0	indoles	metabolite
phosphocreatine Phosphocreatine: An endogenous substance found mainly in skeletal muscle of vertebrates. It has been tried in the treatment of cardiac disorders and has been added to cardioplegic solutions. (Reynolds JEF(Ed): Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (electronic version). Micromedex, Inc, Englewood, CO, 1996). phosphagen : Any of a group of guanidine or amidine phosphates that function as storage depots for high-energy phosphate in muscle with the purpose of regenerating ATP from ADP during muscular contraction.. N-phosphocreatine : A phosphoamino acid consisting of creatine having a phospho group attached at the primary nitrogen of the guanidino group.	2.03	1	0	phosphagen; phosphoamino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
aldicarb Aldicarb: Carbamate derivative used as an insecticide, acaricide, and nematocide.. aldicarb : The oxime carbamate resulting from the addition of 2-methyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)propanaldoxime to methyl isocyanate. A member of the class of oxime carbamate insecticides, aldicarb is a mixture of E and Z isomers; it is not known which isomer is more active.	3.75	3	0
oxamyl oxamyl: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.46	2	0
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	2.6	1	0	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
mk 936 [no description available]	2.06	1	0
zeolites [no description available]	7.03	1	0
imidocarb dipropionate [no description available]	1.99	1	0
aluminum oxide Aluminum Oxide: An oxide of aluminum, occurring in nature as various minerals such as bauxite, corundum, etc. It is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories.	2.39	2	0
chromafenozide chromafenozide: has partial ecdysone agonist activity; structure in first source	2.45	2	0	bisacylhydrazine insecticide
pydrin, (s-(r,r))-isomer [no description available]	2.46	2	0	fenvalerate	agrochemical; pyrethroid ester insecticide
cyclo(tyrosyl-tyrosyl) cyclo(L-tyrosyl-L-tyrosyl) : A cyclo(tyrosyl-tyrosyl) in which both stereocentres have L-configuration. Synthesized by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.	2.03	1	0	cyclo(tyrosyl-tyrosyl)	metabolite
chlorantranilipole chlorantranilipole: anthranilic diamide insecticide.that disrupts mating in codling moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). chlorantraniliprole : A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxylic acid group of 3-bromo-1-(3-chloropyridin-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid with the primary amino group of 2-amino-5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzamide. The first of the anthranilic diamide insecticides, it is a ryanodine receptor activator and is used to protect a wide variety of crops, including corn, cotton, grapes, rice and potatoes.	2.06	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; organobromine compound; pyrazole insecticide; pyrazoles; pyridines; secondary carboxamide	ryanodine receptor agonist
doramectin [no description available]	2.02	1	0	macrolide
dextrothyroxine [no description available]	4.61	8	0
sepharose agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages.	2.13	1	0
scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available]	2.01	1	0
clove Madagascar: One of the Indian Ocean Islands off the southeast coast of Africa. Its capital is Antananarivo. It was formerly called the Malagasy Republic. Discovered by the Portuguese in 1500, its history has been tied predominantly to the French, becoming a French protectorate in 1882, a French colony in 1896, and a territory within the French union in 1946. The Malagasy Republic was established in the French Community in 1958 but it achieved independence in 1960. Its name was changed to Madagascar in 1975. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p714)	3.39	1	1
acid phosphatase Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.	2.11	1	0
eosine i bluish Eosine I Bluish: A red fluorescein dye used as a histologic stain. It may be cytotoxic, mutagenic, and inhibit certain mitochondrial functions.	2	1	0	organic sodium salt	fluorescent dye; histological dye
ants Ants: Insects of the family Formicidae, very common and widespread, probably the most successful of all the insect groups. All ants are social insects, and most colonies contain three castes, queens, males, and workers. Their habits are often very elaborate and a great many studies have been made of ant behavior. Ants produce a number of secretions that function in offense, defense, and communication. (From Borror, et al., An Introduction to the Study of Insects, 4th ed, p676)	2	1	0
bioallethrin bioallethrin: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha(S*),3beta))-isomer; see also record for ALLETHRIN which is cpd without isomeric designation. bioallethrin : A partly enantiopure variant of allethrin consisting of a mixture of two allethrin isomers (1R,trans;1R and 1R,trans;1S) in an approximate ratio of 1:1. Widely registered mosquito adulticide and spatial repellent. Bioallethrin is a synthetic pyrethroid used as a pesticide against household pest insects such as mosquitoes, houseflies and cockroaches.	2.17	1	0	allethrin; trans-allethrin
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	2.66	3	0	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.	3	1	0
cholecystokinin Cholecystokinin: A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.	1.97	1	0
tannins Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing.	1.96	1	0
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.	2.01	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	1.98	1	0
endrin Endrin: An organochlorine compound that was formerly used as an insecticide. Its manufacture and use has been discontinued in the United States. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). endrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the epoxidation of the double bond of isodrin. It is the endo, endo stereoisomer of dieldrin. It is an insecticide mainly used on field crops such as cotton and grains and has also been used as a rodenticide to control mice and voles. The product is banned in many countries since it is a persistent organic pollutant.	7.36	2	0
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	3.53	8	0	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
piroxicam [no description available]	2.45	2	0	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	1.96	1	0	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
clay Clay: A naturally-occurring rock or soil constituent characterized by particles with a diameter of less than 0.005 mm. It is composed primarily of hydrous aluminum silicates, trace amounts of metal OXIDES, and organic matter.	7.53	2	0
transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.	2.5	2	0
pyrethrins [no description available]	9.28	72	4
glutaminase [no description available]	2.17	1	0
imidacloprid (E)-imidacloprid : The E-isomer of imidacloprid.	2.45	2	0	imidacloprid; imidazolidines; monochloropyridine	environmental contaminant; genotoxin; neonicotinoid insectide; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor	2.05	1	0
bassianolide bassianolide: cyclodepsipeptide from mycelia of Beauveria bassiana; inhibits isotonic contractions induced by acetylcholine. bassianolide : A cyclodepsipeptide consisting of a cyclic tetramer of the depsipeptide D-Hiv-N-methyl-L-leucine (where D-Hiv = D-alpha-hydroxyisovaleric acid). Found in the fungal species Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii, it has insecticidal properties and is used as a commercial biopesticide to control of insects of agricultural, veterinary and medical significance. For elucidation of the structure, see Suzuki et al., Tetrahedron Lett. 1977 v25, 2167-2170.	2.7	3	0	cyclodepsipeptide; cyclooctadepsipeptide	antineoplastic agent; fungal metabolite; insecticide
aldrin Aldrin: A highly poisonous substance that was formerly used as an insecticide. The manufacture and use has been discontinued in the U.S. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). aldrin : An organochlorine compound resulting from the Diels-Alder reaction of hexachlorocyclopentadiene with norbornadiene. A proinsecticide (by epoxidation of the non-chlorinated double bond to give dieldrin), it was widely used as an insecticide before being banned in the 1970s as a persistent organic pollutant.	8.07	5	0
moxidectin moxidectin: family of macrolide antibiotics with insecticidal & acaricidal activity	2.15	1	0
muramidase Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.	2.05	1	0
exudates Malaysia: A parliamentary democracy with a constitutional monarch in southeast Asia, consisting of 11 states (West Malaysia) on the Malay Peninsula and two states (East Malaysia) on the island of BORNEO. It is also called the Federation of Malaysia. Its capital is Kuala Lumpur. Before 1963 it was the Union of Malaya. It reorganized in 1948 as the Federation of Malaya, becoming independent from British Malaya in 1957 and becoming Malaysia in 1963 as a federation of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore (which seceded in 1965). The form Malay- probably derives from the Tamil malay, mountain, with reference to its geography. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p715 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p329)	2.71	3	0
pralidoxime pralidoxime: RN given refers to parent cpd; chloride was minor descriptor (75-80); on-line & Index Medicus search PRALIDOXIME COMPOUNDS (66-80). pralidoxime : A pyridinium ion that is 1-methylpyridinium substituted by a (hydroxyimino)methyl group at position 2.	3.54	8	0	pyridinium ion	antidote to organophosphate poisoning; antidote to sarin poisoning; cholinergic drug; cholinesterase reactivator
g 27550 G 27550: diazinon metabolite. 2-isopropyl-6-methylpyrimidin-4-ol : A hydroxypyrimidine that is pyrimidine substituted by an isopropyl group at position 2, a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 4.. 2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinone : A pyrimidone that is pyrimidin-4(1H)-one substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and an isopropyl group at position 2. It is a metabolite of diazinon.	3.19	5	0	hydroxypyrimidine; pyrimidone	marine xenobiotic metabolite
imidacloprid imidacloprid: systemic & contact insecticide exhibiting low mammalian toxicity; structure given in first source; it is one of the neonicotinoid insecticides, which acts as an antagonist by binding to postsynaptic nicotinic receptors in the insect central nervous system. imidacloprid : An imidazolidine that is N-nitroimidazolidin-2-imine bearing a (6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl substituent at position 1.	4.11	15	0	imidacloprid; imidazolidines; monochloropyridine	environmental contaminant; genotoxin; neonicotinoid insectide; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
avermectin avermectin: produced by actinomycete, Streptomyces avermitilis; structure; see also records for specific avermectins. avermectin : Any of the macrolides obtained as fermentation products from the bacterium Streptomyces avermitilis and consisting of a 16-membered macrocyclic backbone that is fused both benzofuran and spiroketal functions and contains a disaccharide substituent. They have significant anthelmintic and insecticidal properties.	1.97	1	0
chromomycin a3 Chromomycin A3: Glycosidic antibiotic from Streptomyces griseus used as a fluorescent stain of DNA and as an antineoplastic agent.	2.02	1	0
concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.	2	1	0
metallothionein Metallothionein: A low-molecular-weight (approx. 10 kD) protein occurring in the cytoplasm of kidney cortex and liver. It is rich in cysteinyl residues and contains no aromatic amino acids. Metallothionein shows high affinity for bivalent heavy metals.	1.97	1	0
phosphorus radioisotopes Phosphorus Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of phosphorus that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. P atoms with atomic weights 28-34 except 31 are radioactive phosphorus isotopes.	3.05	1	0
leptin Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.	2.21	1	0
pyrimidinones Pyrimidinones: Heterocyclic compounds known as 2-pyrimidones (or 2-hydroxypyrimidines) and 4-pyrimidones (or 4-hydroxypyrimidines) with the general formula C4H4N2O.	1.97	1	0

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	3.24	5	0
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	3.24	5	0
Break-Bone Fever [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Dengue An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.	2.1	1	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	3.91	4	0
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	3.91	4	0
Anemia, Fanconi [description not available]	2.13	1	0
Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)	2.13	1	0
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	4.57	9	0
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	2.25	1	0
Organophosphorus Poisoning [description not available]	3.72	10	0
Organophosphate Poisoning Poisoning due to exposure to ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS, such as ORGANOPHOSPHATES; ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHATES; and ORGANOTHIOPHOSPHONATES.	8.72	10	0
Tick Infestations Infestations with soft-bodied (Argasidae) or hard-bodied (Ixodidae) ticks.	2.98	4	0
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure [description not available]	4.77	10	0
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	4.22	6	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	5.56	26	0
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	2.41	1	0
Autism Spectrum Disorder Wide continuum of associated cognitive and neurobehavioral disorders, including, but not limited to, three core-defining features: impairments in socialization, impairments in verbal and nonverbal communication, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behaviors. (from DSM-V)	2.41	1	0
Food Poisoning [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Diseases of Immune System [description not available]	2.76	2	0
Immune System Diseases Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both.	2.76	2	0
Canine Diseases [description not available]	3.27	6	0
Cat Diseases Diseases of the domestic cat (Felis catus or F. domesticus). This term does not include diseases of the so-called big cats such as CHEETAHS; LIONS; tigers, cougars, panthers, leopards, and other Felidae for which the heading CARNIVORA is used.	2.46	2	0
Encephalopathy, Toxic [description not available]	3.86	11	0
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	4.06	14	0
Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.	3.33	4	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	4.06	14	0
Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body.	2.6	1	0
Ovine Diseases [description not available]	8.45	39	4
Acariasis [description not available]	3.69	10	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	4.23	17	0
Dyslipidemia [description not available]	3.57	2	0
Dyslipidemias Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.	3.57	2	0
Disbacteriosis [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	3.96	13	0
Behavior Disorders [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.	2.17	1	0
Arthritis, Degenerative [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Osteoarthritis A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans.	2.17	1	0
Cardiac Toxicity [description not available]	2.82	3	0
Cardiotoxicity Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.	7.82	3	0
Nervous System Disorders [description not available]	2.93	4	0
Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.	2.93	4	0
Sterility, Male [description not available]	3.09	1	0
Infertility, Male The inability of the male to effect FERTILIZATION of an OVUM after a specified period of unprotected intercourse. Male sterility is permanent infertility.	3.09	1	0
Diathesis [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Bovine Diseases [description not available]	3.96	13	0
Ectoparasitic Infestations Infestations by PARASITES which live on, or burrow into, the surface of their host's EPIDERMIS. Most ectoparasites are ARTHROPODS.	4.78	12	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	7.21	1	0
Fish Diseases Diseases of freshwater, marine, hatchery or aquarium fish. This term includes diseases of both teleosts (true fish) and elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and skates).	2.71	3	0
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available]	2.55	2	0
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	2.55	2	0
Bronchial Hyperreactivity Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.	2.55	2	0
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	8.12	5	0
Foreign Bodies Inanimate objects that become enclosed in the body.	2.21	1	0
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	3	1	0
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	3	1	0
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.	4.03	5	0
Chromosome-Defective Micronuclei [description not available]	2.52	2	0
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.	7.8	3	0
Hyperlipemia [description not available]	2.48	2	0
Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.	2.48	2	0
Age-Related Osteoporosis [description not available]	2.08	1	0
Osteoporosis Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis.	7.08	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	2.46	2	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	2.46	2	0
Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	2.1	1	0
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	7.43	2	0
Asystole [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Heart Arrest Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.	2.11	1	0
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.	2.11	1	0
Cancer of Kidney [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	2.46	2	0
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Agricultural Worker Disease [description not available]	4.02	14	0
Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.	2.11	1	0
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	2.46	2	0
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	2.11	1	0
Infections, Plasmodium [description not available]	3.31	2	0
Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia.	3.31	2	0
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	2.13	1	0
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	2.43	2	0
Testicular Diseases Pathological processes of the TESTIS.	2.05	1	0
Nasal Catarrh [description not available]	2.73	3	0
Rhinitis Inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA, the mucous membrane lining the NASAL CAVITIES.	2.73	3	0
Adipocere [description not available]	2.69	3	0
Poisoning Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure.	3.38	7	0
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	2.45	2	0
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	7.45	2	0
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	2.67	3	0
Genetic Predisposition [description not available]	2.73	3	0
Chronic Illness [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Diseases, Occupational [description not available]	2.88	4	0
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	2.06	1	0
Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment.	3.07	5	0
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	2.06	1	0
Poultry Diseases Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.	3.07	5	0
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.	3.22	6	0
Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.	3.22	6	0
Pediculosis [description not available]	5.8	8	3
Lice Infestations Parasitic attack or subsistence on the skin by members of the order Phthiraptera, especially on humans by Pediculus humanus of the family Pediculidae. The hair of the head, eyelashes, and pubis is a frequent site of infestation. (From Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed)	5.8	8	3
Recrudescence [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Rupture Forcible or traumatic tear or break of an organ or other soft part of the body.	7.08	1	0
Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.	2.08	1	0
Black Death [description not available]	3.8	2	1
Plague An acute infectious disease caused by YERSINIA PESTIS that affects humans, wild rodents, and their ectoparasites. This condition persists due to its firm entrenchment in sylvatic rodent-flea ecosystems throughout the world. Bubonic plague is the most common form.	8.8	2	1
Ophthalmoplegia, Progressive Supranuclear [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Brown Tendon Sheath Syndrome [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive A degenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by balance difficulties; OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS (supranuclear ophthalmoplegia); DYSARTHRIA; swallowing difficulties; and axial DYSTONIA. Onset is usually in the fifth decade and disease progression occurs over several years. Pathologic findings include neurofibrillary degeneration and neuronal loss in the dorsal MESENCEPHALON; SUBTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; RED NUCLEUS; pallidum; dentate nucleus; and vestibular nuclei. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1076-7)	2.01	1	0
Schistosoma mansoni Infection [description not available]	2.42	2	0
Schistosomiasis mansoni Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma mansoni. It is endemic in Africa, the Middle East, South America, and the Caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver.	2.42	2	0
Brain Swelling [description not available]	1.94	1	0
Cardiac Failure [description not available]	1.94	1	0
Edema, Pulmonary [description not available]	2.35	2	0
Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)	1.94	1	0
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	1.94	1	0
Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.	2.35	2	0
Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Bilateral Headache [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Emesis [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Headache The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.	2.02	1	0
Vomiting The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.	2.02	1	0
Complications, Pregnancy [description not available]	2.42	2	0
Mange, Sarcoptic [description not available]	3.23	6	0
Scabies A contagious cutaneous inflammation caused by the bite of the mite SARCOPTES SCABIEI. It is characterized by pruritic papular eruptions and burrows and affects primarily the axillae, elbows, wrists, and genitalia, although it can spread to cover the entire body.	3.23	6	0
Liver Dysfunction [description not available]	2.39	2	0
Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER.	2.39	2	0
Cerebral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	2.02	1	0
Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive A group of malignant tumors of the nervous system that feature primitive cells with elements of neuronal and/or glial differentiation. Use of this term is limited by some authors to central nervous system tumors and others include neoplasms of similar origin which arise extracranially (i.e., NEUROECTODERMAL TUMORS, PRIMITIVE, PERIPHERAL). This term is also occasionally used as a synonym for MEDULLOBLASTOMA. In general, these tumors arise in the first decade of life and tend to be highly malignant. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2059)	2.02	1	0
Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082)	2.02	1	0
Hypocalcemia Reduction of the blood calcium below normal. Manifestations include hyperactive deep tendon reflexes, Chvostek's sign, muscle and abdominal cramps, and carpopedal spasm. (Dorland, 27th ed)	2.02	1	0
Lordosis The anterior concavity in the curvature of the lumbar and cervical spine as viewed from the side. The term usually refers to abnormally increased curvature (hollow back, saddle back, swayback). It does not include lordosis as normal mating posture in certain animals ( = POSTURE + SEX BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL).	2.03	1	0
Contagious Pustular Dermatitis [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Caprine Diseases [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	2.03	1	0
DNA Degradation, Necrotic The random catabolism of DNA accompanying the irreversible damage to tissue which leads to the pathological death of one or more cells.	2.03	1	0
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available]	2.65	3	0
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	4.26	7	0
Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.	2.65	3	0
Porphyria [description not available]	7.65	3	0
Dermatoses [description not available]	2.37	2	0
Porphyrias A diverse group of metabolic diseases characterized by errors in the biosynthetic pathway of HEME in the LIVER, the BONE MARROW, or both. They are classified by the deficiency of specific enzymes, the tissue site of enzyme defect, or the clinical features that include neurological (acute) or cutaneous (skin lesions). Porphyrias can be hereditary or acquired as a result of toxicity to the hepatic or erythropoietic marrow tissues.	2.65	3	0
Skin Diseases Diseases involving the DERMIS or EPIDERMIS.	2.37	2	0
Congenital Limb Deformities [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Ventricular Fibrillation A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.	2.37	2	0
Avian Diseases [description not available]	3.36	7	0
Cerebellar Diseases Diseases that affect the structure or function of the cerebellum. Cardinal manifestations of cerebellar dysfunction include dysmetria, GAIT ATAXIA, and MUSCLE HYPOTONIA.	1.96	1	0
Acrania [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Neural Tube Defects Congenital malformations of the central nervous system and adjacent structures related to defective neural tube closure during the first trimester of pregnancy generally occurring between days 18-29 of gestation. Ectodermal and mesodermal malformations (mainly involving the skull and vertebrae) may occur as a result of defects of neural tube closure. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, pp31-41)	1.96	1	0
Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.	2.36	2	0
Complications, Infectious Pregnancy [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Plant Poisoning Poisoning by the ingestion of plants or its leaves, berries, roots or stalks. The manifestations in both humans and animals vary in severity from mild to life threatening. In animals, especially domestic animals, it is usually the result of ingesting moldy or fermented forage.	1.96	1	0
Maggot Infestations [description not available]	5.14	11	1
Dermatitis Medicamentosa [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	1.98	1	0
Palsy [description not available]	2.39	2	0
Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.	1.98	1	0
Paralysis A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)	2.39	2	0
Hypermyotonia [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	2.9	1	0
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	2.9	1	0
Scoliosis An appreciable lateral deviation in the normally straight vertical line of the spine. (Dorland, 27th ed)	1.98	1	0
Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions.	1.99	1	0
Mydriasis Dilation of pupils to greater than 6 mm combined with failure of the pupils to constrict when stimulated with light. This condition may occur due to injury of the pupillary fibers in the oculomotor nerve, in acute angle-closure glaucoma, and in ADIE SYNDROME.	1.99	1	0
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Condition, Preneoplastic [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Precancerous Conditions Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.	1.98	1	0
Fasciculation Involuntary contraction of the muscle fibers innervated by a motor unit. Fasciculations may be visualized as a muscle twitch or dimpling under the skin, but usually do not generate sufficient force to move a limb. They may represent a benign condition or occur as a manifestation of MOTOR NEURON DISEASE or PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1294)	1.98	1	0
Babesia Infection [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Insect Bites [description not available]	1.99	1	0
Insect Bites and Stings Bites and stings inflicted by insects.	1.99	1	0
Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available]	2	1	0
Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	2	1	0
Pus [description not available]	2	1	0
Pemphigus Foliaceus [description not available]	2	1	0
Pemphigus Group of chronic blistering diseases characterized histologically by ACANTHOLYSIS and blister formation within the EPIDERMIS.	7	1	0
Diffuse Mixed Small and Large Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	2	1	0
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Any of a group of malignant tumors of lymphoid tissue that differ from HODGKIN DISEASE, being more heterogeneous with respect to malignant cell lineage, clinical course, prognosis, and therapy. The only common feature among these tumors is the absence of giant REED-STERNBERG CELLS, a characteristic of Hodgkin's disease.	2	1	0
Anoxemia [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.	2.01	1	0
Breathing Sounds [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Acquired Vocal Cord Palsy [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Respiratory Sounds Noises, normal and abnormal, heard on auscultation over any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT.	2.01	1	0
Vocal Cord Paralysis Congenital or acquired paralysis of one or both VOCAL CORDS. This condition is caused by defects in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, the VAGUS NERVE and branches of LARYNGEAL NERVES. Common symptoms are VOICE DISORDERS including HOARSENESS or APHONIA.	2.01	1	0
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	2.65	3	0
Dermatomycoses Superficial infections of the skin or its appendages by any of various fungi.	1.95	1	0
Depression, Endogenous [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.	1.97	1	0
Cranial Nerve Diseases Disorders of one or more of the twelve cranial nerves. With the exception of the optic and olfactory nerves, this includes disorders of the brain stem nuclei from which the cranial nerves originate or terminate.	1.97	1	0
Symptom Cluster [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Syndrome A characteristic symptom complex.	1.97	1	0
B. burgdorferi Infection [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Lyme Disease An infectious disease caused by a spirochete, BORRELIA BURGDORFERI, which is transmitted chiefly by Ixodes dammini (see IXODES) and pacificus ticks in the United States and Ixodes ricinis (see IXODES) in Europe. It is a disease with early and late cutaneous manifestations plus involvement of the nervous system, heart, eye, and joints in variable combinations. The disease was formerly known as Lyme arthritis and first discovered at Old Lyme, Connecticut.	1.97	1	0
Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning Poisoning that results from ingestion, injection, inhalation, or skin absorption of CARBON TETRACHLORIDE.	1.97	1	0
Disease, Pulmonary [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG.	1.97	1	0
Lactic Acidosis [description not available]	6.97	1	0
Absence Seizure [description not available]	2.37	2	0
Acidosis, Lactic Acidosis caused by accumulation of lactic acid more rapidly than it can be metabolized. It may occur spontaneously or in association with diseases such as DIABETES MELLITUS; LEUKEMIA; or LIVER FAILURE.	1.97	1	0
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	2.37	2	0
Coma A profound state of unconsciousness associated with depressed cerebral activity from which the individual cannot be aroused. Coma generally occurs when there is dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem RETICULAR FORMATION.	1.97	1	0
Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.	1.97	1	0
Developmental Psychomotor Disorders [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Eye Disorders [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye.	1.96	1	0
Fetal Death Death of the developing young in utero. BIRTH of a dead FETUS is STILLBIRTH.	1.95	1	0

diazinon

Description

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Overview

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Treatment

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Pharmacokinetics

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Dosage Studied

Roles (7)

Drug Classes (2)

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Research Demand Index: 54.77

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diazinon

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (251)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (7)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (56)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (256)

Molecular Functions (80)

Ceullar Components (65)

Bioassays (73)

Research

Studies (1,111)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 54.77

Study Types

Related Drugs (521)

Related Conditions (214)