Compounds > protopanaxadiol, (3beta,12beta)-isomer
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protopanaxadiol, (3beta,12beta)-isomer

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Description

(20S)-protopanaxadiol : A diastereomer of protopanaxadiol in which the 20-hydroxy substituent has been introduced at the pro-S position. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID11213350
CHEMBL ID280986
CHEMBL ID375563
CHEBI ID75950
SCHEMBL ID12935864
MeSH IDM0523234

Synonyms (39)

Synonym
(3s,8r,10r,12r,14r)-17-((s)-1-hydroxy-1,5-dimethyl-hex-4-enyl)-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-hexadecahydro-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,12-diol
chembl280986
bdbm50077655
CHEMBL375563 ,
chebi:75950 ,
30636-90-9
unii-mr8aef5t1n
mr8aef5t1n ,
(20s)-protopanaxadiol
20(s)-appd
20-epiprotopanaxadiol
S4746
AKOS015895042
dammar-24-ene-3beta,12beta,20s-triol
(3beta,12beta)-dammar-24-ene-3,12,20-triol
dammar-24-ene-3beta,12beta,20-triol
24-dammarene-3beta,12beta,20s-triol
bdbm50423990
HY-N0797
SCHEMBL12935864
C20715
(20s)-protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside aglycone
protopanasadiol
(20s)-protopanaxdiol
protopanaxadiol, analytical standard
PYXFVCFISTUSOO-HKUCOEKDSA-N
AS-63537
mfcd12032048
(3s,5r,8r,9r,10r,12r,13r,14r,17s)-17-[(2s)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-5-en-2-yl]-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,12-diol
Q7252079
(20s)-protopanaxadiol [inci]
dammar-24-ene-3.beta.,12.beta.,20-triol
(3.beta.,12.beta.)-dammar-24-ene-3,12,20-triol
dammar-24-ene-3,12,20-triol, (3.beta.,12.beta.)-
HMS3885P20
s-111
CCG-269342
dammar-24-ene-3,12,20-triol, (3beta,12beta)-
P2651
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
protopanaxadiolA tetracyclic triterpenoid sapogenin (isolated from ginseng) that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 positions and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathways (1)

PathwayProteinsCompounds
ginsenosides biosynthesis225
ginsenosides biosynthesis1032

Protein Targets (2)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Sterol O-acyltransferase 1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)IC50 (µMol)30.00000.00580.66266.0000AID31369
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)23.60000.00053.49849.7600AID723031
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (27)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
positive regulation of JUN kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein dephosphorylationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of signal transductionTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signal transductionTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeleton organizationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of endocytosisTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intracellular protein transportTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to unfolded proteinTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylationTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
platelet-derived growth factor receptor-beta signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
IRE1-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor recyclingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of MAP kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
growth hormone receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STATTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein tyrosine kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascadeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of IRE1-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of PERK-mediated unfolded protein responseTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-tyrosine dephosphorylation involved in inactivation of protein kinase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor catabolic processTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (12)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
RNA bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein tyrosine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
insulin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein kinase bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cadherin bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
ephrin receptor bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine phosphatase activityTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (11)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membraneTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial cristaTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endosome lumenTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
sorting endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic side of endoplasmic reticulum membraneTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
early endosomeTyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (101)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID568819Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Novel dammarane-type sapogenins from Panax ginseng berry and their biological activities.
AID1255693Activation of SIRT1 (unknown origin) after 45 mins by NAD/NADH enzyme-based fluorometric assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
New SIRT1 activator from alkaline hydrolysate of total saponins in the stems-leaves of Panax ginseng.
AID31369In vitro inhibitory activity of compound was measured on rat liver Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-17, Volume: 9, Issue:10
Acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitory activity of ginseng sapogenins, produced from the ginseng saponins.
AID1674937Activation of human CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 10 uM relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID277560Reduction of Akt phosphorylation in human U87MG cells after 7 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1674947Binding affinity to rabbit CK-MM at 20 uM2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID641591Renoprotective activity against AAPH-induced oxidative damage in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as cell viability at 1 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1
Protective effect of ginseng sapogenins against 2,2'-azobis (1-aminopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced LLC-PK₁ cell damage.
AID1370961Activation of SIRT1 (unknown origin) assessed as Fluor de Lys deacetylation at 10 to 20 uM incubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 45 mins in presence of NAD/NADH by fluorescence assay2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-01, Volume: 28, Issue:3
SIRT1 activator isolated from artificial gastric juice incubate of total saponins in stems and leaves of Panax ginseng.
AID771508Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 by dilution technique2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID277569Activation of caspase 7in human SF188 cells2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID771496Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii by dilution technique2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID1216244Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 4 ((20S,24S)-epoxydammarane-12,25-diol-3-one) formation at 50 uM after 180 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID277547Cytotoxicity against human U87MG cells after 24 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216263Oral bioavailability in rat at 25 mg/kg2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID771505Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis 168 by dilution technique in presence of kanamycin2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID277563Induction of autophagy in human U87MG cells by MDC staining at 108.4 uM after 4 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID277571Activation of caspase 9 in human SF188 cells2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216264Oral bioavailability in dog at 8 mg/kg2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID277566Activation of caspase 8 in human SF188 cells at 108.4 uM2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID277551Activation of caspases in human U87MG cells2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1172988Induction of apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as increase in cells at early apoptotic phase at 2.5 uM after 24 hrs by annexin-V-FITC/propidium iodide staining- based flow cytometric analysis (Rvb = 4.76%)2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Inhibitory effects of ginseng sapogenins on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.
AID1674936Activation of human CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 5 uM relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID568822Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Novel dammarane-type sapogenins from Panax ginseng berry and their biological activities.
AID277570Activation of caspase 8 in human SF188 cells2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1172987Cytotoxicity against pig LLC-PK1 cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Inhibitory effects of ginseng sapogenins on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.
AID568823Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Novel dammarane-type sapogenins from Panax ginseng berry and their biological activities.
AID1216265Drug excretion in po dosed rat feces measured within 48 hrs2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1216241Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 6 ((24S,25)-epoxydammarane-3,12,20-triol formation at 50 uM after 180 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID277555Cell viability in human SF188 cells in presence of Z-VAD-FMK2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216242Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 2 ((20S,24S)-epoxydammarane-3,12,25-triol) formation at 50 uM after 180 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1674945Activation of rabbit CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 40 uM relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID1255691Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
New SIRT1 activator from alkaline hydrolysate of total saponins in the stems-leaves of Panax ginseng.
AID277557Cell viability of human SF188 cells in presence of tBHQ, Z-VAD-FMK2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216260Drug excretion in Sprague-Dawley rat feces assessed as metabolite 5 ((20S,24R)-epoxydammarane-12,25-diol-3-one) level at 100 mg/kg/day, po qd for 11 days administered via gavage by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1216245Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 5 ((20S,24R)-epoxydammarane-12,25-diol-3-one) formation at 50 uM after 180 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID771509Antibacterial activity against community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 by dilution technique2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID277545Cytotoxicity against human SF188 cells at 108.4 uM within 10 hrs by MTT assay2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1674939Activation of human CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 40 uM relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID277565Activation of caspase 7 in human SF188 cells at 108.4 uM2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216238Drug metabolism in mixed human liver microsomes assessed as metabolite 4 ((20S,24S)-epoxydammarane-12,25-diol-3-one) formation at 50 uM after 60 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1172989Induction of apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as increase in expression of cleaved caspase 8 at 2.5 to 5.8 uM after 24 hrs by SDS-polyactylamide gel electrophoresis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Inhibitory effects of ginseng sapogenins on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.
AID1674944Activation of rabbit CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 20 uM relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID1216247Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 6-2 ((3R,6S)-6-((3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,12R,14R,17S)-3,12-dihydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-2-methylheptane-2,3,6-triol) formation at 50 uM after 180 mins2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID771495Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa by dilution technique2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID277559Induction of autophagy in human U87MG cells by MDC staining at 43.4 uM after 4 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID277546Cytotoxicity against human SF188 cells after 24 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216256Drug metabolism in mixed human liver microsomes assessed as glucuronide conjugate metabolite level at 50 uM after 120 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry in presence of UDPGA2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1674942Binding affinity to recombinant human His-tagged CK-MM at 20 uM by Biolayer Interferometry analysis2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID1216235Drug metabolism in mixed human liver microsomes assessed as metabolite 6 ((24S,25)-epoxydammarane-3,12,20-triol formation at 50 uM after 60 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID723031Inhibition of PTP1B (unknown origin)2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 23, Issue:1
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory effect by dammarane-type triterpenes from hydrolyzate of total Gynostemma pentaphyllum saponins.
AID1216266Retention time of the compound at 100 uM measured after 60 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry in presence of 10 uM 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1216258Drug excretion in Sprague-Dawley rat feces assessed as metabolite 3 ((20S,24R)-epoxydammarane-3,12,25-triol) level at 100 mg/kg/day, po qd for 11 days administered via gavage by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1674941Activation of human CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 5 to 80 uM2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID329593Antiproliferative activity against HUVEC cells after 72 hrs2008Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 71, Issue:3
Antitumor agents. 261. 20(S)-protopanaxadiol and 20(s)-protopanaxatriol as antiangiogenic agents and total assignment of (1)H NMR spectra.
AID277558Induction of autophagy in human SF188 cells by MDC staining at 43.4 uM after 4 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID568821Cytotoxicity against human COLO205 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Novel dammarane-type sapogenins from Panax ginseng berry and their biological activities.
AID755321Cytotoxicity against human KB/VCR cells assessed as cell viability at 5 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD) analogues chemosensitize multidrug-resistant cancer cells to clinical anticancer drugs.
AID1172986Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 cells after 4 hrs by MTT assay2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Inhibitory effects of ginseng sapogenins on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.
AID1255692Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22
New SIRT1 activator from alkaline hydrolysate of total saponins in the stems-leaves of Panax ginseng.
AID647800Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Triterpenes possessing an unprecedented skeleton isolated from hydrolyzate of total saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum.
AID771506Antibacterial activity against community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 by dilution technique in presence of kanamycin2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID277543Cytotoxicity against human SF188 cells at 43.4 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID568818Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Novel dammarane-type sapogenins from Panax ginseng berry and their biological activities.
AID329594Cell viability of HUVEC cells at 20 ug/ml2008Journal of natural products, Mar, Volume: 71, Issue:3
Antitumor agents. 261. 20(S)-protopanaxadiol and 20(s)-protopanaxatriol as antiangiogenic agents and total assignment of (1)H NMR spectra.
AID1172990Induction of apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as increase in expression of cleaved caspase 3 at 2.5 to 5.8 uM after 24 hrs by SDS-polyactylamide gel electrophoresis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Inhibitory effects of ginseng sapogenins on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.
AID1216246Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 6-1 ((3S,6S)-6-((3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,12R,14R,17S)-3,12-dihydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-2-methylheptane-2,3,6-triol) formation at 50 uM after 180 mins2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1674943Activation of rabbit CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 10 uM relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID277568Activation of caspase 3 in human SF188 cells2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216257Drug excretion in Sprague-Dawley rat feces assessed as metabolite 2 ((20S,24S)-epoxydammarane-3,12,25-triol) level at 100 mg/kg/day, po qd for 11 days administered via gavage by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID755319Inhibition of p-gp in human KB/VCR cells assessed as potentiation of 1 uM docetaxel-induced cytotoxicity at 5 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
20(S)-Protopanaxadiol (PPD) analogues chemosensitize multidrug-resistant cancer cells to clinical anticancer drugs.
AID277552Increase in superoxide anion level in human SF188 cells after 2 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID771504Antibacterial activity against community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 by dilution technique in presence of chloramphenicol2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID277554Cell viability in human SF188 cells in presence of tBHQ at 86.8 uM2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216249Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 7-2 ((2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(2-((2R,5S)-5-((3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,12R,14R,17S)-3,12-dihydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)propan-2-y2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID771503Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis 168 by dilution technique in presence of chloramphenicol2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID1216239Drug metabolism in mixed human liver microsomes assessed as metabolite 5 ((20S,24R)-epoxydammarane-12,25-diol-3-one) formation at 50 uM after 60 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1172991Induction of apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as increase in expression of cleaved PARP at 2.5 to 5.8 uM after 24 hrs by SDS-polyactylamide gel electrophoresis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Inhibitory effects of ginseng sapogenins on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.
AID647802Cytotoxicity against human Hep3B cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Triterpenes possessing an unprecedented skeleton isolated from hydrolyzate of total saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum.
AID1216237Drug metabolism in mixed human liver microsomes assessed as metabolite 3 ((20S,24R)-epoxydammarane-3,12,25-triol) formation at 50 uM after 60 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID277556Cell viability in human SF188 cells2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1674940Activation of human CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 80 uM relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID771494Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli by dilution technique2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID771507Antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis 168 by dilution technique2013European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 68Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ocotillol-type triterpenoid derivatives as antibacterial agents.
AID1216236Drug metabolism in mixed human liver microsomes assessed as metabolite 2 ((20S,24S)-epoxydammarane-3,12,25-triol) formation at 50 uM after 60 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID568820Cytotoxicity against human DU145 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-01, Volume: 21, Issue:3
Novel dammarane-type sapogenins from Panax ginseng berry and their biological activities.
AID641592Renoprotective activity against AAPH-induced oxidative damage in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as cell viability at 5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1
Protective effect of ginseng sapogenins against 2,2'-azobis (1-aminopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced LLC-PK₁ cell damage.
AID1172992Induction of apoptosis in human MDA-MB-231 cells assessed as decrease in expression of full-length BID at 2.5 to 5.8 uM after 24 hrs by SDS-polyactylamide gel electrophoresis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Inhibitory effects of ginseng sapogenins on the proliferation of triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.
AID277544Cytotoxicity against human U87MG cells at 108.4 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID277562Induction of autophagy in human SF188 cells by MDC staining at 108.4 uM after 4 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID277567Activation of caspase 9 in human SF188 cells at 108.4 uM2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1674938Activation of human CK-MM assessed as increase in enzyme activity at 20 uM relative to control2020Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 09-01, Volume: 30, Issue:17
Structure-activity relationship analysis of dammarane-type natural products as muscle-type creatine kinase activators.
AID641593Renoprotective activity against AAPH-induced oxidative damage in pig LLC-PK1 cells assessed as cell viability at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 22, Issue:1
Protective effect of ginseng sapogenins against 2,2'-azobis (1-aminopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH)-induced LLC-PK₁ cell damage.
AID277564Activation of caspase 3 in human SF188 cells at 108.4 uM2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID1216259Drug excretion in Sprague-Dawley rat feces assessed as metabolite 4 ((20S,24S)-epoxydammarane-12,25-diol-3-one) level at 100 mg/kg/day, po qd for 11 days administered via gavage by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID1216243Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 3 ((20S,24R)-epoxydammarane-3,12,25-triol) formation at 50 uM after 180 mins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization ion trap mass spectrometry2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID647801Cytotoxicity against human U87 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Triterpenes possessing an unprecedented skeleton isolated from hydrolyzate of total saponins from Gynostemma pentaphyllum.
AID1216248Drug metabolism in human hepatocytes assessed as metabolite 7-1 ((2S,3S,4S,5R,6S)-6-(2-((2S,5S)-5-((3S,5R,8R,9R,10R,12R,14R,17S)-3,12-dihydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethylhexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl)-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl)propan-2-y2011Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Mar, Volume: 39, Issue:3
Identification of 20(S)-protopanaxadiol metabolites in human liver microsomes and human hepatocytes.
AID277549Induction of apoptosis in human U87MG cells at 108.4 uM within 7 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID277561Reduction of Akt phosphorylation in human SF188 cells after 5 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID277553Increase in superoxide anion level in human U87MG cells after 2 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
AID277548Induction of apoptosis in human SF188 cells at 108.4 uM within 3 hrs2007Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 70, Issue:2
20S-protopanaxadiol-induced programmed cell death in glioma cells through caspase-dependent and -independent pathways.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (14)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's1 (7.14)18.2507
2000's2 (14.29)29.6817
2010's10 (71.43)24.3611
2020's1 (7.14)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 12.64

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index12.64 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.71 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.35 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (12.64)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other14 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
niacinamide
nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.		2.1710pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinecarboxamide;
vitamin B3		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
Sir2 inhibitor
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		2.0810aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		2.0810nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		2.0810C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		2.0810kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		2.110taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide
[no description available]		2.0710beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
epigallocatechin gallate
epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.		2.110flavans;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
panaxadiol
panaxadiol: a protopanaxadiol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis; RN refers to (3 beta,12 beta,20R)-isomer		2.2510triterpenoid saponin
panaxatriol
panaxatriol: a protopanaxatriol with the side chain cyclized into a pyran which is an artifact of acidic hydrolysis		2.2510triterpenoid saponin
ginsenoside rh2
ginsenoside Rh2: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.612012beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
bone density conservation agent;
cardioprotective agent;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
25-hydroxyprotopanaxadiol
25-hydroxyprotopanaxadiol: anti-cancer ginsenoside; structure in first source		2.0610
ginsenoside rg1
[no description available]		2.251012beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		neuroprotective agent;
pro-angiogenic agent
resveratrol
trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.		2.1710resveratrolantioxidant;
phytoalexin;
plant metabolite;
quorum sensing inhibitor;
radical scavenger
vinorelbine
[no description available]		2.1110acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
[no description available]		2.0310
ginsenoside f1
ginsenoside F1: from ginseng. ginsenoside F1 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.171012beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
6alpha-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		apoptosis inhibitor;
plant metabolite
ginsenoside rg3
ginsenoside Rg3: from Red ginseng; inhibits lung metastasis of tumor cells; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.1710ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
protopanaxatriol
protopanaxtriol: a cardioprotective agent isolated from Panax notoginseng; structure in first source		3.195012beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
6alpha-hydroxy steroid;
sapogenin;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		metabolite
ginsenoside rk1
ginsenoside Rk1: structure in first source		2.1110
ginsenoside rd
ginsenoside Rd: RN refers to (3beta,12beta)-isomer. ginsenoside Rd : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to its beta-D-glucopyranoside.		2.2510beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
apoptosis inducer;
immunosuppressive agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
vulnerary
ginsenoside rh1
ginsenoside Rh1: RN given for (3beta,6alpha,12beta)-isomer. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh1 : A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is (20S)-protopanaxadiol which is substituted by beta-D-glucoside at the 6alpha position.		2.111012beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
jujubogenin
jujubogenin: dammarane type triterpene		2.2510
ginsenoside rg2
ginsenoside Rg2: structure in first source; RN given refers to (6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-isomer. ginsenoside Rg2 : A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 6alpha, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 6 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.171012beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
disaccharide derivative;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		anticoagulant;
cardioprotective agent;
plant metabolite
ginsenoside rh4
ginsenoside Rh4: isolated from Korean red ginseng Panax ginseng; structure in first source		2.1710triterpenoid saponin
23-hydroxybetulinic acid
23-hydroxybetulinic acid: structure in first source		2.0810triterpenoidmetabolite
(20R)-ginsenoside Rg3
(20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-R positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.		2.1710ginsenoside;
glycoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
ginsenoside rk3
ginsenoside Rk3: structure in first source		2.1710
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		02.0310
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		02.0310
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.7830
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		02.7830
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
[description not available]		02.110
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms
Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.		02.110