Page last updated: 2024-12-08

liensinine

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

liensinine: RN given for (R-(R*,R*))-isomer [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	160644
CHEBI ID	186021
SCHEMBL ID	12807599
MeSH ID	M0214144

Synonyms (18)

Synonym
2586-96-1
phenol, 4-[[(1r)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl]methyl]-2-[[(1r)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-6-methoxy-2-methyl-7-isoquinolinyl]oxy]-
liensinine
4-[[(1r)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]-2-[[(1r)-1-[(4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-6-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-7-yl]oxy]phenol
CHEBI:186021
phenol, 4-((1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl)-2-((1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-((4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-7-isoquinolinyl)oxy)-, (r-(r,r))-
S9411
AKOS015903080
SCHEMBL12807599
AC-34403
HY-N0484
mfcd03427702
CCG-270234
H10631
CS-0009003
DTXSID80948754
AS-56226
EX-A8013N

Research Excerpts

Overview

Liensinine (LIE) is a bisbenzylisoquinoline-type alkaloid extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Liensinine (LIE) is a bisbenzylisoquinoline-type alkaloid extracted from the seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera."	( Liensinine attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in spleen tissue in an LPS-induced mouse sepsis model. Chu, M; Dong, J; Dong, Z; Fan, H; Pan, E; Qiang, J; Shi, J; Tan, X; Wang, H; Wang, Y; Xu, B; Yang, Y; Zhang, X, 2023)	3.07
"Liensinine (LSN) is a naturally derived bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is known to exhibit numerous antioxidative and cardiovascular beneficial effects."	( Liensinine prevents ischemic injury following myocardial infarction via inhibition of Wnt/β‑catenin signaling activation. Ma, E; Peng, J; Ren, DN; Shen, F; Wo, D; Wu, C; Zhong, X; Zhu, W, 2023)	3.07

Effects

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Liensinine has been proved to have hypotensive effect."	( Liensinine induces gallbladder cancer apoptosis and G2/M arrest by inhibiting ZFX-induced PI3K/AKT pathway. Bian, R; Gao, Y; Li, Y; Liu, Y; Shen, Y; Song, X; Xu, Y; Zhang, Y, 2019)	2.68

Pharmacokinetics

The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study involving intravenous administration of liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine to rats.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"A method for the determination of plasma concentration of liensinine with HPLC and pharmacokinetic study of liensinine in rabbits were reported."	( [Pharmacokinetics of liensinine in rabbits]. Cai, H; Hu, X; Lou, S; Yin, W; Zhang, X, 1992)	0.85
" This developed method was applied in the plasma pharmacokinetic study of total bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids (TAL) of the lotus flower (Lian Zi Xin) following a single oral and intravenous administration of TAL in rats."	( Simultaneous determination of liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine from seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. in rat plasma by a rapid HPLC method and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Bai, Y; Huang, Y; Liu, P; Wang, J; Xiang, J; Zhao, L, 2011)	0.66
"The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study involving intravenous administration of liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine to rats."	( Simultaneous determination of liensinine, isoliensinine and neferine in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and application of the technique to pharmacokinetic studies. Bu, T; Chen, D; Chen, ZC; Dong, YY; Ge, RS; Hu, G; Wang, YY; Xu, RA; Yao, WW, 2015)	0.92
" The method was also successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of liensinine in rats."	( Quantification of liensinine in rat plasma using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study. Li, HW; Lv, SF; Wang, B; Wang, XH; Zhang, XL, 2015)	0.98

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

Class	Description
isoquinolines	A class of organic heteropolycyclic compound consisting of isoquinoline and its substitution derivatives.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (51)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	4 (7.84)	18.7374
1990's	6 (11.76)	18.2507
2000's	7 (13.73)	29.6817
2010's	20 (39.22)	24.3611
2020's	14 (27.45)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 28.35

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	28.35 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	3.95 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	5.11 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	34.37 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (28.35)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	1 (1.96%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	50 (98.04%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.	2.41	1	long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
spermidine [no description available]	3.25	1	polyazaalkane; triamine	autophagy inducer; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector
bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.	1.98	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
berberine [no description available]	7.08	1	alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	1.98	1	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	2.03	1	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source	2.31	1	chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound	autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
maprotiline Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.	3.25	1	anthracenes
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	3.25	1	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
tert-butylhydroperoxide tert-Butylhydroperoxide: A direct-acting oxidative stress-inducing agent used to examine the effects of oxidant stress on Ca(2+)-dependent signal transduction in vascular endothelial cells. It is also used as a catalyst in polymerization reactions and to introduce peroxy groups into organic molecules.. tert-butyl hydroperoxide : An alkyl hydroperoxide in which the alkyl group is tert-butyl. It is widely used in a variety of oxidation processes.	2.08	1	alkyl hydroperoxide	antibacterial agent; oxidising agent
trehalose alpha,alpha-trehalose : A trehalose in which both glucose residues have alpha-configuration at the anomeric carbon.	3.25	1	trehalose	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	3.25	1	pyrrole; secondary amine
cepharanthine cepharanthine: isoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of STEPHANIA; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation. cepharanthine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from tubers of Stephania; stimulates recovery of immunologic function in lymphatic system after administration of antineoplastic agents or x-irradiation.	3.25	1	bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	2.08	1	dialdehyde	biomarker
dauricine dauricine: RN given refers to parent cpd. dauricine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 4-{[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl}phenol by attachment of the phenolic oxygen of one molecule to the benzene ring of the second (ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group of the latter).	3.25	1	aromatic ether; bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid; isoquinolines; phenols; tertiary amino compound	plant metabolite
higenamine higenamine: structure; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer	2.11	1	norcoclaurine
perchlorate perchlorate: the explosive component of rocket fuel; an environmental contaminant that disrupts THYROID HORMONES. perchlorate : A monovalent inorganic anion obtained by deprotonation of perchloric acid.	7.17	1	chlorine oxoanion; monovalent inorganic anion
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	2.4	2	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	3.25	1	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.	3.25	1	stilbene
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)	2.08	1
isoliensinine isoliensinine: isolated from the Chinese herbal medicine lotus plumule; structure in first source	5.38	17	isoquinolines
cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.	3.25	1	D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone	geroprotector; human metabolite
sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.	3.25	1	antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol	antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor
mk 2206 MK 2206: a protein kinase inhibitor and antineoplastic agent	2.31	1	organic heterotricyclic compound	EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
gx 15-070 obatoclax: a pan-Bcl-2 inhibitor potentially useful in treating mantle cell lymphoma	3.25	1
transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.	2.02	1
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor	2.31	1
neferine neferine: isolated from green seed embryo of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn	4.43	20

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Dyslipidemia [description not available]	2.41	1
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available]	2.41	1
Dyslipidemias Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.	2.41	1
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.	7.41	1
Blood Poisoning [description not available]	3.01	2
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	3.52	4
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	3.52	4
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	3.01	2
Cardiac Rupture, Traumatic [description not available]	2.6	1
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	2.6	1
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	7.6	1
Acute Brain Injuries [description not available]	2.6	1
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available]	2.6	1
Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.	2.6	1
Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.	2.6	1
Sepsis Associated Delirium [description not available]	2.6	1
Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling [description not available]	2.6	1
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	2.6	1
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	2.6	1
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	2.6	1
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	7.6	1
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	7.6	1
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	2.6	1
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available]	2.6	1
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)	2.6	1
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	2.6	1
Lung Injury, Acute [description not available]	2.6	1
Acute Lung Injury A condition of lung damage that is characterized by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates (PULMONARY EDEMA) rich in NEUTROPHILS, and in the absence of clinical HEART FAILURE. This can represent a spectrum of pulmonary lesions, endothelial and epithelial, due to numerous factors (physical, chemical, or biological).	7.6	1
Cardiac Toxicity [description not available]	2.58	2
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.57	2
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	2.25	1
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	2.25	1
Cardiotoxicity Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.	2.58	2
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	2.31	1
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	2.31	1
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available]	2.31	1
Autoimmune Disease [description not available]	3.06	1
Diseases of Immune System [description not available]	3.06	1
Infection [description not available]	3.06	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	3.06	1
Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides.	3.06	1
Immune System Diseases Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated, or both.	3.06	1
Infections Invasion of the host organism by microorganisms or their toxins or by parasites that can cause pathological conditions or diseases.	3.06	1
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	3.06	1
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.	2.17	1
Colorectal Cancer [description not available]	7.17	1
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.	2.17	1
Cancer of Gallbladder [description not available]	2.21	1
Gallbladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the gallbladder.	2.21	1
Arrhythmia [description not available]	2.08	1
Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.	2.08	1
Breast Cancer [description not available]	7.11	1
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	2.11	1
ER-Negative PR-Negative HER2-Negative Breast Cancer [description not available]	2.11	1
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms Breast neoplasms that do not express ESTROGEN RECEPTORS; PROGESTERONE RECEPTORS; and do not overexpress the NEU RECEPTOR/HER-2 PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEIN.	2.11	1
Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available]	2.02	1
Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.	7.02	1

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