Page last updated: 2024-11-13

ethyl cellulose

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID24832091
CHEBI ID168398
MeSH IDM0061318

Synonyms (30)

Synonym
CHEBI:168398
2-[4,5-diethoxy-2-(ethoxymethyl)-6-methoxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxane-3,4-diol
aquacoat
aquacoat ecd 30
spt 50 cps
ethocel std
cellulose ethylate
ampacet e/c
cellulose, triethyl ether
ethylcellulose
ethocel n10
ethocel med
ethyl cellulose
surelease
ethocel 890
cellulose, ethyl ester
ethocel n200
et 100 (cellulose derivative)
ethocel e7
aquacoat ecd 30fmc
ethocel n7
triethyl cellulose
ethocel
ethocel 150
cellulose ethyl
nixon e/c
ethocel e50
spt 50cps
cellulose ethyl ether
9004-57-3

Research Excerpts

Overview

Ethyl cellulose is a promising biopolymer for corrosion caused by microorganisms owing to its high mechanical strength, nontoxicity, and biodegradability.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Ethyl cellulose is a promising biopolymer for corrosion caused by microorganisms owing to its high mechanical strength, nontoxicity, and biodegradability."( An ecofriendly coaxial antibacterial and anticorrosion nanofiber pullulan-ethyl cellulose embedded with carvacrol coating for protection against marine corrosion.
Duan, J; Han, D; Hou, B; Jiang, Q; Wu, S; Yuan, S; Zhao, X, 2023
)
1.86

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Given the nature of these findings and the lack of effects on any other parameter measured in this study, they were not considered adverse effects of treatment."( Developmental toxicity study of Aquacoat ECD ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion administered orally to rats.
Freeman, C; Kotkoskie, LA; Palmieri, MA, 2000
)
0.31
" Clinical observations, ophthalmology, body weight and food consumption, hematology, coagulation, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, functional observational assessments, motor activity, organ weights and ratios and macroscopic and microscopic observations did not reveal any significant, consistent, dose-dependent test article-related adverse effects."( A subchronic toxicity study in rats and genotoxicity tests with an aqueous ethylcellulose dispersion.
Borzelleca, JF; DeMerlis, CC; Schoneker, DR, 2005
)
0.33
" The main objective of this study is to assess the safety of Glipizide (GZ) loaded polymeric nanoparticle systematically and to observe the toxic effects of nanoparticles on the functions of various tissues and organs in rats."( Sub acute toxicity assessment of glipizide engineered polymeric nanoparticles.
Kishore, N; Lekshmi, UM; Reddy, PN, 2011
)
0.37
" Cytotoxicity results indicated that COMS were safe on skin cells, when compared to pure CO."( Ecofriendly Ethyl Cellulose Microsponges of Citronella Oil: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Larvicidal assay.
Kumar, N; Kumar, S; Rao, R; Sharma, R; Singh, SP, 2020
)
0.94

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"This paper reports the preparation and pharmacokinetic studies of DDP-EC-ms."( [Studies on pharmacokinetics of cisplatin-ethylcellulose microspheres for maxillary arterial embolization in dogs].
Qi, XR; Wei, SL; Yang, J, 1992
)
0.28
"Hydroxy propyl cellulose (HPC)-ethyl cellulose (EC) microcapsules containing piretanide were newly by a solvent evaporation technique and their slow-release properties were evaluated on dissolution properties in vitro and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters in beagle dogs."( Preparation and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of hydroxy propyl cellulose-ethyl cellulose microcapsules containing piretanide.
Goto, S; Kawata, M; Suzuki, N; Tsujiyama, T; Uchida, T, 1989
)
0.78
" Pharmacokinetic studies in dogs after oral administration of acyclovir controlled-release capsules showed that the formulation was successful in providing slow release of aciclovir and was superior to a commercially available controlled-release formulation."( Formulation and pharmacokinetic studies of acyclovir controlled-release capsules.
Fei, H; Li, X; Tu, J; Wang, L; Yang, J, 2001
)
0.31
" To compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability in six Beagle dogs after oral administration of VH-COERP and verapamil hydrochloride delayed-release pellets (VH-DRP) as reference."( [Preparation of verapamil hydrochloride controlled-onset extended-release pellets and its pharmacokinetics in dogs].
Chen, HX; Chen, XJ; Chen, ZP; Li, LR; Xiao, YY; Zhu, JB, 2006
)
0.33
" The concentration of VH in plasma of six dogs and its pharmacokinetic behaviors after oral administration of VH-COERP and VH-DRP at different times were studied by RP-HPLC."( [Preparation of verapamil hydrochloride controlled-onset extended-release pellets and its pharmacokinetics in dogs].
Chen, HX; Chen, XJ; Chen, ZP; Li, LR; Xiao, YY; Zhu, JB, 2006
)
0.33
" Compared with the VH-DRP, VH-COERP in vivo has an obviously lag time (4 h) , Tmax was also delayed (8 h) and the relative bioavailability was (94."( [Preparation of verapamil hydrochloride controlled-onset extended-release pellets and its pharmacokinetics in dogs].
Chen, HX; Chen, XJ; Chen, ZP; Li, LR; Xiao, YY; Zhu, JB, 2006
)
0.33
" The pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability in six Beagle dogs after oral administration of RH-ST and ranolazine hydrochloride common tablets (RH-CT) as reference were compared."( [Optimization of the formulation of ranolazine hydrochloride sustained-release tablet and its pharmacokinetics in dogs].
Li, CJ; Li, Y; Wang, JY; Yang, QM; Yu, YL; Zhang, YH, 2010
)
0.36
" The pharmacodynamic effect of the chosen preparation was tested on the shaved back of histamine sensitized rabbits."( Microencapsulation of hydroxyzine HCl by thermal phase separation: in vitro release enhancement and in vivo pharmacodynamic evaluation.
Ibrahim Soliman, I; latif Aziz, R; Zaki Rizkalla, CM, 2013
)
0.39
" The pharmacokinetic evaluation of MS5 in rabbits revealed 10-fold increase in bioavailability as compared to native curcumin, demonstrated the superiority of microsponges over native curcumin as gastro retentive drug delivery system."( Assessing the viability of microsponges as gastro retentive drug delivery system of curcumin: optimization and pharmacokinetics.
Arya, P; Pathak, K, 2014
)
0.4
" In vivo pharmacokinetic studies were carried out in rabbits."( Formulation and Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Ethyl Cellulose/HPMC-Based Oral Expandable Sustained Release Dosage of Losartan Potassium.
Fazli, AA; Khan, NA; Raza, SN; Sheikh, FA; Wani, TU, 2022
)
0.98

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Results indicated it was possible to prepare high-dose sustained-release NA pellets combined with little-dose immediate release SIM by spraying double EC polymer and SIM milled suspension on NA pellets in a bottom-spray fluidized bed coater, respectively."( Preparation and evaluation of nicotinic acid sustained-release pellets combined with immediate release simvastatin.
Guan, T; Hong, M; Li, G; Tang, X; Tao, X; Zhang, L; Zhao, X, 2010
)
0.36
" Moreover, a rapid discriminant model for determining oleogel oxidation was established using an electronic nose combined with cluster analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant factor analysis (DFA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA)."( Analysis of thermal oxidation of different multi-element oleogels based on carnauba wax, β-sitosterol/lecithin, and ethyl cellulose by classical oxidation determination method combined with the electronic nose.
Eun, JB; Qiu, H; Qu, K; Zhang, H, 2023
)
1.12

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"The bioavailability of theophylline microcapsules prepared by using ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer as a coacervation-inducing agent was studied in rats."( Bioavailability studies of theophylline ethylcellulose microcapsules prepared by using ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as a coacervation-inducing agent.
Lin, SY; Yang, JC, 1987
)
0.27
" It seems that success in sustained release of a drug depended on the magnitude of the gastric-emptying and intestinal-transit rate constant (kgi) of microcapsules, in the case of a drug with a small absorption rate constant (ka) as observed with ampicillin."( In vivo evaluation of ethyl cellulose microcapsules containing ampicillin using rabbits, beagle dogs and humans.
Goto, S; Kawata, M; Uchida, T, 1986
)
0.59
"The oral bioavailability of new formulations of ceftizoxime sodium was investigated in animals and humans."( Effect of ethyl cellulose in a medium-chain triglyceride on the bioavailability of ceftizoxime.
Kozatani, J; Shimojo, F; Ueda, I, 1983
)
0.67
" In the in vivo evaluation using abdominal rat skin, the ethanol/panasate 800 (40/60)-7% (w/w) ethylcellulose gel produced a good feature as a sustained-release preparation, with a relatively high bioavailability (BA) of theophylline, and dose dependency was observed."( Transdermal delivery of theophylline using an ethanol/panasate 800-ethylcellulose gel preparation.
Goto, S; Kim, NS; Kitagawa, K; Lee, CK; Uchida, T, 1995
)
0.29
" By comparing the areas under serum concentration-time curves (AUCs), the bioavailability of cisplatin was estimated to be 31%."( Oral sustained-release cisplatin preparation for rats and mice.
Amano, Y; Hitomi, S; Ike, O; Nakai, N; Nakano, K; Ogita, I; Takada, K; Wada, H, 1997
)
0.3
" Pharmacokinetic and bioavailability study in eight human subjects were performed by HPLC method."( [Studies on diclofenac sodium pulsatile release pellets].
Dang, DS; Guo, T; Song, HT; Sui, Y; Sun, XH; Zheng, CL, 2003
)
0.32
"8 h, and the bioavailability was (91 +/- 12)%."( [Studies on diclofenac sodium pulsatile release pellets].
Dang, DS; Guo, T; Song, HT; Sui, Y; Sun, XH; Zheng, CL, 2003
)
0.32
" The mean absolute bioavailability of ranitidine from the immediate release, small intestinal release and colonic release formulations were 50."( The use of formulation technology to assess regional gastrointestinal drug absorption in humans.
Basit, AW; Ell, PJ; Lacey, LF; Newton, JM; Podczeck, F; Waddington, WA, 2004
)
0.32
" Moreover, administration of the matrix-in-cylinder system resulted in a 4-fold increase in propranolol bioavailability when compared with a commercial sustained release formulation (Inderal)."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a matrix-in-cylinder system for sustained drug delivery.
Gielen, I; Mehuys, E; Remon, JP; Van Bree, H; Vervaet, C, 2004
)
0.32
"The bioavailability of ibuprofen from hot-melt extruded mini-matrices based on ethyl cellulose and a hydrophilic excipient was tested."( Bioavailability of ibuprofen from hot-melt extruded mini-matrices.
De Brabander, C; Remon, JP; Van Bortel, L; Vervaet, C, 2004
)
0.55
"For many new chemical entities (NCE) of very low solubility oral bioavailability enhancement by micronisation is not sufficient, the next step taken was nanonisation."( Drug nanocrystals of poorly soluble drugs produced by high pressure homogenisation.
Keck, CM; Müller, RH, 2006
)
0.33
" Although a significant difference in dissolution rate of the 20% and 30% xanthan gum mini-matrices was detected in vitro, the difference in relative bioavailability was limited (70."( Xanthan gum to tailor drug release of sustained-release ethylcellulose mini-matrices prepared via hot-melt extrusion: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
Remon, JP; Verhoeven, E; Vervaet, C, 2006
)
0.33
" Also, nasal administration of this formulation gave a quicker absorption rate than subcutaneous administration of SCT."( Improved nasal absorption of salmon calcitonin by powdery formulation with N-acetyl-L-cysteine as a mucolytic agent.
Horikiri, Y; Matsuyama, T; Morita, T; Yamahara, H; Yoshino, H, 2006
)
0.33
" To compare the pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability in six Beagle dogs after oral administration of VH-COERP and verapamil hydrochloride delayed-release pellets (VH-DRP) as reference."( [Preparation of verapamil hydrochloride controlled-onset extended-release pellets and its pharmacokinetics in dogs].
Chen, HX; Chen, XJ; Chen, ZP; Li, LR; Xiao, YY; Zhu, JB, 2006
)
0.33
" Compared with the VH-DRP, VH-COERP in vivo has an obviously lag time (4 h) , Tmax was also delayed (8 h) and the relative bioavailability was (94."( [Preparation of verapamil hydrochloride controlled-onset extended-release pellets and its pharmacokinetics in dogs].
Chen, HX; Chen, XJ; Chen, ZP; Li, LR; Xiao, YY; Zhu, JB, 2006
)
0.33
" The enhanced bioavailability and elimination half-life observed in the present study may be due to the floating nature of the dosage form."( Controlled release calcium silicate based floating granular delivery system of ranitidine hydrochloride.
Agrawal, GP; Jain, AK; Jain, SK; Yadav, A, 2006
)
0.33
" However, pellets with higher coating level and correspondingly longer lag time showed decreased bioavailability of acetaminophen."( In vitro and in vivo performance of a multiparticulate pulsatile drug delivery system.
Dashevsky, A; Mohamad, A, 2007
)
0.34
" An intranasal administration experiment revealed that the use of less wettable powders provided better nasal absorbability, and the highest absolute bioavailability (30."( Influence of fillers in powder formulations containing N-acetyl-L-cysteine on nasal peptide absorption.
Horikiri, Y; Matsuyama, T; Morita, T; Yamahara, H; Yoshino, H, 2007
)
0.34
" Relative bioavailability of celecoxib was below 20% in all cases and was probably the consequence of a slow in vivo release of celecoxib from microparticles or low wettability in the case of Celebrex and physical mixture."( Influence of polymers on the bioavailability of microencapsulated celecoxib.
El Ghazouani, F; Homar, M; Kerc, J; Kristl, J; Maincent, P; Ubrich, N, 2007
)
0.34
"The real issue in the development of oral controlled release dosage forms is not just to prolong the delivery of drugs but also to prolong the presence of dosage forms in the stomach in order to improve the bioavailability of drugs with a 'narrow absorption window'."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of ranitidine hydrochloride ethyl cellulose floating microparticles.
Dandagi, PM; Gadad, AP; Kulkarni, AR; Mastiholimath, VS; Mathews, R, 2008
)
0.59
" Its oral bioavailability is 25-35% because of first pass metabolism."( Design and in vivo evaluation of carvedilol buccal mucoadhesive patches.
Babu, P; Pandey, G; Thimmasetty, J, 2008
)
0.35
"5-2 h and bioavailability (AUC) ranging from 24."( An in vivo comparison of intestinal pH and bacteria as physiological trigger mechanisms for colonic targeting in man.
Basit, AW; McConnell, EL; Short, MD, 2008
)
0.35
" Bioavailability was similar (p>0."( Microbiota-triggered colonic delivery: robustness of the polysaccharide approach in the fed state in man.
Basit, AW; McConnell, EL; Short, MD, 2009
)
0.35
"Acyclovir-loaded mucoadhesive microspheres (ACV-ad-ms) using Ethylcellulose as matrix and Carbopol 974P NF as mucoadhesive polymer were prepared for the purpose of improving the oral bioavailability of acyclovir."( Development of mucoadhesive microspheres of acyclovir with enhanced bioavailability.
Gu, B; Lu, W; Lu, Y; Pan, J; Sun, Y; Tao, Y, 2009
)
0.35
"To reduce the frequency of administration and improve patient compliance, novel levofloxacin sustained-release capsules with suitable in vitro release profiles and good bioavailability were developed."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of levofloxacin sustained-release capsules.
Huang, SJ; Jiang, SG; Pei, ZQ; Yin, LF; Zhang, Q; Zhao, CJ, 2011
)
0.37
" Unsuccessful in vivo-in vitro correlation was shown in Eudragit® NE30D-coated pellets with a relative bioavailability of only 41."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of levofloxacin sustained-release capsules.
Huang, SJ; Jiang, SG; Pei, ZQ; Yin, LF; Zhang, Q; Zhao, CJ, 2011
)
0.37
" Bioavailability parameters including C(max), T(max), and AUC(0-48 h) of both tablets were compared."( Controlled release matrix tablets of olanzapine: influence of polymers on the in vitro release and bioavailability.
Badshah, A; Rauf, K; Subhan, F, 2010
)
0.36
" Ex vivo application of free RA and the RA-loaded PCPLC NPs onto the surface of the freshly excised skin from a baby mouse indicated a significantly slower skin absorption rate for the encapsulated RA."( Retinyl acetate-loaded nanoparticles: dermal penetration and release of the retinyl acetate.
Arayachukeat, S; Tree-Udom, T; Wanichwecharungruang, SP, 2011
)
0.37
"5) and 30% (w/w) MPT had a low relative bioavailability compared with the commercial product Lopressor®, which significantly improved at higher MPT concentration (50%, w/w)."( Sustained-release and swelling characteristics of xanthan gum/ethylcellulose-based injection moulded matrix tablets: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
De Beer, T; Mendez-Montealvo, G; Onofre, FO; Quinten, T; Remon, JP; Vervaet, C; Wang, YJ, 2011
)
0.37
" The pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability in six Beagle dogs after oral administration of RH-ST and ranolazine hydrochloride common tablets (RH-CT) as reference were compared."( [Optimization of the formulation of ranolazine hydrochloride sustained-release tablet and its pharmacokinetics in dogs].
Li, CJ; Li, Y; Wang, JY; Yang, QM; Yu, YL; Zhang, YH, 2010
)
0.36
" The in vivo study of new SR tablets showed significant improvement in the oral bioavailability of MS in rabbits after a single oral dose of 25 mg."( Modulation of drug (metoprolol succinate) release by inclusion of hydrophobic polymer in hydrophilic matrix.
Bose, A; Khanam, J; Siddique, S, 2011
)
0.37
"Lipid nanocapsules (LNC) are colloidal carriers providing controlled release profiles and improved bioavailability for many drug substances and diverse administration routes."( Lipid nanocapsules for dermal application: a comparative study of lipid-based versus polymer-based nanocarriers.
Abdel-Mottaleb, MM; Lamprecht, A; Neumann, D, 2011
)
0.37
"Drug/polymer nanoparticles are well suited for providing rapid oral absorption and increased bioavailability of BCS Class II drugs."( Polymeric nanoparticles for increased oral bioavailability and rapid absorption using celecoxib as a model of a low-solubility, high-permeability drug.
Bello, A; Beyerinck, R; Bloom, C; Morgen, M; Shamblin, S; Song, W; Steenwyk, R; Wilkinson, K, 2012
)
0.38
"The bioavailability of therapeutic agents from eye drops is usually limited due to corneal barrier functions and effective eye protective mechanisms."( Biodegradable ocular inserts for sustained delivery of brimonidine tartarate: preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation.
Aburahma, MH; Mahmoud, AA, 2011
)
0.37
" Our results suggest that MTCR microparticles may be potential oral dosage forms to control the release and to improve the bioavailability of tamsulosin hydrochloride."( Preparation and in vivo evaluation of spray dried matrix type controlled-release microparticles of tamsulosin hydrochloride for orally disintegrating tablet.
Ha, JM; Kim, JY; Oh, TO; Park, CW; Park, ES; Rhee, YS, 2012
)
0.38
" The relative bioavailability for Formulation 1 and Formulation 2 was evaluated in six healthy beagle dogs after oral administration in a fast state using sustained-release capsules (Effexor XR) as a reference."( Preparation and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of sustained-release venlafaxine hydrochloride pellets.
He, Z; Liu, Y; Sun, J; Sun, M; Sun, Y; Zhao, N, 2012
)
0.38
"Sustained release (SR) dosage forms enable prolonged and continuous deposition of the drug in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and improve the bioavailability of medications characterized by a narrow absorption window."( Eudraginated polymer blends: a potential oral controlled drug delivery system for theophylline.
Emeje, M; Isimi, Y; John-Africa, L; Kunle, O; Ofoefule, S, 2012
)
0.38
" The floating pellets were evaluated for SEM, floating characteristic parameters, in vitro release and bioavailability in New Zealand rabbits."( A floating multiparticulate system for ofloxacin based on a multilayer structure: In vitro and in vivo evaluation.
He, H; Lin, X; Liu, Z; Tang, J; Tang, X; Tao, X; Xu, M; Zhang, C; Zhang, Y, 2012
)
0.38
" The relative bioavailability of the osmotic-pump tablets against the reference formulation in single and multiple dose regimens was 116."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of novel osmotic pump tablets of isosorbide-5-mononitrate containing polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) for controlled release.
Chi, Q; Du, L; Jiang, Q; Li, X; Wang, C, 2012
)
0.38
" The CR preparation showed significantly decreased values of maximum drug concentration (Cmax) and elimination rate (K) than the reference product (LEVOTUS® SYR) but the similar bioavailability (F = 95."( Design, in vitro release characterization and pharmacokinetics of novel controlled release pellets containing levodropropizine.
Cao, QR; Choi, JS; Cui, JH; Liu, Y; Piao, YN; Yang, M, 2014
)
0.4
" The pharmacokinetic evaluation of MS5 in rabbits revealed 10-fold increase in bioavailability as compared to native curcumin, demonstrated the superiority of microsponges over native curcumin as gastro retentive drug delivery system."( Assessing the viability of microsponges as gastro retentive drug delivery system of curcumin: optimization and pharmacokinetics.
Arya, P; Pathak, K, 2014
)
0.4
" Considering the bioavailability of metoprolol tartrate after oral administration to dogs, the different co-extruded formulations offered a range of sustained release characteristics."( Hot-melt co-extrusion for the production of fixed-dose combination products with a controlled release ethylcellulose matrix core.
De Beer, T; Dierickx, L; Gonnissen, Y; Remon, JP; Saerens, L; Vervaet, C; Voorspoels, J; Vynckier, AK, 2014
)
0.4
" The relative bioavailability of the ICR tablets compared to the reference formulation in the single and multiple dose regiments were 90."( Evaluation of novel immediate-/controlled-release tablets of isosorbide-5-mononitrate (5-ISMN): in vitro-in vivo correlation.
Du, L; Jiang, Q; Li, M; Li, X; Li, Y, 2014
)
0.4
"01-fold enhancement in the oral bioavailability vis-à-vis the marketed formulation (Vastarel MR®)."( Mucoadhesive elementary osmotic pump tablets of trimetazidine for controlled drug delivery and reduced variability in oral bioavailability.
Ahmad, A; Ahmad, FJ; Alam, N; Ali, A; Aqil, M; Beg, S; Rizwan, M, 2015
)
0.42
" In vivo pellet coating led to reduced drug bioavailability and enhanced drug accumulation at colon (179."( Oral 5-fluorouracil colon-specific delivery through in vivo pellet coating for colon cancer and aberrant crypt foci treatment.
Bose, A; Elyagoby, A; Wong, TW, 2014
)
0.4
" In summary, encapsulation of GME using cellulose-derivative nanoparticles - GME-EC and GME-EC/MC nanoparticles - successfully improved the bioavailability of GME in aqueous solution, enhanced cellular uptake, and displayed effective anticancer activity."( Cellular trafficking and anticancer activity of Garcinia mangostana extract-encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles.
Hanes, J; Kim, AJ; Pan-In, P; Wanichwecharungruang, S, 2014
)
0.4
" The antidepressant venlafaxine hydrochloride (Vx), a highly soluble drug undergoing first pass effect, low bioavailability and short half-life was selected as a challenging payload."( Mini-tablets versus pellets as promising multiparticulate modified release delivery systems for highly soluble drugs.
Abdallah, OY; Gaber, DM; Nafee, N, 2015
)
0.42
" Bioavailability of CsA in vivo following oral administration to pigs of SmPill® minispheres was compared to Neoral® po and Sandimmun® iv in a pig model."( Enhanced colonic delivery of ciclosporin A self-emulsifying drug delivery system encapsulated in coated minispheres.
Coulter, IS; Griffin, BT; Keohane, K; Rosa, M, 2016
)
0.43
" A linear relationship was observed between in vitro CsA release and in vivo bioavailability (r(2) = 0."( Enhanced colonic delivery of ciclosporin A self-emulsifying drug delivery system encapsulated in coated minispheres.
Coulter, IS; Griffin, BT; Keohane, K; Rosa, M, 2016
)
0.43
" More importantly, the relative bioavailability of the sustained-release matrix pellets was studied in fasted rabbits after oral administration using free capsaicin and solid dispersion as references."( Preparation and In Vitro-In Vivo Evaluation of Sustained-Release Matrix Pellets of Capsaicin to Enhance the Oral Bioavailability.
Huang, Z; Jiang, D; Lu, S; Omari-Siaw, E; Wang, M; Xu, X; Yu, J; Zhang, W; Zhang, Y; Zhu, Y, 2016
)
0.43
" Successful and sustained absorption of tacrolimus without reducing bioavailability compared with IR formulation was observed for ERG."( Preparation of extended release solid dispersion formulations of tacrolimus using ethylcellulose and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose by solvent evaporation method.
Higaki, K; Ogawara, K; Sako, K; Tsunashima, D; Yamashita, K, 2016
)
0.43
" Compared with conventional tablets, the EOP tablet demonstrates a controlled release behavior with relative bioavailability of 99."( Synchronized and controlled release of metformin hydrochloride/glipizide from elementary osmotic delivery.
Chen, T; Jing, H; Pan, H; Pan, W; Yang, X, 2017
)
0.46
" The optimized SLNs with EC and a very low-saponification-degree PVA improved bioavailability via increased accessibility to the enterocyte surface by decreased particle size and increased permeation of SLN encapsulated morin through the intestinal membrane by sustained release properties."( Formulation and Evaluation of Morin-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles.
Ikeuchi-Takahashi, Y; Ishihara, C; Onishi, H, 2016
)
0.43
"Curcumin (CUR) demonstrates a variety of biological activities; however, the poor oral bioavailability limits its clinical application."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of curcumin loaded hollow microspheres prepared with ethyl cellulose and citric acid.
Feng, T; Liu, H; Pi, C; Wei, Y; Wu, J; Ye, Y; Yuan, J; Zhan, C; Zhao, L; Zuo, Y, 2018
)
0.7
" The technology of microencapsulation and the use of mucoadhesive materials can contribute to modify the delivery and improve the bioavailability of curcumin."( Design and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Gelatin-Ethylcellulose Microparticles for the Delivery of Curcumin to the Bladder.
Bruschi, ML; da Silva, JB; Diniz, A; Kimura, E; Montanha, MC; Oliveira, MB, 2018
)
0.48
" Crystalline CoQ10 is lipophilic, water-insoluble, and poorly absorbed in the gut."( High-dose coenzyme Q10-loaded oleogels for oral therapeutic supplementation.
Lucangioli, S; Martinefski, MR; Masotta, NE; Rojas, AM; Tripodi, VP, 2019
)
0.51
" Meanwhile, the oral test showed that bioavailability of eugenol in pellets was highly improved 23."( Self-Micro-Emulsifying Controlled Release of Eugenol Pellets: Preparation, In vitro/In vivo Investigation in Beagle Dogs.
Adu-Frimpong, M; Cao, X; Guo, M; Ji, H; Toreniyazov, E; Wang, Q; Xu, X; Yang, Q; Yu, J; Zhang, K, 2019
)
0.51
"5-time lesser dose via the oral route and a ∼15-fold rise in the bioavailability in contrast to the native AmB."( Amphotericin B loaded ethyl cellulose nanoparticles with magnified oral bioavailability for safe and effective treatment of fungal infection.
Kaur, K; Kumar, P; Kush, P, 2020
)
0.87
" It has limited oral bioavailability what is a challenge to its therapeutic application."( Ferulic acid-loaded nanocapsules: Evaluation of mucosal interaction, safety and antioxidant activity in human mononucleated cells.
Burger, ME; da Silva Silveira, L; de Bona da Silva, C; Gündel, A; Machado, AK; Pereira, VG; Rampelotto, CR; Rossato, A; Sagrillo, MR; Schaffazick, SR, 2022
)
0.72
" The relative bioavailability of the model drugs was 246."( Preparation, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of chitosan-sodium alginate-ethyl cellulose polyelectrolyte film as a novel buccal mucosal delivery vehicle.
Gao, Z; Guo, J; Li, M; Liu, L; Wang, S; Zuo, A, 2022
)
0.95
"With the poorly soluble and intrinsically unstable feature, prochloraz (Pro) was confronted with lower bioavailability in the crop defense against fungal erosion."( Tannic Acid Interfacial Modification of Prochloraz Ethyl Cellulose Nanoparticles for Enhancing the Antimicrobial Effect and Biosafety of Fungicides.
Feng, J; Huang, H; Liu, J; Shi, Q; Xie, X; Yao, J; Zhang, Y; Zhi, H, 2023
)
1.16

Dosage Studied

This study has been undertaken to develop a controlled-release tablet dosage form of naproxen using ethocel (ethyl cellulose) as the rate-controlling polymer. The release of chlorhexidine from an ethyl cellulose-based dosage form (SRD) has been shown to be effective in the reduction of the flora associated with periodontal pockets.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" The results suggest that the use of chlorhexidine in a sustained-release dosage form applied to the tooth surfaces may prove useful in the control of plaque and its sequela in children with Down's syndrome."( Local application of sustained-release delivery system of chlorhexidine in Down's syndrome population.
Friedman, M; Guberman, R; Sela, MN; Shapira, J; Shur, D; Stabholz, A,
)
0.13
"The release of chlorhexidine from an ethyl cellulose-based dosage form (SRD) has been shown to be effective in the reduction of the flora associated with periodontal pockets as well as in reducing probing depths."( The use of sustained release delivery of chlorhexidine for the maintenance of periodontal pockets: 2-year clinical trial.
Friedman, M; Sela, MN; Soskolne, WA; Stabholz, A, 1991
)
0.55
" HPC-EC10 (5:3) microcapsules containing piretanide were satisfactory as a sustained-release preparation in the light of the anti hypertensive effect even at a half frequency of daily dosing of the solution."( Pharmacological evaluation of hydroxypropylcellulose-ethylcellulose microcapsules containing piretanide.
Goto, S; Kawata, M; Kuriki, T; Suzuki, N; Tsujiyama, T, 1990
)
0.28
"A controlled-release dosage form was manufactured by dispersing ethyl cellulose sol in acetone into a medium of mineral oil."( Design and in vitro evaluation of dapsone-loaded micropellets of ethyl cellulose.
Das, SK; Gupta, BK; Pal, M; Roy, S, 1989
)
0.75
"0% EVA copolymer as the coacervation-inducing agent may act as sustained-release dosage forms."( Bioavailability studies of theophylline ethylcellulose microcapsules prepared by using ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer as a coacervation-inducing agent.
Lin, SY; Yang, JC, 1987
)
0.27
" It was confirmed that a large number of microcapsules still remained in the stomach and each microcapsules still contained ampicillin at 24 h after dosing from the experiment using gastric-emptying-controlled rabbits."( Preparation and biopharmaceutical evaluation of microcapsules of ampicillin.
Aoyama, T; Goto, S; Uchida, T, 1985
)
0.27
" The system was found to be useful as a sustained release dosage form."( Encapsulated hydrophilic polymer beads containing indomethacin as controlled release drug delivery systems.
Jun, HW; Suryakusuma, H, 1984
)
0.27
" Both preparations provided a sustained-release property and a sensitive response to conventional magnetic force, although certain differences in the release rate of drug, magnetic responsiveness, and particle size were found between the two dosage forms."( Magnetic microcapsules for targeted delivery of anticancer drugs.
Abe, R; Goto, A; Harada, M; Homma, M; Kato, T; Mori, H; Murota, H; Nemoto, R; Unno, K, 1984
)
0.27
"A peroral dosage form was examined to deliver recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) to the colon in beagle dogs."( Development of a colon delivery capsule and the pharmacological activity of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in beagle dogs.
Ikeda, C; Imagawa, N; Niwa, K; Takada, K; Takaya, T, 1995
)
0.29
"Phenytoin sodium was microencapsulated with ethylcellulose (EC) by a coacervation-phase separation method from ethyl acetate solution to develop a prolonged release dosage form of phenytoin."( Sustained release of phenytoin following the oral administration of phenytoin sodium/ethylcellulose microcapsules in human subjects and rabbits.
Karakasa, I; Kenmotsu, H; Sekikawa, H; Shibata, M; Takada, M; Yagi, N, 1994
)
0.29
" Significant control over the rate of drug released from the developed dosage form was achieved during the experiment time (12 h)."( Microencapsulation of theophylline using ethylcellulose: in vitro drug release and kinetic modelling.
Ataei, Z; Ghalandari, R; Lavasanifar, A; Mortazavi, SA; Zolfaghari, ME,
)
0.13
"This investigation was carried out to try the application of pilocarpine hydrochloride (PC) solid dispersion as sustained release dosage form."( [Preparation and evaluation of solid dispersions of pilocarpine hydrochloride for alleviation of xerostomia].
Miyazaki, S; Oda, M; Ohno, K; Sato, M; Takada, M; Watanabe, S; Yagi, N, 1997
)
0.3
"Chewable tablets containing low dosage fluoride content were prepared using two varieties of celluloses and their in vitro parameters were evaluated."( Clinical evaluation of sodium fluoride chewable tablets in dental caries.
Aithal, KS; Tandon, S; Udupa, DN,
)
0.13
" Control animals received water at the same dosage volume as the high-dose group."( Subchronic oral toxicity study of Aquacoat ECD ethylcellulose aqueous dispersion in the rat.
Freeman, C; Kotkoskie, LA, 1998
)
0.3
"05) DS:(EC + CS) solid dispersion was prepared and developed into a capsule dosage from, using lactose as diluent."( Development of diclofenac sodium controlled release solid dispersion powders and capsules by freeze drying technique using ethylcellulose and chitosan as carriers.
Dangprasirt, P; Pongwai, S, 1998
)
0.3
" The morphological and functional results clearly demonstrated the tangential spray rotary system as a promising one-step technique for the preparation of indobufen prolonged-release multiple-unit dosage forms."( Rotary tangential spray technique for aqueous film coating of indobufen pellets.
Fabiani, F; Gazzaniga, A; Sangalli, ME; Vecchio, C; Zema, L, 1998
)
0.3
"The objective was to determine the tackiness of acrylic and cellulosic polymer films in order to make predictions on the tackiness (agglomeration) of coated dosage forms during coating and curing."( Tackiness of acrylic and cellulosic polymer films used in the coating of solid dosage forms.
Bodmeier, R; Kuppler, F; Wesseling, M, 1999
)
0.3
" A tendency existed for cows that were dosed with vitamin C in the abomasum to have higher ascorbic acid than cows supplemented orally."( Technical note: forms and route of vitamin C supplementation for cows.
Hidiroglou, M, 1999
)
0.3
"The aim of this study was to develop a microspherical dosage form for a highly water-soluble drug, fenoterol HBr, by using the water insoluble, non-biodegradable polymer, ethyl cellulose."( Modification of the initial release of a highly water-soluble drug from ethyl cellulose microspheres.
Lin, WJ; Wu, TL,
)
0.56
" In the present study, we examined whether this deconvolution method is useful for evaluating oral dosage forms."( Deconvolution analysis for absorption and metabolism of aspirin in microcapsules.
Hashida, M; Wu, X; Yamashita, F, 1999
)
0.3
" The present study attempted to determine whether the dosage formulations of microspheres could form enteric matrices."( Release characteristics of microspheres prepared by co-spray drying Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae antigens and aqueous ethyl-cellulose dispersion.
Cheng, IC; Liao, CW; Lin, FY; Weng, CN; Yeh, KS,
)
0.13
" All the microparticulate dosage forms were prepared using ketoprofen in the form of calcium salt (KP-Ca)."( Sustained release ketoprofen microparticles with ethylcellulose and carboxymethylethylcellulose.
Machida, Y; Onishi, H; Yamada, T, 2001
)
0.31
"The aim of this study was to demonstrate a sustained-release microparticulate dosage form for acyclovir via an in vitro study."( In vitro modified release of acyclovir from ethyl cellulose microspheres.
Chen, PF; Chen, RR; Cheu, SJ; Lin, WJ,
)
0.39
"This study has been undertaken to develop a controlled-release tablet dosage form of naproxen using ethocel (ethyl cellulose) as the rate-controlling polymer."( Controlled-release naproxen using micronized ethyl cellulose by wet-granulation and solid-dispersion method.
Ashraf, M; Babar, A; Iqbal, Z, 2002
)
0.79
"Development of an extended release oral dosage form for nifedipine using the non-uniform drug distribution matrix method was conducted."( Development of extended release dosage forms using non-uniform drug distribution techniques.
Huang, KK; Meng, CL; Wang, DP, 2002
)
0.31
"Inert matrices of didanosine (ddI) were elaborated as controlled release dosage forms, using two different types of polymers: Eudragit RS-PM, an anionic acrylic acid copolymer, and Ethocel 100 Premium, an ethylcellulose."( Eudragit RS-PM and Ethocel 100 Premium: influence over the behavior of didanosine inert matrix system.
Alvarez-Fuentes, J; Fernández-Arévalo, M; Rabasco, AM; Sánchez-Lafuente, C, 2002
)
0.31
"Ethylcellulose in combination with water-soluble additives has been used in the development of microporous membrane-coated dosage forms."( Influence of type and level of water-soluble additives on drug release and surface and mechanical properties of Surelease films.
Parikh, NH; Rohera, BD, 2002
)
0.31
" to use blends of gastrointestinal tract (GIT)-insoluble and enteric polymers (ethyl cellulose and Eudragit L) as coating materials for multiparticulate controlled release dosage forms; (ii)."( Blends of enteric and GIT-insoluble polymers used for film coating: physicochemical characterization and drug release patterns.
Bodmeier, R; Lecomte, F; MacRae, RJ; Siepmann, J; Walther, M, 2003
)
0.55
"A newly designed flow-through type dissolution test method (FT method) was applied to predict in vivo drug release behaviors in dogs of controlled-release multiple unit dosage forms."( Prediction of in vivo drug release behavior of controlled-release multiple-unit dosage forms in dogs using a flow-through type dissolution test method.
Ikegami, K; Kobayashi, M; Osawa, T; Tagawa, K, 2003
)
0.32
" Images showed that the seal between the shell and the tablet plug is a key route of water penetration in these dosage forms."( Investigating the coating-dependent release mechanism of a pulsatile capsule using NMR microscopy.
Bowtell, RW; Köckenberger, W; MacRae, RJ; Melia, CD; Ross, AC; Stevens, HN; Sutch, JC, 2003
)
0.32
" From the results and observations of this work, it may be concluded that the mini-model air suspension coating instrument designed, may be a useful piece of equipment for preparing coated multiparticulate dosage forms in small quantities for sustained drug delivery, especially in research works."( Pellet coating by air suspension technique using a mini-model coating unit.
Ganesan, M; Jayakumar, M; Pal, TK, 2003
)
0.32
" This dosage form presents the clinical advantage of less frequent dosing, with increased quality of life for patients."( Comparative study of morphine diffusion from sustained release polymeric suspensions.
Calpena, AC; Doménech, J; Gallardo Lara, V; Morales, ME; Ruiz, MA, 2004
)
0.32
"During the last decade the evolution of the pharmaceutical dosage form design has been important."( Comparison of different mathematical models for the tensile strength-relative density profiles of binary tablets.
Caraballo, I; Kuentz, M; Melgoza, LM; Ramírez, N; Sandoval, H, 2004
)
0.32
"The dry-coated tablet with optimal lag time was designed to simulate the dosing time of drug administration according to the physiological needs."( Formulation design of double-layer in the outer shell of dry-coated tablet to modulate lag time and time-controlled dissolution function: studies on micronized ethylcellulose for dosage form design (VII).
Li, MJ; Lin, KH; Lin, SY, 2004
)
0.32
" The composite films offer new opportunities for the use of ethyl-cellulose as modified release coatings for dosage forms."( Novel film modifiers to alter the physical properties of composite ethylcellulose films.
Chan, LW; Heng, PW; Ong, KT, 2005
)
0.33
" This coating has traditionally been applied to multi-unit systems, in part because of the small size and divided nature of this type of dosage form, which provides a large surface area for enzymatic attack and drug release."( Exploiting gastrointestinal bacteria to target drugs to the colon: an in vitro study using amylose coated tablets.
Basit, AW; Wilson, PJ, 2005
)
0.33
" As an important point the transfer of the liquid nanosuspensions to patient convenient oral dosage forms such as tablets and capsules is described."( Drug nanocrystals of poorly soluble drugs produced by high pressure homogenisation.
Keck, CM; Müller, RH, 2006
)
0.33
" Thus, it is possible to formulate a single-unit, controlled-release dosage form of verapamil for oral administration at least once every 12 hours using the polymers CA and EC."( Preparation and evaluation of verapamil hydrochloride microcapsules.
Mahanti, B; Mahapatra, S; Mukherjee, B; Panda, P,
)
0.13
"Nowadays, oral dosage forms with controlled release kinetics have known an increasing interest."( Performance of multilayered particles: influence of a thin cushioning layer.
Chambin, O; Pourcelot, Y; Rochat-Gonthier, MH; Rota, A, 2005
)
0.33
" The dosage form was evaluated for physicochemical, adherence, and in vitro diffusion parameters."( Bioadhesive tablets for controlled transdermal delivery of drugs.
Bharath, S; Murthy, SN; Vishwanath, BA,
)
0.13
"Mini-matrices (multiple-unit dosage form) with release-sustaining properties were developed by means of hot-melt extrusion using ibuprofen as the model drug and ethylcellulose as sustained-release agent."( Xanthan gum to tailor drug release of sustained-release ethylcellulose mini-matrices prepared via hot-melt extrusion: in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
Remon, JP; Verhoeven, E; Vervaet, C, 2006
)
0.33
" Both the dosage forms follow Higuchi model for release from formulations."( Formulation and development of gastroretentive drug delivery system for ofloxacin.
Ali, J; Ali, M; Hasan, S, 2006
)
0.33
" Thus, the formulation approach offers the possibility of formulating and controlling the in vitro release of water-insoluble drugs from solid oral dosage forms."( Controlled drug release from pellets containing water-insoluble drugs dissolved in a self-emulsifying system.
Booth, S; Clarke, A; Newton, M; Serratoni, M, 2007
)
0.34
" The enhanced bioavailability and elimination half-life observed in the present study may be due to the floating nature of the dosage form."( Controlled release calcium silicate based floating granular delivery system of ranitidine hydrochloride.
Agrawal, GP; Jain, AK; Jain, SK; Yadav, A, 2006
)
0.33
"The present study investigates if drug diffusion through plasticized isolated ethylcellulose (EC)/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) films prepared by solvent casting can be used as a tool to develop spray-coated dosage forms."( Correlation between the permeability of metoprolol tartrate through plasticized isolated ethylcellulose/hydroxypropyl methylcellulose films and drug release from reservoir pellets.
Remon, JP; Rombout, P; Van den Mooter, G; Vervaet, C; Ye, ZW, 2007
)
0.34
"The aim of this study was to provide an easy and efficient tool to adjust desired drug release kinetics from (aqueous) ethylcellulose-coated solid dosage forms and to better understand the underlying mass transport mechanisms."( How to adjust desired drug release patterns from ethylcellulose-coated dosage forms.
Carlin, B; Hoffmann, A; Leclercq, B; Siepmann, F; Siepmann, J, 2007
)
0.34
" Through the printing of release-retardation materials, 3DP processes could easily prepare tablets with high dosage and special design features for furnishing the desired drug release characteristics."( Tablets with material gradients fabricated by three-dimensional printing.
Huang, WD; Liu, J; Wang, YG; Xu, H; Yang, XL; Yu, DG, 2007
)
0.34
" Both coated and uncoated pellets were orally administered to the rats at a dosage equivalent to 15mg/kg."( Study on colon-specific pectin/ethylcellulose film-coated 5-fluorouracil pellets in rats.
Cao, DY; Du, Q; Fan, LF; He, W; Xiang, B, 2008
)
0.35
"The coating prescription is filtered by the release extent of matrine and oxymatrine in vitro and the wicking rate of the tablet, which including the category and proportion of film forming agent and porogen, the sort and dosage of fluidizing agent, the increment of weight after coating and so on."( [Preparation and in vivo evaluation of pH and time dependent Yuchangning tablets for colon-specific delivery].
Qiu, XL; Xie, XL; Xu, HY; Xu, RC; Yang, M, 2007
)
0.34
" The spreadability demonstrated by EC gel would facilitate application on the skin indicating its potential usefulness as a topical dosage form."( Characterization of spreadability of nonaqueous ethylcellulose gel matrices using dynamic contact angle.
Chan, LW; Chow, KT; Heng, PW, 2008
)
0.35
"Mini-matrices (multiple unit dosage form) with release-sustaining properties were developed by hot-melt extrusion (cylindrical die: 3mm) using metoprolol tartrate as model drug and ethylcellulose as sustained-release agent."( Influence of formulation and process parameters on the release characteristics of ethylcellulose sustained-release mini-matrices produced by hot-melt extrusion.
De Beer, TR; Remon, JP; Van den Mooter, G; Verhoeven, E; Vervaet, C, 2008
)
0.35
"Coated pellets controlling drug release are a very popular dosage form which is widely used in medical practice."( [Effect of thermal curing of the ethyl cellulose film on the rapidity of release of diclofenac sodium from pellets].
Cepáková, L; Gryczová, E; Prokopová, A; Rabisková, M; Tomásek, V, 2007
)
0.62
" Ethylcellulose (EC) layered granulation by a fluidized bed granulator might be convenient for the preparation of controlled release dosage forms as compared with a tumbling granulator, because the layered granules prepared by the fluidized bed granulator can granulate and dry at the same time."( Analysis of the release process of phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride from ethylcellulose matrix granules V. Release properties of ethylcellulose layered matrix granules.
Fujii, R; Fukui, A; Sunada, H; Yonezawa, Y, 2008
)
0.35
" This confirmed that the spray-dry method produced the most appropriate taste-masked particles for fast-disintegrating dosage forms."( Formulation design of taste-masked particles, including famotidine, for an oral fast-disintegrating dosage form.
Itai, S; Kajiyama, A; Kawai, H; Mizumoto, T; Tamura, T, 2008
)
0.35
" It was concluded that neural network technique could be particularly suitable in the pharmaceutical technology of time-dependent dosage forms where systems were complex and nonlinear relationships often existed between the independent and the dependent variables."( Optimization and evaluation of time-dependent tablets comprising an immediate and sustained release profile using artificial neural network.
Chen, Q; Gan, L; Gan, Y; Ma, S; Xie, H, 2008
)
0.35
"The real issue in the development of oral controlled release dosage forms is not just to prolong the delivery of drugs but also to prolong the presence of dosage forms in the stomach in order to improve the bioavailability of drugs with a 'narrow absorption window'."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of ranitidine hydrochloride ethyl cellulose floating microparticles.
Dandagi, PM; Gadad, AP; Kulkarni, AR; Mastiholimath, VS; Mathews, R, 2008
)
0.59
"We developed and optimized a novel pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE) sustained-release dosage form."( A novel approach to sustained pseudoephedrine release: differentially coated mini-tablets in HPMC capsules.
Abe, K; Hashizume, M; Ishida, M; Kawamura, M, 2008
)
0.35
"Various methods are available to formulate water soluble drugs into sustained release dosage forms by retarding the dissolution rate."( Effect of various surfactants and their concentration on controlled release of captopril from polymeric matrices.
Hassan-Zadeh, D; Monajjem-Zadeh, F; Nokhodchi, A; Taghi-Zadeh, N, 2008
)
0.35
" Resistance of such dosage forms to pancreatic enzyme digestion is generally only tested in the fasted state, despite the higher enzymatic challenge in the fed state."( Microbiota-triggered colonic delivery: robustness of the polysaccharide approach in the fed state in man.
Basit, AW; McConnell, EL; Short, MD, 2009
)
0.35
" The dosage of the DDD can be adjusted independently by changing the heights of the DDDs."( Novel drug delivery devices for providing linear release profiles fabricated by 3DP.
Branford-White, C; Li, XY; Ma, ZH; Yang, XL; Yu, DG; Zhu, LM, 2009
)
0.35
" Since parenteral administration requires medical assistance and is not the most convenient route of application, the development of an oral dosage form of heparin would improve patients' comfort and replace vitamin K antagonists."( Granules in the improvement of oral heparin bioavailability.
Bonneaux, F; Lecompte, T; Maincent, P; Rabiskova, M; Scala-Bertola, J, 2009
)
0.35
" Upon success, this type of dosage form may open up new avenues towards dentistry."( Development of Denticap, a matrix based sustained release formulation for treatment of toothache, dental infection and other gum problem.
Ghosh, S; Mukherjee, B; Roy, G, 2009
)
0.35
" The results suggest coacervation thermal change as an appropriate approach to develop slow-release multi-unit oral dosage form of salbutamol sulphate suggesting at least twice administration in every 24 hours."( A comparative study of various microencapsulation techniques: effect of polymer viscosity on microcapsule characteristics.
Ahamd, M; Akhtar, N; Murtaza, G; Rasool, F, 2009
)
0.35
"Colon-specific delivery of drugs can be achieved with dosage forms coated with biopolymers that are metabolized selectively by the colonic microflora and yet resistant to enzymatic digestion in the small intestine."( Influence of the coating formulation on enzymatic digestibility and drug release from 5-aminosalicylic acid pellets coated with mixtures of high-amylose starch and Surelease intended for colon-specific drug delivery.
Freire, C; Podczeck, F; Sousa, J; Veiga, F, 2010
)
0.36
"Food effects might substantially alter drug release from oral controlled release dosage forms in vivo."( Simulated food effects on drug release from ethylcellulose: PVA-PEG graft copolymer-coated pellets.
Carlin, B; Leclercq, B; Muschert, S; Siepmann, F; Siepmann, J, 2010
)
0.36
" Furthermore, changes in the pH and differences in the mechanical stress the dosage forms were exposed to did not affect drug release from the pellets."( Simulated food effects on drug release from ethylcellulose: PVA-PEG graft copolymer-coated pellets.
Carlin, B; Leclercq, B; Muschert, S; Siepmann, F; Siepmann, J, 2010
)
0.36
"The thermal behaviour of the ethylcellulose (EC), a polymer that is widely used in pharmaceutical dosage forms, has been investigated with a view to study the glass transition and higher temperature thermal events as well as to develop new approaches to characterise this complex polymer system."( Characterisation of the thermal properties of ethylcellulose using differential scanning and quasi-isothermal calorimetric approaches.
Craig, DQ; Lai, HL; Pitt, K, 2010
)
0.36
"Coating, as a processing technique, applied to active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) crystals or particles (carriers) with an appropriate polymer allows to obtain a modified-release pharmaceutical dosage form."( Hot tabletting of slow-release tramadol hydrochloride microcapsules with cores obtained via compaction.
Jakubowska, I; Mazgalski, J; Sawicki, W, 2010
)
0.36
"Multi-unit dosage forms can be obtained in a relatively simple way by combining three processes: (i) obtaining TH microcapsule cores by compaction, (ii) coating, and (iii) hot tabletting."( Hot tabletting of slow-release tramadol hydrochloride microcapsules with cores obtained via compaction.
Jakubowska, I; Mazgalski, J; Sawicki, W, 2010
)
0.36
" The drug release rate was also strongly dependent on the granulation and compaction process as the coated particles were incorporated into the tablet dosage form."( Simple preparation of coated resin complexes and their incorporation into fast-disintegrating tablets.
Jeong, SH; Park, K, 2010
)
0.36
"A multiple-unit-type oral floating dosage form (FDF) of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) was developed to prolong gastric residence time for the treatment of stomach cancer."( Stomach-specific drug delivery of 5-fluorouracil using ethylcellulose floating microspheres.
Chaturvedi, K; Jivani, NP; Satish, CS; Vaghani, S; Vasanti, S,
)
0.13
"The objective of this study was to formulate stable and controlled release microparticles for simultaneous delivery and UV spectrophotometric detection in combined dosage of an non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (nimesulide, NMS) and a spasmolytic agent (tizanidine, TZN) to maintain plasma concentration that may increase patients compliance, improved therapeutic efficacy, The aim was also to reduce severity of upper GI side effects of NMS because of alteration in delivery pattern via slow release of drug from microparticles and to increase the benefits of spasticity and disability for spastic patients by administering TZN in a modified release formulation as these two drugs are often prescribed in combination for the management of pain associated with muscles spasm."( Formulation of two-drug controlled release non-biodegradable microparticles for potential treatment of muscles pain and spasm and their simultaneous spectrophotometeric estimation.
Aamir, MN; Ahmad, M; Akhtar, N; Khan, SA; Kousar, R; Murtaza, G,
)
0.13
"Powder layering technique was evaluated using laboratory scale centrifugal granulator instrument to prepare extended release pellet dosage form of ketoprofen."( Development and in vitro evaluation of ketoprofen extended release pellets using powder layering technique in a rotary centrifugal granulator.
Kohli, K; Pai, A; Pai, R; Srivastava, B, 2011
)
0.37
" The delayed T(max) and lower C(max) indicated a slow and SR of MS from the optimized matrix tablets in comparison with the immediate release dosage form."( Modulation of drug (metoprolol succinate) release by inclusion of hydrophobic polymer in hydrophilic matrix.
Bose, A; Khanam, J; Siddique, S, 2011
)
0.37
"Being controlled release dosage forms, tablets allow an improved absorption and release profiles of Ofloxacin."( Formulation and in vitro evaluation of ofloxacin-ethocel controlled release matrix tablets prepared by wet granulation method: influence of co-excipients on drug release rates.
Ahmad, K; Hussain, A; Jan, SU; Khan, GM; Rehman, A; Shah, K; Shah, S, 2011
)
0.37
"Bearing in mind the present scenario of the increasing biological tolerance of bacteria against antibiotics, a time controlled two pulse dosage form of amoxicillin was developed."( A two pulse drug delivery system for amoxicillin: an attempt to counter the scourge of bacterial resistance against antibiotics.
Akhter, H; Ali, J; Baboota, S; Faisal, S; Saigal, N, 2011
)
0.37
" Tablets were coated using a functional aqueous dispersion of ethylcellulose blended with PVA-PEG graft copolymer to obtain a controlled drug release dosage form over 16h."( Real-time predictions of drug release and end point detection of a coating operation by in-line near infrared measurements.
Boiret, M; Chaminade, P; Gendre, C; Genty, M; Pean, JM, 2011
)
0.37
" Our results suggest that MTCR microparticles may be potential oral dosage forms to control the release and to improve the bioavailability of tamsulosin hydrochloride."( Preparation and in vivo evaluation of spray dried matrix type controlled-release microparticles of tamsulosin hydrochloride for orally disintegrating tablet.
Ha, JM; Kim, JY; Oh, TO; Park, CW; Park, ES; Rhee, YS, 2012
)
0.38
"Sustained release (SR) dosage forms enable prolonged and continuous deposition of the drug in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and improve the bioavailability of medications characterized by a narrow absorption window."( Eudraginated polymer blends: a potential oral controlled drug delivery system for theophylline.
Emeje, M; Isimi, Y; John-Africa, L; Kunle, O; Ofoefule, S, 2012
)
0.38
"The design and fabrication of sustained/controlled release dosage forms, employing new excipients capable of extending/controlling the release of drugs from the dosage forms over prolonged periods, has worked well in achieving optimally enhanced therapeutic levels of the drugs."( Regulating drug release behavior and kinetics from matrix tablets based on fine particle-sized ethyl cellulose ether derivatives: an in vitro and in vivo evaluation.
Khan, GM; Shah, KU, 2012
)
0.6
" Drug release was nearly independent of paddle speeds of 50 and 100 rpm releasing 80% over 14 h similar to the commercial glipizide osmotic pump tablet during dissolution testing while keeping the benefits of multiparticular dosage forms."( Compression of coated drug beads for sustained release tablet of glipizide: formulation, and dissolution.
Ayres, JW; Christensen, JM; Nguyen, C, 2014
)
0.4
"The aim of this work was to develop by means of co-extrusion a multilayered dosage form characterized by a dual release profile of the same drug."( Co-extrusion as manufacturing technique for multilayer mini-matrices with dual drug release.
Dierickx, L; Remon, JP; Vervaet, C, 2013
)
0.39
"The sensitivity of controlled release dosage forms to the presence of ethanol in the gastro intestinal tract is critical, if the incorporated drug is potent and exhibits severe side effects."( Ethanol-resistant polymeric film coatings for controlled drug delivery.
Chokshi, R; Leclercq, B; Muschert, S; Rosiaux, Y; Siepmann, F; Siepmann, J, 2013
)
0.39
"For the first time, microparticles containing AGP were developed and exhibited prolonged in vitro release as well as protection to the drug, and it could be considered as a dosage form for patients who suffer from insulin-induced hypoglycemia and/or nocturnal hypoglycemia."( Formulation and characterization of ethylcellulose microparticles containing .L-alanyl- L-glutamine peptide.
Bazotte, RB; Bruschi, ML; Gonçalves, Mde C; Herculano, Lda S; Medina, AN; Nogueira, AC; Villa Nova, M, 2014
)
0.4
"Recently, ethylcellulose/guar gum blends have been reported to provide ethanol-resistant drug release kinetics from coated dosage forms."( Ethanol-resistant ethylcellulose/guar gum coatings--importance of formulation parameters.
Chokshi, R; Leclercq, B; Muschert, S; Rosiaux, Y; Siepmann, F; Siepmann, J; Velghe, C, 2013
)
0.39
" Therefore, the developed sustained-release tablet formulation of TOL could be an alternative dosage form to the SR capsule for treatment of OAB."( Preparation and evaluation of once-daily sustained-release coated tablets of tolterodine-L-tartrate.
Chang, SW; Kim, JO; Kim, YI; Pradhan, R, 2014
)
0.4
"The present work was based on the development and characterization of unfolding type gastro retentive dosage form appropriate for controlled release of Cinnarizine (CNZ), a drug with narrow therapeutic window."( Unfolding type gastroretentive film of Cinnarizine based on ethyl cellulose and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose.
Mishra, DN; Nagpal, K; Singh, SK; Verma, S, 2014
)
0.64
" LBCs are ambient dried onto cast acid-resistant enteric polymer films that are then laminated together to produce a solid oral dosage form."( A laminated polymer film formulation for enteric delivery of live vaccine and probiotic bacteria.
Charalampopoulos, D; de Barros, JMS; Edwards, AD; Khutoryanskiy, VV; Scherer, T, 2014
)
0.4
"Hydrophilic matrix tablets are commonly used for extended release dosage forms."( Application of ethylcellulose coating to hydrophilic matrices: a strategy to modulate drug release profile and reduce drug release variability.
Mehta, RY; Missaghi, S; Rajabi-Siahboomi, AR; Tiwari, SB, 2014
)
0.4
" The risk of hypoglycemic conditions can be managed by a coated pellet dosage form, which can release glucose in a delayed regime to achieve the maximum estimated effect of antidiabetics."( Formulation of cores for the controlled release of glucose for prevention of hypoglycemia in diabetes patients.
Dvořáčková, K; Franc, A; Goněc, R; Muselík, J; Neumann, D; Sabadková, D; Slováková, V; Vetchý, D; Zvaková, M, 2014
)
0.4
" However, constant drug release rates are difficult to achieve with this type of dosage forms if the drug is freely water-soluble."( How to easily provide zero order release of freely soluble drugs from coated pellets.
Dekyndt, B; Neut, C; Siepmann, F; Siepmann, J; Verin, J, 2015
)
0.42
"The aim of present study was to formulate and evaluate antifungal transdermal spray to improve the permeation of clotrimazole across the skin and to decrease the dosing frequency in fungal infection."( Formulation and evaluation of clotrimazole transdermal spray.
Gandhi, T; Gohel, M; Paradkar, M; Soni, T; Thakkar, V, 2015
)
0.42
"Whether mini-tablets (tablets, diameters ≤6mm) belong to single- or multiple-unit dosage forms is still questionable."( Mini-tablets versus pellets as promising multiparticulate modified release delivery systems for highly soluble drugs.
Abdallah, OY; Gaber, DM; Nafee, N, 2015
)
0.42
" Quality by design (QbD) concept was implemented for the development of MDDC with potential to be incorporated into semisolid dosage form (gel)."( Implementation of quality by design principles in the development of microsponges as drug delivery carriers: Identification and optimization of critical factors using multivariate statistical analyses and design of experiments studies.
Dimitrovska, A; Glavas Dodov, M; Mladenovska, K; Sibinovska, N; Simonoska Crcarevska, M; Slavevska Raicki, R, 2015
)
0.42
"Ethylcellulose is one of the most commonly used polymers to develop reservoir type extended release multiparticulate dosage forms."( Investigation into the Effect of Ethylcellulose Viscosity Variation on the Drug Release of Metoprolol Tartrate and Acetaminophen Extended Release Multiparticulates-Part I.
Ferrizzi, D; Mehta, R; Rajabi-Siahboomi, A; Schoener, C; Teckoe, J; Workentine, S, 2016
)
0.43
"An in situ forming gel is a dosage form which is promised for site-specific therapy such as periodontal pocket of periodontitis treatment."( Designing Solvent Exchange-Induced In Situ Forming Gel from Aqueous Insoluble Polymers as Matrix Base for Periodontitis Treatment.
Phaechamud, T; Srichan, T, 2017
)
0.46
"Ethylcellulose is commonly dissolved in a solvent or formed into an aqueous dispersion and sprayed onto various dosage forms to form a barrier membrane to provide controlled release in pharmaceutical formulations."( High throughput research and evaporation rate modeling for solvent screening for ethylcellulose barrier membranes in pharmaceutical applications.
Curtis-Fisk, JL; Rogers, TL; Schoener, CA; Tate, MP, 2016
)
0.43
" The versatility of this method was demonstrated by different examples, including the excipients mixture and commercial solid dosage forms (e."( Application of
Pisklak, DM; Szeleszczuk, Ł; Zielińska-Pisklak, M, 2016
)
0.43
" In this study, fluid bed coating is proposed for the production of controlled release dosage forms of glass solutions by applying a second, rate controlling membrane on top of the glass solution."( Controlling the Release of Indomethacin from Glass Solutions Layered with a Rate Controlling Membrane Using Fluid-Bed Processing. Part 1: Surface and Cross-Sectional Chemical Analysis.
Dereymaker, A; Roberts, CJ; Scurr, DJ; Steer, ED; Van den Mooter, G, 2017
)
0.46
"The 3D printing technique of fused deposition modeling® (FDM) has lately come into focus as a potential fabrication technique for pharmaceutical dosage forms and medical devices that allows the preparation of delivery systems with nearly any shape."( Assessment of different polymers and drug loads for fused deposition modeling of drug loaded implants.
Bogdahn, M; Franz, C; Kempin, W; Koster, LC; Schneider, F; Seidlitz, A; Weitschies, W, 2017
)
0.46
"Water-soluble polymers are often used as pore formers to tailor permeability of film-forming hydrophobic polymers on coated dosage forms."( Investigation of a new pH-responsive nanoparticulate pore former for controlled release enteric coating with improved processability and stability.
Chang, HHR; Chen, K; Kane, A; Li, J; Lugtu-Pe, JA; Shalviri, A; Wu, XY, 2017
)
0.46
" Transdermal drug delivery system is the main route with discrete, self-contained dosage forms when placed on the skin, transporting the medicament through the skin into the systemic circulation in a wellcontrolled manner."( Design and Evaluation of Transdermal Patches of Timolol Maleate.
Jamakandi, VG; Panchayya Hiremath, SS; Reddy, JJ, 2018
)
0.48
" The described pellet formulation is amenable to oral dosing in small animal studies in order to assess in vivo efficacy of the whey-derived ghrelinergic hydrolysate."( Sustained-release multiparticulates for oral delivery of a novel peptidic ghrelin agonist: Formulation design and in vitro characterization.
Alam, R; Chruscicka, B; Cryan, JF; Fitzpatrick, D; Griffin, BT; Howick, K; Kandil, D; Ryan, AM; Schellekens, H, 2018
)
0.48
"The design results were useful for developing of curcumin dosage form with good physicochemical characteristics and mucoadhesive properties for the bladder administration."( Design and Characterization of Mucoadhesive Gelatin-Ethylcellulose Microparticles for the Delivery of Curcumin to the Bladder.
Bruschi, ML; da Silva, JB; Diniz, A; Kimura, E; Montanha, MC; Oliveira, MB, 2018
)
0.48
" Atenolol is used for cardiovascular diseases and available as an immediate release (IR) tablet dosage form."( Effect of lipid and cellulose based matrix former on the release of highly soluble drug from extruded/spheronized, sintered and compacted pellets.
Ahmed, HF; Hussain, T; Iffat, W; Maboos, M; Nasiri, I; Shoaib, MH; Yousuf, RI, 2018
)
0.48
" Therefore, the acceleration of dissolution rate during the stress tests is caused by the soluble substance penetration through the coating in the case of PEG pellets or by dosage form volume increase in the case of CMS pellets."( The effects of the treatment conditions on the dissolution profile of ethylcellulose coated pellets.
Bernatová, S; Franc, A; Muselík, J; Neumann, D; Pavloková, S; Sabadková, D; Samek, O, 2019
)
0.51
" Solid oral dosage forms can be taste-masked quite simply by polymer coating, which prevents drug release in the mouth, without unwantedly impairing drug release further down the gastrointestinal tract."( In Vitro Dissolution Model Can Predict the in Vivo Taste Masking Performance of Coated Multiparticulates.
Ali, Z; Frost, J; Ghimire, M; Keeley, A; Orlu, M; Rajabi-Siahboomi, A; Teo, M; Tuleu, C, 2019
)
0.51
"This article summarizes the critical factors involved in product development of a single dosage form formulated by compacting ethyl cellulose (EC) coated controlled release pellets into a tablet."( Studying the factors that impact the dissolution characteristic of complex drug product.
Babayeva, M; Hlaing, YCS; Loewy, ZG; Marfo, AA; Selvi, BA; Wolfe, R, 2019
)
0.72
" To surmount the above-mentioned issues, the present research aims to develop Microsponge (MS), a novel dosage form for enhancing the utility and safety of CO."( Ecofriendly Ethyl Cellulose Microsponges of Citronella Oil: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Cytotoxicity and Larvicidal assay.
Kumar, N; Kumar, S; Rao, R; Sharma, R; Singh, SP, 2020
)
0.94
"This study uses high drug content solid dispersions for dose window extension beyond current demonstrations using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to; i) accommodate pharmaceutically relevant doses of drugs of varying potencies at acceptable dosage form sizes and ii) enable enhanced dose flexibility via modular dosage form design concepts."( High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling.
Abrahmsén-Alami, S; Folestad, S; Govender, R; Larsson, A, 2019
)
0.51
" The achieved uniformity of content supports the application of varying content solid dispersions to modular dosage form concepts to enhance dose flexibility."( High Content Solid Dispersions for Dose Window Extension: A Basis for Design Flexibility in Fused Deposition Modelling.
Abrahmsén-Alami, S; Folestad, S; Govender, R; Larsson, A, 2019
)
0.51
" The study aims to formulate and evaluate the dental inserts by using a drug candidate to sustained drug release to improve patient compliance, reduce dosing frequency, reduce the risk of dose dumping, and avoid the first-pass metabolism."( Design and Evaluation of Sustained Release of Ornidazole by Dental Inserts.
Harika, S; Kumar, YS; Rao, YM; Shankar, U; Sriram, P, 2021
)
0.62
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
glycosideA glycosyl compound resulting from the attachment of a glycosyl group to a non-acyl group RO-, RS-, RSe-, etc. The bond between the glycosyl group and the non-acyl group is called a glycosidic bond. By extension, the terms N-glycosides and C-glycosides are used as class names for glycosylamines and for compounds having a glycosyl group attached to a hydrocarbyl group respectively. These terms are misnomers and should not be used. The preferred terms are glycosylamines and C-glycosyl compounds, respectively.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (924)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199061 (6.60)18.7374
1990's91 (9.85)18.2507
2000's289 (31.28)29.6817
2010's385 (41.67)24.3611
2020's98 (10.61)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 67.36

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index67.36 (24.57)
Research Supply Index6.96 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.96 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index118.41 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.02 (0.95)

This Compound (67.36)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials29 (2.84%)5.53%
Reviews13 (1.27%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other980 (95.89%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (1)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
Influence of 2% HPMC Used During Cataract Surgery for Intraoperative Corneal Optical Clarity and Post-operation Xerophthalmia. [NCT02363530]100 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2014-11-30Recruiting
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]