transcription corepressor activity

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

A transcription coregulator activity that represses or decreases the transcription of specific gene sets via binding to a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor, either on its own or as part of a complex. Corepressors often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription corepressors modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second class remodels the conformation of chromatin in an ATP-dependent fashion. A third class modulates interactions of DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factors with other transcription coregulators. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867]

Transcription corepressor activity is a molecular function that involves the regulation of gene expression by inhibiting the activity of transcription factors. Transcription factors are proteins that bind to specific DNA sequences, known as promoters, and activate or repress the transcription of genes. Transcription corepressors interact with transcription factors, often by binding to their DNA binding domains or their activation domains. These interactions can block the recruitment of RNA polymerase II to the promoter, preventing transcription initiation. Some corepressors also recruit histone deacetylases, which remove acetyl groups from histone proteins. This modification leads to a more compact chromatin structure, making it more difficult for transcription factors to access DNA and initiate transcription. Transcription corepressors play critical roles in a wide variety of cellular processes, including development, differentiation, cell cycle control, and response to stress. They are also involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and immune diseases.'
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Proteins (41)

Compounds (684)