amyloid-beta binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to an amyloid-beta peptide/protein. [GOC:hjd]

Amyloid-beta (Aβ) binding is a crucial molecular process in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and involves the interaction of Aβ peptides with various cellular and extracellular components. Aβ peptides are produced by the cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and can aggregate into toxic oligomers and fibrils that accumulate in the brain, contributing to neuronal dysfunction and death.

The molecular function of Aβ binding can be categorized into several aspects:

1. **Cellular Binding:** Aβ peptides can interact with various cellular components, including cell membranes, receptors, and intracellular proteins. This binding can disrupt cellular signaling pathways, induce oxidative stress, and lead to neuronal damage. For instance, Aβ can bind to neuronal receptors like NMDA receptors, causing excitotoxicity.
2. **Aggregation and Fibril Formation:** Aβ peptides have a propensity to aggregate and form fibrils, which are the hallmark pathological feature of AD. The binding of Aβ monomers to existing oligomers or fibrils promotes further aggregation and exacerbates the amyloid cascade.
3. **Interactions with Other Molecules:** Aβ can interact with various other molecules, including lipids, metal ions, and other proteins. These interactions can modulate Aβ aggregation, stability, and toxicity. For example, Aβ binding to apolipoprotein E (ApoE) can influence the clearance of Aβ from the brain.
4. **Modulation of Cellular Processes:** Aβ binding can affect various cellular processes, including synaptic plasticity, cell survival, and inflammation. These effects can contribute to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration in AD.

Overall, Aβ binding is a complex molecular process with diverse consequences. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying Aβ binding is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies targeting AD.'
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Proteins (35)

Compounds (1,095)