clorgyline profile

Clorgyline is a non-selective and irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A). It was first synthesized in the 1960s and has been used in research and, to a lesser extent, clinically for the treatment of depression. Clorgyline's mechanism of action involves binding to and permanently inactivating MAO-A, an enzyme responsible for breaking down neurotransmitters like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. By inhibiting MAO-A, clorgyline increases the levels of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft, leading to enhanced neurotransmission. Research on clorgyline has focused on its potential therapeutic applications in conditions such as depression, anxiety, and Parkinson's disease. It has been studied for its antidepressant effects, particularly in individuals with atypical depression characterized by hypersomnia, increased appetite, and mood reactivity. Additionally, clorgyline's ability to increase serotonin levels has made it a subject of investigation for its potential in treating anxiety disorders. However, clorgyline's irreversible nature and potential for drug interactions have limited its widespread clinical use. Despite its limitations, clorgyline continues to be a valuable tool in research, providing insights into the role of MAO-A in various brain functions and potential therapeutic targets for neuropsychiatric conditions.'

Clorgyline: An antidepressive agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor related to PARGYLINE. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

clorgyline : An aromatic ether that is the 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether of 3-aminopropan-1-ol in which the nitrogen is substituted by a methyl group and a prop-1-yn-3-yl group. A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, it was formerly used as an antidepressant. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	4380
CHEMBL ID	8706
CHEBI ID	3763
SCHEMBL ID	61914
MeSH ID	M0004631

Synonym
BRD-K73251053-003-03-2
clorgiline (inn)
D03248
BPBIO1_000449
2-propynylamine, n-(3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl)-n-methyl-
2-propyn-1-amine, n-(3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl)-n-methyl-
m&b 9302
chlorgyline
clorgiline [inn]
m & b 9302
m and b 9302
clorgilinum [inn-latin]
clorgilina [inn-spanish]
brn 1976758
n-(3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl)-n-methyl-2-propynylamine
NCGC00015669-02
lopac-m-3778
NCGC00015669-01
PRESTWICK3_000344
PRESTWICK2_000344
BSPBIO_000407
clorgyline
17780-72-2
n-methyl-n-propargyl-3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propylamine
DB04017
clorgiline
PRESTWICK1_000344
PRESTWICK0_000344
SPBIO_002328
LOPAC0_000746
NCGC00162235-01
us8633208, clorgyline
CLG ,
n-[3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl]-n-methyl-prop-2-yn-1-amine
chembl8706 ,
[3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl](methyl)prop-2-yn-1-ylamine
bdbm15581
NCGC00015669-04
L001342
chebi:3763 ,
3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-n-methyl-n-prop-2-ynylpropan-1-amine
A20772
lyj16fzu9q ,
clorgilinum
clorgilina
unii-lyj16fzu9q
clorgiline [inn:ban]
CCG-204831
NCGC00015669-03
3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-n-methyl-n-prop-2-ynyl-propan-1-amine
2-propyn-1-amine, n-[3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl]-n-methyl-, hydrochloride
n-[3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl]-n-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine
gtpl6636
SCHEMBL61914
m&b-9302
DTXSID3048445
BTFHLQRNAMSNLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SBI-0050724.P002
n-(3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl)-n-methylprop-2-yn-1-amine
Q2889652
n-[(2,6-dichloro-4-methyl-3-pyridyl)carbonyl]-n-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)urea
[3-(2,4-dichloro-phenoxy)-propyl]-methyl-prop-2-ynyl-amine
BRD-K73251053-003-13-1
SDCCGSBI-0050724.P003
NCGC00015669-11
2-propyn-1-amine, n-(3-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)propyl)-n-methyl- (9ci)

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Clorgyline is a novel broad-spectrum inhibitor of two classes of fungal efflux pumps that acts synergistically with azoles against azole-resistant C."	( The monoamine oxidase A inhibitor clorgyline is a broad-spectrum inhibitor of fungal ABC and MFS transporter efflux pump activities which reverses the azole resistance of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata clinical isolates. Cannon, RD; Holmes, AR; Ivnitski-Steele, I; Keniya, MV; Lamping, E; Monk, BC; Sklar, LA, 2012)	1.38
"Clorgyline is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO A) which has been labeled with carbon-11 (C-11) and used to measure human brain MAO A with positron emission tomography (PET). "	( Non-MAO A binding of clorgyline in white matter in human brain. Alexoff, D; Biegon, A; Ding, YS; Felder, C; Fowler, JS; Franceschi, D; Gatley, SJ; Logan, J; Pappas, N; Schlyer, D; Volkow, ND; Wang, GJ; Zhu, W, 2001)	2.07

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Clorgyline has a high affinity for imidazoline I(2) and sigma receptors, which could account for its effects on quinpirole sensitization."	( Clorgyline-induced switch from locomotion to mouthing in sensitization to the dopamine D2/D3 agonist quinpirole in rats: role of sigma and imidazoline I2 receptors. Culver, KE; Szechtman, H, 2003)	2.48
"Clorgyline has a high affinity for imidazoline I(2) and sigma receptors, which could account for its effects on quinpirole sensitization."	( Clorgyline-induced switch from locomotion to mouthing in sensitization to the dopamine D2/D3 agonist quinpirole in rats: role of sigma and imidazoline I2 receptors. Culver, KE; Szechtman, H, 2003)	2.48

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"clorgyline does not produce its effects on behavioral sensitization to quinpirole via an inhibition of HPA activity."	( Hypophysectomy does not block sensitization to the dopamine agonist quinpirole or its modulation by the MAOI clorgyline. Culver, KE; Szechtman, H, 2004)	1.26
"Clorgyline did not inactivate the 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activity of liver microsomes from beta-naphthoflavone-treated rats or the hydroxylation of p-nitrophenol by liver microsomes from pyridine-treated rats."	( Formation of a metabolic intermediate complex of cytochrome P4502B1 by clorgyline. Hollenberg, PF; Roberts, ES; Sharma, U, 1996)	1.25

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Clorgyline treatment reduced RV afterload and pulmonary vascular remodeling in SuHx rats through reduced pulmonary vascular proliferation and oxidative stress."	( Increased MAO-A Activity Promotes Progression of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Andersen, A; Andersen, S; Axelsen, JB; Bogaard, HJ; da Silva Goncalves Bos, D; de Man, FS; Gomez-Puerto, MC; Goumans, MJ; Kurakula, K; Pan, X; Peters, EL; Schalij, I; Schiepers, REJ; Sun, XQ; Szulcek, R; van der Laarse, WJ; Vonk Noordegraaf, A, 2021)	1.34
"Clorgyline treatment of mice bearing VCaP xenografts slowed tumor growth and induced transcriptome changes similar to those noted in vitro."	( Targeting monoamine oxidase A in advanced prostate cancer. Flamand, V; Peehl, DM; Zhao, H, 2010)	1.08
"Clorgyline pretreatment strongly increased the systemic bioavailability of T1AM and prevented the hyperglycaemia and reduction in fT3 induced by T1AM."	( 3-Iodothyronamine: a modulator of the hypothalamus-pancreas-thyroid axes in mice. Bigagli, E; Chiellini, G; Cinci, L; De Siena, G; Dicembrini, I; Lodovici, M; Manni, ME; Marchini, M; Raimondi, L; Saba, A; Zucchi, R, 2012)	1.1
"Clorgyline pretreatment, both single and repeated, altered the effects of single METH challenges on apparent 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) turnover in the region of the striatum and accumbens."	( Inhibition of methamphetamine-induced hyperlocomotion in mice by clorgyline, a monoamine oxidase-a inhibitor, through alteration of the 5-hydroxytriptamine turnover in the striatum. Kitanaka, J; Kitanaka, N; Takemura, M, 2005)	1.29
"Clorgyline treatment altered the effect of single METH challenges on apparent dopamine turnover in the cerebral cortex of the mice sensitized to METH."	( Repeated clorgyline treatment inhibits methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization in mice. Kitanaka, J; Kitanaka, N; Takemura, M, 2005)	1.47
"In clorgyline-treated cells, androgen induced luciferase activity controlled by the promoter of prostate-specific antigen, an AR target gene, in a dose-dependent manner."	( Inhibition of monoamine oxidase A promotes secretory differentiation in basal prostatic epithelial cells. Chen, Z; Nolley, R; Peehl, DM; Reese, SW; Zhao, H, 2008)	0.86
"The clorgyline treatment resulted in a slight increase in sensitivity to the rate-decreasing effects of morphine, but no increased sensitivity to the rate-decreasing effects of meperidine, anileridine, alphaprodine, or fentanyl."	( Effects of tetrabenazine and phenylpiperidine analgesics during daily clorgyline treatment. Leander, JD, 1981)	0.98
"Clorgyline co-treatment also did not significantly affect either behavioral supersensitivity to apomorphine or the increase in 3H-spiperone binding induced by chronic haloperidol."	( Differential effects of chronic clorgyline and amfonelic acid on desensitization of striatal dopamine receptors. Bohmaker, K; Friedhoff, AJ; Meller, E, 1984)	1.27
"The clorgyline pretreatment resulted in larger increases in brain dopamine concentrations (in the striatum, olfactory tubercles and in the area containing the substantia nigra) than did MAO-B inhibition."	( Drug-induced changes in motor activity after selective MAO inhibition. Carlson, GM; Gianutsos, G; Godfrey, JG, 1983)	0.75
"Clorgyline treatment significantly reduced [3H]mesulergine binding (Bmax values) in both the hypothalamus and striatum compared to saline-treated animals."	( Differential effects of chronic antidepressant treatment on 5-HT1C receptor binding sites in Wistar rat brain. Aulakh, CS; Hulihan-Giblin, BA; Park, YD, 1994)	1.01
"Clorgyline treatments from E15 to P7 or from P0 to P7 disrupted the formation of barrels in the anterior snout representation and in parts of the posteromedial barrel subfield (PMBSF)."	( Effects of monoamine oxidase A inhibition on barrel formation in the mouse somatosensory cortex: determination of a sensitive developmental period. Callebert, J; Cases, O; Gaspar, P; Launay, JM; Price, DJ; Seif, I; Vitalis, T, 1998)	1.02
"In clorgyline-treated rats, the turnover functions for agonist and antagonist binding sites (receptor recovery after EEDQ) were different and indicated that the reduced density of alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist sites induced by clorgyline was due to a greater rate of receptor disappearance."	( Chronic clorgyline induces selective down-regulation of alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist binding sites in rat brain. Escribá, PV; García-Sevilla, JA; Miralles, A; Ribas, C, 2000)	1.26
"Clorgyline pretreatment alone caused significant elevations in basal levels of dialysate norepinephrine but not dopamine."	( Inhibition of MAO-A fails to alter cocaine-induced increases in extracellular dopamine and norepinephrine in rat nucleus accumbens. Ayestas, M; Baumann, MH; Pepper, JP; Rothman, RB, 2001)	1.03
"Clorgyline pretreatment altered the behavioral response to both low (0.25 mg/kg) and moderate (2.5 mg/kg) doses of AMPH, which was characterized by a shift to more intense forms of stereotype and corresponding decreases in locomotion."	( Clorgyline-induced increases in presynaptic DA: changes in the behavioral and neurochemical effects of amphetamine using in vivo microdialysis. Kuczenski, R; Okuda, C; Segal, DS, 1992)	2.45
"Clorgyline treatment partially antagonized 5-HT depletion by the 5,7-DHT lesion or PCPA treatment."	( Role of serotonergic input in the down-regulation of beta-adrenoceptors following long-term clorgyline treatment. Aulakh, CS; Cohen, RM; Dauphin, MM; McLellan, CA; Murphy, DL, 1988)	1.22
"The clorgyline treatment almost completely inhibited type A MAO activity in the liver at 2 h post-injection."	( Enhancement of 5-HT-induced anorexia: a test of the reversibility of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Fletcher, PJ; Yu, PH, 1989)	0.76
"Treatment with clorgyline in vitro inhibited growth and altered the transcriptional pattern of VCaP cells in a manner consistent with the pro-differentiation and anti-oncogenic effects seen in treated primary PCa cells. "	( Targeting monoamine oxidase A in advanced prostate cancer. Flamand, V; Peehl, DM; Zhao, H, 2010)	0.71
"Treatment with clorgyline (2 mg/kg p.o."	( Cardiovascular baroreceptor activity and selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase. Bar-Am, O; Finberg, JP; Friedman, R; Gross, A, 2012)	0.72
"Pretreatment with clorgyline did not change the brain uptake of [(11)C]HTP-derived radioactivity or K(acc)."	( Validation studies on the 5-hydroxy-L-[beta-11C]-tryptophan/PET method for probing the decarboxylase step in serotonin synthesis. Blomquist, G; Hagberg, GE; Hammarlund-Udenaes, M; Hartvig, P; Långström, B; Lundquist, P; Torstenson, R, 2006)	0.66
"Cotreatment with clorgyline shifts the development of sensitization to the D2/D3 dopamine receptor agonist quinpirole from locomotion to mouthing, an effect apparently unrelated to the monoamine oxidase inhibition property of clorgyline. "	( Differential effects of clorgyline on sensitization to quinpirole in rats tested in small and large environments. Culver, KE; Dvorkin, A; Szechtman, H, 2006)	0.98
"Pretreatment with clorgyline (0.1, 1, and 10 mg/kg) decreased striatal apparent monoamine turnover in a dose-dependent manner."	( Methamphetamine reward in mice as assessed by conditioned place preference test with Supermex sensors: effect of subchronic clorgyline pretreatment. Kitanaka, J; Kitanaka, N; Morita, Y; Takemura, M; Tatsuta, T; Watabe, K, 2006)	0.86
"Treatment with clorgyline (1 mg kg-1, i.p."	( Acceleration by chronic treatment with clorgyline of the turnover of brain alpha 2-adrenoceptors in normotensive but not in spontaneously hypertensive rats. García-Sevilla, JA; Miralles, A; Ribas, C, 1993)	0.89
"Pretreatment with clorgyline (1 mg/kg i.p.) potentiated the morphine-induced hypothermia."	( Effect of selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors on the morphine-induced hypothermia in restrained rats. Arnaldos, JD; Cremades, A; Milanés, MV; Vargas, ML, 1987)	0.6

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" LD50 values of three of these compounds were assessed after intraperitoneal administration with a special emphasis on interactions with drugs increasing catecholaminergic neurotransmission."	( Acute toxicity of three new selective COMT inhibitors in mice with special emphasis on interactions with drugs increasing catecholaminergic neurotransmission. Männistö, PT; Törnwall, M, 1991)	0.28
"The toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), its oxidized metabolite, and two recently synthesized 2'-alkyl derivatives of MPTP (methyl and ethyl), found to be more toxic in vivo in mice, have been compared in two neuroblastoma hybrid cell lines (NCB-20 and 140-3) that express the B form of monoamine oxidase (MAO), as tissue culture models for the mode of action of MPTP in the central nervous system."	( Toxicity of MPTP and structural analogs in clonal cell lines of neuronal origin expressing B type monoamine oxidase activity. Buckman, TD, 1991)	0.28
" The toxic effects of the tetrahydropyridines and their corresponding pyridiniums were both concentration- and time-dependent."	( 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine- and 1-methyl-4-(2'-ethylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced toxicity in PC12 cells: role of monoamine oxidase A. Basma, AN; Geller, HM; Giovanni, A; Heikkila, RE; Nicklas, WJ, 1990)	0.28
"Allylamine is toxic to the cardiovascular system causing aortic, valvular and myocardial lesions."	( Comparative toxicity of allylamine and acrolein in cultured myocytes and fibroblasts from neonatal rat heart. Biagini, RE; Breitenstein, M; Krueger, JA; Luken, ME; Toraason, M, 1989)	0.28
" These results support the concept that AAM is oxidatively deaminated by an SSAO present in vascular cells to generate toxic metabolic by-products capable of causing extensive cellular injury."	( Allylamine-induced vascular toxicity in vitro: prevention by semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase inhibitors. Cox, LR; Grossman, SL; Ramos, K, 1988)	0.27
"Prior studies concluded that 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, a toxin causing parkinsonism) and its analogues are bioactivated by monoamine oxidase (MAO) to toxic pyridinium metabolites."	( Suppression of hydroxyl radical formation by MAO inhibitors: a novel possible neuroprotective mechanism in dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Chiueh, CC; Huang, SJ; Murphy, DL, 1994)	0.29
" However, the neural mechanism by which extracellular 5-HT is elevated to a toxic level for the syndrome remains to be determined."	( Assessment of 5-hydroxytryptamine efflux in rat brain during a mild, moderate and severe serotonin-toxicity syndrome. Huang, X; Krishnamoorthy, S; Ma, Z; Tao, R; Vukovich, NP; Zhang, G, 2009)	0.35
" The MAO inhibitors clorgyline and deprenyl, and the SERT inhibitor fluoxetine, per se or in combination, were not able to mimic the toxic effects of MDMA in the P19-derived neurons or block the MDMA-induced cell toxicity."	( Non-Serotonergic Neurotoxicity by MDMA (Ecstasy) in Neurons Derived from Mouse P19 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells. Forsblad, A; Hashemian, S; Jacobsson, SO; Popova, D, 2016)	0.76

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The objective of the study was to evaluate the metabolism dependent inhibition of CYP2B6 catalyzed bupropion hydroxylation in human liver microsomes by monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors and to predict the drug-drug interaction potential of monoamine oxidase inhibitors as perpetrators of drug interaction."	( Evaluation of metabolism dependent inhibition of CYP2B6 mediated bupropion hydroxylation in human liver microsomes by monoamine oxidase inhibitors and prediction of potential as perpetrators of drug interaction. Bhyrapuneni, G; Manoharan, A; Mohammed, AR; Nirogi, R; Palacharla, RC; Ponnamaneni, RK, 2015)	0.42

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" This dose showed systemic bioavailability (0."	( 3-Iodothyronamine: a modulator of the hypothalamus-pancreas-thyroid axes in mice. Bigagli, E; Chiellini, G; Cinci, L; De Siena, G; Dicembrini, I; Lodovici, M; Manni, ME; Marchini, M; Raimondi, L; Saba, A; Zucchi, R, 2012)	0.38
"Higher levels of 5-HT in brain, plasma and small intestines were recognized in 5-HT-excessive rats, where the oral bioavailability of CEX was significantly enhanced."	( Effect of Excessive Serotonin on Pharmacokinetics of Cephalexin after Oral Administration: Studies with Serotonin-Excessive Model Rats. Higaki, K; Iwamoto, T; Maruyama, M; Nakashima, S; Ogawara, KI; Takanashi, M, 2022)	0.72
"5-HT-excessive condition enhanced the oral bioavailability of CEX in rats, which would be attributed to the enhanced permeability across the intestinal mucosa via passive diffusion through the paracellular route even though the transport via PEPT1 was decreased."	( Effect of Excessive Serotonin on Pharmacokinetics of Cephalexin after Oral Administration: Studies with Serotonin-Excessive Model Rats. Higaki, K; Iwamoto, T; Maruyama, M; Nakashima, S; Ogawara, KI; Takanashi, M, 2022)	0.72

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" The dose-response curves for the two last-mentioned dopamine metabolites closely follow those for MAO A and dopamine-deaminating activity, whether clorgyline or deprenil was used as MAO inhibitor."	( Preferential deamination of dopamine by an A type monoamine oxidase in rat brain. Delini-Stula, A; Maître, L; Waldmeier, PC, 1976)	0.46
" The doses and pretreatment times of the inhibitors used were based on an earlier reported in vivo dose-response and time-course study."	( Effect of selective monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors on footshock induced aggression in paired rats. Bhattacharya, SK; Datla, KP, 1990)	0.28
"Amiflamine, a drug reported to be a reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A) selective for serotonergic neurons in rodents, was administered to rhesus monkeys over a 12-fold dosage range (0."	( The effects of amiflamine on cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites in the rhesus monkey. Garrick, NA; Linnoila, M; Murphy, DL; Seppala, T, 1985)	0.27
" Repeated dosing for 14 days did not enhance MAO-A inhibition."	( SR 95191, a selective inhibitor of type A monoamine oxidase with dopaminergic properties. II. Biochemical characterization of monoamine oxidase inhibition. Bizière, K; Kan, JP; Mouget-Goniot, C; Steinberg, R; Worms, P, 1987)	0.27
" Administration in daily dosage of 10 mgs produces an almost complete inhibition of the enzyme."	( R-(-)-deprenyl and parkinsonism. Yahr, MD, 1987)	0.27
" Pargyline in the dosage used is known to be a non-selective MAO inhibitor and it prevented the metabolism of 11C-MPTP to the products retained in the brain."	( Influence of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and a dopamine uptake blocker on the distribution of 11C-N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, 11C-MPTP, in the head of the rhesus monkey. Gullberg, P; Hartvig, P; Långström, B; Larsson, BS; Lindberg, BS; Lindquist, NG; Lundqvist, H; Malmborg, P; Oreland, L; Rimland, A, 1986)	0.27
"A low dosage of the specific MAO-A inhibitor clorgyline (5-10 mg/day) was administered chronically to 10 depressed patients."	( The effect of clorgyline on noradrenergic function. Hauger, RL; Lesieur, P; Linnoila, M; Potter, WZ; Ross, RJ; Rudorfer, MV; Scheinin, M; Siever, LJ, 1985)	0.89
" When given in combination with d,l-5-HTP, there was a potentiation of the down-regulation capabilities of fenfluramine at several different dosage levels; however, maximal down-regulation was also limited to 40%."	( Down-regulation of [3H]5-hydroxytryptamine binding sites in chick embryo brain by monoamine oxidase inhibitors or fenfluramine and potentiation by d,l-5-hydroxytryptophan. DuMontier, G; Jeng, I; Soblosky, JS, 1985)	0.27
"A simple model system for the behavioral actions of benzodiazepines is analyzed for its dose-response predictiveness, using several benzodiazepines, and for its pharmacological specificity, using other non-anxiolytic classes of psychoactive drugs."	( Neuropharmacologic specificity of a simple animal model for the behavioral actions of benzodiazepines. Crawley, JN, 1981)	0.26
" With respect to both dosage and time, striatal DA was most sensitive to the effects of TBZ while hypothalamic NE was least affected."	( Tetrabenazine-induced depletion of brain monoamines: characterization and interaction with selected antidepressants. Pettibone, DJ; Pflueger, AB; Totaro, JA, 1984)	0.27
" In the present study we determined the time-course and dose-response effects of 6-MeO-THbetaC for blockade of AGS."	( Effects of 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-beta-carboline (6-MeO-THbetaC) on audiogenic seizures in DBA/2J mice. Buckholtz, NS; Sparks, DL, 1980)	0.26
" In vivo dose-response curves obtained with the common substrates DA and p-TA showed approximately 20% deamination by the B enzyme."	( Specificity of endogenous substrates for types A and B monoamine oxidase in rat striatum. Azzaro, AJ; Schoepp, DD, 1981)	0.26
" Monoamine oxidase activity associated with the soluble fraction did not show the usual biphasic dose-response kinetics with clorgyline when kynuramine was used as the substrate."	( Clorgyline and deprenyl insensitive monoamine oxidase in rat brain soluble fraction. Baquer, NZ; Mayanil, K; Shekhar, C, 1982)	1.91
" In fact, a sigmoid-shaped dose-response curve was generated by plotting either the lordosis quotient or quality score versus the percent increase in preoptic-hypothalamic 5HT."	( Effects of monoamine oxidase inhibition on female sexual behavior, serotonin levels and type A and B monoamine oxidase activity. Luine, VN; Paden, CM, 1982)	0.26
" When fetal rats were exposed to maternal dosage of 1 mg/kg/24 hours and then received this dose from one to 6 weeks postnatally, type A MAO was inhibited by 99%, but there were no alterations in the EEG sleep stages."	( Lifetime monoamine oxidase inhibition and sleep. Campbell, IC; Cohen, RM; Gillin, JC; Mendelson, WB; Murphy, DL; Wyatt, RJ, 1982)	0.26
" In keeping with previous data obtained with other sigma receptor ligands, low doses of sertraline and of clorgyline potentiated selectively with a bell-shaped dose-response curve the effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) on pyramidal neurons in the CA3 region of the rat dorsal hippocampus."	( Modification of the N-methyl-D-aspartate response by antidepressant sigma receptor ligands. Bergeron, R; De Montigny, C; Debonnel, G, 1993)	0.5
" MAO activity of LC neurons was inhibited by low concentrations of clorgyline with a monophasic dose-response curve but not with a biphasic curve."	( Preferential localization of monoamine oxidase type A activity in neurons of the locus coeruleus and type B activity in neurons of the dorsal raphe nucleus of the rat: a detailed enzyme histochemical study. Arai, R; Kimura, H; Maeda, T; Nagatsu, I, 1997)	0.53
" Dose-response curves were established for the increase in BP induced by tyramine (5-200 mg/kg) administered orally via a naso-pharyngeal tube."	( Limited potentiation of blood pressure response to oral tyramine by brain-selective monoamine oxidase A-B inhibitor, TV-3326 in conscious rabbits. Gorodetsky, E; Gross, A; Wang, RH; Weinreb, O; Weinstock, M; Youdim, MB, 2002)	0.31
"There is currently a need for a method capable of measuring the activity and inhibition of biologically relevant oxygenases in a format that enables the convenient, fast, and cost-efficient generation of dose-response information."	( Analysis of activity and inhibition of oxygen-dependent enzymes by optical respirometry on the LightCycler system. Borisov, SM; Hynes, J; Klimant, I; Kollar, J; Papkovsky, DB; Zitova, A, 2010)	0.36
" We examined the degree and reversibility of the inhibition of brain monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) and plasma CX157 levels at different times after oral dosing to establish a dosing paradigm for future clinical efficacy studies, and to determine whether plasma CX157 levels reflect the degree of brain MAO-A inhibition."	( Reversible inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-A (RIMAs): robust, reversible inhibition of human brain MAO-A by CX157. Alexoff, D; Apelskog-Torres, K; Asgharnejad, M; Azzaro, AJ; Brand, B; Burch, D; Carter, P; Carter, S; Fielding, RM; Fowler, JS; Free, J; Hubbard, B; Jayne, M; King, P; Logan, J; Muench, L; Poshusta, AK; Schueller, M; Shea, C; Shumay, E; Telang, F; Wang, GJ; Warner, D; Xu, Y; Zhu, W, 2010)	0.36
" In this unit, several MAO assay procedures are described, along with support protocols for equilibrating ion-exchange resin, preparing aldehyde dehydrogenase, preparing dose-response curves for determining the relative proportions of isoenzyme activities, determining concentrations of each isoenzyme, assessing new compounds as putative MAO inhibitors, and determining protein concentration of membrane-bound proteins."	( Monoamine oxidase assays. Davey, G; Motherway, M; Tipton, KF, 2001)	0.31
"5-HT-excessive rats were prepared by multiple intraperitoneal dosing of 5-HT and clorgyline, an inhibitor for 5-HT metabolism, and utilized to examine the pharmacokinetics, absorption behavior and the intestinal permeability for CEX."	( Effect of Excessive Serotonin on Pharmacokinetics of Cephalexin after Oral Administration: Studies with Serotonin-Excessive Model Rats. Higaki, K; Iwamoto, T; Maruyama, M; Nakashima, S; Ogawara, KI; Takanashi, M, 2022)	0.95

Role	Description
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor	An EC 1.4.3.* (oxidoreductase acting on donor CH-NH2 group, oxygen as acceptor) inhibitor that interferes with the action of monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4).
antidepressant	Antidepressants are mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
tertiary amino compound	A compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing three hydrogen atoms by organyl groups.
terminal acetylenic compound	An acetylenic compound which a carbon of the C#C moiety is attached to a hydrogen atom.
aromatic ether	Any ether in which the oxygen is attached to at least one aryl substituent.
dichlorobenzene	Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
L-tryptophan degradation X (mammalian, via tryptamine)	5	19
phenylethylamine degradation I	2	20
dopamine degradation	4	31
superpathway of melatonin degradation	5	26
melatonin degradation II	0	14
superpathway of phenylethylamine degradation	9	39

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Chain A, HADH2 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0316	0.0251	20.2376	39.8107	AID886
Chain B, HADH2 protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0316	0.0251	20.2376	39.8107	AID886
ATAD5 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	20.5878	0.0041	10.8903	31.5287	AID493107
USP1 protein, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.4125	0.0316	37.5844	354.8130	AID504865
Thrombopoietin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.9811	0.0251	7.3048	31.6228	AID917; AID918
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	7.0795	0.0112	12.4002	100.0000	AID1030
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.1189	0.0013	7.7625	44.6684	AID914; AID915
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	10.0000	0.0013	18.0743	39.8107	AID926; AID938
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.5323	0.5318	15.4358	37.6858	AID504845
Parkin	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	9.2000	0.8199	14.8306	44.6684	AID720573
arylsulfatase A	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.4921	1.0691	13.9551	37.9330	AID720538
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	23.7781	0.0355	20.9770	89.1251	AID504332
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.1967	0.0020	7.5337	39.8107	AID891
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	16.3601	0.0126	2.4518	25.0177	AID485313
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	3.7619	0.0025	5.8400	31.6228	AID899
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	14.1254	0.0018	15.6638	39.8107	AID894
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.0063	0.0398	16.7842	39.8107	AID995
ras-related protein Rab-9A	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	20.5962	0.0002	2.6215	31.4954	AID485297
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	2.3934	0.4256	12.0591	28.1838	AID504536
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	11.2202	0.0079	8.2332	1,122.0200	AID2546
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	25.1189	0.0316	10.2792	39.8107	AID884; AID885
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	15.9541	0.0010	6.0009	35.4813	AID943; AID944
lethal factor (plasmid)	Bacillus anthracis str. A2012	Potency	2.5119	0.0200	10.7869	31.6228	AID912
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
GABA theta subunit	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	25.1189	1.0000	12.2248	31.6228	AID885
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Acetylcholinesterase	Electrophorus electricus (electric eel)	IC50 (µMol)	500.0000	0.0000	0.9453	9.9400	AID1152907
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.0029	0.0019	0.2018	0.8200	AID1718167
Cytochrome P450 2B1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Ki	1.5000	0.0800	2.3100	5.8000	AID624688
Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	500.0000	0.0000	1.5599	10.0000	AID1322902
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	180.6961	0.0004	0.7649	12.5000	AID102897; AID1152908; AID125404; AID125406; AID289285
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	167.0459	0.0007	1.9798	12.5000	AID102739; AID1152908; AID1225276; AID125404; AID125406; AID1639478; AID289284
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	1.5713	0.0000	2.3789	9.7700	AID1057003; AID1140811; AID1190173; AID1195740; AID1230937; AID1231601; AID1241471; AID1245396; AID1252747; AID1280666; AID1282043; AID1292320; AID1301269; AID1322903; AID1332147; AID1334743; AID1336724; AID1347961; AID1352195; AID1368627; AID1373671; AID1374197; AID1390035; AID1397341; AID1412302; AID1416660; AID1421879; AID1427512; AID1436076; AID1437168; AID1453105; AID1456236; AID1458405; AID1459558; AID1465302; AID1493743; AID1498695; AID1502983; AID1506641; AID1514371; AID1519692; AID1524509; AID1528913; AID1530601; AID1533828; AID1556048; AID1571214; AID1594618; AID1602879; AID1624337; AID1626714; AID1632838; AID1635482; AID1636269; AID1651633; AID1657150; AID1667262; AID1691660; AID1695577; AID1701087; AID1706696; AID1709260; AID1718179; AID1740535; AID1751716; AID1754860; AID1757198; AID1759293; AID1761228; AID1761631; AID1798967; AID1802510; AID1802599; AID1847854; AID1859162; AID1868504; AID1891688; AID1900906; AID340326; AID349909; AID361935; AID409942; AID416572; AID461711; AID468863; AID478544; AID497342; AID509549; AID514141; AID515170; AID516368; AID528278; AID566354; AID593111; AID619466; AID626693; AID629007; AID637705; AID672470; AID693560; AID706469; AID717663; AID723212; AID729966; AID733504; AID759444; AID767289
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0907	0.0019	2.3797	10.0000	AID1054595; AID1528927; AID1528929
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Bos taurus (cattle)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0032	0.0029	0.1038	0.3802	AID1198498; AID1200968; AID1231573; AID1255975
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Bos taurus (cattle)	Ki	9.7117	0.0025	1.3573	3.8000	AID125547; AID1797405; AID279953; AID387972; AID710372
Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	500.0000	0.0000	0.9332	10.0000	AID1322906
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	178.5708	0.0000	1.8914	9.5700	AID1140812; AID1195741; AID1230939; AID1241472; AID1245395; AID1252748; AID1280667; AID1292322; AID1301267; AID1322904; AID1332148; AID1334745; AID1336725; AID1352196; AID1368626; AID1373672; AID1374198; AID1390036; AID1397342; AID1416662; AID1421880; AID1427513; AID1436077; AID1437169; AID1453106; AID1465303; AID1493744; AID1506642; AID1519691; AID1524508; AID1528914; AID1530602; AID1571215; AID1602880; AID1624338; AID1626716; AID1632839; AID1635461; AID1636270; AID1657151; AID1667263; AID1691662; AID1706697; AID1709261; AID1740536; AID1751717; AID1754140; AID1754141; AID1754859; AID1757197; AID1761632; AID1798967; AID1802510; AID1802599; AID1872724; AID349912; AID361936; AID409943; AID416573; AID461712; AID468865; AID478547; AID497343; AID509550; AID514142; AID515171; AID516369; AID528279; AID593110; AID619468; AID626693; AID629008; AID637760; AID693561; AID733502; AID767288
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Bos taurus (cattle)	IC50 (µMol)	2,634.0000	1.0000	1.0000	1.0000	AID1198499; AID1200969; AID1225277; AID1231574
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Bos taurus (cattle)	Ki	48.3423	0.0540	1.8390	6.0000	AID125550; AID1797405; AID279954; AID387973; AID710371
Cholinesterase	Equus caballus (horse)	IC50 (µMol)	500.0000	0.0000	2.2214	9.4000	AID1152908
Sigma intracellular receptor 2	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Ki	0.5050	0.5050	0.5050	0.5050	AID1718168
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
xenobiotic metabolic process	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
learning	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast differentiation	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
peptide hormone processing	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
response to alkaloid	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
cocaine metabolic process	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
response to glucocorticoid	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
response to folic acid	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
choline metabolic process	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine catabolic process	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
biogenic amine metabolic process	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of signal transduction	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine catabolic process	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
catecholamine metabolic process	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Bos taurus (cattle)
acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of receptor recycling	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
osteoblast development	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine catabolic process	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
cell adhesion	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
nervous system development	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse assembly	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor internalization	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
amyloid precursor protein metabolic process	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein secretion	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
retina development in camera-type eye	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulus	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
response to toxic substance	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
response to aluminum ion	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
response to selenium ion	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of serotonin secretion	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
phenylethylamine catabolic process	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
substantia nigra development	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharide	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine catabolic process	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of dopamine metabolic process	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
response to corticosterone	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
amyloid-beta binding	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
catalytic activity	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholinesterase activity	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
cholinesterase activity	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
choline binding	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
primary amine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
aliphatic amine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
primary amine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Bos taurus (cattle)
aliphatic amine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Bos taurus (cattle)
monoamine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Bos taurus (cattle)
amyloid-beta binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholinesterase activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
cholinesterase activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
collagen binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
hydrolase activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
serine hydrolase activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activity	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
laminin binding	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
primary amine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
aliphatic amine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
flavin adenine dinucleotide binding	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
primary amine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Bos taurus (cattle)
aliphatic amine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Bos taurus (cattle)
monoamine oxidase activity	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Bos taurus (cattle)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular region	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelope lumen	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum lumen	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
blood microparticle	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Cholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
mitochondrion	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membrane	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membrane	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	Bos taurus (cattle)
extracellular region	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
basement membrane	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
neuromuscular junction	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic cleft	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
side of membrane	Acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial envelope	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membrane	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Bos taurus (cattle)
mitochondrial outer membrane	Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	Bos taurus (cattle)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
plasma membrane	Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (445)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1900939	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as assessed as last day of survival at 10 mg/kg, ip for 14 days treatment started at 5 days post-infection (Rvb=14 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID717663	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in insect cell microsomes using kynuramine as substrate after 20 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometric analysis	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 22, Issue:24	Sulfanylphthalonitrile analogues as selective and potent inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B.
AID1255975	Inhibition of MAO-A in bovine brain mitochondria using serotonin as substrate preincubated for 30 mins measured after 30 mins by spectrofluorimetric analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22	Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of oxindole derivatives as antidepressive agents.
AID1192627	Selectivity for MAO-A in rat whole brain homogenate over MAO-B in rat whole brain homogenate	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 23, Issue:4	Reversible and irreversible small molecule inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) investigated by biophysical techniques.
AID1754141	Inhibition of human MAO-A	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 43	Novel 1-(prop-2-yn-1-ylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-thiol derivatives as potent selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors: Design, SAR development, and biological evaluation.
AID1241472	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16	Evaluation of Homobivalent Carbolines as Designed Multiple Ligands for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders.
AID1528915	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for recombinant human microsomal MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells to IC50 for recombinant human microsomal MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells
AID1519692	Inhibition of human microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as reduction in 4-hydroxyquinoline formation using kynuramine as substrate preincubated with substrate for 10 mins followed by enzyme addition by spectropho	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Design of novel monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors based on piperine scaffold: Structure-activity-toxicity, drug-likeness and efflux transport studies.
AID1301269	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as reduction in H2O2 production preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 15 mins Ample	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-19, Volume: 117	(E)-3-Heteroarylidenechroman-4-ones as potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID706470	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB assessed as H2O2 production by Amplex Red reagent-based assay	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-11, Volume: 55, Issue:19	Multitarget-directed benzylideneindanone derivatives: anti-β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, antioxidant, metal chelation, and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition properties against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1322902	Inhibition of human recombinant BuChE expressed in HEK293 cells using S-butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 30 mins by Ellman's method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 121	Donepezil-like multifunctional agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation.
AID1657151	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate measured after 30 mins by fluorescence based assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-15, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and evaluation of phthalide alkyl tertiary amine derivatives as promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with high potency and selectivity against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1667263	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected in BTI cells using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence based assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Design, synthesis and evaluation of flurbiprofen-clioquinol hybrids as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1868504	Inhibition of human MAO-A using p-tyramine as substrate by fluorimetric analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID1657140	Inhibition of HFIP-pretreated self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) aggregation at 25 uM measured after 24 hrs by ThT fluorescence assay relative to control	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-15, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and evaluation of phthalide alkyl tertiary amine derivatives as promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with high potency and selectivity against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1280666	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI cells using p-tyramine as substrate after 15 mins by Amplex Red-based fluorescence assay	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108	Drug design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of selective monoaminoxidase B inhibitors based on 3-acetyl-2-dichlorophenyl-5-aryl-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole chemical scaffold.
AID1704814	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI cells at 1 uM using p-tyramine as substrate by fluorometric assay relative to control
AID629039	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	2D MI-DRAGON: a new predictor for protein-ligands interactions and theoretic-experimental studies of US FDA drug-target network, oxoisoaporphine inhibitors for MAO-A and human parasite proteins.
AID672470	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate preincubated with compound for 15 mins measured after 20 mins by fluorometric analysis	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 22, Issue:15	Synthesis and evaluation of aplysinopsin analogs as inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase A and B.
AID1334743	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate measured after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	Multitarget drug design strategy against Alzheimer's disease: Homoisoflavonoid Mannich base derivatives serve as acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase B dual inhibitors with multifunctional properties.
AID1767578	Inhibition of MAO-B (unknown origin) by fluorometric assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 222	Halting colorectal cancer metastasis via novel dual nanomolar MMP-9/MAO-A quinoxaline-based inhibitors; design, synthesis, and evaluation.
AID1635465	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human microsomal MAO-A expressed in recombinant baculovirus infected insect BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells to IC50 for human microsomal MAO-B expressed in recombinant baculovirus infected insect BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-23, Volume: 59, Issue:12	Discovery of New Chemical Entities for Old Targets: Insights on the Lead Optimization of Chromone-Based Monoamine Oxidase B (MAO-B) Inhibitors.
AID1556047	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as reduction in production of H202 using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition by horse radish peroxidase	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 177	Dipropargyl substituted diphenylpyrimidines as dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase.
AID509549	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected insect BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as production of hydrogen peroxide from p-tyramine by amplex red assay	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-09, Volume: 53, Issue:17	Synthesis, stereochemical separation, and biological evaluation of selective inhibitors of human MAO-B: 1-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)-2-(3-methylcyclohexylidene)hydrazines.
AID1390039	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-01, Volume: 26, Issue:8	Multifunctional 5,6-dimethoxybenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one-N-alkylbenzylamine derivatives with acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidases and β-amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1891688	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA using kynuramine substrate incubated for 20 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometry	2022	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 67	The evaluation of N-propargylamine-2-aminotetralin as an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase.
AID1900935	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as last day of survival at 10 mg/kg, ip in presence of SAHA for 10 days (Rvb=16 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID289285	Inhibition of rat liver MAOB after 60 mins pre-incubation	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 15, Issue:17	A new therapeutic approach in Alzheimer disease: some novel pyrazole derivatives as dual MAO-B inhibitors and antiinflammatory analgesics.
AID416573	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB expressed in BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as effect on H2O2 production from para-tyramine by fluorimetric method	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Synthesis, molecular modeling, and selective inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidases of 3-carboxamido-7-substituted coumarins.
AID1602879	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 15 mins by resorufin dye-based fluorescence assay	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 29, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors based on a fragment in an X-ray crystal structure.
AID1190173	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as production of H2O2 incubated for 15 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 20 mins by microplate fluorescence reader analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3	Design and synthesis of novel 2-pyrazoline-1-ethanone derivatives as selective MAO inhibitors.
AID1718179	Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-24, Volume: 63, Issue:24	Small Molecules Selectively Targeting Sigma-1 Receptor for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases.
AID1493734	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for MAO-A in rat liver mitochondria to IC50 for MAO-B in rat liver mitochondria
AID1900941	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as median survival time at 5 mg/kg, ip in presence of SAHA for 10 days (Rvb=13.8 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1868506	Inhibition of human MAO-B using p-tyramine as substrate by fluorimetric analysis	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID1465296	Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine as substrate incubated for 15 mins by Ellman's method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-acetyl-5-O-(amino-alkyl)phenol derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1390035	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-01, Volume: 26, Issue:8	Multifunctional 5,6-dimethoxybenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one-N-alkylbenzylamine derivatives with acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidases and β-amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1374194	Inhibition of cupric ion-mediated amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation at 25 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence assay relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of 4'-OH-flurbiprofen-chalcone hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID1453105	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 25, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinoline-O-alkylamine derivatives as new multipotent cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1533828	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 163	Design, synthesis and evaluation of pentacycloundecane and hexacycloundecane propargylamine derivatives as multifunctional neuroprotective agents.
AID410879	Inhibition of MAOB in rat liver homogenates preincubated for 60 mins	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24	Pyrazoline-based mycobactin analogues as MAO-inhibitors.
AID1757197	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B by multimode plate reader assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 216	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dimethylamino chalcone-O-alkylamines derivatives as potential multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1626716	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB expressed in microsomes of baculovirus-infected insect cell using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 20 mins followed by protein addition measured after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14	Exploring Basic Tail Modifications of Coumarin-Based Dual Acetylcholinesterase-Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors: Identification of Water-Soluble, Brain-Permeant Neuroprotective Multitarget Agents.
AID1900946	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as last day of survival at 10 mg/kg, ip treatment started at 7 dpi (Rvb=19 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1498695	Reversible inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A assessed as residual activity using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by dialysis for 6 hrs by spectrophotometric method	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 28, Issue:14	Selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by chelerythrine, an isoquinoline alkaloid.
AID1718167	Inhibition of radioligand binding to sigma1 receptor in C57BL/6 mouse brain membranes	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-24, Volume: 63, Issue:24	Small Molecules Selectively Targeting Sigma-1 Receptor for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases.
AID1231604	Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH radical scavenging activity compound preincubated for 10 mins followed by AAPH challenge measured every min for 120 mins by ORAC-FL assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Synthesis and evaluation of selegiline derivatives as monoamine oxidase inhibitor, antioxidant and metal chelator against Alzheimer's disease.
AID619466	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as production of hydrogen peroxide from p-tyramine after 15 mins by microplate fluorescence assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 46, Issue:10	Synthesis and selective human monoamine oxidase inhibition of 3-carbonyl, 3-acyl, and 3-carboxyhydrazido coumarin derivatives.
AID1524509	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition and measured over 15 mins by Amplex red reagent/horseradish peroxidase coupled fl	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 29, Issue:9	Discovery of novel 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine derivatives as selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1900930	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as last day of survival at 10 mg/kg,ip for 10 days (Rvb=16 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID461711	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells by para-tyramine oxidation assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3	A new series of flavones, thioflavones, and flavanones as selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID1200968	Inhibition of bovine brain mitochondria MAO-A by spectrofluorimetry	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93	Synthesis, biological investigation and molecular docking study of N-malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline derivatives as brain specific and shelf-stable MAO inhibitors.
AID1651628	Inhibition of electric eel AchE using acetylthiocholine as substrate at 10 uM measured for 6 mins by Ellman's method	2020	Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4	Bioactive Azepine-Indole Alkaloids from
AID387972	Inhibition of bovine brain mitochondrial MAO-A by fluorometric assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 16, Issue:22	Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular modeling studies of new indole inhibitors of monoamine oxidases A and B.
AID102739	In vitro inhibitory activity on rat brain by monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A)	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-30, Volume: 36, Issue:9	5-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one derivatives and related analogues: new reversible, highly potent, and selective monamine oxidase type B inhibitors.
AID1868502	Inhibition of PRMT1 (unknown origin) using [3H]SAM and chicken histone 4 as substrates incubated for 1 hr	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID1900933	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as last day of survival at 5 mg/kg, ip in presence of SAHA for 10 days (Rvb=16 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID759445	Inhibition of equine serum BuChE using butylthiocholine chloride as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 1 min by Ellman's method	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1695577	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID514145	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14	Synthesis, semipreparative HPLC separation, biological evaluation, and 3D-QSAR of hydrazothiazole derivatives as human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1459561	Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 10 mins by Ellman's method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125	Synthesis and evaluation of 7-substituted coumarin derivatives as multimodal monoamine oxidase-B and cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1695581	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A assessed as enzyme residual activity using tyramine as substrate at 4XIC50 incubated with enzyme for 15 mins followed by substrate addition by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID1332149	Inhibition of human recombinant BuChe using butyrylthiocholine as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 1 min by Ellman's method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	N-Propargylpiperidines with naphthalene-2-carboxamide or naphthalene-2-sulfonamide moieties: Potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents.
AID566354	Inhibition of human monoamine oxidase A	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 18, Issue:21	Discovery of {1-[4-(2-{hexahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrol-2(1H)-yl}-1H-benzimidazol-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl]cyclooctyl}methanol, systemically potent novel non-peptide agonist of nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor as analgesic for the treatment of neuropathic pain: de
AID1691661	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 194	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel O-carbamoyl ferulamide derivatives as multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1436077	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Aurone Mannich base derivatives as promising multifunctional agents with acetylcholinesterase inhibition, anti-β-amyloid aggragation and neuroprotective properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID125404	In vitro Inhibitory activity of Monoamine oxidase at rat hyphalamic mitochondrial 5-HT by displacing 2.5 uM of [14C]5-HT (serotonin)	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID1225278	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for MAO-B in bovine brain mitochondria to IC50 for MAO-A in rat liver mitochondria	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	α-Ketoamino acid ester derivatives as promising MAO inhibitors.
AID528278	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BT1 cells	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22	Synthesis and molecular modelling studies of prenylated pyrazolines as MAO-B inhibitors.
AID1352196	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured over 15 mins by Amplex red reagent-based fluorimetric method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 145	Design, synthesis and bioevalucation of novel 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine derivatives as potent and selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors based on rasagiline.
AID1859164	Ratio of IC50 for inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) over MAO-B (unknown origin)	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-05, Volume: 229	Functionalized quinoxalinones as privileged structures with broad-ranging pharmacological activities.
AID1195740	Inhibition of human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells preincubated for 15 mins	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-26, Volume: 57, Issue:24	N-Methyl-N-((1-methyl-5-(3-(1-(2-methylbenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)propoxy)-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine, a new cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase dual inhibitor.
AID1195741	Inhibition of human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells preincubated for 15 mins	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-26, Volume: 57, Issue:24	N-Methyl-N-((1-methyl-5-(3-(1-(2-methylbenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)propoxy)-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine, a new cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase dual inhibitor.
AID1140813	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus-infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cell microsomes to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus-infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cell microsomes	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Identification of the stereochemical requirements in the 4-aryl-2-cycloalkylidenhydrazinylthiazole scaffold for the design of selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1691662	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 194	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel O-carbamoyl ferulamide derivatives as multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1706696	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured over 20 mins by horse-radish peroxidase/Amplex Red coupled	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209	Pyrimido[1,2-b]indazole derivatives: Selective inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase B with neuroprotective activity.
AID1635482	Inhibition of human microsomal MAO-A expressed in recombinant baculovirus infected insect BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as reduction in H2O2 production using p-tyramine as substrate after 15 mins by fluorescence assay	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-23, Volume: 59, Issue:12	Discovery of New Chemical Entities for Old Targets: Insights on the Lead Optimization of Chromone-Based Monoamine Oxidase B (MAO-B) Inhibitors.
AID1373672	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB using benzylamine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 28, Issue:4	Selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by hispidol.
AID1373680	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA assessed as residual enzyme activity at 0.01 uM pre-incubated for 30 mins followed by 0.06 mM kynuramine substrate addition	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 28, Issue:4	Selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by hispidol.
AID1225277	Inhibition of MAO-B in bovine brain mitochondria using benzylamine as substrate	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	α-Ketoamino acid ester derivatives as promising MAO inhibitors.
AID759444	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 15 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence plate reader analysis	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1195745	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells to IC50 for human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-26, Volume: 57, Issue:24	N-Methyl-N-((1-methyl-5-(3-(1-(2-methylbenzyl)piperidin-4-yl)propoxy)-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)prop-2-yn-1-amine, a new cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase dual inhibitor.
AID1519691	Inhibition of human microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as reduction in 4-hydroxyquinoline formation using kynuramine as substrate preincubated with substrate for 10 mins followed by enzyme addition by spectropho	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Design of novel monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors based on piperine scaffold: Structure-activity-toxicity, drug-likeness and efflux transport studies.
AID1761230	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human MAO-A to IC50 for human MAO-B using Kynuramine as substrate measured by plate reader method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-05, Volume: 211	2-Propargylamino-naphthoquinone derivatives as multipotent agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID515175	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Synthesis of new 3-aryl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-1-carbothioamide derivatives. An investigation on their ability to inhibit monoamine oxidase.
AID1198498	Inhibition of bovine brain MAO-A preincubated for 60 mins before substrate addition by fluorimetric method	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93	Exploring new selective 3-benzylquinoxaline-based MAO-A inhibitors: design, synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies.
AID410880	Inhibition of rat liver monoamine oxidase by Lineweaver-Burke plot	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24	Pyrazoline-based mycobactin analogues as MAO-inhibitors.
AID693561	Inhibition of human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 15 mins prior to substrate addition measured for 15 mins by Amplex red assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 58	Recent advances in the development of selective human MAO-B inhibitors: (hetero)arylidene-(4-substituted-thiazol-2-yl)hydrazines.
AID1847854	Inhibition of human full length recombinant MAO-A expressed in insect cells using kynuramine as substrate	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-23, Volume: 64, Issue:24	Installation of Pargyline, a LSD1 Inhibitor, in the HDAC Inhibitory Template Culminated in the Identification of a Tractable Antiprostate Cancer Agent.
AID1667259	Antioxidant activity assessed as AAPH-induced radical scavenging activity by measuring trolox equivalents for oxygen radical absorbance capacity measured every minute for 90 mins by ORAC-FL assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Design, synthesis and evaluation of flurbiprofen-clioquinol hybrids as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1465299	Inhibition of equine serum BuChE incubated for 15 mins by Ellman's method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-acetyl-5-O-(amino-alkyl)phenol derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1556048	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as reduction in production of H202 using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition by horse radish peroxidase	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 177	Dipropargyl substituted diphenylpyrimidines as dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase.
AID1602880	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 15 mins by resorufin dye-based fluorescence assay	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 29, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors based on a fragment in an X-ray crystal structure.
AID1900913	Cytotoxicity against human TMZ-resistant U251 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1868499	Inhibition of EZH2 (unknown origin) using [3H]SAM and chicken core histone as substrates at 100 uM incubated for 1 hr relative to control	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID387973	Inhibition of bovine brain mitochondrial MAO-B by fluorometric assay	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 16, Issue:22	Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular modeling studies of new indole inhibitors of monoamine oxidases A and B.
AID1057003	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as formation of H2O2 preincubated for 15 mins under dark condition followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 21, Issue:23	Inhibition of cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase-B activity by Tacrine-Homoisoflavonoid hybrids.
AID1900943	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as median survival time at 10 mg/kg, ip in presence of SAHA for 10 days (Rvb=13.8 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1695574	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 1 nM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID1459562	Inhibition of equine serum BuChE using S-butylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 10 mins by Ellman's method	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125	Synthesis and evaluation of 7-substituted coumarin derivatives as multimodal monoamine oxidase-B and cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1667262	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected in BTI cells using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence based assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 28, Issue:7	Design, synthesis and evaluation of flurbiprofen-clioquinol hybrids as multitarget-directed ligands against Alzheimer's disease.
AID733499	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BT1-TN-5B1-4 cells to recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BT1-TN-5B1-4 cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 59	1,5-Diphenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-ones as potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID125390	Compound was injected ip 1 hr prior to 90 mg/kg iv of 5-HT (serotonin) for evaluation of abduction in mice	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID1636270	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B preincubated for 30 mins followed by p-tyramine hydrochloride addition measured after 30 mins by Amplex red fluorescence based spectrophotometry	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 24, Issue:20	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of N-methyl-N-[(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)alkyl]propargylamines as novel monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID624688	Mechanism based inhibition of rat cytochrome P450 CYP2B1 measured by 7-EFC O-deethylation activity	2005	Current drug metabolism, Oct, Volume: 6, Issue:5	Cytochrome p450 enzymes mechanism based inhibitors: common sub-structures and reactivity.
AID767285	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human MAO-A to IC50 for human MAO-B	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 23, Issue:18	Design, synthesis, and in vitro hMAO-B inhibitory evaluation of some 1-methyl-3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles.
AID1900906	Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) expressed in mouse GL26 cells using 14C 5-hydroxytryptamine as substrate pre-incubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by liquid scintillation spectroscopy	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID340326	Inhibition of human MAOA	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-24, Volume: 51, Issue:14	Identification of a potent, selective, and orally active leukotriene a4 hydrolase inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity.
AID1231575	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for bovine brain mitochondria MAO-A to bovine brain mitochondria MAO-B	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Synthesis and evaluation of quinazoline amino acid derivatives as mono amine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
AID637760	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells assessed as inhibition of hydrogen peroxide production from p-tryptamine after 15 mins by fluorimetric method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 48	Synthesis and biological assessment of novel 2-thiazolylhydrazones and computational analysis of their recognition by monoamine oxidase B.
AID1632839	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells preincubated for 10 mins followed by addition of benzylamine as substrate	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 26, Issue:19	Potent selective monoamine oxidase B inhibition by maackiain, a pterocarpan from the roots of Sophora flavescens.
AID1493732	Inhibition of MAO-A in rat liver mitochondria using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 30 mins in presence of MAO-B inhibitor deprenyl by Amplex red dye-based fluorescence assay
AID657239	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for Sprague-Dawley rat MAO-B to IC50 for Sprague-Dawley rat MAO-A	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Synthesis and inhibitory effect of piperine derivates on monoamine oxidase.
AID516370	Selectivity index ratio of IC50 for MAOB to IC50 for MAOA	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Synthesis of new series of quinoxaline based MAO-inhibitors and docking studies.
AID1704813	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI cells using p-tyramine as substrate by fluorometric assay
AID1190177	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as production of H2O2 incubated for 15 mins prior to substrate addition at 60 uM measured after 20 mins by microplate fluorescence reader analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 23, Issue:3	Design and synthesis of novel 2-pyrazoline-1-ethanone derivatives as selective MAO inhibitors.
AID1751717	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN- 5B1-4 insect cells using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 10 mins in presence of substrate followed by enzyme addition and measured every minute for 30 mins by spectro	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-12, Volume: 64, Issue:15	Mapping Chromone-3-Phenylcarboxamide Pharmacophore:
AID125406	In vitro Inhibitory activity of Monoamine oxidase at rat hyphalamic mitochondrial PEA by displacing 2.5 uM of [14C]PEA (phenethylamine)	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID515170	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 15 mins by Amplex red assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Synthesis of new 3-aryl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-1-carbothioamide derivatives. An investigation on their ability to inhibit monoamine oxidase.
AID1761228	Inhibition of human MAO-A preincubated for 5 mins followed by addition of Kynuramine substrate and measured after 30 mins by plate reader method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-05, Volume: 211	2-Propargylamino-naphthoquinone derivatives as multipotent agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1498694	Reversible inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A assessed as residual activity at 1.1 uM using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by dialysis for 6 hrs by spectrophotometric method relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 28, Issue:14	Selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by chelerythrine, an isoquinoline alkaloid.
AID626693	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in insect cells assessed as inhibition of kynuramine oxidation after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-27, Volume: 54, Issue:20	Synthesis of three novel fluorine-18 labeled analogues of L-deprenyl for positron emission tomography (PET) studies of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B).
AID1416664	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells	2017	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 8, Issue:9	MAO inhibitory activity of bromo-2-phenylbenzofurans: synthesis,
AID516368	Inhibition of MAOA by spectrophotometry	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Synthesis of new series of quinoxaline based MAO-inhibitors and docking studies.
AID1301270	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells to IC50 for human recombinant microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-19, Volume: 117	(E)-3-Heteroarylidenechroman-4-ones as potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID1757198	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A by multimode plate reader assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 216	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dimethylamino chalcone-O-alkylamines derivatives as potential multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1241459	Inhibition of BChE in equine serum using butyrylthiocholine iodide substrate by Ellman assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16	Evaluation of Homobivalent Carbolines as Designed Multiple Ligands for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders.
AID1336724	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected High 5 insect cells using kynuramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by spectrofluorometric method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4'-aminochalcone-rivastigmine hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1868500	Inhibition of EZH2 (unknown origin) using [3H]SAM and chicken core histone as substrates incubated for 1 hr	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID1502983	Inhibition of MAOA (unknown origin) using beetle luciferin as substrate by MAO-Glo assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 140	Design and synthesis of tranylcypromine derivatives as novel LSD1/HDACs dual inhibitors for cancer treatment.
AID346979	Inhibition of MAO-B in rat liver homogenate after 60 mins by residual activity plot	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2	New pyrazoline bearing 4(3H)-quinazolinone inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.
AID1282047	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human microsomal MAO-A to recombinant human microsomal MAO-B	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 24, Issue:8	Novel tricyclic pyrazolo[1,5-d][1,4]benzoxazepin-5(6H)-one: Design, synthesis, model and use as hMAO-B inhibitors.
AID1456236	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using tyramine as substrate pretreated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition incubated for 30 mins measured at 5 mins interval by horse-radish peroxidase/amplex	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-05, Volume: 131	MAO enzymes inhibitory activity of new benzimidazole derivatives including hydrazone and propargyl side chains.
AID1519690	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTN-TN-5B1-4 cells to IC50 for human microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTN-TN-5B1-4 cells using kynuramine as substrate	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 185	Design of novel monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors based on piperine scaffold: Structure-activity-toxicity, drug-likeness and efflux transport studies.
AID1709260	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOA using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 35	Novel 3-benzylidene/benzylphthalide Mannich base derivatives as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1718168	Inhibition of radioligand binding to sigma2 receptor in C57BL/6 mouse brain membranes	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-24, Volume: 63, Issue:24	Small Molecules Selectively Targeting Sigma-1 Receptor for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases.
AID1624337	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate after 20 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 29, Issue:6	Osthenol, a prenylated coumarin, as a monoamine oxidase A inhibitor with high selectivity.
AID1636269	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A preincubated for 30 mins followed by p-tyramine hydrochloride addition measured after 30 mins by Amplex red fluorescence based spectrophotometry	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 24, Issue:20	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of N-methyl-N-[(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)alkyl]propargylamines as novel monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID528279	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BT1 cells	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 20, Issue:22	Synthesis and molecular modelling studies of prenylated pyrazolines as MAO-B inhibitors.
AID1651630	Inhibition of equine serum BChE using (S)-butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate at 10 uM measured for 6 mins by Ellman's method	2020	Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4	Bioactive Azepine-Indole Alkaloids from
AID468863	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Synthesis and inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase of N1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-di(hetero)aryl-4,5-dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivatives.
AID1374193	Inhibition of self-induced aggregation of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) at 25 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence method relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of 4'-OH-flurbiprofen-chalcone hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID1754142	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human MAO-A to IC50 for human MAO-B	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 43	Novel 1-(prop-2-yn-1-ylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-thiol derivatives as potent selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors: Design, SAR development, and biological evaluation.
AID1657150	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate measured after 30 mins by fluorescence based assay	2020	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-15, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and evaluation of phthalide alkyl tertiary amine derivatives as promising acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with high potency and selectivity against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1332148	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 20 mins by amplex red assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	N-Propargylpiperidines with naphthalene-2-carboxamide or naphthalene-2-sulfonamide moieties: Potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents.
AID706469	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA assessed as H2O2 production by Amplex Red reagent-based assay	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-11, Volume: 55, Issue:19	Multitarget-directed benzylideneindanone derivatives: anti-β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregation, antioxidant, metal chelation, and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition properties against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1347966	Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH radical scavenging activity preincubated for 10 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every 2 mins for 180 mins by ORAC-FL assay	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143	Discovery of novel propargylamine-modified 4-aminoalkyl imidazole substituted pyrimidinylthiourea derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1252750	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAOA to IC50 for recombinant human MAOB	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103	Novel 2H-chromen-2-one derivatives of resveratrol: Design, synthesis, modeling and use as human monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1373681	Irreversible inhibition of human recombinant MAOA assessed as residual enzyme activity at 0.01 uM pre-incubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by dialysis with pH 7.2 sodium phosphate buffer for 6 hrs followed by 0.06 mM kynuramine substrate addition	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 28, Issue:4	Selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by hispidol.
AID1152915	Inhibition of MAO-B in rat liver homogenate using [14C]-phenylethylamine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 4 mins by liquid scintillation counting analysis	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 80	Donepezil + propargylamine + 8-hydroxyquinoline hybrids as new multifunctional metal-chelators, ChE and MAO inhibitors for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID497517	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Investigations on the 2-thiazolylhydrazyne scaffold: synthesis and molecular modeling of selective human monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID125550	Inhibitory activity against monoamine oxidase B in isolated bovine brain mitochondria	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-13, Volume: 46, Issue:6	Simple, potent, and selective pyrrole inhibitors of monoamine oxidase types A and B.
AID1225276	Inhibition of MAO-A in rat liver mitochondria using serotonin as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 60 mins prior to substrate addition	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	α-Ketoamino acid ester derivatives as promising MAO inhibitors.
AID1571215	Inhibition of MAOB (unknown origin) using benzylamine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition	2018	MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:11	Selected aryl thiosemicarbazones as a new class of multi-targeted monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1352195	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured over 15 mins by Amplex red reagent-based fluorimetric method	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 145	Design, synthesis and bioevalucation of novel 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine derivatives as potent and selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors based on rasagiline.
AID1412308	Irreversible time dependent inhibition of human recombinant MAOA at 2 times IC50 using kynuramine as substrate preincubated up to 60 mins followed by 45 uM substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID1282046	Inhibition of recombinant human microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as H2O2 production at 60 uM pretreated for 15 mins followed by addition of Amplex Red, horseradish peroxidase and substr	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 24, Issue:8	Novel tricyclic pyrazolo[1,5-d][1,4]benzoxazepin-5(6H)-one: Design, synthesis, model and use as hMAO-B inhibitors.
AID1416662	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells assessed as reduction in H2O2 production using p-tyramine as substrate pretreated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured over 15 mins by Amplex red reage	2017	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 8, Issue:9	MAO inhibitory activity of bromo-2-phenylbenzofurans: synthesis,
AID1759292	Inhibition of MAO-B (unknown origin) at 10 uM relative to control	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41	Discovery of new tranylcypromine derivatives as highly potent LSD1 inhibitors.
AID1691657	Disaggregation of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) preformed fibrils at 25 uM measured after 24 hrs by thioflavin-T fluorescence assay relative to control	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 194	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel O-carbamoyl ferulamide derivatives as multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID759443	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB using benzylamine as substrate incubated for 15 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence plate reader analysis	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1767579	Selectivity for MAO-B (unknown origin) to MAO-A (unknown origin)	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 222	Halting colorectal cancer metastasis via novel dual nanomolar MMP-9/MAO-A quinoxaline-based inhibitors; design, synthesis, and evaluation.
AID593112	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human MAO-A to IC50 for human MAO-B	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Homoisoflavonoids: natural scaffolds with potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibition properties.
AID1140811	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus-infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cell microsomes assessed as decrease in H2O2 production using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorimetric method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Identification of the stereochemical requirements in the 4-aryl-2-cycloalkylidenhydrazinylthiazole scaffold for the design of selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1459558	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A assessed as reduction in 4-hydroxyquinolone production using kynuramine as substrate after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125	Synthesis and evaluation of 7-substituted coumarin derivatives as multimodal monoamine oxidase-B and cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1740535	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate measured after 15 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence assay	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 202	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of rasagiline-clorgyline hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-B and amyloid-β aggregation against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1493744	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B using kynuramine as substrate after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143	Design, synthesis and biochemical evaluation of novel multi-target inhibitors as potential anti-Parkinson agents.
AID1368628	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 26, Issue:1	Synthesis and evaluation of biaryl derivatives for structural characterization of selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors toward Parkinson's disease therapy.
AID1701087	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in Sf9 cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition for 60 mins by Luminex assay	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-10, Volume: 63, Issue:23	Computational Fragment-Based Design Facilitates Discovery of Potent and Selective Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) Inhibitor.
AID714924	Inhibition of MAOB in mouse brain mitochondrial fraction assessed as enzyme activity per mg of protein using beta-PEA substrate incubated for 20 mins by UV-spectrophotometry	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Synthesis, characterization, antidepressant and antioxidant activity of novel piperamides bearing piperidine and piperazine analogues.
AID102897	In vitro inhibitory activity on rat brain MAO-B.	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-30, Volume: 36, Issue:9	5-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one derivatives and related analogues: new reversible, highly potent, and selective monamine oxidase type B inhibitors.
AID416572	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as effect on H2O2 production from para-tyramine by fluorimetric method	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Synthesis, molecular modeling, and selective inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidases of 3-carboxamido-7-substituted coumarins.
AID1322909	Reversible inhibition of human recombinant MAOA at 10 fold IC50 preincubated for 30 mins followed by 100 fold dilution of enzyme-compound complex in presence of p-tyramine substrate measured for 1 hr by horse-radish peroxidase/amplex red-based fluorometri	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 121	Donepezil-like multifunctional agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation.
AID641910	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in insect cells assessed as formation of 4-hydroxyquinoline at 0.5 uM preincubated for 1 hr before kynuramine substrate measured after 12 hrs of dialysis	2011	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 19, Issue:24	Time-dependent slowly-reversible inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by N-substituted 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridines.
AID1695583	Irreversible inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A assessed as residual enzyme activity using tyramine as substrate at 4XIC50 preincubated with enzyme for 15 mins followed by 24 hrs of dialysis process and later incubated with substrate by Amplex Red reag	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID1571224	Irreversible inhibition of MAOA (unknown origin) assessed as residual enzyme activity at 0.014 uM using kynuramine as substrate pre-incubated for 30 mins followed by dialysis with pH 7.2 sodium phosphate buffer relative to control	2018	MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:11	Selected aryl thiosemicarbazones as a new class of multi-targeted monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1231573	Inhibition of bovine brain mitochondria MAO-A using serotonin substrate after 60 mins by fluorimetric method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Synthesis and evaluation of quinazoline amino acid derivatives as mono amine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
AID1528933	Irreversible inhibition of recombinant human MAOA expressed in Pichia pastoris assessed as ratio of Kinact to Ki using varying levels of kynuramine as substrate measured after 5 mins by Michaelis-Menten equation analysis
AID1759293	Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin)	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41	Discovery of new tranylcypromine derivatives as highly potent LSD1 inhibitors.
AID1706698	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209	Pyrimido[1,2-b]indazole derivatives: Selective inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase B with neuroprotective activity.
AID1347961	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOA using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 15 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence assay	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143	Discovery of novel propargylamine-modified 4-aminoalkyl imidazole substituted pyrimidinylthiourea derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1761632	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOB using kynuramine as substrate measured for 30 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometric assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213	4-Oxoquinolines and monoamine oxidase: When tautomerism matters.
AID1322903	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 1 hr by horse-radish peroxidase/amplex red-based fluorometric method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 121	Donepezil-like multifunctional agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation.
AID767289	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus-infected insect BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as p-tyramine conversion to H2O2 by fluorescence assay	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 23, Issue:18	Design, synthesis, and in vitro hMAO-B inhibitory evaluation of some 1-methyl-3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles.
AID1332152	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human recombinant microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells to IC50 for human recombinant microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	N-Propargylpiperidines with naphthalene-2-carboxamide or naphthalene-2-sulfonamide moieties: Potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents.
AID1530602	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected insect cell microsomes using kynuramine as substrate measured after 30 mins by fluorescence based assay	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 161	Investigating alkyl nitrates as nitric oxide releasing precursors of multitarget acetylcholinesterase-monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1594618	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA using kynuramine as substrate incubated for 10 mins by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 27, Issue:10	Discovery, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of (R)-5-methylmellein and its analogs as selective monoamine oxidase A inhibitors.
AID1868501	Inhibition of PRMT1 (unknown origin) using [3H]SAM and chicken histone 4 as substrates at 100 uM incubated for 1 hr relative to control	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID637705	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells assessed as inhibition of hydrogen peroxide production from p-tryptamine after 15 mins by fluorimetric method	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 48	Synthesis and biological assessment of novel 2-thiazolylhydrazones and computational analysis of their recognition by monoamine oxidase B.
AID1397342	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells using benzylamine as substrate preincubated for 1 hr followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins by resazurin dye-based fluorescence assay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16	Development of Novel Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) Inhibitors with Reduced Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability for the Potential Management of Noncentral Nervous System (CNS) Diseases.
AID1651633	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence-based method	2020	Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4	Bioactive Azepine-Indole Alkaloids from
AID1057002	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using benzylamine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins under dark condition followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-01, Volume: 21, Issue:23	Inhibition of cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase-B activity by Tacrine-Homoisoflavonoid hybrids.
AID1704810	Displacement of [3H]N-alpha-methylhistamine from recombinant human histamine H3 receptor expressed in CHO-K1 cells by microbeta scintillation analysis
AID1465302	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-acetyl-5-O-(amino-alkyl)phenol derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1695572	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 0.1 uM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID514142	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production from p-tyramine by amplex red assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14	Synthesis, semipreparative HPLC separation, biological evaluation, and 3D-QSAR of hydrazothiazole derivatives as human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1847855	Inhibition of human full length recombinant MAO-B expressed in insect cells using kynuramine as substrate	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-23, Volume: 64, Issue:24	Installation of Pargyline, a LSD1 Inhibitor, in the HDAC Inhibitory Template Culminated in the Identification of a Tractable Antiprostate Cancer Agent.
AID1152916	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for MAO-B in rat liver homogenate to IC50 for MAO-A in rat liver homogenate	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 80	Donepezil + propargylamine + 8-hydroxyquinoline hybrids as new multifunctional metal-chelators, ChE and MAO inhibitors for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1594619	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB using kynuramine as substrate incubated for 10 mins by UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 27, Issue:10	Discovery, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of (R)-5-methylmellein and its analogs as selective monoamine oxidase A inhibitors.
AID1571223	Irreversible inhibition of MAOA (unknown origin) assessed as residual enzyme activity at 0.014 uM using kynuramine as substrate measured after 30 mins relative to control	2018	MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:11	Selected aryl thiosemicarbazones as a new class of multi-targeted monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1900912	Cytotoxicity against human TMZ-sensitive U251 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID387974	Selectivity ratio of Ki for bovine MAO-A over Ki for bovine MAO-B	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 16, Issue:22	Synthesis, structure-activity relationships and molecular modeling studies of new indole inhibitors of monoamine oxidases A and B.
AID118294	Lowest dose potentiating the awakening effect of phenethylamine (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) in mice pretreated with reserpine	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID1524508	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition and measured over 15 mins by Amplex red reagent/horseradish peroxidase coupled fl	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 29, Issue:9	Discovery of novel 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine derivatives as selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID729969	Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine chloride as substrate after 15 mins by Ellman's method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62	A novel series of tacrine-selegiline hybrids with cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibition activities for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1412302	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition at 10 secs intervals measured after 20 mins by fluorescence assay
AID1780627	Inhibition of recombinant MAO-B (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in 4-hydroxyquinoline level using kynuramine as a substrate at 1 uM incubated for 20 mins by discontinuous fluorimetric assay relative to control	2021	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-11, Volume: 12, Issue:11	Ugi Reaction Synthesis of Oxindole-Lactam Hybrids as Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
AID1632838	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells preincubated for 10 mins followed by addition of kynuramine as substrate	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-01, Volume: 26, Issue:19	Potent selective monoamine oxidase B inhibition by maackiain, a pterocarpan from the roots of Sophora flavescens.
AID1900927	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as median survival time at 10 mg/kg, ip for 10 days (Rvb= 13.8 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1458407	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1- 4 cells using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as decrease in H2O2 production at 100 uM after 15 mins by amplex red-based fluorescence assay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-24, Volume: 60, Issue:16	Coumarin versus Chromone Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors: Quo Vadis?
AID1891689	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB using kynuramine substrate incubated for 20 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometry	2022	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 67	The evaluation of N-propargylamine-2-aminotetralin as an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase.
AID1374198	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of 4'-OH-flurbiprofen-chalcone hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID593111	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect sells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production by fluorimetric method	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Homoisoflavonoids: natural scaffolds with potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibition properties.
AID1900921	Invivo inhibition of MAO-A in mouse xenografted with mouse GL26 cells as decrease in MAO activity in brain at 10 mg/kg by radiometric analysis	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1198500	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for bovine brain MAO-B to IC50 for bovine brain MAO-A	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93	Exploring new selective 3-benzylquinoxaline-based MAO-A inhibitors: design, synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies.
AID729966	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using p-tyramine substrate preincubated for 15 mins before substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62	A novel series of tacrine-selegiline hybrids with cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibition activities for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1437168	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4	DL-3-n-butylphthalide-Edaravone hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of amyloid-β aggregation and monoamine oxidases with high antioxidant potency for Alzheimer's therapy.
AID714925	Inhibition of MAOA in mouse brain mitochondrial fraction assessed as enzyme activity per mg of protein using 5-HT substrate incubated for 20 mins by UV-spectrophotometry	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 22, Issue:23	Synthesis, characterization, antidepressant and antioxidant activity of novel piperamides bearing piperidine and piperazine analogues.
AID125380	Inhibitory activity of Monoamine oxidase at mouse forebrain homogenate by displacing [14C]5-HT (serotonin)	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID1695575	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 0.1 nM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID514141	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production from p-tyramine by amplex red assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 18, Issue:14	Synthesis, semipreparative HPLC separation, biological evaluation, and 3D-QSAR of hydrazothiazole derivatives as human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1900944	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as assessed as median survival time at 10 mg/kg, ip treatment started at 7 dpi (Rvb=18.25 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1761229	Inhibition of human MAO-B preincubated for 5 mins followed by addition of Kynuramine substrate and measured after 30 mins by plate reader method	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-05, Volume: 211	2-Propargylamino-naphthoquinone derivatives as multipotent agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID629007	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production from p-tyramine after 15 mins by amplex red assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	2D MI-DRAGON: a new predictor for protein-ligands interactions and theoretic-experimental studies of US FDA drug-target network, oxoisoaporphine inhibitors for MAO-A and human parasite proteins.
AID1231577	Acute toxicity in mouse at 125 mg/kg, ip after 24 hrs	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Synthesis and evaluation of quinazoline amino acid derivatives as mono amine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
AID619471	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 46, Issue:10	Synthesis and selective human monoamine oxidase inhibition of 3-carbonyl, 3-acyl, and 3-carboxyhydrazido coumarin derivatives.
AID1458405	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1- 4 cells using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as decrease in H2O2 production after 15 mins by amplex red-based fluorescence assay	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-24, Volume: 60, Issue:16	Coumarin versus Chromone Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors: Quo Vadis?
AID1524510	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells to IC50 for recombinant human MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-01, Volume: 29, Issue:9	Discovery of novel 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine derivatives as selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1498693	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A assessed as residual activity at 1.1 uM using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by spectrophotometric method relative to control	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 08-01, Volume: 28, Issue:14	Selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by chelerythrine, an isoquinoline alkaloid.
AID1695576	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 0.01 nM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID1506642	Inhibition of human MAOB pre-incubated for 10 mins before p-tyramine substrate addition and measured after 10 mins by amplex red reagent-based microplate fluorescence reader analysis	2017	MedChemComm, Feb-01, Volume: 8, Issue:2	Pyrazolobenzothiazine-based carbothioamides as new structural leads for the inhibition of monoamine oxidases: design, synthesis,
AID1530601	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected insect cell microsomes using kynuramine as substrate measured after 30 mins by fluorescence based assay	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 161	Investigating alkyl nitrates as nitric oxide releasing precursors of multitarget acetylcholinesterase-monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1421879	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1- 4 cells using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as decrease in H2O2 production by amplex red-based fluorescence assay	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158	Multi-target-directed ligands for Alzheimer's disease: Discovery of chromone-based monoamine oxidase/cholinesterase inhibitors.
AID1332150	Inhibition of mouse AChe using acetylthiocholine as substrate preincubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 1 min by Ellman's method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	N-Propargylpiperidines with naphthalene-2-carboxamide or naphthalene-2-sulfonamide moieties: Potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents.
AID1230937	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using kynuramine substrate by spectrophotometric assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 58, Issue:14	Structure-Based Design and Optimization of Multitarget-Directed 2H-Chromen-2-one Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase B and Cholinesterases.
AID1245395	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOB using benzylamine as substrate after 30 mins by Amplex red based spectrophotometric analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 23, Issue:19	Synthesis of a series of unsaturated ketone derivatives as selective and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1334745	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using kynuramine as substrate measured after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	Multitarget drug design strategy against Alzheimer's disease: Homoisoflavonoid Mannich base derivatives serve as acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase B dual inhibitors with multifunctional properties.
AID1245396	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOA using p-tyramine as substrate after 30 mins by Amplex red based spectrophotometric analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 23, Issue:19	Synthesis of a series of unsaturated ketone derivatives as selective and reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID349909	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A assessed as hydrogen peroxide production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Chalcones: a valid scaffold for monoamine oxidases inhibitors.
AID1900940	Toxicity in mouse bearing intracranial tumor assessed as assessed as median survival time at 10 mg/kg, ip for 14 days treatment started at 5 days post-infection (Rvb=12.8 days)	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID478547	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B assessed as inhibition of production of hydrogen peroxide after 15 mins by the Amplex Red fluorimetric method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 20, Issue:9	Chromone-2- and -3-carboxylic acids inhibit differently monoamine oxidases A and B.
AID346981	Inhibition of MAO-A in rat liver homogenate after 60 mins by Lineweaver-Burke plot	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2	New pyrazoline bearing 4(3H)-quinazolinone inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.
AID710372	Inhibition of bovine brain MAOA using kinuramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 30 mins by fluorometric assay	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-13, Volume: 55, Issue:23	Synthesis of new 7-oxycoumarin derivatives as potent and selective monoamine oxidase A inhibitors.
AID1152908	Inhibition of equine serum BuChE using butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 25 mins by Ellman's method	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 80	Donepezil + propargylamine + 8-hydroxyquinoline hybrids as new multifunctional metal-chelators, ChE and MAO inhibitors for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID235637	Selectivity index, monoamine oxidase A and monoamine oxidase B	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-13, Volume: 46, Issue:6	Simple, potent, and selective pyrrole inhibitors of monoamine oxidase types A and B.
AID1421881	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158	Multi-target-directed ligands for Alzheimer's disease: Discovery of chromone-based monoamine oxidase/cholinesterase inhibitors.
AID1759290	Inhibition of LSD1 (unknown origin)	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 06-01, Volume: 41	Discovery of new tranylcypromine derivatives as highly potent LSD1 inhibitors.
AID710370	Selectivity index, ratio of Ki for bovine brain MAOB to Ki for bovine brain MAOA	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-13, Volume: 55, Issue:23	Synthesis of new 7-oxycoumarin derivatives as potent and selective monoamine oxidase A inhibitors.
AID1368626	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B using benzylamine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by amplex red reagent based spectrophotometric assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 26, Issue:1	Synthesis and evaluation of biaryl derivatives for structural characterization of selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors toward Parkinson's disease therapy.
AID515171	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production after 15 mins by Amplex red assay	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Synthesis of new 3-aryl-4,5-dihydropyrazole-1-carbothioamide derivatives. An investigation on their ability to inhibit monoamine oxidase.
AID1230944	Inhibition of human serum BuChE by spectrophotometric Ellman's method	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 58, Issue:14	Structure-Based Design and Optimization of Multitarget-Directed 2H-Chromen-2-one Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase B and Cholinesterases.
AID279954	Inhibition of bovine brain mitochondria MAOB by fluorometric assay	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	New pyrrole inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.
AID1528931	Irreversible inhibition of recombinant human MAOA expressed in Pichia pastoris assessed as inactivation rate constant using varying levels of kynuramine as substrate measured after 5 mins by Michaelis-Menten equation analysis
AID1571216	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for MAOA (unknown origin) to IC50 for MAOB (unknown origin)	2018	MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:11	Selected aryl thiosemicarbazones as a new class of multi-targeted monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID125391	Compound was injected ip 1 hr prior to 90 mg/kg iv of 5-HT (serotonin) for evaluation of head twitches in mcie	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID1868498	Inhibition of SETD8 (unknown origin) using [3H]SAM and HeLa nucleosomes as substrates incubated for 1 hr	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID1493733	Inhibition of MAO-B in rat liver mitochondria using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 30 mins in presence of MAO-A inhibitor clorgyline by Amplex red dye-based fluorescence assay
AID1336728	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected High 5 insect cells to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected High 5 insect cells	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4'-aminochalcone-rivastigmine hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1231576	Acute toxicity in mouse at 300 mg/kg, po after 24 hrs	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Synthesis and evaluation of quinazoline amino acid derivatives as mono amine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
AID478544	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A assessed as inhibition of production of hydrogen peroxide after 15 mins by Amplex Red fluorimetric method	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 20, Issue:9	Chromone-2- and -3-carboxylic acids inhibit differently monoamine oxidases A and B.
AID1437173	Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH radical scavenging activity at 1 uM preincubated for 15 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every min for 90 mins by ORAC-FL assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4	DL-3-n-butylphthalide-Edaravone hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of amyloid-β aggregation and monoamine oxidases with high antioxidant potency for Alzheimer's therapy.
AID279953	Inhibition of bovine brain mitochondria MAOA by fluorometric assay	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	New pyrrole inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.
AID361939	Ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Synthesis, stereochemical identification, and selective inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase-B of 2-methylcyclohexylidene-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazones.
AID1506641	Inhibition of human MAOA pre-incubated for 10 mins before p-tyramine substrate addition and measured after 10 mins by amplex red reagent-based microplate fluorescence reader analysis	2017	MedChemComm, Feb-01, Volume: 8, Issue:2	Pyrazolobenzothiazine-based carbothioamides as new structural leads for the inhibition of monoamine oxidases: design, synthesis,
AID1322904	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 1 hr by horse-radish peroxidase/amplex red-based fluorometric method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 121	Donepezil-like multifunctional agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation.
AID1624338	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using benzylamine as substrate after 30 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 29, Issue:6	Osthenol, a prenylated coumarin, as a monoamine oxidase A inhibitor with high selectivity.
AID416577	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-09, Volume: 52, Issue:7	Synthesis, molecular modeling, and selective inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidases of 3-carboxamido-7-substituted coumarins.
AID1192624	Inhibition of MAO-B in rat whole brain homogenate in presence of clorgyline	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 23, Issue:4	Reversible and irreversible small molecule inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) investigated by biophysical techniques.
AID1373671	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 28, Issue:4	Selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by hispidol.
AID1458408	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant microsomal MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant microsomal MAOB	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-24, Volume: 60, Issue:16	Coumarin versus Chromone Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors: Quo Vadis?
AID509550	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected insect BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as production of hydrogen peroxide from p-tyramine by amplex red assay	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-09, Volume: 53, Issue:17	Synthesis, stereochemical separation, and biological evaluation of selective inhibitors of human MAO-B: 1-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)-2-(3-methylcyclohexylidene)hydrazines.
AID1636271	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 10-15, Volume: 24, Issue:20	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of N-methyl-N-[(1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)alkyl]propargylamines as novel monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID759446	Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine chloride as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 1 min by Ellman's method	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-25, Volume: 56, Issue:14	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of multitarget-directed resveratrol derivatives for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID468865	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Synthesis and inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase of N1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-di(hetero)aryl-4,5-dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivatives.
AID279955	Selectivity index, ratio of Ki for MAOB/Ki for MAOA	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	New pyrrole inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.
AID1231574	Inhibition of bovine brain mitochondria MAO-B using benzylamine substrate after 60 mins by fluorimetric method	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Synthesis and evaluation of quinazoline amino acid derivatives as mono amine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors.
AID1397341	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells using tyramine as substrate preincubated for 1 hr followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins by resazurin dye-based fluorescence assay	2018	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-23, Volume: 61, Issue:16	Development of Novel Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) Inhibitors with Reduced Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability for the Potential Management of Noncentral Nervous System (CNS) Diseases.
AID1740538	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells to IC50 for recombinant human MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 202	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of rasagiline-clorgyline hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-B and amyloid-β aggregation against Alzheimer's disease.
AID125383	Inhibition of Monoamine oxidase at mouse forebrain homogenate by displacing [14C]PEA (phenethylamine)	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID1757199	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 216	Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dimethylamino chalcone-O-alkylamines derivatives as potential multifunctional agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1280667	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI cells using p-tyramine as substrate after 15 mins by Amplex Red-based fluorescence assay	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 108	Drug design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico evaluation of selective monoaminoxidase B inhibitors based on 3-acetyl-2-dichlorophenyl-5-aryl-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole chemical scaffold.
AID1626714	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA expressed in microsomes of baculovirus-infected insect cell using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 20 mins followed by protein addition measured after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-28, Volume: 59, Issue:14	Exploring Basic Tail Modifications of Coumarin-Based Dual Acetylcholinesterase-Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors: Identification of Water-Soluble, Brain-Permeant Neuroprotective Multitarget Agents.
AID1891690	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for inhibition of human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2022	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 67	The evaluation of N-propargylamine-2-aminotetralin as an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase.
AID1437172	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4	DL-3-n-butylphthalide-Edaravone hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of amyloid-β aggregation and monoamine oxidases with high antioxidant potency for Alzheimer's therapy.
AID1301267	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as reduction in H2O2 production preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 15 mins Ample	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-19, Volume: 117	(E)-3-Heteroarylidenechroman-4-ones as potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID1691659	Inhibition of self-induced Amyloid beta (1 to 42 residues) (unknown origin) aggregation at 25 uM measured after 24 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorimetric assay relative to control	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 194	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel O-carbamoyl ferulamide derivatives as multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID509551	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-09, Volume: 53, Issue:17	Synthesis, stereochemical separation, and biological evaluation of selective inhibitors of human MAO-B: 1-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)-2-(3-methylcyclohexylidene)hydrazines.
AID729965	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B using p-benzylamine substrate preincubated for 15 mins before substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62	A novel series of tacrine-selegiline hybrids with cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibition activities for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1230939	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using kynuramine substrate by spectrophotometric assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 58, Issue:14	Structure-Based Design and Optimization of Multitarget-Directed 2H-Chromen-2-one Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase B and Cholinesterases.
AID1861408	Inhibition of recombinant MAO-A (unknown origin) expressed in baculovirus infected BTI cells assessed as reduction in 4-hydroxyquinoline level using kynuramine as a substrate at 1 uM incubated for 20 mins by discontinuous fluorimetric assay relative to co	2022	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 68	Evaluation of chromane derivatives: Promising privileged scaffolds for lead discovery within Alzheimer's disease.
AID1437169	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 02-15, Volume: 27, Issue:4	DL-3-n-butylphthalide-Edaravone hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of amyloid-β aggregation and monoamine oxidases with high antioxidant potency for Alzheimer's therapy.
AID1322905	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOB to IC50 for human recombinant MAOA	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 121	Donepezil-like multifunctional agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation.
AID346980	Inhibition of MAO-A in rat liver homogenate after 60 mins by residual activity plot	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2	New pyrazoline bearing 4(3H)-quinazolinone inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.
AID1493743	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143	Design, synthesis and biochemical evaluation of novel multi-target inhibitors as potential anti-Parkinson agents.
AID1427513	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorimetric method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 25, Issue:6	Multifunctional thioxanthone derivatives with acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidases and β-amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1465303	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-15, Volume: 27, Issue:22	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 2-acetyl-5-O-(amino-alkyl)phenol derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID125547	Inhibitory activity against monoamine oxidase A in isolated bovine brain mitochondria	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-13, Volume: 46, Issue:6	Simple, potent, and selective pyrrole inhibitors of monoamine oxidase types A and B.
AID1635461	Inhibition of human microsomal MAO-B expressed in recombinant baculovirus infected insect BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as reduction in H2O2 production using p-tyramine as substrate after 15 mins by fluorescence assay	2016	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-23, Volume: 59, Issue:12	Discovery of New Chemical Entities for Old Targets: Insights on the Lead Optimization of Chromone-Based Monoamine Oxidase B (MAO-B) Inhibitors.
AID723212	Inhibition of human MAOA after 1 hr by luminescence assay	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Synthesis of (E)-8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine analogues leading to 9-deazaxanthine derivatives as dual A(2A) antagonists/MAO-B inhibitors.
AID1200969	Inhibition of bovine brain mitochondria MAO-B by spectrofluorimetry	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93	Synthesis, biological investigation and molecular docking study of N-malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline derivatives as brain specific and shelf-stable MAO inhibitors.
AID1336725	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected High 5 insect cells using kynuramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by spectrofluorometric method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 25, Issue:3	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4'-aminochalcone-rivastigmine hybrids as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1861409	Inhibition of recombinant MAO-B (unknown origin) expressed in baculovirus infected BTI cells assessed as reduction in 4-hydroxyquinoline level using kynuramine as a substrate at 1 uM incubated for 20 mins by discontinuous fluorimetric assay relative to co	2022	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 08-15, Volume: 68	Evaluation of chromane derivatives: Promising privileged scaffolds for lead discovery within Alzheimer's disease.
AID1859162	Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin)	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-05, Volume: 229	Functionalized quinoxalinones as privileged structures with broad-ranging pharmacological activities.
AID1695569	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 100 uM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID1709264	Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of AAPH radical scavenging activity measured every min for 90 mins by ORAC-FL assay	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 35	Novel 3-benzylidene/benzylphthalide Mannich base derivatives as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1292322	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometry	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 24, Issue:10	Synthesis and evaluation of 4-hydroxyl aurone derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID733502	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BT1-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as inhibition of production of hydrogen peroxide from p-tyramine after 15 mins by Amplex Red assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 59	1,5-Diphenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-ones as potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID1162183	Inhibition of human recombinant KDM1A/CoREST expressed in Escherichia coli assessed as reduction in H2O2 release using synthetic mono-methylated H3-K4 peptide (21 amino acids) substrate by horseradish peroxidase coupled enzyme assay	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86	Synthesis, biological activity and mechanistic insights of 1-substituted cyclopropylamine derivatives: a novel class of irreversible inhibitors of histone demethylase KDM1A.
AID1432440	Irreversible inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate assessed as residual activity at 100 times IC50 preincubated for 10 mins followed by 100 times compound dilution	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-01, Volume: 27, Issue:5	Selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase A by purpurin, an anthraquinone.
AID1252748	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOB using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as H2O2 production preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition by fluorometric analysis	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103	Novel 2H-chromen-2-one derivatives of resveratrol: Design, synthesis, modeling and use as human monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1639478	Inhibition of Wistar rat brain MAOA using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 15 mins by fluorescence assay
AID1761635	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for inhibition of human MAOA to IC50 for inhibition of human MAOB	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213	4-Oxoquinolines and monoamine oxidase: When tautomerism matters.
AID1900902	Inhibition of wild type MAO-B in mouse brain using methyl ester luciferin as substrate at 1 uM pre-incubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 1 hr by MAO-Glo assay relative to control	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1751716	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN- 5B1-4 insect cells using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 10 mins in presence of substrate followed by enzyme addition and measured every minute for 30 mins by spectro	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-12, Volume: 64, Issue:15	Mapping Chromone-3-Phenylcarboxamide Pharmacophore:
AID1900924	Invivo inhibition of MAO-A in mouse xenografted with mouse GL26 assessed as decrease in MAO activity in tumor at 10 mg/kg by radiometric analysis	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID693562	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human MAO-A to IC50 for human MAO-B	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 58	Recent advances in the development of selective human MAO-B inhibitors: (hetero)arylidene-(4-substituted-thiazol-2-yl)hydrazines.
AID1868495	Inhibition of DOTL1 (unknown origin) using [3H]SAM and HeLa oligo nucleosomes as substrates at 100 uM incubated for 1 hr relative to control	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID593110	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect sells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production by fluorimetric method	2011	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-14, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Homoisoflavonoids: natural scaffolds with potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibition properties.
AID1691660	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 194	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel O-carbamoyl ferulamide derivatives as multi-target-directed ligands for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1651632	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B at 10 uM incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence-based method	2020	Journal of natural products, 04-24, Volume: 83, Issue:4	Bioactive Azepine-Indole Alkaloids from
AID657238	Inhibition of MAO-B in Sprague-Dawley rat brain homogenate using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 10 mins measured by fluorimetric assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Synthesis and inhibitory effect of piperine derivates on monoamine oxidase.
AID767288	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAO-B expressed in baculovirus-infected insect BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as p-tyramine conversion to H2O2 by fluorescence assay	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Sep-15, Volume: 23, Issue:18	Design, synthesis, and in vitro hMAO-B inhibitory evaluation of some 1-methyl-3,5-diphenyl-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoles.
AID1332147	Inhibition of human recombinant microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured for 20 mins by amplex red assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	N-Propargylpiperidines with naphthalene-2-carboxamide or naphthalene-2-sulfonamide moieties: Potential multifunctional anti-Alzheimer's agents.
AID349912	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B assessed as hydrogen peroxide production	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Chalcones: a valid scaffold for monoamine oxidases inhibitors.
AID409943	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB by fluorimetric method	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 51, Issue:21	Quantitative structure-activity relationship and complex network approach to monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors.
AID1751720	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN- 5B1-4 insect cells to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN- 5B1-4 insect cells using kynuramine as substrate preinc	2021	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 08-12, Volume: 64, Issue:15	Mapping Chromone-3-Phenylcarboxamide Pharmacophore:
AID234049	Selectivity for B form estimated by ratio of IC50 for MAO-A to MAO-B.	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-30, Volume: 36, Issue:9	5-[4-(benzyloxy)phenyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one derivatives and related analogues: new reversible, highly potent, and selective monamine oxidase type B inhibitors.
AID1868505	Inhibition of human MAO-B using p-tyramine as substrate at 100 uM by fluorimetric analysis relative to control	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID1453106	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 25, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinoline-O-alkylamine derivatives as new multipotent cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1514371	Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) using (4S)-4,5-dihydro-2-(6-hydroxybenzothiazolyl)-4-thiazolecarboxylic acid as substrate by MAO-Glo assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 26, Issue:23-24	Design, synthesis and in vitro evaluation of stilbene derivatives as novel LSD1 inhibitors for AML therapy.
AID1704811	Inhibition of Electric eel AChE using ATCI as substrate incubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 5 mins by spectrophotometric based Ellman's method
AID1282043	Inhibition of recombinant human microsomal MAO-A expressed in baculovirus-infected insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as H2O2 production pretreated for 15 mins followed by addition of Amplex Red, horseradish peroxidase and substrate measu	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Apr-15, Volume: 24, Issue:8	Novel tricyclic pyrazolo[1,5-d][1,4]benzoxazepin-5(6H)-one: Design, synthesis, model and use as hMAO-B inhibitors.
AID478550	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 20, Issue:9	Chromone-2- and -3-carboxylic acids inhibit differently monoamine oxidases A and B.
AID1624354	Irreversible inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells assessed as residual activity at 0.01 uM incubated for 30 mins followed by dialysis using kynuramine as substrate by spectrophotometric analysis relative	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 29, Issue:6	Osthenol, a prenylated coumarin, as a monoamine oxidase A inhibitor with high selectivity.
AID1252749	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAOB to IC50 for recombinant human MAOA	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103	Novel 2H-chromen-2-one derivatives of resveratrol: Design, synthesis, modeling and use as human monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1231601	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 15 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence plate reader analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Synthesis and evaluation of selegiline derivatives as monoamine oxidase inhibitor, antioxidant and metal chelator against Alzheimer's disease.
AID409942	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA by fluorimetric method	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 51, Issue:21	Quantitative structure-activity relationship and complex network approach to monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors.
AID1740536	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate measured after 15 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence assay	2020	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-15, Volume: 202	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of rasagiline-clorgyline hybrids as novel dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidase-B and amyloid-β aggregation against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1241458	Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide substrate by Ellman assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16	Evaluation of Homobivalent Carbolines as Designed Multiple Ligands for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders.
AID1334746	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-15, Volume: 25, Issue:2	Multitarget drug design strategy against Alzheimer's disease: Homoisoflavonoid Mannich base derivatives serve as acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase B dual inhibitors with multifunctional properties.
AID461712	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB expressed in BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells by para-tyramine oxidation assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3	A new series of flavones, thioflavones, and flavanones as selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID1624340	Competitive inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate after 20 mins by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 29, Issue:6	Osthenol, a prenylated coumarin, as a monoamine oxidase A inhibitor with high selectivity.
AID1602881	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A expressed in insect cells to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B expressed in insect cells	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-15, Volume: 29, Issue:8	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors based on a fragment in an X-ray crystal structure.
AID125382	Inhibitory activity of Monoamine oxidase at mouse forebrain homogenate by displacing [14C]PEA (phenethylamine)	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID1872724	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence based assay	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 233	Resveratrol-based compounds and neurodegeneration: Recent insight in multitarget therapy.
AID657237	Inhibition of MAO-A in Sprague-Dawley rat brain homogenate using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 10 mins measured by fluorimetric assay	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 22, Issue:9	Synthesis and inhibitory effect of piperine derivates on monoamine oxidase.
AID1767577	Inhibition of MAO-A (unknown origin) by multi-well spectrophotometry	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-15, Volume: 222	Halting colorectal cancer metastasis via novel dual nanomolar MMP-9/MAO-A quinoxaline-based inhibitors; design, synthesis, and evaluation.
AID1695571	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 1 uM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID289284	Inhibition of rat liver MAOA after 60 mins pre-incubation	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 15, Issue:17	A new therapeutic approach in Alzheimer disease: some novel pyrazole derivatives as dual MAO-B inhibitors and antiinflammatory analgesics.
AID1695570	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 10 uM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID1528914	Inhibition of recombinant human microsomal MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured over 20 mins by amplex red reagent-based horseradish pero
AID1459559	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B assessed as reduction in 4-hydroxyquinolone production using kynuramine as substrate after 20 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-05, Volume: 125	Synthesis and evaluation of 7-substituted coumarin derivatives as multimodal monoamine oxidase-B and cholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID410878	Inhibition of MAOA in rat liver homogenates preincubated for 60 mins	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 18, Issue:24	Pyrazoline-based mycobactin analogues as MAO-inhibitors.
AID1780626	Inhibition of recombinant MAO-A (unknown origin) assessed as reduction in 4-hydroxyquinoline level using kynuramine as a substrate at 1 uM incubated for 20 mins by discontinuous fluorimetric assay relative to control	2021	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-11, Volume: 12, Issue:11	Ugi Reaction Synthesis of Oxindole-Lactam Hybrids as Selective Butyrylcholinesterase Inhibitors.
AID1900903	Cytotoxicity against mouse GL26 cells assessed as inhibition of cell growth incubated for 48 hrs by MTT assay	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
AID1594620	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOB to IC50 for human recombinant MAOA	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 27, Issue:10	Discovery, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking study of (R)-5-methylmellein and its analogs as selective monoamine oxidase A inhibitors.
AID1528929	Irreversible inhibition of recombinant human MAOA expressed in Pichia pastoris using varying levels of kynuramine as substrate measured after 5 mins by Michaelis-Menten equation analysis
AID1374197	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-01, Volume: 26, Issue:5	Design, synthesis and evaluation of 4'-OH-flurbiprofen-chalcone hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
AID497343	Inhibition of human MAOB by fluorimetry	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Investigations on the 2-thiazolylhydrazyne scaffold: synthesis and molecular modeling of selective human monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1868496	Inhibition of DOTL1 (unknown origin) using [3H]SAM and HeLa oligo nucleosomes as substrates incubated for 1 hr	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID729967	Inhibition of horse serum BChE using butyrylthiocholine chloride as substrate after 15 mins by Ellman's method	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 62	A novel series of tacrine-selegiline hybrids with cholinesterase and monoamine oxidase inhibition activities for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1427514	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 25, Issue:6	Multifunctional thioxanthone derivatives with acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidases and β-amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID693560	Inhibition of human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells using p-tyramine as substrate incubated for 15 mins prior to substrate addition measured for 15 mins by Amplex red assay	2012	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 58	Recent advances in the development of selective human MAO-B inhibitors: (hetero)arylidene-(4-substituted-thiazol-2-yl)hydrazines.
AID1556049	Inhibition of electric eel AChE assessed as reduction in production of H202 using acetylcholine as substrate incubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition by horse radish peroxidase/Amplex red reagent based fluorescence assay	2019	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 177	Dipropargyl substituted diphenylpyrimidines as dual inhibitors of monoamine oxidase and acetylcholinesterase.
AID1868503	Inhibition of human MAO-A using p-tyramine as substrate at 100 uM by fluorimetric analysis relative to control	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID1152907	Inhibition of electric eel AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 5 mins by Ellman's method	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 80	Donepezil + propargylamine + 8-hydroxyquinoline hybrids as new multifunctional metal-chelators, ChE and MAO inhibitors for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1754860	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using pargyline as incubated for 20 mins measuring increase in emission signal at 310 nm multimode plate reader assay	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 42	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-styrylchromone derivatives as selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1704812	Inhibition of equine serum BChE using BTCI as substrate incubated for 5 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 5 mins by spectrophotometric based Ellman's method
AID1453107	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 06-15, Volume: 25, Issue:12	Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinoline-O-alkylamine derivatives as new multipotent cholinesterase/monoamine oxidase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID468868	Selectivity, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to human recombinant MAOB	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 45, Issue:2	Synthesis and inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase of N1-thiocarbamoyl-3,5-di(hetero)aryl-4,5-dihydro-(1H)-pyrazole derivatives.
AID497342	Inhibition of human MAOA by fluorimetry	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Aug-01, Volume: 18, Issue:15	Investigations on the 2-thiazolylhydrazyne scaffold: synthesis and molecular modeling of selective human monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1322906	Inhibition of human recombinant AChE expressed in HEK293 cells using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 30 mins by Ellman's method	2016	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 121	Donepezil-like multifunctional agents: Design, synthesis, molecular modeling and biological evaluation.
AID1152914	Inhibition of MAO-A in rat liver homogenate using [14C]-5HT as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by liquid scintillation counting analysis	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-10, Volume: 80	Donepezil + propargylamine + 8-hydroxyquinoline hybrids as new multifunctional metal-chelators, ChE and MAO inhibitors for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1427512	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorimetric method	2017	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 03-15, Volume: 25, Issue:6	Multifunctional thioxanthone derivatives with acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidases and β-amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID361936	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Synthesis, stereochemical identification, and selective inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase-B of 2-methylcyclohexylidene-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazones.
AID1436076	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using kynuramine as substrate incubated for 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2017	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 126	Aurone Mannich base derivatives as promising multifunctional agents with acetylcholinesterase inhibition, anti-β-amyloid aggragation and neuroprotective properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1761631	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOA using kynuramine as substrate measured for 30 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometric assay	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-05, Volume: 213	4-Oxoquinolines and monoamine oxidase: When tautomerism matters.
AID1709261	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOB using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 04-01, Volume: 35	Novel 3-benzylidene/benzylphthalide Mannich base derivatives as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1624353	Irreversible inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells assessed as residual activity at 0.01 uM incubated for 30 mins using kynuramine as substrate by spectrophotometric analysis relative to control	2019	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 03-15, Volume: 29, Issue:6	Osthenol, a prenylated coumarin, as a monoamine oxidase A inhibitor with high selectivity.
AID361935	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-28, Volume: 51, Issue:16	Synthesis, stereochemical identification, and selective inhibitory activity against human monoamine oxidase-B of 2-methylcyclohexylidene-(4-arylthiazol-2-yl)hydrazones.
AID1571214	Inhibition of MAOA (unknown origin) using kynuramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins followed by substrate addition	2018	MedChemComm, Nov-01, Volume: 9, Issue:11	Selected aryl thiosemicarbazones as a new class of multi-targeted monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID1162189	Inhibition of KDM1A in human NB4 cells assessed as increase in Gfi-1b mRNA expression up to 100 uM incubated for 24 hrs by quantitative RT-PCR method	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-30, Volume: 86	Synthesis, biological activity and mechanistic insights of 1-substituted cyclopropylamine derivatives: a novel class of irreversible inhibitors of histone demethylase KDM1A.
AID1230942	Inhibition of human recombinant AChE by spectrophotometric Ellman's method	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 58, Issue:14	Structure-Based Design and Optimization of Multitarget-Directed 2H-Chromen-2-one Derivatives as Potent Inhibitors of Monoamine Oxidase B and Cholinesterases.
AID409944	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAOA to IC50 for human recombinant MAOB	2008	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-13, Volume: 51, Issue:21	Quantitative structure-activity relationship and complex network approach to monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors.
AID1416660	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected insect cells assessed as reduction in H2O2 production using p-tyramine as substrate pretreated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured over 15 mins by Amplex red reage	2017	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 8, Issue:9	MAO inhibitory activity of bromo-2-phenylbenzofurans: synthesis,
AID1868497	Inhibition of SETD8 (unknown origin) using [3H]SAM and HeLa nucleosomes as substrates at 100 uM incubated for 1 hr relative to control	2022	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237	Novel non-covalent LSD1 inhibitors endowed with anticancer effects in leukemia and solid tumor cellular models.
AID516369	Inhibition of MAOB by spectrophotometry	2010	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 45, Issue:10	Synthesis of new series of quinoxaline based MAO-inhibitors and docking studies.
AID710371	Inhibition of bovine brain MAOB using kinuramine as substrate preincubated for 30 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 30 mins by fluorometric assay	2012	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-13, Volume: 55, Issue:23	Synthesis of new 7-oxycoumarin derivatives as potent and selective monoamine oxidase A inhibitors.
AID1754859	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using kynuramine as substrate incubated for 20 mins measuring increase in emission signal at 400 nm multimode plate reader assay	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 42	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-styrylchromone derivatives as selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1695568	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 1 mM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID1695573	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A at 0.01 uM using tyramine as substrate preincubated with enzyme for 30 mins followed by incubation with substrate for 30 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorometric method relative to control	2020	RSC medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 11, Issue:9	Novel 1,3,4-thiadiazole compounds as potential MAO-A inhibitors - design, synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modelling.
AID1706697	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured over 20 mins by horse-radish peroxidase/Amplex Red coupled	2021	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 209	Pyrimido[1,2-b]indazole derivatives: Selective inhibitors of human monoamine oxidase B with neuroprotective activity.
AID1241463	Inhibition of human NR1-1a/NR2B expressed in mouse L13-E6 cells assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity incubated for 16 hrs by LDH release assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16	Evaluation of Homobivalent Carbolines as Designed Multiple Ligands for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders.
AID1528923	Irreversible inhibition of recombinant human MAOA expressed in Pichia pastoris at 100 uM measured immediately by UV-vis spectrophotometric analysis relative to control
AID1347963	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOB using benzylamine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 15 mins by Amplex red reagent based fluorescence assay	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-01, Volume: 143	Discovery of novel propargylamine-modified 4-aminoalkyl imidazole substituted pyrimidinylthiourea derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1292320	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence spectrophotometry	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 24, Issue:10	Synthesis and evaluation of 4-hydroxyl aurone derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1200967	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for bovine brain mitochondria MAO-B to IC50 for bovine brain mitochondria MAO-B	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93	Synthesis, biological investigation and molecular docking study of N-malonyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline derivatives as brain specific and shelf-stable MAO inhibitors.
AID1252747	Inhibition of recombinant human MAOA using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as H2O2 production preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition by fluorometric analysis	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 103	Novel 2H-chromen-2-one derivatives of resveratrol: Design, synthesis, modeling and use as human monoamine oxidase inhibitors.
AID629008	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 insect cells assessed as hydrogen peroxide production from p-tyramine after 15 mins by amplex red assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 46, Issue:12	2D MI-DRAGON: a new predictor for protein-ligands interactions and theoretic-experimental studies of US FDA drug-target network, oxoisoaporphine inhibitors for MAO-A and human parasite proteins.
AID1421880	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOB expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1- 4 cells using p-tyramine as substrate assessed as decrease in H2O2 production by amplex red-based fluorescence assay	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 158	Multi-target-directed ligands for Alzheimer's disease: Discovery of chromone-based monoamine oxidase/cholinesterase inhibitors.
AID349915	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Chalcones: a valid scaffold for monoamine oxidases inhibitors.
AID1352197	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B	2018	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 145	Design, synthesis and bioevalucation of novel 2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-amine derivatives as potent and selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors based on rasagiline.
AID1140812	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus-infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cell microsomes assessed as decrease in H2O2 production using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins by Amplex Red reagent based fluorimetric method	2014	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-15, Volume: 22, Issue:10	Identification of the stereochemical requirements in the 4-aryl-2-cycloalkylidenhydrazinylthiazole scaffold for the design of selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID1754857	Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for recombinant human MAO-A to IC50 for recombinant human MAO-B	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 07-15, Volume: 42	Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3-styrylchromone derivatives as selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors.
AID461713	Selectivity for human MAOB over human MAOA	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 18, Issue:3	A new series of flavones, thioflavones, and flavanones as selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID1231602	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B using benzylamine as substrate incubated for 15 mins prior to substrate addition measured after 20 mins by fluorescence plate reader analysis	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 23, Issue:13	Synthesis and evaluation of selegiline derivatives as monoamine oxidase inhibitor, antioxidant and metal chelator against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1754140	Inhibition of human MAO-B	2021	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-01, Volume: 43	Novel 1-(prop-2-yn-1-ylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-4-thiol derivatives as potent selective human monoamine oxidase B inhibitors: Design, SAR development, and biological evaluation.
AID346978	Inhibition of MAO-B in rat liver homogenate after 60 mins by Lineweaver-Burke plot	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 17, Issue:2	New pyrazoline bearing 4(3H)-quinazolinone inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.
AID619468	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-B expressed in baculovirus infected BTI-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as production of hydrogen peroxide from p-tyramine after 15 mins by microplate fluorescence assay	2011	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct, Volume: 46, Issue:10	Synthesis and selective human monoamine oxidase inhibition of 3-carbonyl, 3-acyl, and 3-carboxyhydrazido coumarin derivatives.
AID349920	Inhibition of human recombinant MAO-A assessed as hydrogen peroxide production at 1 mM	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Chalcones: a valid scaffold for monoamine oxidases inhibitors.
AID1054595	Irreversible inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BT1 cells using p-tyramine as substrate by Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, , Volume: 70	Novel polyamine analogues: from substrates towards potential inhibitors of monoamine oxidases.
AID1390036	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-B using kynuramine as substrate after 30 mins by fluorescence assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-01, Volume: 26, Issue:8	Multifunctional 5,6-dimethoxybenzo[d]isothiazol-3(2H)-one-N-alkylbenzylamine derivatives with acetylcholinesterase, monoamine oxidases and β-amyloid aggregation inhibitory activities as potential agents against Alzheimer's disease.
AID1198499	Inhibition of bovine brain MAO-B preincubated for 60 mins before substrate addition by fluorimetric method	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-26, Volume: 93	Exploring new selective 3-benzylquinoxaline-based MAO-A inhibitors: design, synthesis, biological evaluation and docking studies.
AID1528927	Reversible inhibition of recombinant human MAOA expressed in Pichia pastoris using varying levels of kynuramine as substrate measured after 5 mins by Michaelis-Menten equation analysis
AID1241461	Inhibition of human NR1-1a/NR2A expressed in mouse L12-G10 cells assessed as inhibition of glutamate-induced excitotoxicity incubated for 16 hrs by LDH release assay	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16	Evaluation of Homobivalent Carbolines as Designed Multiple Ligands for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders.
AID733504	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A expressed in baculovirus infected BT1-TN-5B1-4 cells assessed as inhibition of production of hydrogen peroxide from p-tyramine after 15 mins by Amplex Red assay	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 59	1,5-Diphenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-ones as potent and selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors.
AID125392	Compound was injected ip 1 hr prior to 90 mg/kg iv of 5-HT (serotonin) for evaluation of tremor in mcie	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Synthesis and monoamine oxidase inhibitory activities of alpha-allenic amines in vivo and in vitro. Different activities of two enantiomeric allenes.
AID1292324	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human recombinant MAO-A to IC50 for human recombinant MAO-B	2016	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 05-15, Volume: 24, Issue:10	Synthesis and evaluation of 4-hydroxyl aurone derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1368627	Inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition measured after 20 mins by amplex red reagent based spectrophotometric assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 01-01, Volume: 26, Issue:1	Synthesis and evaluation of biaryl derivatives for structural characterization of selective monoamine oxidase B inhibitors toward Parkinson's disease therapy.
AID1241471	Inhibition of human recombinant MAOA	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-27, Volume: 58, Issue:16	Evaluation of Homobivalent Carbolines as Designed Multiple Ligands for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders.
AID1528913	Inhibition of recombinant human microsomal MAOA expressed in baculovirus infected BTI insect cells using p-tyramine as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by substrate addition and measured over 20 mins by amplex red reagent-based horseradish pero
AID1797405	MAO Activity Assay from Article 10.1021/jm060882y: \\New pyrrole inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.\\	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 50, Issue:5	New pyrrole inhibitors of monoamine oxidase: synthesis, biological evaluation, and structural determinants of MAO-A and MAO-B selectivity.
AID1802510	In-vitro Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1016/j.bioorg.2016.11.004: \\Symmetrical aryl linked bis-iminothiazolidinones as new chemical entities for the inhibition of monoamine oxidases: Synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation and molec	2017	Bioorganic chemistry, 02, Volume: 70	Symmetrical aryl linked bis-iminothiazolidinones as new chemical entities for the inhibition of monoamine oxidases: Synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation and molecular modelling analysis.
AID1802599	MAO-A/MAO-B Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1016/j.bioorg.2017.02.016: \\Pyridoxine-resveratrol hybrids Mannich base derivatives as novel dual inhibitors of AChE and MAO-B with antioxidant and metal-chelating properties for the treatment of Alzheimer'	2017	Bioorganic chemistry, 04, Volume: 71	Pyridoxine-resveratrol hybrids Mannich base derivatives as novel dual inhibitors of AChE and MAO-B with antioxidant and metal-chelating properties for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
AID1798967	MAO Enzyme Inhibition Assay from Article 10.1021/jm801590u: \\Chalcones: a valid scaffold for monoamine oxidases inhibitors.\\	2009	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Chalcones: a valid scaffold for monoamine oxidases inhibitors.
AID1508630	Primary qHTS for small molecule stabilizers of the endoplasmic reticulum resident proteome: Secreted ER Calcium Modulated Protein (SERCaMP) assay	2021	Cell reports, 04-27, Volume: 35, Issue:4	A target-agnostic screen identifies approved drugs to stabilize the endoplasmic reticulum-resident proteome.
AID1347410	qHTS for inhibitors of adenylyl cyclases using a fission yeast platform: a pilot screen against the NCATS LOPAC library	2019	Cellular signalling, 08, Volume: 60	A fission yeast platform for heterologous expression of mammalian adenylyl cyclases and high throughput screening.
AID588378	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation
AID1347083	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347057	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - LANCE assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID504836	Inducers of the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response (ERSR) in human glioma: Validation	2002	The Journal of biological chemistry, Apr-19, Volume: 277, Issue:16	Sustained ER Ca2+ depletion suppresses protein synthesis and induces activation-enhanced cell death in mast cells.
AID1347049	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot screen	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347086	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID504812	Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347045	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr1) antagonism - Pilot counterscreen GloSensor control cell line	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID1347082	qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal	2020	Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173	A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1347405	qHTS to identify inhibitors of the type 1 interferon - major histocompatibility complex class I in skeletal muscle: primary screen against the NCATS LOPAC collection	2020	ACS chemical biology, 07-17, Volume: 15, Issue:7	High-Throughput Screening to Identify Inhibitors of the Type I Interferon-Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Pathway in Skeletal Muscle.
AID1347058	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - HTRF assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID1347059	CD47-SIRPalpha protein protein interaction - Alpha assay qHTS validation	2019	PloS one, , Volume: 14, Issue:7	Quantitative high-throughput screening assays for the discovery and development of SIRPα-CD47 interaction inhibitors.
AID588349	qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression: Validation of Cytotoxic Assay
AID504810	Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347151	Optimization of GU AMC qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1347050	Natriuretic polypeptide receptor (hNpr2) antagonism - Pilot subtype selectivity assay	2019	Science translational medicine, 07-10, Volume: 11, Issue:500	Inhibition of natriuretic peptide receptor 1 reduces itch in mice.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	502 (47.86)	18.7374
1990's	212 (20.21)	18.2507
2000's	138 (13.16)	29.6817
2010's	151 (14.39)	24.3611
2020's	46 (4.39)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	23 (2.14%)	5.53%
Reviews	26 (2.42%)	6.00%
Case Studies	3 (0.28%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	1,023 (95.16%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.	3.5	8	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule
5-hydroxytryptophan 5-Hydroxytryptophan: The immediate precursor in the biosynthesis of SEROTONIN from tryptophan. It is used as an antiepileptic and antidepressant.. 5-hydroxytryptophan : A tryptophan derivative that is tryptophan substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5.	10.72	27	0	hydroxytryptophan	human metabolite; neurotransmitter
acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H).	2	1	0	ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
aminoacetone aminoacetone: RN given refers to parent cpd. aminoacetone : A propanone consisting of acetone having an amino group at the 1-position.	2	1	0	methyl ketone; propanones	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
ammonium hydroxide azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.	3.51	1	0	azane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; NMR chemical shift reference compound; nucleophilic reagent; refrigerant
quinacrine Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.	2.04	1	0	acridines; aromatic ether; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	antimalarial; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
cadaverine [no description available]	1.95	1	0	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
carbamates [no description available]	2	1	0	amino-acid anion
carbon monoxide Carbon Monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO). A poisonous colorless, odorless, tasteless gas. It combines with hemoglobin to form carboxyhemoglobin, which has no oxygen carrying capacity. The resultant oxygen deprivation causes headache, dizziness, decreased pulse and respiratory rates, unconsciousness, and death. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carbon monoxide : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is joined only to a single oxygen. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless, toxic gas.	2.4	2	0	carbon oxide; gas molecular entity; one-carbon compound	biomarker; EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; ligand; metabolite; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; neurotransmitter; P450 inhibitor; probe; signalling molecule; vasodilator agent
chlordecone [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cyclic ketone; organochlorine compound	insecticide; persistent organic pollutant
choline [no description available]	3.47	2	0	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	2.37	2	0	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
bupropion Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	4.05	4	0	aromatic ketone; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid: A deaminated metabolite of LEVODOPA.. (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid : A dihydroxyphenylacetic acid having the two hydroxy substituents located at the 3- and 4-positions. It is a metabolite of dopamine.. dihydroxyphenylacetic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having two phenolic hydroxy substituents.	6.43	42	1	catechols; dihydroxyphenylacetic acid	human metabolite
aminocaproic acid Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.	2.04	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; epsilon-amino acid; omega-amino fatty acid	antifibrinolytic drug; hematologic agent; metabolite
lactic acid Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.	1.96	1	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite
5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole : A dimethylbenzimidazole carrying methyl substituents at positions 5 and 6.	2.04	1	0	dimethylbenzimidazole	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
hexachlorocyclohexane Lindane: An organochlorine insecticide made up of greater than 99% gamma-Hexachlorocyclohexane. It has been used as a pediculicide and scabicide, and shown to cause cancer.. beta-hexachlorocyclohexane : The beta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane.	2.04	1	0	chlorocyclohexane
glycine [no description available]	2.71	3	0	alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid	EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical
histamine [no description available]	3.06	5	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
indole [no description available]	2.25	1	0	indole; polycyclic heteroarene	Escherichia coli metabolite
iodine Iodine: A nonmetallic element of the halogen group that is represented by the atomic symbol I, atomic number 53, and atomic weight of 126.90. It is a nutritionally essential element, especially important in thyroid hormone synthesis. In solution, it has anti-infective properties and is used topically.. diiodine : Molecule comprising two covalently bonded iodine atoms with overall zero charge..	7.38	2	0	diatomic iodine	nutrient
dihydroxyphenylalanine Dihydroxyphenylalanine: A beta-hydroxylated derivative of phenylalanine. The D-form of dihydroxyphenylalanine has less physiologic activity than the L-form and is commonly used experimentally to determine whether the pharmacological effects of LEVODOPA are stereospecific.. dopa : A hydroxyphenylalanine carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 4 of the benzene ring.	3.49	8	0	hydroxyphenylalanine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; tyrosine derivative	human metabolite
malonic acid malonic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid in which the two carboxy groups are separated by a single methylene group.. dicarboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups.	2.7	3	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid	human metabolite
pyruvaldehyde Pyruvaldehyde: An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.. methylglyoxal : A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal.	2	1	0	2-oxo aldehyde; propanals	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
melatonin [no description available]	5.28	17	0	acetamides; tryptamines	anticonvulsant; central nervous system depressant; geroprotector; hormone; human metabolite; immunological adjuvant; mouse metabolite; radical scavenger
n-acetylserotonin N-acetylserotonin : An N-acylserotonin resulting from the formal condensation of the primary amino group of serotonin with the carboxy group of acetic acid.	3.59	9	0	acetamides; N-acylserotonin; phenols	antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
n-methylphenylethanolamine 2-methylamino-1-phenylethanol: structure in first source	2.36	2	0	alkaloid; phenylethanolamines	human metabolite; plant metabolite
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	1.98	1	0	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
parathion [no description available]	3.53	2	0	C-nitro compound; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	acaricide; agrochemical; avicide; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; mouse metabolite
pentachlorophenol PENTA: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	aromatic fungicide; chlorophenol; organochlorine pesticide; pentachlorobenzenes	human xenobiotic metabolite
phenethylamine phenethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7016. 2-phenylethylamine : A phenylethylamine having the phenyl substituent at the 2-position.	4.22	18	0	alkaloid; aralkylamine; phenylethylamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
pyrazinamide pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acylammonia; pyrazines	antitubercular agent; prodrug
pyridoxamine [no description available]	1.97	1	0	aminoalkylpyridine; hydroxymethylpyridine; monohydroxypyridine; vitamin B6	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; iron chelator; mouse metabolite; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pyrogallol benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.	7.37	2	0	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	plant metabolite
pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.	1.96	1	0	2-oxo monocarboxylic acid	cofactor; fundamental metabolite
spermine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	polyazaalkane; tetramine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
succinic acid Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.	2.04	1	0	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid	anti-ulcer drug; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical; radiation protective agent
tryptamine [no description available]	8.67	10	0	aminoalkylindole; aralkylamino compound; indole alkaloid; tryptamines	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	1.98	1	0	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	2.37	2	0	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate 2-Amino-5-phosphonovalerate: The D-enantiomer is a potent and specific antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). The L form is inactive at NMDA receptors but may affect the AP4 (2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate; APB) excitatory amino acid receptors.	2	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	NMDA receptor antagonist
8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin: A serotonin 1A-receptor agonist that is used experimentally to test the effects of serotonin.. 8-OH-DPAT : A tetralin substituted at positions 1 and 7 by hydroxy and dipropylamino groups respectively	3.38	7	0	phenols; tertiary amino compound; tetralins	serotonergic antagonist
4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd without isomeric designation; a serotonin agonist. 2-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-methylethylamine : An organoiodine compound that is amphetamine bearing two methoxy substituents at positions 2 and 5 as well as an iodo substituent at position 4.	1.97	1	0	amphetamines; dimethoxybenzene; organoiodine compound
gallopamil Gallopamil: Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring.	2.45	2	0	benzenes; organic amino compound
normetanephrine Normetanephrine: A methylated metabolite of norepinephrine that is excreted in the urine and found in certain tissues. It is a marker for tumors.	8.06	5	0	catecholamine
sk&f 77434 SK&F 77434: a dopamine D1 receptor partial agonist. N-allyl-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1, an allyl substituent at position 3 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8. Selective dopamine D1-like receptor partial agonist (IC50 values are 19.7 and 2425 nM for binding to D1-like and D2-like receptors respectively). Centrally active following systemic administration in vivo.	1.98	1	0	benzazepine; catechols; tertiary amino compound	dopamine agonist
sk&f-38393 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.. 1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.. SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393	2.39	2	0	benzazepine; catechols; secondary amino compound
vanilmandelic acid Vanilmandelic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid. It is an end-stage metabolite of CATECHOLAMINES; EPINEPHRINE; and NOREPINEPHRINE.. vanillylmandelic acid : An aromatic ether that is the 3-O-methyl ether of 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid.	4.26	4	1	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; aromatic ether; phenols	human metabolite
1,2-dimethylhydrazine 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine: A DNA alkylating agent that has been shown to be a potent carcinogen and is widely used to induce colon tumors in experimental animals.. 1,2-dimethylhydrazine : A member of the class of hydrazines that is hydrazine in which one of the hydrogens attached to each nitrogen is replaced by a methyl group. A powerful DNA alkylating agent and carcinogen, it is used to induce colon cancer in laboratory rats and mice.	1.96	1	0	hydrazines	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent
1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine DPCPX : An oxopurine that is 7H-xanthine substituted at positions 1 and 3 by propyl groups and at position 8 by a cyclohexyl group.	2.45	2	0	oxopurine	adenosine A1 receptor antagonist; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
pk 11195 PK-11195 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine	1.98	1	0	aromatic amide; isoquinolines; monocarboxylic acid amide; monochlorobenzenes	antineoplastic agent
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine: supposed metabolite of TRAZODONE; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine carrying a 3-chlorophenyl substituent at position 1. It is a metabolite of the antidepressant drug trazodone.	3.58	3	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-arylpiperazine	drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; serotonergic agonist; xenobiotic
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 4.	10.85	31	0	methylpyridines; phenylpyridine; tetrahydropyridine	neurotoxin
2,2'-dipyridyl 2,2'-Dipyridyl: A reagent used for the determination of iron.. 2,2'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-2 and C-2'.	1.96	1	0	bipyridine	chelator; ferroptosis inhibitor
mercaptoethanol Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation.	1.96	1	0	alkanethiol; primary alcohol	geroprotector
3,4-dichloroisocoumarin 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin : A member of the class of isocoumarins that is isocoumarin substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 4. It is a serine protease inhibitor.	2.04	1	0	isocoumarins; organochlorine compound	geroprotector; serine protease inhibitor
3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine: An amphetamine derivative that inhibits uptake of catecholamine neurotransmitters. It is a hallucinogen. It is less toxic than its methylated derivative but in sufficient doses may still destroy serotonergic neurons and has been used for that purpose experimentally.	1.98	1	0	benzodioxoles
n-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine: An N-substituted amphetamine analog. It is a widely abused drug classified as a hallucinogen and causes marked, long-lasting changes in brain serotonergic systems. It is commonly referred to as MDMA or ecstasy.. 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 1,3-benzodioxole substituted by a 2-(methylamino)propyl group at position 5.	4.21	5	0	amphetamines; benzodioxoles	neurotoxin
amitrole Amitrole: A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.. amitrole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by an amino group at position 3. Used to control annual grasses and aquatic weeds (but not on food crops because it causes cancer in laboratory animals). Its use within the EU was banned from September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; triazoles	carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor; EC 1.11.1.6 (catalase) inhibitor; herbicide
aminopropionitrile Aminopropionitrile: Reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid.	2.38	2	0	aminopropionitrile	antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; collagen cross-linking inhibitor; plant metabolite
3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine 3-hydroxybenzylhydrazine: decarboxylase inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	3.07	5	0	phenols
3-methoxytyramine 3-methoxytyramine: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-methoxytyramine : A monomethoxybenzene that is dopamine in which the hydroxy group at position 3 is replaced by a methoxy group. It is a metabolite of the neurotransmitter dopamine and considered a potential biomarker of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas.	3.07	5	0	monomethoxybenzene; phenols; phenylethylamine; primary amino compound	biomarker; human blood serum metabolite; human urinary metabolite
3-nitropropionic acid 3-nitropropionic acid: succinate dehydrogenase inactivator; biosynthesized by FABACEAE plants from ASPARAGINE. 3-nitropropanoic acid : A C-nitro compound that is propanoic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a nitro group.	7.4	2	0	C-nitro compound	antimycobacterial drug; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; mycotoxin; neurotoxin
homovanillic acid Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite.	7.14	34	3	guaiacols; monocarboxylic acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
phenytoin [no description available]	7.95	4	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; sodium channel blocker; teratogenic agent
5-carboxamidotryptamine 5-carboxamidotryptamine: agonist of 5-HT receptor; structure given in first source	2.4	2	0	tryptamines
hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-hydroxyindol-3-yl)acetic acid : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-5.	7.92	58	4	indole-3-acetic acids	drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
5-methoxytryptamine 5-Methoxytryptamine: Serotonin derivative proposed as potentiator for hypnotics and sedatives.. 5-methoxytryptamine : A member of the class of tryptamines that is the methyl ether derivative of serotonin.	1.95	1	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound; tryptamines	5-hydroxytryptamine 2A receptor agonist; 5-hydroxytryptamine 2B receptor agonist; 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor agonist; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; radiation protective agent; serotonergic agonist
6-methoxytryptoline 6-methoxytryptoline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.95	1	0
tacrine Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	5.62	12	0	acridines; aromatic amine	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acebutolol Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amide; ethanolamines; ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine; secondary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	2.5	2	0	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
acetazolamide Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)	3.61	2	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; sulfonamide; thiadiazoles	anticonvulsant; diuretic; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohexamide Acetohexamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent that is metabolized in the liver to 1-hydrohexamide.. acetohexamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is replaced by a p-acetylphenylsulfonyl group, while a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is replaced by a cyclohexyl group.	2.04	1	0	acetophenones; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
albuterol Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).	2.04	1	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
alprazolam Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.	1.98	1	0	organochlorine compound; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant; sedative; xenobiotic
altretamine Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.	2.04	1	0	triamino-1,3,5-triazine
amantadine amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source	2.45	2	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	analgesic; antiparkinson drug; antiviral drug; dopaminergic agent; NMDA receptor antagonist; non-narcotic analgesic
ametantrone ametantrone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0
amfonelic acid amfonelic acid: CNS-stimulant	6.96	1	0
aminoglutethimide Aminoglutethimide: An aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of advanced BREAST CANCER.. aminoglutethimide : A dicarboximide that is a six-membered cyclic compound having ethyl and 4-aminophenyl substituents at the 3-position.	2.04	1	0	dicarboximide; piperidones; substituted aniline	adrenergic agent; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
pimagedine pimagedine: diamine oxidase & nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; an advanced glycosylation end product inhibitor; used in the treatment of diabetic complications; structure. aminoguanidine : A one-carbon compound whose unique structure renders it capable of acting as a derivative of hydrazine, guanidine or formamide.	2.39	2	0	guanidines; one-carbon compound	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
theophylline [no description available]	4.29	17	0	dimethylxanthine	adenosine receptor antagonist; anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory agent; bronchodilator agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; immunomodulator; muscle relaxant; vasodilator agent
2-aminothiazole 2-aminothiazole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1,3-thiazol-2-amine : A primary amino compound that is 1,3-thiazole substituted by an amino group at position 2.	2.04	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; primary amino compound
amiodarone Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.	3.12	1	0	1-benzofurans; aromatic ketone; organoiodine compound; tertiary amino compound	cardiovascular drug
amitriptyline Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.	2.9	4	0	carbotricyclic compound; tertiary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist; xenobiotic
amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.	2.04	1	0	dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
anethole trithione Anethole Trithione: Choleretic used to allay dry mouth and constipation due to tranquilizers.	2.03	1	0	methoxybenzenes
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	2.69	3	0	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	2.77	3	0	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
astemizole Astemizole: Antihistamine drug now withdrawn from the market in many countries because of rare but potentially fatal side effects.. astemizole : A piperidine compound having a 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl group at the 1-position and an N-[(4-fluorobenzyl)benzimidazol-2-yl]amino group at the 4-position.	2.49	2	0	benzimidazoles; piperidines	anti-allergic agent; anticoronaviral agent; H1-receptor antagonist
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	3.17	5	0	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
azathioprine Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.	2.04	1	0	aryl sulfide; C-nitro compound; imidazoles; thiopurine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
azinphosmethyl Azinphosmethyl: An organothiophosphorus cholinesterase inhibitor. It has been used as an acaricide and as an insecticide.. azinphos-methyl : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,3-benzotriazine substituted by an oxo group at position 4 and a [(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)sulfanyl]methyl group at position 3.	2.04	1	0	benzotriazines; organic thiophosphate; organothiophosphate insecticide	agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
baclofen [no description available]	1.96	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant
bay-k-8644 3-Pyridinecarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-(2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, Methyl ester: A dihydropyridine derivative, which, in contrast to NIFEDIPINE, functions as a calcium channel agonist. The compound facilitates Ca2+ influx through partially activated voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, thereby causing vasoconstrictor and positive inotropic effects. It is used primarily as a research tool.. Bay-K-8644 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-Bay-K-8644. methyl 2,6-dimethyl-5-nitro-4-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylate : A pentasubstituted dihydropyridine carrying methoxycarbonyl, 2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl and nitro substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 respectively as well as two methyl substituents at positions 2 and 6.	2.01	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester
benextramine benextramine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1	0
benserazide Benserazide: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that does not enter the central nervous system. It is often given with LEVODOPA in the treatment of parkinsonism to prevent the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, thereby increasing the amount that reaches the central nervous system and reducing the required dose. It has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.. benserazide : A carbohydrazide that results from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of DL-serine with the primary amino group of 4-(hydrazinylmethyl)benzene-1,2,3-triol. An aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase inhibitor (DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor) that does not enter the central nervous system, it is used as its hydrochloride salt as an adjunct to levodopa in the treatment of parkinsonism. By preventing the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, it causes an increase in the amount of levodopa reaching the central nervous system and so reduces the required dose. Benserazide has no antiparkinson actions when given alone.	9.16	5	0	carbohydrazide; catechols; primary alcohol; primary amino compound	antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
benzyl isothiocyanate benzyl isothiocyanate: inhibits carcinogen-induced neoplasia; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #715; also promotes urinary bladder carcinoma	3.12	1	0	benzenes; isothiocyanate	antibacterial drug
berberine [no description available]	2	1	0	alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker
5-methoxypsoralen 5-Methoxypsoralen: A linear furanocoumarin that has phototoxic and anti-inflammatory properties, with effects similar to METHOXSALEN. It is used in PUVA THERAPY for the treatment of PSORIASIS.. 5-methoxypsoralen : A 5-methoxyfurocoumarin that is psoralen substituted by a methoxy group at position 5.	3.12	1	0	5-methoxyfurocoumarin; organic heterotricyclic compound; psoralens	hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite
betaxolol [no description available]	2.04	1	0	propanolamine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bisoprolol Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.	2.04	1	0	secondary alcohol; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
bromhexine Bromhexine: A mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p744). bromhexine : A substituted aniline that is 2,4-dibromoaniline which is substituted at position 6 by a [cyclohexyl(methyl)amino]methyl group. It is used (as the monohydrochloride salt) as a mucolytic for the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with productive cough (i.e. a cough characterised by the production of sputum).	2.04	1	0	organobromine compound; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	mucolytic
bu 224 BU 224: a selective imidazoline 2-receptor blocker	2.01	1	0	quinolines
bumetanide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide	diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bupivacaine Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amide; piperidinecarboxamide; tertiary amino compound
busulfan [no description available]	2.04	1	0	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent
caffeine [no description available]	5.39	16	0	purine alkaloid; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; adenosine receptor antagonist; adjuvant; central nervous system stimulant; diuretic; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; human blood serum metabolite; mouse metabolite; mutagen; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; ryanodine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	5.31	15	0	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	11.08	5	1	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
carbetapentane carbetapentane: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.35	1	0	benzenes
carbazilquinone Carbazilquinone: An alkylating agent structurally similar to MITOMYCIN and found to be effective in the treatment of leukemia and various other neoplasms in mice. It causes leukemia and thrombocytopenia in almost all human patients.	2.04	1	0	organic molecular entity
carmofur [no description available]	2.04	1	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.	2.04	1	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
carteolol Carteolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used as an anti-arrhythmia agent, an anti-angina agent, an antihypertensive agent, and an antiglaucoma agent.	2.04	1	0	quinolone; secondary alcohol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent
celecoxib [no description available]	3.51	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
celiprolol Celiprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist that has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. It is used in the management of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ketone
cetirizine Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.	2.17	1	0	ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; piperazines	anti-allergic agent; environmental contaminant; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
cgp 12177 CGP 12177 : A benzimidazole that is benzimidazol-2-one substituted at position 4 by a 3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy group.	1.98	1	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic antagonist
chelerythrine chelerythrine : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid isolated from the root of Zanthoxylum simulans, Chelidonium majus L., and other Papaveraceae.	2.17	1	0	benzophenanthridine alkaloid; organic cation	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
chloral hydrate [no description available]	2.04	1	0	aldehyde hydrate; ethanediol; organochlorine compound	general anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; sedative; xenobiotic
chlorambucil Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; monocarboxylic acid; nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound; tertiary amino compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.	2.47	2	0	aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.	2.51	2	0	benzothiadiazine	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.	3.1	5	0	organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine	anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.	2.04	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
chlorthalidone Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.	2.04	1	0	isoindoles; monochlorobenzenes; sulfonamide
chromone-2-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	chromones
cilostazol [no description available]	2.31	1	0	lactam; tetrazoles	anticoagulant; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; fibrin modulating drug; neuroprotective agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
cimetidine Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.	4.39	6	0	aliphatic sulfide; guanidines; imidazoles; nitrile	adjuvant; analgesic; anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
cirazoline cirazoline: posseses agonist properties at alpha-adrenoreceptor sites; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1	0	aromatic ether
citalopram Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.	4.69	9	0	2-benzofurans; cyclic ether; nitrile; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound
clenbuterol Clenbuterol: A substituted phenylaminoethanol that has beta-2 adrenomimetic properties at very low doses. It is used as a bronchodilator in asthma.. clenbuterol : A substituted aniline that is 2,6-dichloroaniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.04	1	0	amino alcohol; dichlorobenzene; ethanolamines; primary arylamine; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent
clioquinol Clioquinol: A potentially neurotoxic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative long used as a topical anti-infective, intestinal antiamebic, and vaginal trichomonacide. The oral preparation has been shown to cause subacute myelo-optic neuropathy and has been banned worldwide.. 5-chloro-7-iodoquinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinolin-8-ol in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are replaced by chlorine and iodine, respectively. It has antibacterial and atifungal properties, and is used in creams for the treatment of skin infections. It has also been investigated as a chelator of copper and zinc ions for the possible treatment of Alzheimer's disease.	3.02	4	0	monohydroxyquinoline; organochlorine compound; organoiodine compound	antibacterial agent; antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; chelator; copper chelator
clomipramine Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.	7.41	21	2	dibenzoazepine	anticoronaviral agent; antidepressant; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist; serotonergic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.	3.06	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; monochlorobenzenes	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	6.04	37	0	clonidine; imidazoline
cycloleucine Cycloleucine: An amino acid formed by cyclization of leucine. It has cytostatic, immunosuppressive and antineoplastic activities.. 1-aminocyclopentanecarboxylic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is cyclopentane substituted at position 1 by amino and carboxy groups.	2.04	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	EC 2.5.1.6 (methionine adenosyltransferase) inhibitor
cyproheptadine Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.	2.72	3	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; gastrointestinal drug; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
cystamine [no description available]	2	1	0	organic disulfide; primary amino compound	EC 2.3.2.13 (protein-glutamine gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor
dantrolene Dantrolene: Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fiber. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants.. dantrolene : The hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of 5-(4-nitrophenyl)furfural with 1-aminohydantoin. A ryanodine receptor antagonist used for the relief of chronic severe spasticity and malignant hyperthermia.	2	1	0	hydrazone; imidazolidine-2,4-dione	muscle relaxant; neuroprotective agent; ryanodine receptor antagonist
dapsone [no description available]	2.04	1	0	substituted aniline; sulfone	anti-inflammatory drug; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; leprostatic drug
debrisoquin Debrisoquin: An adrenergic neuron-blocking drug similar in effects to GUANETHIDINE. It is also noteworthy in being a substrate for a polymorphic cytochrome P-450 enzyme. Persons with certain isoforms of this enzyme are unable to properly metabolize this and many other clinically important drugs. They are commonly referred to as having a debrisoquin 4-hydroxylase polymorphism.	2.68	3	0	carboxamidine; isoquinolines	adrenergic agent; antihypertensive agent; human metabolite; sympatholytic agent
desipramine Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.	9.35	48	4	dibenzoazepine; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; cholinergic antagonist; drug allergen; EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
amphetamine Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.	4.17	17	0	primary amine
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	4.31	17	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
diazoxide Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.	2.7	3	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfone	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; diuretic; K-ATP channel agonist; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasodilator agent
dicamba Dicamba: A chlorinated organic herbicide.. dicamba : A methoxybenzoic acid that is O-methylsalicylic acid substituted by chloro groups at positions 3 and 6.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene; methoxybenzoic acid	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; synthetic auxin; xenobiotic
diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.	3.53	2	0	amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
dichlorphenamide Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene; sulfonamide	antiglaucoma drug; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor; ophthalmology drug
dicyclomine Dicyclomine: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.. dicyclomine : The ester resulting from the formal condensation of 1-cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethanol. An anticholinergic, it is used as the hydrochloride to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.	2.04	1	0	carboxylic ester; tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; parasympatholytic
diethylcarbamazine Diethylcarbamazine: An anthelmintic used primarily as the citrate in the treatment of filariasis, particularly infestations with Wucheria bancrofti or Loa loa.	2.04	1	0	N-carbamoylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine
diflunisal Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.	2.04	1	0	monohydroxybenzoic acid; organofluorine compound	non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dimercaprol Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury.	2.04	1	0	dithiol; primary alcohol	chelator
dinitolmide Dinitolmide: A coccidiostat for poultry.	2.04	1	0	dinitrotoluene
diphenyleneiodonium diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.	2	1	0	organic cation
dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.	2.04	1	0	piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol	adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
dipyrone metamizole : A pyrazole that is antiipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfomethyl)amino group, the sodium salt of which, metamizole sodium, was widely used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic, but withdrawn from many markets from the 1970s due to a risk of causing risk of causing agranulocytosis.	2.04	1	0	amino sulfonic acid; pyrazoles	anti-inflammatory agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug
disopyramide Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram [no description available]	3.53	2	0	organic disulfide; organosulfur acaricide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; fungicide; NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.	4.53	4	0	branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid	anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent
racemetirosine alpha-Methyltyrosine: An inhibitor of the enzyme TYROSINE 3-MONOOXYGENASE, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA. (Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed)	3.22	6	0
p-chloroamphetamine p-Chloroamphetamine: Chlorinated analog of AMPHETAMINE. Potent neurotoxin that causes release and eventually depletion of serotonin in the CNS. It is used as a research tool.	3.58	9	0
domperidone Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.	2.04	1	0	benzimidazoles; heteroarylpiperidine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.	6.41	27	0	aromatic ether; indanones; piperidines; racemate	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
dsp 4 DSP 4: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.89	4	0
enoxacin Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.	3.86	10	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; amino acid; fluoroquinolone antibiotic; monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
ethinamate ethinamate: short duration hypnotic with fast onset & relatively low toxicity; may cause dependence; minor descriptor (76-85); on-line & Index Medicus search CARBAMATES (76-85). ethinamate : A carbamate ester that is the 1-vinylcyclohexyl ester of carbamic acid. A short-acting sedative-hypnotic, it was formerly used to treat insomnia.	2.04	1	0	carbamate ester; terminal acetylenic compound	sedative
ethosuximide Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.	2.04	1	0	dicarboximide; pyrrolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector; T-type calcium channel blocker
carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone: A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.. carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone : A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group.	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; hydrazone; nitrile; organofluorine compound	ATP synthase inhibitor; geroprotector; ionophore
felodipine Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
fenfluramine Fenfluramine: A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release.. fenfluramine : A secondary amino compound that is 1-phenyl-propan-2-amine in which one of the meta-hydrogens is substituted by trifluoromethyl, and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by an ethyl group. It binds to the serotonin reuptake pump, causing inhbition of serotonin uptake and release of serotonin. The resulting increased levels of serotonin lead to greater serotonin receptor activation which in turn lead to enhancement of serotoninergic transmission in the centres of feeding behavior located in the hypothalamus. This suppresses the appetite for carbohydrates. Fenfluramine was used as the hydrochloride for treatment of diabetes and obesity. It was withdrawn worldwide after reports of heart valve disease and pulmonary hypertension.	11.35	7	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; secondary amino compound	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
berotek Fenoterol: A synthetic adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. fenoterol : A member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.	2.04	1	0	resorcinols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
flecainide Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; piperidines	anti-arrhythmia drug
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	2.48	2	0	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
flucytosine Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.	2.04	1	0	aminopyrimidine; nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine antifungal drug; pyrimidone	prodrug
fluphenazine [no description available]	7.39	2	0	N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	anticoronaviral agent; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.	1.97	1	0	ethyl ester; imidazobenzodiazepine; organofluorine compound	antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning; GABA antagonist
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	2.04	1	0	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.	7.2	28	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound
flurbiprofen Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.	2.61	2	0	fluorobiphenyl; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
flutamide Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.	2.04	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
furafylline [no description available]	3.51	2	0	oxopurine
furazolidone Furazolidone: A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity. Furazolidone acts by gradual inhibition of monoamine oxidase. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p514). furazolidone : A member of the class of oxazolidines that is 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an N-{[(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino} group. It has antibacterial and antiprotozoal properties, and is used in the treatment of giardiasis and cholera.	1.97	1	0	nitrofuran antibiotic; oxazolidines	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antitrichomonal drug; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
furosemide Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.	7.73	3	0	chlorobenzoic acid; furans; sulfonamide	environmental contaminant; loop diuretic; xenobiotic
vanoxerine vanoxerine: structure given in first source. vanoxerine : An N-alkylpiperazine that consists of piperazine bearing 2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)methoxy]ethyl and 3-phenylpropyl groups at positions 1 and 4 respectively. Potent, competitive inhibitor of dopamine uptake (Ki = 1 nM for inhibition of striatal dopamine uptake). Has > 100-fold lower affinity for the noradrenalin and 5-HT uptake carriers. Also a potent sigma ligand (IC50 = 48 nM). Centrally active following systemic administration.	3.27	6	0	ether; N-alkylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound	dopamine uptake inhibitor
gemfibrozil [no description available]	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether	antilipemic drug
glutethimide Glutethimide: A hypnotic and sedative. Its use has been largely superseded by other drugs.	2.04	1	0	piperidines
glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.	2.45	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
guaifenesin Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.	1.98	1	0	methoxybenzenes
guanethidine Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.	2.04	1	0	azocanes; guanidines	adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; sympatholytic agent
haloperidol Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.	4.95	12	0	aromatic ketone; hydroxypiperidine; monochlorobenzenes; organofluorine compound; tertiary alcohol	antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
halothane [no description available]	3.53	2	0	haloalkane; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
harmaline Harmaline: A beta-carboline alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM.. harmaline : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7 and has been reduced across the 3,4 bond.	9.05	15	0	harmala alkaloid	oneirogen
hydralazine Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.	7.39	2	0	azaarene; hydrazines; ortho-fused heteroarene; phthalazines	antihypertensive agent; vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	2.04	1	0	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
p-hydroxyamphetamine p-Hydroxyamphetamine: Amphetamine metabolite with sympathomimetic effects. It is sometimes called alpha-methyltyramine, which may also refer to the meta isomer, gepefrine.	1.97	1	0	amphetamines
hydroxyurea [no description available]	2.04	1	0	one-carbon compound; ureas	antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent
ibuprofen Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine	3.94	3	0	monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; radical scavenger; xenobiotic
phenelzine Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.	8.03	29	1	primary amine
lidocaine Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.	2.48	2	0	benzenes; monocarboxylic acid amide; tertiary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; xenobiotic
ici 118551 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	indanes
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	12.91	41	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.	2.04	1	0	bipyridines	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.	2.04	1	0	indoles; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	3.8	3	0	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
iproniazid [no description available]	6.39	50	0	carbohydrazide; pyridines
isocarboxazid Isocarboxazid: An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)	3.76	3	0	benzenes
isoniazid Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).	4.01	4	0	carbohydrazide	antitubercular agent; drug allergen
2-propanol 2-Propanol: An isomer of 1-PROPANOL. It is a colorless liquid having disinfectant properties. It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic.. propan-2-ol : A secondary alcohol that is propane in which one of the hydrogens attached to the central carbon is substituted by a hydroxy group.	2.66	3	0	secondary alcohol; secondary fatty alcohol	protic solvent
isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.	2.68	3	0	catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
ketamine Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.	2.46	2	0	cyclohexanones; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	analgesic; environmental contaminant; intravenous anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
ketanserin Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.	3.7	10	0	aromatic ketone; organofluorine compound; piperidines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; cardiovascular drug; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	2	1	0	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
labetalol Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.	2.04	1	0	benzamides; benzenes; phenols; primary carboxamide; salicylamides; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound
lomefloxacin lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.	2.81	3	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antitubercular agent; photosensitizing agent
lomustine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
maprotiline Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.	2.37	2	0	anthracenes
mazindol Mazindol: Tricyclic anorexigenic agent unrelated to and less toxic than AMPHETAMINE, but with some similar side effects. It inhibits uptake of catecholamines and blocks the binding of cocaine to the dopamine uptake transporter.	1.97	1	0	organic molecular entity
edaravone [no description available]	2.15	1	0	pyrazolone	antioxidant; radical scavenger
mechlorethamine nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.	2.04	1	0	nitrogen mustard; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent
memantine [no description available]	2.46	2	0	adamantanes; primary aliphatic amine	antidepressant; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; neuroprotective agent; NMDA receptor antagonist
vitamin k 3 Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo.	2.07	1	0	1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical
meperidine Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.	2.65	3	0	ethyl ester; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amino compound	antispasmodic drug; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
mephenytoin Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.	2.04	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione	anticonvulsant
mepivacaine Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.	2.04	1	0	piperidinecarboxamide	drug allergen; local anaesthetic
meprobamate Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)	2.39	2	0	organic molecular entity
methiothepin Methiothepin: A serotonin receptor antagonist in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM used as an antipsychotic.. methiothepin : A dibenzothiepine that is 10,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,f]thiepine bearing additional methylthio and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 8 and 10 respectively. Potent 5-HT2 antagonist, also active as 5-HT1 antagonist. Differentiates 5-HT1D sub-types. Also displays affinity for rodent 5-HT5B, 5-HT5A, 5-HT7 and 5-HT6 receptors (pK1 values are 6.6, 7.0, 8.4 and 8.7 respectively).	2.37	2	0	aryl sulfide; dibenzothiepine; N-alkylpiperazine; tertiary amino compound	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
methoxsalen Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.	3.12	1	0	aromatic ether; psoralens	antineoplastic agent; cross-linking reagent; dermatologic drug; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
methoxyflurane Methoxyflurane: An inhalation anesthetic. Currently, methoxyflurane is rarely used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia. If so employed, it should be administered with NITROUS OXIDE to achieve a relatively light level of anesthesia, and a neuromuscular blocking agent given concurrently to obtain the desired degree of muscular relaxation. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p180). methoxyflurane : An ether in which the two groups attached to the central oxygen atom are methyl and 2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethyl.	2.04	1	0	ether; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	hepatotoxic agent; inhalation anaesthetic; nephrotoxic agent; non-narcotic analgesic
methyclothiazide Methyclothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p825)	2.04	1	0	benzothiadiazine
methyl salicylate methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.	2.04	1	0	benzoate ester; methyl ester; salicylates	flavouring agent; insect attractant; metabolite
methylphenidate Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.	2.38	2	0	beta-amino acid ester; methyl ester; piperidines
metoclopramide Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.	3.53	2	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; gastrointestinal drug; xenobiotic
metronidazole Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.	2.04	1	0	C-nitro compound; imidazoles; primary alcohol	antiamoebic agent; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiparasitic agent; antitrichomonal drug; environmental contaminant; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
mexiletine Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.	7.67	3	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound	anti-arrhythmia drug
mianserin Mianserin: A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. It may cause drowsiness and hematological problems. Its mechanism of therapeutic action is not well understood, although it apparently blocks alpha-adrenergic, histamine H1, and some types of serotonin receptors.. mianserin : A dibenzoazepine (specifically 1,2,3,4,10,14b-hexahydrodibenzo[c,f]pyrazino[1,2-a]azepine) methyl-substituted on N-2. Closely related to (and now mostly superseded by) the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapinean, it is an atypical antidepressant used in the treatment of depression throughout Europe and elsewhere.	2.71	3	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine agonist; sedative; serotonergic antagonist
milrinone [no description available]	2.04	1	0	bipyridines; nitrile; pyridone	cardiotonic drug; EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
minoxidil Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.	2.04	1	0	dialkylarylamine; tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.	2.49	2	0	benzazepine; tetracyclic antidepressant	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anxiolytic drug; H1-receptor antagonist; histamine antagonist; oneirogen; serotonergic antagonist
mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.	2.04	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	analgesic; antineoplastic agent
moclobemide Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.	7.58	57	0	benzamides; monochlorobenzenes; morpholines	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies.	2.01	1	0	maleimides	anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor
deoxyepinephrine Deoxyepinephrine: Sympathomimetic, vasoconstrictor agent.	1.99	1	0	catecholamine
nalidixic acid [no description available]	2.39	2	0	1,8-naphthyridine derivative; monocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
nefazodone nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct	3.12	1	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine; triazoles	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; analgesic; antidepressant; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
nialamide Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.	3.83	12	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
nicardipine Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.	2.05	1	0	benzenes; C-nitro compound; diester; dihydropyridine; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	2.04	1	0	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
nimodipine Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.	2.72	3	0	2-methoxyethyl ester; C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; isopropyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent
nipecotic acid nipecotic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. nipecotic acid : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is piperidine in which one of the hydrogens at position 3 is substituted by a carboxylic acid group.	2.05	1	0	beta-amino acid; piperidinemonocarboxylic acid
nisoxetine nisoxetine: potent inhibitor for norepinephrine uptake into rat brain synaptosomes & brain; NM refers to (+-)-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. nisoxetine : A secondary amino compound that is N-methyl-3-phenylpropan-1-amine substituted at position 3 by a 2-methoxyphenoxy group.	3.84	3	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant
nitrendipine Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.	2.45	2	0	C-nitro compound; dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives; diester; dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; geroprotector; vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.	2.04	1	0	nitroglycerol	explosive; muscle relaxant; nitric oxide donor; prodrug; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
nomifensine Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.	3.85	12	0	isoquinolines	dopamine uptake inhibitor
norfloxacin Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.	3.94	11	0	fluoroquinolone antibiotic; N-arylpiperazine; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic; quinolone	antibacterial drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
norfluoxetine norfluoxetine: metabolite of fluoxetine; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes
nortriptyline Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.	3.12	1	0	organic tricyclic compound; secondary amine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; analgesic; antidepressant; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite
ns 2028 NS 2028: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
n-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide: structure given in first source. NS-398 : A C-nitro compound that is N-methylsulfonyl-4-nitroaniline bearing an additional cyclohexyloxy substituent at position 2.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; sulfonamide	antineoplastic agent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor
nylidrin Nylidrin: A beta-adrenergic agonist. Nylidrin causes peripheral vasodilation, a positive inotropic effect, and increased gastric volume of gastric juice. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disorders and premature labor.	2.04	1	0	alkylbenzene
octopamine Octopamine: An alpha-adrenergic sympathomimetic amine, biosynthesized from tyramine in the CNS and platelets and also in invertebrate nervous systems. It is used to treat hypotension and as a cardiotonic. The natural D(-) form is more potent than the L(+) form in producing cardiovascular adrenergic responses. It is also a neurotransmitter in some invertebrates.. octopamine : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is phenol which is substituted at the para- position by a 2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl group. A biogenic phenylethanolamine which has been found to act as a neurotransmitter, neurohormone or neuromodulator in invertebrates.	3.21	6	0	phenylethanolamines; tyramines	neurotransmitter
ofloxacin Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.	3.05	4	0	3-oxo monocarboxylic acid; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; oxazinoquinoline
omeprazole Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.	2	1	0	aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide
oxazepam Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.	3.86	10	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
oxidopamine Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease).	3.77	11	0	benzenetriol; catecholamine; primary amino compound	drug metabolite; human metabolite; neurotoxin
oxotremorine Oxotremorine: A non-hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist used as a research tool.	1.97	1	0	N-alkylpyrrolidine
oxprenolol Oxprenolol: A beta-adrenergic antagonist used in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris, arrhythmias, and anxiety.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether
oxymetazoline Oxymetazoline: A direct acting sympathomimetic used as a vasoconstrictor to relieve nasal congestion. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1251). oxymetazoline : A member of the class of phenols that is 2,4-dimethylphenol which is substituted at positions 3 and 6 by 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl and tert-butyl groups, respectively. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with marked alpha-adrenergic activity, it is a vasoconstrictor that is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to relieve nasal congestion.	2.01	1	0	carboxamidine; imidazolines; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; nasal decongestant; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
fenclonine Fenclonine: A selective and irreversible inhibitor of tryptophan hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serotonin (5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE). Fenclonine acts pharmacologically to deplete endogenous levels of serotonin.	3.76	11	0	phenylalanine derivative
4-iodoclonidine 4-iodoclonidine: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
4-dichlorobenzene dichlorobenzene : Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions.. 1,4-dichlorobenzene : A dichlorobenzene carrying chloro groups at positions 1 and 4.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene	insecticide
pargyline Pargyline: A monoamine oxidase inhibitor with antihypertensive properties.	11.24	158	6	aromatic amine
pd 153035 4-((3-bromophenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline: structure given in first source. PD-153035 : A member of the class of quinazolines carrying a 3-bromophenylamino substituent at position 4 and two methoxy substituents at positions 6 and 7.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; aromatic ether; bromobenzenes; quinazolines; secondary amino compound	EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
pentamidine Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; carboxamidine; diether	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; calmodulin antagonist; chemokine receptor 5 antagonist; EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor; NMDA receptor antagonist; S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor; trypanocidal drug; xenobiotic
pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.	1.96	1	0	barbiturates	GABAA receptor agonist
perphenazine Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.	2.04	1	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; organochlorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacemide phenacemide: anti-epileptic drug; structure	2.04	1	0	acetamides
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	2.04	1	0	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
phenazopyridine Phenazopyridine: A local anesthetic that has been used in urinary tract disorders. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.. phenazopyridine : A diaminopyridine that is 2,6-diaminopyridine substituted at position 3 by a phenylazo group. A local anesthetic that has topical analgesic effect on mucosa lining of the urinary tract. Its use is limited by problems with toxicity (primarily blood disorders) and potential carcinogenicity.	2.04	1	0	diaminopyridine; monoazo compound	anticoronaviral agent; carcinogenic agent; local anaesthetic; non-narcotic analgesic
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2.04	1	0	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
phenoxybenzamine Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.	1.96	1	0	aromatic amine
phentermine Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.	2.04	1	0	primary amine	adrenergic agent; appetite depressant; central nervous system drug; central nervous system stimulant; dopaminergic agent; sympathomimetic agent
oxophenylarsine oxophenylarsine: inhibits protein-tyrosine-phosphatase. phenylarsine oxide : An arsine oxide derived from phenylarsine.	2.05	1	0	arsine oxides	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	1.98	1	0	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	2.11	1	0	aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones	antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic
pipamperone pipamperone: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pipamperone : A member of the class of bipiperidines that is 1,4'-bipiperidine which is substituted at the 1' and 4' positions by 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl and carboxamide groups, respectively. A first generation antipsychotic, its properties are generally similar to those of haloperidol.	2	1	0	aromatic ketone; bipiperidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organofluorine compound; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist; first generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
pipobroman Pipobroman: An antineoplastic agent that acts by alkylation.. pipobroman : An N-acylpiperazine that is piperazine in which each of the nitrogens has been acylated by a 3-bromopropionoyl group. An anti-cancer drug.	2.04	1	0	N-acylpiperazine; organobromine compound; tertiary carboxamide	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
piracetam Piracetam: A compound suggested to be both a nootropic and a neuroprotective agent.	1.97	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
pirenzepine Pirenzepine: An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal ulcers and due to its cytoprotective action is beneficial in the prevention of duodenal ulcer recurrence. It also potentiates the effect of other antiulcer agents such as CIMETIDINE and RANITIDINE. It is generally well tolerated by patients.	2.45	2	0	pyridobenzodiazepine	anti-ulcer drug; antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist
piribedil Piribedil: A dopamine D2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a D2 agonist.	1.95	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
polythiazide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	benzothiadiazine
potassium chloride Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.	2.66	3	0	inorganic chloride; inorganic potassium salt; potassium salt	fertilizer
prazosin Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.	2.93	4	0	aromatic ether; furans; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperazines; quinazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
prilocaine Prilocaine: A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry.. prilocaine : An amino acid amide in which N-propyl-DL-alanine and 2-methylaniline have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.	2.04	1	0	amino acid amide; monocarboxylic acid amide	anticonvulsant; local anaesthetic
primaquine Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.	2.04	1	0	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; N-substituted diamine	antimalarial
primidone Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.	2.04	1	0	pyrimidone	anticonvulsant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
proadifen Proadifen: An inhibitor of drug metabolism and CYTOCHROME P-450 ENZYME SYSTEM activity.	2.65	3	0	diarylmethane
probenecid Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.	8.22	6	0	benzoic acids; sulfonamide	uricosuric drug
probucol Probucol: A drug used to lower LDL and HDL cholesterol yet has little effect on serum-triglyceride or VLDL cholesterol. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p993).. probucol : A dithioketal that is propane-2,2-dithiol in which the hydrogens attached to both sulfur atoms are replaced by 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl groups. An anticholesteremic drug with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it is used to treat high levels of cholesterol in blood.	2.04	1	0	dithioketal; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory drug; anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; cardiovascular drug
procainamide Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.	2.04	1	0	benzamides	anti-arrhythmia drug; platelet aggregation inhibitor; sodium channel blocker
procaine Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.	2.04	1	0	benzoate ester; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	central nervous system depressant; drug allergen; local anaesthetic; peripheral nervous system drug
procarbazine Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.	2.4	2	0	benzamides; hydrazines	antineoplastic agent
promazine Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.	2.81	3	0	phenothiazines; tertiary amine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug; serotonergic antagonist
propranolol Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.	4.17	5	0	naphthalenes; propanolamine; secondary amine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; anxiolytic drug; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; human blood serum metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
protriptyline Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.	2.45	2	0	carbotricyclic compound	antidepressant
pyrilamine Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group.	2.45	2	0	aromatic ether; ethylenediamine derivative	H1-receptor antagonist
quipazine Quipazine: A pharmacologic congener of serotonin that contracts smooth muscle and has actions similar to those of tricyclic antidepressants. It has been proposed as an oxytocic.	2.37	2	0	piperazines; pyridines
raloxifene raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.	3.12	1	0	1-benzothiophenes; aromatic ketone; N-oxyethylpiperidine; phenols	bone density conservation agent; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
ranitidine [no description available]	2.51	2	0	aralkylamine
resorcinol resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.	2.04	1	0	benzenediol; phenolic donor; resorcinols	erythropoietin inhibitor; sensitiser
risperidone Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.	2.72	3	0	1,2-benzoxazoles; heteroarylpiperidine; organofluorine compound; pyridopyrimidine	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist
ritanserin Ritanserin: A selective and potent serotonin-2 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of a variety of syndromes related to anxiety and depression. The drug also improves the subjective quality of sleep and decreases portal pressure.. ritanserin : A thiazolopyrimidine that is 5H-[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidin-5-one which is substituted at position 7 by a methyl group and at position 6 by a 2-{4-[bis(4-fluorophenyl)methylidene]piperidin-1-yl}ethyl group. A potent and long-acting seratonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) antagonist of the subtype 5-HT2 (Ki = 0.39 nM), it is used in the treatment of a variety of disorders including anxiety, depression and schizophrenia. It has little sedative action.	2.9	4	0	organofluorine compound; piperidines; thiazolopyrimidine	antidepressant; antipsychotic agent; anxiolytic drug; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; serotonergic antagonist
ro 31-8220 Ro 31-8220: a protein kinase C inhibitor	1.98	1	0	imidothiocarbamic ester; indoles; maleimides	EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
rolipram [no description available]	2.04	1	0	pyrrolidin-2-ones	antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
secobarbital Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.	3.12	1	0	barbiturates	anaesthesia adjuvant; GABA modulator; sedative
carbamylhydrazine carbamylhydrazine: RN given refers to parent cpd	3.77	11	0	carbohydrazide; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound; ureas
semustine Semustine: 4-Methyl derivative of LOMUSTINE; (CCNU). An antineoplastic agent which functions as an alkylating agent.. semustine : An organochlorine compound that is urea in which the two hydrogens on one of the amino groups are replaced by nitroso and 2-chloroethyl groups and one hydrogen from the other amino group is replaced by a 4-methylcyclohexyl group.	2.04	1	0	N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent
sulfadiazine Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.	2.04	1	0	pyrimidines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; coccidiostat; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
spiperone Spiperone: A spiro butyrophenone analog similar to HALOPERIDOL and other related compounds. It has been recommended in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. spiperone : An azaspiro compound that is 1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane which is substituted at positions 1, 4, and 8 by phenyl, oxo, and 4-(p-fluorophenyl)-4-oxobutyl groups, respectively.	2.89	4	0	aromatic ketone; azaspiro compound; organofluorine compound; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
sq 22536 9-(tetrahydrofuryl)adenine : A nucleoside analogue that is adenine in which the nitrogen at position 9 has been substituted by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. It is an adenylate cyclase inhibitor.	2.04	1	0	nucleoside analogue; oxolanes	EC 4.6.1.1 (adenylate cyclase) inhibitor
streptonigrin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	pyridines; quinolone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent
vorinostat Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).	2.63	2	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; hydroxamic acid	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
sulfacetamide Sulfacetamide: An anti-bacterial agent that is used topically to treat skin infections and orally for urinary tract infections.. sulfacetamide : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide acylated on the sulfonamide nitrogen.	2.04	1	0	N-sulfonylcarboxamide; substituted aniline	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfaguanidine Sulfaguanidine: A sulfanilamide antimicrobial agent that is used to treat enteric infections.. sulfaguanidine : A sulfonamide incorporating a guanidine moiety used to block the synthesis of folic acid; mostly used in veterinary medicine	2.04	1	0	sulfonamide antibiotic	antiinfective agent
sulfamethazine Sulfamethazine: A sulfanilamide anti-infective agent. It has a spectrum of antimicrobial action similar to other sulfonamides.. sulfamethazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with methyl substituents at the 4- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.04	1	0	pyrimidines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ligand; xenobiotic
sulfamethoxazole Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	2.04	1	0	isoxazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent; antimicrobial agent; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; epitope; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
sulfamethoxypyridazine Sulfamethoxypyridazine: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.. sulfamethoxypyridazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridazine having a methoxy substituent at the 6-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.	2.04	1	0	pyridazines; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfanilamide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial agent; drug allergen; EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
sulfapyridine Sulfapyridine: Antibacterial, potentially toxic, used to treat certain skin diseases.. sulfapyridine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyridine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.04	1	0	pyridines; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; dermatologic drug; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfasalazine Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.	2.51	2	0
sulfathiazole Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.	2.04	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antiinfective agent; drug allergen; EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	2.04	1	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
sulforaphane sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L.. sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen.	2.08	1	0	isothiocyanate; sulfoxide	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
sulfoxone sulfoxone: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	sulfonamide
sulpiride Sulpiride: A dopamine D2-receptor antagonist. It has been used therapeutically as an antidepressant, antipsychotic, and as a digestive aid. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). sulpiride : A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine.	2.9	4	0	benzamides; N-alkylpyrrolidine; sulfonamide	antidepressant; antiemetic; antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist
sumatriptan Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.	2.42	2	0	sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.	3.12	1	0	aromatic ketone; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antirheumatic drug; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; peripheral nervous system drug
tegafur [no description available]	2.04	1	0	organohalogen compound; pyrimidines
terbutaline Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.	2.04	1	0	phenylethanolamines; resorcinols	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
tetracaine Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.	2.04	1	0	benzoate ester; tertiary amino compound	local anaesthetic
tetraethylammonium Tetraethylammonium: A potassium-selective ion channel blocker. (From J Gen Phys 1994;104(1):173-90)	2	1	0	quaternary ammonium ion
thalidomide Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.	1.96	1	0	phthalimides; piperidones
thiabendazole Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate	2.04	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug
2,2'-thiodiethanol 2,2'-thiodiethanol: product of yperite hydrolysis; a hydrolysis product opf mustard gas; strongly stimulates differentiation of chick embryo myogenic cells. thiodiglycol : A diol that is pentane-1,5-diol in which the methylene group at position 3 is replaced by a sulfur atom	2.04	1	0	aliphatic sulfide; diol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; metabolite; solvent
thiotepa Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).	3.53	2	0	aziridines
ticlopidine Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.	3.12	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; fibrin modulating drug; hematologic agent; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
tizanidine tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.	1.97	1	0	benzothiadiazole; imidazoles	alpha-adrenergic agonist; muscle relaxant
tolazamide Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	2.04	1	0	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; potassium channel blocker
tolbutamide Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.	2.04	1	0	N-sulfonylurea	human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker
2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine : A member of the class of cyclopropanes carrying amino and phenyl substituents at positions 1 and 2 respectively.	2.15	1	0	benzenes; cyclopropanes; primary amine
triamterene Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.	2.04	1	0	pteridines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
trichlormethiazide Trichlormethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p830). trichlormethiazide : A benzothiadiazine, hydrogenated at positions 2, 3 and 4 and substituted with an aminosulfonyl group at C-7, a chloro substituent at C-6 and a dichloromethyl group at C-3 and with S-1 as an S,S-dioxide. A sulfonamide antibiotic, it is used as a diuretic to treat oedema (including that associated with heart failure) and hypertension.	2.04	1	0	benzothiadiazine; sulfonamide antibiotic	antihypertensive agent; diuretic
2,2',2''-trichlorotriethylamine 2,2',2''-trichlorotriethylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0
trifluoperazine [no description available]	3.06	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organofluorine compound; phenothiazines	antiemetic; calmodulin antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
trimethadione Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.	2.04	1	0	oxazolidinone	anticonvulsant; geroprotector
trimethoprim Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.	2.04	1	0	aminopyrimidine; methoxybenzenes	antibacterial drug; diuretic; drug allergen; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
trimetrexate Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.	2.04	1	0
trimipramine Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.	1.96	1	0	dibenzoazepine; tertiary amino compound	antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tyramine [no description available]	14.69	71	2	monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines	EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
delavirdine Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.	3.12	1	0	aminopyridine; indolecarboxamide; N-acylpiperazine; sulfonamide	antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
urethane [no description available]	2.04	1	0	carbamate ester	fungal metabolite; mutagen
vesamicol vesamicol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	piperidines
xylamine xylamine: irreversibly inhibits norepinephrine accumulation by rabbit aortic rings in vitro; UD & journal source given agree on structure of cpd; Negwer calls it the bis(2-chloroethyl) cpd	1.97	1	0
donepezil hydrochloride donepezil hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)- donepezil hydrochloride. Its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.	2.15	1	0
corticosterone [no description available]	4.07	15	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
lysergic acid diethylamide Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Semisynthetic derivative of ergot (Claviceps purpurea). It has complex effects on serotonergic systems including antagonism at some peripheral serotonin receptors, both agonist and antagonist actions at central nervous system serotonin receptors, and possibly effects on serotonin turnover. It is a potent hallucinogen, but the mechanisms of that effect are not well understood.. lysergic acid diethylamide : An ergoline alkaloid arising from formal condensation of lysergic acid with diethylamine.	2.37	2	0	ergoline alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound	dopamine agonist; hallucinogen; serotonergic agonist
reserpine Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.	9.67	29	0	alkaloid ester; methyl ester; yohimban alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; first generation antipsychotic; plant metabolite; xenobiotic
phentolamine Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.	2.38	2	0	imidazoles; phenols; substituted aniline; tertiary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
floxuridine Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.	2.04	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; radiosensitizing agent
benzimidazole 1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole.	2.25	1	0	benzimidazole; polycyclic heteroarene
triethylenemelamine Triethylenemelamine: Toxic alkylating agent used in industry; also as antineoplastic and research tool to produce chromosome aberrations and cancers.	2.04	1	0	1,3,5-triazines	alkylating agent; insect sterilant
thyroxine Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.	3.98	4	0	2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine zwitterion; thyroxine	antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
dibenzylchlorethamine Dibenzylchlorethamine: An alpha adrenergic antagonist.	1.96	1	0
dextroamphetamine Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.	7.42	11	4	1-phenylpropan-2-amine	adrenergic agent; adrenergic uptake inhibitor; dopamine uptake inhibitor; dopaminergic agent; neurotoxin; sympathomimetic agent
spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.	3.06	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
aldosterone [no description available]	2.17	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
allobarbital allobarbital: was heading 1976-94 (see under BARBITURATES 1976-90); ALLOBARBITONE, DIALLYLBARBITAL, DIALLYLBARBITURIC ACID, & DIALLYLMAL were see ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; use BARBITURATES to search ALLOBARBITAL 1976-94; a barbiturate derivative with effects of intermediate duration; at lower doses, it is used as a sedative; at higher doses, it displays hypnotic effects	2.04	1	0	barbiturates
penicillamine Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.	2.04	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; penicillamine	antirheumatic drug; chelator; copper chelator; drug allergen
paramethasone Paramethasone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of corticosteroids. It has been used by mouth in the treatment of all conditions in which corticosteroid therapy is indicated except adrenal-deficiency states for which its lack of sodium-retaining properties makes it less suitable than HYDROCORTISONE with supplementary FLUDROCORTISONE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p737)	2.04	1	0	fluorinated steroid
azauridine Azauridine: A triazine nucleoside used as an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with pyrimidine biosynthesis thereby preventing formation of cellular nucleic acids. As the triacetate, it is also effective as an antipsoriatic.	2.04	1	0	N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
idoxuridine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	organoiodine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor
metaraminol Metaraminol: A sympathomimetic agent that acts predominantly at alpha-1 adrenergic receptors. It has been used primarily as a vasoconstrictor in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. metaraminol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 2-amino-1-phenylethanol substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a phenolic hydroxy group at position 1. A sympathomimetic agent , it is used in the treatment of hypotension.	1.96	1	0	phenylethanolamines	alpha-adrenergic agonist; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
triiodothyronine Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.	2.05	1	0	2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone
methyldimethylaminoazobenzene Methyldimethylaminoazobenzene: A very potent liver carcinogen.. 3-methyl-4'-dimethylaminoazobenzene : A member of the class of azobenzenes that is azobenzene in which one of the phenyl groups is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group, while the other is substituted at position 4 by a dimethylamino group. It is a potent liver carcinogen.	2.36	2	0
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	2.15	1	0	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.	2.68	3	0	L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chloramphenicol Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.	3.53	2	0	C-nitro compound; carboxamide; diol; organochlorine compound	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	2.43	2	0	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	2.05	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
allyl isothiocyanate allyl isothiocyanate: used in the manufacture of flavors, war gases; medical use as a counterirritant; structure. allyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate with the formula CH2=CHCH2N=C=S. A colorless oil with boiling point 152degreeC, it is responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi.	2.08	1	0	alkenyl isothiocyanate; isothiocyanate	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; lachrymator; metabolite
vincristine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	acetate ester; formamides; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; drug; microtubule-destabilising agent; plant metabolite; tubulin modulator
physostigmine Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.	3.49	2	0	carbamate ester; indole alkaloid	antidote to curare poisoning; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; miotic
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.	3.12	1	0	17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	2.38	2	0	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.	8.35	7	0	aporphine alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug
dromostanolone dromostanolone: synthetic anabolic androgenic steroid used to lower plasma cholesterol & as antineoplastic agent in advanced breast neoplasms; major descriptor (66-86); on-line search ANDROSTANOLS (80-86); ANDROSTANES (68-86); INDEX MEDICUS search DROMOSTANOLONE (66-86); RN given refers to (2alpha,5alpha,17beta)-isomer	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid; anabolic androgenic steroid	anabolic agent; antineoplastic agent
tetrabenazine 9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.	8.35	7	0	benzoquinolizine; cyclic ketone; tertiary amino compound
cephalothin Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.	2.04	1	0	azabicycloalkene; beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; carboxylic acid; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative; thiophenes	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.	2.04	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
piperoxan Piperoxan: A benzodioxane alpha-adrenergic blocking agent with considerable stimulatory action. It has been used to diagnose PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA and as an antihypertensive agent.	1.97	1	0
phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.	3.07	5	0	phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound	alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
thiamine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	organic chloride salt; vitamin B1
levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease	6.63	29	0	amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug
edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.	2.04	1	0	ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid	anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector
p-dimethylaminoazobenzene p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene: A reagent used mainly to induce experimental liver cancer. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, p. 89) published in 1985, this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed)	2.87	4	0	azobenzenes
tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.	3.07	5	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine	EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical
methicillin Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
n,n-dimethyltryptamine N,N-Dimethyltryptamine: An N-methylated indoleamine derivative and serotonergic hallucinogen which occurs naturally and ubiquitously in several plant species including Psychotria veridis. It also occurs in trace amounts in mammalian brain, blood, and urine, and is known to act as an agonist or antagonist of certain SEROTONIN RECEPTORS.. N,N-dimethyltryptamine : A tryptamine derivative having two N-methyl substituents on the side-chain.	1.95	1	0	tryptamine alkaloid; tryptamines
niridazole Niridazole: An antischistosomal agent that has become obsolete.	2.04	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-nitro compound
cloxacillin Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
methylene blue Methylene Blue: A compound consisting of dark green crystals or crystalline powder, having a bronze-like luster. Solutions in water or alcohol have a deep blue color. Methylene blue is used as a bacteriologic stain and as an indicator. It inhibits GUANYLATE CYCLASE, and has been used to treat cyanide poisoning and to lower levels of METHEMOGLOBIN.. methylene blue : An organic chloride salt having 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium as the counterion. A commonly used dye that also exhibits antioxidant, antimalarial, antidepressant and cardioprotective properties.	3.06	1	0	organic chloride salt	acid-base indicator; antidepressant; antimalarial; antimicrobial agent; antioxidant; cardioprotective agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 4.6.1.2 (guanylate cyclase) inhibitor; fluorochrome; histological dye; neuroprotective agent; physical tracer
zoxazolamine Zoxazolamine: A uricosuric and muscle relaxant. Zoxazolamine acts centrally as a muscle relaxant, but the mechanism of its action is not understood.	2.04	1	0	benzoxazole
aniline [no description available]	2.04	1	0	anilines; primary arylamine
methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.	2.71	3	0	aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.	2.38	2	0	amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.	2.5	2	0	alkaloid; colchicine	anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen
uracil mustard Uracil Mustard: Nitrogen mustard derivative of URACIL. It is a alkylating antineoplastic agent that is used in lymphatic malignancies, and causes mainly gastrointestinal and bone marrow damage.	2.04	1	0	aminouracil; nitrogen mustard
oxacillin Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.	2.04	1	0	penicillin	antibacterial agent; antibacterial drug
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	2.04	1	0	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
ficusin Ficusin: A naturally occurring furocoumarin, found in PSORALEA. After photoactivation with UV radiation, it binds DNA via single and double-stranded cross-linking.. psoralen : The simplest member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromene having a keto group at position 7. It has been found in plants like Psoralea corylifolia and Ficus salicifolia.	3.58	2	0	psoralens	plant metabolite
fluocinolone acetonide Fluocinolone Acetonide: A glucocorticoid derivative used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. It is usually employed as a cream, gel, lotion, or ointment. It has also been used topically in the treatment of inflammatory eye, ear, and nose disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p732). fluocinolone acetonide : A fluorinated steroid that is flunisolide in which the hydrogen at position 9 is replaced by fluorine. A corticosteroid with glucocorticoid activity, it is used (both as the anhydrous form and as the dihydrate) in creams, gels and ointments for the treatment of various skin disorders.	2.04	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-inflammatory drug; antipruritic drug
triaziquone Triaziquone: Alkylating antineoplastic agent used mainly for ovarian tumors. It is toxic to skin, gastrointestinal tract, bone marrow and kidneys.. triaziquone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which three of the ring hydrogens are replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups.	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; aziridines	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
ampicillin Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.	2.04	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic; penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
mannitol [no description available]	2.04	1	0	mannitol	allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent
cytarabine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	beta-D-arabinoside; monosaccharide derivative; pyrimidine nucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.	2.04	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
veratridine [no description available]	2.45	2	0	steroid	sodium channel modulator
sulfobromophthalein sodium bromosulfophthalein sodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of bromosulfophthalein.. bromosulfophthalein : An organosulfonic acid that consists of phthalide bearing four bromo substituents at positions 4, 5, 6 and 7 as well as two 4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenyl groups both located at position 1.	2.04	1	0	organic sodium salt	dye
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	2.07	1	0	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
threonine Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.	2	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; threonine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
alizarin [no description available]	2.15	1	0	dihydroxyanthraquinone	chromophore; dye; plant metabolite
tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.	5.41	20	0	erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan	antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
isoleucine Isoleucine: An essential branched-chain aliphatic amino acid found in many proteins. It is an isomer of LEUCINE. It is important in hemoglobin synthesis and regulation of blood sugar and energy levels.. isoleucine : A 2-amino-3-methylpentanoic acid having either (2R,3R)- or (2S,3S)-configuration.. L-isoleucine : The L-enantiomer of isoleucine.	2.41	2	0	aspartate family amino acid; isoleucine; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
acetylene [no description available]	3.12	1	0	alkyne; gas molecular entity; terminal acetylenic compound
methyl iodide methyl iodide: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd with MF of CH3-I. iodomethane : A member of the class of iodomethanes that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replaced by iodine.	1.99	1	0	iodomethanes; methyl halides	fumigant insecticide
methylamine methyl group : An alkyl group that is the univalent group derived from methane by removal of a hydrogen atom.	2.37	2	0	methylamines; one-carbon compound; primary aliphatic amine	mouse metabolite
dalapon dalapon: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	carboxylic acid; organohalogen compound
phencyclidine Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.	3.12	1	0	benzenes; piperidines	anaesthetic; neurotoxin; NMDA receptor antagonist; psychotropic drug
methylpentynol methylpentynol: structure	2.04	1	0	ynone
methylethyl ketone methylethyl ketone: solvent; colorless synthetic resins, smokeless powders; may be irritating to eyes, mucous membranes; may be toxic in high concentrations; structure. butanone : Any ketone that is butane substituted by an oxo group at unspecified position.. butan-2-one : A dialkyl ketone that is a four-carbon ketone carrying a single keto- group at position C-2.	1.96	1	0	butanone; dialkyl ketone; methyl ketone; volatile organic compound	bacterial metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.	3.12	1	0	chloroethenes	inhalation anaesthetic; mouse metabolite
cumene hydroperoxide cumene hydroperoxide: RN given refers to parent cpd. cumene hydroperoxide : A peroxol that is cumene in which the alpha-hydrogen is replaced by a hydroperoxy group.	3.12	1	0	peroxol	environmental contaminant; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite; oxidising agent
purpurin purpurin: from Rubiaceae plants; structure in first source. purpurin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone derived from anthracene by substitution with oxo groups at C-9 and C-10 and with hydroxy groups at C-1, C-2 and C-4.	2.57	2	0	trihydroxyanthraquinone	biological pigment; histological dye; plant metabolite
methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.	2.04	1	0	6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	1.95	1	0	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
brompheniramine Brompheniramine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.. brompheniramine : Pheniramine in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is substituted by bromine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, brompheniramine is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.	3.75	2	1	organobromine compound; pyridines	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
penicillin v Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
isosorbide dinitrate Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.	2.04	1	0	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
resacetophenone resacetophenone: structure in first source. 2',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone : A dihydroxyacetophenone that is acetophenone carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 2' and 4'.	2.15	1	0	dihydroxyacetophenone; resorcinols	plant metabolite
pseudoephedrine Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.	2.04	1	0	phenylethanolamines; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound	anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; central nervous system drug; nasal decongestant; plant metabolite; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
quinoxalines quinoxaline : A naphthyridine in which the nitrogens are at positions 1 and 4.	2.41	2	0	mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; naphthyridine; ortho-fused heteroarene
isatin tribulin: endogenous MONOAMINE OXIDASE inhibitory activity extractable into ethyl acetate found in brain and many mammalian tissues and fluids; ISATIN is a major component; produced in excess following alcohol withdrawal;	4.15	15	0	indoledione	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
fenoprop fenoprop: RN given is for parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	phenoxy herbicide
synephrine [no description available]	1.95	1	0	ethanolamines; phenethylamine alkaloid; phenols	alpha-adrenergic agonist; plant metabolite
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid 2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid: A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.. (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.	2.04	1	0	chlorophenoxyacetic acid; monochlorobenzenes	environmental contaminant; phenoxy herbicide; synthetic auxin
1,2-diaminobenzene 1,2-diaminobenzene: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,2-phenylenediamine : A phenylenediamine in which the two amino groups are ortho to each other.	2	1	0	phenylenediamine	hydrogen donor
1,3-ditolylguanidine 1,3-ditolylguanidine: structure given in first source; a selective ligand for the sigma binding sites in the brain	1.99	1	0	toluenes
dicloran 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline : A nitroaniline that is 4-nitroaniline in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 6 are replaced by chlorines. An agricultural fungicide, it is not approved for use in the European Union.	2.04	1	0	aromatic fungicide; dichlorobenzene; nitroaniline	antifungal agrochemical
benzylamine aminotoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more amino groups.	4.37	21	0	aralkylamine; primary amine	allergen; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
phenylhydrazine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	phenylhydrazines	xenobiotic
dyrene dyrene: structure. anilazine : A member of the class of triazenes that is dichlorotriazene in which the hydrogen is replaced by an o-chloroanilino group. A fungicide formerly used to control leaf spots and downy mildew, it is no longer approved for use within the European Union.	2.04	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; organochlorine pesticide; secondary amino compound; triazines	antifungal agrochemical
acrolein [no description available]	2.68	3	0	enal	herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; toxin
allylamine Allylamine: Possesses an unusual and selective cytotoxicity for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE cells in dogs and rats. Useful for experiments dealing with arterial injury, myocardial fibrosis or cardiac decompensation.	3.47	8	0	alkylamine
isoamylamine isoamylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. isopentylamine : A primary aliphatic amine that is butan-1-amine carrying a methyl substituent at position 3.	1.95	1	0	primary aliphatic amine	bacterial metabolite; plant metabolite
cyclohexanol Cyclohexanols: Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.. cyclohexanols : An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton.	2.05	1	0	cyclohexanols; secondary alcohol	solvent
2-hydroxyethylhydrazine 2-hydroxyethylhydrazine: inhibitor of phospholipid methylation in yeast	1.97	1	0	hydrazines	herbicide
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	2.48	2	0	pyrrole; secondary amine
n-amylamine n-amylamine: strong irritant; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. pentan-1-amine : A primary aliphatic amine that is n-pentane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by an amino group. A water-soluble liquid with boiling point 104degreeC, it is a strong irritant.	1.96	1	0	primary aliphatic amine
piperidine [no description available]	2.11	1	0	azacycloalkane; piperidines; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent; secondary amine	base; catalyst; human metabolite; non-polar solvent; plant metabolite; protic solvent; reagent
tetraethylenepentamine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	polyazaalkane	copper chelator
ergotamine Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.	2.04	1	0	peptide ergot alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; mycotoxin; non-narcotic analgesic; oxytocic; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
neostigmine bromide neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.	2.45	2	0	bromide salt
etryptamine etryptamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2	1	0	indoles
chloranil Chloranil: A quinone fungicide used for treatment of seeds and foliage.. tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone : A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquiones that is 1,4-benzoquinone in which all four hydrogens are substituted by chlorines.	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; organochlorine compound	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; metabolite
framycetin Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.	2.45	2	0	aminoglycoside	allergen; antibacterial drug; Escherichia coli metabolite
iodoantipyrine [no description available]	1.97	1	0
amiben Amiben: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	chlorobenzoic acid
1-naphthylamine 1-Naphthylamine: A suspected industrial carcinogen (and listed as such by OSHA). Its N-hydroxy metabolite is strongly carcinogenic and mutagenic.. naphthylamine : A primary arylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at unspecified position.. 1-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at position 1.	2.39	2	0	naphthylamine	human xenobiotic metabolite
monuron monuron: minor descriptor (72-83); on-line & Index Medicus search UREA/AA (72-74) & HERBICIDES (72-74) & HERBICIDES UREA (75-83); RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure. monuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a p-chlorophenyl group while the other is substituted by two methyl groups.	2.04	1	0	3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea; monochlorobenzenes	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
iminodiacetic acid iminodiacetic acid: used as hepatobiliary imaging agent when labeled with Tc; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. iminodiacetic acid : An amino dicarboxylic acid that is glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a carboxymethyl group.	2.04	1	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; glycine derivative; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid	chelator
yohimbine Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.	8.59	9	0	methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylate	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; dopamine receptor D2 antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
ditiocarb Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.	3.79	3	0	dithiocarbamic acids	chelator; copper chelator
hydroxytryptophol Hydroxytryptophol: 5-Hydroxy-indole-3-ethanol.	1.97	1	0	indoles
phenetidine Phenetidine: Used in the manufacture of acetophenetidin.. 4-ethoxyaniline : An aromatic ether that is aniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by an ethoxy group. It is a hydrolysis metabolite of phenacetin.	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; primary amino compound; substituted aniline	drug metabolite
diazooxonorleucine Diazooxonorleucine: An amino acid that inhibits phosphate-activated glutaminase and interferes with glutamine metabolism. It is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by an unidentified species of Streptomyces from Peruvian soil. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid that is L-norleucine which is substituted at position 5 by an oxo group and at position 6 by a diazo group. It is as inhibitor of various glutamine-utilising enzymes.	2.04	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; diazo compound; ketone; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	analgesic; antibacterial agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.4.2.14 (amidophosphoribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.2 (glutaminase) inhibitor; EC 6.3.4.2 [CTP synthase (glutamine hydrolyzing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.1 [NAD(+) synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.2 [GMP synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.3 (phosphoribosylformylglycinamidine synthase) inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.4 [asparagine synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; EC 6.3.5.5 [carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; glutamine antagonist
quinazolines Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.	2.11	1	0	azaarene; mancude organic heterobicyclic parent; ortho-fused heteroarene; quinazolines
indazoles Indazoles: A group of heterocyclic aromatic organic compounds consisting of the fusion of BENZENE and PYRAZOLES.	2.07	1	0	indazole
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	4.16	17	0	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	4.51	7	0	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
indopan indopan: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. alpha-methyltryptamine : A tryptamine derivative having a methyl substituent at the alpha-position.	1.96	1	0	tryptamines
hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.	5.01	13	0	azane; hydrazines	EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
methylpentynol carbamate [no description available]	2.04	1	0
mechlorethamine n-oxide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	nitrogen mustard
2h-benzo(a)quinolizin-2-ol, 2-ethyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-3-isobutyl-9,10-dimethoxy- 2H-Benzo(a)quinolizin-2-ol, 2-Ethyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-3-isobutyl-9,10-dimethoxy-: Proposed catecholamine depletor.	1.99	1	0
azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.	2.46	2	0	N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent
linuron Linuron: A selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). linuron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is N-methyl urea substituted by a methoxy group at position 1 and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group at position 3.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene; phenylureas	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
n-phenethylpiperidine [no description available]	2.06	1	0
carbutamide Carbutamide: A sulfonylurea antidiabetic agent with similar actions and uses to CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277)	2.04	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
galantamine Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.	4.31	4	0	benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent; benzazepine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	antidote to curare poisoning; cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
kynuramine Kynuramine: An aromatic ketone containing the aniline structure (ANILINE COMPOUNDS).. kynuramine : A member of the class of kynurenamines that is aniline substituted at position 2 by a 3-aminopropanoyl group.	3.83	12	0	kynurenamines; primary amino compound	metabolite
cuprizone [no description available]	1.95	1	0	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
betamethasone Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)	2.04	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; immunosuppressive agent
hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4.	2.04	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
plumbagin plumbagin: a superoxide anion generator. plumbagin : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone in which the hydrogens at positions 2 and 5 are substituted by methyl and hydroxy groups, respectively.	2.04	1	0	hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone; phenols	anticoagulant; antineoplastic agent; immunological adjuvant; metabolite
emetine Emetine: The principal alkaloid of ipecac, from the ground roots of Uragoga (or Cephaelis) ipecacuanha or U. acuminata, of the Rubiaceae. It is used as an amebicide in many different preparations and may cause serious cardiac, hepatic, or renal damage and violent diarrhea and vomiting. Emetine inhibits protein synthesis in EUKARYOTIC CELLS but not PROKARYOTIC CELLS.. emetine : A pyridoisoquinoline comprising emetam having methoxy substituents at the 6'-, 7'-, 10- and 11-positions. It is an antiprotozoal agent and emetic. It inhibits SARS-CoV2, Zika and Ebola virus replication and displays antimalarial, antineoplastic and antiamoebic properties.	2.04	1	0	isoquinoline alkaloid; pyridoisoquinoline	antiamoebic agent; anticoronaviral agent; antiinfective agent; antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; antiviral agent; autophagy inhibitor; emetic; expectorant; plant metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
dihydralazine Dihydralazine: 1,4-Dihydrazinophthalazine. An antihypertensive agent with actions and uses similar to those of HYDRALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p354)	3.12	1	0	phthalazines
beta-nicotyrine [no description available]	3.12	1	0	pyridines
flavanone flavanone: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure in first source. flavanone : The simplest member of the class of flavanones that consists of flavan bearing an oxo substituent at position 4.	2.05	1	0	flavanones
kainic acid Kainic Acid: (2S-(2 alpha,3 beta,4 beta))-2-Carboxy-4-(1-methylethenyl)-3-pyrrolidineacetic acid. Ascaricide obtained from the red alga Digenea simplex. It is a potent excitatory amino acid agonist at some types of excitatory amino acid receptors and has been used to discriminate among receptor types. Like many excitatory amino acid agonists it can cause neurotoxicity and has been used experimentally for that purpose.	2.4	2	0	dicarboxylic acid; L-proline derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; pyrrolidinecarboxylic acid	antinematodal drug; excitatory amino acid agonist
pamaquine pamaquine: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	aminoquinoline
alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.	2	1	0
mustard gas Mustard Gas: Severe irritant and vesicant of skin, eyes, and lungs. It may cause blindness and lethal lung edema and was formerly used as a war gas. The substance has been proposed as a cytostatic and for treatment of psoriasis. It has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP-85-002, 1985) (Merck, 11th ed).. bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide : An ethyl sulfide that is diethyl sulfide in which a hydrogen from each of the terminal methyl groups is replaced by a chlorine. It is a powerful vesicant regulated under the Chemical Weapons Convention.	2.04	1	0	ethyl sulfide; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; vesicant
hesperidin Hesperidin: A flavanone glycoside found in CITRUS fruit peels.. hesperidin : A disaccharide derivative that consists of hesperetin substituted by a 6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl moiety at position 7 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.04	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavanones; 4'-methoxyflavanones; dihydroxyflavanone; disaccharide derivative; flavanone glycoside; monomethoxyflavanone; rutinoside	mutagen
medroxyprogesterone [no description available]	2.04	1	0	17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
luminol Luminol: 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations.	2	1	0
angelicin angelicin: used as tranquillizer; sedative; or anticonvulsant; structure	2.21	1	0	furanocoumarin
flavone flavone: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure given in first source. flavone : The simplest member of the class of flavones that consists of 4H-chromen-4-one bearing a phenyl substituent at position 2.	2.05	1	0	flavones	metabolite; nematicide
apronalide apronalide: structure	2.04	1	0	N-acylurea
chlormethiazole Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.	2.01	1	0	thiazoles
tropolone Tropolone: A seven-membered aromatic ring compound. It is structurally related to a number of naturally occurring antifungal compounds (ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS).. tropolone : A cyclic ketone that is cyclohepta-2,4,6-trien-1-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is a toxin produced by the agricultural pathogen Burkholderia plantarii.	2.37	2	0	alpha-hydroxy ketone; cyclic ketone; enol	bacterial metabolite; fungicide; toxin
4,6-dinitro-o-cresol 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol : A hydroxytoluene that is o-cresol carrying nitro substituents at positions 4 and 6.	2.04	1	0	dinitrophenol acaricide; hydroxytoluene; nitrotoluene	dinitrophenol insecticide; fungicide; herbicide
methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol: Synthesized from endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine in vivo. It is found in brain, blood, CSF, and urine, where its concentrations are used to measure catecholamine turnover.	6.27	20	2	methoxybenzenes; phenols
methamphetamine Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.	3.94	13	0	amphetamines; secondary amine	central nervous system stimulant; environmental contaminant; neurotoxin; psychotropic drug; xenobiotic
trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid: A reagent that is used to neutralize peptide terminal amino groups.. 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid : The arenesulfonic acid that is benzenesulfonic acid with three nitro substituents in the 2-, 4- and 6-positions.	6.95	1	0	arenesulfonic acid; C-nitro compound	epitope; explosive; reagent
lithium carbonate Lithium Carbonate: A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.	5.37	5	3	carbonate salt; lithium salt	antimanic drug
metahexamide metahexamide: major descriptor (64-83); on-line search SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS (64-83); Index Medicus search METAHEXAMIDE (64-83); RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	benzenes; sulfonamide
1-acetylisatin 1-acetylisatin: structure in first source	2.11	1	0	indoledione
3-tyramine 3-tyramine: MH Tyramine refers to 4-tyramine; RN given refers to parent cpd. m-tyramine : A primary amino compound that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3.	3.78	2	1	primary amino compound; tyramines	human urinary metabolite; neurotransmitter
n-methylphenethylamine N-methylphenethylamine: substrate for type A & B monoamine oxidase; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.95	1	0
megestrol acetate [no description available]	2.04	1	0	20-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetate ester; steroid ester	antineoplastic agent; appetite enhancer; contraceptive drug; progestin; synthetic oral contraceptive
alpha-naphthoflavone alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4. alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14).	3.12	1	0	extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
toyocamycin Toyocamycin: 4-Amino-5-cyano-7-(D-ribofuranosyl)-7H- pyrrolo(2,3-d)pyrimidine. Antibiotic antimetabolite isolated from Streptomyces toyocaensis cultures. It is an analog of adenosine, blocks RNA synthesis and ribosome function, and is used mainly as a tool in biochemistry.. toyocamycin : An N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine that is tubercidin in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the pyrrolopyrimidine moiety has been replaced by a cyano group.	2.04	1	0	antibiotic antifungal agent; N-glycosylpyrrolopyrimidine; nitrile; ribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite
phenacylamine phenacylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6990	2.1	1	0	aromatic ketone
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	3.53	2	0	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
hadacidin hadacidin: inhibitor of AMP synthesis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. hadacidin : A monocarboxylic acid that is N-hydroxyglycine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a formyl group. It was originally isolated from cultures of Penicillium frequentans.	2.04	1	0	aldehyde; monocarboxylic acid; N-hydroxy-alpha-amino-acid	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; Penicillium metabolite; teratogenic agent
carbophenothion carbophenothion: structure	2.04	1	0	organic sulfide
porfiromycin Porfiromycin: Toxic antibiotic of the mitomycin group, obtained from MITOMYCIN and also from Streptomyces ardus and other species. It is proposed as an antineoplastic agent, with some antibiotic properties.	2.04	1	0
vinblastine [no description available]	2.04	1	0
deoxyuridine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
testolactone Testolactone: An antineoplastic agent that is a derivative of progesterone and used to treat advanced breast cancer.	2.04	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; seco-androstane
rhodamine 6g rhodamine 6G: RN given refers to HCl	2.07	1	0
ethambutol Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.	2.04	1	0	ethanolamines; ethylenediamine derivative	antitubercular agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
pyrithioxin Pyrithioxin: A neurotropic agent which reduces permeability of blood-brain barrier to phosphate. It has no vitamin B6 activity.	2.04	1	0	methylpyridines
nsc 65346 sangivamycin: RN given refers to parent cpd. sangivamycin : A nucleoside analogue that is adenosine in which the nitrogen at position 7 is replaced by a carbamoyl-substituted carbon. It is a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C.	2.04	1	0	nucleoside analogue	protein kinase inhibitor
guanazole Guanazole: A cytostatic triazole derivative which is not to be confused with guanazolo, the generic name for 8-azaguanine.. guanazole : An aromatic amine that is 1,2,4-triazole substituted at positions 3 and 5 by amino groups.	2.04	1	0	aromatic amine; triazoles	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor
n-methylcarbazole N-methylcarbazole: RN given refers to cpd with methyl group in position 9	3.12	1	0
meturedepa meturedepa: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #6031	2.04	1	0	phosphoramide
ioxynil ioxynil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. ioxynil : A nitrile that is benzonitrile substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and iodo groups at positions 3 and 5.	2.04	1	0	iodophenol; nitrile	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
bromoxynil bromoxynil: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile : A dibromobenzene that is 2,6-dibromophenol substituted by a cyano group at position 4.	2.04	1	0	dibromobenzene; hydroxynitrile; phenols	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
picloram Picloram: A picolinic acid derivative that is used as a herbicide.. picloram : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine-2-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a chloro group at positions 3,5 and 6, and by an amino group at position 4. It is a systemic herbicide used to control deeply rooted herbaceous weeds and woody plants in rights-of-way, forestry, range lands, pastures, and small grain crops.	2.04	1	0	aminopyridine; chloropyridine; organochlorine pesticide; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid	herbicide; synthetic auxin
ethoglucid Ethoglucid: Alkylating antineoplastic agent used especially in bladder neoplasms. It is toxic to hair follicles, gastro-intestinal tract, and vasculature.	2.04	1	0	epoxide
amiloride Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.	1.97	1	0	aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines	diuretic; sodium channel blocker
azaribine azaribine: pyrimidine analogue; anti-metabolite used in psoriasis & mycosis fungoides;. azaribine : A N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine that is 6-azauridine acetylated at positions 2', 3' and 5' on the sugar ring. It is a prodrug for 6-azauridine and is used for treatment of psoriasis.	2.04	1	0	acetate ester; N-glycosyl-1,2,4-triazine	antipsoriatic; prodrug
phenethyl isothiocyanate phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.	3.12	1	0	isothiocyanate	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; metabolite
1,3,5-triglycidyl-s-triazinetrione [no description available]	2.04	1	0
acetophenazine acetophenazine: major descriptor (73-85); minor descriptor (64-72); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (64-85); Index Medicus search PHENOTHIAZINES (64-72); ACETOPHENAZINE (73-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. acetophenazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at the nitogen atom and an acetyl group at position 2.	2.04	1	0	N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; N-alkylpiperazine; phenothiazines	phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
doxifluridine doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.	2.04	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
dicloxacillin Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene; penicillin	antibacterial drug
improsan improsan: synonyms NSC-102627, alkylating agent 864 & yoshi 864 refer to HCl; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0	organosulfonic ester
palmatine burasaine: structure in first source	2	1	0	berberine alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound	plant metabolite
tranylcypromine Tranylcypromine: A propylamine formed from the cyclization of the side chain of amphetamine. This monoamine oxidase inhibitor is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in panic and phobic disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311). tranylcypromine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine).. (1R,2S)-tranylcypromine : A 2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine that is the (1R,2S)-enantiomer of tranylcypromine.	10.52	45	3	2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine
streptomycin [no description available]	2.46	2	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; antibiotic fungicide; streptomycins	antibacterial drug; antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; antimicrobial drug; bacterial metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
piperacetazine piperacetazine: was MH 1975-91 (see under PHENOTHIAZINE TRANQUILIZERS 1975-90)	2.04	1	0	phenothiazines
beclomethasone [no description available]	2.04	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; chlorinated steroid; corticosteroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-asthmatic drug; anti-inflammatory drug
carbenicillin Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
5,6-dihydroxytryptamine 5,6-Dihydroxytryptamine: Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 6. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacologic research.	1.95	1	0
floxacillin Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
lilly 51641 Lilly 51641: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	6.95	1	0
5-nitroindazole [no description available]	2.07	1	0
pentaquine pentaquine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
evadyne butriptyline: a tricyclic antianxiety and antidepressive agent similar to, but with less side effects than amitriptyline; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search DIBENZOCYCLOHEPTENES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1	0	organic tricyclic compound
chlorphenamidine Chlorphenamidine: An acaricide used against many organophosphate and carbamate resistant pests. It acts as an uncoupling agent and monoamine oxidase inhibitor.	1.98	1	0
n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration.	1.98	1	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound	neurotransmitter agent
levodopa methyl ester levodopa methyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd(L)-isomer	1.98	1	0	tyrosine derivative
2-methylquinoxaline 2-methylquinoxaline: structure given in first source. 2-methylquinoxaline : A quinoxaline derivative in which the quinoxaline (1,4-naphthyridine) skeleton is substituted at C-2 with a methyl group.	3.51	1	0	quinoxaline derivative
manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.	1.96	1	0	elemental manganese; manganese group element atom	Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient
zalcitabine Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.	2.04	1	0	pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
isopentenyladenosine Isopentenyladenosine: N(6)-[delta(3)-isopentenyl]adenosine. Isopentenyl derivative of adenosine which is a member of the cytokinin family of plant growth regulators.. N(6)-(Delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenosine : A nucleoside analogue in which adenosine has been modified by substitution at the 6-amino nitrogen by a Delta(2)-isopentenyl group.	2.04	1	0	N-ribosyl-N(6)-isopentenyladenine; nucleoside analogue	antineoplastic agent; plant growth regulator; plant metabolite
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	10.42	5	3	dihydrogen
fluorine Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.	6.97	1	0	diatomic fluorine; gas molecular entity	NMR chemical shift reference compound
fluorosulfonic acid perfluorosulfonic acid: sulfonated tetrafluoroethylene-based fluoropolymer–copolymer	1.98	1	0	sulfur oxoacid	NMR solvent
ancitabine Ancitabine: Congener of CYTARABINE that is metabolized to cytarabine and thereby maintains a more constant antineoplastic action.. ancitabine : An organic heterotricyclic compound resulting from the formal condensation of the oxo group of cytidine to the 2' position with loss of water to give the corresponding cyclic ether. A prodrug, it is metabolised to the antineoplastic agent cytarabine, so is used to maintain a more constant antineoplastic action.	2.04	1	0	diol; organic heterotricyclic compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; prodrug
phenacid phenacid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0
4-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester 4-chlorophenylalanine methyl ester: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0
xipamide Xipamide: A sulfamoylbenzamide analog of CLOPAMIDE. It is diuretic and saluretic with antihypertensive activity. It is bound to PLASMA PROTEINS, thus has a delayed onset and prolonged action.	2.04	1	0	benzamides
selegiline Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.	13.41	420	6	selegiline; terminal acetylenic compound	geroprotector
cephalexin Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.	2.52	2	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid.	3.51	1	0	organic sodium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen
isosorbide-5-mononitrate isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug	2.04	1	0	glucitol derivative; nitrate ester	nitric oxide donor; vasodilator agent
pentamethylmelamine pentamethylmelamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
eedq EEDQ: peptide coupling reagent	2.39	2	0
calusterone calusterone: was MH 1975-92 (see under METHYLTESTOSTERONE 1975-90); use METHYLTESTOSTERONE to search CALUSTERONE 1975-92	2.04	1	0	3-hydroxy steroid	androgen
danazol Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	anti-estrogen; estrogen antagonist; geroprotector
metergoline Metergoline: A dopamine agonist and serotonin antagonist. It has been used similarly to BROMOCRIPTINE as a dopamine agonist and also for MIGRAINE DISORDERS therapy.. metergoline : An ergoline alkaloid that is the N-benzyloxycarbonyl derivative of lysergamine. A 5-HT2 antagonist. Also 5-HT1 antagonist and 5-HT1D ligand. Has moderate affinity for 5-HT6 and high affinity for 5-HT7.	1.97	1	0	carbamate ester; ergoline alkaloid	dopamine agonist; geroprotector; serotonergic antagonist
lisuride Lisuride: An ergot derivative that acts as an agonist at dopamine D2 receptors (DOPAMINE AGONISTS). It may also act as an antagonist at dopamine D1 receptors, and as an agonist at some serotonin receptors (SEROTONIN RECEPTOR AGONISTS).	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; serotonergic agonist
etoprine etoprine: do not confuse with 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine, also called DDEP	2.04	1	0
iodine [no description available]	2.38	2	0	halide anion; monoatomic iodine	human metabolite
daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.	2.47	2	0	aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
razoxane Razoxane: An antimitotic agent with immunosuppressive properties.	2.04	1	0	N-alkylpiperazine
cephapirin Cephapirin: Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.. cephapirin : A cephalosporin with acetoxymethyl and 2(pyridin-4-ylsulfanyl)acetamido substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used (as its sodium salt) as an antibiotic, being effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
fludarabine phosphate fludarabine phosphate: structure given in first source. fludarabine phosphate : A purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate having 2-fluoroadenine as the nucleobase. A prodrug, it is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Once incorporated into DNA, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP functions as a DNA chain terminator. It is used for the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to, or whose disease has progressed during, treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimenas.	2.04	1	0	nucleoside analogue; organofluorine compound; purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug
bromocriptine Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.	2.04	1	0	indole alkaloid	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; hormone antagonist
triamcinolone Triamcinolone: A glucocorticoid given, as the free alcohol or in esterified form, orally, intramuscularly, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p739). triamcinolone : A C21-steroid hormone that is 1,4-pregnadiene-3,20-dione carrying four hydroxy substituents at positions 11beta, 16alpha, 17alpha and 21 as well as a fluoro substituent at position 9. Used in the form of its 16,17-acetonide to treat various skin infections.	2.04	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 16alpha-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
azetepa [no description available]	2.04	1	0	phosphoramide
4-methoxyamphetamine 4-methoxyamphetamine: para-methoxy derivative to amphetamine with hallucinogenic properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search AMPHETAMINES (75-86); RN given refers to parent compound without isomeric designation	2.39	2	0
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	3.26	6	0	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
azoxymethane Azoxymethane: A potent carcinogen and neurotoxic compound. It is particularly effective in inducing colon carcinomas.	1.98	1	0
cefazolin Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.	2.04	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; tetrazoles; thiadiazoles	antibacterial drug
ripazepam [no description available]	2.04	1	0	benzenes
amoxicillin Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
timolol (S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.	2.04	1	0	timolol	anti-arrhythmia drug; antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist
prednimustine Prednimustine: Ester of CHLORAMBUCIL and PREDNISOLONE used as a combination alkylating agent and synthetic steroid to treat various leukemias and other neoplasms. It causes gastrointestinal and bone marrow toxicity.	2.04	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
4-ethynylbiphenyl 4-ethynylbiphenyl: structure given in first source	3.12	1	0
toloxatone toloxatone: oxazolidinone derivative; psychotropic drug; structure. toloxatone : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-toloxatone. It is a reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitor and antidepressant.. 5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one : A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one substituted by a 3-methylphenyl group at position 3.	3.55	8	0	oxazolidinone; primary alcohol; toluenes
amygdalin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cyanogenic glycoside; disaccharide derivative; gentiobioside	plant metabolite
amineptin amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.	2.04	1	0	amino acid; carbocyclic fatty acid; carbotricyclic compound; secondary amino compound	antidepressant; dopamine uptake inhibitor
zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.	2.04	1	0	azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside	antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
5,7-dihydroxytryptamine 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine: Tryptamine substituted with two hydroxyl groups in positions 5 and 7. It is a neurotoxic serotonin analog that destroys serotonergic neurons preferentially and is used in neuropharmacology as a tool.	3.23	6	0
4-ipomeanol 4-ipomeanol: lung-toxic furanoterpenoid produced in moldy sweet potatoes in response to fungus infection; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	3.12	1	0	aromatic ketone
tobramycin Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.	2.04	1	0	amino cyclitol glycoside	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; toxin
paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).	2.51	2	0	taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound	antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor
substance p [no description available]	1.97	1	0	peptide	neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
dobutamine Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.	2.04	1	0	catecholamine; secondary amine	beta-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent
ticarcillin Ticarcillin: An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.. ticarcillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
butaclamol [no description available]	2.45	2	0	amino alcohol; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	dopaminergic antagonist
etidocaine Etidocaine: A local anesthetic with rapid onset and long action, similar to BUPIVACAINE.. etidocaine : An amino acid amide in which 2-[ethyl(propyl)amino]butanoic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. Used as a local anaesthetic (amide caine), it has rapid onset and long action properties, similar to bupivacaine, and is given by injection during surgical procedures and during labour and delivery.	2.04	1	0	amino acid amide	local anaesthetic
cephradine Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.	2.04	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
ticrynafen Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.	3.12	1	0	aromatic ether; aromatic ketone; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; thiophenes	antihypertensive agent; hepatotoxic agent; loop diuretic
methyldopa Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.	2.4	2	0	L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	alpha-adrenergic agonist; antihypertensive agent; hapten; peripheral nervous system drug; sympatholytic agent
tocainide Tocainide: An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of SODIUM CHANNELS.. tocainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide in which 2,6-dimethylphenylaniline and isobutyric acid have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide	anti-arrhythmia drug; local anaesthetic; sodium channel blocker
sq-11725 Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.	2.04	1	0
diltiazem Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.	3.54	2	0	5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
nimustine Nimustine: Antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors. The resistance which brain tumor cells acquire to the initial effectiveness of this drug can be partially overcome by the simultaneous use of membrane-modifying agents such as reserpine, calcium antagonists such as nicardipine or verapamil, or the calmodulin inhibitor, trifluoperazine. The drug has also been used in combination with other antineoplastic agents or with radiotherapy for the treatment of various neoplasms.. nimustine : An organochlorine compound that is urea in which the two hydrogens on one of the amino groups are replaced by nitroso and 2-chloroethyl groups and one hydrogen from the other amino group is replaced by a 4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-ylmethyl] group. An antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors.	2.04	1	0	aminopyrimidine; N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.	3.49	8	0	pyridinium ion	apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin
supidimide supidimide: non-teratogenic analog of thalidomide; has mild tranquilizing action; structure given in first source	1.96	1	0
decamethrin decamethrin: pyrethroid insecticide; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; nitrile; organobromine compound	agrochemical; antifeedant; calcium channel agonist; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; pyrethroid ester insecticide
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid [no description available]	4.52	6	0	chromanol; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; radical scavenger; Wnt signalling inhibitor
butibufen butibufen: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0	monoterpenoid
acarbose [no description available]	3.51	1	0	tetrasaccharide derivative	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent
spiromustine [no description available]	2.04	1	0
diaziquone diaziquone: RN given refers to parent cpd. diaziquone : A 1,4-benzoquinone that is substituted at positions 2 and 5 have been replaced by aziridin-1-yl groups and at positions 3 and 6 by (ethoxycarbonyl)amino groups.	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones; aziridines; carbamate ester; enamine	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent
enkephalin, methionine Enkephalin, Methionine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from LEU-ENKEPHALIN by the amino acid METHIONINE in position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.	1.96	1	0
idarubicin Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.	2.04	1	0	anthracycline antibiotic; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative
dihydroalprenolol Dihydroalprenolol: Hydrogenated alprenolol derivative where the extra hydrogens are often tritiated. This radiolabeled form of ALPRENOLOL, a beta-adrenergic blocker, is used to label the beta-adrenergic receptor for isolation and study.	2.37	2	0
cefonicid Cefonicid: A second-generation cephalosporin administered intravenously or intramuscularly. Its bactericidal action results from inhibition of cell wall synthesis. It is used for urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, and soft tissue and bone infections.. cefonicid : A cephalosporin bearing {[1-(sulfomethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and (R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
piperacillin Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
paroxetine Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.	4.59	8	0	aromatic ether; benzodioxoles; organofluorine compound; piperidines	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; hepatotoxic agent; P450 inhibitor; serotonin uptake inhibitor
triciribine phosphate [no description available]	2.04	1	0
captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.	2.44	2	0	alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
staurosporine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	indolocarbazole alkaloid; organic heterooctacyclic compound	apoptosis inducer; bacterial metabolite; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; geroprotector
brofaromine brofaromine: short-acting specific type A monoamine oxidase inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd	5.21	16	0
indalpine indalpine: selective 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd	2.66	3	0	indoles
oltipraz oltipraz : A 1,2-dithiole that is 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione substituted at positions 4 and 5 by methyl and pyrazin-2-yl groups respectively.	3.12	1	0	1,2-dithiole; pyrazines	angiogenesis modulating agent; antimutagen; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; neurotoxin; protective agent; schistosomicide drug
bw-755c 4,5-Dihydro-1-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-amine: A dual inhibitor of both cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways. It exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting the formation of prostaglandins and leukotrienes. The drug also enhances pulmonary hypoxic vasoconstriction and has a protective effect after myocardial ischemia.	2.04	1	0
colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.	2.68	3	0	acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol	adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist
bicifadine bicifadine: a nonopioid analgesic that modulates the monoaminergic pathways involved in pain	2.03	1	0
triclabendazole [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether
cefaclor anhydrous Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
alfentanil Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.	2.04	1	0	monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	central nervous system depressant; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
fomesafen fomesafen: a protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting herbicide. fomesafen : An N-sulfonylcarboxamide that is N-(methylsulfonyl)benzamide in which the phenyl ring is substituted by a nitro group at position 2 and a 2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5. A protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitor, it was specially developed for use (generally as the corresponding sodium salt, fomesafen-sodium) for post-emergence control of broad-leaf weeds in soya.	2.39	2	0	aromatic ether; C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; organofluorine compound; phenols	agrochemical; EC 1.3.3.4 (protoporphyrinogen oxidase) inhibitor; herbicide
cimoxatone [no description available]	3.57	9	0
flupirtine flupirtine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2	1	0	aminopyridine
milacemide milacemide: ampakine activity at AMPA Receptors; structure given in first source	2.67	3	0
piritrexim piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
idazoxan Idazoxan: A benzodioxane-linked imidazole that has alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity.. idazoxan : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl group.	8.6	9	0	benzodioxine; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
quinpirole Quinpirole: A dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist.. quinpirole : A pyrazoloquinoline that is (4aR,8aR)-4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a,9-octahydro-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-g]quinoline substituted by a propyl group at position 5. It acts as a dopamine agonist.	3.71	10	0	pyrazoloquinoline	dopamine agonist
caracemide [no description available]	2.04	1	0
bambuterol bambuterol: selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase & acetylcholinesterase. bambuterol : A carbamate ester that is terbutaline in which both of the phenolic hydroxy groups have been protected as the corresponding N,N-dimethylcarbamates. A long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma, it is a prodrug for terbutaline.	2.04	1	0	carbamate ester; phenylethanolamines	anti-asthmatic drug; beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; prodrug; sympathomimetic agent; tocolytic agent
quinapril Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	2.04	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; isoquinolines; tertiary carboxamide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
mifepristone Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.	3.12	1	0	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; acetylenic compound; tertiary amino compound	abortifacient; contraceptive drug; hormone antagonist; synthetic oral contraceptive
cilazapril, anhydrous Cilazapril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors) used for hypertension. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed after absorption to its main metabolite cilazaprilat.. cilazapril : A pyridazinodiazepine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cilazaprilat with ethanol. It is a drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.	2.04	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; pyridazinodiazepine	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; prodrug
ipsapirone [no description available]	2.68	3	0	N-arylpiperazine
zileuton [no description available]	3.12	1	0	1-benzothiophenes; ureas	anti-asthmatic drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; leukotriene antagonist; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clopidogrel Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.	3.12	1	0	methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; thienopyridine	anticoagulant; P2Y12 receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
mibefradil Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.	3.12	1	0	tetralins	T-type calcium channel blocker
befloxatone befloxatone: selectively inhibits monoamine oxidase A; structure in first source; RN given refers to (R)-isomer	2.01	1	0
irinotecan [no description available]	3.12	1	0	carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug
zolmitriptan zolmitriptan: an antimigraine compound; a serotonin (5HT)-1D receptor agonist. zolmitriptan : A member of the class of tryptamines that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the indole ring has been replaced by a [(4S)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group. A serotonin 5-HT1 B and D receptor agonist, it is used for the treatment of migraine.	2	1	0	oxazolidinone; tryptamines	anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-benzoquinone 2,5-bis(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-bis(2-methoxyethoxy)-4-benzoquinone: structure	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzoquinones
allyl formate [no description available]	1.97	1	0
3-n-butylphthalide 3-n-butylphthalide: isolated from phenolic part of Ligusticum wallichii Franch; structure given in first source	2.91	3	0	benzofurans
dimethylhydrazines Dimethylhydrazines: Hydrazines substituted with two methyl groups in any position.	1.96	1	0
edda EDDA: RN given refers to parent cpd. ethylenediaminediacetic acid : An ethylenediamine derivative in which two of the four amine protons of ethylenediamine are replaced by carboxymethyl groups.	2.04	1	0	amino dicarboxylic acid; ethylenediamine derivative; glycine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; chelator
morzid morzid: structure	2.04	1	0	morpholines
octyl glucoside octyl-beta-D-glucoside: RN given refers to (beta)-isomer. octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside : An beta-D-glucoside in which the anomeric hydrogen of beta-D-glucopyranose is substituted by an octyl group.	2.36	2	0	beta-D-glucoside	plant metabolite
propranolol hydrochloride Inderex: combination of above cpds; used in treatment of hypertension	2.15	1	0	hydrochloride
venlafaxine hydrochloride Venlafaxine Hydrochloride: A cyclohexanol and phenylethylamine derivative that functions as a SEROTONIN AND NORADRENALINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR (SNRI) and is used as an ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENT.	2.05	1	0	hydrochloride
febrifugine febrifugine: antimalarials; structure	2.04	1	0	quinazolines
nelfinavir Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.	3.12	1	0	aryl sulfide; benzamides; organic heterobicyclic compound; phenols; secondary alcohol; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; HIV protease inhibitor
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	2.36	2	0	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
norharman norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.	2.81	3	0	beta-carbolines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent	fungal metabolite; marine metabolite
amprenavir [no description available]	3.12	1	0	carbamate ester; sulfonamide; tetrahydrofuryl ester	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
thymine arabinoside thymine arabinoside: selectively inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus	2.04	1	0	N-glycosyl compound
epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.	2.11	1	0	flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
psicofuranine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	psicose derivative; purine nucleoside
2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide 2,2'-dipyridyl disulfide: disulfide is an important moiety in this cpd. aldrithiol : A member of the class of pyridines that is pyridine which is substituted by a pyridin-2-yldisulfanediyl group at position 2. It is a reagent used in molecular biology as an oxidizing agent. Also used in peptide synthesis and for detecting thiols.	1.96	1	0	organic disulfide; pyridines	oxidising agent
glutathione disulfide Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.	1.97	1	0	glutathione derivative; organic disulfide	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite
triciribine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	nucleoside analogue	EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor
5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine [no description available]	2.04	1	0
bendamustine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	benzimidazoles
trofosfamide trofosfamide: cyclophosphamide analog; structure	2.04	1	0	ifosfamides
3-amino-2-oxazolidinone [no description available]	1.97	1	0	oxazolidinone
rutecarpine rutacarpine: from Evodia rutaecarpa; an ingredient in zhuyu hewei zhitong capsules	3.12	1	0	beta-carbolines
4-aminobenzoic acid-n-xyloside 4-aminobenzoic acid-N-xyloside: K 247 refers to Na salt; RN given refers to (D)-isomer	2.04	1	0
fotrin fotrin: ethyleneamine derivative; antineoplastic; Russian drug; structure	2.04	1	0
sufosfamide sufosfamide: stronger immunosuppressive activity than cyclophosphamide; structure	2.04	1	0
dexverapamil dexverapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has R configuration. It competitively inhibits the multidrug resistance efflux pump P-glycoprotein (MDR-1, EC 3.6.3.44), thereby potentially increasing the effectiveness of a wide range of antineoplastic drugs which are inactivated by MDR-1 mechanisms. Dexverapamil exhibits lower calcium antagonistic activity and toxicity than racemic verapamil.	3.12	1	0	2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile	EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
milnacipran Milnacipran: A cyclopropanecarboxamide serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) that is used in the treatment of FIBROMYALGIA.	1.98	1	0	acetamides
valerophenone [no description available]	2.25	1	0	aromatic ketone	plant metabolite; volatile oil component
propatyl nitrate propatyl nitrate: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	nitrate ester
dexfenfluramine Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.	2.04	1	0	fenfluramine	appetite depressant; serotonergic agonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
salicylhydroxamic acid [no description available]	2	1	0	hydroxamic acid; phenols	antibacterial drug; EC 1.11.2.2 (myeloperoxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor; trypanocidal drug
sulfamidochrysoidine sulfamidochrysoidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. prontosil : A diphenyldiazene compound having two amino substituents at the 2- and 4-positions and an aminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position. It was the first antibacterial drug, (introduced 1935) and the first of the sulfonamide antibiotics.	2.04	1	0
isoimperatorin isoimperatorin: tumor necrosis factor antagonist isolated from Glehniae root. isoimperatorin : A member of the class of psoralens that is psoralen substituted by a prenyloxy group at position 5. Isolated from Angelica dahurica and Angelica koreana, it acts as a acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.	2.21	1	0	psoralens	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; metabolite
ibopamine ibopamine: structure given in UD 31;67a & in 2nd source	2.04	1	0	benzoate ester; phenols
sertraline Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.	4.04	4	0	dichlorobenzene; secondary amino compound; tetralins	antidepressant; serotonin uptake inhibitor
pumitepa pumitepa: structure; RN given refers to unlabeled cpd	2.04	1	0
selfotel selfotel: a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist; used to treat stroke-induced impairment	2.05	1	0	non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
elmustine elmustine: structure	2.04	1	0
mesulergine mesulergine: RN given refers to parent cpd; CU 32-085 is synonymous to mono-HCl; metabolized into dopaminergic agonists; structure given in first source. mesulergine : A member of the class of ergot alkaloids that is known to act on serotonin and dopamine receptors.	1.98	1	0	ergot alkaloid; sulfamides	antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; serotonergic antagonist
tianeptine tianeptine: structure given in first source. tianeptine : A racemate comprising of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tianeptine. It is an atypical antidepressant used in Europe to treat patients who respond poorly to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs).. 7-[(3-chloro-6-methyl-5,5-dioxido-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepin-11-yl)amino]heptanoic acid : A member of the class of dibenzothiazepines that is 3-chloro-6-methyl-6,11-dihydrodibenzo[c,f][1,2]thiazepine 5,5-dioxide substituted by a (6-carboxyhexyl)amino group at position 11.. (S)-tianeptine : The S-enantiomer of tianeptine.	2.42	2	0	dibenzothiazepine; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
forphenicinol [no description available]	2.04	1	0
4-hydroxyquinoline 4-quinolone : A quinolone that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 4.	2.37	2	0	monohydroxyquinoline; quinolone
malvidin chloride [no description available]	2.17	1	0
3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine: causes NADPH-& time-dependent in vitro loss of hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450; do not confuse with etoprine, also called DDEP	3.12	1	0
dipropylacetamide dipropylacetamide: structure. valpromide : A fatty amide derived from valproic acid.	2.04	1	0	fatty amide	geroprotector; metabolite; teratogenic agent
lazabemide lazabemide: structure given in first source	8.83	11	0
inproquone inproquone: major descriptor (78-80); replaced major descriptor Bayer E39 (63-77); on-line search AZIRINES (66-80); Index Medicus search Bayer E39 (63-77), INPROQUONE (78-80)	2.04	1	0
mdl 11939 alpha-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidinemethanol: class III antiarrythmic agent; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	primary amine
amezinium amezinium: RN &N1 for parent cpd from 9th CI Form Index; structure in Negwer, 5th ed, #6252. amezinium : A pyridazinium ion that is pyridazin-1-ium which is substituted by a phenyl, amino and methoxy groups at positions 1, 4 and 6, respectively.	6.96	1	0	aromatic ether; primary arylamine; pyridazinium ion	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antihypotensive agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; sympathomimetic agent
efaroxan efaroxan: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1	0	1-benzofurans
sr 95191 SR 95191: structure given in first source	2.66	3	0
coptisine coptisine: RN given refers to parent cpd	2	1	0	alkaloid	metabolite
neplanocin a neplanocin A: neplanocins are antitumor antibiotics & carbocyclic analogs of purine nucleosides from Ampullarilla regularis A11079; see also neplanocin B, neplanocin C, neplanocin D & neplanocin F; structure in first source; a potent inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase	2.04	1	0
oxazolidin-2-one Oxazolidinones: Derivatives of oxazolidin-2-one. They represent an important class of synthetic antibiotic agents.. oxazolidin-2-one : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine with an oxo substituent at position 2.. oxazolidinone : An oxazolidine containing one or more oxo groups.	4.17	17	0	carbamate ester; oxazolidinone	metabolite
5-phenyl-1-pentyne [no description available]	3.12	1	0
1-ethoxysilatrane [no description available]	2.04	1	0
3-acetylcoumarin 3-acetylcoumarin: structure given in first source. 3-acetylcoumarin : A member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by an acetyl group.	2.06	1	0	coumarins
4'-methoxyflavone 4'-methoxyflavone: from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (Fabaceae); structure in first source	2.05	1	0	ether; flavonoids
rivastigmine [no description available]	3.16	4	0	carbamate ester; tertiary amino compound	cholinergic drug; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
4-dimethylaminobenzylamine [no description available]	1.96	1	0
clarithromycin Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.	3.12	1	0	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; protein synthesis inhibitor; xenobiotic
3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid: metabolite of L-dopa; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3,4-dihydroxymandelic acid : A catechol that is the 3,4-dihydroxy derivative of mandelic acid; a metabolite of L-dopa.	2.68	3	0	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; catechols	antioxidant; drug metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
tretazicar tretazicar: minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search AZIRIDINES (75-84)	2.04	1	0
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	4.24	5	0	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
nsc-172755 butocin: S-substituted analog of mercaptopurine which functions as a cytostatic agent; minor descriptor (75-85); on-line search 6-MERCAPTOPURINE/AA (75-84); Index Medicus search MERCAPTOPURINE/analogs (75-84)	2.04	1	0
streptovitacin a streptovitacin A: structure	2.04	1	0
inermin inermin: phytoalexin produced in plants after injection with fungi; RN given refers to (cis-(+-))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation; structure. (-)-maackiain : The (-)-enantiomer of maackiain.	2.13	1	0	maackiain
3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol: noradrenaline metabolite in mouse brain; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol : A tetrol composed of ethyleneglycol having a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group at the 1-position.	3.48	8	0	catechols; tetrol	metabolite; mouse metabolite
salsolinol salsolinol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; EP to SALSOLINE ALKALOIDS (78-82); on-line search SALSOLINE ALKALOIDS (78-82); Index Medicus search ISOQUINOLINES (78-82). (S)-salsolinol : A 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol that has S-configuration.	2.39	2	0	1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-6,7-diol	human urinary metabolite
1-methyl-4-(2'-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-methyl-4-(2'-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: more potent dopaminergic neurotoxic compound than MPTP in mice	2.89	4	0
lekoptin (S)-verapamil : A 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile that has S configuration.	3.12	1	0	2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile
cb 10375 trimelamol: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
lopinavir [no description available]	3.12	1	0	amphetamines; dicarboxylic acid diamide	anticoronaviral agent; antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
droxidopa Droxidopa: A synthetic precursor of norepinephrine that is used in the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION.. droxidopa : A serine derivative that is L-serine substituted at the beta-position by a 3,4-dihydroxyphenyl group. A prodrug for noradrenalone, it is used for treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension	2.37	2	0	catechols; L-tyrosine derivative	antihypertensive agent; prodrug; vasoconstrictor agent
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-amino-2-isopropylvaleronitrile: structure in first source. D617 : A nitrile that is pentanenitrile substituted by a 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl group at position 2, a methylamino group at position 4 and an isopropyl group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug verapamil.	3.12	1	0	dimethoxybenzene; nitrile; secondary amino compound	drug metabolite; marine xenobiotic metabolite
carbenicillin indanyl carbenicillin indanyl: acid stable indanyl ester of carbenicillin for oral use; same side-effects as carbenicillin; minor descriptor (75-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search CARBENICILLIN/AA (75-86); RN given refers to (mono-Na salt(2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer)	2.04	1	0	penicillin
cb 1837 CB 1837: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.04	1	0
hexaphosphamide hexaphosphamide: structure	2.04	1	0
dipin dipin: structure	2.04	1	0
phosphazine phosphazine: structure	2.04	1	0
oxoglaucine 1,2,9,10-tetramethoxy-7H-dibenzo(de,g)quinolin-7-one: a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p110alpha inhibitor that reactivates latent HIV-1; structure in first source	2.17	1	0	isoquinoline alkaloid
diiodobenzotepa diiodobenzotepa: structure	2.04	1	0
enkephalinamide-met, ala(2)- enkephalinamide-Met, Ala(2)-: synthetic enkephalin analog;	1.96	1	0
icig 1163 ICIG 1163: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
bimolane bimolane: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
thiodipin thiodipin: structure	2.04	1	0
fluoxydine fluoxydine: structure	2.04	1	0
imiphos imiphos: structure	2.04	1	0
4'-methoxyflavanone 4'-methoxyflavanone : The parent member of the class of 4'-methoxyflavanones that is flavanone which is substituted by a methoxy group at the 4'-position.	2.05	1	0	4'-methoxyflavanones
sn 38 SN-38 : A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is (4S)-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-dione bearing two additional ethyl substituents at positions 4 and 11 as well as two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 9. It is the active metabolite of irinotecan and is ~1000 times more active than irinotecan itself.	3.12	1	0	delta-lactone; phenols; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; tertiary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
norverapamil norverapamil: N-demethylated active metabolite of verapamil; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure in second source. norverapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-norverapamil. The major active metabolite of verapamil.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl]amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A secondary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.	3.12	1	0	aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; secondary amino compound
epibatidine epibatidine: a powerful, though toxic, pain killer produced by the poison arrow frog, Epipedobates tricolor; structure given in first source; more potent than morphine but acts at nicotine rather than opiate receptors	2.05	1	0
aldophosphamide aldophosphamide: metabolite of cyclophosphamide	2.04	1	0	nitrogen mustard
methoctramine methoctramine: structure given in first source. methoctramine : A tetramine that is N,N'-bis(6-aminohexyl)octane-1,8-diamine where the primary amino groups both carry 2-methoxybenzyl substituents.. methoctramine tetrahydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining methoctramine with four molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid.	2.45	2	0	hydrochloride	muscarinic antagonist
gr 127935 GR 127935: a 5-HT 1D receptor antagonist. GR 127935 : A member of the class of benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2'-methyl-4'-(5-methyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl)biphenyl-4-carboxylic acid and the anilino group of 4-methoxy-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)aniline. Potent and selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist (pKi values are 8.5 for both guinea pig 5-HT1D and rat 5-HT1B receptors). Displays > 100-fold selectivity over 5HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptors and other receptor types. Centrally active following oral administration.	2.02	1	0	1,2,4-oxadiazole; benzamides; N-alkylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline	2.04	1	0	alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
tryptoline tryptoline: neurotoxic factor that may be involved in development of Parkinson's disease; enzymatic prep from human brain converts tryptamine to tryptoline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.97	1	0	beta-carbolines
n-monodemethyldiltiazem N-monodemethyldiltiazem: RN given refers to (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source	3.12	1	0	benzothiazepine
alpha-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazine butanol alpha-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(5-fluoro-2-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazine butanol: NM refers to free form; BMY 14802-1 is the HCl; structure given in first source	1.98	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
rx 821002 2-methoxyidazoxan: 2-methoxy analog of idazoxan. 2-methoxyidazoxan : A benzodioxine that is idazoxan substituted at position 2 by a methoxy group.	2.92	4	0	benzodioxine; cyclic ketal; imidazolines	alpha-adrenergic antagonist
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	2.4	2	0
3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-2,5-piperazinedione 3,6-bis(5-chloro-2-piperidyl)-2,5-piperazinedione: isolated from Streptomyces griseoluteus fermentation broth; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure	2.04	1	0
oxymatrine oxysophoridine: an alkaloid isolated from Sophra alope; structure in first source	2.04	1	0	alkaloid; tertiary amine oxide
2-ethynylnaphthalene 2-ethynylnaphthalene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd	3.12	1	0
arg-3-hyp-7-phe-bradykinin NPC 567: bradykinin receptor antagonist. NPC-567 : A ten-membered oligopeptide comprising D-arginyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, (4R)-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl, glycyl, L-phenylalanyl, L-seryl, D-phenylalanyl, L-phenylalanyl and L-arginine residues joined in sequence.	2.04	1	0	oligopeptide	bradykinin receptor antagonist
1,1,2-trichloroethanol 1,1,2-trichloroethanol: metabolite of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene	2.04	1	0
tetranitrotetrazolium blue [no description available]	1.96	1	0
brl 44408 BRL 44408: has selectivity for adrenergic alpha-2A receptors; BRL 48962 is the R-enantiomer; BRL 48553 is the R-enantiomer	2	1	0
ezogabine ezogabine: structure in first source. ezogabine : A substituted aniline that is benzene-1,2,4-triamine bearing ethoxycarbonyl and 4-fluorobenzyl substituents at positions N-1 and N-4 respectively. An anticonvulsant used to treat seizures associated with epilepsy in adults.	2	1	0	carbamate ester; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline	anticonvulsant; potassium channel modulator
aromadedrin aromadedrin: inhibits protein kinase C; the dihydro makes it a flavone rather than a flavonol. (+)-dihydrokaempferol : A tetrahydroxyflavanone having hydroxy groupa at the 3-, 4'-, 5- and 7-positions.	2.05	1	0	4'-hydroxyflavanones; dihydroflavonols; secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetrahydroxyflavanone	metabolite
peroxynitrous acid Peroxynitrous Acid: A potent oxidant synthesized by the cell during its normal metabolism. Peroxynitrite is formed from the reaction of two free radicals, NITRIC OXIDE and the superoxide anion (SUPEROXIDES).	3.12	1	0	nitrogen oxoacid
n(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-n-methylcarboxamidoadenosine N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine: structure given in first source; a selective A(3) adenosine receptor agonist. 3-iodobenzyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by N-ethylcarboxamido and one of the hydrogens of the exocyclic amino function is substituted by a 3-iodobenzyl group.	2.04	1	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organoiodine compound	adenosine A3 receptor agonist
1-(1-(2-benzo(b)thienyl)cyclohexyl)piperidine 1-(1-(2-benzo(b)thienyl)cyclohexyl)piperidine: structure given in first source. 1-[1-(1-benzothiophen-2-yl)cyclohexyl]piperidine : A tertiary amino compound that consists of cyclohexane having piperidin-1-yl and benzothiophen-2-yl groups attached at position 1. A potent dopamine re-uptake inhibitor with a behavioral profile different from that of phencyclidine (PCP) and similar to that of cocaine.	2.04	1	0	1-benzothiophenes; piperidines; tertiary amino compound	dopamine uptake inhibitor
6-hydroxydopa quinone 6-hydroxydopa quinone: structure given in first source; quinoid cofactor of quinoproteins; RN given refers to the 4-hydroxy-3,6-dioxo- tautomer. L-topaquinone : A topaquinone that has S configuration.	1.98	1	0
glabridin [no description available]	3.12	1	0	hydroxyisoflavans	antiplasmodial drug
garenoxacin garenoxacin: a des-fluoro(6) quinolone with antibacterial activity. garenoxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid that is substituted by a cyclopropyl group at position 1, an oxo group at position 4, a (1R)-1-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-isoindol-5-yl group at position 7, and a difluoromethoxy group at position 8.	2.15	1	0	aromatic ether; cyclopropanes; isoindoles; organofluorine compound; quinolinemonocarboxylic acid; quinolone antibiotic	antibacterial drug; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3-(2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl)-4-methylsydnone 3-(2-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)thioethyl)-4-methylsydnone: porphyrinogenic agent; structure given in first source	3.12	1	0
5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane 5,6-methylenedioxy-2-aminoindane: structure given in first source	1.99	1	0	benzodioxoles
iremycin iremycin: anthracycline antibiotic from Streptomyces violaceus subsp. iremyceticus; RN given refers to parent cpd(7R-trans)-isomer	2.04	1	0
3,3a-dehydropyrazidol [no description available]	2.01	1	0
methotrexate [no description available]	2.04	1	0	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
reboxetine Reboxetine: A morpholine derivative that is a selective and potent noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor; it is used in the treatment of DEPRESSIVE DISORDER.	2.44	2	0	aromatic ether
n,n'-bis((2-chloroethyl)nitrosocarbamoyl)cystamine N,N'-bis((2-chloroethyl)nitrosocarbamoyl)cystamine: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
hainanensine hainanensine: structure in first source	2.04	1	0
rs 45041-190 4-chloro-2-(imidazolin-2-yl)isoindoline: a selective high-affinity radioligand for I2 imidazoline receptors; structure given in first source	2	1	0	isoindoles
1-methyl-4-(2'-ethylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [no description available]	1.97	1	0
1-methyl-4-(2'-aminophenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-methyl-4-(2'-aminophenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: reduces levels of cortical and hippocampal serotonin and norepinephrine	1.98	1	0
safinamide safinamide: short-acting inhibitor of MOA-B; FCE 26743 is (S)-isomer, FCE 28073 is (R)-isomer; structure in first source	4.51	19	0	amino acid amide
omega-n-methylarginine omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.	2.04	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; arginine derivative; guanidines; L-arginine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
abiraterone [no description available]	2.31	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; pyridines	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.99.9 (steroid 17alpha-monooxygenase) inhibitor
rhc 3164 7-chloro-5-propyl-1,2,4-triazolo(4,3-a)quinoxaline-1,4(2H,5H)-dione: structure given in first source	3.51	1	0
ritrosulfan ritrosulfan: RN given refers to parent cpd(R,S)-isomer; structure	2.04	1	0
9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl)adenine (2R,3S)-EHNA : EHNA of absolute configuration 2R,3S. Selective inhibitor of cGMP-stimulated phosphodiesterase (PDE2) (IC50 = 0.8 - 4 mM). Also a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase.	2.04	1	0	EHNA	EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium: RN given from Toxline; RN not in Chemline 4/85	2.07	1	0
schisantherin a [no description available]	3.12	1	0	tannin
damvar damvar: structure	2.04	1	0
5-hydroxytryptamine o-sulfate 5-hydroxytryptamine O-sulfate: found in superfusates of rat spinal cord; RN given refers to hydrogen sulfate ester	1.96	1	0
4-dimethylaminophenylacetate 4-N,N-dimethylaminophenylacetic acid: accelerator for dental composite polymerization	1.98	1	0
1-ethynylpyrene 1-ethynylpyrene: RN & structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 12/84	3.12	1	0
n-methyl-n-propargyl-(1-indanyl)-ammonium hydrochloride N-methyl-N-propargyl-(1-indanyl)-ammonium hydrochloride: RN given refers to HCl	3.77	3	0
ym 09151-2 nemonapride: structure in first source; RN given refers to compound with no isomeric designation. nemonapride : A racemate composed of (2S,3S)- and (2R,3R)-enantiomers of nemonapride. Highly potent dopamine D2-like receptor antagonist; selective over D1-like receptors (Ki values are 0.1 and 740 nM for D2-like and D1-like receptors respectively). Also potent 5-HT1A receptor agonist (IC50 = 34 nM) and has affinity for sigma receptors.. (2R,3R)-nemonapride : An optically active form of nemonapride having (2R,3R)-configuration.	1.97	1	0	N-(1-benzyl-2-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-5-chloro-2-methoxy-4-(methylamino)benzamide
alpha-methylhistamine (R)-alpha-methylhistamine : An aralkylamino compound that is histamine bearing a methyl substituent at the alpha-position (the R-enantiomer).	2.05	1	0	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	H3-receptor agonist
hydroxyl radical Hydroxyl Radical: The univalent radical OH. Hydroxyl radical is a potent oxidizing agent.	2.9	4	0	oxygen hydride; oxygen radical; reactive oxygen species
md 780236 MD 780236: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source for (+-)-isomer; MD 780236; (R)-somer: MD 240928; (S)-isomer: MD 240931	2.65	3	0
o-desmethylindomethacin 1-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-5-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-indoleacetic acid: has insulin sensitizing and glucose lowering activity; structure in first source	1.97	1	0
diallyl sulfone diallyl sulfone: metabolite of diallyl sulfide	3.12	1	0
benzo-tepa benzo-tepa: structure	2.04	1	0
tevenel tevenel: sulfamoyl analog of D-threo-chloramphenicol; structure	2.04	1	0	sulfonamide
corydalmine corydalmine: antagonizes dopamine receptors; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (S)-isomer	2.17	1	0
tac 278 TAC 278: prodrug of 5-fluorouracil; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	2.04	1	0
substance p, sar(9)-met(o2)(11)- substance P, Sar(9)-Met(O2)(11)-: a neurokinin-1 receptor agonist	2.05	1	0
rs 8359 RS 8359: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (+-)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 6/89	2.38	2	0
4-methyl-alpha-ethyl-m-tyramine 4-methyl-alpha-ethyl-m-tyramine: serotonin-releasing agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.97	1	0
aminopterin Aminopterin: A folic acid derivative used as a rodenticide that has been shown to be teratogenic.	2.04	1	0	dicarboxylic acid	EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; mutagen
varenicline Varenicline: A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.. varenicline : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that acts as a partial agonist for nicotinic cholinergic receptors and is used (in the form of its tartate salt) as an aid to giving up smoking.	2.06	1	0
4-(5,6-dimethyl-2-benzofuranyl)piperidine 4-(5,6-dimethyl-2-benzofuranyl)piperidine: selective inhibitor of serotonin uptake in rat brain; NM refers to HCl; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.36	2	0
(4r)-3-((2s)-3-mercapto-2-methylpropanoyl)-4- thiazolidinecarboxylic acid [no description available]	2.04	1	0
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	1.97	1	0	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
atropine tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.	2.45	2	0
sb 203580 [no description available]	2.05	1	0	imidazoles; monofluorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfoxide	EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
corynoline corynoline : A benzophenanthridine alkaloid that is chelidonine substituted by a methyl group at position 13. Isolated from the aerial parts of Corydalis incisa, it acts as an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and also exhibits antineoplastic and hepatoprotective activity.	2.17	1	0	benzophenanthridine alkaloid; cyclic acetal; isoquinolines; organic heterohexacyclic compound; secondary alcohol	antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; metabolite
antalarmin antalarmin : A pyrrolopyrimidine that is 7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2, 5, and 6, by a mesityl group at position 7, and in which the amino substituent at position 4 has been substituted by ethyl and butyl groups. It is an antagonist of corticotropin-releasing factor 1 (CRF-1) receptors (Ki = 1 nM).	2.02	1	0	pyrrolopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound	corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist
l 694,458 DMP 777: structure given in first source	3.12	1	0
limonin [no description available]	3.12	1	0	epoxide; furans; hexacyclic triterpenoid; lactone; limonoid; organic heterohexacyclic compound	inhibitor; metabolite; volatile oil component
Chromone-3-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.05	1	0	chromones
9-ethynylphenanthrene 9-ethynylphenanthrene: structure given in first source	3.12	1	0
monoacetylcadaverine monoacetylcadaverine: found in higher levels in blood of schizophrenic patients; substrate for rat liver monoamine oxidase & hog kidney diamine oxidase; RN from Vol 90, CA Chem Form Index. N-acetylcadaverine : An N-substituted cadaverine that is cadaverine in which one of the amino groups has been converted to the corresponding acetamide.	1.95	1	0	acetamides; N-substituted cadaverine; primary amino compound; secondary carboxamide	human metabolite
deflazacort deflazacort: structure	2.04	1	0	corticosteroid hormone
dihydrocubebin dihydrocubebin: extract of leaves of Piper guineense Schum. & Thonn.; structure. dihydrocubebin : A glycol that is butane-1,4-diol substituted at the 2- and 3-positions by (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl groups (the R,R-configuration).	3.12	1	0	benzodioxoles; butanediols; glycol; lignan
hexestrol diphosphate [no description available]	2.04	1	0
carbocysteine Carbocysteine: A compound formed when iodoacetic acid reacts with sulfhydryl groups in proteins. It has been used as an anti-infective nasal spray with mucolytic and expectorant action.. S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine : An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a carboxymethyl group.	2.04	1	0	L-cysteine thioether; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	mucolytic
nantenine nantenine: from Nandina domestica Thundberg; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source	7.01	1	0	oxoaporphine alkaloid	metabolite
hydrastine [no description available]	3.12	1	0	isoquinolines	metabolite
desmethylselegiline desmethylselegiline: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	1.97	1	0
troleandomycin Troleandomycin: A macrolide antibiotic that is similar to ERYTHROMYCIN.. troleandomycin : A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic obtained by acetylation of the three free hydroxy groups of oleandomycin. Troleandomycin is only found in individuals that have taken the drug.	3.12	1	0	acetate ester; epoxide; macrolide antibiotic; monosaccharide derivative; polyketide; semisynthetic derivative	EC 1.14.13.97 (taurochenodeoxycholate 6alpha-hydroxylase) inhibitor; xenobiotic
tv3326 [no description available]	2.77	3	0	indanes
atorvastatin calcium 2-phenyl-2-(1-piperidinyl)propane: cytochromes P450 2B1 and P450 2B6 antagonist; structure in first source	3.12	1	0
sorafenib [no description available]	3.51	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
demecolcine Demecolcine: An alkaloid isolated from Colchicum autumnale L. and used as an antineoplastic.. (-)-demecolcine : A secondary amino compound that is (S)-colchicine in which the N-acetyl group is replaced by an N-methyl group. Isolable from the autumn crocus, Colchicum autumnale, it is less toxic than colchicine and is used as an antineoplastic.	2.04	1	0	alkaloid; secondary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; microtubule-destabilising agent
propargylamine propargylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	7.67	3	0
benzofurans Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.	3.6	9	0
nsc-89199 estramustine phosphate : A steroid phosphate which is the 17-O-phospho derivative of estramustine.	2.04	1	0	carbamate ester; organochlorine compound; steroid phosphate
estramustine Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.	2.04	1	0	17beta-hydroxy steroid; carbamate ester; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; radiation protective agent
phenethicillin phenethicillin: minor descriptor (85); major descriptor (63-84); on-line search PENICILLIN, PHENOXYMETHYL/AA (66-85); Index Medicus search PHENETHICILLIN (63-84); RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer. phenethicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-phenoxypropanamido group.	2.04	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin
indicine-n-oxide indicine-N-oxide: RN given refers to (1R-(1alpha,7(2R,3S),7abeta))-isomer; structure	2.04	1	0
menthofuran menthofuran: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; derives from cyclization of pulegone. menthofuran : A monoterpenoid that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-benzofuran substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 6.	3.12	1	0	1-benzofurans; monoterpenoid	nematicide; plant metabolite
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.	2.04	1	0
ritonavir Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.	3.12	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; carbamate ester; carboxamide; L-valine derivative; ureas	antiviral drug; environmental contaminant; HIV protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
lithium chloride Lithium Chloride: A salt of lithium that has been used experimentally as an immunomodulator.. lithium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a Li(+) counterion.	1.97	1	0	inorganic chloride; lithium salt	antimanic drug; geroprotector
s-adenosylhomocysteine S-Adenosylhomocysteine: 5'-S-(3-Amino-3-carboxypropyl)-5'-thioadenosine. Formed from S-adenosylmethionine after transmethylation reactions.. S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine : An organic sulfide that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-homocysteine.	2.41	1	0	adenosines; amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine derivative; homocysteines; organic sulfide	cofactor; EC 2.1.1.72 [site-specific DNA-methyltransferase (adenine-specific)] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.79 (cyclopropane-fatty-acyl-phospholipid synthase) inhibitor; epitope; fundamental metabolite
glycogen glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.	6.95	1	0
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	1.95	1	0	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
oxytocin Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.	2.04	1	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone	oxytocic; vasodilator agent
ouabain Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.	2.04	1	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 5beta-hydroxy steroid; alpha-L-rhamnoside; cardenolide glycoside; steroid hormone	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; ion transport inhibitor; plant metabolite
taxifolin (+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration.	2.05	1	0	taxifolin	metabolite
pentostatin Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia.	2.04	1	0	coformycins	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; Aspergillus metabolite; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
monoiodotyrosine Monoiodotyrosine: A product from the iodination of tyrosine. In the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones (THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE), tyrosine is first iodized to monoiodotyrosine.. iodotyrosine : A tyrosine derivative which has at least one iodo-substituent on the benzyl moiety.. monoiodotyrosine : An iodotyrosine carrying a single iodo substituent.. 3-iodo-L-tyrosine : The monoiodotyrosine that is L-tyrosine carrying an iodo-substituent at position C-3 of the benzyl group.	2.7	3	0	amino acid zwitterion; L-tyrosine derivative; monoiodotyrosine; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dehydroascorbic acid Dehydroascorbic Acid: The reversibly oxidized form of ascorbic acid. It is the lactone of 2,3-DIKETOGULONIC ACID and has antiscorbutic activity in man on oral ingestion.. L-dehydroascorbate : An organic anion and the conjugate base of L-dehydroascorbic acid, arising from deprotonation of the acidic C2-position.. L-dehydroascorbic acid : Dehydroascorbic acid having the L-configuration.	2	1	0	dehydroascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; mouse metabolite
strychnine Strychnine: An alkaloid found in the seeds of STRYCHNOS NUX-VOMICA. It is a competitive antagonist at glycine receptors and thus a convulsant. It has been used as an analeptic, in the treatment of nonketotic hyperglycinemia and sleep apnea, and as a rat poison.. strychnine : A monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that is strychnidine bearing a keto substituent at the 10-position.	2.42	2	0	monoterpenoid indole alkaloid; organic heteroheptacyclic compound	avicide; cholinergic antagonist; glycine receptor antagonist; neurotransmitter agent; rodenticide
quinidine Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.	2.03	1	0	cinchona alkaloid	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker
cefoxitin Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.. cefoxitin : A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase.	2.04	1	0	beta-lactam antibiotic allergen; cephalosporin; cephamycin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
digitoxin Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.	2.04	1	0	cardenolide glycoside	EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.	3.12	1	0	L-asparagine derivative; quinolines	antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor
pentazocine Pentazocine: The first mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic to be marketed. It is an agonist at the kappa and sigma opioid receptors and has a weak antagonist action at the mu receptor. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1991, p97)	3.55	2	0	benzazocine
netilmicin Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.	2.04	1	0
bacampicillin bacampicillin: ester prodrug that is hydrolyzed to ampicillin after its absorption from the gastrointestinal tract; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. bacampicillin : A penicillanic acid ester that is the 1-ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ester of ampicillin. It is a semi-synthetic, microbiologically inactive prodrug of ampicillin.	2.04	1	0	penicillanic acid ester	prodrug
linezolid [no description available]	2.03	1	0	acetamides; morpholines; organofluorine compound; oxazolidinone	antibacterial drug; protein synthesis inhibitor
decursin decursin: activates protein kinase C; isolated from the root of Angelica gigas; RN given for (S)-isomer; structure in first source	2.88	3	0	coumarins
angustibalin angustibalin: sesquiterpene lactone from Balduina angustifolia (Pursh) Robins; structure	2.04	1	0	sesquiterpene lactone
picrotoxinin [no description available]	2.45	2	0	epoxide; gamma-lactone; organic heteropentacyclic compound; picrotoxane sesquiterpenoid; tertiary alcohol	GABA antagonist; plant metabolite; serotonergic antagonist
yatein yatein: isolated from Anthriscus sylvestris; structure in first source. dihydroanhydropodorhizol : A member of the class of butan-4-olides carrying 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl and (1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)methyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively.	3.12	1	0	benzodioxoles; butan-4-olide; lignan; methoxybenzenes	plant metabolite
hinokinin hinokinin: suppresses expression of both HBsAg and HBeAg. hinokinin : A lignan that is dihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (gamma-butyrolactone) substituted by a 3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl group at positions 3 and 4 (the 3R,4R-diastereoisomer).	3.12	1	0	benzodioxoles; gamma-lactone; lignan	trypanocidal drug
devazepide Devazepide: A derivative of benzodiazepine that acts on the cholecystokinin A (CCKA) receptor to antagonize CCK-8's (SINCALIDE) physiological and behavioral effects, such as pancreatic stimulation and inhibition of feeding.. devazepide : An indolecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-2-carboxylic acid with the exocyclic amino group of (3S)-3-amino-1-methyl-5-phenyl-1,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A cholecystokinin antagonist used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.	2.04	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; indolecarboxamide	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; cholecystokinin antagonist; gastrointestinal drug
ergonovine Ergonovine: An ergot alkaloid (ERGOT ALKALOIDS) with uterine and VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE contractile properties.. ergometrine : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is lysergamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-hydroxypropan-2-yl group (S-configuration). An ergot alkaloid that has a particularly powerful action on the uterus, its maleate (and formerly tartrate) salt is used in the active management of the third stage of labour, and to prevent or treat postpartum of postabortal haemorrhage caused by uterine atony: by maintaining uterine contraction and tone, blood vessels in the uterine wall are compressed and blood flow reduced.	1.97	1	0	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotetracyclic compound; primary alcohol; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	diagnostic agent; fungal metabolite; oxytocic; toxin
metrizamide Metrizamide: A solute for density gradient centrifugation offering higher maximum solution density without the problems of increased viscosity. It is also used as a resorbable, non-ionic contrast medium.	2.04	1	0	amino sugar
vinpocetine vinpocetine: whole issue of Arzneim Forsch (23 articles) discuss this drug; Arzneim Forsch 26(10a);1976; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	7.43	2	0	alkaloid	geroprotector
phosphoramidon phosphoramidon: a membrane metallo-endopeptidase & endothelin-converting enzyme inhibitor; thermolysin inhibitor from culture filtrate of Streptomyces tanashiensis; structure. phosphoramidon : A dipeptide isolated from the cultures of Streptomyces tanashiensis.	2.04	1	0	deoxyaldohexose phosphate; dipeptide	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.4.24.11 (neprilysin) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.71 (endothelin-converting enzyme 1) inhibitor
resveratrol trans-resveratrol : A resveratrol in which the double bond has E configuration.	4.39	3	0	resveratrol	antioxidant; phytoalexin; plant metabolite; quorum sensing inhibitor; radical scavenger
retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).	2.04	1	0	retinol; vitamin A	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
tacrolimus Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.	2.1	1	0	macrolide lactam	bacterial metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
ferulic acid ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.	2.25	1	0	ferulic acids	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite
cocaine Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.	5.24	12	1	benzoate ester; methyl ester; tertiary amino compound; tropane alkaloid	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; central nervous system stimulant; dopamine uptake inhibitor; environmental contaminant; local anaesthetic; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; serotonin uptake inhibitor; sodium channel blocker; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent; xenobiotic
mycophenolic acid Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.	2.04	1	0	2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols	anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic
clindamycin Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.	2.04	1	0
fosfomycin Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.	2.04	1	0	epoxide; phosphonic acids	antimicrobial agent; EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
formycin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	formycin	antineoplastic agent
adenosine-5'-(n-ethylcarboxamide) Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxamide): A stable adenosine A1 and A2 receptor agonist. Experimentally, it inhibits cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterase activity.. N-ethyl-5'-carboxamidoadenosine : A derivative of adenosine in which the 5'-hydroxymethyl group is replaced by an N-ethylcarboxamido group.	2.45	2	0	adenosines; monocarboxylic acid amide	adenosine A1 receptor agonist; adenosine A2A receptor agonist; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor; vasodilator agent
decitabine [no description available]	2.08	1	0	2'-deoxyribonucleoside
teniposide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	aromatic ether; beta-D-glucoside; cyclic acetal; furonaphthodioxole; gamma-lactone; monosaccharide derivative; phenols; thiophenes	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
cefamandole Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin; semisynthetic derivative	antibacterial drug
tiazofurin tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).	2.04	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; C-glycosyl compound; monocarboxylic acid amide	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; prodrug
azaserine Azaserine: Antibiotic substance produced by various Streptomyces species. It is an inhibitor of enzymatic activities that involve glutamine and is used as an antineoplastic and immunosuppressive agent.. azaserine : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of diazoacetic acid with the alcoholic hydroxy group of L-serine. An antibiotic produced by a Streptomyces species.	2.04	1	0	carboxylic ester; diazo compound; L-serine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	antifungal agent; antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; glutamine antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
melphalan Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.	2.04	1	0	L-phenylalanine derivative; nitrogen mustard; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organochlorine compound	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; drug allergen; immunosuppressive agent
enkephalin, leucine Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties.	1.96	1	0	pentapeptide; peptide zwitterion	analgesic; delta-opioid receptor agonist; human metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; rat metabolite
7-methoxyflavone 7-methoxyflavone: an aromatase inhibitor	2.05	1	0	ether; flavonoids
8-prenylnaringenin 8-prenylnaringenin: a phytogenic antineoplastic agent; structure in first source. sophoraflavanone B : A trihydroxyflavanone that is (S)-naringenin having a prenyl group at position 8.	2.13	1	0	(2S)-flavan-4-one; 4'-hydroxyflavanones; trihydroxyflavanone	plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor
2-methyl-5-(4-methylanilino)-1,3-benzothiazole-4,7-dione [no description available]	2.41	1	0	aminotoluene
riboflavin vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).	1.96	1	0	flavin; vitamin B2	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; food colouring; fundamental metabolite; human urinary metabolite; mouse metabolite; photosensitizing agent; plant metabolite
ranbezolid ranbezolid: structure in first source	2.03	1	0
dipyrone Dipyrone: A drug that has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is the sodium sulfonate of AMINOPYRINE.. metamizole sodium : An organic sodium salt of antipyrine substituted at C-4 by a methyl(sulfonatomethyl)amino group, commonly used as a powerful analgesic and antipyretic.	2.04	1	0	organic sodium salt	anti-inflammatory agent; antipyretic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug; prodrug
Tetrahydropiperine [no description available]	2.07	1	0	benzodioxoles
ar-c239 AR-C239: structure given in first source; alpha(2B)-selective adrenoreceptor	2	1	0	piperazines
4-[[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]methyl]-2,6-ditert-butylphenol [no description available]	2.04	1	0	alkylbenzene
aceglatone aceglatone: structure in Merck	2.04	1	0	organic molecular entity
carbenoxolone [no description available]	2.04	1	0
glycosides [no description available]	1.96	1	0
chalcone trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.	2.05	1	0	chalcone	EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
isomethyleugenol Methylation: Addition of methyl groups. In histo-chemistry methylation is used to esterify carboxyl groups and remove sulfate groups by treating tissue sections with hot methanol in the presence of hydrochloric acid. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	3.23	6	0	isomethyleugenol
piperine piperine : A N-acylpiperidine that is piperidine substituted by a (1E,3E)-1-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-5-oxopenta-1,3-dien-5-yl group at the nitrogen atom. It is an alkaloid isolated from the plant Piper nigrum.	2.8	3	0	benzodioxoles; N-acylpiperidine; piperidine alkaloid; tertiary carboxamide	food component; human blood serum metabolite; NF-kappaB inhibitor; plant metabolite
stilbenes Stilbenes: Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group.. trans-stilbene : The trans-isomer of stilbene.	2.03	1	0	stilbene
4'-methoxychalcone 4'-methoxychalcone: RN given refers to compound with no isomeric designation	2.11	1	0	chalcones
flavin-adenine dinucleotide Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide: A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)	3.24	6	0	flavin adenine dinucleotide; vitamin B2	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prosthetic group
cannabidiol Cannabidiol: Compound isolated from Cannabis sativa extract.. cannabidiol : An cannabinoid that is cyclohexene which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1, a 2,6-dihydroxy-4-pentylphenyl group at position 3, and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4.	3.12	1	0	olefinic compound; phytocannabinoid; resorcinols	antimicrobial agent; plant metabolite
amygdalin (R)-amygdalin : An amygdalin in which the stereocentre on the cyanohydrin function has R-configuration.	2.04	1	0	amygdalin	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
mitobronitol Mitobronitol: Brominated analog of MANNITOL which is an antineoplastic agent appearing to act as an alkylating agent.	2.04	1	0	alcohol; organobromine compound
leuprolide Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.. leuprolide : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, D-leucyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the acetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.	2.04	1	0	oligopeptide	anti-estrogen; antineoplastic agent; gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
octotropine methylbromide octotropine methylbromide: minor descriptor (65-86); on line & INDEX MEDICUS search TROPANES (69-86); RN given refers to endo-isomer. anisotropine methylbromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of anisotropine with methyl bromide.	2.04	1	0
fludarabine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	purine nucleoside
propylthiouracil Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.	2.04	1	0	pyrimidinethione	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antimetabolite; antioxidant; antithyroid drug; carcinogenic agent; EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; hormone antagonist
methylatropine nitrate [no description available]	2.04	1	0
7-diethylaminocoumarin-3-carboxylic acid [no description available]	2.06	1	0
mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.	2.04	1	0	aryl thiol; purines; thiocarbonyl compound	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
bemesetron [no description available]	2.04	1	0
thioinosine Thioinosine: Sulfhydryl analog of INOSINE that inhibits nucleoside transport across erythrocyte plasma membranes, and has immunosuppressive properties. It has been used similarly to MERCAPTOPURINE in the treatment of leukemia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p503)	2.04	1	0
phenylthiazolylthiourea Phenylthiazolylthiourea: A dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor.	1.96	1	0
alpha-naphthyl thiourea alpha-naphthyl thiourea: structure	1.96	1	0	naphthalenes
huperzine a [no description available]	2.17	1	0	organic heterotricyclic compound; primary amino compound; pyridone; sesquiterpene alkaloid	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; nootropic agent; plant metabolite
7-methoxy-2-oxo-1-benzopyran-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester [no description available]	2.06	1	0	coumarins
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	5.38	15	0	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
benztropine Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.	1.96	1	0	diarylmethane
thiouracil Thiouracil: Occurs in seeds of Brassica and Crucifera species. Thiouracil has been used as antithyroid, coronary vasodilator, and in congestive heart failure although its use has been largely supplanted by other drugs. It is known to cause blood dyscrasias and suspected of terato- and carcinogenesis.. thiouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the oxo group at C-2 is replaced by a thioxo group.	2.04	1	0	nucleobase analogue; thiocarbonyl compound	antithyroid drug; metabolite
methimazole Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.	3.8	3	0	1,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thiones	antithyroid drug
capsaicin ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.	3.53	2	0	capsaicinoid	non-narcotic analgesic; TRPV1 agonist; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
aurapten aurapten: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. auraptene : A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a geranyl group. Ii is isolated from several edible fruits and vegetables and exhibits a variety of therapeutic properties.	2.13	1	0	coumarins; monoterpenoid	antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; dopaminergic agent; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; gamma-secretase modulator; gastrointestinal drug; hepatoprotective agent; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; PPARalpha agonist; vulnerary
3-acetyl-7-methoxycoumarin 3-acetyl-7-methoxycoumarin: structure in first source	2.06	1	0	coumarins
thioguanine anhydrous Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.	2.04	1	0	2-aminopurines	anticoronaviral agent; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.	3.52	2	0	one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas	antioxidant; chromophore
digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.	2.04	1	0	cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope
6-thioguanosine 6-thioguanosine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.04	1	0	purine nucleoside
streptozocin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
tamoxifen [no description available]	3.12	1	0	stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound	angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator
nadp [no description available]	2.69	3	0
ethionamide Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.	2.04	1	0	pyridines; thiocarboxamide	antilipemic drug; antitubercular agent; fatty acid synthesis inhibitor; leprostatic drug; prodrug
lincomycin Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.	2.04	1	0	carbohydrate-containing antibiotic; L-proline derivative; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide; S-glycosyl compound	antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
thiocarlide thiocarlide: major descriptor (68-85); on-line search PHENYLTHIOUREA/AA (68-85); Index Medicus search THIOCARLIDE (68-85); Antitubercular Agent	2.04	1	0	thioureas
4-diphenylacetoxy-n-methylpiperidine methiodide 4-DAMP methiodide : A quaternary ammonium salt obtained by combining equimolar amounts of 4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine and iodomethane.	2.45	2	0	iodide salt; quaternary ammonium salt	cholinergic antagonist; muscarinic antagonist
lithium Lithium: An element in the alkali metals family. It has the atomic symbol Li, atomic number 3, and atomic weight [6.938; 6.997]. Salts of lithium are used in treating BIPOLAR DISORDER.	8.08	17	3	alkali metal atom
mannomustine Mannomustine: Nitrogen mustard derivative alkylating agent used as antineoplastic. It causes severe bone marrow depression and is a powerful vesicant.	2.04	1	0	amino alcohol
gestodene Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer	3.53	2	0	steroid	estrogen
glucametacin glucametacin: indomethacin analog; structure	2.04	1	0
1-(2-(2-(4-pyridyl)-2-imidazoline-1-yl)ethyl)-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)urea 1-(2-(2-(4-pyridyl)-2-imidazoline-1-yl)ethyl)-3-(4-carboxyphenyl)urea: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	2.04	1	0
md 230254 5-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-3-(2-cyanoethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2(3H)-one: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
desdimethyltamoxifen N,N-didesmethyltamoxifen: structure in first source	3.12	1	0	stilbenoid
cystine [no description available]	2	1	0
u-50488 3,4-Dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide, (trans)-Isomer: A non-peptide, kappa-opioid receptor agonist which has also been found to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropin (ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE) via the release of hypothalamic arginine vasopressin (ARGININE VASOPRESSIN) and CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. (From J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997;280(1):416-21). U50488 : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation between the carboxy group of 3,4-dichlorophenylacetic acid and the secondary amino group of (1R,2R)-N-methyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)cyclohexanamine	2.04	1	0	dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-alkylpyrrolidine	analgesic; antitussive; calcium channel blocker; diuretic; kappa-opioid receptor agonist
sch 23390 SCH 23390: a selective D1-receptor antagonist. SCH 23390 : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1, a methyl substituent at position 3, a chloro substituent at position 7 and a hydroxy substituent at position 8.	2.45	2	0	benzazepine
amiflamine amiflamine: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	8.58	9	0
rasagiline [no description available]	11.26	42	0	indanes; secondary amine; terminal acetylenic compound	EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
2-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline 2-(2-benzofuranyl)-2-imidazoline: structure given in first source	2.72	3	0	benzofurans
bakuchicin bakuchicin: a hepatoprotective compound of Psoralea corylifolia (Leguminosae); structure in first source	2.21	1	0
silybin [no description available]	3.12	1	0
ro 41-0960 [no description available]	1.97	1	0
6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione 6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione: A potent excitatory amino acid antagonist with a preference for non-NMDA iontropic receptors. It is used primarily as a research tool.	3.51	1	0	quinoxaline derivative
or486 OR486: structure given in first source	1.99	1	0
fg 9041 FG 9041: structure given in first source	3.51	1	0	quinoxaline derivative
alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.	1.96	1	0
rhodamine 123 Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene.	2.1	1	0	organic cation; xanthene dye	fluorochrome
tolcapone Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.	2.7	3	0	2-nitrophenols; benzophenones; catechols	antiparkinson drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
7-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-4-one [no description available]	2.05	1	0	ether; flavonoids
quercetin [no description available]	2.52	2	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
bergaptol 5-hydroxyfurocoumarin : A furanocoumarin which bears a hydroxy group at position 5.	3.12	1	0	5-hydroxyfurocoumarin; psoralens
formononetin [no description available]	2.13	1	0	4'-methoxyisoflavones; 7-hydroxyisoflavones	phytoestrogen; plant metabolite
acacetin 5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin.	2.58	2	0	dihydroxyflavone; monomethoxyflavone	anticonvulsant; plant metabolite
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	3.05	4	0	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
luteolin [no description available]	2.05	1	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
scopoletin [no description available]	2.21	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	plant growth regulator; plant metabolite
hymecromone Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID.	2.04	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	antineoplastic agent; hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor
alprostadil [no description available]	2.04	1	0	prostaglandins E	anticoagulant; human metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent
leukotriene d4 Leukotriene D4: One of the biologically active principles of SRS-A. It is generated from LEUKOTRIENE C4 after partial hydrolysis of the peptide chain, i.e., cleavage of the gamma-glutamyl portion. Its biological actions include stimulation of vascular and nonvascular smooth muscle, and increases in vascular permeability. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene D4 : A leukotriene that is (7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-icosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 5 (5S) and a L-cysteinylglycinyl group at position 6 (6R).	2.05	1	0	dipeptide; leukotriene; organic sulfide	bronchoconstrictor agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
harmine Harmine: Alkaloid isolated from seeds of PEGANUM HARMALA; ZYGOPHYLLACEAE. It is identical to banisterine, or telepathine, from Banisteria caapi and is one of the active ingredients of hallucinogenic drinks made in the western Amazon region from related plants. It has no therapeutic use, but (as banisterine) was hailed as a cure for postencephalitic PARKINSON DISEASE in the 1920's.. harmine : A harmala alkaloid in which the harman skeleton is methoxy-substituted at C-7.	2.66	3	0	harmala alkaloid	anti-HIV agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; metabolite
genistein [no description available]	2.55	2	0	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.	2.04	1	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite
entacapone entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.	2.67	3	0	2-nitrophenols; catechols; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
hispidol hispidol : A hydroxyaurone that is aurone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 6 and 4' respectively.	2.58	2	0	hydroxyaurone	plant metabolite
sulfuretin sulfuretin: the chalcone C ring closes into a 5 instead of the more typical 6 membered ring leaving a phenyl methane at the 2 position instead of the typical phenyl	2.17	1	0	1-benzofurans
kaempferide kaempferide: structure in first source. kaempferide : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-O-methyl derivative of kaempferol.	2.21	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	antihypertensive agent; metabolite
myricetin [no description available]	2.31	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
epsilon-viniferin epsilon-viniferin: stilbene dimer; isolated from the Oriental medicinal plant Vitis coignetiae; structure given in first source. (-)-trans-epsilon-viniferin : A stilbenoid that is the (-)-trans-stereoisomer of epsilon-viniferin, obtained by cyclodimerisation of trans-resveratrol.	2.48	2	0	1-benzofurans; polyphenol; stilbenoid	metabolite
cynarine cynarine: active principle of the artichoke; functions primarily as a cholagogue and choleretic and also as antilipemic agent	2.04	1	0	alkyl caffeate ester; quinic acid	plant metabolite
7432 s Ceftibuten: A cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.. ceftibuten : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-carboxybut-2-enoyl]amino substituent at the 7 position of the cephem skeleton. An orally-administered agent, ceftibuten is used as the dihydrate to treat urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin; dicarboxylic acid	antibacterial drug
4'-hydroxychalcone 4'-hydroxychalcone: inhibits TNFalpha-induced NF-κB activation; structure in first source. 4'-hydroxychalcone : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4'.	2.11	1	0	chalcones; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent
codeine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antitussive; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; opioid analgesic; opioid receptor agonist; prodrug; xenobiotic
cyclosporine ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF	2.04	1	0	homodetic cyclic peptide	anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite
dihydrocodeine dihydrocodeine: RN refers to parent cpd(5alpha,6alpha)-isomer	2.04	1	0	morphinane alkaloid
ly 163892 loracarbef: 1-carbacephem antibiotic; has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity; structure given in first source; carbacephems differ from cephalosporins in the substitution of a sulfur atom in the dihydrothiazine ring with a methylene group to form a tetrahydropyridine ring. loracarbef : A synthetic "carba" analogue of cefaclor, with carbon replacing sulfur at position 1. Used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	2.04	1	0	carbacephem; zwitterion	antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent
naloxone Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.	7.89	4	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary alcohol	antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist
morphine Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.	7.92	4	0	morphinane alkaloid; organic heteropentacyclic compound; tertiary amino compound	anaesthetic; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; geroprotector; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent; xenobiotic
pactamycin Pactamycin: Antibiotic produced by Streptomyces pactum used as an antineoplastic agent. It is also used as a tool in biochemistry because it inhibits certain steps in protein synthesis.	2.04	1	0
anthramycin [no description available]	2.04	1	0
istradefylline [no description available]	2.08	1	0	oxopurine
preclamol preclamol: centrally acting dopamine receptor agonist with selectivity for autoreceptors	1.97	1	0
lacidipine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cinnamate ester; tert-butyl ester
mdl 100907 Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists: Drugs that bind to but do not activate SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS, thereby blocking the actions of SEROTONIN or SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTOR AGONISTS. Included under this heading are antagonists for one or more specific 5-HT2 receptor subtypes.	2.46	2	0
cytochalasin b Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments.	2.04	1	0	cytochalasin; lactam; lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound	actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin; platelet aggregation inhibitor
ro 41-1049 Ro 41-1049: structure given in first source	3.26	6	0
piflutixol piflutixol: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym piflutixol refers to (Z)-isomer; structure	1.96	1	0
vinorelbine [no description available]	2.04	1	0	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
(3r)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone WIN 55212-2 : A organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5-methyl-3-(morpholin-4-ylmethyl)-2,3-dihydro[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-hi]indole substituted at position 6 by a 1-naphthylcarbonyl group.	2.05	1	0	morpholines; naphthyl ketone; organic heterotricyclic compound; synthetic cannabinoid	analgesic; apoptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
onapristone onapristone: induces vaginal bleeding and luteal regression in monkeys; structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist	3.12	1	0
1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.	2.17	1	0	phosphatidylcholine(1+)
irisquinone irisquinone: from seeds of Iris pallasii Iridaceae; RN given refers to (Z)-isomer	2.04	1	0
osthenol osthenol: structure in first source. osthenol : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 8 has been replaced by a prenyl group.	2.21	1	0	hydroxycoumarin	antifungal agent; plant metabolite
kaempferol-7-methyl ether rhamnocitrin : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 7-methyl ether derivative of kaempferol.	2.21	1	0	flavonols; monomethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	plant metabolite
fluvoxamine Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.	4.56	4	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; 5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime	antidepressant; anxiolytic drug; serotonin uptake inhibitor
lacinartin lacinartin: from Zanthoxylum schinifolium; structure in first source	2.21	1	0
semaxinib semaxanib : An oxindole that is 3-methyleneoxindole in which one of the hydrogens of the methylene group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethylpyrrol-2-yl group.	2.31	1	0	olefinic compound; oxindoles; pyrroles	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
mitoguazone Mitoguazone: Antineoplastic agent effective against myelogenous leukemia in experimental animals. Also acts as an inhibitor of animal S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase.. mitoguazone : A hydrazone obtained by formal condensation of the two carbonyl groups of methylglyoxal with the primary amino groups of two molecules of aminoguanidine.	2.04	1	0	guanidines; hydrazone	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 4.1.1.50 (adenosylmethionine decarboxylase) inhibitor
8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine: adenosine antagonist. 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine : Caffeine substituted at its 8-position by an (E)-3-chlorostyryl group.	2.5	2	0	monochlorobenzenes; trimethylxanthine	adenosine A2A receptor antagonist; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine: structure given in first source. 1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-5,5',6,6'-tetrachloroimidacarbocyanine : The cationic form of a C3 cyanine dye having 1,3-diethyl-5,6-dichloroindoleinine units at each end.	2.05	1	0	cyanine dye; indolium ion	fluorochrome
rubidium Rubidium: An element that is an alkali metal. It has an atomic symbol Rb, atomic number 37, and atomic weight 85.47. It is used as a chemical reagent and in the manufacture of photoelectric cells.	1.95	1	0	alkali metal atom
arsenic Arsenic: A shiny gray element with atomic symbol As, atomic number 33, and atomic weight 75. It occurs throughout the universe, mostly in the form of metallic arsenides. Most forms are toxic. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), arsenic and certain arsenic compounds have been listed as known carcinogens. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)	2.05	1	0	metalloid atom; pnictogen	micronutrient
alternariol monomethyl ether djalonensone : A benzochromenone that is alternariol in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been converted into the corresponding methyl ether. A natural product found in Chaetomium globosum as well as being one of the two most important compounds belonging to the group of Altenaria mycotoxins.	2.58	2	0	aromatic ether; benzochromenone	antifungal agent; fungal metabolite; mycotoxin
cefixime [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
ramipril Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.	2.04	1	0	azabicycloalkane; cyclopentapyrrole; dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide; ethyl ester	bradykinin receptor B2 agonist; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor; prodrug
indinavir sulfate Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.	3.12	1	0	dicarboxylic acid diamide; N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine; piperazinecarboxamide	HIV protease inhibitor
zimeldine Zimeldine: One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)	5.77	8	3	styrenes
piperic acid piperinic acid: from Piper longum; structure in first source. (E,E)-piperic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is (E)-penta-2,4-dienoic acid substituted by a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 5. It has been isolated from black pepper (Piper nigrum).	2.53	2	0	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; benzodioxoles	plant metabolite
jaceosidin jaceosidin : A trihydroxyflavone that is flavone with hydroxy groups at positions 5, 7 and 4' and methoxy groups at positions 3' and 6. Isolated from Salvia tomentosa and Artemisia asiatica, it exhibits anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and apoptosis inducing activties.	2.05	1	0	dimethoxyflavone; trihydroxyflavone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite
veratrine Veratrine: A voltage-gated sodium channel activator.	2.37	2	0	alkaloid
enalapril Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).	2.04	1	0	dicarboxylic acid monoester; dipeptide	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; geroprotector; prodrug
nitrofurazone Nitrofurazone: A topical anti-infective agent effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is used for superficial WOUNDS AND INJURIES and skin infections. Nitrofurazone has also been administered orally in the treatment of TRYPANOSOMIASIS.. nitrofurazone : A semicarbazone resulting from the formal condensation of semicarbazide with 5-nitrofuraldehyde. A broad spectrum antibacterial drug, although with little activity against Pseudomonas species, it is used as a local application for burns, ulcers, wounds and skin infections.	2.04	1	0
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).	1.95	1	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester	antigen; mouse metabolite
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	2.01	1	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
thyronines Thyronines: A group of metabolites derived from THYROXINE and TRIIODOTHYRONINE via the peripheral enzymatic removal of iodines from the thyroxine nucleus. Thyronine is the thyroxine nucleus devoid of its four iodine atoms.. thyronine : A tyrosine derivative where the phenolic hydrogen of tyrosine is substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl.	2.07	1	0	thyronine
enkephalin, ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly(5)- [no description available]	2.04	1	0	peptide
nitecapone nitecapone: structure given in first source	7.38	2	0	hydroxycinnamic acid
1,1'-diethyl-2,2'-cyanine pseudoisocyanine: metachromatic quinoline tissue stain; may polymerize to yield different colors; also used in fluorescence cytochemistry may bind to DNA; minor descriptor (79-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search QUINOLINES (79-86); RN given refers to parent cpd	2.31	1	0	1,1'-diethyl-2,2'-cyanine; quinolines
bergamottin bergamottin: constituent of bergamot oil; structure given in first source	3.12	1	0	furanocoumarin	metabolite
pepstatin pepstatin: inhibits the aspartic protease endothiapepsin	2.04	1	0	pentapeptide; secondary carboxamide	bacterial metabolite; EC 3.4.23.* (aspartic endopeptidase) inhibitor
cefuroxime [no description available]	2.04	1	0	3-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin; furans; oxime O-ether	drug allergen
ceftriaxone [no description available]	2.04	1	0	1,2,4-triazines; 1,3-thiazoles; cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
ceftazidime [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin; oxime O-ether	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
l 754394 L 754394: a potent and specific inhibitor of the HIV-1 protease; structure given in first source	3.12	1	0
monodehydroascorbate semidehydroascorbic acid: structure	2	1	0	organic radical	mouse metabolite
lofepramine hydrochloride [no description available]	3.51	1	0
n-(2-aminoethyl)-4-chlorobenzamide hydrochloride Ro 16-6491: structure given in first source	1.98	1	0
carbocyanines Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.	2.71	3	0	cyanine dye; organic iodide salt	fluorochrome
derricidin derricidin: from Lonchocarpus sericeus; structure in first source	2.05	1	0	chalcones
saralasin Saralasin: An octapeptide analog of angiotensin II (bovine) with amino acids 1 and 8 replaced with sarcosine and alanine, respectively. It is a highly specific competitive inhibitor of angiotensin II that is used in the diagnosis of HYPERTENSION.	2.45	2	0	oligopeptide
tetrodotoxin Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels.	2.68	3	0	azatetracycloalkane; oxatetracycloalkane; quinazoline alkaloid	animal metabolite; bacterial metabolite; marine metabolite; neurotoxin; voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
ceftiofur [no description available]	2.04	1	0
dihydroergotoxine Dihydroergotoxine: A mixture of three different hydrogenated derivatives of ERGOTAMINE: DIHYDROERGOCORNINE; DIHYDROERGOCRISTINE; and DIHYDROERGOCRYPTINE. Dihydroergotoxine has been proposed to be a neuroprotective agent and a nootropic agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic actions is not clear, but it can act as an alpha-adrenergic antagonist and a dopamine agonist. The methanesulfonate salts of this mixture of alkaloids are called ERGOLOID MESYLATES.	1.96	1	0
dizocilpine maleate Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid.	3.14	5	0	maleate salt; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
cilastatin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	carboxamide; L-cysteine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; organic sulfide	EC 3.4.13.19 (membrane dipeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; protease inhibitor; xenobiotic
sibiromycin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	aminoglycoside antibiotic; hemiaminal; phenols; pyrrolobenzodiazepine	antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite
mofegiline [no description available]	2.39	2	0
2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-fluoroallylamine 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-fluoroallylamine: structure & RN from first source; RN given refers to (E)-isomer	3.22	6	0
1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylserine 1,2-dioleoylphosphatidylserine: RN given in first source; RN given refers to (R-(Z,Z))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 6/90. 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-L-serine : A 3-sn-phosphatidyl L-serine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.. phosphatidylserine(18:1/18:1) : A 3-sn-phosphatidyl-L-serine in which the 1- and 2-acyl groups are octadecenoyl groups.	2.17	1	0	phosphatidylserine(18:1/18:1)	mouse metabolite
beta-fluoromethylene-3-tyrosine beta-fluoromethylene-3-tyrosine: structure given in first source	2.66	3	0
6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin: structure given in first source	3.12	1	0	psoralens
ceftizoxime [no description available]	2.04	1	0	cephalosporin	antibacterial drug
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide [no description available]	2.04	1	0	ergot alkaloid; monocarboxylic acid amide	serotonergic antagonist; sympatholytic agent; vasoconstrictor agent
nitrofurantoin Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.	2.04	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione; nitrofuran antibiotic; organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic	antibacterial drug; antiinfective agent; hepatotoxic agent
sb 269970 SB 269970: a 5-HT(7) antagonist; structure in first source	2.04	1	0	sulfonamide
butylscopolammonium bromide Butylscopolammonium Bromide: Antimuscarinic quaternary ammonium derivative of scopolamine used to treat cramps in gastrointestinal, urinary, uterine, and biliary tracts, and to facilitate radiologic visualization of the gastrointestinal tract.	2.04	1	0
ergoline Ergolines: A series of structurally-related alkaloids that contain the ergoline backbone structure.. ergoline : An indole alkaloid whose structural skeleton is found in many naturally occurring and synthetic ergolines which are known to bind to neurotransmitter receptors, such as dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin receptors and function as unselective agonists or antagonists at these receptors.	2.66	3	0	diamine; ergoline alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid; organic heterotetracyclic compound
fumagillin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	antibiotic antifungal drug; carboxylic ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; meroterpenoid; organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic; spiro-epoxide	angiogenesis inhibitor; antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; antiprotozoal drug; fungal metabolite; methionine aminopeptidase 2 inhibitor
thioacetazone Thioacetazone: A thiosemicarbazone that is used in association with other antimycobacterial agents in the initial and continuation phases of antituberculosis regimens. Thiacetazone containing regimens are less effective than the short-course regimen recommended by the International Union Against Tuberculosis and are used in some developing countries to reduce drug costs. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p217). thiosemicarbazone : A hydrazone resulting from the formal condensation of an aldehyde or ketone with the non-thioacylated nitrogen of thiosemicarbazide or its substituted derivatives.	2.04	1	0
n-(2-pyridone-6-yl)-n',n'-di-n-propylformamidine N-(2-pyridone-6-yl)-N',N'-di-n-propylformamidine: inhibitor of cerebral catechol O-methylation; structure given in first source	2.38	2	0	pyridone
pridopidine pridopidine: a dopamine stabilizer; structure in first source	3.35	1	0
r 121919 [no description available]	2.02	1	0
tqx 173 [no description available]	3.51	1	0
treosulfan treosulfan: immunosuppressant; RN given refers to (S-(R,R))-isomer	2.04	1	0	methanesulfonate ester
4-(3-pentylamino)-2,7-dimethyl-8-(2-methyl-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine 4-(3-pentylamino)-2,7-dimethyl-8-(2-methyl-4-methoxyphenyl)pyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine: an hCRF(1) antagonist; structure in first source	2.02	1	0
g(m2) ganglioside G(M2) Ganglioside: A glycosphingolipid that accumulates due to a deficiency of hexosaminidase A or B (BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES), or GM2 activator protein, resulting in GANGLIOSIDOSES, heredity metabolic disorders that include TAY-SACHS DISEASE and SANDHOFF DISEASE.. ganglioside GM2 (18:0) : A sialotriaosylceramide that is N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group on the sphingosine nitrogen is octadecanoyl. A constituent of natural ganglioside GM2.	1.97	1	0	N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine; sialotriaosylceramide	antigen
gentamicin sulfate [no description available]	2.04	1	0
sa 4503 [no description available]	3.35	1	0
dmp 696 DMP 696: a CRF(1) receptor antagonist; structure in first source	2.02	1	0
nkp 608 [no description available]	2.04	1	0
pf9601n [no description available]	2.1	1	0
3-iodothyronamine 3-iodothyronamine: a thyroid hormone derivative that may be involved in a fast response signaling pathway; structure in first source	2.07	1	0	aromatic ether
tetramethylrhodamine tetramethylrhodamine: RN given refers to perchlorate; structure	2.1	1	0	xanthene dye
g(m1) ganglioside G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.. ganglioside GM1 : A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-stearoylsphingosine via a beta-linkage.	1.97	1	0	alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine; sialotetraosylceramide
ganu GANU: differs from chlorozotocin by placement of cytotoxic group on C-1 of the glucose ring; less myelosuppressive than chlorozotocin; structure	2.04	1	0
aluminum oxide Aluminum Oxide: An oxide of aluminum, occurring in nature as various minerals such as bauxite, corundum, etc. It is used as an adsorbent, desiccating agent, and catalyst, and in the manufacture of dental cements and refractories.	1.95	1	0
2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1h-indole 2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)-1-phenyl-1H-indole: an imidazoline compound; structure given in first source	2	1	0
eledoisin Eledoisin: A peptide extracted from the posterior salivary glands of certain small octopi (Eledone spp., Mollusca), or obtained by synthesis. Its actions resemble those of SUBSTANCE P; it is a potent vasodilator and increases capillary permeability. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1364)	1.97	1	0	peptide
3,5-diethoxy-4-aminomethylpyridine 3,5-diethoxy-4-aminomethylpyridine: reversible inhibitor of benzylamine oxidase	2	1	0
oxadiazoles Oxadiazoles: Compounds containing five-membered heteroaromatic rings containing two carbons, two nitrogens, and one oxygen atom which exist in various regioisomeric forms.	2.02	1	0
metamelfalan [no description available]	2.04	1	0
brimonidine tartrate Brimonidine Tartrate: A quinoxaline derivative and ADRENERGIC ALHPA-2 RECEPTOR AGONIST that is used to manage INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE associated with OPEN-ANGLE GLAUCOMA and OCULAR HYPERTENSION.	1.98	1	0
veratridine Veratridine: A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal.	2	1	0
vindesine [no description available]	2.04	1	0
diflucortolone Diflucortolone: A topical glucocorticoid used in various DERMATOSES. It is absorbed through the skin, bound to plasma albumin, and may cause adrenal suppression. It is also administered as the valerate.	2.04	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
brl 15572 BRL 15572: specific for h5-HT(1D) receptors; structure in first source. 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol hydrochloride : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride salt of 3-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl]-1,1-diphenylpropan-2-ol. A selective h5-HT1D antagonist, displaying 60-fold selectivity over h5-HT1B, and exhibiting little or no affinity for a range of other receptor types.	2.02	1	0	hydrochloride	prodrug; serotonergic antagonist
sepharose agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages.	1.97	1	0
2-((3-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido)glucopyranose [no description available]	2.04	1	0
ro 6-4563 glibornuride: was MH 1975-92 (see under SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS 1975-90); use SULFONYLUREA COMPOUNDS to search GLIBORNURIDE 1975-92; an oral, sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent which stimulates insulin secretion	2.04	1	0	monoterpenoid
erythrosine Erythrosine: A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.. erythrosin B : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 2-(2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-6-oxido-3-oxo-8a,10a-dihydroxanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid.	2.05	1	0
lilopristone lilopristone: structure given in first source; progesterone antagonist	3.12	1	0
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	1.98	1	0	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
mdv 3100 [no description available]	2.94	3	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; benzamides; imidazolidinone; monofluorobenzenes; nitrile; thiocarbonyl compound	androgen antagonist; antineoplastic agent
azamulin azamulin: a Cyp3A inhibitor; structure in first source	3.12	1	0
dynorphins Dynorphins: A class of opioid peptides including dynorphin A, dynorphin B, and smaller fragments of these peptides. Dynorphins prefer kappa-opioid receptors (RECEPTORS, OPIOID, KAPPA) and have been shown to play a role as central nervous system transmitters.	1.98	1	0
somatostatin [no description available]	2.04	1	0	heterodetic cyclic peptide; peptide hormone
nociceptin [no description available]	2.45	2	0	organic molecular entity; polypeptide	human metabolite; rat metabolite
gastrins Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters.	1.96	1	0
glucagon Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.	2	1	0	peptide hormone
neuropeptide y Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones.	1.97	1	0
corticotropin-like intermediate lobe peptide Corticotropin-Like Intermediate Lobe Peptide: A peptide derived from the cleavage of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE, found primarily in the INTERMEDIATE LOBE OF PITUITARY but also in the ARCUATE NUCLEUS of basal HYPOTHALAMUS. Its sequence is identical to the C-terminal 22-amino acids of ACTH or ACTH 18-39.	1.97	1	0
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	3.99	4	0	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
flucloronide flucloronide: synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-83); on-line & Index Medicus search PREGNADIENETROLS (75-83); RN given refers to (6alpha,11beta,16alpha)-isomer; structure	2.04	1	0	21-hydroxy steroid
bucladesine Bucladesine: A cyclic nucleotide derivative that mimics the action of endogenous CYCLIC AMP and is capable of permeating the cell membrane. It has vasodilator properties and is used as a cardiac stimulant. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). bucladesine : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is the 2'-butanoate ester and 6-N-butanoyl derivative of 3',5'-cyclic AMP.	1.97	1	0	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide
chiniofon Hydroxyquinolines: The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses.	2.37	2	0
neurotensin neurotensin, Tyr(11)-: RN given refers to parent cpd & (D)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 5/91	2.04	1	0	peptide hormone	human metabolite; mitogen; neurotransmitter; vulnerary
hainanolide hainanolide: from bark of Cephalotaxux hainensis	2.04	1	0
cyclopentylidene-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl]hydrazone cyclopentylidene-[4-(4-chlorophenyl)thiazol-2-yl]hydrazone : A member of the class of 1,3-thiazole bearing 2-cyclopentylidenehydrazino and 4-chlorophenyl substituents at positions 2 and 4 respectively.	2.05	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; hydrazone; monochlorobenzenes	EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor
gliocladic acid gliocladic acid: from Gliocladium virens, Chaetomium globosum & Trichoderma viride; structure given in first source	2.04	1	0	p-menthane monoterpenoid
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	5.88	32	0
endothelins [no description available]	2.04	1	0
cleistanthin cleistanthin: lignan lactone toxic glycoside from Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb); structure. cleistanthin A : A member of the class of cleistanthins that is the 4-O-3,4-di-O-methyl-beta-D-xylopyranoside of 1,3-dihydronaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4-ol which is substituted by an oxo group at position 1, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7, and a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 9. It is one of the toxic principles in Cleistanthus collinus.	2.04	1	0	cleistanthins; xylose derivative	alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic
LSM-2536 [no description available]	3.51	1	0	piperazines
exenatide Exenatide: A synthetic form of exendin-4, a 39-amino acid peptide isolated from the venom of the Gila monster lizard (Heloderma suspectum). Exenatide increases CYCLIC AMP levels in pancreatic acinar cells and acts as a GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR (GLP-1) agonist and incretin mimetic, enhancing insulin secretion in response to increased glucose levels; it also suppresses inappropriate glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying. It is used an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity agent.	2.07	1	0
unc 0638 UNC 0638: inhibits lysine methyltransferases G9a and GLP; structure in first source	2.41	1	0	quinazolines
nimorazole [no description available]	2.04	1	0
vasoactive intestinal peptide Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide: A highly basic, 28 amino acid neuropeptide released from intestinal mucosa. It has a wide range of biological actions affecting the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and respiratory systems and is neuroprotective. It binds special receptors (RECEPTORS, VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE).	2.39	2	0
N-[2-(3-oxo-4H-quinoxalin-2-yl)-4-propan-2-ylphenyl]-2-thiophenecarboxamide [no description available]	3.51	1	0	aromatic amide
ass234 [no description available]	2.1	1	0
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	4.48	7	0	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
novobiocin Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.	2.04	1	0	carbamate ester; ether; hexoside; hydroxycoumarin; monocarboxylic acid amide; monosaccharide derivative; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimicrobial agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.	2.04	1	0
chlortetracycline Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.	2.04	1	0
oxytetracycline, anhydrous Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.	2.04	1	0
minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.	2.04	1	0
salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.	1.98	1	0	monohydroxybenzoate	plant metabolite
piroxicam [no description available]	4.16	14	0	benzothiazine; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines	analgesic; antirheumatic drug; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
bactobolin bactobolin: from Pseudomonas sp. BN-183; has MF C14-H20-Cl2-N2-O6; RN given refers to parent cpd(R*)-isomer	2.04	1	0	amino acid amide
mobiflex tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.	2.04	1	0	heteroaryl hydroxy compound; monocarboxylic acid amide; pyridines; thienothiazine	antipyretic; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	3.9	3	0	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
demeclocycline Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.	3.49	2	0
pyrethrins [no description available]	2	1	0
gsk2879552 GSK2879552: inhibits lysine demethylase 1; structure in first source. GSK2879552 : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine substituted by (4-carboxyphenyl)methyl and {[(1R,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropyl]amino}methyl groups at positions 1 and 4, respectively. It is a potent and irreversible inhibitor of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1, also known as KDM1A). It was under clinical investigation for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and small cell lung carcinoma.	2.63	2	0	benzenes; benzoic acids; cyclopropanes; monocarboxylic acid; piperidines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.99.66 (lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A) inhibitor
cyclin d1 Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.	2.06	1	0
nitrophenols Nitrophenols: PHENOLS carrying nitro group substituents.	2.38	2	0
cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).	2	1	0
acyclovir Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.	2.04	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antimetabolite; antiviral drug
sapropterin sapropterin: RN given refers to parent cpd; co-factor required for catalytic activity of nitric oxide synthases. (6R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin : A 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin in which the stereocentre at position 6 has R-configuration.. sapropterin : A tetrahydropterin that is 2-amino-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridin-4(3H)-one in which a hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a 1,2-dihydroxypropyl group (6R,1'R,2'S-enantiomer).	1.98	1	0	5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin	coenzyme; cofactor; diagnostic agent; human metabolite
guanosine 5'-o-(3-thiotriphosphate) Guanosine 5'-O-(3-Thiotriphosphate): Guanosine 5'-(trihydrogen diphosphate), monoanhydride with phosphorothioic acid. A stable GTP analog which enjoys a variety of physiological actions such as stimulation of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins, phosphoinositide hydrolysis, cyclic AMP accumulation, and activation of specific proto-oncogenes.	2.41	2	0	nucleoside triphosphate analogue
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	2.04	1	0	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.	2.69	3	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; GABA antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; xenobiotic
dacarbazine (E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.	2.04	1	0	dacarbazine
ganciclovir [no description available]	2.04	1	0	2-aminopurines; oxopurine	antiinfective agent; antiviral drug
olanzapine Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.	2.05	1	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine	antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	2.41	2	0	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger
azaguanine Azaguanine: One of the early purine analogs showing antineoplastic activity. It functions as an antimetabolite and is easily incorporated into ribonucleic acids.. 8-azaguanine : A triazolopyrimidine that consists of 3,6-dihydro-7H-[1,2,3]triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine bearing amino and oxo substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively.	2.04	1	0	nucleobase analogue; triazolopyrimidines	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor
alanosine [no description available]	2.04	1	0
7-deazaguanosine 7-deazaguanosine: structure given in first source	2.04	1	0
pyrazofurin pirazofurin : A C-glycosyl compound that is 4-hydroxy-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group.	2.04	1	0	C-glycosyl compound; pyrazoles	antimetabolite; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 4.1.1.23 (orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase) inhibitor
n(10)-methylfolate [no description available]	2.04	1	0	folic acids
5-methyltetrahydrohomofolic acid 5-methyltetrahydrohomofolic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.04	1	0
methylaplysinopsin methylaplysinopsin: isolated from Dictyoceratid sponge Aplysinopsis reticulata; affects serotogenic neurotransmission; structure given in first source	2.07	1	0
aplysinopsin aplysinopsin: antineoplastic tryptophan deriv from Verongia spengetii (marine sponge); structure	2.07	1	0
ninopterin ninopterin: structure	2.04	1	0
eye [no description available]	3.06	5	0
carbidopa Carbidopa: An inhibitor of DOPA DECARBOXYLASE that prevents conversion of LEVODOPA to dopamine. It is used in PARKINSON DISEASE to reduce peripheral adverse effects of LEVODOPA. It has no anti-parkinson activity by itself.. carbidopa : The hydrate of 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.	2.89	4	0

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available]	5.01	34	0
Anasarca [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)	5.01	34	0
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.	2.03	1	0
Nerve Pain [description not available]	2.47	2	0
Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve.	2.47	2	0
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Malaria, Falciparum Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.	2.06	1	0
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available]	5.78	15	0
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	5.78	15	0
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available]	3.51	2	0
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.	3.51	2	0
Anemia, Fanconi [description not available]	2.13	1	0
Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)	2.13	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.91	4	0
Protein Aggregation, Pathological A biochemical phenomenon in which misfolded proteins aggregate either intra- or extracellularly. Triggered by factors such as MUTATION; POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS, and environmental stress, it is generally associated with ALZHEIMER DISEASE; PARKINSON DISEASE; HUNTINGTON DISEASE; and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.	2.59	2	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2.15	1	0
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2.15	1	0
Cognitive Decline [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Cognitive Dysfunction Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function.	2.17	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	4.64	26	0
Nervous System Disorders [description not available]	4.05	5	0
Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.	4.05	5	0
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.	2.17	1	0
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	3.38	7	0
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Itching [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	2.21	1	0
Pruritus An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.	2.21	1	0
Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism [description not available]	2.44	2	0
Parkinson Disease, Secondary Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)	2.44	2	0
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	2.25	1	0
Colorectal Cancer [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.	2.31	1	0
Cancer of Prostate [description not available]	2.87	3	0
Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.	2.87	3	0
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	3.61	3	0
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	3.61	3	0
Leucocythaemia [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)	2.41	1	0
Fasciola Infection [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Fascioliasis Liver disease caused by infections with parasitic flukes of the genus FASCIOLA, such as FASCIOLA HEPATICA.	2.6	1	0
Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available]	2.6	1	0
Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.	2.6	1	0
Cells, Neoplasm Circulating [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer [description not available]	2.63	2	0
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.	2.63	2	0
Disease Exacerbation [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular Enlargement of the RIGHT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is often attributed to PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.	2.31	1	0
Pulmonary Arterial Remodeling [description not available]	2.31	1	0
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension A progressive rare pulmonary disease characterized by high blood pressure in the PULMONARY ARTERY.	2.31	1	0
EBV Infections [description not available]	2.15	1	0
Granuloma, Hodgkin [description not available]	2.15	1	0
Hodgkin Disease A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen.	2.15	1	0
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).	2.15	1	0
Carcinogenesis The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.	2.21	1	0
Aggression Behavior which may be manifested by destructive and attacking action which is verbal or physical, by covert attitudes of hostility or by obstructionism.	4.03	5	0
Drug Withdrawal Symptoms [description not available]	2.69	3	0
Substance Withdrawal Syndrome Physiological and psychological symptoms associated with withdrawal from the use of a drug after prolonged administration or habituation. The concept includes withdrawal from smoking or drinking, as well as withdrawal from an administered drug.	2.69	3	0
Smoking Cessation Discontinuing the habit of SMOKING.	2.08	1	0
Alcohol Drinking Behaviors associated with the ingesting of ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, including social drinking.	2.44	2	0
Cardiac Failure [description not available]	2.48	2	0
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	2.48	2	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	2.1	1	0
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	2.1	1	0
Breast Cancer [description not available]	7.1	1	0
Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	2.1	1	0
Left Ventricular Dysfunction [description not available]	2.48	2	0
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Cirrhosis [description not available]	2.41	2	0
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	2.41	2	0
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall.	2.48	2	0
Diabetic Cardiomyopathies Diabetes complications in which VENTRICULAR REMODELING in the absence of CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS and hypertension results in cardiac dysfunctions, typically LEFT VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION. The changes also result in myocardial hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis and fibrosis, and collagen deposition due to impaired glucose tolerance.	2.11	1	0
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	2.11	1	0
Affective Disorders [description not available]	2.13	1	0
Akinetic-Rigid Variant of Huntington Disease [description not available]	2.13	1	0
Huntington Disease A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control; DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS; and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops, leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4)	7.13	1	0
Mood Disorders Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature.	2.13	1	0
Hyperactivity, Motor [description not available]	2.68	3	0
Serotonin Syndrome An adverse drug interaction characterized by altered mental status, autonomic dysfunction, and neuromuscular abnormalities. It is most frequently caused by use of both serotonin reuptake inhibitors and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, leading to excess serotonin availability in the CNS at the serotonin 1A receptor.	3.73	10	0
Hypothermia, Accidental [description not available]	2.42	2	0
Hypothermia Lower than normal body temperature, especially in warm-blooded animals.	2.42	2	0
Allodynia [description not available]	2.42	2	0
Alcohol-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy [description not available]	2.04	1	0
Encephalopathy, Toxic [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	5.24	20	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.05	1	0
Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.	2.05	1	0
Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.	2.05	1	0
Infections, Vibrio [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Synovioma [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Neoplasms, Nerve Sheath [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Desmoplastic Small Cell Tumor [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Rhabdomyosarcoma A malignant solid tumor arising from mesenchymal tissues which normally differentiate to form striated muscle. It can occur in a wide variety of sites. It is divided into four distinct types: pleomorphic, predominantly in male adults; alveolar (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, ALVEOLAR), mainly in adolescents and young adults; embryonal (RHABDOMYOSARCOMA, EMBRYONAL), predominantly in infants and children; and botryoidal, also in young children. It is one of the most frequently occurring soft tissue sarcomas and the most common in children under 15. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2186; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, pp1647-9)	2.06	1	0
Sarcoma, Synovial A malignant neoplasm arising from tenosynovial tissue of the joints and in synovial cells of tendons and bursae. The legs are the most common site, but the tumor can occur in the abdominal wall and other trunk muscles. There are two recognized types: the monophasic (characterized by sheaths of monotonous spindle cells) and the biphasic (characterized by slit-like spaces or clefts within the tumor, lined by cuboidal or tall columnar epithelial cells). These sarcomas occur most commonly in the second and fourth decades of life. (From Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1363)	2.06	1	0
Nerve Sheath Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from nerve sheaths formed by SCHWANN CELLS in the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM or by OLIGODENDROCYTES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, NEUROFIBROMA, and NEURILEMMOMA are relatively common tumors in this category.	2.06	1	0
Solitary Fibrous Tumors Rare neoplasms of mesenchymal origin, usually benign, and most commonly involving the PLEURA (see SOLITARY FIBROUS TUMOR, PLEURAL). They also are found in extrapleural sites.	2.06	1	0
Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor A rare, aggressive soft tissue sarcoma that primarily affects adolescents and young adults. It is most commonly found in the abdomen.	2.06	1	0
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.	2.07	1	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.	2.07	1	0
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	2.07	1	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	4.87	8	0
Blood Pressure, Low [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	4.87	8	0
Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients.	2.07	1	0
Complication, Postoperative [description not available]	2.07	1	0
Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.	2.07	1	0
Dyskinesia Syndromes [description not available]	2.69	3	0
Movement Disorders Syndromes which feature DYSKINESIAS as a cardinal manifestation of the disease process. Included in this category are degenerative, hereditary, post-infectious, medication-induced, post-inflammatory, and post-traumatic conditions.	2.69	3	0
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning Toxic asphyxiation due to the displacement of oxygen from oxyhemoglobin by carbon monoxide.	2.01	1	0
Autotomy Human [description not available]	2.01	1	0
Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.	4.4	22	0
Pyrexia [description not available]	2.92	4	0
Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process.	2.92	4	0
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	3.36	7	0
Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease [description not available]	2.41	2	0
Parkinsonian Disorders A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.	2.41	2	0
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	2.01	1	0
Decerebrate Posturing [description not available]	3.07	5	0
Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS.	2.69	3	0
Morphine Abuse [description not available]	2.38	2	0
Morphine Dependence Strong dependence, both physiological and emotional, upon morphine.	2.38	2	0
Brain Disorders [description not available]	2.05	1	0
Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.	2.05	1	0
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure [description not available]	2.41	2	0
Choline Deficiency A condition produced by a deficiency of CHOLINE in animals. Choline is known as a lipotropic agent because it has been shown to promote the transport of excess fat from the liver under certain conditions in laboratory animals. Combined deficiency of choline (included in the B vitamin complex) and all other methyl group donors causes liver cirrhosis in some animals. Unlike compounds normally considered as vitamins, choline does not serve as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)	2.03	1	0
Liver Steatosis [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.	2.03	1	0
Hepatitis INFLAMMATION of the LIVER.	2.03	1	0
Apnea, Sleep [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Sleep Apnea Syndromes Disorders characterized by multiple cessations of respirations during sleep that induce partial arousals and interfere with the maintenance of sleep. Sleep apnea syndromes are divided into central (see SLEEP APNEA, CENTRAL), obstructive (see SLEEP APNEA, OBSTRUCTIVE), and mixed central-obstructive types.	2.03	1	0
Inadequate Sleep [description not available]	3.28	2	0
Affective Psychosis, Bipolar [description not available]	8.14	10	5
Bipolar Disorder A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.	8.14	10	5
Depression, Endogenous [description not available]	9.6	26	7
Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.	9.6	26	7
Affective Disorders, Psychotic Disorders in which the essential feature is a severe disturbance in mood (depression, anxiety, elation, and excitement) accompanied by psychotic symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, gross impairment in reality testing, etc.	3.75	2	1
Adenoma, beta-Cell [description not available]	2.37	2	0
Island Cell Tumor [description not available]	2.36	2	0
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	2.65	3	0
Cancer of Pancreas [description not available]	2.37	2	0
Insulinoma A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA.	2.37	2	0
Adenoma, Islet Cell A benign tumor of the pancreatic ISLET CELLS. Usually it involves the INSULIN-producing PANCREATIC BETA CELLS, as in INSULINOMA, resulting in HYPERINSULINISM.	2.36	2	0
Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).	2.37	2	0
Claustrophobia [description not available]	2.88	1	0
Phobic Disorders Anxiety disorders in which the essential feature is persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that the individual feels compelled to avoid. The individual recognizes the fear as excessive or unreasonable.	2.88	1	0
Anankastic Personality [description not available]	4.83	4	2
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, thoughts, or images that are experienced as senseless or repugnant. Compulsions are repetitive and seemingly purposeful behavior which the individual generally recognizes as senseless and from which the individual does not derive pleasure although it may provide a release from tension.	9.83	4	2
Behavior Disorders [description not available]	3.28	2	0
Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function.	3.28	2	0
Edema, Pulmonary [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Thrombopenia [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Pulmonary Edema Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.	1.96	1	0
Thrombocytopenia A subnormal level of BLOOD PLATELETS.	1.96	1	0
Chronic Illness [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Dementia Praecox [description not available]	3.28	2	0
Delusional Disorder Disorder with presentation of a facade of coldness with characteristic pervasive mistrust and suspiciousness of others.	1.96	1	0
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	1.96	1	0
Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.	3.28	2	0
Absence Seizure [description not available]	2.88	4	0
Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.	2.88	4	0
Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available]	2.87	1	0
Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.	2.87	1	0
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	3.34	1	1
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	2.65	3	0
Dyskinesia, Medication-Induced [description not available]	1.95	1	0
Myoclonic Jerk [description not available]	3.57	3	0
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	6.32	8	2
Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)	1.95	1	0
Deficiency, Riboflavin [description not available]	1.95	1	0
Choreoathetosis Self-Mutilation Hyperuricemia Syndrome [description not available]	2.36	2	0
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome An inherited disorder transmitted as a sex-linked trait and caused by a deficiency of an enzyme of purine metabolism; HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE. Affected individuals are normal in the first year of life and then develop psychomotor retardation, extrapyramidal movement disorders, progressive spasticity, and seizures. Self-destructive behaviors such as biting of fingers and lips are seen frequently. Intellectual impairment may also occur but is typically not severe. Elevation of uric acid in the serum leads to the development of renal calculi and gouty arthritis. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp127)	2.36	2	0
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.	6.98	1	0
Anochlesia [description not available]	2.38	2	0
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	2.67	3	0
MPTP Neurotoxicity Syndrome [description not available]	2.89	4	0
Central Hypothyroidism [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Hypothyroidism A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction.	1.98	1	0
Brain Vascular Disorders [description not available]	2.38	2	0
Cerebrovascular Disorders A spectrum of pathological conditions of impaired blood flow in the brain. They can involve vessels (ARTERIES or VEINS) in the CEREBRUM, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Major categories include INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; and others.	2.38	2	0
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	1.98	1	0
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	1.98	1	0
Choriocarcinoma A malignant metastatic form of trophoblastic tumors. Unlike the HYDATIDIFORM MOLE, choriocarcinoma contains no CHORIONIC VILLI but rather sheets of undifferentiated cytotrophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts (TROPHOBLASTS). It is characterized by the large amounts of CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN produced. Tissue origins can be determined by DNA analyses: placental (fetal) origin or non-placental origin (CHORIOCARCINOMA, NON-GESTATIONAL).	1.99	1	0
Chromosome Deletion Actual loss of portion of a chromosome.	3.38	1	1
Cocaine Abuse [description not available]	2	1	0
Cocaine-Related Disorders Disorders related or resulting from use of cocaine.	2	1	0
Hyperoxia An abnormal increase in the amount of oxygen in the tissues and organs.	2	1	0
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	2	1	0
Adipocere [description not available]	1.95	1	0
Intraocular Pressure The pressure of the fluids in the eye.	2.36	2	0
Action Tremor [description not available]	1.95	1	0
Tremor Cyclical movement of a body part that can represent either a physiologic process or a manifestation of disease. Intention or action tremor, a common manifestation of CEREBELLAR DISEASES, is aggravated by movement. In contrast, resting tremor is maximal when there is no attempt at voluntary movement, and occurs as a relatively frequent manifestation of PARKINSON DISEASE.	1.95	1	0
Ptosis, Eyelid [description not available]	1.95	1	0
Blepharoptosis Drooping of the upper lid due to deficient development or paralysis of the levator palpebrae muscle.	1.95	1	0
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Adenofibroma A benign neoplasm composed of glandular and fibrous tissues, with a relatively large proportion of glands. (Stedman, 25th ed)	1.97	1	0
Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available]	2.38	2	0
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	1.97	1	0
Anterior Circulation Transient Ischemic Attack [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Ischemic Attack, Transient Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6)	1.97	1	0
Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.	1.97	1	0
Anesthesia A state characterized by loss of feeling or sensation. This depression of nerve function is usually the result of pharmacologic action and is induced to allow performance of surgery or other painful procedures.	1.97	1	0
Ache [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	1.97	1	0
Fibromatosis [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Fibroma A benign tumor of fibrous or fully developed connective tissue.	1.97	1	0
Anophthalmia [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Eye Abnormalities Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the eye; may also be hereditary.	1.97	1	0
Adrenal Cancer [description not available]	2.37	2	0
Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal [description not available]	2.66	3	0
Pheochromocytoma A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298)	2.66	3	0
ADDH [description not available]	5.87	3	3
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity A behavior disorder originating in childhood in which the essential features are signs of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. Although most individuals have symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, one or the other pattern may be predominant. The disorder is more frequent in males than females. Onset is in childhood. Symptoms often attenuate during late adolescence although a minority experience the full complement of symptoms into mid-adulthood. (From DSM-V)	5.87	3	3
Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Cancer, Embryonal [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available]	1.97	1	0
Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	1.97	1	0
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	1.97	1	0
Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal Neoplasms composed of primordial GERM CELLS of embryonic GONADS or of elements of the germ layers of the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the gonads or present in an embryo or FETUS.	1.97	1	0
Thyroid Diseases Pathological processes involving the THYROID GLAND.	1.97	1	0
Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.	1.97	1	0
Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.	1.97	1	0
Cryptogenic Infantile Spasms [description not available]	2.88	1	0
Spasms, Infantile An epileptic syndrome characterized by the triad of infantile spasms, hypsarrhythmia, and arrest of psychomotor development at seizure onset. The majority present between 3-12 months of age, with spasms consisting of combinations of brief flexor or extensor movements of the head, trunk, and limbs. The condition is divided into two forms: cryptogenic (idiopathic) and symptomatic (secondary to a known disease process such as intrauterine infections; nervous system abnormalities; BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC, INBORN; prematurity; perinatal asphyxia; TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS; etc.). (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp744-8)	2.88	1	0
Arrhythmia [description not available]	1.96	1	0
Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.	1.96	1	0

clorgyline

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Research Demand Index: 33.38

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clorgyline

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (66)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (4)

Pathways (6)

Protein Targets (52)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (41)

Molecular Functions (20)

Ceullar Components (22)

Bioassays (445)

Research

Studies (1,049)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 33.38

Study Types

Related Drugs (1,191)

Related Conditions (237)