Balkan Endemic Nephropathy

A form of chronic interstitial nephritis that is endemic to limited areas of BULGARIA, the former YUGOSLAVIA, and ROMANIA. It is characterized by a progressive shrinking of the KIDNEYS that is often associated with uroepithelial tumors.

Synonym
Nephropathy, Balkan
Danubian Endemic Familial Nephropathy
Endemic Nephropathy, Balkan
Balkan Endemic Nephropathy
Balkan Nephropathy

Excerpt	Reference
"Balkan endemic nephropathy is a noninflammatory bilateral kidney lesion that affects rural populations in several circumscribed areas of the Balkans."	( Ceović, S; Miletić-Medved, M; Mitar, J; Plestina, R; Stavljenić, A; Vukelić, M, 1991)
"Balkan endemic nephropathy is a chronic tubulointerstitial disease of unknown etiology, most probably a primary disease of the kidney tubules with secondary reaction of the interstitial tissue."	( Cvorisćec, D; Radonić, M; Stavljenić, A, 1985)
"Balkan endemic nephropathy is postulated to be due to chronic intoxication with drinking water polluted by silicates released during soil erosion."	( Ghahramani, N, 2010)
"Balkan endemic nephropathy is nowadays considered as an aristolochic acid nephropathy."	( Ardalan, MR; Jouyban, A; Khodaie, L; Nasri, H, 2015)
"Balkan endemic nephropathy is a chronic tubulointerstitial disease with insidious onset, slowly progressing to end-stage renal disease and frequently associated with urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (UTUC)."	( Arlt, VM; Colet, JM; Dika, Ž; Jelaković, B; Nikolić, J; Nortier, JL; Pavlović, NM; Stiborova, M; Vanherweghem, JL, 2019)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	14 (7.82)	23.3326
1990's	58 (32.40)	12.5806
2000's	43 (24.02)	18.1394
2010's	52 (29.05)	28.8240
2020's	12 (6.70)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies
ammonium hydroxide	low	1
benzene	low	1
citric acid, anhydrous	low	1
chlorine	low	1
nickel	low	2
nitrates	low	2
nitrites	low	2
phenanthrene	low	1
phenol	low	1
phthalic acid	low	2
uric acid	low	1
urea	low	6
p-aminohippuric acid	low	1
aristolochic acid i	low	57
debrisoquin	low	2
pentetic acid	low	3
phenacetin	low	1
lysine	low	1
phenylalanine	low	1
sulfosalicylic acid	low	2
diatrizoate meglumine	low	1
fluoranthene	low	1
malondialdehyde	low	2
butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine	low	1
mercury	low	1
silver	low	1
cadmium	low	3
uranium	low	1
transferrin	low	1
fanft	low	1
trazodone hydrochloride	low	6
baicalin	low	1
aristolactam i	low	2
4-hydroxydebrisoquin	low	1
4-hydroxyochratoxin a	low	2
aristolic acid	low	1
methotrexate	low	1
auranthine	low	1
aflatoxin b1	low	1
ochratoxin a	low	53
resveratrol	low	1
bromochloroacetic acid	low	1
isomethyleugenol	low	1
stilbenes	low	1
sesquiterpenes	low	1
penicillic acid	low	1
succimer	low	1
fumonisin b1	low	1
safingol	low	2
sodium dodecyl sulfate	low	3
sphingosine	low	2
lead	low	3
arsenic	low	2
cysteine	low	1
phosphorus	low	1
selenium	low	4
losartan potassium	low	3
cardiovascular agents	low	1
heparitin sulfate	low	1
ascorbic acid	low	2
salicylates	low	2
citrinin	low	5
transforming growth factor beta	low	1
cyclin d1	low	1
epoetin alfa	low	1
chondroitin sulfates	low	1
technetium tc 99m dimercaptosuccinic acid	low	1
deoxyguanosine	low	1
folic acid	low	1
neopterin	low	2
allopurinol	low	1
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine	low	1
phosphorus radioisotopes	low	1
phenanthrenes	low	4

Protein Targets (615)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	5	0	0	5
Chain A, Avidin	0	0	2	2
Chain A, Avidin	0	0	2	2
Chain B, Avidin	0	0	2	2
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	2	0	2
interleukin 8	3	0	0	3
TDP1 protein	12	0	0	12
AR protein	16	0	0	16
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	7	0	0	7
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	5	0	0	5
progesterone receptor	6	0	0	6
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	8	0	0	8
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	13	0	0	13
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	19	0	0	19
IDH1	5	0	0	5
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	9	0	0	9
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	5	0	0	5
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3	2	0	0	2
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	9	0	0	9
ras-related protein Rab-9A	2	0	0	2
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	17	0	0	17
geminin	13	0	0	13
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	5	0	0	5
lamin isoform A-delta10	9	0	0	9
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	5	0	5
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	5	0	7
Polyphenol oxidase 2	0	3	0	4
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	5	0	0	5
Bile salt export pump	0	8	0	8
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase	0	0	0	1
Cellular tumor antigen p53	10	0	0	10
Glutamate receptor 2	5	0	0	5
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase [Includes: Xanthine dehydrogenase	0	1	0	1
Adenosine receptor A2a	0	0	1	1
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	0	2	0	2
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma	0	1	0	1
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	0	2	1	4
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase	0	0	1	1
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	2	0	0	2
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	4	0	5
Shiga toxin subunit A	0	1	0	1
Histamine H3 receptor	0	1	0	1
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2	0	2	1	3
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	4	0	0	4
glp-1 receptor, partial	3	0	0	3
GLS protein	2	0	0	2
Microtubule-associated protein tau	6	0	0	6
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	12	0	0	12
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	4	0	0	4
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor	2	0	0	2
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	2	0	0	2
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor	2	0	0	2
plasminogen precursor	2	0	0	2
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor	2	0	0	2
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	3	0	0	3
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
lethal factor (plasmid)	5	0	0	5
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F isoform a	1	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	2	0	0	2
GABA theta subunit	2	0	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	2	0	0	2
Chain A, Hyaluronidase, phage associated	0	1	0	1
acetylcholinesterase	1	0	0	1
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	8	0	0	8
GLI family zinc finger 3	10	0	0	10
thioredoxin glutathione reductase	1	0	0	1
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	4	0	0	4
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	12	0	0	12
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	7	0	0	7
chromobox protein homolog 1	10	0	0	10
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I	2	0	0	2
Pancreatic alpha-amylase	0	2	0	2
Albumin	0	1	0	1
Urease	0	1	0	1
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1	0	0	0	1
Tyrosinase	0	2	0	2
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	0	1	1
Spike glycoprotein	5	0	0	5
Hyaluronate lyase	0	1	0	1
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN2	0	0	0	1
Egl nine homolog 1	0	0	0	1
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN3	0	0	0	1
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 23 member 1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	0	1	0	1
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A	0	2	0	2
Cyclin-dependent kinase 1	0	1	0	1
Trypsin-1	0	1	0	1
Trypsin-2	0	1	0	1
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	1	0	1
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	2	2	4
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	1	1	2
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	0	1	0	1
Trypsin-3	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	0	1	1	2
Prolyl endopeptidase	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	1	0	1
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	0	1	0	1
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	2	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	0	1	0	1
Aurora kinase B	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Integrase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Integrase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, T4 LYSOZYME	0	0	1	1
Chain A, GCN4P1	0	0	1	1
Chain B, GCN4P1	0	0	1	1
Chain C, GCN4P1	0	0	1	1
Chain A, T4 LYSOZYME	0	0	1	1
Chain A, T4 LYSOZYME	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	1	0	1
Chain A, 3C-like proteinase	0	1	0	1
pregnane X receptor	1	0	0	1
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	10	0	0	10
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	9	0	0	9
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	3	0	0	3
Endolysin	0	0	2	2
Integrin beta-3	3	0	0	3
Integrin alpha-IIb	3	0	0	3
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	10	0	0	10
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	5	0	0	5
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma	3	0	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 1	0	8	0	9
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	8	1	10
Carbonic anhydrase 4	0	5	0	6
Carbonic anhydrase	0	3	0	4
Carbonic anhydrase 15	0	5	0	6
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Proto-oncogene Tyrosine-protein Kinase Src	0	1	0	1
Chain A, N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase	0	0	1	1
Chain B, N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase	0	0	1	1
Chain B, N5-carboxyaminoimidazole ribonucleotide mutase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A	3	0	0	3
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	6	0	0	6
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	8	0	0	8
hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha isoform 2	0	1	0	1
perilipin-5	0	1	0	1
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a	7	0	0	7
perilipin-1	0	1	0	1
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5 isoform a	0	1	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	1
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src	0	1	0	1
3-dehydroquinate dehydratase	0	0	1	1
ATP-citrate synthase	0	0	0	1
Ribonuclease T	0	0	0	1
Cell death-related nuclease 4	0	0	0	1
3-dehydroquinate dehydratase	0	0	1	1
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase	0	1	0	1
Alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO	0	1	0	1
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	5	0	0	5
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	4	0	8
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	3	0	6
Solute carrier family 22 member 11	0	1	0	3
Cytochrome P450 2D1	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2D26	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2D6	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2D3	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2D4	0	1	0	1
67.9K protein	5	0	0	5
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic	0	1	0	2
Deoxycytidine kinase	0	0	0	1
AAA family ATPase	0	0	0	1
Sterol O-acyltransferase 1	0	1	0	1
thioredoxin reductase	5	0	0	5
Hsf1 protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, HADH2 protein	6	0	0	6
Chain B, HADH2 protein	6	0	0	6
Luciferase	8	0	0	8
acid sphingomyelinase	5	0	0	5
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1	2	0	0	2
pregnane X nuclear receptor	6	0	0	6
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B	2	0	0	2
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	4	0	0	4
activating transcription factor 6	2	0	0	2
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	2	0	0	2
Histone H2A.x	4	0	0	4
serine-protein kinase ATM isoform a	1	0	0	1
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d	7	0	0	7
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	3	0	0	3
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1	2	0	1	3
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G	1	0	0	1
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	4	0	0	4
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	7	0	0	7
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	6	0	0	6
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	5	0	0	5
USP1 protein, partial	5	0	0	5
glucocerebrosidase	3	0	0	3
alpha-galactosidase	6	0	0	6
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein	3	0	0	3
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	6	0	0	6
DNA polymerase beta	4	0	0	4
Thymidylate synthase	0	4	0	4
Thymidylate synthase	0	3	0	3
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	3	5
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	1	0	1
Alpha-synuclein	1	0	0	1
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	4
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3	0	1	0	3
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	4
Multidrug resistance associated protein	0	1	0	3
Smad3	2	0	0	2
Type-1A angiotensin II receptor	0	1	0	1
Type-1B angiotensin II receptor	0	2	0	2
Type-2 angiotensin II receptor	0	1	0	1
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B	0	1	0	1
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	1	0	1
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit N-methyltransferase, chloroplast	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit N-methyltransferase, chloroplast	0	1	0	1
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
Cationic amino acid transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE	0	0	1	1
dopamine D1 receptor	1	0	0	1
ClpP	2	0	0	2
15-lipoxygenase, partial	3	0	0	3
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	3	0	0	3
ATAD5 protein, partial	3	0	0	3
EWS/FLI fusion protein	1	0	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX12	1	0	0	1
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]	0	1	0	1
flap endonuclease 1	2	0	0	2
snurportin-1	2	0	0	2
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1	2	0	0	2
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	4	0	0	4
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]	0	1	0	1
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	2	0	0	2
peripheral myelin protein 22	3	0	0	3
M-phase phosphoprotein 8	3	0	0	3
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor	1	0	0	1
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform a	0	1	0	1
Toll-like receptor 4	0	1	0	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Bile salt export pump	0	1	0	1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	1	0	2
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	3
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1	0	1	1	3
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	1	0	2
High mobility group protein B1	0	0	1	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase	0	1	0	1
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Folate receptor beta	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Folate receptor alpha	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	2	0	2
Histidine decarboxylase	0	1	0	1
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3	0	1	0	1
Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATIC	0	2	0	2
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1	0	0	0	2
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Reduced folate transporter	0	2	0	2
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating	0	1	0	1
Caspase-7	1	0	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Pteridine reductase 1	0	1	0	1
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-3	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 20	0	3	0	3
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	3	0	4
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	1	0	1
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 11	0	0	0	1
Proton-coupled folate transporter	0	1	0	1
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	4	0	0	4
Ataxin-2	4	0	0	4
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3	0	0	0	1
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4	0	1	0	1
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	0	0	0	1
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	3	0	0	3
Sodium/iodide cotransporter	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	3
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A1	0	0	0	1
Inositol monophosphatase 1	2	0	0	2
L-cysteine:1D-myo-inositol 2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside ligase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 19	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	1	0	3
Chain A, Beta-lactamase	2	0	0	2
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	2	0	0	2
Peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	0	1	0	1
endonuclease IV	2	0	0	2
GALC protein	1	0	0	1
nonstructural protein 1	1	0	0	1
arylsulfatase A	2	0	0	2
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	1	0	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	2	0	0	2
Histamine H2 receptor	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	5	0	0	5
Cytochrome P450 1A2	0	0	0	2
Cytochrome P450 1A2	0	2	0	3
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	2	0	2
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4	0	1	0	1
Arylacetamide deacetylase	0	0	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2J2	0	1	0	1
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	0	1	0	1
Arylacetamide deacetylase	0	0	0	1
Arylacetamide deacetylase	0	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	2	0	0	2
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	3	0	0	3
Cytochrome P450 2A6	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2A5	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Lysozyme	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Lysozyme	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Lysozyme	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Lysozyme	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
cytochrome P450 2D6	4	0	0	4
Carbonic anhydrase 12	0	2	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	2	0	3
Sulfotransferase 1A1	0	0	0	1
Cannabinoid receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 6	0	3	0	4
Adenosine receptor A1	0	1	0	2
Adenosine receptor A2a	0	1	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial	0	2	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 7	0	2	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 9	0	2	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	2	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	1	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 14	0	2	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial	0	2	0	3
Chain A, AMINOPEPTIDASE	0	1	0	1
Chain A, AMINOPEPTIDASE	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit alpha-2/delta-1	0	1	0	1
Plasma kallikrein	0	0	0	1
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme	0	1	0	1
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme	0	1	0	1
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase	0	1	0	1
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase	0	1	0	1
5'-nucleotidase	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C	0	0	0	1
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	0	1	0	2
SLC16A10 protein	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D	0	0	0	1
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B	0	0	0	1
Monocarboxylate transporter 10	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A	0	0	0	1
Phospholipase A-2-activating protein	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck	0	1	1	2
Chain A, Troponin C, slow skeletal and cardiac muscles	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
BRCA1	1	0	0	1
SMAD family member 2	2	0	0	2
SMAD family member 3	2	0	0	2
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	3	0	0	3
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	2	0	0	2
G	1	0	0	1
Parkin	1	0	0	1
P53	1	0	0	1
pyruvate kinase	1	0	0	1
caspase-3	3	0	0	3
M18 aspartyl aminopeptidase	0	1	0	1
cathepsin L1	0	1	0	1
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)	1	0	0	1
hexokinase-4 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor	1	0	0	1
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	2	0	0	2
glucokinase regulatory protein	1	0	0	1
huntingtin isoform 2	1	0	0	1
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor	1	0	0	1
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1	2	0	0	2
FAD-linked sulfhydryl oxidase ALR	0	0	0	1
Vif	0	1	0	1
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1	0	1	0	1
transcription factor p65 isoform 1	0	0	1	1
serine/threonine-protein kinase 33 isoform a	0	0	1	1
POsterior Segregation	0	0	1	1
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor	0	1	0	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	0	1	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1	0	1	1	2
Myc proto-oncogene protein	0	1	0	2
Interferon beta	1	0	0	1
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	1	0	0	1
Transthyretin	0	0	1	1
Estrogen receptor	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 1A1	0	1	0	1
Amyloid-beta precursor protein	0	1	1	2
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	1	2
Cholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Cathepsin D	0	1	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	2	0	2
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	1	0	2
Luciferin 4-monooxygenase	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 3A4	0	2	0	2
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	0	1	0	1
DNA polymerase alpha catalytic subunit	0	1	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	0	1	0	1
Leukotriene A-4 hydrolase	0	1	0	1
Breakpoint cluster region protein	0	1	0	2
Tyrosinase	0	3	0	3
Aromatase	0	2	0	2
Ornithine decarboxylase	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	0	1	0	1
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]	0	2	1	3
Protein kinase C alpha type	0	0	1	1
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	0	0	1
Estrogen receptor	0	0	1	1
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	0	1	0	1
Endothelin receptor type B	1	0	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	0	1
Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	0	2	1	3
Endothelin-1 receptor	1	0	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	0	1	0	1
ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C19	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	1	0	1
Cannabinoid receptor 1	0	1	0	1
D(1A) dopamine receptor	1	0	0	1
Alpha-glucosidase MAL12	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	1	0	1
Cholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p100 subunit	0	1	0	1
Squalene synthase	0	1	0	1
Transcription factor p65	0	1	0	1
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B	0	0	0	1
Bcl-2-like protein 1	0	1	0	1
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1	0	1	0	1
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2	0	0	1	2
Cytochrome P450 1B1	0	2	0	2
N1L	0	1	0	1
NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1	0	0	0	3
Tubulin beta-2B chain	0	1	0	1
Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase	0	1	0	1
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1	0	1	0	1
Similar to alpha-tubulin isoform 1	0	1	0	1
Similar to alpha-tubulin isoform 1	0	1	0	1
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-2	0	0	1	1
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	1	0	0	1
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	1	0	0	1
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-1	0	0	1	3
Prenyltransferase homolog	0	0	0	1
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrial	0	0	1	1
Zinc finger protein mex-5	0	0	1	1
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	1	0	0	1
large T antigen	0	1	0	1
Sphingosine kinase 1	0	2	0	2
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, 146aa long hypothetical transcriptional regulator	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain C, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1	1	0	0	1
Chain A, Cruzipain	2	0	0	2
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 2	0	1	0	1
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha	1	0	0	1
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 isoform 1	0	1	0	1
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N	0	1	0	1
C-C chemokine receptor type 6	0	1	0	1
apelin receptor	0	1	0	1
bcl-2-related protein A1	0	1	0	1
streptokinase A precursor	0	0	1	1
Endoglycoceramidase II	0	0	0	1
Protein kinase C alpha type	0	1	0	1
Estrogen receptor	0	0	1	1
Protein kinase C delta type	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C epsilon type	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C zeta type	0	1	0	1
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C gamma type	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C beta type	0	1	0	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	0	1	1
Protein kinase C eta type	0	1	0	1
Sphingosine kinase 2	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C theta type	0	1	0	1
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	1	0	1
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain	0	0	1	1
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	1	0	0	1
Urease subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Urease subunit beta	0	1	0	1
Olfactory receptor 51E2	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	0	0	1	1
Chain A, glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	0	0	1	1
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 9	0	1	1	2
Guanine deaminase	0	1	0	1
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Synonyms(5)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Research

Studies (179)

Protein Targets (615)

Balkan Endemic Nephropathy

Synonyms(5)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Research

Studies (179)

Drugs Studied (90)

Protein Targets (615)