hydromorphone profile

Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	5284570
CHEMBL ID	398707
CHEBI ID	5790
SCHEMBL ID	2255
MeSH ID	M0006409

Synonym
dilaudid
(5alpha)-3-hydroxy-17-methyl-4,5-epoxymorphinan-6-one
hydromorfona [spanish]
morphinan-6-one, 4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl-, (5alpha)-
laudacon
einecs 207-383-5
hsdb 3341
dilaudid oros
hydromorphonum [inn-latin]
hydromorphone [inn:ban]
novolaudon
dihydromorfinon [czech]
palladone
idromorfone
hidromorfona [inn-spanish]
idromorfone [dcit]
nsc 19046
morphinan-6-one, 4,5-alpha-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl-
morphinan-6-one, 4,5alpha-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl-
dea no. 9150
nsc19046
dihydromorphinone
nsc-19046
dimo
morphinan-6-one,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl-, (5.alpha.)-
morphinan-6-one,5.alpha.-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl-
laudicon
hydromorphon
wln: t b6566 b6/co 4abbc r bx fv ho pn ght&&ttj jq p1
(-)-hydromorphone
morphinone, dihydro-
CHEBI:5790 ,
3-hydroxy-17-methyl-4,5alpha-epoxymorphinan-6-one
hydromorphonum
hydromorfona
dihydromorfinon
hidromorfona
C07042
466-99-9
hydromorphone
7,8-dihydromorphinone
4,5alpha-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methyl-6-morphinanone
DB00327
(-)-(5r)-4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-9alpha-methylmorphinan-6-one
dimorphone
4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one
6-deoxy-7,8-dihydro-6-oxomorphine
bdbm50241341
jurnista
n02aa03
CHEMBL398707 ,
ids-nh-004
D08047
hydromorphone (inn)
q812464r06 ,
unii-q812464r06
gtpl7082
(4r,4ar,7ar,12bs)-9-hydroxy-3-methyl-1,2,4,4a,5,6,7a,13-octahydro-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-7-one
hydromorphone [who-dd]
hydrocodone hydrogen tartrate 2.5-hydrate impurity k [ep impurity]
hydromorphone [inn]
hydromorphone [vandf]
hydromorphone [hsdb]
hydromorphone [mi]
SCHEMBL2255
DTXSID8023133 ,
(1s,5r,13r,17r)-10-hydroxy-4-methyl-12-oxa-4-azapentacyclo[9.6.1.0^{1,13}.0^{5,17}.0^{7,18}]octadeca-7(18),8,10-trien-14-one
hydromorphone 1.0 mg/ml in methanol
hydromorphone 0.1 mg/ml in methanol
Q303646
hydromorphone form i
(4r,4ar,7ar,12bs)-9-hydroxy-3-methyl-1,2,4,4a,5,6,7a,13-octahydro-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-7-one]
hydromorphone form ii
(4r,4ar,7ar,12bs)-9-hydroxy-3-methyl-1,2,4,4a,5,6,7a,13-octahydro-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-7-one
(1s,5r,13r,17r)-10-hydroxy-4-methyl-12-oxa-4-azapentacyclo[9.6.1.0?,??.0?,??.0?,??]octadeca-7,9,11(18)-trien-14-one
dtxcid603133
(5alpha)-4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one
4,5alpha-epoxy-3-hydroxy-17-methylmorphinan-6-one
hydromorphonum (latin)
hydrocodone hydrogen tartrate 2.5-hydrate impurity k (ep impurity)
hydromorphonum (inn-latin)
hidromorfona (inn-spanish)
hydromorphone, 1mg/ml in methanol

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Our findings suggest that SRH is as safe and effective as IRH in the treatment of cancer pain."	( A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, crossover trial comparing the safety and efficacy of oral sustained-release hydromorphone with immediate-release hydromorphone in patients with cancer pain. Canadian Palliative Care Clinical Trials Group. Bruera, E; Mount, B; Scott, J; Sloan, P; Suarez-Almazor, M, 1996)	0.29
" In this study, chronic supplementation of intrathecal opioids with bupivacaine was a safe method for providing continued management of chronic pain of cancer or noncancer origin."	( Stability, compatibility, and safety of intrathecal bupivacaine administered chronically via an implantable delivery system. Deer, TR; Elsberry, DD; Hildebrand, KR, 2001)	0.31
"5 million adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports for 8620 drugs/biologics that are listed for 1191 Coding Symbols for Thesaurus of Adverse Reaction (COSTAR) terms of adverse effects."	( Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling. Benz, RD; Contrera, JF; Kruhlak, NL; Matthews, EJ; Weaver, JL, 2004)	0.32
" Adverse effects, pain reduction at 5 minutes and 2 hours postbaseline, and additional analgesics and antiemetics were tracked as secondary outcome measures."	( Safety and efficacy of hydromorphone as an analgesic alternative to morphine in acute pain: a randomized clinical trial. Bijur, PE; Chang, AK; Gallagher, EJ; Kenny, MK; Meyer, RH; Solorzano, C, 2006)	0.33
" Adverse effects were similar in both groups, with the exception of pruritus, which did not occur in patients receiving hydromorphone (0% versus 6% [difference -6%; 95% confidence interval -11% to -1%])."	( Safety and efficacy of hydromorphone as an analgesic alternative to morphine in acute pain: a randomized clinical trial. Bijur, PE; Chang, AK; Gallagher, EJ; Kenny, MK; Meyer, RH; Solorzano, C, 2006)	0.33
" Adverse events were mild to moderate in severity; the most common of these were constipation, nausea, headache, and somnolence."	( Efficacy and safety evaluation of once-daily OROS hydromorphone in patients with chronic low back pain: a pilot open-label study (DO-127). Khanna, S; Skowronski, R; Thipphawong, J; Tudor, IC; Wallace, M, 2007)	0.34
" Adverse events were typical of those associated with opioid therapy."	( Efficacy and safety evaluation of once-daily OROS hydromorphone in patients with chronic low back pain: a pilot open-label study (DO-127). Khanna, S; Skowronski, R; Thipphawong, J; Tudor, IC; Wallace, M, 2007)	0.34
"Despite "clinical lore" among health care providers that treatment with hydromorphone results in improved pain control and fewer adverse side effects, morphine continues to be the first-line medication for postoperative patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)."	( The side effects of morphine and hydromorphone patient-controlled analgesia. Diaz, G; Flood, P; Hong, D, 2008)	0.35
"The side effect profile was not different between drugs."	( The side effects of morphine and hydromorphone patient-controlled analgesia. Diaz, G; Flood, P; Hong, D, 2008)	0.35
" Secondary outcomes included numeric rating scale pain scores and adverse events."	( Safety and efficacy of rapid titration using 1mg doses of intravenous hydromorphone in emergency department patients with acute severe pain: the "1+1" protocol. Bijur, PE; Campbell, CM; Chang, AK; Gallagher, EJ; Murphy, MK, 2009)	0.35
" There were no serious adverse events."	( Safety and efficacy of rapid titration using 1mg doses of intravenous hydromorphone in emergency department patients with acute severe pain: the "1+1" protocol. Bijur, PE; Campbell, CM; Chang, AK; Gallagher, EJ; Murphy, MK, 2009)	0.35
"" Adverse effects, pain reduction at 10 minutes and 2 hours postbaseline, patient evaluations of satisfaction and pain relief at 30 minutes postbaseline, and use of additional analgesics and antiemetics were tracked as secondary outcomes."	( Efficacy and safety profile of a single dose of hydromorphone compared with morphine in older adults with acute, severe pain: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Baccelieri, A; Bijur, PE; Chang, AK; Gallagher, EJ, 2009)	0.35
" The incidence of adverse effects from baseline to 30 minutes was not statistically different in the 2 groups."	( Efficacy and safety profile of a single dose of hydromorphone compared with morphine in older adults with acute, severe pain: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Baccelieri, A; Bijur, PE; Chang, AK; Gallagher, EJ, 2009)	0.35
" The incidence of adverse effects was not statistically different."	( Efficacy and safety profile of a single dose of hydromorphone compared with morphine in older adults with acute, severe pain: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Baccelieri, A; Bijur, PE; Chang, AK; Gallagher, EJ, 2009)	0.35
" The most frequently reported adverse events were nausea (n = 93, 24."	( Long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of OROS hydromorphone in patients with chronic pain. Khanna, S; Moulin, DE; Rauck, RL; Skowronski, R; Thipphawong, J; Tudor, IC; Wallace, M, )	0.13
" Adverse events included gastrointestinal and central nervous system symptoms."	( Open-label study on the long-term efficacy, safety, and impact on quality of life of OROS hydromorphone ER in patients with chronic low back pain. Thipphawong, J; Wallace, M, 2010)	0.36
"Pain (visual analogue scale, McGill pain questionnaire, brief pain inventory), patient-controlled analgesia use, adverse events."	( Feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation for decreasing post-ERCP pain: a randomized, sham-controlled, pilot study. Beam, W; Borckardt, JJ; Frohman, H; George, MS; Madan, A; Reeves, ST; Romagnuolo, J, 2011)	0.37
" The incidence of all adverse effects was similar in both groups."	( Randomized clinical trial comparing the safety and efficacy of a hydromorphone titration protocol to usual care in the management of adult emergency department patients with acute severe pain. Bijur, PE; Chang, AK; Gallagher, EJ, 2011)	0.37
" Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that H3G levels in patients with renal insufficiency are 4 times as high as those with normal renal function; however, reports have been conflicting as to whether or not it is safe to use hydromorphone in renal insufficiency."	( Adverse effects in hospice patients with chronic kidney disease receiving hydromorphone. Paramanandam, G; Prommer, E; Schwenke, DC, 2011)	0.37
"To provide family physicians with a practical clinical summary of the Canadian Guideline for Safe and Effective Use of Opioids for Chronic Non-Cancer Pain, developed by the National Opioid Use Guideline Group."	( Canadian guideline for safe and effective use of opioids for chronic noncancer pain: clinical summary for family physicians. Part 1: general population. Kahan, M; Mailis-Gagnon, A; Srivastava, A; Wilson, L, 2011)	0.37
"5%) rated tolerability as "good" or "very good" at Week 52; few patients discontinued treatment because of an adverse event (1."	( Sustained safety and efficacy of once-daily hydromorphone extended-release (OROS® hydromorphone ER) compared with twice-daily oxycodone controlled-release over 52 weeks in patients with moderate to severe chronic noncancer pain. Binsfeld, H; Richarz, U; Sabatowski, R; Szczepanski, L; Waechter, S, 2013)	0.39
" Descriptive statistics were used to analyze baseline and demographic characteristics, supplemental analgesic use, and incidence of adverse events (AEs)."	( Safety and Tolerability of Once-Daily OROS(®) hydromorphone extended-release in opioid-tolerant adults with moderate-to-severe chronic cancer and noncancer pain: pooled analysis of 11 clinical studies. Hale, ME; Kutch, M; Nalamachu, SR, 2012)	0.38
" Serious adverse events occurred in 13."	( Safety and Tolerability of Once-Daily OROS(®) hydromorphone extended-release in opioid-tolerant adults with moderate-to-severe chronic cancer and noncancer pain: pooled analysis of 11 clinical studies. Hale, ME; Kutch, M; Nalamachu, SR, 2012)	0.38
" Common adverse events, which occurred in 91."	( Clinical effectiveness and safety of OROS® hydromorphone in break-through cancer pain treatment: a multicenter, prospective, open-label study in Korean patients. Bae, SH; Cho, YY; Hyun, MS; Kim, JY; Kim, MK; Lee, KH; Lee, SA; Lee, WS; Park, KU; Ryoo, HM; Song, HS, )	0.13
"The primary outcome measure was the occurrence of adverse events (AEs)."	( Safety and tolerability of OROS® hydromorphone ER in adults with chronic noncancer and cancer pain: pooled analysis of 13 studies. Hale, ME; Kutch, M; Nalamachu, S; Taylor, DR; Wallace, MS, )	0.13
" Serious adverse events (SAEs) were reported by 10."	( Safety and tolerability of OROS® hydromorphone ER in adults with chronic noncancer and cancer pain: pooled analysis of 13 studies. Hale, ME; Kutch, M; Nalamachu, S; Taylor, DR; Wallace, MS, )	0.13
" The most common treatment-related adverse events were dizziness, headache, and nausea (two patients each)."	( Open-label study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of extended-release hydromorphone in patients with chronic neuropathic pain. Bansal, R; Fasbinder, S; Nalamachu, S; Nalamasu, R; Ruck, D, )	0.13
" Treatment-emergent adverse events were comparable between treatment groups."	( Safety and efficacy of once-daily hydromorphone extended-release versus twice-daily oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release in chinese patients with cancer pain: a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study. Han, J; Hou, Y; Richards, HM; Shen, W; Yu, L; Yu, S, 2014)	0.4
" A trained and blinded observer documented adverse events from the time hydromorphone was administered until the time dogs were induced for surgery."	( Effects of maropitant citrate or acepromazine on the incidence of adverse events associated with hydromorphone premedication in dogs. Chiavaccini, L; Claude, AK; Dedeaux, A; Hinz, S, )	0.13
" Secondary outcomes were pain scores from 24 to 72 h, intraoperative and postoperative opioid consumption, time to onset of bowel movement and side effect profiles."	( Comparison of efficacy and safety of lateral-to-medial continuous transversus abdominis plane block with thoracic epidural analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal surgery: A randomised, open-label feasibility study. Brookes, J; Das Adhikary, S; Ganapathy, S; Sondekoppam, RV; Subramanian, L; Terlecki, M, 2015)	0.42
" We describe a prospective, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled randomised controlled trial testing the hypothesis that a novel analgesic drug, VVZ -149, is safe and effective in improving pain compared with providing opioid analgesia alone among adults undergoing laparoscopic colorectal surgery."	( Randomised, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the analgesic efficacy and safety of VVZ-149 injections for postoperative pain following laparoscopic colorectal surgery. Bao, X; Chin, JW; Cho, S; Correll, DJ; Eng, K; Hamsher, CP; Ledley, J; Lee, DH; Maniam, R; Nedeljkovic, SS; Sorace, J; Tsui, B; Young, MJ; Zamor, N; Zeballos, JL; Zhang, Y, 2017)	0.46
"To review the safety profile of injectable hydromorphone and diacetylmorphine and explore if adverse events (AEs) or serious adverse events (SAEs) were associated with dose and patterns of attendance."	( Safety profile of injectable hydromorphone and diacetylmorphine for long-term severe opioid use disorder. Anis, AH; Brissette, S; Guh, D; Harrison, S; Janmohamed, A; Jutha, S; Krausz, M; MacDonald, S; Marchand, K; Marsh, DC; Oviedo-Joekes, E; Schechter, MT; Zhang, DZ, 2017)	0.46
" The secondary endpoints were the incidence of opioid-related adverse effects, recovery results and patient satisfaction after surgery."	( Prospective investigation of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with hydromorphone or sufentanil: impact on mood, opioid adverse effects, and recovery. Cheng, L; Feng, Z; Li, H; Peng, Z; Wu, J; Xu, X; Yang, Y; Ye, S; Zhu, L, 2018)	0.48
" Adverse events occurred in 83."	( A randomized, double-blind, non-inferiority study of hydromorphone hydrochloride immediate-release tablets versus oxycodone hydrochloride immediate-release powder for cancer pain: efficacy and safety in Japanese cancer patients. Aruga, E; Inoue, S; Saito, Y; Takahashi, H; Tsuneto, S; Uemori, M, 2018)	0.48
" In this analysis, using the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Activities coding system we report somnolence (ie, drowsiness, sleepiness, grogginess) and opioid overdose as adverse events."	( Adverse Events During Treatment Induction With Injectable Diacetylmorphine and Hydromorphone for Opioid Use Disorder. Anis, AH; Brissette, S; Guh, D; Harrison, S; MacDonald, S; Marsh, DC; Oviedo-Joekes, E; Palis, H; Schechter, MT, )	0.13
" There were 34 related somnolence and adverse event (AE) overdoses (4."	( Adverse Events During Treatment Induction With Injectable Diacetylmorphine and Hydromorphone for Opioid Use Disorder. Anis, AH; Brissette, S; Guh, D; Harrison, S; MacDonald, S; Marsh, DC; Oviedo-Joekes, E; Palis, H; Schechter, MT, )	0.13
"Opioid-induced respiratory depression (OIRD) and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are challenging, resource-intensive, and costly opioid-related adverse events (ORAEs)."	( Opioid-related respiratory and gastrointestinal adverse events in patients with acute postoperative pain: prevalence, predictors, and burden. Habib, AS; Iqbal, SU; Kugel, M; Liu, S; Morland, K; Oderda, GM; Senagore, AJ, )	0.13
"To determine the frequency, severity and duration of adverse events including myoclonus, pain on injection, hypersalivation, regurgitation and apnoea after administration of midazolam or saline followed by etomidate in hydromorphone premedicated dogs."	( Descriptive assessment of adverse events associated with midazolam-etomidate versus saline-etomidate in healthy hydromorphone premedicated dogs. Calbay, R; da Cunha, AF; Hofmeister, EH; Jones, TL, 2021)	0.62
" Further investigation is needed to determine if midazolam reduced the incidence of adverse events or improved the induction quality when combined with hydromorphone and etomidate."	( Descriptive assessment of adverse events associated with midazolam-etomidate versus saline-etomidate in healthy hydromorphone premedicated dogs. Calbay, R; da Cunha, AF; Hofmeister, EH; Jones, TL, 2021)	0.62
"In response to the ongoing overdose crisis, some clinicians in Canada have started prescribing immediate release hydromorphone (IRH) as an alternative to the toxic unregulated drug supply."	( Characterizing safer supply prescribing of immediate release hydromorphone for individuals with opioid use disorder across Ontario, Canada. Antoniou, T; Bayoumi, AM; Campbell, T; Gomes, T; Kolla, G; Leece, P; McCormack, D; Srivastava, A; Strike, C; Young, S, 2022)	0.72
" Adverse events included (a) overdose; (b) intoxication; and (c) diversion, selling, or sharing of medications or alcohol."	( Evaluation of an emergency safe supply drugs and managed alcohol program in COVID-19 isolation hotel shelters for people experiencing homelessness. Atkinson, J; Bonn, M; Brothers, TD; Fraser, J; Genge, L; Gillis, A; Gniewek, M; Hawker, L; Hayman, H; Jorna, P; Leaman, M; Lewer, D; Martell, D; O'Donnell, T; Rivers-Bowerman, H, 2022)	0.72
"COVID-19 isolation hotel residents participating in an emergency safe supply and managed alcohol program experienced high rates of successful completion of 14 days isolation and low rates of adverse events."	( Evaluation of an emergency safe supply drugs and managed alcohol program in COVID-19 isolation hotel shelters for people experiencing homelessness. Atkinson, J; Bonn, M; Brothers, TD; Fraser, J; Genge, L; Gillis, A; Gniewek, M; Hawker, L; Hayman, H; Jorna, P; Leaman, M; Lewer, D; Martell, D; O'Donnell, T; Rivers-Bowerman, H, 2022)	0.72
" We aimed to characterize injecting practices among real-world populations of persons who regularly inject buprenorphine, as well as associated adverse events reported in order to inform a possible future BUP iOAT intervention."	( Patterns of use and adverse events reported among persons who regularly inject buprenorphine: a systematic review. Bozinoff, N; Le Foll, B; Rubin-Kahana, DS; Tardelli, VS, 2022)	0.72
" We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO from inception through July 2020 and used backwards citation screening to search for publications reporting on dose, frequency among persons who regularly inject the drug, or adverse events associated with intravenous use of buprenorphine."	( Patterns of use and adverse events reported among persons who regularly inject buprenorphine: a systematic review. Bozinoff, N; Le Foll, B; Rubin-Kahana, DS; Tardelli, VS, 2022)	0.72
" Adverse events could be characterized as known side effects of opioids/buprenorphine or injection-related complications."	( Patterns of use and adverse events reported among persons who regularly inject buprenorphine: a systematic review. Bozinoff, N; Le Foll, B; Rubin-Kahana, DS; Tardelli, VS, 2022)	0.72
" YPWUD participants highlighted a disjuncture between RMG prescriptions and the safe supply of unadulterated substances such as fentanyl, underscoring that having access to the latter is critical to reducing their reliance on street-based drug markets and overdose-related risks."	( Risk mitigation guidance and safer supply prescribing among young people who use drugs in the context of COVID-19 and overdose emergencies. Barker, B; Brar, R; Charlesworth, R; Fast, D; Giang, K; Mulholland, A; Pauly, B; Thulien, M, 2023)	0.91
"Although opioids have been shown to be effective for cancer pain, opioid-induced adverse events (AEs) are common."	( Prevalence of opioid-induced adverse events across opioids commonly used for analgesic treatment in Japan: a multicenter prospective longitudinal study. Arakawa, S; Chiu, SW; Hiratsuka, Y; Hirayama, H; Inoue, A; Ishiki, H; Kosugi, K; Kubo, E; Matsuda, Y; Miyashita, M; Morita, T; Natsume, M; Nishijima, K; Ouchi, K; Sato, M; Satomi, E; Shigeno, T; Shimizu, M; Shimoda, M; Shimoi, T; Tagami, K; Yamaguchi, T; Yokomichi, N, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Our results indicate that hydromorphone pharmacokinetic parameters are linear across a fourfold range of doses that are usually employed clinically and that previously reported pharmacokinetic values for hydromorphone (based on radioimmunoassay measurements) deserve reconsideration."	( Multiple-dose evaluation of intravenous hydromorphone pharmacokinetics in normal human subjects. Coda, BA; Hill, HF; Schaffer, R; Tanaka, A, 1991)	0.28
" Blood and CSF samples were assayed for morphine and hydromorphone concentration to determine blood and CSF pharmacokinetic profiles."	( CSF and blood pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone and morphine following lumbar epidural administration. Brodsky, JB; Brose, WG; Cousins, MJ; Mark, JBD; Tanelian, DL, 1991)	0.28
"mL-1, P = NS, Cmax 17."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone and hydromorphone-3-glucuronide in cancer patients after immediate and controlled-release hydromorphone. Babul, N; Darke, AC; Dhaliwal, HS; Hagen, N; Harsanyi, Z; Thirlwell, MP, 1995)	0.29
"0]; median and interquartile range) but was maintained significantly longer at greater than 50% of peak concentration (22."	( Pharmacodynamics of orally administered sustained- release hydromorphone in humans. Angst, MS; Drover, DR; Lötsch, J; Naidu, S; Ramaswamy, B; Stanski, DR; Wada, DR, 2001)	0.31
" The present assay was applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rat after intraperitoneal administration of hydromorphone."	( LC-MS-MS analysis of hydromorphone and hydromorphone metabolites with application to a pharmacokinetic study in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. McErlane, KM; Ong, MC; Zheng, M, 2002)	0.31
" Noncompartmental analysis was used to estimate pharmacokinetic variables."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of single-dose intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy volunteers. Archer, SM; Coda, BA; Rudy, AC; Wermeling, DP, 2003)	0.32
"This study describes the pharmacokinetics of intravenous hydromorphone in cats and the simultaneous measurement of antinociceptive pharmacodynamic effects using a thermal threshold testing system."	( Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of intravenous hydromorphone in cats. Kollias-Baker, C; Muir, WW; Robertson, SA; Sams, RA; Wegner, K, 2004)	0.32
" This study examined the duration of action of BUP at microORs and correlations with pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic outcomes in 10 heroin-dependent volunteers."	( Buprenorphine duration of action: mu-opioid receptor availability and pharmacokinetic and behavioral indices. Bueller, J; Chang, Y; Greenwald, M; Johanson, CE; Kilbourn, M; Koeppe, R; Moody, DE; Zubieta, JK, 2007)	0.34
"Together with our previous findings, it appears that microOR availability predicts changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic measures and that about 50%-60% BUP occupancy is required for adequate withdrawal symptom suppression (in the absence of other opioids) and HYD blockade."	( Buprenorphine duration of action: mu-opioid receptor availability and pharmacokinetic and behavioral indices. Bueller, J; Chang, Y; Greenwald, M; Johanson, CE; Kilbourn, M; Koeppe, R; Moody, DE; Zubieta, JK, 2007)	0.34
"The objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic profile of a novel, once-daily, controlled-release formulation of hydromorphone (OROS hydromorphone) under fasting conditions with that immediately after a high-fat breakfast in healthy volunteers."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of a 24-hour controlled-release OROS formulation of hydromorphone in the presence and absence of food. Gupta, SK; Sathyan, G; Thipphawong, J; Xu, E, 2007)	0.34
" Confidence intervals were within 80% to 125% for AUC0-t and AUC0-infinity but were slightly higher for Cmax (105."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of a 24-hour controlled-release OROS formulation of hydromorphone in the presence and absence of food. Gupta, SK; Sathyan, G; Thipphawong, J; Xu, E, 2007)	0.34
" Plasma samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were collected pre-dose and at regular intervals up to 48 hours post-dose (72 hours for the 64-mg dose), and were assayed for hydromorphone concentration to determine peak plasma concentration (Cmax), time at which peak plasma concentration was observed (Tmax), terminal half-life (t1/2), and area under the concentration-time curve for zero to time t (AUC0-t) and zero to infinity (AUC0-infinity)."	( Pharmacokinetic investigation of dose proportionality with a 24-hour controlled-release formulation of hydromorphone. Gupta, SK; Sathyan, G; Thipphawong, J; Xu, E, 2007)	0.34
" Median Tmax (12."	( Pharmacokinetic investigation of dose proportionality with a 24-hour controlled-release formulation of hydromorphone. Gupta, SK; Sathyan, G; Thipphawong, J; Xu, E, 2007)	0.34
"The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of a novel, once-daily, controlled-release formulation of hydromorphone (OROS hydromorphone) in the presence of alcohol."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of a 24-hour controlled-release OROS formulation of hydromorphone in the presence of alcohol. Sathyan, G; Sivakumar, K; Thipphawong, J, 2008)	0.35
" Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined with computer software."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy dogs. Hogan, BK; Krugner-Higby, LA; KuKanich, B; Smith, LJ, 2008)	0.35
" pharmacokinetic data on 670 drugs representing, to our knowledge, the largest publicly available set of human clinical pharmacokinetic data."	( Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds. Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Waters, NJ, 2008)	0.35
" Plasma hydromorphone only was measured by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) with electrochemical detection and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated."	( Pharmacokinetics and physiological effects of intravenous hydromorphone in conscious dogs. Guedes, AG; Papich, MG; Rider, MA; Rude, EP, 2008)	0.35
"To describe the pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone (HM) and its primary metabolite hydromorphone-3-glucuronide (H3G) both on and off dialysis in relation to the pharmacodynamic measurements of pain."	( Pain management in chronic kidney disease: the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of hydromorphone and hydromorphone-3-glucuronide in hemodialysis patients. Davison, SN; Mayo, PR, )	0.13
"Information and comments on the pharmacokinetic processes associated with a new once-daily formulation of the potent opiod hydromorphone."	( The pharmacokinetics of a long-acting OROS hydromorphone formulation. Gröning, R; Richarz, U; Sathyan, G; Thipphawong, J; Turgeon, J, 2010)	0.36
"This review presents an overview of data from several small pharmacokinetic studies to gain a better perspective on the pharmacokinetic properties of a new long-acting formulation of hydromorphone."	( The pharmacokinetics of a long-acting OROS hydromorphone formulation. Gröning, R; Richarz, U; Sathyan, G; Thipphawong, J; Turgeon, J, 2010)	0.36
"The results of these studies indicate that LE-hydro has a pharmacokinetic and behavioral side effects profile consistent with an analgesic that could be tested for surgical use in animals."	( Pharmacokinetics and behavioral effects of liposomal hydromorphone suitable for perioperative use in rhesus macaques. Brown, C; Heath, TD; Krugner-Higby, L; KuKanich, B; Schmidt, B, 2011)	0.37
" Tramadol is thought to have limited abuse potential compared to mu opioid agonists, but laboratory data indicate that it shares some of their pharmacodynamic effects."	( Pharmacodynamic profile of tramadol in humans: influence of naltrexone pretreatment. Craig, LB; Lofwall, MR; Nuzzo, PA; Siegel, AJ; Stoops, WW; Walsh, SL, 2012)	0.38
"This study evaluated the effect of mu opioid receptor blockade with naltrexone on the pharmacodynamic action of tramadol in humans."	( Pharmacodynamic profile of tramadol in humans: influence of naltrexone pretreatment. Craig, LB; Lofwall, MR; Nuzzo, PA; Siegel, AJ; Stoops, WW; Walsh, SL, 2012)	0.38
" Pharmacodynamic effects were measured before and for 7 h after initial drug administration."	( Pharmacodynamic profile of tramadol in humans: influence of naltrexone pretreatment. Craig, LB; Lofwall, MR; Nuzzo, PA; Siegel, AJ; Stoops, WW; Walsh, SL, 2012)	0.38
" The mean hydrocodone CMAX was 11."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydrocodone and hydromorphone after oral hydrocodone in healthy Greyhound dogs. KuKanich, B; Spade, J, 2013)	0.39
" Serum opioid concentrations were measured with HPLC-MS and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using commercial software and non-compartmental methods."	( Pharmacokinetics of ammonium sulfate gradient loaded liposome-encapsulated oxymorphone and hydromorphone in healthy dogs. Heath, TD; Krugner-Higby, LA; Kukanich, BK; Schmidt, BH; Smith, LJ, 2013)	0.39
" Population pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling."	( Population pharmacokinetic modeling of hydromorphone in cardiac surgery patients during postoperative pain therapy. Fechner, J; Fröhlich, K; Ihmsen, H; Jeleazcov, C; Krajinovic, L; Mell, J; Saari, TI; Schüttler, J, 2014)	0.4
"The final pharmacokinetic model gave a robust representation of hydromorphone pharmacokinetics."	( Population pharmacokinetic modeling of hydromorphone in cardiac surgery patients during postoperative pain therapy. Fechner, J; Fröhlich, K; Ihmsen, H; Jeleazcov, C; Krajinovic, L; Mell, J; Saari, TI; Schüttler, J, 2014)	0.4
" To determine whether ethnic differences affect the drug's pharmacokinetic (PK) profile, we evaluated the dose proportionality of OROS hydromorphone in healthy Taiwanese adults."	( Dose proportionality and pharmacokinetics of extended-release (OROS®) hydromorphone: a phase 1, open-label, randomized, crossover study in healthy Taiwanese subjects. Lu, CC; Richards, HM; Richarz, U; Vandenbossche, J, 2014)	0.4
" Plasma hydromorphone concentrations were determined by means of liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with a noncompartmental model."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intravenous and intramuscular administration of a single dose to American kestrels (Falco sparverius). Drazenovich, TL; Guzman, DS; KuKanich, B; Olsen, GH; Paul-Murphy, JR, 2014)	0.4
" After intravenous administration, the median clearance and terminal half-life were 37."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone after intravenous and intramuscular administration in male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Christe, KL; Kelly, KR; Pypendop, BH, 2014)	0.4
" Blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analysis of study drugs and their metabolites over an 8-hour period beginning after the second dose of the study medication."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydrocodone and tramadol administered for control of postoperative pain in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy. Benitez, ME; KuKanich, B; McMurphy, R; Roush, JK, 2015)	0.42
" The terminal half-life for hydrocodone was 15."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydrocodone and tramadol administered for control of postoperative pain in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy. Benitez, ME; KuKanich, B; McMurphy, R; Roush, JK, 2015)	0.42
" This study examined the influence of the coadministration of paroxetine, a strong selective CYP2D6 inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetic properties of hydrocodone (and hydromorphone) in healthy adults."	( Effects of paroxetine, a CYP2D6 inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetic properties of hydrocodone after coadministration with a single-entity, once-daily, extended-release hydrocodone tablet. Cipriano, A; Friedman, K; Harris, SC; Kapil, RP; Michels, G; Mondal, SA; Shet, M, 2015)	0.42
"Hydrocodone mean Cmax and t½ and median Tmax values were similar with paroxetine or placebo coadministration (16."	( Effects of paroxetine, a CYP2D6 inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetic properties of hydrocodone after coadministration with a single-entity, once-daily, extended-release hydrocodone tablet. Cipriano, A; Friedman, K; Harris, SC; Kapil, RP; Michels, G; Mondal, SA; Shet, M, 2015)	0.42
"We recently developed a new population pharmacokinetic model for hydromorphone in patients including age and bodyweight as covariates."	( External Validation of a Recently Developed Population Pharmacokinetic Model for Hydromorphone During Postoperative Pain Therapy. Ihmsen, H; Jeleazcov, C; Rohde, D; Schüttler, J, 2017)	0.46
" Hydromorphone was administered postoperatively on the intensive care unit as target controlled infusion (TCI) for patient controlled analgesia (TCI-PCA) using the new pharmacokinetic model, or as conventional patient controlled analgesia (PCA)."	( External Validation of a Recently Developed Population Pharmacokinetic Model for Hydromorphone During Postoperative Pain Therapy. Ihmsen, H; Jeleazcov, C; Rohde, D; Schüttler, J, 2017)	0.46
" The mean values (95 % CI) of MDPE, MDAPE, wobble and divergence for the new pharmacokinetic model were 11."	( External Validation of a Recently Developed Population Pharmacokinetic Model for Hydromorphone During Postoperative Pain Therapy. Ihmsen, H; Jeleazcov, C; Rohde, D; Schüttler, J, 2017)	0.46
"The new pharmacokinetic model of hydromorphone showed a good precision and a better performance than older models."	( External Validation of a Recently Developed Population Pharmacokinetic Model for Hydromorphone During Postoperative Pain Therapy. Ihmsen, H; Jeleazcov, C; Rohde, D; Schüttler, J, 2017)	0.46
" Noncompartmental analysis of sparse data was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Evaluation of the thermal antinociceptive effects and pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intramuscular administration to cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus). Beaufrère, H; Guzman, DS; Houck, EL; Knych, HK; Paul-Murphy, JR, 2018)	0.48
"To determine pharmacokinetic dosing strategy in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) based on two subcutaneously (SC) administered doses of hydromorphone (0."	( Pharmacokinetics of subcutaneously administered hydromorphone in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans). Cox, S; Hawkins, SJ; Sladky, K; Yaw, TJ, 2019)	0.51
" Blood samples were taken through 24 hours postdose, and pharmacodynamic end points (Drug Liking, Feeling High, Take Drug Again, Overall Drug Liking) were assessed through eight hours postdose."	( Pharmacokinetics and Abuse Potential of Asalhydromorphone, a Novel Prodrug of Hydromorphone, After Intranasal Administration in Recreational Drug Users. Barrett, AC; Braeckman, R; Guenther, S; Kelsh, D; Mickle, TC; Smith, A; Vince, B, 2020)	0.56
" Noncompartmental analysis of data was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intravenous and intramuscular administration in guinea pigs ( Ambros, B; Knych, HK; Sadar, MJ, 2020)	0.56
"To determine the physiologic and behavioral effects and pharmacokinetic profile of hydromorphone administered intravenously (IV) to horses."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy horses. Clark-Price, SC; DiMaio Knych, H; Keating, SC; Lascola, KM; Martins, FC; Schaeffer, DJ, 2020)	0.56
" Due to lack of data, pediatric dosing (based on adult pharmacokinetic models) is not optimal."	( Hydromorphone population pharmacokinetics in pediatric surgical patients. Balyan, R; Chidambaran, V; Dong, M; Geisler, K; Pilipenko, V; Vinks, AA, 2020)	0.56
" Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was used for pharmacokinetic model development."	( Hydromorphone population pharmacokinetics in pediatric surgical patients. Balyan, R; Chidambaran, V; Dong, M; Geisler, K; Pilipenko, V; Vinks, AA, 2020)	0.56
"Hydromorphone pharmacokinetic profiles were adequately described by a two-compartmental model with first-order elimination."	( Hydromorphone population pharmacokinetics in pediatric surgical patients. Balyan, R; Chidambaran, V; Dong, M; Geisler, K; Pilipenko, V; Vinks, AA, 2020)	0.56
"After intravenous hydromorphone, plasma pharmacokinetic profiles in children undergoing different surgeries were well described by a two-compartment population allometric pharmacokinetic model using bodyweight as the size descriptor."	( Hydromorphone population pharmacokinetics in pediatric surgical patients. Balyan, R; Chidambaran, V; Dong, M; Geisler, K; Pilipenko, V; Vinks, AA, 2020)	0.56
" Plasma hydromorphone concentrations were determined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with a compartmental model."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intramuscular and intravenous administration of a single dose to orange-winged Amazon parrots ( Douglas, J; Knych, H; Paul-Murphy, JR; Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, D, 2020)	0.56
" Further pharmacokinetic studies of hydromorphone and its metabolites, including investigation of multiple doses, different routes of administration, and sustained-release formulations, are recommended."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intramuscular and intravenous administration of a single dose to orange-winged Amazon parrots ( Douglas, J; Knych, H; Paul-Murphy, JR; Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, D, 2020)	0.56

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Continuous Reaction Time (CRT) was measured in cancer patients receiving peripherally acting analgesics either alone (n = 16) or in combination with opioids (n = 16)."	( Reaction time in cancer patients receiving peripherally acting analgesics alone or in combination with opioids. Banning, A; Kaiser, F; Sjøgren, P, 1992)	0.28
"Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions with morphine, hydromorphone, and oxymorphone are reviewed in this column."	( Pharmacokinetic drug interactions of morphine, codeine, and their derivatives: theory and clinical reality, part I. Armstrong, SC; Cozza, KL, )	0.13
"Although caudal morphine may result in more sustained initial analgesia, caudal clonidine combined with nurse-controlled analgesia appears to provide comparable analgesia with fewer side effects."	( A comparison of single-dose caudal clonidine, morphine, or hydromorphone combined with ropivacaine in pediatric patients undergoing ureteral reimplantation. Carvallo, D; Johnson, JL; Mazurek, MS; Presson, RG; Vetter, TR, 2007)	0.34
"To compare the efficacy and cardiorespiratory effects of dexmedetomidine-ketamine in combination with butorphanol, hydromorphone, or buprenorphine with or without reversal by atipamezole in cats undergoing castration."	( Evaluation of dexmedetomidine and ketamine in combination with various opioids as injectable anesthetic combinations for castration in cats. Austin, BR; Barletta, M; Ko, JC; Krimins, RA; Payton, ME; Weil, AB, 2011)	0.37
" The objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of OROS® hydromorphone combined with pregabalin in patients with chronic non-cancer neuropathic pain."	( Long-term efficacy of OROS® hydromorphone combined with pregabalin for chronic non-cancer neuropathic pain. Casali, M; Dauri, M; Lazzari, M; Sabato, AF; Sabato, E; Tufaro, G, 2014)	0.4
"To determine which non-narcotic analgesic, acetaminophen (Ofirmev®) or ketorolac (Toradol®), provides better post-operative pain control when combined with an opioid patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) pump."	( A prospective randomized trial of intravenous ketorolac vs. acetaminophen administered with opioid patient-controlled analgesia in gynecologic surgery. Ahmad, S; Bigsby, GE; Ghurani, GB; Holloway, RW; James, JA; Jeppson, CN; Kendrick, JE; Rakowski, JA, 2019)	0.51
" The present study was conducted to explore an ideal concentration of nalbuphine for post-CS intravenous analgesia by evaluating the analgesic effects and side-effects of three different concentrations of nalbuphine combined with hydromorphone for post-CS intravenous analgesia in healthy parturients."	( A comparative study of three concentrations of intravenous nalbuphine combined with hydromorphone for post-cesarean delivery analgesia. Chen, XZ; Huang, CY; Li, SX; Xu, LL; Yang, MJ, 2020)	0.56
"To determine the dose of alfaxalone for IM administration combined with dexmedetomidine and hydromorphone that would allow endoscopic-guided orotracheal intubation in rabbits without causing a decrease in respiratory rate or apnea."	( Assessment of intramuscular administration of three doses of alfaxalone combined with hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine for endoscopic-guided orotracheal intubation in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Cremer, J; da Cunha, A; Hampton, CE; Liu, CC; Nevarez, JG; Queiroz-Williams, P; Reabel, SN, 2021)	0.62
"Increasing doses of alfaxalone combined with hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine increased the success rate of endoscopic-guided orotracheal intubation."	( Assessment of intramuscular administration of three doses of alfaxalone combined with hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine for endoscopic-guided orotracheal intubation in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Cremer, J; da Cunha, A; Hampton, CE; Liu, CC; Nevarez, JG; Queiroz-Williams, P; Reabel, SN, 2021)	0.62
"To explore the effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine (DM) combined with hydromorphone (HM) in postoperative analgesia and on levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in PCa patients."	( [Effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine combined with hydromorphone in postoperative analgesia and on the serum IL-6 and CRP levels of prostate cancer patients]. Gao, X; Gong, RJ; Li, YH; Xia, XQ; Yang, ZH; Yu, YB, 2021)	0.62
"Low-dose dexmedetomidine combined with hydromorphone is a safe and effective option for postoperative analgesia in PCa patients, and it can inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors."	( [Effects of low-dose dexmedetomidine combined with hydromorphone in postoperative analgesia and on the serum IL-6 and CRP levels of prostate cancer patients]. Gao, X; Gong, RJ; Li, YH; Xia, XQ; Yang, ZH; Yu, YB, 2021)	0.62
"To evaluate the analgesic effect of butorphanol tartrate combined with hydromorphone on the patients with cesarean section, we conducted a prospective cohort study."	( Analgesic effect of butorphanol tartrate combined with hydromorphone on patients with cesarean section: A prospective cohort study. Gong, X; Xie, S; Zhang, G; Zhang, Y, 2022)	0.72

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Plasma hydromorphone concentrations measured at 24 h and 48 h of infusion showed stable steady-state pharmacokinetics; the mean bioavailability from subcutaneous infusion was 78% of that with intravenous infusion."	( Comparison of continuous subcutaneous and intravenous hydromorphone infusions for management of cancer pain. Bouquillon, AI; Kreeft, JH; Moulin, DE; Murray-Parsons, N, 1991)	0.28
"The absolute bioavailability of hydromorphone was investigated in eight healthy male subjects by a cross-over design (with washout period of two weeks) after intravenous (2 mg), peroral (4 mg) and rectal (3 mg) administration of hydromorphone."	( Absolute bioavailability of hydromorphone after peroral and rectal administration in humans: saliva/plasma ratio and clinical effects. Coyle, DE; Denson, DD; Gregg, RV; Parab, PV; Ritschel, WA, 1987)	0.27
" The absolute bioavailability after peroral administration was 50."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone after intravenous, peroral and rectal administration to human subjects. Coyle, DE; Denson, DD; Gregg, RV; Parab, PV; Ritschel, WA, )	0.13
" A plasma concentration-time curve from a subject administered a single oral dose of hydromorphone demonstrates the usefulness of the assay in monitoring drug levels in a bioavailability study."	( Radioimmunoassay of hydromorphone and hydrocodone in human plasma. Honigberg, IL; Stewart, JT, 1980)	0.26
" Controlled-release hydromorphone demonstrated equivalent bioavailability and acceptable CR characteristics, when compared with IR hydromorphone (CR vs."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone and hydromorphone-3-glucuronide in cancer patients after immediate and controlled-release hydromorphone. Babul, N; Darke, AC; Dhaliwal, HS; Hagen, N; Harsanyi, Z; Thirlwell, MP, 1995)	0.29
" Oral bioavailability is low."	( Hydromorphone: pharmacology and clinical applications in cancer patients. Nelson, KA; Sarhill, N; Walsh, D, 2001)	0.31
" The increased bioavailability from the OROS formulation may be related to decreased metabolism by a first-pass effect or enterohepatic recycling of hydromorphone."	( Input characteristics and bioavailability after administration of immediate and a new extended-release formulation of hydromorphone in healthy volunteers. Angst, MS; Drover, DR; Naidu, S; Ramaswamy, B; Stanski, DR; Valle, M; Verotta, D, 2002)	0.31
"Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability were determined for two doses of intranasal hydromorphone in healthy volunteers."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of single-dose intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy volunteers. Archer, SM; Coda, BA; Rudy, AC; Wermeling, DP, 2003)	0.32
"To investigate the effect of the nasal corticosteroid fluticasone propionate on the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of single-dose intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in patients with allergic rhinitis."	( Effect of fluticasone propionate nasal spray on bioavailability of intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in patients with allergic rhinitis. Archer, SM; Davis, GA; McNamara, PJ; Rudy, AC; Wermeling, DP, 2004)	0.32
" Mean (% coefficient of variation) absolute bioavailability of intranasal hydromorphone was 51."	( Effect of fluticasone propionate nasal spray on bioavailability of intranasal hydromorphone hydrochloride in patients with allergic rhinitis. Archer, SM; Davis, GA; McNamara, PJ; Rudy, AC; Wermeling, DP, 2004)	0.32
" Study 1 investigated the bioavailability of 24-mg HHER fed, as well as 24-mg and 12-mg HHER and 8-mg hydromorphone hydrochloride immediate-release (HHIR) tablets fasting."	( Clinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of once-daily hydromorphone hydrochloride extended-release capsules. Cipriano, A; El-Tahtawy, A; Harris, S; Vashi, V; Wu, D, 2005)	0.33
"Standard bioavailability measures show minimal effect of food on the bioavailability of hydromorphone from OROS hydromorphone."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of a 24-hour controlled-release OROS formulation of hydromorphone in the presence and absence of food. Gupta, SK; Sathyan, G; Thipphawong, J; Xu, E, 2007)	0.34
" Human oral bioavailability is an important pharmacokinetic property, which is directly related to the amount of drug available in the systemic circulation to exert pharmacological and therapeutic effects."	( Hologram QSAR model for the prediction of human oral bioavailability. Andricopulo, AD; Moda, TL; Montanari, CA, 2007)	0.34
" Though oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate has reduced bioavailability (25%), it inherits potential for breakthrough pain management."	( Pediatric palliative care: use of opioids for the management of pain. Anderson, BJ; Craig, F; Michel, E; Zernikow, B, 2009)	0.35
" The bioavailability of hydromorphone from OROS hydromorphone is minimally affected by food or alcohol (ethanol)."	( Use of hydromorphone, with particular reference to the OROS formulation, in the elderly. Finco, G; Lussier, D; Richarz, U, 2010)	0.36
" This study shows that the bioavailability of extended-release hydromorphone is not affected by food and that the bioavailability of extended-release hydromorphone under fasting conditions is comparable with that of the immediate-release formulation when administered at the same total daily dose."	( A randomized study of the effects of food on the pharmacokinetics of once-daily extended-release hydromorphone in healthy volunteers. Ariyawansa, J; Marricco, NC; Moore, KT; Morelli, G; Natarajan, J; Pagé, V; Richarz, U; St-Fleur, D, 2011)	0.37
" This study characterized the bioavailability of these drugs following buccal administration to cats."	( Bioavailability of morphine, methadone, hydromorphone, and oxymorphone following buccal administration in cats. Ilkiw, JE; Pypendop, BH; Shilo-Benjamini, Y, 2014)	0.4
"Results indicated hydromorphone hydrochloride had high bioavailability and rapid elimination after IM administration, with a short terminal half-life, rapid plasma clearance, and large volume of distribution in American kestrels."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intravenous and intramuscular administration of a single dose to American kestrels (Falco sparverius). Drazenovich, TL; Guzman, DS; KuKanich, B; Olsen, GH; Paul-Murphy, JR, 2014)	0.4
" Median intramuscular bioavailability was 92% (range, 75% to 104%)."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone after intravenous and intramuscular administration in male rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Christe, KL; Kelly, KR; Pypendop, BH, 2014)	0.4
"Failure to recognize the impact of various situations described throughout this work, including the bioavailability due to loss of oral route, due to pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the various drugs, either in the context of the impaired metabolism or excretion, or in due to pharmacological interactions, conditions a serious risk of subtreatment of pain and consequent impact in terms of quality of life."	( [Opioids for Cancer Pain and its Use under Particular Conditions: A Narrative Review]. Brás, M; Fragoso, M; Vieira, C, 2019)	0.51
"IM hydromorphone has high bioavailability and provides a similar degree of antinociception to IV administration."	( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of hydromorphone after intravenous and intramuscular administration in horses. Barletta, M; Knych, HK; Reed, RA; Ruch, MM; Ryan, CA; Sakai, DM; Smyth, CA, 2020)	0.56
" Hydromorphone had high bioavailability after IM administration."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intravenous and intramuscular administration in guinea pigs ( Ambros, B; Knych, HK; Sadar, MJ, 2020)	0.56
" After IM administration, mean bioavailability was 97."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intramuscular and intravenous administration of a single dose to orange-winged Amazon parrots ( Douglas, J; Knych, H; Paul-Murphy, JR; Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, D, 2020)	0.56
"Hydromorphone hydrochloride had high bioavailability and rapid elimination after IM administration, with rapid plasma clearance and a large volume of distribution after IV administration in orange-winged Amazon parrots."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride after intramuscular and intravenous administration of a single dose to orange-winged Amazon parrots ( Douglas, J; Knych, H; Paul-Murphy, JR; Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, D, 2020)	0.56
"Hydromorphone had a high bioavailability of 170."	( High bioavailability, short half-life, and metabolism into hydromorphone-3-glucuronide following single intramuscular and intravenous administration of hydromorphone hydrochloride to great horned owls (Bubo virginianus). Hawkins, MG; Knych, HK; Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, D; Sosa-Higareda, M, 2023)	0.91
" Hydromorphone rapidly attained plasma concentrations following IM administration and had high bioavailability and short t1/2."	( High bioavailability, short half-life, and metabolism into hydromorphone-3-glucuronide following single intramuscular and intravenous administration of hydromorphone hydrochloride to great horned owls (Bubo virginianus). Hawkins, MG; Knych, HK; Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, D; Sosa-Higareda, M, 2023)	0.91

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" This study demonstrates the feasibility of well-controlled analgesic assays employing the double-dummy technique to compare suppositoreis with oral or parenteral analgesic dosage forms."	( A comparison of the analgesic effect of oxymorphone by rectal suppository and intramuscular injection in patients with postoperative pain. Beaver, WT; Feise, GA, )	0.13
" The present protocol was designed to study the precision with which patients respond to minute changes in the level of a narcotic (hydromorphone) at the target site: this was achieved by varying in a double-blind fashion the amount of narcotic delivered in response to triggering the apparatus and noting how the patient adapts the dosing interval in response to the imposed changes."	( Drugs or drums: what relieves postoperative pain? Keeri-Szanto, M, 1979)	0.26
"Patient selectivity, narcotic dosing requirements, discharge rate, patient preference for analgesic regimen, side effects, complications and cost-effectiveness."	( Subcutaneous narcotic infusions for cancer pain: treatment outcome and guidelines for use. Chester, MA; Geoghegan, MF; Goodwin, VA; Johnson, NG; Moulin, DE; Murray-Parsons, N, 1992)	0.28
" A daily 8-mg SL dosage was sufficient to maintain individuals without producing reports of withdrawal symptoms."	( Development of buprenorphine for the treatment of opioid dependence. Fudala, PJ; Johnson, RE, 1992)	0.28
" CI was always preceded by a period of repetitive dosing of opioids."	( I.v. infusion of opioids for cancer pain: clinical review and guidelines for use. Foley, KM; Inturrisi, CE; Moulin, DE; Portenoy, RK; Rogers, A, 1986)	0.27
" There were significant differences between the two groups in pain score, patient assessment of analgesia quality, time to first analgesic intervention, and total dosage of hydromorphone during the first 24 hours."	( Epidural hydromorphone for postcesarean analgesia. Chestnut, DH; Choi, WW; Isbell, TJ, 1986)	0.27
" The study was done in three phases: a training phase in which training drugs were identified to subjects by letter code before the session, a test of acquisition phase in which the subject's ability to identify the training drug by letter code was tested and a generalization phase in which dose-response curves for the two active training drugs were tested."	( Three-choice drug discrimination in opioid-dependent humans: hydromorphone, naloxone and saline. Bickel, W; Bigelow, GE; Liebson, IA; Preston, KL, 1987)	0.27
" Dose-response curves at 1 hr revealed similar potencies of oxymorphone and the derivatives, with the exception of OxyPNPH which was significantly less potent."	( Irreversible opiate agonists and antagonists. IV. Analgesic actions of 14-hydroxydihydromorphinone hydrazones. Bodnar, RJ; Burks, TF; Clark, JE; Hahn, EF; Pasternak, GW; Williams, CL, 1988)	0.27
" Physiologic measures and subject- and observer-rated behavioral responses were measured before dosing and for 120 min after drug administration."	( Buprenorphine and naloxone alone and in combination in opioid-dependent humans. Bigelow, GE; Liebson, IA; Preston, KL, 1988)	0.27
" Physiologic measures and subject- and observer-rated behavioral responses were measured before dosing and for 2 hr after drug administration."	( Butorphanol-precipitated withdrawal in opioid-dependent human volunteers. Bigelow, GE; Liebson, IA; Preston, KL, 1988)	0.27
" Knowing that there is a low concentration of narcotic in the blood of a patient with chronic severe pain who is receiving high drug doses and who shows lack of both efficacy and side effects may reassure health care professionals that further narcotic dosage escalation is appropriate."	( Hydromorphone levels and pain control in patients with severe chronic pain. Drayer, DE; Erle, H; Goodman, H; Gray, G; Leipzig, RM; Lorenzo, B; Meyer, BR; Reidenberg, MM, 1988)	0.27
" Nalbuphine was not consistently identified as either pentazocine or hydromorphone and produced relatively flat dose-response functions on most of the subjective effect measures."	( Drug discrimination in human postaddicts: agonist-antagonist opioids. Bickel, WK; Bigelow, GE; Liebson, IA; Preston, KL, 1989)	0.28
" Adverse reactions occurred more often with higher doses of morphine and codeine; the dose-response relationship could not be evaluated for the other three drugs."	( Clinical effects of parenteral narcotics in hospitalized medical patients. Miller, RR, 1980)	0.26
" Although the patient gave no previous history of narcotic use or abuse, he required morphine dosing rates as high as 56 mg/h to maintain adequate analgesia."	( Extraordinary analgesic requirement in a patient previously unexposed to narcotics. Batenhorst, RL; Baumann, TJ; Bennett, RL; Foster, TS; Graves, DA; Griffen, WO; Plumlee, JE, )	0.13
"The short elimination half-life of hydromorphone necessitates 4-hourly dosing to maintain optimal levels of analgesia in patients with chronic cancer pain."	( Comparative clinical efficacy and safety of immediate release and controlled release hydromorphone for chronic severe cancer pain. Babul, N; Darke, AC; Dhaliwal, H; Hagen, N; Harsanyi, Z; Hays, H; Thirlwell, M, 1994)	0.29
" The authors conclude that CR hydromorphone provides a pharmacokinetic profile consistent with 12 hourly dosing and that at steady state, oral hydromorphone is extensively metabolized to H3G, although the pharmacologic activity of this metabolite remains unknown."	( Steady-state pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone and hydromorphone-3-glucuronide in cancer patients after immediate and controlled-release hydromorphone. Babul, N; Darke, AC; Dhaliwal, HS; Hagen, N; Harsanyi, Z; Thirlwell, MP, 1995)	0.29
" These systems allowed bolus dosing and also provided a basic level of analgesic protection through continuous drug infusion."	( Differences among patients in opioid self-administration during bone marrow transplantation. Chapman, CR; Donaldson, GW; Hautman, B; Jacobson, RC, 1997)	0.3
" The dosing of the narcotic analgesics incorporates seldom-used, but well-published pharmacokinetics."	( Oral narcotic protocol to reduce narcotic injections in refractory migraine patients. Adelman, JU; Von Seggern, RL, 1997)	0.3
"7 for M/HM when rotating from HM to M in patients exposed to chronic dosing of these opioids."	( Dose ratio between morphine and hydromorphone in patients with cancer pain: a retrospective study. Bruera, E; Hanson, J; Lawlor, P; Turner, K, 1997)	0.3
"Although methadone maintenance remains the best available treatment for opioid addiction, the need for daily oral dosing limits the effectiveness of methadone as opioid substitution therapy."	( Hydromorphone polymer implant. A potential alternative to methadone maintenance. Grossman, SA; Rhodes, DJ, )	0.13
" Orderly dose-response functions suggested that our cumulative-dosing procedure is an efficient way of determining dose-response functions for multiple opioids within the same subjects within the same study."	( Subjective, psychomotor, and physiological effects of cumulative doses of opioid mu agonists in healthy volunteers. Walker, DJ; Zacny, JP, 1999)	0.3
" Participants in the low-dose group exhibited a significant leftward shift in the dose-response function for discrimination performance, which is concordant with previous preclinical and human drug discrimination studies that assessed the effects of training dose."	( Effects of training dose on the relationship between discriminative-stimulus and self-reported drug effects of d-amphetamine in humans. Kollins, SH; Rush, CR, 1999)	0.3
" Dosing was double-blind and double-dummy."	( Effects of buprenorphine versus buprenorphine/naloxone tablets in non-dependent opioid abusers. Bigelow, GE; Stoller, K; Strain, EC; Walsh, SL, 2000)	0.31
" Pentazocine produced an inverted U-shaped dose-response curve with complete substitution at 32 mg/70 kg but not at 64 mg/70 kg."	( Effects of agonist-antagonist opioids in humans trained in a hydromorphone/not hydromorphone discrimination. Bigelow, GE; Preston, KL, 2000)	0.31
" However, the dose-response functions for opioid agonists are complex in that low doses increase ethanol self-administration, whereas moderate to high doses decrease ethanol self-administration."	( Pretreatment with hydromorphone, a mu-opioid agonist, does not alter the acute behavioral and physiological effects of ethanol in humans. Rush, CR, 2001)	0.31
" As the surgical wound was being closed, the catheters were dosed with fentanyl and hydromorphone followed by a continuous infusion of ropivacaine plus hydromorphone."	( A dual epidural catheter technique to provide analgesia following posterior spinal fusion for scoliosis in children and adolescents. Bildner, C; Gaines, RW; Kittle, D; Lowry, KJ; Tobias, JD, 2001)	0.31
" Test sessions were twice per week; dosing was double-blind."	( Effects of buprenorphine/naloxone in opioid-dependent humans. Bigelow, GE; Stoller, KB; Strain, EC; Walsh, SL, 2001)	0.31
"To present the authors' technique for epidural catheter placement and dosing protocol, and to demonstrate the results from postoperative pain control after anterior spinal instrumented fusion for 10 consecutive patients."	( Postoperative pain control using epidural catheters after anterior spinal fusion for adolescent scoliosis. Burd, T; Gaines, RW; Kittle, D; Lowry, KJ; Tobias, J, 2001)	0.31
" The authors believe that this lack of consensus stems from varied epidural dosing protocols and techniques in catheter placement, which they have witnessed anecdotally at their own institution."	( Postoperative pain control using epidural catheters after anterior spinal fusion for adolescent scoliosis. Burd, T; Gaines, RW; Kittle, D; Lowry, KJ; Tobias, J, 2001)	0.31
" Dosing consisted of fentanyl (1 microg/kg) and hydromorphone (5 microg/kg) diluted in preservative-free saline (0."	( Postoperative pain control using epidural catheters after anterior spinal fusion for adolescent scoliosis. Burd, T; Gaines, RW; Kittle, D; Lowry, KJ; Tobias, J, 2001)	0.31
"By following the dosing protocol described, epidural catheters can be used safely and effectively to control postoperative pain after anterior instrumentation and spinal fusion for adolescent scoliosis."	( Postoperative pain control using epidural catheters after anterior spinal fusion for adolescent scoliosis. Burd, T; Gaines, RW; Kittle, D; Lowry, KJ; Tobias, J, 2001)	0.31
" Thus, our data clearly imply that if H3G crosses the BBB with equivalent efficiency to M3G, then the myoclonus, allodynia and seizures observed in some patients dosed chronically with large systemic doses of HMOR, are almost certainly due to the accumulation of sufficient H3G in the central nervous system, to evoke behavioural excitation."	( Hydromorphone-3-glucuronide: a more potent neuro-excitant than its structural analogue, morphine-3-glucuronide. Mather, LE; Smith, MT; Wright, AW, 2001)	0.31
" Examples for calculating required drug dosage depending on the clinical situation and the route of administration."	( [New Level III opioids of the World Health Organization]. Laval, G; Mallaret, M; Sang, B; Villard, ML, 2002)	0.31
"To test the opioid blockade efficacy of sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone versus buprenorphine alone and determine whether: (1) the blockade efficacy of buprenorphine/naloxone varies between the time of expected maximal and minimal effects of naloxone, (2) the blockade efficacy of buprenorphine/naloxone and buprenorphine varies as a function of maintenance dose level, and (3) there are adaptive changes over time associated with repeated daily dosing of buprenorphine/naloxone and buprenorphine."	( Blockade of hydromorphone effects by buprenorphine/naloxone and buprenorphine. Bigelow, GE; Strain, EC; Walsh, SL, 2002)	0.31
" Changes over time associated with repeated daily dosing of buprenorphine/naloxone and buprenorphine were minimal."	( Blockade of hydromorphone effects by buprenorphine/naloxone and buprenorphine. Bigelow, GE; Strain, EC; Walsh, SL, 2002)	0.31
" C(ssmax) was 26% lower for HHER than HHIR, C(ssmin) was 43% higher for HHER, and peak-to-trough fluctuation was 126% for HHER versus 328% for HHIR, which are ideal attributes of a once-daily oral extended-release dosage form."	( Clinical pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of once-daily hydromorphone hydrochloride extended-release capsules. Cipriano, A; El-Tahtawy, A; Harris, S; Vashi, V; Wu, D, 2005)	0.33
"Two multicenter, randomized, double-blind, crossover studies with identical designs evaluated the efficacy of oral extended-release hydromorphone (HHER) administered q24h compared with immediate-release hydromorphone (HHIR) dosed four times daily in patients with persistent moderate to severe pain."	( Comparative efficacy of oral extended-release hydromorphone and immediate-release hydromorphone in patients with persistent moderate to severe pain: two randomized controlled trials. Buckley, BJ; Grosset, AB; Reder, RF; Roberts, MS; Shi, M; Swanton, RE; Woodson, ME, 2005)	0.33
" Intrathecal drug delivery systems can be highly effective in a variety of patient settings, including cases of refractory pain, diminished performance status, poor tolerability of oral medications, polyanalgesia for complex pain, and inadequate dosing due to addiction concerns."	( Intrathecal drug delivery for the management of cancer pain: a multidisciplinary consensus of best clinical practices. Boortz-Marx, R; Du Pen, S; Friehs, G; Gordon, M; Halyard, M; Herbst, L; Kiser, J; Stearns, L, )	0.13
"Buprenorphine has a long duration of action that allows less than daily dosing for opioid dependence, but pharmacologic characterization of buprenorphine's duration of effects over multiple days is incomplete."	( Effects associated with double-blind omission of buprenorphine/naloxone over a 98-h period. Bigelow, GE; Correia, CJ; Strain, EC; Walsh, SL, 2006)	0.33
"Plasma samples taken predose and at regular intervals up to 48 h after dosing were assayed for hydromorphone concentrations; a mixed-effect analysis of variance was done on log-transformed data."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of a 24-hour controlled-release OROS formulation of hydromorphone in the presence of alcohol. Sathyan, G; Sivakumar, K; Thipphawong, J, 2008)	0.35
"Plasma hydromorphone concentrations were slightly higher after dosing with all alcohol treatments in both the fasted and fed subject groups."	( Pharmacokinetic profile of a 24-hour controlled-release OROS formulation of hydromorphone in the presence of alcohol. Sathyan, G; Sivakumar, K; Thipphawong, J, 2008)	0.35
" This review focuses on the use of hydromorphone for the management of cancer-related pain emphasizing on the various routes of administration as well as dosage forms, and providing a direction for the preference of a particular route depending on the need for a rapid effect and the individual's situation."	( Hydromorphone in the management of cancer-related pain: an update on routes of administration and dosage forms. Kumar, MG; Lin, S, 2007)	0.34
"Hydromorphone has a short half-life, suggesting that frequent dosing intervals are needed."	( Pharmacokinetics of hydromorphone hydrochloride in healthy dogs. Hogan, BK; Krugner-Higby, LA; KuKanich, B; Smith, LJ, 2008)	0.35
" hydromorphone's time of peak analgesic (tail-flick) effect (45 min) and ED50 using standard and cumulative dosing protocols (0."	( Hydromorphone efficacy and treatment protocol impact on tolerance and mu-opioid receptor regulation. Dighe, SV; Kumar, P; Sirohi, S; Sunkaraneni, S; Walker, EA; Yoburn, BC, 2008)	0.35
" HM resulted in > 65 percent reduction in pain over dosing intervals."	( Pain management in chronic kidney disease: the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of hydromorphone and hydromorphone-3-glucuronide in hemodialysis patients. Davison, SN; Mayo, PR, )	0.13
"To assess the safety and efficacy of long-term repeated dosing of OROS hydromorphone in chronic pain patients."	( Long-term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of OROS hydromorphone in patients with chronic pain. Khanna, S; Moulin, DE; Rauck, RL; Skowronski, R; Thipphawong, J; Tudor, IC; Wallace, M, )	0.13
" This study provides an excellent platform on which to build future trials that could include increased baseline dosing for the epidural medications, radiographic confirmation of catheter placement, and dual catheter techniques toward the goal of improving pain control in these patients."	( Epidural analgesia compared with intravenous analgesia after pediatric posterior spinal fusion. Burke, CN; Caird, MS; Farley, FA; Gauger, VT; Kostrzewa, AJ; Voepel-Lewis, TD; Wagner, DS, 2009)	0.35
" OROS hydromorphone (Jurnista, Janssen Pharmaceuticals, NV, Beerse, Belgium) releases hydromorphone over a 24-hour dosing period."	( The role of OROS hydromorphone in the management of cancer pain. Gardner-Nix, J; Mercadante, S, )	0.13
" This study sought to (1) describe the variability in intravenous opioid dosing and (2) compare the outcomes that result from the most commonly prescribed opioid doses."	( Intravenous opioid dosing and outcomes in emergency patients: a prospective cohort analysis. Feng, C; Hays, DP; O'Connor, AB; Zwemer, FL, 2010)	0.36
"We found marked opioid dosing variability and infrequent opioid dose titration."	( Intravenous opioid dosing and outcomes in emergency patients: a prospective cohort analysis. Feng, C; Hays, DP; O'Connor, AB; Zwemer, FL, 2010)	0.36
" In chronic pain management, OROS® products can result in more stable drug concentrations, reduced dosing frequency and an improved safety profile."	( OROS® hydromorphone in chronic pain management: when drug delivery technology matches clinical needs. Coluzzi, F; Mattia, C, 2010)	0.36
" Dosage adjustment is recommended in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class B) and moderate renal impairment (creatinine clearance of 30-60 mL/min)."	( Oral hydromorphone extended-release. Guay, DR, 2010)	0.36
" It also enabled a reduction in the intrathecal opioid dosage leading to a resolution of the acute symptoms attributed to OIH."	( Successful reversal of hyperalgesia/myoclonus complex with low-dose ketamine infusion. Chan, PS; Forero, M; Restrepo-Garces, CE, 2012)	0.38
"Opioid analgesics administered by patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)are frequently used for pain relief in children and adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) hospitalized for persistent vaso-occlusive pain, but optimum opioid dosing is not known."	( Opioid patient controlled analgesia use during the initial experience with the IMPROVE PCA trial: a phase III analgesic trial for hospitalized sickle cell patients with painful episodes. Bell, MC; Dampier, CD; Hsu, L; Keefer, J; Kim, HY; Krishnamurti, L; Mack, AK; McClish, D; McKinlay, SM; Miller, ST; Minniti, CP; Osunkwo, I; Seaman, P; Smith, WR; Telen, MJ; Wager, CG; Weiner, DL, 2011)	0.37
" A critical element to this approach involved providing sufficient immediate-release opioid to treat breakthrough pain and to reverse acute abstinence signs and symptoms if the dosing changes prove insufficient."	( Overdose deaths demand a new paradigm for opioid rotation. Fine, PG; Webster, LR, 2012)	0.38
"" Global assessments of efficacy, dosing convenience, and tolerability were secondary endpoints."	( Sustained safety and efficacy of once-daily hydromorphone extended-release (OROS® hydromorphone ER) compared with twice-daily oxycodone controlled-release over 52 weeks in patients with moderate to severe chronic noncancer pain. Binsfeld, H; Richarz, U; Sabatowski, R; Szczepanski, L; Waechter, S, 2013)	0.39
"To describe dosing regimens and efficacy of continuous infusion hydromorphone in mechanically ventilated children."	( Continuous hydromorphone for pain and sedation in mechanically ventilated infants and children. Dobyns, EL; Ng, J; Reiter, PD, )	0.13
"Hydromorphone dosing requirements, concomitant pain and sedation therapy, patient-specific pain scores (using Face Legs Activity Cry Consolability [FLACC] pain scale), and possible adverse drug events related to therapy."	( Continuous hydromorphone for pain and sedation in mechanically ventilated infants and children. Dobyns, EL; Ng, J; Reiter, PD, )	0.13
" These results suggest that administration of NSAIDs into surgical wounds may be an analgesic alternative to higher systemic dosing of NSAIDs."	( Postoperative subcutaneous instillation of low-dose ketorolac but not hydromorphone reduces wound exudate concentrations of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 and improves analgesia following cesarean delivery. Angst, MS; Carvalho, B; Lemmens, HJ; Ting, V, 2013)	0.39
"Safety results were pooled from 13 controlled and uncontrolled clinical studies, with varying approaches to dosing and titration, pain etiology, and duration of exposure."	( Safety and tolerability of OROS® hydromorphone ER in adults with chronic noncancer and cancer pain: pooled analysis of 13 studies. Hale, ME; Kutch, M; Nalamachu, S; Taylor, DR; Wallace, MS, )	0.13
"Opioid choice was tightly linked with equianalgesic dose, with the median hydromorphone dosage more than 50 percent higher than the dosage of morphine."	( Why do emergency providers choose one opioid over another? A prospective cohort analysis. O'Connor, AB; Rao, A, )	0.13
"Patients were converted from previous opioid therapy to OROS hydromorphone ER using a 5:1 morphine:hydromorphone equianalgesic dosing ratio, with an initial 50 percent reduction of the calculated equianalgesic dose, titrated every 3-4 days to adequate analgesia over 2 weeks."	( Open-label study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of extended-release hydromorphone in patients with chronic neuropathic pain. Bansal, R; Fasbinder, S; Nalamachu, S; Nalamasu, R; Ruck, D, )	0.13
" The application of this patient-derived population model in individualized pain therapy should improve the dosing of hydromorphone in patients undergoing cardiac surgery."	( Population pharmacokinetic modeling of hydromorphone in cardiac surgery patients during postoperative pain therapy. Fechner, J; Fröhlich, K; Ihmsen, H; Jeleazcov, C; Krajinovic, L; Mell, J; Saari, TI; Schüttler, J, 2014)	0.4
" Following intrathecal administration, norhydrocodone produced a shallow analgesia dose-response curve and maximal effect of 15-45%, whereas hydrocodone and hydromorphone produced dose-dependent analgesia."	( In vivo activity of norhydrocodone: an active metabolite of hydrocodone. Navani, DM; Yoburn, BC, 2013)	0.39
"It remains unknown whether initial opioid dosing should optimally be fixed or weight-based."	( Does initial hydromorphone relieve pain best if dosing is fixed or weight based? Birnbaum, A; Choe, D; Hernandez, L; Xia, S, 2014)	0.4
" Dosage and side effects were recorded at each visit."	( Long-term efficacy of OROS® hydromorphone combined with pregabalin for chronic non-cancer neuropathic pain. Casali, M; Dauri, M; Lazzari, M; Sabato, AF; Sabato, E; Tufaro, G, 2014)	0.4
" Thus, a treatment option with the potential for a reduced dosing frequency exists for health care providers and patients."	( Safety and efficacy of once-daily hydromorphone extended-release versus twice-daily oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release in chinese patients with cancer pain: a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study. Han, J; Hou, Y; Richards, HM; Shen, W; Yu, L; Yu, S, 2014)	0.4
"Sufentanil protein binding was significantly dependent on changes in the total drug concentration and volume balance addressing the importance of adequate dosing and fluid-guided therapy."	( Influence of intensive care treatment on the protein binding of sufentanil and hydromorphone during pain therapy in postoperative cardiac surgery patients. Fechner, J; Fröhlich, K; Ihmsen, H; Jeleazcov, C; Mell, J; Saari, TI; Schüttler, J, 2014)	0.4
"To investigate effects of extended-release (ER) hydromorphone dosing time (morning, QAM; evening, QPM) on sleep physiology in patients with chronic low back pain."	( Comparative effects of morning vs. evening dosing of extended-release hydromorphone on sleep physiology in patients with low back pain: a pilot study. Iverson, M; Mackin, S; Smith, MD; Webster, LR, 2015)	0.42
" Overnight polysomnographic sleep studies were performed at baseline, following IR hydromorphone titration, and following each ER hydromorphone dosing period."	( Comparative effects of morning vs. evening dosing of extended-release hydromorphone on sleep physiology in patients with low back pain: a pilot study. Iverson, M; Mackin, S; Smith, MD; Webster, LR, 2015)	0.42
" Secondarily, QAM dosing resulted in numerically fewer apnea episodes and improvements in pulse oximetry measures; however, these differences were not significant (P > 0."	( Comparative effects of morning vs. evening dosing of extended-release hydromorphone on sleep physiology in patients with low back pain: a pilot study. Iverson, M; Mackin, S; Smith, MD; Webster, LR, 2015)	0.42
"ER hydromorphone QAM dosing may be preferred if sleep-disordered breathing associated with ongoing opioid therapy is of concern; however, QPM dosing may be advantageous in terms of pain relief and quality/quantity of sleep."	( Comparative effects of morning vs. evening dosing of extended-release hydromorphone on sleep physiology in patients with low back pain: a pilot study. Iverson, M; Mackin, S; Smith, MD; Webster, LR, 2015)	0.42
"To evaluate the effect of dosing interval on the efficacy of maropitant for prevention of opioid-induced vomiting and signs of nausea in dogs."	( Effect of dosing interval on efficacy of maropitant for prevention of hydromorphone-induced vomiting and signs of nausea in dogs. Hay Kraus, BL, 2014)	0.4
" However, signs of nausea were significantly decreased only when the dosing interval was 60 minutes."	( Effect of dosing interval on efficacy of maropitant for prevention of hydromorphone-induced vomiting and signs of nausea in dogs. Hay Kraus, BL, 2014)	0.4
" Mean daily morphine equivalent dosing decreased from 805."	( Prospective Observational Study of Patient-Controlled Intrathecal Analgesia: Impact on Cancer-Associated Symptoms, Breakthrough Pain Control, and Patient Satisfaction. Brogan, SE; Okifuji, A; Winter, NB, )	0.13
"In this study, the coadministration of single-dose HYD with paroxetine at steady state did not alter systemic exposure to hydrocodone, suggesting that HYD can be coadministered with CYP2D6 inhibitors at therapeutic doses, without dosage modification."	( Effects of paroxetine, a CYP2D6 inhibitor, on the pharmacokinetic properties of hydrocodone after coadministration with a single-entity, once-daily, extended-release hydrocodone tablet. Cipriano, A; Friedman, K; Harris, SC; Kapil, RP; Michels, G; Mondal, SA; Shet, M, 2015)	0.42
" Predefined subgroup analyses and meta-regression did not detect significant differences across subgroups, including a dose-response relationship."	( Ketamine added to morphine or hydromorphone patient-controlled analgesia for acute postoperative pain in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Cheng, D; Johnston, B; Kaushal, A; Martin, J; Wang, L; Zhu, F, 2016)	0.43
" Opioids were not dosed in an equipotent manner."	( The Changing Use of Intravenous Opioids in an Emergency Department. Albertson, TE; Chenoweth, JA; Clarke, SO; Gutierrez, R; Roche, BM; Sutter, ME; Wintemute, GJ, 2015)	0.42
" The JCAHO program likely was at least indirectly responsible for this change in relative dosing of the opioids."	( The Changing Use of Intravenous Opioids in an Emergency Department. Albertson, TE; Chenoweth, JA; Clarke, SO; Gutierrez, R; Roche, BM; Sutter, ME; Wintemute, GJ, 2015)	0.42
" Stable subjects were dosed intravenously on 5 consecutive days."	( Abuse deterrence testing: A dose ratio escalation study examining naloxone coadministered with intravenous hydromorphone in non-treatment-seeking, opioid-dependent drug users. Chakaraborty, B; Geoffroy, P; Levy-Cooperman, N; Michalko, KJ; Reiz, JL; Schoedel, KA; Thompson, D, )	0.13
"Ten of 20 participants reported an effective hydromorphone dosage 12h post-injection."	( Determination of ED Lynde, GC, 2016)	0.43
" With the dosing used in our study, analgesia from morphine lasted longer than hydromorphone via intrathecal and epidural routes; however, neuraxial hydromorphone remains a reasonable option for long-acting analgesia post cesarean delivery."	( Neuraxial opioids for post-cesarean delivery analgesia: can hydromorphone replace morphine? A retrospective study. Balofsky, A; Edwards, K; Feng, C; Iqbal, A; Jackson, M; Kanel, J; Marroquin, B; Newton, M; Rothstein, D; Wissler, R; Wong, E, 2017)	0.46
"When injectable hydromorphone and diacetylmorphine are individually dosed and monitored, their opioid-related side effects, including potential fatal overdoses, are safely mitigated and treated by health care providers."	( Safety profile of injectable hydromorphone and diacetylmorphine for long-term severe opioid use disorder. Anis, AH; Brissette, S; Guh, D; Harrison, S; Janmohamed, A; Jutha, S; Krausz, M; MacDonald, S; Marchand, K; Marsh, DC; Oviedo-Joekes, E; Schechter, MT; Zhang, DZ, 2017)	0.46
" There are advantages and disadvantages in using these 2 opioids which are discussed, and potential dosing strategies are outlined."	( What Parenteral Opioids to Use in Face of Shortages of Morphine, Hydromorphone, and Fentanyl. Behm, B; Davis, MP; Fernandez, C; McPherson, ML; Mehta, Z, 2018)	0.48
" In major inpatient surgery, intraoperative single-dose methadone produces better analgesia and reduces opioid use compared with conventional repeated dosing of short-duration opioids."	( Intraoperative Methadone in Same-Day Ambulatory Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Dose-Finding Pilot Study. Blood, J; Brunt, LM; Deych, E; Kharasch, ED; Komen, H, 2019)	0.51
"15 mg/kg ideal body weight) or conventional as-needed dosing of short-duration opioids (eg, fentanyl, hydromorphone; controls)."	( Intraoperative Methadone in Same-Day Ambulatory Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Dose-Finding Pilot Study. Blood, J; Brunt, LM; Deych, E; Kharasch, ED; Komen, H, 2019)	0.51
" Discharge prescription in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs, a standardized dosing unit that allows for comparison across opioid types) was calculated."	( Prescription Opioid Type and the Likelihood of Prolonged Opioid Use After Orthopaedic Surgery. Basilico, M; Bhashyam, AR; Harris, MB; Heng, M, 2019)	0.51
" Each session used a cumulative dosing design with four IV injections (4, 4, 8, and 16 mg of hydromorphone or 4, 4, 8, and 16 mg of buprenorphine); quantitative sensory testing and abuse liability assessments were measured at baseline and after each injection."	( Analgesic Effects of Hydromorphone versus Buprenorphine in Buprenorphine-maintained Individuals. Bigelow, GE; Edwards, RR; Huhn, AS; Smith, MT; Strain, EC; Tompkins, DA, 2019)	0.51
"To determine pharmacokinetic dosing strategy in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans) based on two subcutaneously (SC) administered doses of hydromorphone (0."	( Pharmacokinetics of subcutaneously administered hydromorphone in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps) and red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans). Cox, S; Hawkins, SJ; Sladky, K; Yaw, TJ, 2019)	0.51
" Due to lack of data, pediatric dosing (based on adult pharmacokinetic models) is not optimal."	( Hydromorphone population pharmacokinetics in pediatric surgical patients. Balyan, R; Chidambaran, V; Dong, M; Geisler, K; Pilipenko, V; Vinks, AA, 2020)	0.56
" To identify optimal patient-controlled analgesia dosing parameters, we simulated several initial loading doses, demand doses, and lockout intervals."	( Hydromorphone population pharmacokinetics in pediatric surgical patients. Balyan, R; Chidambaran, V; Dong, M; Geisler, K; Pilipenko, V; Vinks, AA, 2020)	0.56
"The optimal dosing of post-operative total knee arthroplasty (TKA) narcotics is unclear."	( Average narcotic usage in a group of TKA patients following a modern TKA protocol. Chapman, DM; Costales, TG; Dalury, DF; Greenwell, PH; Volkmann, MC, 2021)	0.62
" Linear mixed models were used to determine if the mean cumulative opioid/sedative dosing differed from the day of conversion versus three 24-hour periods prior to conversion."	( Conversion From Continuous Infusion Fentanyl to Continuous Infusion Hydromorphone in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Harkin, M; Johnson, PN; Lim, SY; Miller, JL; Neely, SB; Walsh, CK, 2021)	0.62
" Patients had a significant decrease in opioid dosing on the day of conversion versus the 24-hour period prior to conversion but no changes in sedative dosing following conversion."	( Conversion From Continuous Infusion Fentanyl to Continuous Infusion Hydromorphone in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Harkin, M; Johnson, PN; Lim, SY; Miller, JL; Neely, SB; Walsh, CK, 2021)	0.62
" Incorrect narcotic dosing (44%), and narcotic count discrepancies (27%) were most commonly reported with active failures being the most commonly reported contributory factors such as failure to review medication orders prior to narcotic administration."	( Threats to Narcotic Safety-A Narrative Review of Narcotic Incidents, Discrepancies and Near-Misses Within a Large Canadian Health System. Bailey, C; Jeffs, L, 2022)	0.72
"Patients with persistent severe cancer pain (≥7 at rest on the 11-point numeric rating scale [NRS]) were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatment arms: (A1) IPCA hydromorphone with bolus-only dose where dosage was 10% to 20% of the total equianalgesic over the previous 24 hours (TEOP24H) administered as needed, (A2) IPCA hydromorphone with continuous infusion where dose per hour was the TEOP24H divided by 24 and bolus dosage for breakthrough pain was 10% to 20% of the TEOP24H, and (B) oral extended-release morphine based on TEOP24H/2 × 75% (because of incomplete cross-tolerance) every 12 hours plus normal-release morphine based on TEOP24H × 10% to 20% for breakthrough pain."	( Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia Versus Oral Opioid to Maintain Analgesia for Severe Cancer Pain: A Randomized Phase II Trial. Chen, H; Huang, C; Li, X; Lin, R; Lin, S; Liu, J; Lu, M; Luo, Y; Lv, X; Su, L; Wu, M; Zhang, Z; Zhao, S; Zhou, M; Zhu, J; Zou, H, 2022)	0.72
" Both exposures were also associated with a reduced probability and reduced total dosage of opioid administration in the PACU."	( Association of Intraoperative Opioid Administration With Postoperative Pain and Opioid Use. Balanza, G; Bharadwaj, KM; Bittner, EA; Das, P; Deng, H; Gutierrez, R; Horgan, C; Houle, TT; Johnson, JJ; Liu, R; Macdonald, T; Pandit, A; Purdon, PL; Santa Cruz Mercado, LA; Stone, TAD; Tou, SLJ, 2023)	0.91
"Optimal intrathecal dosing regimens for hydromorphone are not well established for analgesia after abdominal surgery."	( Retrospective Review of Intrathecal Hydromorphone Dose Range and Complications. Charnin, JE; Nuttall, GA; Portner, ER; Schroeder, DR; Sviggum, HP; Weingarten, TN, 2023)	0.91
"We reviewed intrathecal hydromorphone doses and complications because dosing variability has been observed among anesthesiologists."	( Retrospective Review of Intrathecal Hydromorphone Dose Range and Complications. Charnin, JE; Nuttall, GA; Portner, ER; Schroeder, DR; Sviggum, HP; Weingarten, TN, 2023)	0.91
" Patients were categorized into 3 hydromorphone dosing groups: low-dose (50-100 µg), middle-dose (101-199 µg), and high-dose (200-300 µg)."	( Retrospective Review of Intrathecal Hydromorphone Dose Range and Complications. Charnin, JE; Nuttall, GA; Portner, ER; Schroeder, DR; Sviggum, HP; Weingarten, TN, 2023)	0.91
" Higher rates of severe opioid-related events were detected for patients receiving high-dose hydromorphone in the PACU, but all other safety outcomes were similar between dosing regimens."	( Retrospective Review of Intrathecal Hydromorphone Dose Range and Complications. Charnin, JE; Nuttall, GA; Portner, ER; Schroeder, DR; Sviggum, HP; Weingarten, TN, 2023)	0.91

Role	Description
opioid analgesic	A narcotic or opioid substance, synthetic or semisynthetic agent producing profound analgesia, drowsiness, and changes in mood.
mu-opioid receptor agonist	A compound that exhibits agonist activity at the mu-opioid receptor.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
morphinane alkaloid	An isoquinoline alkaloid based on a morphinan skeleton and its substituted derivatives.
organic heteropentacyclic compound
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
Hydromorphone Action Pathway	31	11

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	137.9700	0.2100	5.5537	10.0000	AID1526751
Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0003	0.0000	0.4197	10.0000	AID416813
Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0380	0.0000	0.5978	9.9300	AID416814
Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0028	0.0000	0.3624	10.0000	AID416815
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0026	0.0000	0.3263	9.4000	AID417156
Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50 (µMol)	0.0110	0.0000	0.2244	8.9900	AID417160
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Km	56.1000	0.4770	4.0308	9.0000	AID1526737
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
xenobiotic metabolic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
acetylcholine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
metanephric proximal tubule development	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
purine-containing compound transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic cation transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-carnitine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
acyl carnitine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine metabolic process	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monocarboxylic acid transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of appetite	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
serotonin uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
epinephrine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
purine-containing compound transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrier	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transport	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxification	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of pain	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathway	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to ethanol	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neurogenesis	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Wnt protein secretion	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
calcium ion transmembrane transport	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to morphine	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular response to stress	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of NMDA receptor activity	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathway	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adult locomotory behavior	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expression	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of CREB transcription factor activity	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to nicotine	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathway	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
eating behavior	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of calcium ion transport	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to growth factor stimulus	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to toxic substance	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathway	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
locomotory behavior	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of pain	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting opioid receptor signaling pathway	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to insulin	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of dopamine secretion	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to nicotine	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor signaling pathway	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
maternal behavior	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
eating behavior	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to estrogen	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
estrous cycle	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ethanol	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of saliva secretion	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to cocaine	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
sensory perception of temperature stimulus	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virus	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to lipopolysaccharide	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose stimulus	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to acrylamide	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of eating behavior	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
conditioned place preference	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathway	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
acetylcholine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
dopamine:sodium symporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
norepinephrine:sodium symporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine nucleoside transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
thiamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
putrescine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
toxin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
(R)-carnitine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
monoamine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
spermidine transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
toxin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
G-protein alpha-subunit binding	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activity	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
beta-endorphin receptor activity	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated calcium channel activity	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
morphine receptor activity	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G-protein beta-subunit binding	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide binding	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor activity	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor serine/threonine kinase binding	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled enkephalin receptor activity	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide binding	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled opioid receptor activity	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor serine/threonine kinase binding	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dynorphin receptor activity	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide binding	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
lateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Solute carrier family 22 member 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear outer membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
endomembrane system	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membrane	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell body	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
presynapse	Solute carrier family 22 member 3	Homo sapiens (human)
endosome	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
axon	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
perikaryon	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Mu-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membrane	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite membrane	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membrane	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
axon terminus	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
spine apparatus	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic density membrane	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuronal dense core vesicle	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Delta-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
sarcoplasmic reticulum	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
T-tubule	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membrane	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic membrane	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
perikaryon	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
axon terminus	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic membrane	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projection	Kappa-type opioid receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID625284	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID540210	Clearance in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID678717	Inhibition of human CYP3A4 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 7-benzyloxyquinoline as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID625280	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1526738	Substrate activity at OCT1 in primary human hepatocytes assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID624620	Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT2B7H	2000	Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40	Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID588216	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID417162	Antagonist activity against human mu opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of DAMGO-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID1526812	Ratio of unbound Cmax in human at 4 mg, po to inhibition of human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in ASP+ substrate uptake by microplate reader based analysis	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID128214	Narcotic agonistic activity in acetic acid mouse writhing assay after subcutaneous administration of the drug	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 24, Issue:12	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 8. 7 alpha-Alkyl-4,5 alpha-epoxymorphinan-6-ones.
AID1526744	Substrate activity at human OCT1*3 allele mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID540209	Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1526813	Ratio of unbound maximal portal vein concentration in human at 4 mg, po to inhibition of human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in ASP+ substrate uptake by microplate reader based analysis	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID588218	FDA HLAED, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID624621	Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT2B7Y	2000	Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40	Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID625281	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID416815	Displacement of [3H]U69,593 from human kappa opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by scintillation counting	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID588219	FDA HLAED, gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID540212	Mean residence time in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID588217	FDA HLAED, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1251035	Analgesic activity in rat by tail flick test	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-08, Volume: 58, Issue:19	Synthesis and Characterization in Vitro and in Vivo of (l)-(Trimethylsilyl)alanine Containing Neurotensin Analogues.
AID128307	Agonistic activity by mouse acetic acid writhing test.	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 25, Issue:8	Novel opiates and antagonists. 4. 7-Alkanoylhydromorphones.
AID588214	FDA HLAED, liver enzyme composite activity	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID416816	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human delta opioid receptor to IC50 for human mu opioid receptor	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID678715	Inhibition of human CYP2D6 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 4-methylaminoethyl-7-methoxycoumarin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID1526734	Substrate activity at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.05 to 0.5 uM incubated for 2 mins in presence of 2 mM MPP+ by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID417161	Agonist activity at human kappa opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding relative to basal level	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID539464	Solubility of the compound in 0.1 M phosphate buffer at 600 uM at pH 7.4 after 24 hrs by LC/MS/MS analysis	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-15, Volume: 20, Issue:24	Experimental solubility profiling of marketed CNS drugs, exploring solubility limit of CNS discovery candidate.
AID1526743	Substrate activity at human OCT1*2 allele mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID678716	Inhibition of human CYP3A4 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using diethoxyfluorescein as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID588215	FDA HLAED, alkaline phosphatase increase	2004	Current drug discovery technologies, Dec, Volume: 1, Issue:4	Assessment of the health effects of chemicals in humans: II. Construction of an adverse effects database for QSAR modeling.
AID1526735	Substrate activity at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins in presence of 2 mM MPP+ by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID678712	Inhibition of human CYP1A2 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using ethoxyresorufin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID1526742	Substrate activity at human OCT3 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake by measuring Km incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis based Michaelis-Menten plot analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID540211	Fraction unbound in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1526748	Substrate activity at human OCT1*8 allele mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID624607	Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT1A3	2000	Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40	Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID1526810	Unbound Cmax in human at 4 mg, po	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID1526736	Substrate activity at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake by measuring Vmax incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis based Michaelis-Menten plot analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID625290	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1526739	Substrate activity at OCT1 in primary human hepatocytes assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins in presence of 2 mM MPP+ by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID624611	Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT1A8	2000	Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40	Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID128495	Analgesic activity was measured by acetic acid writhing test in mouse by giving subcutaneous injection	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 23, Issue:2	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 1. 8 beta-Alkyl-, 8 beta-acyl-, and 8 beta-(tertiary alcohol)dihydrocodeinones and -dihydromorphinones.
AID625291	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID678722	Covalent binding affinity to human liver microsomes assessed per mg of protein at 10 uM after 60 mins presence of NADPH	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID678721	Metabolic stability in human liver microsomes assessed as GSH adduct formation at 100 uM after 90 mins by HPLC-MS analysis	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID1526747	Substrate activity at human OCT1*6 allele mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID1526751	Inhibition of human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as reduction in ASP+ substrate uptake by microplate reader based analysis	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID1526809	Cmax in human at 4 mg, po	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID625287	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID311524	Oral bioavailability in human	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Dec-15, Volume: 15, Issue:24	Hologram QSAR model for the prediction of human oral bioavailability.
AID178144	Analgesic agonist activity in heat stimulus rat tail-flick assay on subcutaneous administration	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 24, Issue:6	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 5. 7,7-Dimethyldihydrocodeinones and 7,7-dimethyldihydromorphinones.
AID128023	Compound was tested for analgesia in mouse writhing assay by subcutaneous administration	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 23, Issue:12	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 4. 7-Methyl-N-(cycloalkylmethyl)-3-hydroxymorphinan-6-ones and -isomorphinan-6-ones.
AID625282	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625289	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625279	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625285	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID416814	Displacement of [3H]naltrindole from human delta opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells after 3 hrs by scintillation counting	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID131018	Analgesic agonist activity in acetic acid induced mouse writhing assay, subcutaneous administration	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 24, Issue:6	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 5. 7,7-Dimethyldihydrocodeinones and 7,7-dimethyldihydromorphinones.
AID1526732	Substrate activity at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID1526752	Passive membrane permeability by LC-MS/MS analysis based PAMPA	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID180157	Effective dose was measured by using rat tail flick assay after subcutaneous administration	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 23, Issue:2	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 2. 8-Alkymorphinan-6-ones.
AID127831	Narcotic agonist activity using acetic acid induced writhing in the mouse upon subcutaneous administration	1983	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 26, Issue:7	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 15. Potent narcotic agonist 7 beta-(arylalkyl)-4,5 alpha-epoxymorphinans.
AID1526733	Substrate activity at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.5 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID625283	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID678713	Inhibition of human CYP2C9 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 7-methoxy-4-trifluoromethylcoumarin-3-acetic acid as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID177776	Analgesic activity measured by rat tail flick assay following s.c. administration.	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 23, Issue:2	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 1. 8 beta-Alkyl-, 8 beta-acyl-, and 8 beta-(tertiary alcohol)dihydrocodeinones and -dihydromorphinones.
AID1526737	Substrate activity at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake by measuring Km incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis based Michaelis-Menten plot analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID417165	Antagonist activity against human kappa opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of U50488-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID678714	Inhibition of human CYP2C19 assessed as ratio of IC50 in absence of NADPH to IC50 for presence of NADPH using 3-butyryl-7-methoxycoumarin as substrate after 30 mins	2012	Chemical research in toxicology, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:10	Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds.
AID540213	Half life in human after iv administration	2008	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7	Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID417160	Agonist activity at human kappa opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID417157	Agonist activity at human mu opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding relative to basal level	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID416813	Displacement of [3H]DAMGO from human mu opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells after 60 mins by scintillation counting	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID311367	Permeability coefficient in human skin	2007	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-15, Volume: 15, Issue:22	Transdermal penetration behaviour of drugs: CART-clustering, QSPR and selection of model compounds.
AID1474167	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID1526749	Substrate activity at human OCT1*7 allele mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID416817	Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human kappa opioid receptor to IC50 for human mu opioid receptor	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID132133	The effective dose was measured by using mouse writhing assay after the compound administered subcutaneously.	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 23, Issue:2	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 2. 8-Alkymorphinan-6-ones.
AID1526741	Substrate activity at human OCT3 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake by measuring Vmax incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis based Michaelis-Menten plot analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID624613	Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT1A10	2000	Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40	Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID178325	Compound was tested for antinociceptive activity in heat stimulus rat tail flick assay after subcutaneous administration of the drug	1981	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 24, Issue:12	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 8. 7 alpha-Alkyl-4,5 alpha-epoxymorphinan-6-ones.
AID417156	Agonist activity at human mu opioid receptor expressed in CHO cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID178161	Antagonist activity in rat tail flick assay by subcutaneous administration	1980	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 23, Issue:12	Analgesic narcotic antagonists. 4. 7-Methyl-N-(cycloalkylmethyl)-3-hydroxymorphinan-6-ones and -isomorphinan-6-ones.
AID1526811	Unbound maximal portal vein concentration of in human at 4 mg, po	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID1474166	Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index	2016	Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4	DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID1526731	Substrate activity at human OCT1 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.05 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID625288	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625286	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID625292	Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score	2011	PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12	Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1526745	Substrate activity at human OCT1*4 allele mutant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in compound uptake at 0.1 uM incubated for 2 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis relative to control empty vector transfected cells	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-14, Volume: 62, Issue:21	Opioids as Substrates and Inhibitors of the Genetically Highly Variable Organic Cation Transporter OCT1.
AID1346329	Human kappa receptor (Opioid receptors)	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID1346364	Human mu receptor (Opioid receptors)	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
AID1346361	Human delta receptor (Opioid receptors)	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-15, Volume: 19, Issue:8	Syntheses of novel high affinity ligands for opioid receptors.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	318 (23.66)	18.7374
1990's	173 (12.87)	18.2507
2000's	281 (20.91)	29.6817
2010's	400 (29.76)	24.3611
2020's	172 (12.80)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	374 (25.12%)	5.53%
Reviews	96 (6.45%)	6.00%
Case Studies	199 (13.36%)	4.05%
Observational	21 (1.41%)	0.25%
Other	799 (53.66%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (190)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
Wound Infiltration With Liposomal Bupivacaine With or Without Intrathecal Analgesia in Laparotomy for Gynecological Malignancy: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04258631]	Phase 4	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-07-09	Completed
Hydromorphone for Perioperative Analgesia in Lung Tumor Ablation Parallel Controlled ：A Randomized, Parallel Controlled Trial [NCT05848635]	Phase 4	88 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-01	Not yet recruiting
Spinal Hydromorphone Versus Morphine for Post-Cesarean Delivery Analgesia: A Non-Inferiority Trial [NCT03592992]	Phase 4	126 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-11	Completed
Hydromorphone for ICU-analgesia in Patients With Non-mechanical Ventilation: A Dose-exploration and Effectiveness Study [NCT04436224]	Phase 4	530 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-09-04	Recruiting
A Single-Dose, Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo and Active Controlled Cross-Over Study to Evaluate the Abuse Potential of Three Doses of GRT0151Y in Adult Non-dependent Recreational Opiate Users [NCT03768024]	Phase 1	76 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-06-21	Completed
A Phase 2, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Efficacy, Pharmacokinetics and Safety Study of CA-008 in Subjects Undergoing Complete Abdominoplasty [NCT03789318]	Phase 2	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-12-03	Completed
Postoperative Analgesic Effect of Hydromorphone on Chinese Patients Receiving Partial Pulmonary Resection Under Video-assisted Thoracoscopy [NCT03648008]	Phase 4	171 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-05	Completed
Spinal Anesthesia for Enhanced Recovery After Liver Surgery [NCT03715517]		128 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-10-04	Recruiting
Ultrasound-guided (US) Serratus Anterior Plane Block (SAPB) for Acute Rib Fractures in the Emergency Department (ED) [NCT03619785]	Phase 4	70 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-11-06	Recruiting
Intrathecal (IT) Hydromorphone for Cesarean Section (C/S): A Dose Finding Study [NCT02067520]	Phase 4	54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
Analgesic Response to Opioid Analgesics in Buprenorphine-Maintained Individuals [NCT02136784]		12 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Recruiting
Inhaled PPP001 Versus Immediate-release Oral Opioids for the Management of Breakthrough Pain in Cancer Subjects: a Randomized, Open Label, Crossover, Comparison Study [NCT03564548]	Phase 2	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-26	Recruiting
Effect of Methadone and Hydromorphone on the QT Interval After Anesthesia and Surgery [NCT03893734]	Phase 4	140 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-05-01	Recruiting
[NCT01172782]		60 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-07-31	Completed
The Comparison of Morphine and Hydromorphone Patient-Controlled Analgesia [NCT00385541]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-11-30	Completed
Eliminating Narcotic Prescriptions From Outpatient Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04837014]		88 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-04	Recruiting
Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform for Perioperative Medicine at UPMC (UPMC REMAP): Core Protocol - Enhanced Recovery Protocols (ERP) [NCT04606264]	Phase 3	2,500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-05-15	Recruiting
Non-analgesic Effects Produced by Equipotent Analgesic Doses of Sufentanil, Hydromorphone, and Oxycodone in Female Patients Before Anesthesia Induction [NCT04396587]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-05-20	Completed
Effect of Opioid Infusion Rate on Abuse Liability Potential and Analgesic Efficacy of Intravenous Hydromorphone Among Inpatients With Cancer Pain: A Randomized Crossover Trial [NCT04296305]	Phase 4	84 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-09-10	Active, not recruiting
An Open-Label, Randomized, Two-Period, Crossover Study to Evaluate the Relative Bioavailability of a Test Tablet Formulation of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride (8 mg) Compared to an Equivalent Dose of a Commercially Available Reference Drug Product (DILAUDID® [NCT00853554]	Phase 1	24 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-12-31	Completed
The Effects of ECMO on the Pharmacokinetics of Hydromorphone [NCT05565495]	Phase 2	24 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-01-01	Recruiting
Intrathecal Hydromorphone for Postoperative Pain of Anorectal Surgery: A Randomized, Double-blind, Parallel, Placebo-controlled Trial [NCT05579223]	Phase 2	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-10-17	Recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Opioid Rotation Compared With Opioid Dose Escalation in Patients With Moderate to Severe Cancer Pain - Open Label, Randomized, Prospective Study [NCT02084355]	Phase 3	136 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Not yet recruiting
Decreasing Narcotics in Advanced Pelvic Surgery: A Randomized Study [NCT02110719]	Phase 4	138 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
A Hydromorphone High Resolution Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Fingerprint as the Basis for Identifying Sex Differences in Opioid Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics [NCT01123486]		0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to PI relocated to new university)
Randomized Clinical Trial of IV Acetaminophen as an Adjuvant Analgesic to IV Hydromorphone for Treatment of Acute Severe Pain in Non-Elderly Emergency Department Patients [NCT03553498]	Phase 3	162 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-11-27	Completed
Nausea in Patients Receiving Hydromorphone vs Oxycodone After Total Hip Replacement Surgery [NCT02295124]	Phase 4	200 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-08-31	Completed
Preventing Rebound Pain After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair and/or Acromioplasty Under General Anesthesia and Interscalene Block: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Pre-emptive Opioid Treatment Compared to Placebo [NCT02939209]	Phase 4	73 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-20	Completed
The Effectiveness of IV/PO Acetaminophen in the Perioperative Period in Reducing Opiate Use After Lumbar Spine Fusion: a Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03104816]	Phase 4	28 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to Could not get an approval from Department Reviewer for the study continuation.)
Intraoperative Opioids and Postoperative Recovery After Hepatobiliary or Foregut Surgery [NCT01546948]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2011-08-31	Completed
A Single-dose, Nested-randomized, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Placebo- and Active-controlled Crossover Trial to Evaluate the Abuse Potential of 3 Doses of GRT6005 in Adult Non-dependent Recreational Opioid Users [NCT03757559]	Phase 1	226 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-04-15	Completed
Evaluation of Fentalogs and Their Metabolites in Hair of Patients in a Monitored Clinical Context by Means of Hair Analysis [NCT05740657]		225 participants (Anticipated)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2022-12-06	Recruiting
Safety and Speed of Onsent of Intravenous Hydromorphone Using Incremental 1mg Doses up to 2mg in the Treatment of Adult ED Patients With Moderate to Severe Pain [NCT00682435]	Phase 4	230 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-08-31	Completed
Optimization of Post-Operative Pain Following Orthognathic Surgery With Personalized Opioid Prescription and Tapering Protocols [NCT05708521]	Phase 4	200 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-04-24	Recruiting
Acetaminophen 1g IV vs Hydromorphone 1mg IV for the Treatment of Acute Pain in the Emergency Department [NCT03107481]	Phase 4	220 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-04	Completed
Pain Management After Elective Shoulder Surgery: A Randomized Quantitative Study Comparing Hydromorphone With Piritramide [NCT03541759]	Phase 4	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-02	Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo- and Active-Controlled, Crossover Study to Evaluate the Abuse Potential of Oxymorphone Compared to Other Mu Opioid Agonists in Physically Dependent Opioid Users With Moderate-to-Severe Opioid Use Disorder [NCT03389750]	Phase 2	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-03-15	Completed
"ICE-T Postoperative Multimodal Pain Regimen Compared to the Standard Regimen in Laparoscopic Gynecologic Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial" [NCT03987022]	Phase 4	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-01	Completed
A Confirmatory, Placebo-controlled, Randomised, Double-blind, Single-dummy, Parallel Group, Ratio-finding Study in Constipated Pain Patients to Establish an Optimal Hydromorphone - Naloxone Ratio With an Improved Bowel Function and a Comparable Analgesic [NCT00992576]	Phase 2/Phase 3	600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2010-01-31	Completed
Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Extended Release Hydromorphone (Exalgo) in Patients With Neuropathic Pain: An Open Label Study [NCT01207596]	Phase 4	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-09-30	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Pain Medications in Children Undergoing Strabismus Surgery [NCT02789969]		128 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Recruiting
Evaluation of Ultrasound-Assisted Thoracic Epidural Placement in Patients Undergoing Upper Abdominal and Thoracic Surgery: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study [NCT02785055]		70 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-04-30	Completed
Palliation of Dyspnea in Advanced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Understanding Patients' and Caregivers' Experiences of Opioid Therapy [NCT00982891]	Phase 2/Phase 3	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
Remifentanil Intravenous Patient-controlled Labor Analgesia for Nulliparous Women [NCT00710086]	Phase 4	1,000 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-07-31	Completed
Efficacy of an Acute Pain Titration Protocol Driven by Patient Response to a Simple Query: Do You Want More Pain Medication? [NCT01892709]	Phase 4	215 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
Safety and Speed of Onset of a Fixed Dose of Intravenous Hydromorphone in the Treatment of Adult Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Acute Severe Pain [NCT00305110]	Phase 2	298 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-01-31	Completed
Medications Development for Drug Abuse Disorders [NCT00499746]	Phase 1/Phase 2	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-11-30	Completed
Post-operative Epidural Analgesia After Minimally Invasive Lumbar Decompression and Fusion [NCT00644111]		32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
the Effect of Different Drugs and Infusion Ways on Degree of Comfort for Patients Undergoing Spinal Neoplasm Surgery [NCT04111328]	Phase 4	600 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-10-08	Completed
Determination of the ED50 of Intrathecal Hydromorphone for Post-cesarean Section Pain Relief [NCT01598545]	Phase 2	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-28	Completed
Generation of Biological Samples Positive to Hydromorphone for Anti-doping Control [NCT04081376]	Phase 1	2 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-11-20	Completed
Hydromorphone PCA Intravenously vs Sustained-Release Morphine Orally in Cancer Patients With Severe Pain After Successful Titration: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled, Phase II Trial [NCT04243954]	Phase 2	95 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-04-10	Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active Controlled, Multi-center Study to Investigate the Safety and Efficacy of OROS Hydromorphone HCl Once-daily Compared With Oxycodone HCL Controlled-release Twice Daily in Subjects With Cancer Pain [NCT01205126]	Phase 3	260 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-12-31	Completed
Does the Use of Intravenous Patient Controlled Analgesia (IVPCA) Increase Opioid Consumption and Side Effects in Fast Track Orthopedic Procedures? [NCT02880800]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-08-31	Recruiting
Hydromorphone OROS in Korean Cancer Patients: Evaluation of Its Clinical Usefulness in Improvement of Sleep Disturbance [NCT00766831]	Phase 4	190 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-10-31	Completed
Use of Intrathecal Hydromorphone in Elective Cesarean Deliveries [NCT01866254]	Early Phase 1	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-05-31	Completed
Acute Pain Management in Patients on Opioid Replacement Therapy [NCT03933865]	Phase 1	1 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to The COVID-19 pandemic and recruitment difficulties prompted the investigators to terminate study early.)
The Safety of Fentanyl TAIFUN Treatment After Titrated Dose Administration and the Current Breakthrough Pain Treatment for Breakthrough Pain in Cancer Patients [NCT00822614]	Phase 3	500 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2008-12-31	Recruiting
Randomized, Open-Label, Comparative Parallel Group Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety on Flexible Dosages of OROS Hydromorphone Once-Daily Compared to Sustained Release Oxycodone Twice Daily in Subjects With Chronic Non-malignant Pain Requiring Continuou [NCT00261495]	Phase 3	504 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-03-31	Completed
A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Intravenous Morphine and Intravenous Hydromorphone in the Treatment of Adult ED Patients With Moderate to Severe Pain [NCT00305058]	Phase 2/Phase 3	194 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-07-31	Completed
A Multi-center, Open-label, Dose Titration Study Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics, Safety, and Efficacy of Hydromorphone Oral Solution in Subjects From 28 Days to 16 Years of Age, Who Require Opioid Analgesics for Postoperative Pain [NCT00465647]	Phase 4	116 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-04-30	Completed
Abciximab (ReoPro) as a Therapeutic Intervention for Sickle Cell Vaso-Occlusive Pain Crisis [NCT01932554]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to Insufficient recruitment)
Breakthrough Cancer Pain: A Randomized Trial Comparing Oral Morphine Immediate Release and Self-Administration of Subcutaneous Hydromorphone Using an Injection Pen [NCT00125801]	Phase 3	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2005-08-31	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of patients)
A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Fixed-Dose, Parallel Group Comparison of Controlled-Release Hydromorphone HCI vs Placebo in Subjects With Osteoarthritis [NCT00411164]	Phase 3	990 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-11-30	Completed
Prospective Longitudinal Observational Study to Evaluate the Clinical Characteristics and Opioids Treatments in Patients With Breakthrough Cancer Pain [NCT01946555]		150 participants (Actual)	Observational	2013-09-30	Completed
Biobehavioral Studies of Opioid Drug Seeking Behavior: Study 1 [NCT00218309]		16 participants	Observational	2003-09-30	Completed
Effects of Esketamine on Postoperative Pain, Anxiety and Depression in Patients Undergoing Tumor Surgery [NCT04613869]		282 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-08-15	Active, not recruiting
A Comparison of Individualized vs. Weight Based Protocols to Treat Vaso-Occlusive Episodes in Sickle Cell Disease [NCT03933397]	Phase 3	328 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-13	Terminated(stopped due to Due to COVID enrollment numbers needed to meet the primary endpoint will not be met.)
Multimodal Pain Management After Robotic-Assisted Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy [NCT04429022]	Phase 3	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-11-24	Completed
Phase 4 Study of Postoperative Pain Therapy With Hydromorphone Using Patient-Controlled Target-Controlled Infusion (TCI-PCA) vs. Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) After Elective Cardiac Surgery [NCT02035709]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Completed
Effects of Intravenous Local Anesthetic on Bowel Function After Colectomy [NCT00600158]	Phase 3	45 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-04-30	Completed
Examining the Relationship Amongst Opioid Subjective Effects and Pharmacokinetics of Extended Release Opioids at Shortened Dosing Intervals in Patients With Chronic Pain: a Randomized, Blinded, N-of-1 Case Series Feasibility Study [NCT04132011]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-05-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to No recruitment (Feasibility study).)
Dose and Response of Intrathecal Hydromorphone in Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section at Virginia Commonwealth University Health System [NCT02787928]	Phase 1	14 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of reliable supply of of preservative free IV Hydromorphone for intrathecal use.)
Cancer Pain Management With Hydromorphone HCl ORal Osmotic System in Korean Cancer Patient: Evaluation of Its Clinical Usefulness in Reduction of Breakthrough Pain Medication Frequency [NCT01006356]	Phase 4	141 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-10-31	Completed
An Exploratory, Single-Dose, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study to Evaluate The Subjective and Objective Effects of Extended-Release Oxymorphone Compared to Controlled-Release Oxycodone in Healthy Non-Dependent Recreational Opioi [NCT00955110]	Phase 4	78 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-06-30	Completed
Safety and Tolerability of Long-term Administration of Dilaudid CR (Hydromorphone HCI) [NCT00410748]	Phase 3	388 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
Comparing Rapid Micro-Induction and Standard Induction of Buprenorphine/Naloxone for Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT04234191]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-08-18	Recruiting
Safety and Tolerability of Long-Term Administration of Dilaudid SR (Hydromorphone HCI) in Cancer Pain [NCT00410787]	Phase 3	68 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Repeated Dose, Parallel-Group Comparison of the Efficacy & Tolerability of Dilaudid SR Tablets and Immediate Release Dilaudid Tablets (Hydromorphone HCI) in Patients With Chronic Pain [NCT00410943]	Phase 3	169 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
Patient Satisfaction and Pain Control Following Reconstructive Vaginal Surgery: A Randomized Trial Comparing Patient-Controlled Intravenous Analgesia (PCA) to Scheduled Intravenous Analgesia [NCT01442818]		54 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-09-30	Completed
Comparison of Short-term Sustained-release Opioid With Immediate-release Opioid for Acute Pain Management Following Open Abdominal Urologic Surgeries [NCT05375916]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-05-03	Recruiting
Thoracic Epidural Analgesia Versus Rectus Sheath Block Versus Surgeon Infiltration With Liposomal Bupivacaine or Standard Bupivacaine for Post-Operative Pain Control After Cystectomy [NCT04300231]	Phase 3	160 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-10-22	Active, not recruiting
A Single-Dose, Open-Label, Randomized, Crossover Dose Proportionality Study to Evaluate the Effect of Dose on the Pharmacokinetics of 8, 16, 32 and 64 mg OROS Hydromorphone Under Fasted Conditions in Healthy Adult Taiwanese Subjects [NCT01487512]	Phase 1	29 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-03-31	Completed
A Single-Dose, Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetic Profile of OROS Hydromorphone in Healthy Adult Taiwanese Subjects Having Different Genotypes for the UGT2B7 Gene [NCT01487564]	Phase 1	29 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
True Functional Restoration and Analgesia in Non-Radicular Low Back Pain: a Prospective Double Blind, Placebo-controlled Study of Hydromorphone ER [NCT01455519]	Phase 4	51 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic Modeling of the Postoperative Pain Sensation During Patient-controlled Analgesia With Target-controlled Infusion of Hydromorphone, Taking Into Account the Interaction With Intraoperatively Administered Sufentanil for Electi [NCT01490268]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-11-30	Completed
Ketamine and Hydromorphone PCA Analgesia for Antineoplastic-Induced Pediatric Mucositis [NCT00474110]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-08-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Clinical practice had changed between time of initial protocol development and subject recruitment. We were not able to find eligible patients.)
A Study of the Efficacy and Safety of 8 Mg Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Extended-Release Compared to Placebo in Subjects With Persistent Pain [NCT00365898]	Phase 3	380 participants	Interventional	2005-07-31	Terminated
Multimodal Narcotic Limited Perioperative Pain Control With Colorectal Surgery as Part of an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Protocol: A Randomized Prospective Single- Center Trial. [NCT02958566]	Phase 4	80 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Recruiting
An Open Label Evaluation of the Dose Proportionality of Dilaudid SR (OROS� Hydromorphone HCL) Tablets 8mg, 16mg, 32mg, and 64mg [NCT00398957]	Phase 1	32 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Phase 3, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study To Assess The Safety Of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Delivered By Intrathecal Administration [NCT01709747]	Phase 3	364 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-30	Completed
Outcomes of Perioperative Epidural Analgesia in Gynecologic Oncology Patients: A Parallel Prospective Cohort and Randomized Clinical Study [NCT00295945]		240 participants (Actual)	Observational	2005-03-31	Completed
Optimizing Outpatient Anesthesia (OSPREy-Outpatient Surgery Pain Relief Enhancement) [NCT03726268]	Phase 4	1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2018-11-29	Active, not recruiting
A Phase III, Variable-Dose Titration Followed by a Randomized Double-Blind Study of Controlled-Release OROS® Hydromorphone HCl (NMED-1077) Compared to Placebo in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain [NCT00549042]	Phase 3	459 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Completed
A Randomized, Single-Dose Opiate Challenge Study of Medisorb® Naltrexone in Opioid-Using Adults [NCT01218984]	Phase 2	27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-03-31	Completed
Topical Hydromorphone for Wound Healing [NCT00177060]	Phase 1/Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2003-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to No funding available.)
Biobehavioral Study of Opioid Drug Seeking Behavior: Study 2 [NCT00218361]		16 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2005-08-31	Completed
"Prime Rib Time: Randomized Control Trial Evaluating the Use of Continuous Intercostal Nerve Blockade for Traumatic Rib Fractures" [NCT02604589]		10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Terminated(stopped due to resource reallocation)
Clinical Usefulness and Quality of Life of OROS Hydromorphone in Strong Opioid-Naïve Cancer Pain Patients; Multicenter, Prospective, Open-Label and Observational Study [NCT01532895]		400 participants (Actual)	Observational	2011-09-30	Completed
Analgesic and Hemodynamic Effects of Continuous Epidural Analgesia Compared to Paravertebral Block in Liver Resection Patients [NCT02909322]	Phase 4	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Recruiting
Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Intravenous Hydromorphone to Usual Care [NCT01429298]	Phase 4	350 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-03-31	Completed
An Open-Label, Repeated-Dose Trial to Characterize the Efficacy and Safety, and Impact on Quality of Life Measures of Dilaudid CR (Hydromorphone HCI) in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain [NCT00398788]	Phase 2	207 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
An Open-Label Evaluation of the Independent Effect of Coadministration of a High Fat Meal and Naltrexone Blockade on the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Dilaudid OROS (Hydromorphone HCL) 16 mg [NCT00399295]	Phase 1	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
Randomized Prospective Study Comparing Paravertebral Catheters, Single Shot Paravertebral Block, Thoracic Epidural, for Postoperative Analgesia Following Video-assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery [NCT03151434]	Phase 3	147 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-07	Completed
UW14030: Epidural Anesthesia as Part of an Enhanced Recovery Pathway in Gynecologic Surgery [NCT02423876]	Phase 3	104 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-17	Completed
Patient-controlled Intravenous Analgesia Combined With Different Opioid Receptors for Gastrointestinal Surgery [NCT05576675]	Phase 3	4,342 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-01	Completed
A Repeated-Dose Evaluation of Analgesic Use and Safety of Dilaudid SR (Hydromorphone HCI) in Patients With Chronic Non-Malignant Pain [NCT00410644]	Phase 3	463 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Repeated-Dose Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Dilaudid SR Tablets (Hydromorphone HCI) in Patients With Chronic Pain [NCT00410878]	Phase 1	22 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Repeated-Dose Evaluation of Analgesic Use and Safety of Dilaudid SR( Hydromorphone HCI) in Patients With Chronic Cancer Pain [NCT00411034]	Phase 3	463 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
Safety, Efficacy and Impact on Quality of Life of Long-Term Administration of Dilaudid CR (Hydromorphone HCI) in Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain [NCT00411268]	Phase 3	207 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label, Single-Dose, Pilot Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of OROS Hydromorphone in Patients With Acute, Moderate-to-Severe Postoperative Pain [NCT00411307]	Phase 2	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
A Randomized, Repeated- Dose, Parallel-Group Comparison of Safety, Efficacy, and Quality of Life Measures With Dilaudid CR (Hydromorphone HCI) or Oxycontin (Oxycodone HCI) in Patients With Chronic Osteoarthritis [NCT00399048]	Phase 3	140 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
Effects of Buprenorphine/Naloxone in Non-Dependent Opioid Abusers [NCT00158236]		7 participants	Interventional	1997-01-31	Completed
Safety and Efficacy of Hydromorphone as an Analgesic Alternative to Morphine in Acute, Severe Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial [NCT00195910]	Phase 2	198 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-10-31	Completed
Methadone and Hydromorphone For Spinal Surgery [NCT02107339]	Phase 4	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Protocolized Versus Non-protocolized Treatment of Adult ED Patients With Acute Severe Pain [NCT00627367]	Phase 3	224 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-12-31	Completed
Intrathecal Hydromorphone for Post-cesarean Delivery Pain - a Dose Finding Study [NCT01943565]	Phase 4	29 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-12-31	Terminated(stopped due to Research question answered by another group of researchers (Sviggum et al))
A Phase III, Flexible Dose Titration Followed by a Randomized Double-Blind Study of Controlled Release OROS Hydromorphone HCL Compared to Placebo in Patients With OA Pain [NCT00631319]	Phase 3	343 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-02-29	Completed
Influence of Body Size and Composition on Response to Hydromorphone in ED Patients With Acute Pain [NCT01675778]	Phase 2	174 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-10-31	Completed
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Controlled Trial of Hydromorphone (Immediate and Sustained- Release) vs Morphine (Immediate and Sustained-release) in Cancer Pain [NCT00410540]	Phase 3	202 participants (Actual)	Interventional		Completed
Analgesic Effects and Abuse Liability of Intravenous Hydromorphone and Buprenorphine in Pain-free Opioid Dependent Participants [NCT01642030]	Phase 1	132 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-08-31	Completed
SALOME: Multi-Centre, Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing The Effectiveness Of Diacetylmorphine Vs. Hydromorphone For The Treatment Of Long-Term Injection Opioid Users Who Do Not Benefit From Available Therapies [NCT01447212]	Phase 3	202 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-12-31	Completed
A Prospective, Open-Label, Multicenter, Single-Arm, Interventional Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of Once-Daily Oros Hydromorphone for Cancer Pain Treatment in Korean Cancer Patients. [NCT01621100]	Phase 4	106 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-12-31	Completed
A Comparison of Epidural and Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia Following Lumbar Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study [NCT03115151]	Phase 4	46 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-08	Terminated(stopped due to The surgical team has difficulty to find level 1 and 2 fusions for the study.)
Randomized, Double Blind, Cross Over Study Comparing Effectiveness of Traditional Opioids Versus Opioids in Admixture With Bupivacaine Upon Self-administration of Boluses Via a Personal Therapy Manager (PTM) in Intrathecal Pumps [NCT02886286]	Phase 4	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
A Comparison Trial Between Patient Controlled Intravenous Analgesia (PCA) and Epidural Analgesia for Pectus Excavatum Repair [NCT02056301]	Phase 4	62 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-08-31	Terminated(stopped due to New method of pain control pushed by surgeons.)
A Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial of Opioid Analgesics for the Management of Acute Fracture Pain in Adults Discharged From the Emergency Department [NCT03478423]		5 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-05	Terminated(stopped due to Study failed to recruit in sufficient numbers and was determined to not be feasible.)
An Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Single Dose Pharmacokinetic Profile and Safety of OROS® Hydromorphone in Chinese Subjects With Cancer Who Are Not Opioid Tolerant [NCT01824524]	Phase 1	12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-12-31	Completed
Randomized Clinical Trial of IV Acetaminophen as an Analgesic Adjunct to IV Hydromorphone in the Treatment of Acute Severe Pain in Elderly ED Patients [NCT02621619]	Phase 4	159 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating the Transcutaneous Carbon Dioxide Measurements in Obese Women Using Intrathecal Morphine Versus Patient-Controlled Intravenous Hydromorphone for Post-Cesarean Analgesia [NCT03282669]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-08-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Change in institutional policy. Change in resources available.)
"Does a 1 Plus 1 Hydromorphone Pain Protocol Have a Similar Rate of Respiratory Depression to Physician Discretion Protocol in a Geriatric Population With Moderate to Severe Pain?" [NCT01784991]		116 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-12-31	Terminated(stopped due to difficulty in recruiting)
A Study of Non-Steroidal or Opioid Analgesia Use for Children With Musculoskeletal Injuries: The No OUCH Trials [NCT03767933]	Phase 2	710 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-04-20	Completed
Intrathecal Opioids for Pain Control After Colorectal Resection: Determining the Optimal Dose [NCT04752033]	Phase 4	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-03-10	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare Hydromorphone vs Fentanyl in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy Surgery [NCT04230681]	Early Phase 1	189 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-02-26	Completed
Randomized, Unblinded, Phase III Trial of Thoracic Epidural Analgesia Versus Four-Quadrant Transversus Abdominus Plane Block in Oncologic Open-Incision Liver Surgery [NCT03214510]	Phase 3	96 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-10-04	Recruiting
Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Trial to Investigate the Analgesic Effect of OROS Hydromorphone Hydrochloride in Comparison With Placebo in Subjects With Moderate to Severe Pain Induced by Osteoarthritis of the Hip or the Knee [NCT00980798]	Phase 3	288 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-10-31	Completed
Post-tonsillectomy Pain Control in Adults: a Randomized Prospective Study [NCT02358850]	Phase 4	27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to low enrollment)
Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Two Protocols Using IV Hydromorphone [NCT01311895]	Phase 3	350 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-01-31	Completed
Intravenous (IV) Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) With or Without Continuous Dose vs Oral Opioid to Maintain Analgesia for Severe Cancer Pain After Successful Hydromorphone Titration: a Multi-center, Phase Ⅲ ，Randomized Trial [NCT04785768]	Phase 3	1,600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-01	Not yet recruiting
ICE-T Postoperative Multimodal Pain Regimen Compared to the Standard Regimen in Same Day Vaginal Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT03052816]	Phase 4	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-04-01	Completed
Intrathecal Morphine Versus Intrathecal Hydromorphone for Analgesia Following Cesarean Delivery [NCT02789410]		134 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-31	Completed
Identification of the Optimal Analgesic Dose of Intrathecal Hydromorphone for Pediatric Patients Undergoing Posterior Spine Surgery for Idiopathic Scoliosis [NCT05552443]	Phase 4	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-23	Recruiting
Levorphanol as a Second Line Opioid in Cancer Patients Undergoing Opioid Rotation: An Open Label Study [NCT03579446]	Early Phase 1	43 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-11-29	Completed
Most Effective Opioid Analgesia in Ambulatory Surgeries: a Randomized Control, Investigator Blinded, Parallel Group With Superiority Design Study of Morphine Versus Hydromorphone [NCT02223377]		402 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
Hydromorphone Versus Prochlorperazine + Diphenhydramine for Treatment of Acute Migraine. A Randomized, Emergency Department Based, Comparative Efficacy Study [NCT02389829]	Phase 4	127 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
An ED-based Randomized Trial of IV Acetaminophen Versus IV Hydromorphone for Elderly Adults With Acute Severe Pain [NCT03521102]	Phase 2	162 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-20	Completed
A Prospective, Randomized, Single-Blind Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Transversus Abdominis Plane Versus Paravertebral Regional Blockade in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colectomy [NCT02164929]		17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Terminated(stopped due to Poor recruitment)
Spinal Effects of Epidural Hydromorphone [NCT00003115]	Phase 3	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	1996-06-30	Completed
Analgesic Effects of Transversus Thoracic Plane (TTP) Block in Cardiac Surgery - Pilot Study [NCT03128346]		100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-10-01	Not yet recruiting
Pediatric Pain Optimization After Tonsillectomy: A Randomized Double Blind Methadone Pilot Study [NCT05244226]	Phase 2	66 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-04-08	Completed
Initial Pain Management in Pediatric Pancreatitis: Opioid vs. Non-Opioid [NCT04291599]	Phase 2	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-03-15	Recruiting
Intranasal Hydromorphone for the Treatment of Acute Pain in Children: A Pilot Study. [NCT02437669]	Phase 2	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-05-31	Completed
Real-time Decision Support for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV) Prophylaxis [NCT02625181]		27,034 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-07-31	Completed
Intravenous Lidocaine Versus Hydromorphone for Acute Abdominal Pain. A Randomized Trial [NCT03300674]	Phase 4	154 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-10	Completed
Intra-Venous Acetaminophen and Muscle Relaxants After Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). Prospective, Randomized, Open-label Trial to Determine if Switching From Oral to Intravenous Acetaminophen and Orphenadrine for 48 Hours After TKA Improves Outcomes. [NCT02449369]	Phase 4	180 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-04-30	Completed
A Phase III Study of Pre-operative Transversus Abdominis Plane Blocks Using the Nimbus Ambulatory Infusion System in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Free Flap-based Breast Reconstruction [NCT02601027]	Phase 3	120 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-11-30	Completed
Determination of the ED50 of Intrathecal Hydromorphone in Laboring Women Using the Up-and-down Sequential Allocation Method [NCT01598506]	Phase 2	22 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-09-30	Completed
Analgesic Effects and Abuse Liability of Intravenous Hydromorphone and Buprenorphine in Opioid Dependent Participants With Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain [NCT02372591]	Phase 1	14 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-08-31	Completed
Intrathecal Opioids for Pain Control After Cesarean Delivery: Determining the Optimal Dose [NCT02009722]	Phase 4	84 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-31	Completed
NSAID Use After Robotic Partial Nephrectomy (No-PAIN): a Randomized, Controlled Trial [NCT05842044]	Phase 2	110 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-15	Recruiting
Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Hydromorphone Using Incremental Doses of 0.5 mg in Elderly ED Patients With Acute Severe Pain [NCT01429285]	Phase 4	350 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-07-31	Completed
An Open-label, Multi-center, Non-interventional Study to Investigate Clinical Usefulness of Hydromorphone OROS in Korean Cancer Patients [NCT01273454]		648 participants (Actual)	Observational	2009-06-30	Completed
The Effects of Hydromorphone on Responses to Verbal Tasks [NCT02205983]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-01-31	Completed
A Randomized Trial to Compare Fentanyl Nasal Spray With Intravenous Opioids to Treat Severe Pain in Cancer Patients in the Emergency Department Setting [NCT02459964]	Phase 4	84 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-14	Completed
A Controlled, Two-Arm, Parallel Group, Randomized Withdrawal Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Delivered by Intrathecal Administration Using a Programmable Implantable Pump [NCT01709721]	Phase 3	153 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-02-28	Completed
Comparative Effectiveness of Multi-modal Pain Management Versus Standard Intra- and Post-operative Analgesia: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial to Reduce Post-operative Pain and Opioid Use Among Patients Undergoing Lumbar Spine Surgery [NCT03088306]	Early Phase 1	49 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-07-01	Completed
High Dose Intravenous Lidocaine vs Hydromorphone for Acute Abdominal Pain in the Emergency Department: A Randomized, Comparative Efficacy Trial [NCT04398316]	Phase 4	187 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-02-18	Recruiting
Protocolized vs Discretionary Use of Opioids in Acute Pain [NCT00825370]	Phase 3	350 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-10-31	Completed
Hydromorphone PCA or Hydromorphone PCA With Ketamine for Acute Postoperative Pain Relief in Opioid-Dependent Chronic Pain Patients [NCT01591382]	Phase 4	64 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-09-30	Completed
Glutamatergic Mechanisms in Opioid and Cocaine Co-Use [NCT05610072]	Early Phase 1	24 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-12-15	Recruiting
Effect of Epidural Hydromorphone Combined With Ropivacaine in Labor Analgesia [NCT05901441]	Phase 2	240 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-06-01	Completed
Intrathecal Hydromorphone for Labor Analgesia [NCT02277782]		21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-01	Terminated(stopped due to Study drug shortage, COVID related suspension of recruitment)
Comparison of Intrathecal Hydromorphone and Intrathecal Morphine for Postoperative Analgesia After Cesarean Delivery [NCT02096003]	Phase 2	80 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-05-31	Completed
Efficacy and Safety of Hydromorphone-ropivacaine Versus Sufentanil-ropivacaine for Epidural Labor Analgesia: a Randomized Controlled Trial [NCT06036797]	Phase 2	240 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-09-17	Recruiting
A Randomized Double-blinded Study to Evaluate Preincisional Dextromethorphan in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty and Its Effect on Postoperative Opioid Use [NCT02987920]	Phase 4	23 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to The surgeon changed pain control protocol for all patients. Continued enrollment impossible under approved protocol.)
A Comparison of Epidural Analgesia With Standard Care Following Lumbar Spinal Fusion: A Prospective Randomized Study [NCT01986946]	Phase 3	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-10-31	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of recruitment.)
Synergistic Effect of Ibuprofen and Hydromorphone for Postoperative Pain [NCT02461056]		90 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-06-30	Completed
Exparel Transversus Abdominis Plane Block vs Intrathecal Analgesia In Colorectal Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Trial [NCT02356198]		209 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-31	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Anesthetics and Analgesics in Children and Adolescent [NCT03427736]		460 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2018-12-13	Recruiting
Multimodal Analgesia Effect on Post Surgical Patient [NCT04240626]	Phase 4	60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-01-20	Recruiting
Efficacy and Outcomes of Intrathecal Analgesia As Part of an Enhanced Recovery Pathway in Colon and Rectal Surgical Patients [NCT03411109]		601 participants (Actual)	Observational	2012-10-01	Completed
Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) vs Non-PCA Intravenous Hydromorphone Titration for Severe Cancer Pain: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled, Multi-center, Phase III Trial [NCT03375515]	Phase 3	214 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-29	Completed
Ketamine Patient-Controlled Analgesia for Acute Pain in Native Airway Multiple and Orthopedic Trauma Patients: A Randomized, Active Comparator, Blinded Trial [NCT02062879]	Phase 3	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to Withdrawals from study due to anticipated effects from study drugs)
A Multiple-Dose Study of Blockade of Subjective Opioid Effects, Plasma Levels, and Safety of Subcutaneous Injections of Depot Buprenorphine (RBP-6000) in Subjects With Opioid Use Disorder [NCT02044094]	Phase 2	39 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-11-30	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Double-Blind Trial of Fentanyl Nasal Spray (Lazanda) Plus Hydromorphone Demand PCA Versus Placebo Nasal Spray Plus Hydromorphone Demand PCA for Treatment of Breakthrough Cancer Pain in the Emergency Department [NCT01812759]	Phase 4	3 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-01-10	Terminated
Phase 4 Study of Postoperative Pain Therapy With Hydromorphone Using Patient-Controlled Target-Controlled Infusion (TCI-PCA) vs. Patient-Controlled Analgesia (PCA) With Morphine After Elective Cardiac Surgery [NCT02483221]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-04-30	Completed
Effect of Tramadol in Prevention of Postpartum Depression [NCT03309163]	Phase 4	1,230 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-09	Completed
An Open-Label, Safety and Pharmacokinetic Study of Hydromorphone Hydrochloride Extended-Release Tablets (Once-Daily Hydromorphone) in Opioid-Tolerant Pediatric Subjects With Chronic Pain [NCT02321319]	Phase 3	5 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-03-11	Terminated(stopped due to Business decision - product discontinued)
Study on the Effectiveness and Safety of OROS Hydromorphone in Pain Management Among Patients With Cancer Pain [NCT01648699]	Phase 4	20 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-04-30	Terminated(stopped due to the study was stopped due to non-availability of 4mg)
Comparing Acute Pain Management Protocols for Patients With Sickle Cell Disease [NCT02222246]	Phase 4	106 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-03-15	Completed
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Trial	Outcome
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Vitality at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change in Dose of Study Treatment
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Enjoyment of Life (BPI Item 9g) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With General Activity (BPI Item 9a) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Mood (BPI Item 9b) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Mood (BPI Item 9b) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Normal Work (BPI Item 9d) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Normal Work (BPI Item 9d) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Relations With Other People (BPI Item 9e) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Relations With Other People (BPI Item 9e) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Sleep (BPI Item 9f) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Sleep (BPI Item 9f) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Walking Ability (BPI Item 9c) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Walking Ability (BPI Item 9c) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Bodily Pain at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL General Health Perceptions at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL General Health Perceptions at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Health Transition at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Health Transition at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Mental Health at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Mental Health at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Physical Functioning at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Physical Functioning at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Role Emotional at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Role Emotional at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Role Physical at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Role Physical at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Social Functioning at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Social Functioning at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in QoL Vitality at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Quality of Life (QoL) Bodily Pain at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Subject Diary Evening Mean Pain Score Pain Right Now at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Subject Diary Morning Mean Pain Score Pain Right Now at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Amount of add-on Pain Medication
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Relief Score (BPI Item 8) at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Relief Score (BPI Item 8) at Week 4
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Score (Mean of BPI Items 3 to 6) at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Score (Mean of BPI Items 3 to 6) at Week 4
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality (MOS Index I) at Week 4
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Questionnaire Item 6 Pain Right Now Score at Week 24 (Per Protocol [PP] Population)"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality (MOS Index II) at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality (MOS Index II) at Week 4
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Adequacy at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Disturbance at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Quantity at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Shortness of Breath or Headache at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Somnolence at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Snoring at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Equi-analgesic Dosage of OROS Hydromorphone Once-daily and SR Oxycodone Twice-daily (ITT Population)
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Equi-analgesic Dosage of OROS Hydromorphone Once-daily and SR Oxycodone Twice-daily (PP Population)
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Equi-analgesic Dose at Steady State (ITT Population)
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Equi-analgesic Dose at Steady-state (PP Population)
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Number of Days With add-on Pain Medication
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Resource Utilization of Pain Management
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Subject Diary Mean Pain Score for Pain at Its Worst From Morning to Evening at Weeks 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity, Relief and Interference Scores (Extension Phase)
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in QoL at Week 52
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality at Week 52
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Subject Diary Mean Pain Evening, Morning, and All Day Scores at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Enjoyment of Life (BPI Item 9g) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Change in Dose of Study Treatment During Titration Phase (First 4 Weeks of Study) and Overall Treatment Phase I (First 24 Weeks of Study)
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Clinical Global Assessment of Efficacy
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Mode and Convenience of Drug Intake.
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Number of Drop-outs
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Indicating Optimal Sleep at Week 52
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects Indicating That They Had Optimal Sleep at Week 24
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Dose Escalation
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Dose Escalation at Week 24 (ITT Population)
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Interference Score Interfered With General Activity (BPI Item 9a) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Average Pain (BPI Item 5) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Average Pain (BPI Item 5) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Pain at Its Least (BPI Item 4) at Week 24"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Pain at Its Worst (BPI Item 3) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Score Pain at Its Least (BPI Item 4) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Sub-score Pain at Its Worst (BPI Item 3) at Week 24 (ITT Population)"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Questionnaire Item 6 Pain Right Now Score at Week 24 (Intent to Treat [ITT] Population)"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	"Change From Baseline in BPI Severity Score Pain Right Now (BPI Item 6) at Week 4"
NCT00261495 (79) [back to overview]	Number of Subjects With Dose Escalation at Week 4 (ITT Population)
NCT00305058 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With a Change in Pain Score
NCT00305058 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Pain Relief
NCT00305058 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Intensity
NCT00305058 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Satisfied With Pain Medication
NCT00305110 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Requiring Naloxone
NCT00305110 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing a Systolic Blood Pressure Less Than 90 mmHg
NCT00305110 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing a Respiratory Rate Lower Than 12 Breaths Per Minute
NCT00305110 (6) [back to overview]	Oxygen Desaturation Measured Over 2-hour Time Frame
NCT00305110 (6) [back to overview]	Oxygen Saturation Measured Over 2-hour Time Frame
NCT00305110 (6) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Assessed Over 2-hour Time Frame
NCT00385541 (5) [back to overview]	Mean Score on the Numeric Rating Scare (NRS) Pruritus Scale
NCT00385541 (5) [back to overview]	Mean Score on the Ramsey Scale of Sedation
NCT00385541 (5) [back to overview]	Nausea Assessment by Patient
NCT00385541 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Assessment by Patient
NCT00385541 (5) [back to overview]	The Number of Patients Who Vomited
NCT00465647 (4) [back to overview]	Population Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) Model for Hydromorphone: Clearance (Cl)
NCT00465647 (4) [back to overview]	Mean (SE) of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) [Ages 12-16] Pain Scores on Hydromorphone Alone (Oral/Supplemental) Over Time
NCT00465647 (4) [back to overview]	Mean (SE) of Faces, Legs Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Pain Scores on Hydromorphone Alone (Oral/Supplemental) Over Time [Ages >=28 Days to <5 Years]
NCT00465647 (4) [back to overview]	Mean (SE) of Faces Pain Scale-Revised (FPS-R) [Ages >= 5 Years-< 12 Years] Pain Scores on Hydromorphone Alone (Oral/Supplemental)Over Time
NCT00499746 (8) [back to overview]	Peak Change From Baseline Opioid Agonist Effects Assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
NCT00499746 (8) [back to overview]	Peak Change From Baseline Stimulant Effects Assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
NCT00499746 (8) [back to overview]	Physiologic Effects Assessed by the Pharmacological Class Questionnaire
NCT00499746 (8) [back to overview]	Discrimination Effects Assessed by Discrete Choice
NCT00499746 (8) [back to overview]	Discrimination Effects Assessed by Operant Responses
NCT00499746 (8) [back to overview]	Physiological Effects Assessed by Peak Change From Baseline Pupil Diameter
NCT00499746 (8) [back to overview]	Acquisition of Discrimination Assessed by Accuracy of the Discrimination Test
NCT00499746 (8) [back to overview]	Discrimination Effects Assessed by Point Distribution
NCT00549042 (1) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline to Week 12 in Mean Pain Intensity
NCT00627367 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Scores Among Patients Who Received 1 Dose of Intravenous (IV) Hydromorphone
NCT00627367 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Scores Among Patients in the Protocolized Group vs Those in the Physician Driven Group Who Received Only Intravenous (IV) Morphine
NCT00627367 (4) [back to overview]	Patient Reported Change in Pain Intensity From Initial Administration of Analgesics (Baseline) to 60 Minutes Post-baseline.
NCT00627367 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Scores Among Patients Who Received 2 Doses of Intravenous (IV) Hydromorphone
NCT00631319 (1) [back to overview]	Patient Diary-derived Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) Pain Intensity Change From Baseline to Week 12 or Final Visit of the Double-blind Phase
NCT00682435 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Reduction in Pain Intensity
NCT00682435 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Who Had Adequate Analgesia
NCT00682435 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Oxygen Desaturation Less Than 95%
NCT00682435 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Intensity
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Sleep Disturbance Questionnaire: Wake up Due to Unbearable Pain
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Clinical Global Impression-Improvement (CGI-Improvement) Score
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants Who Preferred the Oral Long-Action Opioids Analgesic or Study Drug
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Percentage of Treatment Response in Sleep Disturbance Caused by Cancer Pain
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Korean Brief Pain Inventory (K-BPI) Questionnaire Score
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants in Each Category of Global Assessment of Overall Efficacy of Study Drug Assessed by Investigators
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants in Each Category of Global Assessment of Overall Efficacy of Study Drug Assessed by Participants
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Each Grade of Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status Score
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Number of Times the Short-Acting Opioid Analgesic Administered for Breakthrough Pain
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Participant's Pain Intensity
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Different Reasons for Their Preference for Oral Long-Action Opioids Analgesic or Study Drug
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Sleep Disturbance Questionnaire: Analgesic Administration
NCT00766831 (13) [back to overview]	Sleep Disturbance Questionnaire: Frequency of Waking Up
NCT00825370 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients With Successful Treatment
NCT00825370 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Who Did Not Want Additional Pain Medication at 60 Minutes
NCT00825370 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Who Did Not Want Additional Pain Medication at 15 Minutes
NCT00825370 (4) [back to overview]	Changes in Pain Intensity From Baseline to Other Pain Assessment Times (15 and 60 Minutes).
NCT00955110 (1) [back to overview]	High VAS - Emax (mm)
NCT00980798 (2) [back to overview]	The Number of Patients Discontinuing From the Trial Due to the Occurrence of an Adverse Event
NCT00980798 (2) [back to overview]	Analgesic Effect as Assessed by Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Item 5 Score (Pain on Average)
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Score
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	Frequency of Experiencing Breakthrough Pain
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life (EQRTC QLQ-C30) Score
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Korean - Brief Pain Inventory (K-BPI) Score at Day 15
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	Percentage of Participants With Dosing Frequency of Analgesics for Treating Breakthrough Pain
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	Global Assessment of Overall Efficacy of Study Drug by Investigator
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	Global Assessment of Overall Efficacy of Study Drug by Participant
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Clinical Global Impression - Improvement (CGI-I) Score
NCT01006356 (9) [back to overview]	Participant's Preferences Along With Reasons
NCT01205126 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Worst Pain in the Past 24 Hours Assessed by Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Short Form Questionnaire Score at Day 29
NCT01205126 (6) [back to overview]	Breakthrough Pain Medication (Rescue Medication) Doses Taken
NCT01205126 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Average Pain, in the Past 24 Hours Assessed by BPI Short Form Questionnaire Score at Day 29
NCT01205126 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Pain at Its Least, in the Past 24 Hours Assessed by BPI Short Form Questionnaire Score at Day 29
NCT01205126 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Pain Relief, in the Past 24 Hour Recorded Assessed by BPI Short Form Questionnaire at Day 29
NCT01205126 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Pain Right Now Assessed by BPI Short Form Questionnaire Score at Day 29
NCT01207596 (7) [back to overview]	Global Assessment of Treatment Satisfaction
NCT01207596 (7) [back to overview]	Sleep Quality Assessment (SQA)
NCT01207596 (7) [back to overview]	Pain Quality Assessment Scale (PQAS)
NCT01207596 (7) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Average Pain Over the Last 24 Hrs on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Scale Question #6: the Number That Tells How Much Pain You Have Right Now
NCT01207596 (7) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Average Pain Over the Last 24 Hrs on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Scale Question #4: the Number That Best Describes Your Pain at Its Least in the Last 24 Hours
NCT01207596 (7) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Average Pain Over the Last 24 Hrs on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Scale Question #3: the Number That Best Describes Your Pain at Its Worst in the Last 24 Hours
NCT01207596 (7) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Average Pain Over the Last 24 Hrs on the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Scale
NCT01218984 (1) [back to overview]	Slope Change From Baseline for Pupil Size
NCT01311895 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Satisfactory Pain Management at 60 Minutes
NCT01311895 (3) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Who Reported no Pain or Mild Pain at 60 Minutes
NCT01311895 (3) [back to overview]	Mean Change in Pain Intensity From Baseline to 60 Minutes
NCT01429285 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Who Achieved Satisfactory Analgesia at 15 Minutes Post-baseline
NCT01429285 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Who Achieved Satisfactory Analgesia at 60 Minutes Post-baseline
NCT01429285 (6) [back to overview]	Mean Change in Pain Intensity From Baseline to 60 Minutes
NCT01429285 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With 50% or Greater Decline in Pain Intensity Score From Baseline to 60 Minutes
NCT01429285 (6) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Score at 60 Minutes
NCT01429285 (6) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With a Pain Intensity Score of 3 or Less at 60 Minutes
NCT01429298 (5) [back to overview]	Mean Change in Pain Intensity Score From Baseline to 30 Minutes
NCT01429298 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Achieved at Least 50% Decline in NRS Pain Score at 30 Minutes
NCT01429298 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Declined Additional Medication at 30 Minutes
NCT01429298 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Reported no Pain or Mild Pain at 30 Minutes
NCT01429298 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Patients Who Achieved Absolute Pain Intensity Score of 3 or Less at 30 Minutes
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in NRS After Treadmill Walk
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in Treadmill Distance Walked
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Disability
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in Sit to Stand Repetitions
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in Stair Climb Time
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in Time to Lift Box
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in VAS
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in NRS After Stair Climb
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in Distance to Floor
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in McGill Pain Questionnaire - Short Form
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in PASS
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in NRS After Box Lift
NCT01455519 (13) [back to overview]	Change in NRS After Sit to Stand Repetitions
NCT01591382 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Treatment Related Adverse Events (AEs)
NCT01591382 (5) [back to overview]	Worst Postoperative Pain Score
NCT01591382 (5) [back to overview]	Average Postoperative Pain Score
NCT01591382 (5) [back to overview]	24-Hour Postoperative Opioid Use
NCT01591382 (5) [back to overview]	Least Postoperative Pain Score
NCT01598506 (2) [back to overview]	Pain Score, Visual Analogue Pain Scores
NCT01598506 (2) [back to overview]	Pain Scores, Visual Analogue Pain Scale
NCT01598545 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Scores, Visual Analogue Pain Scale
NCT01598545 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Scores, Visual Analogue Pain Scale
NCT01598545 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Scores, Visual Analogue Pain Scale
NCT01598545 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Scores, Visual Analogue Pain Scale
NCT01598545 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Scores, Visual Analogue Pain Scale
NCT01648699 (4) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Average Score at Baseline
NCT01648699 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Given Rescue Pain Medications
NCT01648699 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Categorical Score on Clinical Global Impression Scale as Assessed by Clinician
NCT01648699 (4) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Average Score at Day 28
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Correlation Between Change in Pain Intensity and TBW at 15 Minutes Post-treatment
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Desired for More Analgesics
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Correlation Between Change in Pain Intensity and TBW at 30 Minutes Post-treatment
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Effects of Race/Ethnicity on the Correlation Between TBW and Change in Pain Intensity
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Oxygen Saturation Level < 92%
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Effects of Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms of Opioid Metabolism (UGT2B7, -G840A) on the Correlation Between TBW and Change in Pain Intensity
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Effects of Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms of Opioid Receptor (OPRM1, A118G) on the Correlation Between TBW and Change in Pain Intensity
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Number of Participant With Systolic Blood Pressure < 90 mmHg
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Effects of Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms of Pain Sensitivity (COMT, G1947A) on the Correlation Between TBW and Change in Pain Intensity
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Pain Treatment Satisfaction Levels as Assessed by Self-report
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Effect of Gender on the Correlation Between BMI and Change in Pain Intensity
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Vomit
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Skin Itching
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Effects of Single-nucleotide Polymorphisms of Opioid Transporter (ABCB1, C3435T) on the Correlation Between TBW and Change in Pain Intensity
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Association Between Change in Pain Intensity and BMI at 15 Minutes Post-treatment
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Nausea
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Correlation Between Change in Pain Intensity and BMI at 30 Minutes Post-treatment
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Effect of Gender on the Correlation Between TBW and Change in Pain Intensity
NCT01675778 (19) [back to overview]	Effects of Age on the Correlation Between TBW and Change in Pain Intensity
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	Proportion of Subjects Who Are Treatment Failures During the Double-blind Randomized Withdrawal Period
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ): Summary Score
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	Time to Rescue - Rescue Medication Given
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	Time to Rescue Medication After Randomization (Days)
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory (BPI): Pain Severity Summary Measure
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	"Brief Pain Inventory (BPI): Pain Severity Average"
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	"Brief Pain Inventory (BPI): Pain Severity, Worst"
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory: Interference With Function Summary Measure
NCT01709721 (10) [back to overview]	Oral Opioid Supplement Consumption
NCT01709747 (3) [back to overview]	Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
NCT01709747 (3) [back to overview]	Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) - Mean Pain Severity
NCT01709747 (3) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scale Pain Intensity (VASPI)
NCT01812759 (1) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Total Pain Relief Score (TOTPAR4) at Four Hours After Treatment Initiation.
NCT01892709 (4) [back to overview]	"Number of Patients Responding to the Question, Do You Want More Pain Medication? at Each Time Point"
NCT01892709 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Requesting Pain Medication in Different Patterns Over Time
NCT01892709 (4) [back to overview]	Adverse Events and Side Effects by Total Amount of Hydromorphone Received
NCT01892709 (4) [back to overview]	"Mean Pain Intensity Score in Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) Units at Each Time Point, Based on Response to the Question, Do You Want More Pain Medication?"
NCT01943565 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Hypothermia (Body Temperature < 95F/35C)
NCT01943565 (8) [back to overview]	Intraoperative Vasopressor Use: Phenylephrine Equivalents
NCT01943565 (8) [back to overview]	Intraoperative Vasopressor Use: Ephedrine Equivalents
NCT01943565 (8) [back to overview]	24hr Post-partum IV Opioid Requirement
NCT01943565 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Pruritus
NCT01943565 (8) [back to overview]	Patients With Nausea and Vomiting Requiring Rescue Medication
NCT01943565 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Visual Disturbances
NCT01943565 (8) [back to overview]	Oxygen Saturation, Need for Supplemental Oxygen
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing Delirium
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing Delirium
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing Delirium
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Length of Hospital Stay
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction With Perioperative Analgesia
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction With Perioperative Analgesia
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Total Post-operative Opioid Consumption
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction With Overall Care
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Adverse Events Related to the Study
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Post-operative Pain as Assessed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
NCT01986946 (11) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Readmitted to Hospital Within 30 Days of Surgery
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Pruritus
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Treatment for Pruritus
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Side Effects: Nausea
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Side Effects: Pruritus
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Side Effects: Sedation
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Treatment for Nausea
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Dose of IT Morphine and IT Hydromorphone for Adequate Analgesia (Pain Score Less Than or Equal to 3) in 90% of Patients
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Nausea
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Nausea
NCT02009722 (10) [back to overview]	Pruritus
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	Reinforcing Effects (Breakpoint) by Study Week Analyzed by Mixed Model for Repeated Measures
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"Change From Placebo in VAS Score for Do You Feel Any Drug Effect? by Study Week and Simulated mu Opioid Receptor Occupancy (μORO)"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"Change From Placebo in VAS Score for Do You Feel Sedated? by Study Week and Simulated mu Opioid Receptor Occupancy (μORO)"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	Reinforcing Effects Of the Daily Randomized Hydromorphone Challenge as Measured by the Mean Hydromorphone Break Point Value at Weeks 1-12
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"Change From Placebo in VAS Score for Does the Drug Have Any Bad Effects? by Study Week and Simulated mu Opioid Receptor Occupancy (μORO)"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"VAS Score for Do You Feel Any Drug Effect? by Study Week Analyzed by Mixed Model for Repeated Measures"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"Change From Placebo in VAS Score for Does the Drug Have Any Good Effects? by Study Week and Simulated mu Opioid Receptor Occupancy (μORO)"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"Change From Placebo in VAS Score for How High Are You Right Now? by Study Week and Simulated mu Opioid Receptor Occupancy (μORO)"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"Opioid Blockade Following Administration of Hydromorphone Challenge As Measured Using the Subjective Opioid Effects Rating for the Question Do You Like the Drug? Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at Weeks 1-4 Analyzed by Mixed Model for Repeated Measures"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"VAS Score for Do You Feel Sedated? by Study Week Analyzed by Mixed Model for Repeated Measures"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"VAS Score for Does the Drug Have Any Bad Effects? by Study Week Analyzed by Mixed Model for Repeated Measures"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"VAS Score for Does the Drug Have Any Good Effects? by Study Week Analyzed by Mixed Model for Repeated Measures"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"VAS Score for How High Are You Right Now? by Study Week Analyzed by Mixed Model for Repeated Measures"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"Visual Analog Scale (VAS) Score for Do You Like the Drug? by Study Week Analyzed by Mixed Model for Repeated Measures"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	Change From Placebo in Reinforcing Effects (Breakpoint) by Study Week and Simulated mu Opioid Receptor Occupancy (μORO)
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE)
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE)
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	Plasma Concentrations of Buprenorphine Summarized by Study Week
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	"Change From Placebo in VAS Score for Do You Like the Drug? by Study Week and Simulated mu Opioid Receptor Occupancy (μORO)"
NCT02044094 (20) [back to overview]	Predicted mu Opioid Receptor Occupancy (μORO) by Mean Buprenorphine Concentrations and Study Week
NCT02056301 (3) [back to overview]	Verbal Pain Scale Scores During Postoperative Days 0-4
NCT02056301 (3) [back to overview]	Total Morphine Equivalent Consumption During Postoperative Days 0-4
NCT02056301 (3) [back to overview]	Rescue Morphine Equivalent Administration During Postoperative Days 0-4
NCT02062879 (3) [back to overview]	Median Pain Score
NCT02062879 (3) [back to overview]	Total Daily Opioid Requirement
NCT02062879 (3) [back to overview]	Breakthrough Daily Opioid Requirement
NCT02096003 (4) [back to overview]	Post Operative Fentanyl PCA Consumption
NCT02096003 (4) [back to overview]	Pain Score
NCT02096003 (4) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction Score
NCT02096003 (4) [back to overview]	Symptom Scale for Two Specific Side Effects of Nausea and Pruritus
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Chronic Persistent Surgical Pain-Weekly Frequency of Pain
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Pain Scores Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU) Arrival
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Pain Scores on Postoperative Day One
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Pain Scores on Postoperative Day 2
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Pain Scores 2 Hours After PACU Arrival
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Pain Scores 1 Hour After PACU Arrival
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Hydromorphone Use Third 24 Hours
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Hydromorphone Use Second 24 Hours
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Hydromorphone Use at 24 Hours
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Chronic Persistent Surgical Pain-weekly Frequency of Pain
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Chronic Persistent Surgical Pain-Weekly Frequency of Pain
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction Scores
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Chronic Persistent Surgical Pain-Weekly Frequency of Pain
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Pain Scores Postoperative Day 3
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction Scores
NCT02107339 (16) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction Scores
NCT02164929 (8) [back to overview]	Time to First Ingestion of Solid Food
NCT02164929 (8) [back to overview]	Length of Stay
NCT02164929 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Epidural-related Side Effects
NCT02164929 (8) [back to overview]	Opioid Related Side Effects
NCT02164929 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Scores
NCT02164929 (8) [back to overview]	Postoperative Opioid Consumption
NCT02164929 (8) [back to overview]	Quality of Recovery
NCT02164929 (8) [back to overview]	Time to First Bowel Movement
NCT02205983 (1) [back to overview]	"Subjective Effects as Assessed by Score on Feel Drug, Feel High, Like Drug, and Want More Subscales of the Drug Effects Questionnaire"
NCT02222246 (2) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Scores Over Time
NCT02222246 (2) [back to overview]	Difference in Pain Score as Measured by a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Severe Sedation
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Time to Discharge From Hospital
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Time to Discharge From PACU
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Mean Dose of Analgesic Used
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Severe Itching
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Our Combined Primary Outcome Will be Number of Patients With Same Analgesia Minimal Emesis, as Compared Between the 2 Groups.
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Patients Requesting Oral Analgesia in the Day Surgery Unit
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction Score
NCT02223377 (9) [back to overview]	Severe Respiratory Depression
NCT02321319 (1) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs)
NCT02356198 (5) [back to overview]	Mean Pain Score
NCT02356198 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Post-operative Ileus
NCT02356198 (5) [back to overview]	Total Length of Hospital Stay
NCT02356198 (5) [back to overview]	Total Morphine Milligram Equivalents Use (MME)
NCT02356198 (5) [back to overview]	Use of Intravenous Patient-controlled Analgesia
NCT02389829 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Needing Rescue Medication as Assessed by Questionnaire
NCT02389829 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Achieved Short Term Headache Freedom; Assessed by Telephone Questionnaire
NCT02389829 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Sustained Headache Relief Assessed by Self-evaluation
NCT02389829 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Who Achieved Short Term Headache Relief, Assessed by Telphone Questionnaire
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Number of Recorded Episodes of Emesis
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Patient Satisfaction Scores Related to Pain Metrics, as Measured by the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) Survey
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Post-operative Antiemetic Use (Measured in mg of Ondanestron Used in the First 24 Hours After Surgery)
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Post-operative Complications (UTIs, Thromboembolic Events, Pneumonia, Blood Transfusion, Myocardial Infarction, Falls)
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Average Daily Pain Score as Measured by Pain NRS Scores
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Length of Time Until Return of Bowel Function
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Difference in IL-2 Levels Between Pre-operative and Post-operative Values
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Epidural Discontinuation Rates Prior to Planned Removal (in Epidural Group Only)
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Use Measured in Oral Morphine Equivalents (mg)
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Length of Hospital Stay (Hours)
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Relative Pain Scores, as Measured by the Pain Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)
NCT02423876 (12) [back to overview]	Readmission Rate
NCT02437669 (4) [back to overview]	Score on Verbal Numeric Rating Scale
NCT02437669 (4) [back to overview]	Score on Faces Pain Scale - Revised
NCT02437669 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Minor Adverse Events
NCT02437669 (4) [back to overview]	Number of Major Adverse Events
NCT02459964 (2) [back to overview]	Non-inferiority of Fentanyl Nasal Spray Versus Intravenous Opioids in the Change in the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) Pain Intensity Score at One Hour, Starting From the Time of Drug Delivery (Treatment Initiation).
NCT02459964 (2) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Change in Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) Pain Intensity Score
NCT02601027 (6) [back to overview]	Post-operative Narcotic Usage
NCT02601027 (6) [back to overview]	Quality of Life Measurement
NCT02601027 (6) [back to overview]	Time to First Bowel Movement
NCT02601027 (6) [back to overview]	Time to Ambulation
NCT02601027 (6) [back to overview]	Post-operative Pain Score
NCT02601027 (6) [back to overview]	Post-operative Anti-emetic Usage
NCT02604589 (7) [back to overview]	Narcotic Use
NCT02604589 (7) [back to overview]	Mortality
NCT02604589 (7) [back to overview]	Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) Length of Stay
NCT02604589 (7) [back to overview]	Time to Improvement in Pain Intensity
NCT02604589 (7) [back to overview]	Time to Improvement in Pulmonary Function
NCT02604589 (7) [back to overview]	Morbidity
NCT02604589 (7) [back to overview]	Hospital Length of Stay
NCT02621619 (2) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Intensity Over Time
NCT02621619 (2) [back to overview]	Change in Pain Intensity, Baseline to 60 Minutes After Medication Infused
NCT02625181 (4) [back to overview]	The Number of Prophylactic Interventions for PONV
NCT02625181 (4) [back to overview]	Adherence to PONV Guidelines
NCT02625181 (4) [back to overview]	PONV Incidence: Number of Participants With Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
NCT02625181 (4) [back to overview]	Time to Discharge From the Postanesthesia Care Unit (PACU)
NCT02789410 (3) [back to overview]	Pruritus
NCT02789410 (3) [back to overview]	NRS Score for Pain (0-10) With Movement 24 Hours After Spinal Administration
NCT02789410 (3) [back to overview]	Nausea
NCT02886286 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Average Weekly Numeric Pain Rating Score (NRS)
NCT02886286 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)
NCT02886286 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in painDETECT
NCT02886286 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
NCT02886286 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in the Numerical Rating Pain Scale (NRS)
NCT02886286 (6) [back to overview]	Change From Baseline in Treatment Satisfaction
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	Length of Stay
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	Total Dose of Opioids Administered During Hospitalization
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	Satisfaction Scores in the Morning After Surgery (7AM)
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	VAS Scores at 4 Hours Post Surgery
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	Satisfaction Scores 96 Hours After Surgery
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting at 7AM After Surgery
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	Quality of Recovery Scores on Post op Day 1
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Scores (VAS)
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	VAS Scores 96 Hours After Surgery
NCT03052816 (10) [back to overview]	Number of Participants With Urinary Retention.
NCT03104816 (1) [back to overview]	Postoperative Opioid Use
NCT03115151 (1) [back to overview]	Visual Analog Pain Score (VAS)
NCT03151434 (7) [back to overview]	Average Sedation Scores Over 72 Hours
NCT03151434 (7) [back to overview]	Average Nausea Scores Over 72 Hours
NCT03151434 (7) [back to overview]	Subjects Overall Satisfaction Scores
NCT03151434 (7) [back to overview]	The Primary Endpoint of This Study Will be VAS Pain Score at 24 Hours
NCT03151434 (7) [back to overview]	The Primary Endpoint of This Study Will be VAS Pain Score at 48 Hours
NCT03151434 (7) [back to overview]	Secondary Endpoint Includes Total Intravenous Opioid Consumption at 72 Hours
NCT03151434 (7) [back to overview]	Subjects Overall Satisfaction Scores
NCT03300674 (3) [back to overview]	Change in 0-10 Pain Scale Between Baseline and 90 Minutes
NCT03300674 (3) [back to overview]	Adverse Events
NCT03300674 (3) [back to overview]	Rescue Medication
NCT03389750 (1) [back to overview]	"Positive Subjective Drug Effects (i.e., Drug Liking)."
NCT03521102 (3) [back to overview]	Clinical Improvement in NRS Pain Score
NCT03521102 (3) [back to overview]	Improvement in NPS Pain Score by >=50%
NCT03521102 (3) [back to overview]	Need for Rescue Medication
NCT03553498 (4) [back to overview]	Change in Numerical Rating Scale of Pain (NRS) Before Treatment to 60 Minutes After Treatment
NCT03553498 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Who Want Additional Analgesics
NCT03553498 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Who Received Additional Pain Medication Within 60 Minutes of Administration of Study Medication
NCT03553498 (4) [back to overview]	Percentage of Patients Who Received Additional Pain Medication Between 61 and 120 Minutes After Administration of Study Medications
NCT03789318 (5) [back to overview]	Time to Opioid Cessation or Freedom
NCT03789318 (5) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Consumption
NCT03789318 (5) [back to overview]	Weighted Sum of Pain Intensity (SPI) Assessments = AUC of NRS Scores
NCT03789318 (5) [back to overview]	Pain Intensity Scores at 96 Hours at Rest Using Numerical Rating Scale (NRS)
NCT03789318 (5) [back to overview]	Percent of Opioid Free Subjects
NCT03933397 (5) [back to overview]	Length of Care
NCT03933397 (5) [back to overview]	Length of Index ED (Emergency Department) Stay
NCT03933397 (5) [back to overview]	The Change in Pain Score
NCT03933397 (5) [back to overview]	Number of Participants Experiencing Side Effects
NCT03933397 (5) [back to overview]	Total Number of Hospitalizations for Vaso-Occlusive Episode 7 Days Post Enrollment
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Scores
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Length of Stay in Hours
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Number of Patients With Return to the Clinic, Emergency Department Due to Post Operative Pain Within a 2 Week Period
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Operative Time
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Pain Scores
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Pain Medications Required 0-3h Post op in Morphine Milligram Equivalents (MME)
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Total Opioid Pain Medications Required Through 3-24h Post op in MME
NCT04429022 (8) [back to overview]	Estimated Blood Loss

"Change From Baseline in QoL Vitality at Week 4"

Change from baseline in QoL was assessed using the SF-36 QoL questionnaire, specifically SF-36 vitality score at week 4. Scores could range from 0 to 100, with a high score indicating a better QoL. Positive change from baseline scores indicate improvement in vitality. (NCT00261495)
Timeframe: baseline and week 4

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	6.4
Oxycodone	9.2

Intervention	Subjects (Number)
	0 mg (week 4)	+8 mg (week 4)	+20 mg (week 4)	+24 mg (week 4)	+60 mg (week 4)	-60 mg (week 24)	-40 mg (week 24)	-24 mg (week 24)	-20 mg (week 24)	-16 mg (week 24)	-8 mg (week 24)	0 mg (week 24)	+8 mg (week 24)	+16 mg (week 24)	+20 mg (week 24)	+40 mg (week 24)	-16 mg (week 52)	-8 mg (week 52)	0 mg (week 52)	+40 mg (week 52)
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	79	102	0	73	0	0	0	1	0	4	11	172	6	9	0	0	3	1	56	0
Oxycodone	84	0	108	0	58	2	8	0	6	0	0	144	0	0	8	14	0	0	50	2

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline	Week 4	Week 8	Week 12	Week 16	Week 20	Week 24
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	0.7	0.5	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.3
Oxycodone	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
	Pain severity, BPI items 3 to 6	Pain relief, BPI item 8	Pain right now, BPI item 6	Pain at its worst, BPI item 3	Pain at its least, BPI item 4	Average pain, BPI item 5	Pain interfered general activity, BPI item 9a	Pain interfered mood, BPI item 9b	Pain interfered walking ability, BPI item 9c	Pain interfered normal work, BPI item 9d	Pain interfered relation other people, BPI item 9e	BPI pain interfered sleep, BPI item 9f	BPI pain interfered enjoyment of life, BPI item 9g
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	-2.4	17.7	-2.9	-2.8	-1.9	-2.6	-2.5	-2.3	-2.3	-2.9	-1.6	-2.4	-2.4
Oxycodone	-2.4	23.6	-2.8	-2.4	-2.3	-2.6	-2.6	-2.7	-2.5	-3.2	-1.9	-3.0	-2.6

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
	SF-36 bodily pain index	SF-36 general health perceptions	SF-36 health transition	SF-36 mental health	SF-36 physical functioning	SF-36 role emotional	SF-36 role physical	SF-36 social functioning	SF-36 vitality
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	23.1	9.6	-0.3	11.7	11.4	22.1	17.0	15.4	11.5
Oxycodone	19.6	5.5	-0.1	6.9	9.2	7.3	15.0	12.8	11.9

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
	MOS sleep disturbance	MOS snoring	MOS sleep shortness of breath or headache	MOS sleep adequacy	MOS sleep somnolence	MOS sleep quantity
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	-17.6	-2.5	-8.4	12.3	-6.5	0.5
Oxycodone	-20.1	-4.7	-7.8	11.9	1.8	0.5

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
	Evening worst pain	Evening least pain	Evening average pain	Morning worst pain	Morning least pain	Morning average pain	All day worst pain	All day least pain	All day average pain	All day pain right now
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	-2.2	-1.6	-2.0	-1.9	-1.5	-1.7	-2.1	-1.5	-1.8	-2.1
Oxycodone	-2.1	-1.4	-1.8	-2.1	-1.2	-1.8	-2.1	-1.3	-1.8	-2.0

Intervention	Subjects (Number)
	Titration phase (on study at least 4 weeks) 0 mg	Titration phase (on study at least 4 weeks) +8 mg	Titration phase (on study at least 4 weeks) +20 mg	Titration phase (on study at least 4 weeks) +24 mg	Titration phase (on study at least 4 weeks) +60 mg	Titration phase (on study <4 weeks) 0 mg	Titration phase (on study <4 weeks) +8 mg	Titration phase (on study <4 weeks) +20 mg	Titration phase (on study <4 weeks) +24 mg	Titration phase (on study <4 weeks) +60 mg	Week 24 (on study at least 4 weeks) 0 mg	Week 24 (on study at least 4 weeks ) +4 mg	Week 24 (on study at least 4 weeks ) +8 mg	Week 24 (on study at least 4 weeks) +20 mg	Week 24 (on study at least 4 weeks ) +24 mg	Week 24 (on study at least 4 weeks) +60 mg	Week 24 (on study <4 weeks) 0 mg	Week 24 (on study <4 weeks) +8 mg	Week 24 (on study <4 weeks) +20 mg	Week 24 (on study <4 weeks) +24 mg	Week 24 (on study <4 weeks) +60 mg
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	50	92	0	65	0	29	10	0	8	0	58	0	76	0	73	0	29	10	0	8	0
Oxycodone	41	0	94	0	54	43	0	14	0	4	40	1	0	87	0	61	43	0	14	0	4

Intervention	Subjects (Number)
	Visit 5, week 4: very good	Visit 5, week 4: good	Visit 5, week 4: moderate	Visit 5, week 4: poor	Visit 5, week 4: very poor	Visit 8, week 24: very good	Visit 8, week 24: good	Visit 8, week 24: moderate	Visit 8, week 24: poor	Visit 8, week 24: very poor	Visit 10, week 52: very good	Visit 10, week 52: good	Visit 10, week 52: moderate	Visit 10, week 52: poor	Visit 10, week 52: very poor
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	49	92	51	12	0	48	91	50	44	16	18	37	5	0	0
Oxycodone	27	92	50	9	3	31	103	41	50	10	11	34	6	1	0

Intervention	Subjects (Number)
	Very convenient, week 4	Convenient, week 4	Neither convenient or inconvenient, week 4	Inconvenient, week 4	Very inconvenient, week 4	Very convenient, week 24	Convenient, week 24	Neither convenient or inconvenient, week 24	Inconvenient, week 24	Very inconvenient, week 24	Very convenient, week 52	Convenient, week 52	Neither convenient or inconvenient, week 52	Inconvenient, week 52	Very inconvenient, week 52
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	57	97	30	7	3	63	96	31	8	7	21	10	2	0	0
Oxycodone	36	94	30	6	1	53	90	33	11	8	11	15	2	0	0

Intervention	Subjects (Number)
	Adverse events (core)	Adverse events (extension)	Consent withdrawn (core)	Consent withdrawn (extension)	Inadequate pain relief (core)	Inadequate pain relief (extension)	Investigator withdrew patient (core)	Investigator withdrew patient (extension)	Lost to follow up (core)	Lost to follow up (extension)	Non compliance (core)	Non compliance (extension)	Other (core)	Other (extension)	Protocol violation (core)	Protocol violation (extension)	Treatment completed no follow up visit (core)	Treatment completed no follow up visit (extension)	Inefficacy at maximal dosage (core)
OROS Hydromorphone HCl	57	4	12	0	22	0	4	0	2	1	3	1	6	4	6	0	2	0	17
Oxycodone	56	1	16	1	18	1	2	0	0	0	10	0	5	2	6	0	0	0	12

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	less than 50% decrease	greater than or equal to 50% decrease
Hydromorphone	53	40
Morphine	53	37

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	none or slight	moderate to complete
Hydromorphone	32	61
Morphine	37	53

Intervention	participants (Number)
	at least 95% oxygen saturation, all time points	90-94% oxygen saturation, one or more times	below 90% oxygen saturation, one or more times
2 mg IV Hydromorphone	68	26	6

Intervention	% oxygen saturation (Median)
	Baseline	1 minute post infusion	2 minutes post infusion	3 minutes post infusion	4 minutes post infusion	5 minutes post infusion	15 minutes post infusion	30 minutes post infusion	120 minutes post infusion
2 mg IV Hydromorphone	99	98	98	98	98	97	97	98	98

Intervention	unit on a scale (Mean)
	Predose	Dose 1 (1 hour postdose)	Dose 2 (1 hour postdose)	Dose 3 (1 hour postdose)	Dose 4 (1 hour postdose)	Dose 5 (1 hour postdose)	Dose 6 (1 hour postdose)
Oral ≥ 12 Years to < 17 Years	4.04	3.73	3.95	4.09	4.13	4.19	3.25

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
Placebo 0 mg	1.4
Hydromorphone 4 mg	2.9
Hydromorphone 8 mg	4.8
Methylphenidate 30 mg	2.1
Methylphenidate 60 mg	3.4
Tramadol 50 mg	0.4
Tramadol 100 mg	1.6
Tramadol 200 mg	2.1
Tramadol 400 mg	3.8

Intervention	percentage of drug identification (Number)
	Placebo	Opioid Agonist	Stimulant
Hydromorphone 4 mg	25	75	0
Hydromorphone 8 mg	0	100	0
Methylphenidate 30 mg	0	0	100
Methylphenidate 60 mg	0	0	100
Placebo 0 mg	100	0	0
Tramadol 100 mg	75	25	0
Tramadol 200 mg	37	63	0
Tramadol 400 mg	25	63	12
Tramadol 50 mg	100	0	0

Intervention	percentage of drug identification (Number)
	Placebo	Hydromorphone	Methylphenidate
Hydromorphone 4 mg	25	75	0
Hydromorphone 8 mg	0	100	0
Methylphenidate 30 mg	0	0	100
Methylphenidate 60 mg	0	0	100
Placebo 0 mg	100	0	0
Tramadol 100 mg	75	25	0
Tramadol 200 mg	25	75	0
Tramadol 400 mg	25	63	12
Tramadol 50 mg	100	0	0

Intervention	mm (Mean)
Placebo 0 mg	-0.5
Hydromorphone 4 mg	-1.2
Hydromorphone 8 mg	-1.9
Methylphenidate 30 mg	-0.6
Methylphenidate 60 mg	-0.3
Tramadol 50 mg	-0.5
Tramadol 100 mg	-0.2
Tramadol 200 mg	-0.8
Tramadol 400 mg	-0.8

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	15 minutes after 1st 1mg dose of IV hydromorphone72366423		15 minutes after 2nd 1 mg dose of IV hydromorphone72366423
	wanted more pain medication	Did not want more pain medication
Hydromorphone	51
Hydromorphone	172
Hydromorphone	9
Hydromorphone	35

hydromorphone

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (83)

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Roles (2)

Drug Classes (2)

Pathways (1)

Protein Targets (5)

Inhibition Measurements

Activation Measurements

Other Measurements

Biological Processes (89)

Molecular Functions (30)

Ceullar Components (32)

Bioassays (94)

Research

Studies (1,344)

Study Types

Clinical Trials (190)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

"Change From Baseline in QoL Vitality at Week 4"

Change in Dose of Study Treatment

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Enjoyment of Life (BPI Item 9g) at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With General Activity (BPI Item 9a) at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Mood (BPI Item 9b) at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Mood (BPI Item 9b) at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Normal Work (BPI Item 9d) at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Normal Work (BPI Item 9d) at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Relations With Other People (BPI Item 9e) at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Relations With Other People (BPI Item 9e) at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Sleep (BPI Item 9f) at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Sleep (BPI Item 9f) at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Walking Ability (BPI Item 9c) at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in Pain Interference Pain Interfered With Walking Ability (BPI Item 9c) at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Bodily Pain at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in QoL General Health Perceptions at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in QoL General Health Perceptions at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Health Transition at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Health Transition at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Mental Health at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Mental Health at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Physical Functioning at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Physical Functioning at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Role Emotional at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Role Emotional at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Role Physical at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Role Physical at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Social Functioning at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Social Functioning at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in QoL Vitality at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in Quality of Life (QoL) Bodily Pain at Week 4"

"Change From Baseline in Subject Diary Evening Mean Pain Score Pain Right Now at Week 24"

"Change From Baseline in Subject Diary Morning Mean Pain Score Pain Right Now at Week 24"

Amount of add-on Pain Medication

Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Relief Score (BPI Item 8) at Week 24

Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Relief Score (BPI Item 8) at Week 4

Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Score (Mean of BPI Items 3 to 6) at Week 24

Change From Baseline in BPI Pain Severity Score (Mean of BPI Items 3 to 6) at Week 4

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality (MOS Index I) at Week 4

"Change From Baseline in Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) Questionnaire Item 6 Pain Right Now Score at Week 24 (Per Protocol [PP] Population)"

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality (MOS Index II) at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality (MOS Index II) at Week 4

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Adequacy at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Disturbance at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Quantity at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Shortness of Breath or Headache at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Sleep Somnolence at Week 24

Change From Baseline in Sleep Quality, Snoring at Week 24

Equi-analgesic Dosage of OROS Hydromorphone Once-daily and SR Oxycodone Twice-daily (ITT Population)

Equi-analgesic Dosage of OROS Hydromorphone Once-daily and SR Oxycodone Twice-daily (PP Population)

Equi-analgesic Dose at Steady State (ITT Population)

Equi-analgesic Dose at Steady-state (PP Population)

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Baseline: Yes	Baseline: No	Day 15: Yes	Day 15: No
Hydromorphone OROS	32	50	15	67

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Improved very much	Improved much	Improved a little	No change	Aggravated a little	Aggravated much
Hydromorphone OROS	1	21	37	20	2	1

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
	Hydromorphone hydrochloride OROS tablets	Previously administered strong opioid analgesic
Hydromorphone OROS	80.5	19.5

Intervention	Units on a scale (Mean)
	Baseline: Worst pain in last 24 hours (n=74)	Baseline: Weakest pain in last 24 hours (n=74)	Baseline: Average pain in last 24 hours (n=74)	Baseline: Level of pain right now (n=76)	Baseline: Pain reduced from therapy taken (n=76)	Baseline: General activities (n=76)	Baseline: Mood (n=76)	Baseline: Ambulatory ability (n=75)	Baseline: Routine works (n=76)	Baseline: Interpersonal relation (n=76)	Baseline: Sleep (n=76)	Baseline: Life enjoyment (n=76)	Day 15: Worst pain in last 24 hours (n=75)	Day 15: Weakest pain in last 24 hours (n=75)	Day 15: Average pain in last 24 hours (n=74)	Day 15: Level of pain right now (n=75)	Day 15: Pain reduced from therapy taken (n=75)	Day 15: General activities (n=75)	Day 15: Mood (n=75)	Day 15: Ambulatory ability (n=75)	Day 15: Routine works (n=75)	Day 15: Interpersonal relation (n=76)	Day 15: Sleep (n=74)	Day 15: Life enjoyment (n=75)
Hydromorphone OROS	6.7	3.6	5.2	4.4	0.4	5.0	5.1	5.0	5.6	4.8	5.9	5.5	5.4	2.9	4.1	3.7	0.5	5.0	4.6	4.5	4.9	4.6	4.2	5.0

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Not effective	Average	Effective	Very effective	Extremely effective
Hydromorphone OROS	7	32	32	10	1

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Baseline: Grade 0	Baseline: Grade 1	Baseline: Grade 2	Baseline: Grade 3	Baseline: Grade 4	Day 15: Grade 1	Day 15: Grade 2	Day 15: Grade 3	Day 15: Grade 4
Hydromorphone OROS	1	53	23	4	1	52	22	5	3

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
	Hydromorphone OROS: pain relief	Previously administered analgesic: pain relief	Hydromorphone OROS: couldn't wake up	Previously administered analgesic:couldn	Hydromorphone OROS: reduced doses	Previously administered analgesic: reduced doses	Hydromorphone OROS: could reduce administration	Previously taken analgesic: reduce administration
Hydromorphone OROS	1.5	37.5	31.8	50.0	54.6	12.5	12.1	0

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Baseline : Yes	Baseline: No	Day 15: Yes	Day 15: No
Hydromorphone OROS	37	45	25	57

Intervention	Participants (Number)
	Baseline: once (n=77)	Baseline: 2 times (n=77)	Baseline: 3 times (n=77)	Baseline: 4 times (n=77)	Baseline: 5 times (n=77)	Day 15: once (n=58)	Day 15: 2 times (n=58)	Day 15: 3 times (n=58)	Day 15: 4 times (n=58)	Day 15: 5 times (n=58)
Hydromorphone OROS	8	29	21	6	13	23	17	7	7	4

Intervention	units on a scale (Mean)
	15 minutes	60 minutes
Discretionary Care	4.55	4.66
Protocolized	4.90	5.32