tazobactam profile

Tazobactam: A penicillanic acid and sulfone derivative and potent BETA-LACTAMASE inhibitor that enhances the activity of other anti-bacterial agents against beta-lactamase producing bacteria. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

tazobactam : A member of the class of penicillanic acids that is sulbactam in which one of the exocyclic methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1,2,3-triazol-1-yl group; used (in the form of its sodium salt) in combination with ceftolozane sulfate for treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections and complicated urinary tract infections. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	123630
CHEMBL ID	404
CHEBI ID	9421
SCHEMBL ID	122302
MeSH ID	M0127405

Synonym
AC-7620
BIDD:GT0212
tazobactam acid
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-ylmethyl-4lambda6-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-ylmethyl-4lambda 6-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-ylmethyl-4-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-ylmethyl-4lambda6-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
bdbm50053173
cl-298741
ytr-830h
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-7-oxo-3-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid 4,4-dioxide
89785-84-2
ytr830h
4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 3-methyl-7-oxo-3-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-, 4,4-dioxide, (2s,3s,5r)-
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-(triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4$l^{6}-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
cl298741
C07771
89786-04-9
tazobactam
DB01606
D00660
tazobactam (jp17/usp/inn)
cl 298741
ytr 830h
cl 298,741
ytr 830
ytr 830 h
brn 4787943
ccris 2203
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-7-oxo-3-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 4,4-dioxide
tazobactamum [inn-latin]
4-thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid, 3-methyl-7-oxo-3-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-, 4,4-dioxide, (2s-(2alpha,3beta,5alpha))-
CHEMBL404 ,
chebi:9421 ,
nsc-759887
A843310
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-(1-triazolylmethyl)-4$l^{6}-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-tris(oxidanylidene)-3-(1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4$l^{6}-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
se10g96m8w ,
tazobactamum
nsc 759887
ec 618-303-7
tazobactam [usan:usp:inn:ban]
unii-se10g96m8w
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-7-oxo-3-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)heptane-2-carboxylic acid 4,4-dioxide
AKOS015960801
tazobactam [who-dd]
tazobactam [usp monograph]
tazobactam [usp-rs]
tazobactam [usp impurity]
tazobactam [usan]
tazobactam [jan]
tazobactam [mi]
tazobactam [inn]
S3077 ,
BRD-K14312455-001-01-6
CCG-207890
SCHEMBL122302
T3732
LPQZKKCYTLCDGQ-WEDXCCLWSA-N
CS-4914
T-1445
tazobactam, antibiotic for culture media use only
(2s,3s,5s)-3-methyl-7-oxo-3-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid 4,4-dioxide
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-[(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl]-4lambda(6)-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
HY-B1418
DTXSID8023634
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4$l^{6}-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-[1,2,3]triazol-1-ylmethyl-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
mfcd00867002
SR-01000872598-2
SR-01000872598-1
sr-01000872598
(2s,3s,5r)-3-((1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-3-methyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid 4,4-dioxide
D78146
HMS3714G17
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-(triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4lambda6-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
cl-298741;ytr-830h
DS-8301
Q423376
89786-04-9 (free acid)
89786-04-9, 89785-84-2 (sodium salt)
EX-A1377
tazobactam,(s)
BCP09757
ytr830
(2s,3s,5r)-3-methyl-4,4,7-trioxo-3-(1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid
gtpl10789
tazobactam, free acid
(2s,3s,5r)-3-((1h-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)methyl)-3-methyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylicacid4,4-dioxide

Excerpt	Reference
"Tazobactam is a sulfone β-lactamase inhibitor with in vitro inhibitory activity against common ESBLs in Enterobacterales, including CTX-M."	( Aitken, SL; Heil, EL; Monogue, ML; Pogue, JM, 2021)
"Tazobactam/ceftolozane is a combination of a β-lactamase inhibitor and a cephalosporin antibiotic, with recommended dosage for patients with normal renal function of tazobactam 0.5 g/ceftolozane 1 g administered as a 1-h intravenous infusion every 8 h. "	( Feng, HP; Kakara, M; Larson, K; Rizk, ML; Shiomi, M; Yoshitsugu, H, 2019)
"Tazobactam is an ESBL inhibitor and is combined with ceftolozane to broaden its activity."	( Lagarde, C; Mavridou, E; Melchers, MJ; Mouton, JW; Seyedmousavi, S; van Mil, AC, 2015)
"Tazobactam is a clinically used inhibitor of class A β-lactamases, which inhibits the GES-2 enzyme effectively, restoring susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics."	( Champion, MM; Frase, H; Mobashery, S; Smith, CA; Toth, M; Vakulenko, SB, 2011)
"Tazobactam/Piperacillin is a combination of a broad-spectrum penicillin and a beta-lactamase inhibitor with increased toxicity against staph."	( Bier, U; Callies, R; Regidor, PA; Schindler, AE; Wagner, KJ, 2006)
"Tazobactam is a new derivative of penicillinic acid sulfone, which functions as an irreversible inhibitor of many beta-lactamases. "	( Bansal, S; Doepner, M; Halstenson, CE; Johnson, CA; Keane, WF; Onorato, JJ; Sia, L; Tantillo, K; Wong, MO; Zimmerman, SW, 1994)
"Tazobactam (TAZ) is a newly developed beta-lactamase inhibitor. "	( Anai, M; Anai, S; Hayashi, T; Kawazu, K; Kaziwara, T; Umano, T; Yada, H; Yamasaki, K, 1994)
"Tazobactam (TAZ) is a newly developed beta-lactamase inhibitor. "	( Auletta, CS; Cockrell, BY; Daly, IW; Hayashi, T; Knezevich, AL; Yada, H, 1994)
"Tazobactam (TAZ) is a newly developed beta-lactamase inhibitor. "	( Blair, M; Blanchard, GL; Geil, RG; Hayashi, T; Laughlin, KA; Tucek, PC; Yada, H, 1994)
"Tazobactam (TAZ) is a newly developed beta-lactamase inhibitor and piperacillin (PIPC) is an antibiotics which is used in clinical field widely. "	( Christian, MS; Hoberman, AM; Lochry, EA; Sato, T, 1994)
"Tazobactam (TAZ) is a newly developed beta-lactamase inhibitor and piperacillin (PIPC) is an antibiotics which is used in clinical field widely. "	( Christian, MS; Hoberman, AM; Lochry, EA; Sato, T, 1994)
"Tazobactam (TAZ) is a newly developed beta-lactamase inhibitor and piperacillin (PIPC) is an antibiotics which is used in clinical field widely. "	( Christian, MS; Hoberman, AM; Sato, T, 1994)
"Tazobactam is a highly potent inhibitor of beta-lactamases. "	( Denny, BJ; Lambert, PA; Toomer, CA, 1994)
"Tazobactam was shown to be a potent inhibitor of group 1, 2a, 2b, and 2b' beta-lactamases. "	( Bush, K; Lee, VJ; Macalintal, C; Rasmussen, BA; Yang, Y, 1993)
"Tazobactam is a new, irreversible inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamases of staphylococci, plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases of the TEM and SHV types found in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species and beta-lactamases of anerobes such as Bacteroides species. "	( Daley, D; Dimech, W; Mulgrave, L; Munro, R; Neville, S; Smith, H, 1996)
"Tazobactam is an irreversible inhibitor of many beta-lactamases. "	( Dutta, A; Faulkner, R; Greene, DS; Halstenson, CE; Haynes, J; Johnson, CA; Kelloway, JS; Shapiro, BE; Tonelli, A; Zimmerman, SW, 1992)

Excerpt	Reference
"Tazobactam has an intrinsic activity against B."	( Crokaert, F; Lismont, MJ; Van der Linden, MP; Yourassowsky, E, 1990)
"Tazobactam has a good potential for enhancing the clinical efficacy of piperacillin."	( Jacobus, NV; Kuck, NA; Petersen, PJ; Testa, RT; Weiss, WJ, 1989)
"Tazobactam has inhibitory activity, and therefore protects piperacillin against Richmond and Sykes types II, III, IV and V beta-lactamases, staphylococcal penicillinase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases."	( Brogden, RN; Bryson, HM, 1994)
"Tazobactam has an intrinsic activity against B."	( Crokaert, F; Lismont, MJ; Van der Linden, MP; Yourassowsky, E, 1990)
"Tazobactam has a good potential for enhancing the clinical efficacy of piperacillin."	( Jacobus, NV; Kuck, NA; Petersen, PJ; Testa, RT; Weiss, WJ, 1989)

Excerpt	Reference
"Tazobactam was able to inactivate intracellular beta-lactamase in Prot."	( Higashitani, F; Hyodo, A; Inoue, M; Ishida, N; Mitsuhashi, S, 1990)

Role	Description
antimicrobial agent	A substance that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoans.
antiinfective agent	A substance used in the prophylaxis or therapy of infectious diseases.
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor	An EC 3.5.2.* (non-peptide cyclic amide C-N hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of beta-lactamase (EC 3.5.2.6).
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
penicillanic acids
triazoles	An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Beta-lactamase	Klebsiella pneumoniae	IC50 (µMol)	0.0800	0.0800	0.9000	1.7200	AID519751
Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	IC50 (µMol)	0.0100	0.0100	2.0933	6.2000	AID326273
Beta-lactamase	Citrobacter freundii	IC50 (µMol)	0.0960	0.0960	0.0960	0.0960	AID405083
Beta-lactamase	Citrobacter gillenii	IC50 (µMol)	0.0400	0.0090	0.0245	0.0400	AID285444
Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	IC50 (µMol)	171.0000	0.0260	0.0290	0.0320	AID394491
Beta-lactamase	Shouchella clausii	IC50 (µMol)	0.0040	0.0040	0.0547	0.0850	AID373218
Beta-lactamase	Burkholderia cenocepacia	IC50 (µMol)	0.5000	0.5000	0.5000	0.5000	AID541026
Beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	IC50 (µMol)	0.0600	0.0600	0.1700	0.3700	AID511293
Beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	IC50 (µMol)	2.0000	0.1000	1.7000	3.0000	AID495659
B2 bradykinin receptor	Cavia porcellus (domestic guinea pig)	IC50 (µMol)	4.8000	0.0011	2.5864	8.0000	AID43112
Beta-lactamase	Staphylococcus aureus	IC50 (µMol)	0.5000	0.0800	1.9509	6.5000	AID43908
Beta-lactamase	Bacillus licheniformis	IC50 (µMol)	0.5100	0.5100	0.5100	0.5100	AID43110
Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli K-12	IC50 (µMol)	49.6500	0.0150	2.4657	8.0000	AID209008; AID38400; AID43114; AID43428; AID44067
Beta-lactamase	Citrobacter freundii	IC50 (µMol)	0.9300	0.9300	1.8150	2.7000	AID43118
Beta-lactamase	Enterobacter cloacae	IC50 (µMol)	20.9436	0.1000	1.8745	7.7000	AID266529; AID297200; AID43275; AID43276; AID43281; AID44072; AID44073; AID44074; AID44075; AID44076; AID44077; AID44078; AID44079; AID44080; AID50708; AID584977
Beta-lactamase	Enterobacter cloacae	Ki	170.0000	7.3000	7.5000	7.7000	AID584988
Beta-lactamase SHV-1	Escherichia coli	IC50 (µMol)	0.2220	0.0280	0.1250	0.2220	AID297199
Beta-lactamase SHV-1	Klebsiella pneumoniae	IC50 (µMol)	0.1100	0.1100	0.1500	0.1700	AID519750
Beta-lactamase SHV-1	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Ki	0.2200	0.2200	1.2400	2.0000	AID1801066
Beta-lactamase OXA-1	Escherichia coli	IC50 (µMol)	4.8000	3.2000	4.0000	4.8000	AID43112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.8300	0.0003	1.3833	8.4000	AID44078
Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.1100	0.0011	3.4186	10.0000	AID519750
Beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1	IC50 (µMol)	10.8825	0.1280	1.6916	4.6000	AID43879; AID43880; AID43881; AID584978
Angiotensin-converting enzyme	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	48.0000	0.0009	0.3322	3.0300	AID38400
Metallo-beta-lactamase L1 type 3	Stenotrophomonas maltophilia	IC50 (µMol)	4,000.0000	7.8000	7.8000	7.8000	AID44051
Beta-lactamase TEM	Escherichia coli	IC50 (µMol)	0.0828	0.0019	1.7618	10.0000	AID209020; AID266526; AID297198; AID326275; AID372630; AID44065
Beta-lactamase TEM	Escherichia coli	Ki	0.1900	0.0270	1.8234	7.3000	AID1576703
Beta-lactamase	Morganella morganii	IC50 (µMol)	0.1900	0.1900	0.1900	0.1900	AID43744
Beta-lactamase	Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Westhampton	IC50 (µMol)	0.0022	0.0022	0.0061	0.0100	AID556339
Beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	IC50 (µMol)	2.0000	0.1000	1.7000	3.0000	AID495660
Beta-lactamase	Enterobacter cloacae	IC50 (µMol)	0.0300	0.0300	0.0300	0.0300	AID374028; AID44064
Class D beta-lactamase	Brachyspira pilosicoli	IC50 (µMol)	0.1600	0.1600	1.0800	2.0000	AID519637
Beta-lactamase	Pseudomonas luteola	IC50 (µMol)	0.0400	0.0360	0.0380	0.0400	AID495653
Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	IC50 (µMol)	0.2400	0.2400	4.4200	8.6000	AID372627
Beta-lactamase	Serratia fonticola	IC50 (µMol)	6.9000	6.9000	6.9000	6.9000	AID374027
Beta-lactamase	Enterobacter cloacae	IC50 (µMol)	0.0600	0.0600	0.1900	0.3200	AID44222
Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli	IC50 (µMol)	0.0020	0.0020	0.0055	0.0090	AID368519
Carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC	Klebsiella pneumoniae	IC50 (µMol)	0.3720	0.3700	0.3720	0.3740	AID374029; AID495801
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Beta-lactamase	Enterobacter cloacae	Km	300.0000	2.9000	6.4364	9.8000	AID584992
Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Km	875.0000	2.0000	6.6500	9.4000	AID531315
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
antibiotic catabolic process	Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli K-12
response to antibiotic	Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli K-12
xenobiotic metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
steroid metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic catabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular ketone metabolic process	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
epoxygenase P450 pathway	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
beta-lactamase activity	Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli K-12
hydrolase activity	Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli K-12
monooxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
iron ion binding	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 16-alpha-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
heme binding	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
testosterone 16-beta-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 8,9 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 11,12 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
anandamide 14,15 epoxidase activity	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
estrogen 2-hydroxylase activity	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid epoxygenase activity	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space	Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli K-12
periplasmic space	Beta-lactamase	Escherichia coli K-12
endoplasmic reticulum membrane	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cytochrome P450 2B6	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (335)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1559347	Inhibition of TEM/CTX-M/SHV/Cephalosporinase in Escherichia coli CH1 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID324363	Inhibition of Acinetobacter johnsonii SCO1	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	Identification of the novel narrow-spectrum beta-lactamase SCO-1 in Acinetobacter spp. from Argentina.
AID525579	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase OXA-10 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by nitrocefin hydrolysis assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4	Penicillin sulfone inhibitors of class D beta-lactamases.
AID209008	Inhibitory activity against class A TEM-1 beta-lactamase	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-17, Volume: 12, Issue:12	Cephalosporin-derived inhibitors of beta-lactamase. Part 4: The C3 substituent.
AID727641	Binding affinity to wild type Beta-lactamase SHV-1 in Escherichia coli DH10B assessed as change in secondary structure at 50 uM by circular dichroism analysis	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID531315	Activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa beta-lactamase VIM-2 by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8	Kinetic characterization of VIM-7, a divergent member of the VIM metallo-beta-lactamase family.
AID1604445	Inhibition of OXA-24/40 in Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as potentiation of imipenem-induced antibacterial activity by CLSI based broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5	β-Lactamase Inhibitors To Restore the Efficacy of Antibiotics against Superbugs.
AID1559326	Inhibition of KPC-2/PDC-42 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa CDC-0356 assessed as piperacillin antibacterial activity at 16 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID542048	Antibacterial activity against rifampicin resistant Escherichia coli J53-2 by Etest method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	Nationwide survey of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Slovenian hospitals.
AID1576700	Inhibition of bacterial N-terminal His-tagged TEV protease site linked SFH1 (3 to 234 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID1471290	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae NP6 KPC-2 expressed in Escherichia coli DH5alpha	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 10-26, Volume: 60, Issue:20	Pharmaceutical Approaches to Target Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms.
AID1559340	Inhibition of NDM-1/CMY-6/OXA-1 in Escherichia coli CDC-0055 assessed as meropenem antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID558577	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P1618 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID577229	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii AB095 with PFGE subgroup E containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID44064	In vitro inhibitory activity against Class A (Imi-1) beta-Lactamases	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 47, Issue:14	Mechanism of inactivation of beta-lactamases by novel 6-methylidene penems elucidated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
AID1559345	Inhibition of KPC-2/PDC-42 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa CDC-0457 assessed as meropenem antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1559348	Inhibition of TEM/CTX-M/SHV/Cephalosporinase in Enterobacter cloacae CH23 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID572898	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae Beta-lactamase AmpC	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2	In vitro activity of LK-157, a novel tricyclic carbapenem as broad-spectrum {beta}-lactamase inhibitor.
AID1225761	Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant SHV-12 assessed as substrate nitrocefin degradation preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 10 secs for 10 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 58, Issue:9	Discovery of a Cyclic Boronic Acid β-Lactamase Inhibitor (RPX7009) with Utility vs Class A Serine Carbapenemases.
AID577236	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB113 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID558321	Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter coli by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID358400	Inhibition of Escherichia coli beta lactamase OXA-1	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 282, Issue:30	Efficient inhibition of class A and class D beta-lactamases by Michaelis complexes.
AID1559323	Inhibition of VIM-27/CTX-M-15/SHV-11/OXA-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0040 assessed as piperacillin antibacterial activity at 16 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID524593	Antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate Kpn-DK2 by broth microdilution method	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5	KPC-producing extreme drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from a patient with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure on hemodialysis in South Korea.
AID1209732	Drug uptake by mouse OAT3 expressed in CHO cells at 100 uM after 25 mins by HPLC/UV detection method in presence of probenecid	2013	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 41, Issue:4	Organic anion transporter 3 interacts selectively with lipophilic β-lactam antibiotics.
AID727648	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B expressing Beta-lactamase SHV K234R mutant by CLSI agar dilution method in presence of ampicillin	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID18730	Compound was tested for the values for the rate of formation of the acyl-enzyme complex in Escherichia coli TEM-3.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1529360	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Prevotella sp. clinical isolate assessed as potentiation of ceftolozane-induced antibacterial activity by measuring ceftolozane MIC90	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID1576712	Inhibition of beta lactamase KPC-2 in Escherichia coli 11119 assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by measuring meropenem MIC at 50 uM after 16 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution assay (Rvb = 16 ug/ml)
AID1559355	Inhibition of VIM-1/VIM-2/VIM-4/NDM-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 to 512 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1559356	Inhibition of VIM-1/VIM-2/VIM-4/NDM-1 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 to 512 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID44222	Inhibitory activity against class A Beta-lactamase TEM isolated from Enterobacter coli	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-02, Volume: 10, Issue:19	The synthesis and SAR of rhodanines as novel class C beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID1559354	Inhibition of VIM-1/VIM-2/VIM-4/NDM-1 in Enterobacter cloacae assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 to 512 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID727650	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B by CLSI agar dilution method in presence of ampicillin	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID558771	Antibacterial activity against bla-positive and beta-lactamase-weakly positive Campylobacter coli isolate P1627 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1476623	Antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii ARC 5079 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID531317	Activity of Escherichia coli beta-lactamase VIM-1 by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8	Kinetic characterization of VIM-7, a divergent member of the VIM metallo-beta-lactamase family.
AID266526	Inhibition of Escherichia coli TEM1	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Structure-activity relationship of 6-methylidene penems bearing 6,5 bicyclic heterocycles as broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: evidence for 1,4-thiazepine intermediates with C7 R stereochemistry by computational methods.
AID1576710	Inhibition of beta lactamase NDM1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae 13249 assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by measuring meropenem MIC at 50 uM after 16 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution assay (Rvb = 64 ug/ml)
AID558770	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter coli isolate P321 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID50708	Inhibitory activity against Class C beta-lactamase	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-17, Volume: 12, Issue:12	Cephalosporin-derived inhibitors of beta-lactamase. Part 4: The C3 substituent.
AID1169072	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae OXA-48 pre-incubated with enzyme for 5 mins before nitrocefin substrate addition by colorimetric assay	2014	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-09, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Enantioselective Synthesis and Profiling of Two Novel Diazabicyclooctanone β-Lactamase Inhibitors.
AID326273	Inhibition of Escherichia coli beta-lactamase SCO1	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	SCO-1, a novel plasmid-mediated class A beta-lactamase with carbenicillinase characteristics from Escherichia coli.
AID285160	Antimicrobial activity against non replicating persistence Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in aerobic condition assessed as bacterial density after 7 days	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Low-oxygen-recovery assay for high-throughput screening of compounds against nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID1559336	Inhibition of NDM in Escherichia coli CDC-0452 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 64 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1559331	Inhibition of VIM-27/CTX-M-15/SHV-11/OXA-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0040 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 8 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID525580	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase OXA-1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by nitrocefin hydrolysis assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4	Penicillin sulfone inhibitors of class D beta-lactamases.
AID1476625	Antibacterial activity against cephalosporinase producing Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978-PNT-320 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID1476628	Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA 1800 at 10 ug/ml after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID584983	Inhibition of beta-lactamase TEM-1 assessed as inactivation rate constant for longer incubation time yield of enzyme by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID44066	In vitro inhibitory activity against Class B (CCRA) beta-Lactamases	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 47, Issue:14	Mechanism of inactivation of beta-lactamases by novel 6-methylidene penems elucidated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
AID18756	Compound was tested for the half saturation constant derived from concentration dependence studies in Escherichia coli SHV-2.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID266528	Inhibition of Bacteroides fragilis CcrA	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Structure-activity relationship of 6-methylidene penems bearing 6,5 bicyclic heterocycles as broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: evidence for 1,4-thiazepine intermediates with C7 R stereochemistry by computational methods.
AID1808873	Inhibition beta lactamase PDC-1 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 using nitrocefin as substrate measured by 96 well microtitre plate
AID584976	Inhibition of beta-lactamase TEM- 1 assessed as nitrocefin hydrolysis after 5 mins enzyme-compound preincubation	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID1529354	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as potentiation of ceftolozane-induced antibacterial activity by measuring ceftolozane MIC90	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID541026	Inhibition of Burkholderia cenocepacia 07-34 beta-lactamase PenB1	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3	Naturally occurring Class A ss-lactamases from the Burkholderia cepacia complex.
AID548267	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae 1534 beta-lactamase KPC-2 T237S mutant by competitive assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Substrate selectivity and a novel role in inhibitor discrimination by residue 237 in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase.
AID44079	In vitro inhibitory activity against Beta-lactamase AmpC of class C enzyme	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-19, Volume: 46, Issue:13	Spirocyclopropyl beta-lactams as mechanism-based inhibitors of serine beta-lactamases. Synthesis by rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation of 6-diazopenicillanate sulfone.
AID1559328	Inhibition of NDM in Escherichia coli CDC-0452 assessed as piperacillin antibacterial activity at 16 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID727646	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B expressing Beta-lactamase SHV K234X mutant by CLSI agar dilution method in presence of ampicillin	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID1559357	Inhibition of VIM-1/VIM-2/VIM-4/NDM-1 in Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 to 512 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID18551	Compound was tested for the rate of the acyl-enzyme complex in Citrobacter freundii	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID577238	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB125 with PFGE subgroup A1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID43118	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Citrobacter freundii 1982	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID560706	Inhibition of Escherichia coli MC4100 Beta-Lactamase CMY-2 using cephalothin as reporter substrate	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Extended-spectrum properties of CMY-30, a Val211Gly mutant of CMY-2 cephalosporinase.
AID1559327	Inhibition of KPC-2/SHV12/TEM-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0361 assessed as piperacillin antibacterial activity at 16 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1559341	Inhibition of OXA-232/OXA-9/TEM-1A/CTX-M-15/OXA-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0066 assessed as meropenem antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID285444	Inhibition of Citrobacter gillenii CIP 106783 Beta-lactamase GIL1 expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Chromosome-encoded narrow-spectrum Ambler class A beta-lactamase GIL-1 from Citrobacter gillenii.
AID70143	The ratio of compound to that of piperacillin was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli OC 4075 by inhibiting enzyme TEM-1 at 4 ug/mL	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-02, Volume: 10, Issue:19	The synthesis and SAR of rhodanines as novel class C beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID1559333	Inhibition of OXA-232/OXA-9/TEM-1A/CTX-M-15/OXA-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0066 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 8 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID584986	Ratio of Inactivation rate constant for longer incubation time yield to Km for Enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase P99 by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID571686	Antimicrobial activity against ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolated from patient bloodstream assessed as resistant isolate by Etest method in presence of Tazobactam	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase- producing Escherichia coli: risk factors for inadequate initial antimicrobial therapy.
AID43879	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa GN10362	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID43281	Inhibitory activity against class C Beta-lactamase isolated from Enterobacter cloacae	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-02, Volume: 10, Issue:19	The synthesis and SAR of rhodanines as novel class C beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID163442	The ratio of compound to that of piperacillin was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa OC 4290 by inhibiting enzyme AmpC(const) at 4 ug/mL	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-02, Volume: 10, Issue:19	The synthesis and SAR of rhodanines as novel class C beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID577230	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii AB110 with PFGE subgroup C containing carbapenemase OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID43110	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Bacillus licheniformis 749/C	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1559353	Inhibition of VIM-1/VIM-2/VIM-4/NDM-1 in Escherichia coli assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 to 512 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID531318	Ratio of Kcat to Km for Escherichia coli beta-lactamase VIM-1 by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8	Kinetic characterization of VIM-7, a divergent member of the VIM metallo-beta-lactamase family.
AID572899	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase TEM-1	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2	In vitro activity of LK-157, a novel tricyclic carbapenem as broad-spectrum {beta}-lactamase inhibitor.
AID577234	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-intermediate Acinetobacter baumannii AB099 with PFGE subgroup H containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID584975	Inhibition of beta-lactamase CTX-M-15 assessed as nitrocefin hydrolysis after 5 mins enzyme-compound preincubation	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID1529357	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as potentiation of colistin-induced antibacterial activity by measuring colistin MIC90	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID560594	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate IMCJ798 by microdilution method in presence of beta-lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	AAC(6')-Iaf, a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
AID1476622	Antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii ISR14-005 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID548266	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae 1534 beta-lactamase KPC-2 by competitive assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Substrate selectivity and a novel role in inhibitor discrimination by residue 237 in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase.
AID548270	Ratio of Ki for Klebsiella pneumoniae 1534 beta-lactamase KPC-2 T237A mutant to Ki for Klebsiella pneumoniae beta-lactamase KPC-2 T237S mutant by competitive assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Substrate selectivity and a novel role in inhibitor discrimination by residue 237 in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase.
AID1604446	Inhibition of OXA-24/40 in Acinetobacter baumannii assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by CLSI based broth microdilution method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5	β-Lactamase Inhibitors To Restore the Efficacy of Antibiotics against Superbugs.
AID558765	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P1730 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1559329	Inhibition of KPC-2/PDC-42 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa CDC-0457 assessed as piperacillin antibacterial activity at 16 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 64 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1476609	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ARC 3502 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID577237	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB118 with PFGE subgroup B2 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID558319	Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter coli by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID558768	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-negative and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P843 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID531314	Ratio of Kcat to Km for Pseudomonas aeruginosa beta-lactamase VIM-7 by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8	Kinetic characterization of VIM-7, a divergent member of the VIM metallo-beta-lactamase family.
AID374028	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae IMI1 beta lactamase expressed in Escherichia coli DH5alpha by SDS-PAGE	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	Biochemical Characterization of SFC-1, a class A carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase.
AID44075	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from RTEM-2	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID558567	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-negative and nitrocefin reaction-negative beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P850 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1576704	Inhibition of bacterial N-terminal His-tagged TEV protease site linked AmpC (20 to 377 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID558565	Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter jejuni isolate P270 harboring blaOXA-61::cat gene by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1559325	Inhibition of OXA-232/OXA-9/TEM-1A/CTX-M-15/OXA-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0066 assessed as piperacillin antibacterial activity at 16 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID297200	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae AmpC	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	4-Substituted trinems as broad spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: structure-based design, synthesis, and biological activity.
AID577243	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB096 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID372630	Inhibition of Escherichia coli DH5alpha beta-lactamase TEM-1	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	TEM-158 (CMT-9), a new member of the CMT-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
AID266532	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa expressing AmpC	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Structure-activity relationship of 6-methylidene penems bearing 6,5 bicyclic heterocycles as broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: evidence for 1,4-thiazepine intermediates with C7 R stereochemistry by computational methods.
AID1576702	Inhibition of bacterial N-terminal His-tagged TEV protease site linked KPC-2 (29 to 289 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID496596	Ratio of Kcat to Kinact for Escherichia coli DH10B beta-lactamase KPC-2	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Inhibitor resistance in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase, a preeminent property of this class A beta-lactamase.
AID1169069	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae CTX-M-15 pre-incubated with enzyme for 5 mins before nitrocefin substrate addition by colorimetric assay	2014	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-09, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Enantioselective Synthesis and Profiling of Two Novel Diazabicyclooctanone β-Lactamase Inhibitors.
AID43881	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa 18SH	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1559338	Inhibition of KPC-2 in Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA 1705 assessed as meropenem antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 16 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID585192	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase GES-13 K104, N170 mutant preincubated for 5 mins before substrate addition using cephalothin substrate by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Comparative biochemical and computational study of the role of naturally occurring mutations at Ambler positions 104 and 170 in GES β-lactamases.
AID374364	Antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas caviae A324R expressing metallo-beta-lactamase IMP-19 by broth dilution method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	First occurrence of an IMP metallo-beta-lactamase in Aeromonas caviae: IMP-19 in an isolate from France.
AID1529352	Inhibition of ESBL in Escherichia coli clinical isolate assessed as potentiation of ceftolozane-induced antibacterial activity by measuring ceftolozane MIC by broth microdilution method	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID285162	Antimicrobial activity against non replicating persistence Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in anaerobic condition assessed as bacterial density after 10 days	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Low-oxygen-recovery assay for high-throughput screening of compounds against nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID285276	Inhibition of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) beta-lactamase TEM36	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Evolution of TEM-type enzymes: biochemical and genetic characterization of two new complex mutant TEM enzymes, TEM-151 and TEM-152, from a single patient.
AID577233	Antibacterial activity against intI1-negative tigecycline-intermediate Acinetobacter baumannii AB098 with PFGE subgroup F containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID1225759	Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant KPC-2 assessed as substrate nitrocefin degradation preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 10 secs for 10 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 58, Issue:9	Discovery of a Cyclic Boronic Acid β-Lactamase Inhibitor (RPX7009) with Utility vs Class A Serine Carbapenemases.
AID511293	Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa GES-13 beta lactamase	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3	GES-13, a beta-lactamase variant possessing Lys-104 and Asn-170 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID44067	In vitro inhibitory activity against Class C (Amp-C) beta-Lactamases	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 47, Issue:14	Mechanism of inactivation of beta-lactamases by novel 6-methylidene penems elucidated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
AID44051	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Xanthomonas maltophila 328	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID727649	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B expressing wild type Beta-lactamase SHV1 gene by CLSI agar dilution method in presence of ampicillin	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID525578	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase OXA-14 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by nitrocefin hydrolysis assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4	Penicillin sulfone inhibitors of class D beta-lactamases.
AID558576	Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter jejuni isolate P1093 harboring blaOXA-61::cat gene by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID558564	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-negative beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate NCTC 11168 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1559352	Inhibition of TEM/CTX-M/SHV/Oxacillinases in Klebsiella pneumoniae 971 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID558566	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-negative and nitrocefin reaction-negative beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P835 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1576703	Inhibition of bacterial N-terminal His-tagged TEV protease site linked TEM-1 (24 to 286 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID18728	Compound was tested for the rate of formation of the acyl-enzyme complex in Escherichia coli SNO3.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID558774	Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter jejuni by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1559330	Inhibition of KPC-2 in Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA 1705 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 8 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 16 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID727652	Inhibition of wild type Beta-lactamase SHV-1 in Escherichia coli DH10B by Henri-Michaelis-Menten steady state equation analysis	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID374366	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH5alpha by broth dilution method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	First occurrence of an IMP metallo-beta-lactamase in Aeromonas caviae: IMP-19 in an isolate from France.
AID1559321	Inhibition of bacterial IMP-1 using nitrocefin as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1559308	Inhibition of bacterial KPC-2 using imipenem as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1476626	Antibacterial activity against Burkholderia dolosa AU0018 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID1559343	Inhibition of KPC-2/SHV12/TEM-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0361 assessed as meropenem antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 16 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID584984	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase P99 assessed as inactivation rate constant for longer incubation time yield of enzyme by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID584988	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase P99 after 5 seconds incubation with nitrocefin substrate by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID1559310	Inhibition of bacterial OXA-48 using nitrocefin as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID584991	Activity of beta-lactamase TEM-1 by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID374029	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae KPC-1 beta lactamase expressed in Escherichia coli DH5alpha by SDS-PAGE	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	Biochemical Characterization of SFC-1, a class A carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase.
AID1476611	Antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ISR-14-003 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID1529355	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as potentiation of ceftazidime-induced antibacterial activity by measuring ceftazidime MIC by broth microdilution method	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID1529361	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Fusobacterium sp. clinical isolate assessed as potentiation of ceftolozane-induced antibacterial activity by measuring ceftolozane MIC90	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID495659	Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 531 beta-lactamase BEL-2	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	BEL-2, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase with increased activity toward expanded-spectrum cephalosporins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID38400	In vitro inhibitory concentration against AmpC enzyme	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-23, Volume: 11, Issue:8	Allyl and propargyl substituted penam sulfones as versatile intermediates toward the syntheses of new beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID495653	Inhibition of Pseudomonas luteola LAM Beta-lactamase LUT-1	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Molecular and biochemical characterization of the natural chromosome-encoded class A beta-lactamase from Pseudomonas luteola.
AID43276	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Enterobacter cloacae 908R	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID558318	Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter jejuni by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID727651	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase SHV-1 K234R protein mutant in Escherichia coli DH10B by Henri-Michaelis-Menten steady state equation analysis	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID1559349	Inhibition of TEM/CTX-M/SHV in Klebsiella pneumoniae 9032 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 64 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1225763	Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant P99 assessed as substrate nitrocefin degradation preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 10 secs for 10 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 58, Issue:9	Discovery of a Cyclic Boronic Acid β-Lactamase Inhibitor (RPX7009) with Utility vs Class A Serine Carbapenemases.
AID585187	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase GES-1 E104, G170 mutant preincubated for 5 mins before substrate addition using cephalothin substrate by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Comparative biochemical and computational study of the role of naturally occurring mutations at Ambler positions 104 and 170 in GES β-lactamases.
AID18720	Compound was tested for the rate of the acyl-enzyme complex in Escherichia coli SHV-2.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID542055	Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae A expressing CTX-M group 1 beta-lactamase by Etest method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	Nationwide survey of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Slovenian hospitals.
AID727643	Binding affinity to wild type Beta-lactamase SHV-1 in Escherichia coli DH10B assessed as melting temperature at 50 uM by circular dichroism analysis (Rvb = 54.2 degC)	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID1559309	Inhibition of bacterial AmpC using nitrocefin as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID542067	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TrC C expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae C blaCTX-M beta-lactamase by Etest method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	Nationwide survey of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Slovenian hospitals.
AID1559318	Inhibition of bacterial CMY-2 using nitrocefin as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID560705	Inhibition of Escherichia coli MC4100 Beta-Lactamase CMY-30 using cephalothin as reporter substrate	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Extended-spectrum properties of CMY-30, a Val211Gly mutant of CMY-2 cephalosporinase.
AID44078	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase fromOXA-2	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1559320	Inhibition of bacterial NDM-1 using cefepime as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1576711	Inhibition of beta lactamase KPC-2 in Escherichia coli BAA-2340 assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by measuring meropenem MIC at 50 uM after 16 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution assay (Rvb = 4 ug/ml)
AID558573	Antibacterial activity against Campylobacter jejuni isolate P338 harboring blaOXA-61::cat gene by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID577231	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-intermediate Acinetobacter baumannii AB127 with PFGE subgroup I containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID51552	In vitro inhibitory concentration against CCRA enzyme	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-23, Volume: 11, Issue:8	Allyl and propargyl substituted penam sulfones as versatile intermediates toward the syntheses of new beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID542045	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TrC A expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae A blaCTX-M beta-lactamase by Etest method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	Nationwide survey of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Slovenian hospitals.
AID43112	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Bacteroides fragilis 36	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1559322	Inhibition of KPC-2 in Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC BAA 1705 assessed as piperacillin antibacterial activity at 16 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID584977	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase P99 assessed as nitrocefin hydrolysis after 5 mins enzyme-compound preincubation	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID18758	Compound was tested for the half saturation constant derived from concentration dependence studies in Escherichia coli TEM-3.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID18729	Compound was tested for the values for the rate of formation of the acyl-enzyme complex in Escherichia coli SHV-2.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1529356	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as potentiation of piperacillin-induced antibacterial activity by measuring piperacillin MIC by broth microdilution method	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID531313	Activity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa beta-lactamase VIM-7 by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8	Kinetic characterization of VIM-7, a divergent member of the VIM metallo-beta-lactamase family.
AID1576715	Inhibition of beta lactamase AmpC in Klebsiella pneumoniae C660 assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by measuring meropenem MIC at 50 uM after 16 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution assay (Rvb = 32 ug/ml)
AID1576701	Inhibition of bacterial N-terminal His-tagged TEV protease site linked GOB-18 (1 to 290 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID372627	Inhibition of Escherichia coli DH5alpha beta-lactamase TEM-158	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	TEM-158 (CMT-9), a new member of the CMT-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
AID66077	The ratio of compound to that of piperacillin was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter cloacae OC 4080 by inhibiting enzyme P99 at 4 ug/mL	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-02, Volume: 10, Issue:19	The synthesis and SAR of rhodanines as novel class C beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID372629	Inhibition of Escherichia coli CF0042 beta-lactamase TEM-35	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	TEM-158 (CMT-9), a new member of the CMT-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
AID1476627	Antibacterial activity against Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC BAA 1793 at 10 ug/ml after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID203173	The ratio of compound to that of piperacillin was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens OC 4294 by inhibiting enzyme AmpC(const) at 4 ug/mL	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-02, Volume: 10, Issue:19	The synthesis and SAR of rhodanines as novel class C beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID558569	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P285 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID18721	Compound was tested for the rate of the acyl-enzyme complex in Escherichia coli SNO3.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID727642	Binding affinity to Beta-lactamase SHV-1 K234R protein mutant in Escherichia coli DH10B assessed as melting temperature at 50 uM by circular dichroism analysis (Rvb = 48.2 degC)	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID373218	Inhibition of Bacillus clausii NR beta-lactamase BCL1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3)	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	Molecular and biochemical characterization of the chromosome-encoded class A beta-lactamase BCL-1 from Bacillus clausii.
AID558767	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-negative beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P1699 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1576705	Inhibition of bacterial N-terminal His-tagged TEV protease site linked OXA-48 (1 to 265 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID1169068	Hydrolytic solution stability in pH 7.4 aqueous phosphate buffer at 70 degC by HPLC-UV method	2014	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-09, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Enantioselective Synthesis and Profiling of Two Novel Diazabicyclooctanone β-Lactamase Inhibitors.
AID285273	Inhibition of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) beta-lactamase TEM152	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Evolution of TEM-type enzymes: biochemical and genetic characterization of two new complex mutant TEM enzymes, TEM-151 and TEM-152, from a single patient.
AID727644	Ratio of Kcat to Kinact for Beta-lactamase SHV-1 K234R protein mutant in Escherichia coli DH10B	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID519751	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae Beta-Lactamase SHV-72	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5	The Lys234Arg substitution in the enzyme SHV-72 is a determinant for resistance to clavulanic acid inhibition.
AID1559311	Inhibition of bacterial VIM-2 using nitrocefin as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID44080	In vitro inhibitory activity against Beta-lactamase TEM-1 of class A enzyme	2003	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-19, Volume: 46, Issue:13	Spirocyclopropyl beta-lactams as mechanism-based inhibitors of serine beta-lactamases. Synthesis by rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation of 6-diazopenicillanate sulfone.
AID266531	Antibacterial activity against Enterobacter cloacae expressing P99	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Structure-activity relationship of 6-methylidene penems bearing 6,5 bicyclic heterocycles as broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: evidence for 1,4-thiazepine intermediates with C7 R stereochemistry by computational methods.
AID560135	Inhibition of recombinant beta-lactamase RTG4 expressed in Escherichia coli TOP10 by nitrocefin hydrolysis assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7	Genetic and biochemical characterization of the first extended-spectrum CARB-type beta-lactamase, RTG-4, from Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID374027	Inhibition of Serratia fonticola UTAD54 SFC1 beta lactamase expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) by SDS-PAGE	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	Biochemical Characterization of SFC-1, a class A carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase.
AID44065	In vitro inhibitory activity against Class A (TEM-1) beta-Lactamases	2004	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-01, Volume: 47, Issue:14	Mechanism of inactivation of beta-lactamases by novel 6-methylidene penems elucidated using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
AID44073	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from PSE-1	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID584974	Inhibition of beta-lactamase KPC-2 assessed as nitrocefin hydrolysis after 5 mins enzyme-compound preincubation	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID1169070	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae KPC-2 pre-incubated with enzyme for 5 mins before nitrocefin substrate addition by colorimetric assay	2014	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-09, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Enantioselective Synthesis and Profiling of Two Novel Diazabicyclooctanone β-Lactamase Inhibitors.
AID542053	Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae C expressing CTX-M group 1 beta-lactamase by Etest method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	Nationwide survey of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Slovenian hospitals.
AID558568	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-negative and nitrocefin reaction-negative beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P1962 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1476612	Antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ISR-14-004 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID203172	The ratio of compound to that of piperacillin was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Serratia marcescens OC 4101 by inhibiting enzyme AmpC(ind) at 4 ug/mL	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-02, Volume: 10, Issue:19	The synthesis and SAR of rhodanines as novel class C beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID585191	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase GES-6 K104, S170 mutant preincubated for 5 mins before substrate addition using cephalothin substrate by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Comparative biochemical and computational study of the role of naturally occurring mutations at Ambler positions 104 and 170 in GES β-lactamases.
AID556339	Inhibition of Salmonella enterica serotype Westhampton beta-lactamase CTX-M-53	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5	Novel plasmid-encoded ceftazidime-hydrolyzing CTX-M-53 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase from Salmonella enterica serotypes Westhampton and Senftenberg.
AID44072	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from OXA-1	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1529358	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by measuring meropenem MIC90	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID340738	Ratio of Kcat to Km of Chryseobacterium indologenes metallo-beta-lactamase IND-5 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as substrate hydrolysis relative to control	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8	Identification and characterization of a new metallo-beta-lactamase, IND-5, from a clinical isolate of Chryseobacterium indologenes.
AID43114	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Bacteroides fragilis 98	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1559342	Inhibition of KPC-2/PDC-42 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa CDC-0356 assessed as meropenem antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID558769	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-negative and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P854 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID368519	Inhibition of Escherichia coli CTX-M-15	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9	Interactions of ceftobiprole with beta-lactamases from molecular classes A to D.
AID43275	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Ent. cloacae 6300	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID285161	Antimicrobial activity against non replicating persistence Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in anaerobic condition assessed as relative light unit after 11 days by LORA assay	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Low-oxygen-recovery assay for high-throughput screening of compounds against nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID495660	Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa 51170 beta-lactamase BEL-1	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	BEL-2, an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase with increased activity toward expanded-spectrum cephalosporins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
AID584987	Inhibition of beta-lactamase TEM-1 after 5 seconds incubation with nitrocefin substrate by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID577228	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii AB039 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID1529344	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as potentiation of ceftazidime-induced antibacterial activity by measuring fold reduction in ceftazidime MIC90 at 4 ug/ml relative to ceftazidime alone	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID496597	Ratio of Kinact to Km for Escherichia coli DH10B beta-lactamase KPC-2	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Inhibitor resistance in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase, a preeminent property of this class A beta-lactamase.
AID1559335	Inhibition of KPC-2/SHV12/TEM-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0361 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 8 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID542054	Antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae B expressing CTX-M group 1 beta-lactamase by Etest method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	Nationwide survey of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Slovenian hospitals.
AID525575	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B harboring RGN238 plasmid containing Beta-lactamase OXA-1 at 4 ug/ml in presence of increasing concentrations of piperacillin by broth agar dilution assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4	Penicillin sulfone inhibitors of class D beta-lactamases.
AID297198	Inhibition of Escherichia coli TEM1	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	4-Substituted trinems as broad spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: structure-based design, synthesis, and biological activity.
AID372628	Inhibition of Escherichia coli DH5alpha beta-lactamase TEM-12	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11	TEM-158 (CMT-9), a new member of the CMT-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.
AID525577	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase OXA-24/40 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by nitrocefin hydrolysis assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4	Penicillin sulfone inhibitors of class D beta-lactamases.
AID18757	Compound was tested for the half saturation constant derived from concentration dependence studies in Escherichia coli SNO3.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID18727	Compound was tested for the rate of formation of the acyl-enzyme complex in Citrobacter freundii	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID18722	Compound was tested for the rate of the acyl-enzyme complex in Escherichia coli TEM-3.	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID577240	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB168 with PFGE subgroup A1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID340736	Activity of Chryseobacterium indologenes metallo-beta-lactamase IND-5 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) assessed as substrate hydrolysis	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8	Identification and characterization of a new metallo-beta-lactamase, IND-5, from a clinical isolate of Chryseobacterium indologenes.
AID584978	Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa beta-lactamase AmpC assessed as nitrocefin hydrolysis after 5 mins enzyme-compound preincubation	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID1529359	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Bacteroides fragilis assessed as potentiation of ceftolozane-induced antibacterial activity by measuring ceftolozane MIC90	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID285277	Inhibition of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) beta-lactamase TEM1	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Evolution of TEM-type enzymes: biochemical and genetic characterization of two new complex mutant TEM enzymes, TEM-151 and TEM-152, from a single patient.
AID1559351	Inhibition of TEM/CTX-M/SHV/KPC in Klebsiella pneumoniae 964-2 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID285275	Inhibition of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) beta-lactamase TEM29	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Evolution of TEM-type enzymes: biochemical and genetic characterization of two new complex mutant TEM enzymes, TEM-151 and TEM-152, from a single patient.
AID1225764	Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant CMY-2 assessed as substrate nitrocefin degradation preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 10 secs for 10 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 58, Issue:9	Discovery of a Cyclic Boronic Acid β-Lactamase Inhibitor (RPX7009) with Utility vs Class A Serine Carbapenemases.
AID266533	Antibacterial activity against Serratia marcescens expressing AmpC and Smel	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Structure-activity relationship of 6-methylidene penems bearing 6,5 bicyclic heterocycles as broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: evidence for 1,4-thiazepine intermediates with C7 R stereochemistry by computational methods.
AID1529351	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae clinical isolate assessed as potentiation of ceftolozane-induced antibacterial activity by measuring ceftolozane MIC by broth microdilution method	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID558575	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P1093 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1559316	Inhibition of bacterial SHV-5 using cefotaxime as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID1559337	Inhibition of KPC-2/PDC-42 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa CDC-0457 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 8 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 16 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID577242	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB097 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID727640	Binding affinity to Beta-lactamase SHV-1 K234R protein mutant in Escherichia coli DH10B assessed as change in secondary structure at 50 uM by circular dichroism analysis	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID44077	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from SHV-2	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1576698	Inhibition of bacterial N-terminal His-tagged TEV protease site linked VIM-2 (27 to 266 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID266529	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae AmpC	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Structure-activity relationship of 6-methylidene penems bearing 6,5 bicyclic heterocycles as broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: evidence for 1,4-thiazepine intermediates with C7 R stereochemistry by computational methods.
AID558772	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter coli isolate P1826 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1225760	Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant CTX-M-15 assessed as substrate nitrocefin degradation preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 10 secs for 10 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 58, Issue:9	Discovery of a Cyclic Boronic Acid β-Lactamase Inhibitor (RPX7009) with Utility vs Class A Serine Carbapenemases.
AID43744	Compound was tested for inhibition of beta-Lactamases from Morganell morgani U1627	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1476610	Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ARC 3506 after 18 hrs by broth microdilution method	2017	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-09, Volume: 60, Issue:21	Methodology for Monobactam Diversification: Syntheses and Studies of 4-Thiomethyl Substituted β-Lactams with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria, Including Carbapenemase Producing Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID266530	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli expressing TEM1	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Structure-activity relationship of 6-methylidene penems bearing 6,5 bicyclic heterocycles as broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: evidence for 1,4-thiazepine intermediates with C7 R stereochemistry by computational methods.
AID519637	Inhibition of Brachyspira pilosicoli beta-lactamase OXA-63 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) assessed as reduction in nitrocefin hydrolysis by spectrophotometry relative to oxacillin	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4	Genetic and biochemical characterization of OXA-63, a new class D beta-lactamase from Brachyspira pilosicoli BM4442.
AID574203	Ratio of Kinact to Ki for beta-lactamase OXA-1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using nitrocefin substrate by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Inhibition of OXA-1 beta-lactamase by penems.
AID70946	In vitro antibacterial activity against TEM-1 producing Escherichia coli (GC2206)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-23, Volume: 11, Issue:8	Allyl and propargyl substituted penam sulfones as versatile intermediates toward the syntheses of new beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID1576719	Inhibition of bacterial KPC-2 (29 to 289 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by jump-dilution recovery method
AID1559324	Inhibition of NDM-1/CMY-6/OXA-1 in Escherichia coli CDC-0055 assessed as piperacillin antibacterial activity at 16 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID560596	Antimicrobial activity against multidrug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate IMCJ2S1 by microdilution method in presence of beta-lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	AAC(6')-Iaf, a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
AID577235	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB106 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID1559344	Inhibition of NDM in Escherichia coli CDC-0452 assessed as meropenem antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 32 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID43908	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Staphylococcus aureus PCI	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID572897	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae Beta-lactamase SHV-1	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2	In vitro activity of LK-157, a novel tricyclic carbapenem as broad-spectrum {beta}-lactamase inhibitor.
AID560597	Antimicrobial activity against rifampin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 by microdilution method in presence of beta-lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	AAC(6')-Iaf, a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
AID374361	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH5alpha expressing pJDB2 containing Aeromonas caviae A324R metallo-beta-lactamase gene by broth dilution method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	First occurrence of an IMP metallo-beta-lactamase in Aeromonas caviae: IMP-19 in an isolate from France.
AID43880	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa MK-1184	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID43113	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Bacteroides fragilis BF 101	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID297199	Inhibition of Escherichia coli SHV1	2007	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-23, Volume: 50, Issue:17	4-Substituted trinems as broad spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: structure-based design, synthesis, and biological activity.
AID560595	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate IMCJ799 by microdilution method in presence of beta-lactamase inhibitor Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6	AAC(6')-Iaf, a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
AID1529353	Inhibition of beta lactamase in Pseudomonas aeruginosa assessed as potentiation of ceftolozane-induced antibacterial activity by measuring ceftolozane MIC by broth microdilution method	2018	MedChemComm, Sep-01, Volume: 9, Issue:9	β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations: an update.
AID519750	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae Beta-Lactamase SHV-1	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 52, Issue:5	The Lys234Arg substitution in the enzyme SHV-72 is a determinant for resistance to clavulanic acid inhibition.
AID44076	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from RTEM-3	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID542042	Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli TrC B expressing Klebsiella pneumoniae B blaCTX-M beta-lactamase by Etest method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1	Nationwide survey of CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Slovenian hospitals.
AID584992	Activity of Enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase P99 by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID525576	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase OXA-17 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) by nitrocefin hydrolysis assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4	Penicillin sulfone inhibitors of class D beta-lactamases.
AID558574	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P790 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1559334	Inhibition of KPC-2/PDC-42 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa CDC-0356 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 8 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID266527	Inhibition of Enterobacter cloacae Imi1	2006	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 49, Issue:15	Structure-activity relationship of 6-methylidene penems bearing 6,5 bicyclic heterocycles as broad-spectrum beta-lactamase inhibitors: evidence for 1,4-thiazepine intermediates with C7 R stereochemistry by computational methods.
AID577239	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB134 with PFGE subgroup A2 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID585189	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase GES-2 E104, N170 mutant preincubated for 5 mins before substrate addition using cephalothin substrate by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Comparative biochemical and computational study of the role of naturally occurring mutations at Ambler positions 104 and 170 in GES β-lactamases.
AID1576699	Inhibition of bacterial N-terminal His-tagged TEV protease site linked NDM-1 (1 to 270 amino acids) expressed in Escherichia coli Transetta (DE3) preincubated for 10 mins followed by FC5 fluorescent substrate addition by fluorescence assay
AID326275	Inhibition of Escherichia coli K12 TEM1	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	SCO-1, a novel plasmid-mediated class A beta-lactamase with carbenicillinase characteristics from Escherichia coli.
AID548269	Ratio of Ki for Klebsiella pneumoniae 1534 beta-lactamase KPC-2 T237S mutant to Ki for Klebsiella pneumoniae wild type beta-lactamase KPC-2 by competitive assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Substrate selectivity and a novel role in inhibitor discrimination by residue 237 in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase.
AID584985	Ratio of Inactivation rate constant for longer incubation time yield to Km for beta-lactamase TEM-1 by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID18755	Compound was tested for the half saturation constant derived from concentration dependence studies in Citrobacter freundii	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID70901	In vitro antibacterial activity against AmpC producing Escherichia coli (GC2894)	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-23, Volume: 11, Issue:8	Allyl and propargyl substituted penam sulfones as versatile intermediates toward the syntheses of new beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID558578	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P1650 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1559319	Inhibition of bacterial OXA-1 using nitrocefin as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID577232	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-intermediate Acinetobacter baumannii AB166 with PFGE subgroup A3 containing carbapenemase OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID422500	Inhibition of Carnobacterium divergens BM4489 penicillinase Cad-1	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2	Genetic and biochemical characterization of CAD-1, a chromosomally encoded new class A penicillinase from Carnobacterium divergens.
AID558572	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P338 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID405083	Inhibition of Citrobacter freundii PER2 beta lactamase	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7	Biochemical characterization of PER-2 and genetic environment of blaPER-2.
AID588220	Literature-mined public compounds from Kruhlak et al phospholipidosis modelling dataset	2008	Toxicology mechanisms and methods, , Volume: 18, Issue:2-3	Development of a phospholipidosis database and predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models.
AID1169071	Inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AmpC pre-incubated with enzyme for 5 mins before nitrocefin substrate addition by colorimetric assay	2014	ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-09, Volume: 5, Issue:10	Enantioselective Synthesis and Profiling of Two Novel Diazabicyclooctanone β-Lactamase Inhibitors.
AID585190	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase GES-5 E104, S170 mutant preincubated for 5 mins before substrate addition using cephalothin substrate by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Comparative biochemical and computational study of the role of naturally occurring mutations at Ambler positions 104 and 170 in GES β-lactamases.
AID577227	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii AB018 with PFGE subgroup G containing carbapenemase OXA-58 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID1559332	Inhibition of NDM-1/CMY-6/OXA-1 in Escherichia coli CDC-0055 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 8 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID285274	Inhibition of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) beta-lactamase TEM28	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Evolution of TEM-type enzymes: biochemical and genetic characterization of two new complex mutant TEM enzymes, TEM-151 and TEM-152, from a single patient.
AID574202	Inhibition of beta-lactamase OXA-1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using nitrocefin substrate by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Inhibition of OXA-1 beta-lactamase by penems.
AID1225762	Inhibition of Escherichia coli recombinant TEM-10 assessed as substrate nitrocefin degradation preincubated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 10 secs for 10 mins by spectrophotometric analysis	2015	Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-14, Volume: 58, Issue:9	Discovery of a Cyclic Boronic Acid β-Lactamase Inhibitor (RPX7009) with Utility vs Class A Serine Carbapenemases.
AID531316	Ratio of Kcat to Km for Pseudomonas aeruginosa beta-lactamase VIM-2 by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8	Kinetic characterization of VIM-7, a divergent member of the VIM metallo-beta-lactamase family.
AID558571	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P316 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID374365	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH5alpha expressing pIP19 containing Aeromonas caviae A324R metallo-beta-lactamase blaIMP-19 gene by broth dilution method	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12	First occurrence of an IMP metallo-beta-lactamase in Aeromonas caviae: IMP-19 in an isolate from France.
AID394491	Inhibition of Escherichia coli beta-lactamase ACC4	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	Plasmid-encoded ACC-4, an extended-spectrum cephalosporinase variant from Escherichia coli.
AID577241	Antibacterial activity against intI1-positive tigecycline-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii AB173 with PFGE subgroup B1 containing carbapenemase OXA-23 and OXA-51 by Etest	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Overexpression of the adeB gene in clinical isolates of tigecycline-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter baumannii without insertion mutations in adeRS.
AID495801	Inhibition of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae carbepenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC-1	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Novel ambler class A carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase from a Pseudomonas fluorescens isolate from the Seine River, Paris, France.
AID585188	Inhibition of Beta-lactamase GES-7 K104, G170 mutant preincubated for 5 mins before substrate addition using cephalothin substrate by spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11	Comparative biochemical and computational study of the role of naturally occurring mutations at Ambler positions 104 and 170 in GES β-lactamases.
AID1559339	Inhibition of VIM-27/CTX-M-15/SHV-11/OXA-1 in Klebsiella pneumoniae CDC-0040 assessed as meropenem antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID496594	Ratio of Kcat to Km for Escherichia coli DH10B beta-lactamase KPC-2	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Inhibitor resistance in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase, a preeminent property of this class A beta-lactamase.
AID209020	In vitro inhibitory concentration against TEM-1 enzyme	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Apr-23, Volume: 11, Issue:8	Allyl and propargyl substituted penam sulfones as versatile intermediates toward the syntheses of new beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID495800	Inhibition of Pseudomonas fluorescens PF-1 beta-lactamase BIC-1 expressed in Escherichia coli DH10B carrying pSau1	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1	Novel ambler class A carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase from a Pseudomonas fluorescens isolate from the Seine River, Paris, France.
AID1559346	Inhibition of TEM/CTX-M/SHV/Cephalosporinase in Escherichia coli EC1552 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb = 16 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID584973	Inhibition of beta-lactamase SHV-4 assessed as nitrocefin hydrolysis after 5 mins enzyme-compound preincubation	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 54, Issue:12	Mechanistic studies of the inactivation of TEM-1 and P99 by NXL104, a novel non-beta-lactam beta-lactamase inhibitor.
AID358399	Inhibition of beta lactamase SHV1	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Jul-27, Volume: 282, Issue:30	Efficient inhibition of class A and class D beta-lactamases by Michaelis complexes.
AID44074	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from RTEM-1	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID1559350	Inhibition of KPC/Cephalosporinase in Klebsiella pneumoniae 664-1 assessed as cefepime antibacterial activity at 4 ug/ml after 16 to 20 hrs by CLSI-based microbroth dilution method (Rvb > 128 ug/ml)	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID560136	Inhibition of recombinant beta-lactamase RTG3 expressed in Escherichia coli TOP10 by nitrocefin hydrolysis assay	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7	Genetic and biochemical characterization of the first extended-spectrum CARB-type beta-lactamase, RTG-4, from Acinetobacter baumannii.
AID1209731	Drug uptake by mouse OAT3 expressed in CHO cells at 100 uM after 25 mins by HPLC/UV detection method	2013	Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Apr, Volume: 41, Issue:4	Organic anion transporter 3 interacts selectively with lipophilic β-lactam antibiotics.
AID496600	Inhibition of Escherichia coli DH10B beta-lactamase KPC-2 assessed as residual activity at 25 to 200 uM after 15 mins by diode array spectrophotometry	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2	Inhibitor resistance in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase, a preeminent property of this class A beta-lactamase.
AID285159	Antimicrobial activity against non replicating persistence Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in aerobic condition assessed by relative light units after 7 days	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Low-oxygen-recovery assay for high-throughput screening of compounds against nonreplicating Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
AID574204	Ratio of Kcat to Kinact for beta-lactamase OXA-1 expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) using nitrocefin substrate by spectrophotometry	2008	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9	Inhibition of OXA-1 beta-lactamase by penems.
AID727647	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli DH10B expressing Beta-lactamase SHV K234A mutant by CLSI agar dilution method in presence of ampicillin	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID326274	Inhibition of Escherichia coli K12 CARB1	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6	SCO-1, a novel plasmid-mediated class A beta-lactamase with carbenicillinase characteristics from Escherichia coli.
AID43428	Compound was tested for inhibition of Beta-lactamase from Escherichia coli SN03	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Design, synthesis, and evaluation of 2 beta-alkenyl penam sulfone acids as inhibitors of beta-lactamases.
AID285272	Inhibition of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) beta-lactamase TEM151	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4	Evolution of TEM-type enzymes: biochemical and genetic characterization of two new complex mutant TEM enzymes, TEM-151 and TEM-152, from a single patient.
AID1559317	Inhibition of bacterial CTX-M-15 using cefotaxime as substrate preincubated for 15 mins followed by susbtrate addition and measured after 10 mins by spectrophotometric method	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-26, Volume: 63, Issue:6	Discovery of Taniborbactam (VNRX-5133): A Broad-Spectrum Serine- and Metallo-β-lactamase Inhibitor for Carbapenem-Resistant Bacterial Infections.
AID558570	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-positive beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P286 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID163441	The ratio of compound to that of piperacillin was evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa OC 4270 by inhibiting enzyme AmpC(ind) at 4 ug/mL	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-02, Volume: 10, Issue:19	The synthesis and SAR of rhodanines as novel class C beta-lactamase inhibitors.
AID1576709	Inhibition of beta lactamase NDM1 in Escherichia coli BAA-2452 assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by measuring meropenem MIC at 50 uM after 16 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution assay (Rvb = 32 ug/ml)
AID1576714	Inhibition of beta lactamase KPC-2 in Klebsiella pneumoniae 5846 assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by measuring meropenem MIC at 50 uM after 16 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution assay (Rvb = 16 ug/ml)
AID1576713	Inhibition of beta lactamase KPC-2 in Klebsiella pneumoniae BAA-1705 assessed as potentiation of meropenem-induced antibacterial activity by measuring meropenem MIC at 50 uM after 16 to 20 hrs by broth microdilution assay (Rvb = 16 ug/ml)
AID548268	Inhibition of Klebsiella pneumoniae 1534 beta-lactamase KPC-2 T237A mutant by competitive assay	2010	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7	Substrate selectivity and a novel role in inhibitor discrimination by residue 237 in the KPC-2 beta-lactamase.
AID727645	Ratio of Kcat to Kinact for wild type Beta-lactamase SHV-1 in Escherichia coli DH10B	2013	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 56, Issue:3	Design and exploration of novel boronic acid inhibitors reveals important interactions with a clavulanic acid-resistant sulfhydryl-variable (SHV) β-lactamase.
AID558766	Antibacterial activity against bla gene-positive and nitrocefin reaction-negative beta-lactamase harboring Campylobacter jejuni isolate P1698 by NCCLS agar doubling dilution method in presence of Tazobactam	2009	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 53, Issue:8	Beta-lactamase-mediated beta-lactam resistance in Campylobacter species: prevalence of Cj0299 (bla OXA-61) and evidence for a novel beta-Lactamase in C. jejuni.
AID1801066	Steady-State Kinetics Assay from Article 10.1021/bi501197t: \\Detecting a quasi-stable imine species on the reaction pathway of SHV-1 u00DF-lactamase and 6u00DF-(hydroxymethyl)penicillanic acid sulfone.\\	2015	Biochemistry, Jan-27, Volume: 54, Issue:3	Detecting a quasi-stable imine species on the reaction pathway of SHV-1 β-lactamase and 6β-(hydroxymethyl)penicillanic acid sulfone.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	29 (2.28)	18.7374
1990's	259 (20.33)	18.2507
2000's	262 (20.57)	29.6817
2010's	445 (34.93)	24.3611
2020's	279 (21.90)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	153 (11.53%)	5.53%
Reviews	111 (8.36%)	6.00%
Case Studies	146 (11.00%)	4.05%
Observational	17 (1.28%)	0.25%
Other	900 (67.82%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (139)

Trial Overview

Trial	Phase	Enrollment	Study Type	Start Date	Status
A Phase 2, Randomized, Active Comparator-Controlled, Multicenter, Double-Blind Clinical Trial to Study the Safety and Efficacy of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) Versus Meropenem in Pediatric Subjects With Complicated Urinary Tract Infection, Including [NCT03230838]	Phase 2	134 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-04-26	Completed
A Phase 2, Randomized, Active Comparator-Controlled, Multicenter, Double-Blind Clinical Trial to Study the Safety and Efficacy of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem in Pediatric Subjects With Complicated Intra-Abdominal [NCT03217136]	Phase 2	94 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-04-03	Completed
Role of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Preventing Neonatal Sepsis in Neonates Born Through Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid - A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT01290003]		250 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
Rational Use of Broad-spectrum Antibiotics as Empiric Antibiotic Therapy in Febrile Neutropenia in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation[NCT03078010]	Phase 2	460 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2017-02-10	Recruiting
Comparison of the Nephrotoxicity of Vancomycin in Combination With Piperacillin/Tazobactam or Other Beta-lactams in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study in China[NCT03776409]		700 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-12-12	Completed
Comparison of 9 Doses vs 3 Doses of Post Operative Antibiotics in Live Liver Donors: A Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03765645]		126 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-10-04	Completed
Optimal Care of Complicated Appendicitis[NCT03159754]	Phase 4	40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-06-29	Completed
Prospective Randomized Study to Compare Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Osteomyelitis Treated With Intravenous Antibiotics Versus Intravenous Antibiotics With an Early Switch to Oral Antibiotics[NCT02099240]	Early Phase 1	11 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-06	Terminated(stopped due to Not enough patient enrollment and lack of staffing)
A Randomized, Observer-blinded, Active-controlled, Phase Illb Study to Compare IV / Oral Delafloxacin Fixed-dose Monotherapy With Best Available Treatments in a Microbiologically Enriched Population With Surgical Site Infections[NCT04042077]	Phase 3	268 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-09-25	Terminated(stopped due to COVID-19 seriously affected the study execution as required by the protocol)
A Randomized, Double-blind, Multicenter, Phase2 Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of YH1177 or YH1177-D Otic Soultion in Patients With Otitis Media and Otorrhea[NCT02817347]	Phase 1/Phase 2	135 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-06-30	Terminated(stopped due to Sponsor's decision for the Drug Development.)
Single Centre, Prospective, Comparative, Open-label, Randomised Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Tolerability of the Combination of Moxifloxacin Plus Metronidazole Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam for the Treatment of Patients With Intra-abdominal Abscess[NCT00629135]	Phase 3	180 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2005-11-15	Completed
A Phase 3, Randomized, Double-Blind, Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Cefepime-AAI101 Compared to Piperacillin/Tazobactam in the Treatment of Complicated Urinary Tract Infections, Including Acute Pyelonephritis.[NCT03687255]	Phase 3	1,043 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-09-24	Completed
An Investigator Initiated, Phase II Single-Center, Randomized, Open-Label, Prospective, Comparative Study to Determine the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam Plus Vancomycin, Linezolid Versus Standard of Care Plus Vancomycin, Lin[NCT03485950]	Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-16	Completed
The Feasibility of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Continuous Infusion for Exacerbations of Cystic Fibrosis and Bronchiectasis Treated in an Outpatient Parenteral Antibiotic Therapy (OPAT) Setting[NCT06035055]	Phase 4	30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-10-31	Not yet recruiting
Optimisation, Valorisation and Application of UPLC-MS/MS Based Monitoring of Antibiotic Concentrations in Sputum of Cystic Fibrosis Patients - Part 3: Non-blank Sputum Samples for Method Optimisation and Validation[NCT02840136]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-29	Terminated(stopped due to Lack of staff)
Continuous Infusion Piperacillin-Tazobactam for the Treatment of Pulmonary Exacerbations in Patients With Cystic Fibrosis[NCT01694069]	Phase 4	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Terminated(stopped due to Recruitment was not sufficient to complete the study)
Clinical Outcomes With Ceftolozane-tazobactam in Patients With Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infections[NCT03510351]		200 participants (Actual)	Observational	2017-02-01	Active, not recruiting
A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active Comparator-Controlled Clinical Trial to Study the Efficacy and Safety of Ertapenem Sodium (MK-0826) Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Infections in Chinese Adults[NCT01370616]	Phase 3	565 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-09-02	Completed
A Randomized Controlled Trial Assessing Noninferiority of Three Antimicrobial Regimens for the Treatment of Grade III Open Fractures[NCT03560232]	Phase 4	17 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-09	Terminated(stopped due to Unable to recruit patients in a timely fashion and unable to recruit sufficient patients)
Efficacy and Safety of the Administration of Betalactam Antibiotics in Continuous or Extended Infusion Compared to Intermittent Infusion in Patients With Sepsis in Two Pediatric Third-level Care Hospitals[NCT03019965]		426 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-02-01	Completed
Randomized Controlled Trial of Meropenem Versus Piperacillin-Tazobactam for Definitive Treatment of Bloodstream Infections Due to Ceftriaxone Non-susceptible E. Coli and Klebsiella Species.[NCT02176122]	Phase 4	391 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-28	Terminated(stopped due to Secondary to third interim analysis by the study DSMB.)
Randomized, Double-Blind, Comparative Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of ZTI-01 vs Piperacillin/Tazobactam in the Treatment of cUTI/AP Infection in Hospitalized Adults[NCT02753946]	Phase 2/Phase 3	465 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-30	Completed
Is Combination Antibiotic Therapy Superior to Monotherapy in the Treatment of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease[NCT04879030]	Phase 2/Phase 3	170 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-01-01	Completed
Computer-basierte Dosierungsregime Von Antiinfektiva Bei eingeschränkter Nierenfunktion Und Kontinuierlichen Nierenersatztherapieverfahren (Computer-based Dosage Calculation for Antibiotics in Patients With Impaired Renal Function or Renal Replacement The[NCT03036826]		0 participants (Actual)	Observational	2019-06-30	Withdrawn(stopped due to due to organisational changes)
Efficacy of Extended Infusion of β-lactam Antibiotics for the Treatment of Febrile Neutropenia in Haematologic Patients: a Randomised, Multicentre, Open-label, Superiority Clinical Trial (BEATLE)[NCT04233996]	Phase 4	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-06-05	Recruiting
Model-based Dose Versus Empirical Dose of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in the Treatment of Late-onset Sepsis in Preterm Neonates: a Multicentre, Randomised, Open-label, Non-inferiority Study.[NCT05981079]	Phase 4	332 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-07-31	Recruiting
Randomized Control Trial: Two Different Antibiotics Versus One Antibiotic for Pediatric Perforated Appendicitis[NCT03289351]	Phase 4	162 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-05-22	Active, not recruiting
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Continuous Infusion of Beta-lactam Antibiotics in Patients With Bacteraemia[NCT03108690]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-10-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to Logistics)
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Versus Carbapenems in Non-bacteremic Urinary Tract Infections Due to Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia Coli or Klebsiella Pneumoniae - (CAPITIS Study)[NCT03891433]	Phase 4	198 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-04-01	Recruiting
Efficacy and Safety of Antibiotics in the Treatment of Early Onset Neonatal Sepsis[NCT03932123]		500 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-05-05	Recruiting
Randomized Phase II Trial of Total Gut Decontamination Followed by Fecal Microbiota Transplant (FMT), FMT-Alone or Standard of Care for Reduction in Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease of the Gastrointestinal Tract in Patients Given Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics[NCT03862079]	Phase 2	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2020-06-01	Withdrawn(stopped due to Per PI's request)
Monitoring of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam Plasmatic Levels in Critical Patients[NCT04257812]		20 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-02-15	Not yet recruiting
A Multicentre, Parallel Group Open-label Randomised Controlled Non-Inferiority Phase 3 Trial, of Ceftolozane-tazobactam Versus Meropenem for Definitive Treatment of Bloodstream Infection Due to Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) and AmpC-producing En[NCT04238390]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-01-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to The decision to withdraw the study was made due to delayed logistics of the supply chain of ceftolozane-tazobactam along with the immense complexities of conducting clinical research felt because of the COVID-19 pandemic.)
Comparing Oral Versus Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (COPAT) Trial[NCT05977868]	Phase 4	135 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-08-04	Enrolling by invitation
Beta-lactam Continuous Versus Intermittent Infusion and Associated Bacterial Resistance and Therapy Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients With Severe Pneumonia[NCT05102162]	Phase 4	35 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-12-17	Terminated(stopped due to Low recruitment.)
Pharmacokinetics of Piperacillin and Tazobactam in Critically Ill Patients - Finding the Best Predictor for Piperacillin-tazobactam Clearance[NCT03738683]		40 participants (Actual)	Observational	2019-02-01	Completed
A Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Randomized, Moxifloxacin and Placebo Controlled, Four-Way Crossover Study of the Effects of a Single Intravenous Supra-Therapeutic Dose and Single Intravenous Therapeutic Dose of CXA-101/Tazobactam on the QT/QTC Intervals in [NCT02508753]	Phase 1	52 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-30	Completed
A Multicenter, Open-label, Noncomparative, Japanese Phase III Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) in Japanese Patients With Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis and Complicated Urinary Tract Infection[NCT02728089]	Phase 3	115 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-14	Completed
Target Attainment and Pharmacokinetics of Antimicrobials in Non-critically Ill Surgery Patients[NCT03120663]		120 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2016-11-30	Recruiting
First Dose Pharmacokinetics for Piperacillin and Meropenem in ICU Patients[NCT05134298]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-11-01	Recruiting
Prospective Unblinded Randomized Trial to Examine Short vs Prolonged Antibiotic Treatment for Hospitalized Hemato-oncology Patients With Febrile Neutropenia[NCT02463747]	Phase 4	110 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-06-30	Not yet recruiting
A Multi-centre Study to Define Novel Individualised Dosing Regimens to Maximise Antibiotic Effectiveness for Treatment of Pneumonia in Intensive Care Units[NCT04986254]		80 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-10-17	Recruiting
A Phase III Multicenter, Open Label Randomized Controlled Trial of Cefoxitin Versus Piperacillin-Tazobactam as Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Pancreatoduodenectomy[NCT03269994]	Phase 3	962 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-21	Active, not recruiting
Antibiotic Dosing in Pediatric Intensive Care[NCT02456974]		640 participants (Anticipated)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2012-05-31	Recruiting
A Pilot Study of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam in Conjunction With Rapid Molecular Diagnosis for Directed Treatment of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Bacteremia and Pneumonia in Patients With Hematological Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation[NCT04673175]	Phase 1/Phase 2	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-20	Recruiting
"Antibioprophylaxis for Excision-graft Surgery in Burn Patient: a Multicenter Randomized Double-blind Study: A2B Trial"[NCT04292054]	Phase 3	506 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-10-11	Recruiting
Early Versus Late Stopping of Antibiotics in Children With Cancer and High-risk Febrile Neutropenia[NCT04948463]	Phase 4	312 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-11-15	Recruiting
Randomized, Embedded, Multifactorial Adaptive Platform Trial for Community- Acquired Pneumonia[NCT02735707]	Phase 3	10,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-04-11	Recruiting
A Multicenter, Open-label, Noncomparative, Japanese Phase III Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) Used in Combination With Metronidazole in Japanese Patients With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection.[NCT02739997]	Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-04-08	Completed
Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics Study of Piperacillin/Tazobactam During Early Phase in Critically Ill Patients With Severe Sepsis[NCT02730624]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-31	Completed
Procalcitonin as a Marker of Antibiotic Therapy in Patients With Lower Respiratory Tract Infections. Can Measurement of Procalcitonin Reduce the Use of Antibiotics?[NCT02171338]	Phase 4	55 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2013-10-31	Active, not recruiting
Piperacllin Versus Placebo in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Acute Cholecystitis[NCT02619149]	Phase 3	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Completed
Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Patients[NCT02609646]		1,500 participants (Actual)	Observational	2016-01-31	Completed
Samu Save Sepsis: Early Goal Directed Therapy in Pre Hospital Care of Patients With Severe Sepsis and/or Septic Shock[NCT02473263]	Phase 3	398 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-09	Completed
Prospective Study Evaluating Plasma Exposure of Optimized Antibiotic Therapy According to TDM in Patients With Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (ES) and Cerebral Haemorrhage (EC)[NCT04132115]		104 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-10-01	Recruiting
A Comparison of Standard Vs Renal Dosing of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Acute Renal Failure and Septic Shock[NCT00816790]	Phase 4	20 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-01-31	Terminated(stopped due to Study stopped because of study personel movement to another institution.)
Monitoring of Piperacillin-Tazobactam and Meropenem Plasmatic Levels in Critical Patients[NCT04257838]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2020-02-15	Not yet recruiting
Validation of Uncertainty Quantifying Machine Learning Models to Predict Beta-lactam Antimicrobial Concentrations in ICU Patients[NCT06026852]		600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-20	Not yet recruiting
A Prospective, Randomized, Double Dummy, Double Blind, Multinational, Multicenter Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Sequential (Intravenous/Oral) Moxifloxacin 400 mg OD to Intravenous Piperacillin/Tazobactam 4.0/0.5 g Every 8 Hours Followed by Or[NCT00402727]	Phase 3	813 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2006-09-30	Completed
A Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics Study of Tapimycin Injection(Piperacillin 4 g + Tazobactam 0.5 g Powder for Injection) Administered Under Fasting Conditions to Healthy Adult Subjects[NCT00924742]		12 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-03-31	Completed
Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosage Individualization of Biapenem,Meropenem,Piperacillin and Tazobactam,Tigecycline,Levofloxacin .Etc in Elderly Patients Who Was Hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit[NCT04799626]		500 participants (Anticipated)	Observational [Patient Registry]	2021-04-01	Recruiting
[NCT02709382]	Phase 1	48 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-03-31	Completed
Low Doses of Lung Radiation Therapy in Cases of COVID-19 Pneumonia: Prospective Multicentric Study in Radiation Oncology Centers[NCT04394182]		15 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-21	Suspended(stopped due to lack of recruitment)
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) of Extended-infusion Meropenem, Piperacillin-tazobactam and Cefepime in the Early Phase of Septic Shock[NCT02820987]	Phase 3	129 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-09-01	Recruiting
Randomized, Multicenter, Phase III, Controlled Clinical Trial, to Demonstrate the no Inferiority of Reduced Antibiotic Treatment vs a Broad Spectrum Betalactam Antipseudomonal Treatment in Patients With Bacteremia by Enterobacteriaceae[NCT02795949]	Phase 3	344 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-10-31	Completed
Pharmacokinetics of Piperacillin and Tazobactam in Anuric Septic Patients Treated by Continuous Veno Venous Hemodiafiltration[NCT00703144]	Phase 4	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2008-06-30	Completed
Antibiotic Treatment in Ventilator Associated Tracheobronchitis (VAT): A Randomized, Controlled Trial[NCT01027832]	Phase 2/Phase 3	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2009-09-30	Recruiting
Effects on the Emergence and Transmission of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci After Changes in Antibiotic Use in a Hematology Unit.[NCT00167960]		1,500 participants	Observational	2005-01-31	Completed
A Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Active Comparator-Controlled Clinical Trial to Study the Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Imipenem/Cilastatin/Relebactam (MK-7655A) Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Subjects With Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pne[NCT02493764]	Phase 3	537 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-11-24	Completed
Targeted AntiBiotics for Chronic Pulmonary Disease: Can Targeted Antibiotic Therapy Improve the Prognosis of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infected Patients With Chronic Pulmonary Obstructive Disease, Non-cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis and Asthma? A Multicenter,[NCT03262142]	Phase 4	51 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-01-10	Terminated(stopped due to Slow recruitment)
A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Phase 2 Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous CXA 101/ Tazobactam and Metronidazole With That of Meropenem in Complicated Intraabdominal Infections[NCT01147640]	Phase 2	122 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2010-06-25	Completed
Piperacillin Tazobactam Versus Meropenem for Treatment of Bloodstream Infections Caused by Cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae- a Non-inferiority Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT03671967]	Phase 4	1,084 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2019-05-01	Recruiting
An Investigator Initiated, Phase IV Single-Center, Randomized, Open-Label, Prospective Study to Determine the Impact of Serial Procalcitonin on Improving Antimicrobial Stewardship and on the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Imipenem - Relebactam Plus[NCT04983901]	Phase 2	100 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2021-09-14	Active, not recruiting
Effects of Piperacillin-Tazobactam Use on the Prevalence Rate of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae in Hematology and Oncology Units.[NCT00167999]		200 participants	Observational	2005-02-28	Completed
Empirical Meropenem Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam for Adult Patients With Sepsis (EMPRESS) Trial[NCT06184659]	Phase 4	5,800 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-03-01	Not yet recruiting
Appropriate Antimicrobial Therapy in Critical Care: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT00438269]	Phase 2	80 participants	Interventional	2003-02-28	Completed
Association of Antibiotic Utilization Measures and Control of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases (ESBLs) Producing Bacteria[NCT00488189]	Phase 4	134 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2007-05-31	Completed
Antimicrobial Pharmacokinetics in High Risk Infants (Urinary Proteomics in Antimicrobial/Antifungal-Treated Newborns - add-on Study)[NCT00491426]		450 participants (Actual)	Observational	2006-01-31	Completed
A Phase 1, Open-label, Non-comparative, Multicenter Clinical Study to Evaluate the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) in Pediatric Participants With Nosocomial Pneumonia[NCT04223752]	Phase 1	40 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2020-04-17	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetics of Understudied Drugs Administered to Children Per Standard of Care[NCT01431326]		3,520 participants (Actual)	Observational	2011-11-30	Completed
Antibiotic Plasma Concentrations During Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy With a High Adsorption Membrane (oXiris®)[NCT04033029]		20 participants (Actual)	Observational	2021-01-01	Completed
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Piperacillin-tazobactam in Neonates[NCT00873327]	Phase 1	32 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2009-10-31	Completed
Comparison of Medical and Surgical Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis in Children[NCT02991937]	Phase 4	39 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-12-31	Completed
Antimicrobial Therapy for Ventilator-associated Pneumonia Among Patients Colonized With Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae : Efficacy of a Strategy Using Piperacillin-tazobactam as Empirical Treatment.[NCT04276480]		30 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-02-16	Recruiting
Observed Pharmacokinetic of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in ICU Patients Compared to Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Amikacin[NCT03990467]		60 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-01-28	Recruiting
eXtended Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Intermediate- and High-risk Glands After Pancreatoduodenectomy to Reduce Clinically Relevant PostOperative Pancreatic Fistula: A Phase 2 Randomized Control Trial (X-POPF)[NCT05753735]	Phase 2	96 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-12-20	Recruiting
Monotherapy With Piperacillin-tazobactam Versus Combination Therapy With Piperacillin-tazobactam Plus Glycopeptide as an Initial Empiric Therapy for Fever in Neutropenic Patients. An Observational Prospective Study.[NCT00195533]		801 participants (Actual)	Observational	2001-07-31	Completed
Antibiotic Concentrations in Serum and Epithelial Lining Fluid Under Continous Infusion[NCT00435305]		40 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2006-11-30	Terminated(stopped due to difficulties by enrolling patients fundings consumed, no staff could be recruited and payed to continue enrolling patients,)
Pharmacokinetic of Doripenem and Piperacillin/Tazobactam in More Than 120 kg Critically Ill Patients[NCT01517815]		50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-02-29	Completed
An Open-label, Randomized Study Comparing the Efficacy and Safety of Piperacillin/Tazobactam and Ampicillin/Sulbactam Administered Intravenously in the Empirical Treatment of Foot Infections in Diabetic Inpatients[NCT00044746]	Phase 4	314 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2000-10-31	Completed
A Prospective, Multicenter, Double-Blind With In-House Blinding, Randomized, Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Ertapenem Sodium Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in the Treatment of Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections[NCT00389987]	Phase 3	300 participants	Interventional	2001-09-30	Completed
A Randomized, Open-Label, Multi-Center, Comparative Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Piperacillin/Tazobactam to Cefepime for the Empiric Treatment of Neutropenic Fever in Patients With a Hematologic Malignancy or Lymphoma[NCT00044759]	Phase 3	0 participants	Interventional		Completed
Standard vs. Biofilm Susceptibility Testing in CF[NCT00153634]		75 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2004-03-31	Completed
Randomized, Open-label, Comparative Study of Zosyn (Pip/Tazo [12g/1.5g]) Administered by Daily 24hr Continuous Infusion vs Zosyn (Pip/Tazo) [3g/0.375g]) q6h for the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection[NCT00044928]	Phase 4	262 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2002-07-31	Completed
Study of the Safety and Efficacy of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in the Treatment of Patients With Complicated Urinary Infections.[NCT00195286]		180 participants (Actual)	Observational	2004-06-30	Completed
Optimized Treatment for Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis; Active Observation With or Without Antibiotic Treatment[NCT03985514]	Phase 4	126 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-05-15	Completed
[NCT02620774]	Phase 1	16 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-02-19	Completed
A Prospective, Multicenter, Double-Blind With In-House Blinding, Randomized, Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability, of Ertapenem Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Infections in Adults.[NCT00229112]	Phase 3	400 participants	Interventional	2001-04-30	Completed
An Open-Label, Multicenter, Multinational, Centrally Randomized, Two-Arm Parallel-Group Study to Demonstrate the Non-Inferiority in Clinical Efficacy of Levofloxacin 750mg od in Comparison With Piperacillin/Tazobactam 4g/500mg Every 8 Hours in the Treatme[NCT00253955]	Phase 3	460 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2003-06-30	Completed
Ceftolozane-tazobactam for the Treatment of Respiratory Infections Due to Extensively Drug-resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Among Critically Ill Patients: a Retrospective Study.[NCT04352855]		55 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-01-18	Active, not recruiting
Continuous-infusion Anti-pseudomonal β-lactams for the Treatment of Acute, Infective Pulmonary Exacerbations in Cystic Fibrosis[NCT01667094]	Phase 4	50 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Active, not recruiting
Pharmacokinetics of Antibiotics During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) Support[NCT03922451]		4 participants (Actual)	Observational	2019-08-27	Terminated(stopped due to COVID-19 - study and recruitment not feasible)
Nosocomial Infections in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Treated With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation[NCT05566665]		200 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-01-01	Recruiting
Piperacillin-tazobactam and Temocillin as Carbapenem-alternatives for the Treatment of Severe Infections Due to Extended-spectrum Beta-lactamase-Producing Gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae in the Intensive Care Unit[NCT05565222]	Phase 3	600 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2023-03-11	Recruiting
Piperacillin/Tazobactam for Prophylaxis in Patients of Neutropenia After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation - A Pilot Study[NCT01714557]		150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2012-09-30	Not yet recruiting
A Prospective, Randomized, Open Label Study of Piperacillin/Tazobactam Versus Imipenem/Cilastin for Empirical Therapy of Febrile Patients With Neutropenia After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation[NCT01714570]		123 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2012-11-30	Completed
A Phase 1, Open-label, Randomized, 2-period, Crossover Study to Assess the Effect of Intravenous Infusion of Piperacillin/Tazobactam on the Pharmacokinetics of Orally Administered Lumicitabine (JNJ-64041575) in Healthy Adult Subjects[NCT03441529]	Phase 1	18 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-09	Completed
Assessing the Longitudinal Outcomes of Piperacillin/Tazobactam Versus ceftriAxone and Metronidazole for Children With Perforated Appendicitis (ALPACA): a Randomized Controlled Trial[NCT05943223]	Phase 2	16 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-01-31	Not yet recruiting
Per Oral Versus Intravenous Postoperative Antibiotics After Surgery for Complicated Appendicitis: A Cluster Randomized Cluster Crossover Non-Inferiority Study.[NCT04803422]		2,631 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-05-01	Recruiting
A Prospective, Multicenter, Open-Label Study to Assess Population Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Intravenous Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients Admitted With Acute Pulmonary Exacerbation[NCT02421120]	Phase 4	21 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-09-30	Completed
Antibiotic Safety in Infants With Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections (SCAMP Trial)[NCT01994993]	Phase 2/Phase 3	260 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-12-31	Completed
A Prospective Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of the Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Concentrations of a Single Dose Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Infected Critically Ill Patients With an Indwelling External Ventricular Drain[NCT03309657]	Phase 1/Phase 2	10 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-02-01	Completed
Pilot RCT of Meropenem Versus Piperacillin-Tazobactam for Definitive Treatment of Bloodstream Infections Caused by AmpC Beta-lactamase Producing Enterobacter Spp., Citrobacter Freundii, Morganella Morganii, Providencia Spp. or Serratia Marcescens. in Low-[NCT02437045]	Phase 4	100 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2015-04-30	Completed
A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study to Assess the Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Compared With Meropenem in Adult Patients With Ventilated Nosocomial Pneumonia[NCT02070757]	Phase 3	726 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-02	Completed
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Double-blind, Randomized, Active-controlled Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam (MK-7625A) Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem in Chinese Participants With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infect[NCT03830333]	Phase 3	268 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2019-03-20	Completed
Safety and Pharmacokinetics of Piperacillin-Tazobactam Extended Infusions in Infants and Children[NCT02466438]	Phase 1	141 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2016-01-31	Recruiting
TAID Study - A Prospective Interventional Trial on Antibiotics Continuous Infusion at Home[NCT04816968]	Phase 1	50 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-09-30	Not yet recruiting
Pharmacokinetics of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Patients With Burns[NCT03002506]	Phase 4	6 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-08-21	Terminated(stopped due to Much slower recruitment than anticipated)
Efficacy and Safety of Piperacillin-Tazobactam Continuous Infusion vs Intermittent Infusion for Complicated or Nosocomial Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Infection or Suspected Infection[NCT01577368]	Phase 3	76 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2011-05-31	Completed
Vancomycin Versus Placebo in Persistently Febrile Granulocytopenic Patients Given Piperacillin/Tazobactam[NCT00003805]	Phase 3	859 participants (Actual)	Interventional	1997-11-30	Completed
Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Study Evaluating Efficacy/Safety/Tolerability of Meropenem-Vaborbactam Compared to Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Adult Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections, Including Acute Pyelonephritis[NCT02166476]	Phase 3	550 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-11-20	Completed
CEFtolozane-Tazobactam for the Empiric Anti-bacterial Treatment of Neutropenic Fever in Hematology Patients; a Single-arm, Single-center, Open-label Clinical Trial (CEF-10 Study)[NCT05061654]	Phase 4	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-08-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Administrative constraints)
Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Optimize the Dosage of the Piperacillin / Tazobactam Combination in Patients With Sepsis in Intensive Care[NCT03748095]		90 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-03-12	Recruiting
Amplification and Selection of Antimicrobial Resistance in the Intestine II[NCT03140826]		60 participants (Actual)	Observational	2018-01-30	Completed
Postoperative Anti-infective Strategy Following Pancreaticoduodenectomy in Patients With Preoperative Biliary Stent[NCT06123169]	Phase 3	326 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2024-03-31	Not yet recruiting
In Vitro Activity of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam and Imipenem/Relebactam in Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa and Enterobacterales Collected From Hematology and Oncology Patients[NCT04196608]		1,005 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2019-11-01	Recruiting
Clinical and Microbiological Effects of Local and Systemic Antimicrobials as an Adjunctive Therapy in Periodontitis Stages 2 and 3[NCT05608564]		40 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2022-01-17	Active, not recruiting
A Phase 1, Non-comparative, Open-label Study to Characterize the Pharmacokinetics of a Single Intravenous Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Pediatric Patients Receiving Standard of Care Antibiotic Therapy for Proven or Suspected Gram-negative Infection or[NCT02266706]	Phase 1	43 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-09-17	Completed
Extended-infusion Piperacillin-Tazobactam Versus Intermittent-Infusion Dosing Strategy in Critically Ill Patients With Suspected or Confirmed Bacterial Infections.[NCT04895657]	Phase 4	56 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-07-27	Completed
Phase Ⅱ, Randomized, Double-Blind,Double-Dummy Study Evaluating Safety,Tolerability,Efficacy of Meropenem-FL058 in Adult Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections, Including Acute Pyelonephritis[NCT05060419]	Phase 2	150 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2021-10-08	Not yet recruiting
A Multicenter, Open-Label, Randomized Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Intravenous Ceftolozane/Tazobactam With That of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Ventilator Associated Pneumonia[NCT01853982]	Phase 3	4 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2013-06-14	Terminated(stopped due to Terminated to focus on a larger study within the clinical development program.)
A Phase IIIb, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Randomized, Comparative Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Meropenem-Vaborbactam Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in the Treatment of Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia and Ventilator-Asso[NCT03006679]	Phase 3	0 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2018-08-31	Withdrawn(stopped due to Sponsor Decision)
PipEracillin/Tazobactam vs mERoPENem for Treatment of AmpC-producing Bloodstream Infections: an Extension of the Original PETERPEN Trial[NCT05355350]	Phase 4	1,000 participants (Anticipated)	Interventional	2022-07-01	Recruiting
A Phase 1, Prospective, Multi-center, Open-label Study to Assess the Plasma Pharmacokinetics and Lung Penetration of Intravenous (IV) Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Patients[NCT02387372]	Phase 1	37 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2015-02-05	Completed
A Single-Center, Randomized, Open-label, Prospective, Comparative Study to Determine the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Ceftazidime-Avibactam (CAZ-AVI) Plus Vancomycin or Linezolid Versus Standard of Care Plus Vancomycin or Linezolid as Empiric The[NCT02732327]	Phase 2	2 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2016-05-17	Terminated(stopped due to No longer aligned with the revised clinical development plan and commercial strategy)
A Single-center, Multi-arm, Open-label, Randomized, 3-period, Crossover, Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the DDI, PK, Safety, and Tolerability of Single Doses of SPR741 Co-administered With Three Different Antibiotics in Healthy Volunteers[NCT03376529]	Phase 1	27 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2017-11-10	Completed
Population Pharmacokinetic of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Maternal and Neonatal Populations With High Risk for EOS[NCT06076200]		50 participants (Anticipated)	Observational	2023-09-30	Recruiting
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of High-Dose Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Obese Patients[NCT01923363]		29 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-02-25	Completed
Efficacy of Oral Antibiotic Therapy Compared to Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis (CRO-OSTEOMYELITIS)[NCT02168816]	Phase 2	30 participants (Actual)	Interventional	2014-03-19	Terminated(stopped due to The study was stopped for feasibility (i.e., low recruitment))
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

Number of Participants Discontinuing Study Therapy Due to AE

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding, for example), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product or protocol specified procedure, whether or not considered related to the medicinal product or protocol specified procedure. Any worsening (i.e., any clinically significant adverse change in frequency and/or intensity) of a preexisting condition that is temporally associated with the use of the Sponsor's product, is also an AE. (NCT03230838)
Timeframe: Up to Day 15

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	1
Meropenem	0

Number of Participants With ≥1 Adverse Events (AEs)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	59
Meropenem	20

Percentage of Participants With a Clinical Response of Cure at the End of Treatment Visit

Clinical response of cure is complete resolution or marked improvement in signs and symptoms of the cUTI or return to pre-infection signs and symptoms, such that no further antibiotic therapy (IV or oral) is required for the treatment of the cUTI. The 95% CIs of each treatment are unstratified Wilson CIs. (NCT03230838)
Timeframe: Up to 48 hours after last oral dose (up to 19 days)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	94.4
Meropenem	100.0

Percentage of Participants With a Clinical Response of Cure at the Test of Cure Visit

Clinical response of cure is complete resolution or marked improvement in signs and symptoms of the complicated urinary tract infection (cUTI) or return to pre-infection signs and symptoms, such that no further antibiotic therapy (IV or oral) is required for the treatment of the cUTI. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of each treatment are unstratified Wilson CIs. (NCT03230838)
Timeframe: Up to Test of Cure Visit (up to 35 days)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	88.7
Meropenem	95.8

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Eradication of All Baseline Pathogens at the End of Treatment Visit

Microbiological eradication of all baseline pathogens is defined as a postbaseline urine culture shows all uropathogens found at baseline at ≥10^5 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL are reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. The 95% CIs of each treatment are unstratified Wilson CIs. (NCT03230838)
Timeframe: Up to 48 hours after last oral dose (up to 19 days)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	93.0
Meropenem	95.8

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Eradication of All Baseline Pathogens at the Test of Cure Visit

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	84.5
Meropenem	87.5

"Percentage of Participants With a Clinical Response of Cure at the End of Treatment (EOT) Visit"

"The percentage of participants who had a clinical outcome of cure at the time of the EOT visit is presented. The cure clinical outcome was defined as complete resolution or marked improvement in signs and symptoms of the complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) or return to pre-infection signs and symptoms such that no further antibiotic therapy (intravenous or oral) or surgical or drainage procedure is required for treatment of the cIAI. Participants who were missing clinical response data were considered treatment failures." (NCT03217136)
Timeframe: Up to approximately 27 days

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	80.0
Meropenem	95.2

"Percentage of Participants With a Clinical Response of Cure at the Test of Cure (TOC) Visit"

"The percentage of participants who had a clinical outcome of cure at the time of the TOC visit is presented. The cure clinical outcome was defined as complete resolution or marked improvement in signs and symptoms of the complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) or return to pre-infection signs and symptoms such that no further antibiotic therapy (intravenous or oral) or surgical or drainage procedure is required for treatment of the cIAI. Participants who were missing clinical response data were considered treatment failures." (NCT03217136)
Timeframe: Up to approximately 39 days

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	80.0
Meropenem	100.0

Number of Participants Experiencing ≥1 Adverse Events (AEs)

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered study treatment and which did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. The number of participants who experienced an AE is presented. (NCT03217136)
Timeframe: Up to approximately 75 days

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	56
Meropenem	13

Number of Participants Who Discontinued Study Therapy Due to AE(s)

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered study treatment and which did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. The number of participants who discontinued study treatment due to an AE is presented. (NCT03217136)
Timeframe: Up to approximately 18 days

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	2
Meropenem	0

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Eradication at the EOT Visit

The percentage of participants who achieved either eradication or presumed eradication of each baseline infecting pathogen by the time of the EOT visit is presented. Eradication was defined as absence of the baseline pathogen(s) in a postbaseline specimen appropriately obtained from the original site of infection. Presumed eradication was defined as absence of material to culture in a participant who is assessed as having partial improvement, or clinical cure. In the event of multiple baseline pathogens, the least favorable microbiological response from all possible baseline pathogens was used. (NCT03217136)
Timeframe: Up to approximately 27 days

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	84.1
Meropenem	94.7

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Eradication at the TOC Visit

The percentage of participants who achieved either eradication or presumed eradication of each baseline infecting pathogen by the time of the TOC visit is presented. Eradication was defined as absence of the baseline pathogen(s) in a postbaseline specimen appropriately obtained from the original site of infection. Presumed eradication was defined as absence of material to culture in a participant who is assessed as having partial improvement, or clinical cure. In the event of multiple baseline pathogens, the least favorable microbiological response from all possible baseline pathogens was used. (NCT03217136)
Timeframe: Up to approximately 39 days

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	84.1
Meropenem	100

Complications

Number of persons who experience any of a number of specified complications, including new/recurrent abscess, wound infection, small bowel obstruction, or need for a larger operation (NCT03159754)
Timeframe: During index/initial hospitalization (generally not more than 5-6 weeks)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Early Appendectomy	9
Interval Appendectomy	6
No Appendectomy	1

Duration of Antibiotic Therapy

Duration of antibiotic therapy measured in days (NCT03159754)
Timeframe: During index/initial hospitalization (generally not more than 5-6 weeks)

Intervention	days (Mean)
Early Appendectomy	6.3
Interval Appendectomy	5.1
No Appendectomy	5.4

Length of Stay

Length of all hospital stays measured in days (NCT03159754)
Timeframe: During index/initial hospitalization (generally not more than 5-6 weeks)

Intervention	days (Mean)
Early Appendectomy	7.8
Interval Appendectomy	7.4
No Appendectomy	3.5

Number of Radiographic Imaging Studies

Number of radiographic imaging studies including ultrasound, CT, and MRI (NCT03159754)
Timeframe: During index/initial hospitalization (generally not more than 5-6 weeks)

Intervention	number of imaging procedures/participant (Mean)
Early Appendectomy	1.96
Interval Appendectomy	2.04
No Appendectomy	1.88

Parents Away From Work

"Parents away from work measured in days is presented here. The intention was to collect missed activity days for children as well as missed parent work days. However, the question to capture this information referred to school and was determined to be too inconsistent with the way the question may have been interpreted when the survey was given to code reliably." (NCT03159754)
Timeframe: During index/initial hospitalization (generally not more than 5-6 weeks)

Intervention	days (Mean)
Early Appendectomy	7.6
Interval Appendectomy	9.3
No Appendectomy	3.5

Recurrent Appendicitis

Number of persons who experience recurrent appendicitis requiring hospitalization. Because the early appendectomy arm participant by definition have no appendix to infect after surgery, they are not shown below. (NCT03159754)
Timeframe: 2 years; (Although this appears longer than trial duration, study completion date is based on last 2 year survey turned in, and medical record analysis looked a full two years per participant which extended a bit longer.)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Interval Appendectomy	2
No Appendectomy	0

Number of Percutaneous Drainage Procedures

Number of persons with differing numbers of percutaneous drainage procedures (NCT03159754)
Timeframe: During index/initial hospitalization (generally not more than 5-6 weeks)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	1 drainage	2 drainage procedures
Early Appendectomy	4	1
Interval Appendectomy	4	0
No Appendectomy	1	0

Quality of Life (PedsQL)

Original QOL outcome measure listed was: Quality of life measured by PedsQL 2 years following discharge. Two year data collected was insufficient to allow for any analysis. One month GI QOL data collected, also listed in the protocol, is shown below. GI QoL is a validated measure with scores ranging from 0 to 100, where lower scores mean worse quality of life and higher scores mean better quality of life. Peds QL is a validated measure with scores ranging from 0 to 100, where lower scores mean worse quality of life and higher scores mean better quality of life. (NCT03159754)
Timeframe: 1 month; for GI QOL; 2 years for Peds QL

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	1 month GI QOL
Interval Appendectomy	88.4
No Appendectomy	87.25

Quality of Life (PedsQL)

Intervention	score on a scale (Mean)
	1 month GI QOL	2 year Peds QL (parental report)	2 year Peds QL teen report
Early Appendectomy	80.18	86.3	87.34

Hospital Infection Related Length of Stay (IRLOS)

Length of Stay since beginning of therapy till patient stabilization and considered suitable for hospital discharge (NCT04042077)
Timeframe: up to 14 days

Intervention	hours (Mean)
Delafloxacin	130.9
Best Available Therapy	140.3

Hospital Length of Stay (LOS)

Length of Stay since Screening till actual hospital discharge (NCT04042077)
Timeframe: up to 45 days (Late Follow Up visit)

Intervention	hours (Mean)
Delafloxacin	178.8
Best Available Therapy	193.5

Number of Participants Eligible to Switch to Oral Formulation According to Blinded Observer's Assessment

"Blinded assessment based on patient stabilization and ability to tolerate OS diet. In particular, the following details had to be met:~Systolic blood pressure normal/not clinically significant abnormal No infection related tachycardia Afebrile status; body temperature <38°C for at least 24 hours* WBC count normalized/not clinically significant abnormal Patient able to tolerate PO diet/to take PO treatment and no GI absorption problem~The measure counts only the participants eligible to switch, without taking into account the actually switched. Indeed, only linezolid in the BAT has an equivalent oral formulation suitable for the switch." (NCT04042077)
Timeframe: up to 14 days

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Delafloxacin	129
Best Available Therapy	129

Number of Participants With Clinical Success at Test Of Cure Visit

"Clinical Success defined as the clinical response of Cure or improved. Below the definitions:~Cure: The complete resolution of all baseline signs and symptoms of SSI~Improved: two or more signs and/or symptoms (but not all) were considered resolved thus the patient had improved to an extent that no additional antibiotic treatment was necessary." (NCT04042077)
Timeframe: 7-14 days after last dose

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Delafloxacin	123
Best Available Therapy	119

Microbiological Response

Documented or presumed eradication or persistence (NCT04042077)
Timeframe: up to 14 days (End Of Treatment visit) and 7-14 days after last dose (Test Of Cure visit)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	TOC Visit72552475		TOC Visit72552474	EOT Visit72552474	EOT Visit72552475
	Eradicated	Persisted
Delafloxacin	94
Best Available Therapy	81
Delafloxacin	11
Best Available Therapy	21
Delafloxacin	80
Best Available Therapy	64
Delafloxacin	25
Best Available Therapy	38

30 Day All-cause Mortality in the MITT Analysis Set

The secondary efficacy outcome is all-cause mortality of the patients in the MITT (Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set, which is mortality within 30 days after the last dose of inpatient IV study drug. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 30 days after the last dose of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	2
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	2

30 Day All-cause Mortality in the mMITT Analysis Set

The secondary efficacy outcome is all-cause mortality of the patients in the mMITT (microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set, which is mortality within 30 days after the last dose of inpatient IV study drug. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 30 days after the last dose of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	0
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	0

Favorable Microbiological Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at TOC.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable microbiological response of the patients in the mMITT (Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at test-of-cure (TOC). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 21 to 28 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	3
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	2

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response at End of Inpatient Intravenous Therapy (EOIV)

Resolution of all acute signs and symptoms of the primary infection or improvement to such an extent that no additional antibacterial therapy is required (ie, except for protocol-allowed adjunctive therapies and/or oral or IV switch) and such that no more than 14 days of total antibacterial therapy is required. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after administration of the last dose of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	41
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	36

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the CE Analysis Set at LFU.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the CE (Clinically Evaluable) Analysis Set at late follow-up (LFU). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 35 to 42 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	27
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	24

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the CE Analysis Set at TOC

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the CE (Clinically Evaluable) Analysis Set at test-of-cure (TOC). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 21 to 28 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	28
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	26

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the Clinically Evaluable (CE) Analysis Set at EOIV.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the CE (Clinically Evaluable) Analysis Set at end of inpatient intravenous therapy (EOIV). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after administration of the last dose of inpatient IV study drug.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	29
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	32

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the ME Analysis Set at EOIV.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the ME (Microbiologically Evaluable) Analysis Set at end of inpatient intravenous therapy (EOIV). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after administration of the last dose of inpatient IV study drug.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	2
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the ME Analysis Set at LFU.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the ME (Microbiologically Evaluable) Analysis Set at late follow-up (LFU). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 35 to 42 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	2
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the ME Analysis Set at TOC

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the ME (Microbiologically Evaluable) Analysis Set at test-of-cure (TOC). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 21 to 28 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	2
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the Microbiological Modified Intent-to-treat (mMITT) Analysis Set at EOIV.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the mMITT (Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at end of inpatient intravenous therapy (EOIV). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after administration of the last dose of inpatient IV study drug.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	3
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the MITT Analysis Set at Late Follow-Up (LFU)

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the MITT (Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at late follow-up (LFU). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 35 to 42 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	33
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	26

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the MITT Analysis Set at TOC

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the MITT (Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at test-of-cure (TOC). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 21 to 28 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	34
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	28

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at Late Follow-Up (LFU)

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the mMITT (Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at late follow-up (LFU). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 35 to 42 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	3
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at Test of Cure (TOC)

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable clinical response of the patients in the mMITT (Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at test-of-cure (TOC). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 21 to 28 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	3
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the ME Analysis Set at EOIV.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	2
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the ME Analysis Set at LFU

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable microbiological response of the patients in the ME (Microbiologically Evaluable) Analysis Set at late follow-up (LFU). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 35 to 42 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	2
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the ME Analysis Set at TOC.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable microbiological response of the patients in the ME (Microbiologically Evaluable) Analysis Set at test-of-cure (TOC). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 21 to 28 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	2
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	1

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at EOIV.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable microbiological response of the patients in the mMITT (Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at end of inpatient intravenous therapy (EOIV). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: Within 72 hours after administration of the last dose of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	3
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	2

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at LFU.

The secondary efficacy outcome is favorable microbiological response of the patients in the mMITT (Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at late follow-up (LFU). The clinical outcome has three categories: Favorable clinical response, Clinical failure, and Indeterminate. (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 35 to 42 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	3
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	2

Number of Participants With Infection-related Mortality in the MITT Analysis Set at LFU

The secondary efficacy outcome is infection-related mortality of the patients in the MITT (Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at late follow-up (LFU). (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 35 to 42 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	0
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	0

Number of Participants With Infection-related Mortality in the MITT Analysis Set at TOC

The secondary efficacy outcome is infection-related mortality of the patients in the MITT (Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at test-of-cure (TOC). (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 21 to 28 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	0
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	0

Number of Participants With Infection-related Mortality in the mMITT Analysis Set at LFU.

The secondary efficacy outcome is infection-related mortality of the patients in the mMITT (Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at late follow-up (LFU). (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 35 to 42 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	0
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	0

Number of Participants With Infection-related Mortality the mMITT Analysis Set at TOC

The secondary efficacy outcome is infection-related mortality of the patients in the mMITT (Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat) Analysis Set at test-of-cure (TOC). (NCT03485950)
Timeframe: 21 to 28 days after the start of inpatient IV study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Arm	0
Standard of Care (SOC) Arm	0

Percentage of Participants Who Discontinued Treatment Due to an AE

Participants chose to discontinue treatment or were discontinued from the study by the investigator due to any untoward effects, or for safety reasons such as an AE. The investigator determined whether or not the AE caused the test drug to be discontinued. (NCT01370616)
Timeframe: Up to day 28

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	4.0
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	5.8

Percentage of Participants With Both Favorable Clinical and Microbiological Response Assessments at FUA Day 10 of Post-antibiotic Study Therapy

The investigator assessed participants for both a favorable clinical response (clinical improvement or cure) and a favorable microbiological response (eradication or presumptive eradication). Clinical improvement means that most pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection, had resolved, and no further IV antibiotic therapy is required. Cure means that all pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection had resolved, and no further IV antibiotic therapy was required. Eradication means that the original pathogen was absent from the last available culture obtained from the original site of infection. Presumptive eradication means that the participant showed cure or improvement and no appropriate material is available to follow-up culture from the original site of infection, or collection of such a specimen would cause undue discomfort. (NCT01370616)
Timeframe: Day 15 up to Day 38

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	86.3
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	89.9

Percentage of Participants With Drug-related AEs

A drug-related AE is any AE caused by the test drug as determined by an investigator who is a qualified physician. Drug-relatedness of the AE was assessed by evidence that the participant was actually exposed to the test drug, whether the AE followed a reasonable temporal sequence from administration of the test drug, and whether or not the AE was more reasonably explained by another source. (NCT01370616)
Timeframe: Up to day 42

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	13.5
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	16.0

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response Assessments at Day 5 of IV Study Therapy

The investigator assessed participants for a favorable clinical response, defined as clinical improvement or cure. Clinical improvement means that most pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection, in particular fever, lympangitis, and purulent drainage had resolved, and no further IV antibiotic therapy was required. Cure means that all pretherapy signs and symptoms of the index infection had resolved, and no further IV antibiotic therapy was required. (NCT01370616)
Timeframe: Day 5

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	96.2
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	97.7

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response Assessments at Discontinuation of Intravenous (IV) Study Therapy (DCIV)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	93.6
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	97.3

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response Assessments at Follow-up Assessment (FUA) Day 10 of Post-antibiotic Study Therapy

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	92.2
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	94.4

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response Assessments at FUA Day 10 of Post-antibiotic Study Therapy

The investigator assessed participants for a favorable microbiological response, defined as eradication or presumptive eradication. Eradication means that the original pathogen was absent from the last available culture of an adequate specimen obtained from the original site of infection. Presumptive eradication means that the participant showed cure or improvement and no appropriate material is available to follow-up culture from the original site of infection, or collection of such a specimen would cause undue discomfort. (NCT01370616)
Timeframe: Day 15 up to Day 38

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	86.4
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	89.9

Percentage of Participants With One or More Adverse Events (AEs)

An AE is any unfavorable and unintended change in the structure, function, or chemistry of the body that is temporally associated with the use of the investigational product, whether or not considered related to the use of the medicinal product. This also includes any change in frequency and/or intensity of a preexisting condition which is temporally associated with the use of the medicinal product. (NCT01370616)
Timeframe: Up to day 42

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	64.0
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	56.7

Percentage of Participants With Serious AEs (SAEs)

A SAE is an AE occurring at any dose that resulted in any of the following: death, was life threatening, a persistent or significant disability/incapacity, prolonged an existing inpatient hospitalization, was a congenital anomaly/birth defect in an offspring, was a cancer, an overdose, or other important medical events requiring medical or surgical intervention. (NCT01370616)
Timeframe: Up to day 42

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
Ertapenem Sodium	6.2
Piperacillin/Tazobactam Sodium	4.4

Number of Participants With Adverse Events

Any harmful, undesirable, potentially serious and life threatening effects occurring during or after administration of the antibiotics proposed in this study (piperacillin / tazobactam, imipenem or meropenem), was evaluated as: none or adverse event classified according to the intensity of the clinical manifestation (severity) as: mild, moderate or severe and for each antibiotic. (NCT03019965)
Timeframe: Number of participants with adverse events evaluated by an physician at the time of administration of antibiotics, up to an average to 24 hours after the study drug cessation.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Intermittent. Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Imipenem, Meropenem	1
Prolonged Infusion. Continuous Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Extended Imipenem, Extended Meropenem	3

Number of Participants With Clinical Response

"Resolution. Disappearance of all signs and symptoms related to the infection.~Failure. Insufficient lessening of the signs and symptoms of infection to qualify as improvement, including death or indeterminate (no evaluation possible, for any reason)." (NCT03019965)
Timeframe: Number of participants with clinical response at 14 days after antibiotic cessation, up to an average of 28 days or the day of your discharge if this occurred before 14 days after antibiotic cessation.

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Intermittent. Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Imipenem, Meropenem	178
Prolonged Infusion. Continuous Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Extended Imipenem, Extended Meropenem	169

Number of Patients With a Response of Clinical Cure in Various Protocol Populations

mMITT (NCT02753946)
Timeframe: TOC Visit (Day 19)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
ZTI-01	167
Piperacillin Tazobactam	163

Number of Patients With a Response of Microbiologic Eradication

mMITT (NCT02753946)
Timeframe: TOC Visit (Day 19)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
ZTI-01	121
Piperacillin Tazobactam	100

Number of Patients With an Overall Success

Clinical cure (resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms) and microbiologic eradication (baseline pathogen) in m-MITT population (NCT02753946)
Timeframe: TOC Visit (Day 19)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
ZTI-01	119
Piperacillin Tazobactam	97

Clinical Cure at Day 7 of Therapy Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens

Clinical cure is the resolution of infection-related symptoms at day 7 of therapy, including normalization of body temperature and white blood cell (WBC) count and taking the patient off mechanical ventilation or vasopressors, and non-initiation of a new antibiotic within 48 hours of stopping the original antibiotic. (NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	0
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	5

Clinical Cure at the End of Therapy Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens

Clinical cure is the resolution of infection-related symptoms at the end of therapy, including normalization of body temperature and white blood cell (WBC) count and taking the patient off mechanical ventilation or vasopressors, and non-initiation of a new antibiotic within 48 hours of stopping the original antibiotic. End of therapy could occur up to 4 weeks after enrollment. (NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	3
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	8

Gram-negative Bacterial Resistance Emergence Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens

Bacterial resistance is defined as new numeric increases (>/=2 fold) in the bacterial MIC during the follow-up period compared to the baseline when starting beta-lactam therapy. MICs were collected from respiratory samples and compared from study enrollment to end of the follow-up period for at least a 2 fold increase in MIC. (NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Intervention	Bacteria isolates (Number)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	4
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	8

Hospital Length of Stay Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens.

(NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks (may extend beyond depending on patient length of stay in hospital)

Intervention	Days (Median)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	27
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	18

Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Length of Stay Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens

(NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks (may extend beyond depending on patient length of stay in ICU)

Intervention	Days (Median)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	23
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	9

Microbiologic Eradication Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens

Microbiologic eradication is defined as the absence of bacterial growth during the follow-up period with no subsequent positive culture from any site. Respiratory cultures during the follow up period were assessed for the absence of bacterial growth. (NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Intervention	Bacteria isolates (Number)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	1
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	4

Mortality Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens

(NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	2
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	2

Percent of Time Free Drug Concentrations Remain Above Four Multiples of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (%fT>4xMIC) in the Dosing Interval Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens

Beta-lactam bactericidal efficacy depends upon the percentage of time that free drug concentrations remain above the minimum inhibitory concentration (%fT>MIC) of the pathogen within the dosing interval. Pre-clinical animal studies demonstrate 40-70% fT>MIC is needed for adequate bacterial killing. However, clinical studies suggest higher exposures may be needed, potentially 100%fT>MIC to 100%fT>4xMIC. Patients had beta-lactam concentrations measured as part of therapeutic drug monitoring. Drug exposures were determined using a Bayesian-based software. Infusion arms were compared to determine if %fT>4xMIC was different between infusion arms. (NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Intervention	Percentage of time (Median)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	100
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	100

Percent of Time Free Drug Concentrations Remain Above the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (%fT>MIC) in the Dosing Interval Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens

Beta-lactam bactericidal efficacy depends upon the percentage of time that free drug concentrations remain above the minimum inhibitory concentration (%fT>MIC) of the pathogen within the dosing interval. Pre-clinical animal studies demonstrate 40-70% fT>MIC is needed for adequate bacterial killing. However, clinical studies suggest higher exposures may be needed, potentially 100%fT>MIC to 100%fT>4xMIC. Patients had beta-lactam concentrations measured as part of therapeutic drug monitoring. Drug exposures were determined using a Bayesian-based software. Infusion arms were compared to determine if %fT>MIC was different between infusion arms. (NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Intervention	Percentage of time (Median)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	100
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	100

Superinfection Between Patients Treated With Continuous and Intermittent Infusion Beta-lactam Regimens.

Superinfection is defined as the growth of resistant Gram-negative bacteria during the follow-up period which was not isolated in baseline culture. Respiratory cultures during the follow up period were assessed for Gram-negative isolates resistant to the beta-lactams of interest that were not present in the initial respiratory cultures. (NCT05102162)
Timeframe: 4 weeks

Intervention	Bacteria isolates (Number)
Continuous Antibiotic Dose Over 24 Hours Arm	0
Intermittent Antibiotic Dose Over 30 Minutes	0

Percentage of Participants Discontinuing Study Drug Due to an AE

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. An AE was any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with use of a medicinal product, regardless of whether or not considered related to the medicinal product. The percentage of participants that had study drug discontinued during the study due to an AE was summarized. (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Up to 7 days after the first dose of study drug

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	1.8

Percentage of Participants Who Report 1 or More Adverse Event (AE)

An AE was defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the treatment. An AE was any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with use of a medicinal product, regardless of whether or not it was considered related to the medicinal product. The percentage of participants that reported at least 1 AE was summarized. (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Up to 42 days post first dose of study drug

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	58.8

Percentage of Participants With a Composite Response of Both Eradication and Clinical Cure at TOC

The percentage of participants that met requirements for both eradication and clinical cure at TOC was summarized. (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 14 (14 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	80.7

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response of Clinical Cure at EOT

"The Investigator classified clinical outcome as clinical cure, clinical failure, or indeterminate. A favorable clinical response is clinical cure defined as complete resolution of, marked improvement in (where clinical improvement was defined as a reduction in severity of all baseline signs and symptoms with worsening of none and with no requirement for additional antibiotic therapy after EOT), or return to pre-infection signs and symptoms and no use of additional or nonstudy antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of the current UTI. Outcomes reported as indeterminate were excluded. Percentage of participants with clinical response of clinical cure at EOT was summarized" (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 7 (7 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	97.8

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response of Clinical Cure at LFU

"The Investigator classified clinical outcome as clinical cure, clinical failure, or indeterminate. A favorable clinical response is clinical cure defined as complete resolution of, marked improvement in (where clinical improvement was defined as a reduction in severity of all baseline signs and symptoms with worsening of none and with no requirement for additional antibiotic therapy after EOT), or return to pre-infection signs and symptoms and no use of additional or nonstudy antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of the current UTI. Outcomes reported as indeterminate were excluded. Percentage of participants with clinical response of clinical cure at LFU was summarized." (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 42 (42 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	78.2

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response of Clinical Cure at TOC

"The Investigator classified clinical outcome as clinical cure, clinical failure, or indeterminate. A favorable clinical response is clinical cure defined as complete resolution of, marked improvement in (where clinical improvement was defined as a reduction in severity of all baseline signs and symptoms with worsening of none and with no requirement for additional antibiotic therapy after EOT), or return to pre-infection signs and symptoms and no use of additional or nonstudy antimicrobial therapy for the treatment of the current UTI. Outcomes reported as indeterminate were excluded. Percentage of participants with clinical response of clinical cure at TOC was summarized" (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 14 (14 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	96.6

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response of Eradication at End Of Therapy (EOT)

"The per-pathogen microbiological outcome was determined for each uropathogen isolated at baseline at EOT (7 days post first dose of study drug). Microbiological outcome was classified as eradication, persistence or indeterminate. A successful microbiological response was eradication which was defined as urine culture showed all uropathogens found at baseline at ≥10^5 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. If the outcome for any uropathogen was persistence (CFU/mL not reduced the result was classified as unsuccessful. Participants with responses reported as indeterminate were excluded." (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 7 (7 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	100.0

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response of Eradication at Late Follow-up (LFU)

"The per-pathogen microbiological outcome was determined for each uropathogen isolated at baseline at LFU (42 days post first dose of study drug). Microbiological outcome was classified as eradication, persistence or indeterminate. A successful microbiological response was eradication which was defined as urine culture showed all uropathogens found at baseline at ≥10^5 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. If the outcome for any uropathogen was persistence (CFU/mL not reduced the result was classified as unsuccessful. Participants with responses reported as indeterminate were excluded." (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 42 (42 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	61.0

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response of Eradication at Test of Cure (TOC)

"The per-pathogen microbiological outcome was determined for each uropathogen isolated at baseline at TOC (14 days post first dose). Microbiological outcome was classified as eradication, persistence or indeterminate. A successful microbiological response was eradication which was defined as urine culture showed all uropathogens found at baseline at ≥10^5 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. If the outcome for any uropathogen was persistence (CFU/mL not reduced the result was classified as unsuccessful. Participants with responses reported as indeterminate were excluded." (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 14 (14 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
MK-7625A	80.7

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response of Eradication by Pathogen at LFU

"The per-pathogen microbiological outcome was determined for each uropathogen isolated at baseline. Microbiological outcome was classified as Eradication, Persistence or Indeterminate. A successful microbiological response was Eradication which was defined as urine culture showed the specific pathogen found at baseline at ≥10^5 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL was reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. If the outcome for any uropathogen was persistence (CFU/mL not reduced the result was classified as a failure. Outcomes reported as indeterminate were excluded. The percentage of participants that achieved eradication for each uropathogen LFU (42 days post first dose of study drug) was summarized.~." (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 42 (42 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
	Citrobacter koseri	Enterobacter aerogenes	Escherichia coli	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Proteus mirabilis	Proteus vulgaris	Pseudomonas aeruginosa
MK-7625A	100.0	100.0	62.9	37.5	66.7	100.0	100.0

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response of Eradication by Pathogen at TOC

"The per-pathogen microbiological outcome was determined for each uropathogen isolated at baseline. Microbiological outcome was classified as Eradication, Persistence or Indeterminate. A successful microbiological response was Eradication which was defined as urine culture showed the specific pathogen found at baseline at ≥10^5 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL was reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. If the outcome for any uropathogen was persistence (CFU/mL not reduced), the result was classified as a failure. Outcomes reported as indeterminate were excluded. The percentage of participants that achieved eradication for each uropathogen at TOC (14 days post first dose of study drug) was summarized." (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 14 (14 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
	Citrobacter koseri	Enterobacter aerogenes	Escherichia coli	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Proteus mirabilis	Proteus vulgaris	Pseudomonas aeruginosa
MK-7625A	100.0	100.0	82.9	42.9	100.0	100.0	100.0

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response of Eradication, by Pathogen at EOT

"The per-pathogen microbiological outcome was determined for each uropathogen isolated at baseline. Microbiological outcome was classified as Eradication, Persistence or Indeterminate. A successful microbiological response was Eradication which was defined as urine culture showed the specific pathogen found at baseline at ≥10^5 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL was reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL. If the outcome for any uropathogen was persistence (CFU/mL not reduced the result was classified as a failure. Outcomes reported as indeterminate were excluded. The percentage of participants that achieved eradication for each uropathogen at EOT (7 days post first dose of study drug) was summarized." (NCT02728089)
Timeframe: Day 7 (7 days post first dose of study drug)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
	Enterobacter aerogenes	Escherichia coli	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Proteus mirabilis	Proteus vulgaris	Pseudomonas aeruginosa
MK-7625A	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0

Percentage of Participants Discontinuing Study Drug Due to AEs

The percentage of participants withdrawing from study therapy due to an AE was determined. (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Up to Day 14

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	0.0

Percentage of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs)

The percentage of participants with ≥1 AEs was determined. An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a clinical study participant, temporally associated with the use of study intervention, whether or not considered related to the study intervention. (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Up to Day 42 (up to 28 days after completing study therapy)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	62.0

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate) at End Of Therapy (EOT)

"The percentage of participants with clinical responses (cure, failure, or indeterminate) at EOT was determined. Clinical cure was defined as complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required. Clinical failure was defined as death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care. Indeterminate was defined as study data are not available for evaluation for any reason, including death during the study period unrelated to the index infection; or extenuating circumstances that preclude classification as cure or failure." (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Up to Day 14

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Success	Failure	Indeterminate
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	94.6	5.4	0.0

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate) at Late Follow-Up (LFU)

"The percentage of participants with clinical responses (cure, failure, or indeterminate) at LFU was determined. Clinical cure was defined as complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required. Clinical failure was defined as death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care. Indeterminate was defined as study data are not available for evaluation for any reason, including death during the study period unrelated to the index infection; or extenuating circumstances that preclude classification as cure or failure." (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Up to Day 42 (28 days after completing study therapy)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Success	Failure	Indeterminate
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	90.6	9.4	0.0

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate) at Test of Cure (TOC)

"The percentage of participants with clinical responses (cure, failure, or indeterminate) at TOC was determined. Clinical cure was defined as complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required. Clinical failure was defined as death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care. Indeterminate was defined as study data are not available for evaluation for any reason, including death during the study period unrelated to the index infection; or extenuating circumstances that preclude classification as cure or failure." (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Day 28 (28 days after initiating study therapy)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Success	Failure	Indeterminate
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	92.0	8.0	0.0

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response (Eradication, Persistence, or Indeterminate) at EOT

"The percentage of participants with microbiological responses (eradication, persistence, or indeterminate) at EOT was determined. Eradication was defined as absence of the baseline pathogen in a specimen. Persistence was defined as presence of the baseline pathogen in a specimen. Indeterminate was defined as Baseline culture either not obtained or has an assessment of no growth, or any other circumstance that makes it impossible to define the microbiological response." (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Up to Day 14

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Eradication	Persistence	Indeterminate
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	93.8	6.2	0.0

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response (Eradication, Persistence, or Indeterminate) at TOC

"The percentage of participants with microbiological response (eradication, persistence, or indeterminate) at TOC was determined. Eradication was defined as absence of the baseline pathogen in a specimen. Persistence was defined as presence of the baseline pathogen in a specimen. Indeterminate was defined as Baseline culture either not obtained or has an assessment of no growth, or any other circumstance that makes it impossible to define the microbiological response." (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Day 28 (28 days after initiating study therapy)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Eradication	Persistence	Indeterminate
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	90.2	9.8	0.0

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response (Eradication, Persistence, or Indeterminate) by Pathogen at EOT

The percentage of participants with per-pathogen microbiological responses at EOT was determined. Individual pathogens were identified at baseline, and the overall percentage of participants with eradication or presumed eradication within each pathogen category are shown. (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Up to Day 14

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Gram-Negative Aerobes	Gram-Positive Aerobes	Gram-Negative Anaerobes	Gram-Positive Anaerobes
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	94.5	95.0	97.7	90.5

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response (Eradication, Persistence, or Indeterminate) by Pathogen at TOC

The percentage of participants with per-pathogen microbiological responses at TOC was determined. Individual pathogens were identified at baseline, and the overall percentage of participants with eradication or presumed eradication within each pathogen category are shown. (NCT02739997)
Timeframe: Day 28 (28 days after initiating study therapy)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Gram-Negative Aerobes	Gram-Positive Aerobes	Gram-Negative Anaerobes	Gram-Positive Anaerobes
MK-7625A + Metronidazole	90.6	89.5	95.2	85.0

Percentage of Cured Participants as Determined by the Data Review Committee (DRC) at Test of Cure Visit in the Intent to Treat (ITT) Population

"Clinical response was evaluated by the DRC and graded as cure, failure or indeterminate at the TOC visit. Members of the DRC were provided with subject data from the study database that included clinical signs and symptoms at each visit, concomitant medication, microbiology results, laboratory tests and interpretation of photographs." (NCT00402727)
Timeframe: 14 - 28 days after last dose of study medication

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	82.2
PIP/TAZ-AMC	80.9

Percentage of Cured Participants as Determined by the Data Review Committee (DRC) at Test of Cure Visit in the Per Protocol (PP) Population

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	88.6
PIP/TAZ-AMC	89.6

Percentage of Participants Assessed as Improvements by the Data Review Committee (DRC) at the During Treatment Day 3-5 in the Intent to Treat (ITT) Population

"Clinical response was evaluated by the investigator and graded as improvement in signs and symptoms, or failure to respond, or indeterminate at Day 3 to 5 after treatment start based on subject data for clinical signs and symptoms at each visit, concomitant medication, microbiology results, laboratory tests and interpretation of photographs" (NCT00402727)
Timeframe: 3 - 5 days after start of treatment

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	97.2
PIP/TAZ-AMC	95.8

Percentage of Participants Assessed as Improvements by the Data Review Committee (DRC) at the During Treatment Day 3-5 in the Per Protocol (PP) Population

"Clinical response was evaluated by the investigator and graded as improvement in signs and symptoms, or failure to respond, or indeterminate at Day 3 to 5 after treatment start based on subject data for clinical signs and symptoms at each visit, concomitant medication, microbiology results, laboratory tests and interpretation of photographs." (NCT00402727)
Timeframe: 3 - 5 days after start of treatment

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	98.3
PIP/TAZ-AMC	99.0

Percentage of Participants Assessed as Resolution by the Data Review Committee (DRC) at End of Therapy in the Intent to Treat (ITT) Population

"Clinical response was evaluated by the investigator and graded as resolution, or failure to respond, or indeterminate at the end of therapy based on subject data for clinical signs and symptoms at each visit, concomitant medication, microbiology results, laboratory tests and interpretation of photographs." (NCT00402727)
Timeframe: after 7 - 21 days of treatment

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	92.3
PIP/TAZ-AMC	90.7

Percentage of Participants Assessed as Resolution by the Data Review Committee (DRC) at End of Therapy in the Per Protocol (PP) Population

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	95.3
PIP/TAZ-AMC	95.1

Percentage of Participants With Bacteriological Success (BS) After 14 - 28 Days After Last Dose of Study Medication in the ITT Population With Causative Organisms

BS is presumed eradication or eradication without recurrence, super- or reinfection. Presumed eradication was defined as clinical cure in absence of a culture, eradication as a negative culture, recurrence as reappearance of organism present at start of study; super-, reinfection as appearance of a new organism during/after treatment. (NCT00402727)
Timeframe: 14 - 28 days after last dose of study medication

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	78.9
PIP/TAZ-AMC	79.0

Percentage of Participants With Bacteriological Success (BS) After 14 - 28 Days After Last Dose of Study Medication in the Microbiological Valid (MBV) Population

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	84.3
PIP/TAZ-AMC	87.2

Percentage of Participants With Bacteriological Success (BS) After 7 - 21 Days of Treatment in the ITT Population With Causative Organisms

Bacteriological success is presumed eradication or eradication without recurrence or superinfection. Presumed eradication was defined as clinical cure in absence of a culture, eradication as a negative culture, recurrence as reappearance of organism present at start of study, superinfection as appearance of a new organism. (NCT00402727)
Timeframe: after 7 - 21 days of treatment

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	84.0
PIP/TAZ-AMC	87.9

Percentage of Participants With Bacteriological Success (BS) After 7 - 21 Days of Treatment in the Microbiological Valid (MBV) Population

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	85.8
PIP/TAZ-AMC	91.4

Percentage of Participants With Bacteriological Success (BS) at 3 to 5 Days After Start of Treatment in the ITT Population With Causative Organisms

Bacteriological success was defined as presumed eradication or eradication without superinfection. Presumed eradication was defined as clinical cure in absence of a culture, eradication as a negative culture, superinfection as appearance of a new organism. (NCT00402727)
Timeframe: 3 - 5 days after start of treatment

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	54.6
PIP/TAZ-AMC	63.1

Percentage of Participants With Bacteriological Success (BS) at 3 to 5 Days After Start of Treatment in the Microbiological Valid (MBV) Population

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Moxifloxacin	55.2
PIP/TAZ-AMC	63.8

Percentage of Participants Discontinuing Study Therapy Due to an AE

An AE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product and which does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Up to 14 days

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	5.6
PIP/TAZ	8.2

Percentage of Participants in the CE Population With a FCR at Day 28

"The percentage of participants with a FCR at Day 28 was determined for each arm. Favorable clinical response at Day 28 was defined as either sustained cure (all pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved [or returned to pre-infection status] with no evidence of resurgence and no additional antibiotics are required) or cure (all pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved [or returned to pre-infection status] and no additional antibiotics are required)." (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Day 28

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	70.5
PIP/TAZ	75.6

Percentage of Participants in the CE Population With a FCR at EFU Visit

"The percentage of participants with a FCR at EFU was determined for each arm. Favorable clinical response at EFU was defined as either sustained cure (all pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved [or returned to pre-infection status] with no evidence of resurgence and no additional antibiotics are required) or cure (all pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved [or returned to pre-infection status] and no additional antibiotics are required)." (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Up to 16 days after end of therapy (up to Day 30)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	74.3
PIP/TAZ	79.4

Percentage of Participants in the CE Population With a FCR at EOT Visit

"The percentage of participants with a FCR at EOT was determined for each arm. Favorable clinical response at EOT was defined as either cure (all pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have resolved [or returned to pre-infection status] and no additional antibiotics are required) or improved (the majority of pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have improved or resolved [or returned to pre-infection status] and no additional antibiotics are required)." (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: From Day 7 to Day 14

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	84.7
PIP/TAZ	85.3

Percentage of Participants in the CE Population With a FCR at OTX2 (Day 6)

"The percentage of participants with a FCR at OTX2 was determined for each arm. Favorable clinical response at OTX2 was defined as improved (majority of pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have improved or resolved [or returned to pre-infection status])." (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Day 6 (OTX2)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	85.5
PIP/TAZ	87.8

Percentage of Participants in the CE Population With a FCR at OTX3 (Day 10)

"The percentage of participants with a FCR at OTX3 was determined for each arm. Favorable clinical response at OTX3 was defined as improved (majority of pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have improved or resolved [or returned to pre-infection status])." (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Day 10 (OTX3)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	89.6
PIP/TAZ	83.6

Percentage of Participants in the Clinically Evaluable (CE) Population With a FCR at On-therapy Visit 1 (OTX1) [Day 3]

"The percentage of participants with a FCR at OTX1 was determined for each arm. Favorable clinical response at OTX1 was defined as improved (majority of pre-therapy signs and symptoms of the index infection have improved or resolved [or returned to pre-infection status])." (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Day 3 (OTX1)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	70.8
PIP/TAZ	72.8

Percentage of Participants in the ME Population With a FMR at EFU Visit

"The percentage of participants with a FMR at EOT was determined for each arm. Favorable microbiological response at EOT was defined as either eradication (a lower respiratory tract culture taken at EOT showing eradication of baseline pathogen) or presumed eradication (no specimen collected because the participant deemed clinically cured or improved)." (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Up to 16 days after end of therapy (up to Day 30)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	89.9
PIP/TAZ	86.4

Percentage of Participants in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population With a FMR at EOT Visit

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	87.1
PIP/TAZ	85.5

Percentage of Participants in the MITT Population With a Favorable Clinical Response (FCR) at Early Follow-up (EFU) Visit

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	61.0
PIP/TAZ	55.8

Percentage of Participants in the MITT Population With a FCR at Day 28

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	51.9
PIP/TAZ	50.6

Percentage of Participants in the MITT Population With a FCR at EOT

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	74.2
PIP/TAZ	69.7

Percentage of Participants in the MITT Population With a FCR at OTX1 (Day 3)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	68.0
PIP/TAZ	64.7

Percentage of Participants in the MITT Population With a FCR at OTX2 (Day 6)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	83.5
PIP/TAZ	83.1

Percentage of Participants in the MITT Population With a FCR at OTX3 (Day 10)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	83.5
PIP/TAZ	80.4

Percentage of Participants in the mMITT Population With a Favorable Microbiological Response (FMR) at End of Treatment (EOT) Visit

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	77.2
PIP/TAZ	67.9

Percentage of Participants in the mMITT Population With a FMR at EFU Visit

"The percentage of participants with a FMR at EFU was determined for each arm. Favorable microbiological response at EOT was defined as either eradication (a lower respiratory tract culture taken at EFU showing eradication of baseline pathogen) or presumed eradication (no specimen collected because the participant deemed clinically cured or improved)." (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Up to 16 days after end of therapy (up to Day 30)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	67.9
PIP/TAZ	61.9

Percentage of Participants With ≥1 Adverse Event (AE)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	85.0
PIP/TAZ	86.6

Percentage of Participants With ACM at EFU in the MITT Population

The percentage of participants in the MITT population with mortality due to any cause from randomization through EFU was determined for each arm. (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Up to 16 days after end of therapy (up to 30 days)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	14.8
PIP/TAZ	19.5

Percentage of Participants With ACM at EFU in the mMITT Population

The percentage of participants in the mMITT population with mortality due to any cause from randomization through EFU was determined for each arm. (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Up to 16 days after end of therapy (up to 30 days)

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	15.3
PIP/TAZ	18.3

Percentage of Participants With ACM in the Microbiological Modified Intention-to-treat (mMITT) Population

The percentage of participants in the mMITT population with mortality due to any cause from randomization through Day 28 was determined for each arm. (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	16.7
PIP/TAZ	20.2

Percentage of Participants With All-cause Mortality (ACM) Through Day 28 in the Modified Intention-to-treat (MITT) Population

The percentage of participants in the MITT population with mortality due to any cause from randomization through Day 28 was determined for each arm. (NCT02493764)
Timeframe: Up to 28 days

Intervention	Percentage of participants (Number)
IMI/REL	15.9
PIP/TAZ	21.3

Clinical Response of CXA 101/Tazobactam and Metronidazole at Test of Cure (TOC) Visit in the Microbiological Modified Intent to Treat (mMITT) Analysis Population

Clinical response is complete resolution or significant improvement of all signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure was required for the index infection. (NCT01147640)
Timeframe: Test-of-Cure Visit (7-14 days after End of Therapy [EOT])

Intervention	percentage of subjects (Number)
CXA 101/Tazobactam and Metronidazole	83.6
Meropenem With Matching Saline Placebo	96.0

Microbiological Response of CXA 101/Tazobactam and Metronidazole at the TOC Visit in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population

Microbiological response is eradication (absence of the baseline pathogen from a suitable intra-abdominal specimen) or presumed eradication (absence of a suitable intra-abdominal specimen to culture at the TOC visit in a subject who is assessed as a clinical cure at TOC) (NCT01147640)
Timeframe: Test-of-Cure Visit (7-14 days after EOT)

Intervention	percentage of subjects (Number)
CXA 101/Tazobactam and Metronidazole	90.6
Meropenem With Matching Saline Placebo	95.8

Piperacillin Pharmacokinetics (PK)

To study how Piperacillin is metabolized in the body by measuring the drug concentration in plasma samples collected at different time points during the study (NCT00873327)
Timeframe: 2-3 days after infant receives 1st drug dosing

Intervention	L/hr/kg (Median)
PK Analysis Cohort - Piperacillin Plasma Clearance	0.0799

Incidence of Long-term Complications in Medical Therapy Group

Incidence of long-term complications will be reported as number of cases where appendicitis reoccurred resulting in appendectomies in participants of the medical therapy arm. This data will be obtained from medical record review. (NCT02991937)
Timeframe: 1 Year

Intervention	Number of cases in 20 participants (Number)
Medical Therapy	30

Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Generic Core Scale - Parent

Brief, standardized, generic assessment instrument that systematically assesses patients' and parents' perceptions of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in pediatric patients with chronic health conditions using pediatric cancer as an exemplary model. PedsQL consists of 23 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale (0=never to 4=almost always). Items are reversed scored and linearly transformed to a 0-100 scale (0=100, 1=75, 2=50, 3=25, and 4=0). The total score range is 0-100; the higher the score, the better the HRQOL. (NCT02991937)
Timeframe: 1 Year

Intervention	score on a scale (Median)
Medical Therapy	91.3
Surgical Intervention	90.2

Readmission Rates

Percentage of patients readmitted to the hospital after discharge. (NCT02991937)
Timeframe: 1 Year

Intervention	percentage of participants (Number)
Medical Therapy	25
Surgical Intervention	0

Ceftolozane Area Under the Curve (AUC) in Tissue

"The ceftolozane AUC in tissue from 16 to 24 hours.~Note. Ceftolozane/tazobactam doses were administered at 0, 8, and 16 hours. Dialysate concentrations were determined at hours 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 hours after the first dose for determination of ceftolozane AUC." (NCT02620774)
Timeframe: 16 to 24 hours post-dose

Intervention	µg•h/mL (Median)
Diabetic Wound Infection	121.5
Healthy Volunteer	130.6

Ceftolozane Tissue Penetration

"The ratio of ceftolozane tissue concentration area under the curve (AUC) to plasma concentrations AUC following the final (i.e., 3rd) ceftolozane/tazobactam dose.~Note. Ceftolozane/tazobactam doses were administered at 0, 8, and 16 hours. Plasma and dialysate concentrations were determined at hours 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 hours after the first dose for determination of ceftolozane AUC in blood and tissue." (NCT02620774)
Timeframe: 16-24 hours

Intervention	ratio (Median)
Diabetic Wound Infection	0.75
Healthy Volunteer	0.87

Ceftolozane Total Drug AUC in Plasma

"The ceftolozane total drug AUC in plasma over 16 to 24 hours~Note. Ceftolozane/tazobactam doses were administered at 0, 8, and 16 hours. Plasma concentrations were determined at hours 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 hours after the first dose for determination of ceftolozane AUC." (NCT02620774)
Timeframe: 16 to 24 hours post-dose

Intervention	µg•h/mL (Median)
Diabetic Wound Infection	191.6
Healthy Volunteer	191.3

Number of Participants With Adverse Events

Number of reported or documented adverse events recorded during participation in the study. (NCT02620774)
Timeframe: Duration of study (34 hours)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Diabetic Wound Infection	1
Healthy Volunteer	0

Tazobactam AUC in Tissue

"The tazobactam AUC in tissue over 16 to 24 hours~Note. Ceftolozane/tazobactam doses were administered at 0, 8, and 16 hours. Dialysate concentrations were determined at hours 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 hours after the first dose for determination of tazobactam AUC." (NCT02620774)
Timeframe: 16 to 24 hours post-dose

Intervention	µg•h/mL (Median)
Diabetic Wound Infection	15.8
Healthy Volunteer	13.8

Tazobactam Tissue Penetration

"The ratio of tazobactam tissue concentration area under the curve (AUC) to plasma concentration AUC following the final (3rd) ceftolozane/tazobactam dose.~Note. Ceftolozane/tazobactam doses were administered at 0, 8, and 16 hours. Plasma and dialysate concentrations were determined at hours 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 hours after the first dose for determination of tazobactam AUC in blood and tissue." (NCT02620774)
Timeframe: 16-24 hours

Intervention	ratio (Median)
Diabetic Wound Infection	1.18
Healthy Volunteer	0.85

Tazobactam Total Drug AUC in Plasma

"The tazobactam total drug AUC in plasma over 16 to 24 hours~Note. Ceftolozane/tazobactam doses were administered at 0, 8, and 16 hours. Plasma concentrations were determined at hours 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 hours after the first dose for determination of tazobactam AUC." (NCT02620774)
Timeframe: 16 to 24 hours post-dose

Intervention	µg•h/mL (Median)
Diabetic Wound Infection	27.1
Healthy Volunteer	22.2

Ceftolozane Clearance

This outcome determines the clearance of ceftolozane over the 8 hour dosing interval. (NCT02421120)
Timeframe: 0, 1-1.08, 1.25-1.5, 2-3, 4-5, and 7-8 hours after start of final dose

Intervention	Liters per hour (Mean)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	4.76

Ceftolozane Probability of Target Attainment at 8 mcg/ml

This simulated outcome indicates the likelihood that ceftolozane will retain drug concentrations above the MIC for >/= 60% of the dosing interval at an MIC of 8 mcg/ml when administered as a 3g (2g ceftolozane/1g tazobactam) every 8 hour dose infused over 1 hour. This analysis is conducted via a Monte Carlo simulation using the population pharmacokinetic parameter estimates and dispersion from the 20 participants who contributed pharmacokinetic data to the study. (NCT02421120)
Timeframe: 24 hours

Intervention	percent of simulated population (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	97.1

Ceftolozane Volume of Distribution (Central Compartment)

This outcome determines the volume of distribution of ceftolozane over the 8 hour dosing interval. (NCT02421120)
Timeframe: 0, 1-1.08, 1.25-1.5, 2-3, 4-5, and 7-8 hours after start of final dose

Intervention	Liters (Mean)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	7.51

Tazobactam Clearance

This outcome determines the clearance of tazobactam over the 8 hour dosing interval. (NCT02421120)
Timeframe: 0, 1-1.08, 1.25-1.5, 2-3, 4-5, and 7-8 hours after start of final dose

Intervention	Liters per hour (Mean)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	20.51

Tazobactam Volume of Distribution (Central Compartment)

This outcome determines the volume of distribution of tazobactam over the 8 hour dosing interval. (NCT02421120)
Timeframe: 0, 1-1.08, 1.25-1.5, 2-3, 4-5, and 7-8 hours after start of final dose

Intervention	Liters (Mean)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	7.85

Death

Number of Participants who experienced Death (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: Within 30 days after last dose of study drug, up to 40 days

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	5
Group 2	5
Group 3	7
Group 4	1
Group 5	0

Number of Participants Progressed to a Higher Stage of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC), if NEC is the Cause of the Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection

Progression is determined by the clinical NEC scoring (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	1
Group 2	2
Group 3	0
Group 4	1

Number of Participants With Feeding Intolerance

Feeding intolerance confirmed by documentation of any feedings held for >24 consecutive hours in infants being fed (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	24
Group 2	19
Group 3	21
Group 4	18

Number of Participants With Gastrointestinal Surgeries

Determined by medical history and confirmed with hospital records. (Laparotomy) (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	27
Group 2	15
Group 3	26
Group 4	10

Number of Participants With Grade 3 and/or Grade 4 Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH)

"Grade 3 IVH: Subependymal hemorrhage with extension into lateral ventricles with ventricular enlargement~Grade 4 IVH: Intraparenchymal hemorrhage" (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	2
Group 2	4
Group 3	4
Group 4	0

Number of Participants With Intestinal Perforation

"Intestinal perforation: Radiological reports leading to the diagnosis of intestinal perforation. These include plain chest x-rays, plain abdominal x-rays, ultra-sonograms of the abdomen, contrast studies, and computed tomography scans of the abdomen and pelvis.~Operative reports documenting surgical procedures leading to the diagnosis and/or treatment of intestinal perforation. These include placement of a surgical drain, laparotomy, intestinal resection, and ostomy placement" (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	2
Group 2	4
Group 3	2
Group 4	1

Number of Participants With Intestinal Stricture

"Intestinal stricture: Radiology reports leading to the diagnosis of intestinal stricture. These include plain abdominal x-rays, upper gastrointestinal series with small bowel follow-through, contrast enema studies, and computed tomography scans of the abdomen and pelvis.~Operative reports documenting surgical procedures leading to the diagnosis and/or treatment of intestinal stricture. These procedures include endoscopy, laparotomy, stricture dilatation, intestinal resection, and ostomy placement" (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	3
Group 2	2
Group 3	4
Group 4	1

Number of Participants With Positive Blood Cultures

Positive blood culture (bacterial or fungal) (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	8
Group 2	4
Group 3	12
Group 4	5

Number of Participants With Seizure

documented seizure(s) in hospital records (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	4
Group 2	0
Group 3	2
Group 4	1

Number of Participants With Short Bowel Syndrome

"Short bowel syndrome: Operative reports documenting resection of bowel, estimated bowel length, and absence/presence of the ileocecal valve.~Total parenteral nutrition for >42 consecutive days after bowel resection, or a residual small bowel length of less than 25% expected for gestational age" (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 90 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	5
Group 2	3
Group 3	1
Group 4	1

Number of Participants With Therapeutic Success at Day 30

"Confirmed by 1).Alive, 2).Negative bacterial blood cultures, and 3). Clinical cure score >4.~Clinical cure score =1 for each of the following elements:~FiO2 ≤ baseline FiO2; Urine output ≥1 mL/kg/h for 24-hour period prior to assessment; Absence of inotropic support at time of assessment; Absence of mechanical ventilation at time of assessment; No seizure in 24-hour period prior to assessment; pH ≥7.25 or not measured in 24 hours prior to assessment" (NCT01994993)
Timeframe: 30 days after last dose of study drug

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Group 1	45
Group 2	39
Group 3	52
Group 4	52

Unbound Ceftolozane Exposure in the CSF

Unbound Ceftolozane Exposure in the CSF given by the area under the unbound concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-inf). (NCT03309657)
Timeframe: "Samples collected from 0 to 8 hours post dose at 0, 1, 2,4,6, & 8 h post dose were use estimate area under the curve from time zero to infinity estimated by non-compartmental analysis"

Intervention	mg*h/L (Median)
Ceftolozane Tazobactam	30.2

Unbound Ceftolozane Exposure in the Plasma

Unbound Ceftolozane Exposure in the plasma given by the area under the unbound concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-inf). (NCT03309657)
Timeframe: "Samples collected from 0 to 8 hours post dose at 0, 1, 2,4,6, & 8 h post dose were use estimate area under the curve from time zero to infinity estimated by non-compartmental analysis"

Intervention	mg*h/L (Median)
Ceftolozane Tazobactam	322.6

Unbound Tazobactam Exposure in the CSF

Unbound Tazobactam Exposure in the CSF given by the area under the unbound concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-inf). (NCT03309657)
Timeframe: "Samples collected from 0 to 8 hours post dose at 0, 1, 2,4,6, & 8 h post dose were use estimate area under the curve from time zero to infinity estimated by non-compartmental analysis"

Intervention	mg*h/L (Median)
Ceftolozane Tazobactam	5.6

Unbound Tazobactam Exposure in the Plasma

Unbound Tazobactam Exposure in the plasma given by the area under the unbound concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity (AUC0-inf). (NCT03309657)
Timeframe: "Samples collected from 0 to 8 hours post dose at 0, 1, 2,4,6, & 8 h post dose were use estimate area under the curve from time zero to infinity estimated by non-compartmental analysis"

Intervention	mg*h/L (Median)
Ceftolozane Tazobactam	52.1

Percentage of Participants Discontinuing Study Drug Due to an Adverse Event (AE)

An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product that does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not related to the medicinal product. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: Up to 14 days after the first dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 15)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	10.2
Meropenem	11.7

Percentage of Participants Who Report 1 or More Adverse Event (AE)

An AE is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product that does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not related to the medicinal product. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: Up to 35 days after last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 50)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	85.9
Meropenem	83.3

Percentage of Participants With All Cause Mortality in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population - Day 28

To demonstrate the non-inferiority of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem in stratified adult participants with ventilated nosocomial pneumonia (VNP) (participants with either ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia [VABP] or ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia [HABP]) based on the difference in all-cause mortality rates in the intent to treat (ITT) population using a non-inferiority margin of 10%. The estimated adjusted percentage was a weighted average across all strata, constructed using Mehrotra-Railkar continuity-corrected minimum risk (MRc) stratum weights. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: Day 28

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	24.0
Meropenem	25.3

Percentage of Participants With All Cause Mortality in the Microbiological Intent-to-Treat (mITT) Population - Day 28

To compare the all cause mortality rates of participants in the ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem arms in microbiological intent-to-treat (mITT) population. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: Day 28

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	20.1
Meropenem	25.5

Percentage of Participants With All-Cause Mortality in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population - Day 14

To compare the all cause mortality rates of participants (ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem arms). Participants whose Day 14 mortality outcomes are missing or unknown are analysed as deceased. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: Day 14

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	14.1
Meropenem	12.9

Percentage of Participants With Any Serious Adverse Event (SAE)

A serious adverse event (SAE) is an AE that results in death, is life threatening, requires or prolongs an existing hospitalization, results in persistent or significant disability or incapacity, is a congenital anomaly or birth defect, or is another important medical event deemed such by medical or scientific judgment. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: Up to 35 days after last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 50)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	42.1
Meropenem	35.9

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response of Clinical Cure at the End-of-Therapy (EOT) Visit in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population

To compare the clinical response rates at the EOT visit for ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem. Clinical response at the EOT visit was defined as cure (complete resolution with no new signs of VNP), failure (progression, relapse or recurrence of VNP) or indeterminate (no evaluable study data). A favorable clinical response is a clinical cure. A missing clinical response will be considered indeterminate. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: Within 24 hours after last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 15)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	66.0
Meropenem	66.8

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response of Clinical Cure at the Late Follow-up (LFU) Visit in the Clinically Evaluable (CE) Population

"To compare the clinical response rates at the Late Follow-up (LFU) visit for ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem in the CE population. Clinical response at the LFU visit will be classified as sustained cure, relapse, or indeterminate only in participants deemed a clinical cure at the TOC visit. A favorable clinical response is sustained clinical cure." (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: 28 to 35 days after the last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 50)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	52.8
Meropenem	51.6

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response of Clinical Cure at the Test-of-Cure (TOC) Visit in the Clinically Evaluable (CE) Population

To compare the clinical response rates of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem in adult participants with VNP (participants with either ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia [VABP] or ventilated hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia [HABP]) at the TOC visit in the CE population. Clinical response at the TOC visit was defined as cure (complete resolution with no new signs of VNP), failure (progression, relapse or recurrence of VNP) or indeterminate (no evaluable study data). A favorable clinical response is a clinical cure. A missing clinical response will be considered indeterminate unless the clinical outcome at the EOT visit was failure. The data-as-observed (DAO) approach was used where participants with missing clinical responses, including indeterminate outcomes, are excluded from the analysis population. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: 7 to 14 days after last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 30)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	63.8
Meropenem	64.7

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response of Clinical Cure at the Test-of-Cure (TOC) Visit in the Intent-to-Treat (ITT) Population

To demonstrate the non-inferiority of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem in adult participants with ventilated nosocomial pneumonia (VNP) at the TOC visit (7 to 14 days after the end-of-therapy [EOT] visit) using a non-inferiority margin of 12.5%. Clinical response at the TOC visit was defined as cure (complete resolution with no new signs of VNP), failure (progression, relapse or recurrence of VNP) or indeterminate (no evaluable study data). A favorable clinical response is a clinical cure. A missing clinical response will be considered indeterminate unless the clinical outcome at the EOT visit was failure. The estimated adjusted percentage was a weighted average across all strata, constructed using Mehrotra-Railkar continuity-corrected minimum risk (MRc) stratum weights. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: 7 to 14 days after last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 30)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	54.4
Meropenem	53.3

Percentage of Participants With Per-Participant Microbiological Response of Cure or Presumed Cure at the End-of-Therapy (EOT) Visit in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population

To compare the microbiological response rates of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem at the EOT visit. The per-participant microbiological response will be determined based on the individual microbiological outcomes for each baseline pathogen. A microbiological response at the EOT visit was defined as cure (baseline pathogens eradicated), failure (baseline pathogen is persistent) or indeterminate (no evaluable respiratory material). A favorable microbiological response is a microbiological cure or presumed cure. The data-as-observed (DAO) approach was used where participants with missing clinical responses, including indeterminate outcomes, are excluded from the analysis population. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: Within 24 hours after last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 15)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	80.9
Meropenem	78.8

Percentage of Participants With Per-Participant Microbiological Response of Cure or Presumed Cure at the Test-of-Cure (TOC) Visit in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population

To compare the per-participant microbiological response rates of ceftolozane/tazobactam versus meropenem at the TOC visit in the microbiologically evaluable (ME) population. The per-participant microbiological response will be determined based on the individual microbiological outcomes for each baseline pathogen. A microbiological response at the TOC visit was defined as cure (baseline pathogens eradicated), failure (baseline pathogen is persistent) or indeterminate (no evaluable respiratory material). A favorable microbiological response is a microbiological cure or presumed cure. The data-as-observed (DAO) approach was used where participants with missing clinical responses, including indeterminate outcomes, are excluded from the analysis population. (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: 7 to 14 days after last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 30)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	70.4
Meropenem	62.7

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Response of Eradication or Presumed Eradication, by Pathogen, at the Test-of-Cure (TOC) Visit in the Microbiologically Evaluable (ME) Population (>=10 Isolates at Baseline)

"To compare the percentage of participants with a microbiological outcome of eradication or presumed eradication, by pathogen. The microbiological outcome was classified as eradication, presumed eradication, persistence, 'presumed persistence, indeterminate or recurrence. Eradication was defined as a ≥1- log reduction in bacterial burden of the original baseline LRT pathogen AND a per pathogen count of ≤10^4 colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL for endotracheal aspirate (ETA) or sputum specimens, ≤10^3 CFU/mL for a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimen, or ≤10^2 CFU/mL for a protected brush specimen (PBS) from a follow-up LRT culture. Presumed eradication was defined as an absence of material to culture (e.g. inability to obtain a culture in an extubated patient) in a patient deemed a clinical cure." (NCT02070757)
Timeframe: 7 to 14 days after last dose of study drug (Up to ~Day 30)

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Gram-Negative	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Enterobacteriaceae	Escherichia coli	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Proteus mirabilis	Haemophilus influenzae	Enterobacter cloacae	Klebsiella oxytoca	Serratia marcescens	Acinetobacter baumannii
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	69.9	79.3	68.7	78.3	71.4	63.6	91.7	57.1	87.5	40.0	33.3
Meropenem	62.4	55.3	65.6	73.9	66.7	70.0	50.0	75.0	57.1	50.0	80.0

Percentage of Participants That Discontinued Study Treatment Due to an AE

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product that did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE could therefore have been any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not related to the medicinal product. The percentage of participants who had study drug discontinued during the study due to an AE was summarized. (NCT03830333)
Timeframe: Up to Day 14

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	2.2
Meropenem + Placebo	2.2

Percentage of Participants Who Experienced 1 or More Adverse Events (AEs)

An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product that did not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE could therefore have been any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not related to the medicinal product. The percentage of participants who experienced 1 or more AEs were summarized. (NCT03830333)
Timeframe: Up to approximately Day 30

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	50.0
Meropenem + Placebo	50.7

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Per-Participant Microbiological Response of Eradication or Presumed Eradication at TOC Visit: Expanded Microbiologically Evaluable (EME) Population

An overall microbiological response was determined by the Sponsor for each participant based on individual microbiological responses for each baseline bacterial pathogen. A favorable individual microbiological response was eradication (absence of the baseline bacterial pathogen in a specimen appropriately obtained from the original site of infection) or presumed eradication (absence of material to culture in a participant who is assessed as a clinical cure). In order for the participant to have a favorable overall microbiological response, each individual baseline bacterial pathogen must have had a favorable microbiological outcome. The percentage of participants with a favorable per-participant microbiological response of eradication or presumed eradication was reported for the TOC visit. (NCT03830333)
Timeframe: Up to approximately Day 30

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	94.4
Meropenem + Placebo	93.2

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure or Clinical Failure) at End of Therapy (EOT) Visit: CE Population

"Clinical response was classified as cure or failure. Clinical cure (favorable) was defined as complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required for the index infection. Clinical failure (unfavorable) was defined as death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care. The percentage of participants with clinical response of clinical cure or clinical failure at EOT was summarized." (NCT03830333)
Timeframe: Up to approximately Day 15

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Clinical Cure (favorable)	Clinical Failure (unfavorable)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	98.1	1.9
Meropenem + Placebo	96.6	3.4

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure or Clinical Failure) at Test of Cure (TOC) Visit: Clinically Evaluable (CE) Population

"Clinical response was classified as cure or failure. Clinical cure (favorable) was defined as complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required for the index infection. Clinical failure (unfavorable) was defined as death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care. The percentage of participants with clinical response of clinical cure or clinical failure at TOC was summarized." (NCT03830333)
Timeframe: Up to approximately Day 30

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Clinical Cure (favorable)	Clinical Failure (unfavorable)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	95.2	4.8
Meropenem + Placebo	93.1	6.9

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate) at EOT Visit: ITT Population

"Clinical response was classified as cure, failure, or indeterminate. Clinical cure (favorable) was defined as complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required for the index infection. Clinical failure (unfavorable) was defined as death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care. Indeterminate (unfavorable) was defined as participants for whom study data are not available for evaluation of efficacy for any reason. The percentage of participants with clinical response of clinical cure, clinical failure, or indeterminate at EOT was summarized." (NCT03830333)
Timeframe: Up to approximately Day 15

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Clinical Cure (favorable)	Clinical Failure (unfavorable)	Indeterminate (unfavorable)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	92.5	7.5	0.0
Meropenem + Placebo	94.0	4.5	1.5

Percentage of Participants With Clinical Response (Clinical Cure, Clinical Failure, or Indeterminate) at TOC Visit: Intent to Treat (ITT) Population

"Clinical response was classified as cure, failure, or indeterminate. Clinical cure (favorable) was defined as complete resolution or significant improvement in signs and symptoms of the index infection, such that no additional antibacterial therapy or surgical or drainage procedure is required for the index infection. Clinical failure (unfavorable) was defined as death related to IAI at any time point; persisting or recurrent infection within the abdomen requiring additional intervention to cure; need for treatment with additional antibiotics for ongoing IAI symptoms; or post-surgical wound infection that requires additional antimicrobial therapy and/or non-routing wound care. Indeterminate (unfavorable) was defined as participants for whom study data were not available for evaluation of efficacy for any reason. The percentage of participants with clinical response of clinical cure, clinical failure, or indeterminate at TOC was summarized." (NCT03830333)
Timeframe: Up to approximately Day 30

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Clinical Cure (favorable)	Clinical Failure (unfavorable)	Indeterminate (unfavorable)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	85.1	14.2	0.7
Meropenem + Placebo	89.6	9.7	0.7

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response of Eradication or Presumed Eradication, by Pathogen, at the TOC Visit: EME Population

A microbiological response was determined for each bacterial pathogen isolated at baseline by the Sponsor. Favorable microbiological responses included eradication (absence of the baseline bacterial pathogen in a specimen appropriately obtained from the original site of infection) or presumed eradication (absence of material to culture in a participant who is assessed as a clinical cure). The percentage of participants with a favorable microbiological response of eradication or presumed eradication was reported per pathogen for the TOC visit. (NCT03830333)
Timeframe: Up to approximately Day 30

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Gram-negative aerobes	All Enterobacteriaceae	Other Enterobacter spp.	Escherichia coli	Klebsiella oxytoca	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Morganella morganii	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Gram-positive aerobes	Gram-negative anaerobes	Gram-positive anaerobes
Meropenem + Placebo	95.0	95.0	100.0	95.7	100.0	90.9	100.0	100.0	88.2	100.0	100.0

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response of Eradication or Presumed Eradication, by Pathogen, at the TOC Visit: EME Population

Intervention	Percentage of Participants (Number)
	Gram-negative aerobes	All Enterobacteriaceae	Citrobacter freundii complex	Citrobacter koseri	Enterobacter aerogenes	Enterobacter cloacae complex	Escherichia coli	Klebsiella pneumoniae	Proteus mirabilis	Aeromonas hydrophila	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Gram-positive aerobes	Gram-positive anaerobes
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam + Metronidazole	94.0	93.8	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	93.8	100.0	50.0	100.0	75.0	80.0	100.0

Ceftolozane Clearnace

Liters/hour (continuous values) (NCT03002506)
Timeframe: 24 hours

Intervention	Liters per hour (Mean)
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam	7.79

Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication At The Test Of Cure Visit

This was the primary outcome measure for the European Medicines Agency (EMA). For this measure, a microbiologic outcome of Eradication was defined using the EMA's CFU/mL criteria: bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was reduced to <10^3 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Test of cure (TOC) (Days 15-23)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	128
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	105

Proportion Of Participants In The Microbiological Evaluable (ME) Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication At The TOC Visit

This was the primary outcome measure for the EMA. For this measure, a microbiologic outcome of Eradication was defined using the EMA's CFU/mL criteria: bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was reduced to <10^3 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). The ME population included all participants who met m-MITT criteria and had a clinical outcome and microbiologic outcome at EOIVT or earlier; received <80% or >120% of expected IV doses; missed no more than 1 IV dose in the first 48 hours, missed no more than 2 consecutive IV doses; received no less than 6 doses for failure or no less than 9 doses for cure. (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: TOC (Days 15-23)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	118
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	102

Proportion Of Participants In The Microbiological Modified Intent-To-Treat (m-MITT) Population Who Achieved Overall Success At The End Of Intravenous Treatment Visit

This was the primary outcome measure for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). For this composite outcome measure, overall success was achieved with a clinical outcome of Cure or Improvement and microbiologic outcome of Eradication at the end of intravenous treatment (EOIVT). Cure was defined as the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms. Improvement was defined as lessening, incomplete resolution, or no worsening of the baseline signs and symptoms. Eradication was defined using the FDA's colony-forming units (CFU)/mL criteria that the bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was/were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: EOIVT (Days 5-14)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	189
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	171

Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (EMA) In The m-MITT Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on the per-pathogen (E. cloacae, E. faecalis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae) microbiological outcome of Eradication in the m-MITT population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined per the EMA criteria as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^3 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: E. cloacae	EOIVT: E. cloacae	EOT: E. cloacae	TOC: E. cloacae	LFU: E. cloacae	Day 3: E. faecalis	EOIVT: E. faecalis	EOT: E. faecalis	TOC: E. faecalis	LFU: E. faecalis	Day 3: E. coli	EOIVT: E. coli	EOT: E. coli	TOC: E. coli	LFU: E. coli	Day 3: K. pneumoniae	EOIVT: K. pneumoniae	EOT: K. pneumoniae	TOC: K. pneumoniae	LFU: K. pneumoniae
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	10	10	10	9	8	13	13	12	5	9	124	123	112	89	90	29	29	27	19	15
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	3	5	5	3	2	14	14	13	11	9	106	107	100	68	68	24	26	24	14	12

Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (EMA) In The ME Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on the per-pathogen (E. cloacae, E. faecalis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae) microbiological outcome of Eradication in the ME population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined per the EMA criteria as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^3 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: E. cloacae	EOIVT: E. cloacae	EOT: E. cloacae	TOC: E. cloacae	LFU: E. cloacae	Day 3: E. faecalis	EOIVT: E. faecalis	EOT: E. faecalis	TOC: E. faecalis	LFU: E. faecalis	Day 3: E. coli	EOIVT: E. coli	EOT: E. coli	TOC: E. coli	LFU: E. coli	Day 3: K. pneumoniae	EOIVT: K. pneumoniae	EOT: K. pneumoniae	TOC: K. pneumoniae	LFU: K. pneumoniae
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	10	10	10	9	8	11	11	10	4	8	117	117	107	82	83	28	28	26	18	15
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	3	5	5	3	2	14	14	13	11	9	101	106	99	67	66	23	26	24	13	11

Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (FDA) In The m-MITT Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on the per-pathogen (Enterobacter cloacae [E. cloacae], Enterococcus faecalis [E. faecalis], Escherichia coli [E. coli], Klebsiella pneumoniae [K. pneumoniae]) microbiological outcome of Eradication in the m-MITT population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined per the FDA criteria as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: E. cloacae	EOIVT: E. cloacae	EOT: E. cloacae	TOC: E. cloacae	LFU: E. cloacae	Day 3: E. faecalis	EOIVT: E. faecalis	EOT: E. faecalis	TOC: E. faecalis	LFU: E. faecalis	Day 3: E. coli	EOIVT: E. coli	EOT: E. coli	TOC: E. coli	LFU: E. coli	Day 3: K. pneumoniae	EOIVT: K. pneumoniae	EOT: K. pneumoniae	TOC: K. pneumoniae	LFU: K. pneumoniae
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	10	10	10	9	8	13	13	13	7	11	124	123	113	91	91	29	29	27	19	15
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	3	5	5	3	2	14	14	14	12	10	106	107	100	73	69	26	26	24	15	13

Per-Pathogen Microbiological Outcome (FDA) In The ME Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on the per-pathogen (E. cloacae, E. faecalis, E. coli, K. pneumoniae) microbiological outcome of Eradication in the ME population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined per the FDA criteria as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: E. cloacae	EOIVT: E. cloacae	EOT: E. cloacae	TOC: E. cloacae	LFU: E. cloacae	Day 3: E. faecalis	EOIVT: E. faecalis	EOT: E. faecalis	TOC: E. faecalis	LFU: E. faecalis	Day 3: E. coli	EOIVT: E. coli	EOT: E. coli	TOC: E. coli	LFU: E. coli	Day 3: K. pneumoniae	EOIVT: K. pneumoniae	EOT: K. pneumoniae	TOC: K. pneumoniae	LFU: K. pneumoniae
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	10	10	10	9	8	11	11	11	6	9	117	117	108	84	84	28	28	26	18	15
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	3	5	5	3	2	14	14	13	12	10	101	106	99	71	67	25	26	24	14	12

Pharmacokinetic (PK) Characterization Of Plasma Exposure Of Meropenem/Vaborbactam

"This outcome measure focused on PK assessment of participants in the meropenem/vaborbactam group who met MITT criteria and had at least 1 plasma PK sample drawn. Sparse PK sampling on Day 1 was performed 3-3.5 hours and 5-6 hours after the start of the first 3-h IV study drug infusion. Samples were not collected around the 30-minute infusions. Samples were collected from both groups to maintain the blind; however, only PK samples for the meropenem/vaborbactam group were analyzed. The area under the curve (AUC) was generated using a Population PK model and post hoc estimates of each participants' PK parameters, including AUC0-24, were generated.~The AUC during 24 hours (AUC0-24) for Day 1 and at steady-state are presented in micrograms (ug)·hour/mL." (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 1

Intervention	ug·hour/mL (Mean)
	AUC0-24: Day 1	AUC0-24: Steady-State
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	803	798

Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication

This secondary outcome measure focused on a microbiological outcome of Eradication in the m-MITT population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, end of treatment (EOT), TOC, and late follow up (LFU). Eradication was defined as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture (FDA) or <10^3 CFU/mL (EMA), and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as a uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: FDA	EOIVT: FDA	EOT: FDA	TOC: FDA	LFU: FDA	Day 3: EMA	EOIVT: EMA	EOT: EMA	TOC: EMA	LFU: EMA
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	189	188	172	132	132	186	188	169	128	129
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	167	168	158	113	103	164	168	158	105	98

Proportion Of Participants In The m-MITT Population With Overall Success

This secondary outcome measure focused on the overall success in the ME population at the EOIVT and TOC visits. Overall success at TOC was defined as a clinical outcome of Cured and a microbiologic outcome of Eradication. Overall success at EOIVT was defined as a clinical outcome of Cured or Improvement and a microbiologic outcome of Eradication. Cured was defined as the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP. Improvement was defined as lessening, incomplete resolution, or no worsening of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP, but continued IV therapy was warranted. Eradication was defined using the FDA's CFU/mL criteria that the bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was/were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: EOIVT (Days 5-14) and TOC (Days 15-23)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	EOIVT	TOC
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	189	143
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	171	128

Proportion Of Participants In The ME Population Who Achieved A Microbiologic Outcome Of Eradication

This secondary outcome measure focused on a microbiological outcome of Eradication in the ME population at 5 time points: Day 3, EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU. Eradication was defined as a reduction in baseline bacterial pathogen(s) to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture (FDA) or <10^3 CFU/mL (EMA), and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: FDA	EOIVT: FDA	EOT: FDA	TOC: FDA	LFU: FDA	Day 3: EMA	EOIVT: EMA	EOT: EMA	TOC: EMA	LFU: EMA
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	177	178	163	122	122	174	178	160	118	120
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	160	166	156	109	99	157	166	156	102	94

Proportion Of Participants In The ME Population With Overall Success

This secondary outcome measure focused on the overall success in the ME population at the EOIVT and TOC visits. Overall success was defined as a clinical outcome of Cured or Improvement and a microbiologic outcome of Eradication. Cured was defined as the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP. Improvement was defined as lessening, incomplete resolution, or no worsening of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP, but continued IV therapy was warranted. Eradication was defined using the FDA's CFU/mL criteria that the bacterial pathogen(s) found at baseline was/were reduced to <10^4 CFU/mL of urine culture and a negative blood culture for an organism that was identified as an uropathogen (if repeated after positive at baseline blood culture). (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: EOIVT (Days 5-14) and TOC (Days 15-23)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	EOIVT	TOC
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	178	134
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	165	124

Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The Clinical Evaluable (CE) Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on a clinical outcome of Cure in the CE population. A clinical outcome of Cure was defined as the following: at EOIVT, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP; at EOT, TOC, and LFU, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP such that no further antimicrobial therapy was warranted. Symptom resolution did not necessarily include baseline symptoms associated with anatomic abnormalities that predisposed to cUTI, such as symptoms associated with the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter. The clinical outcome of Cure was reported only at the EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU visits, and improvement was reported only at the Day 3, EOIVT, and EOT visits. (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: Improvement	EOIVT: Cure	EOIVT: Improvement	EOT: Cure	EOT: Improvement	TOC: Cure	LFU: Cure
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	243	202	45	235	7	231	220
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	250	206	46	239	6	224	209

Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The m-MITT Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on a clinical outcome of Cure in the m-MITT Population. A clinical outcome of Cure was defined as the following: at EOIVT, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP; at EOT, TOC, and LFU, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP such that no further antimicrobial therapy was warranted. Symptom resolution did not necessarily include baseline symptoms associated with anatomic abnormalities that predisposed to cUTI, such as symptoms associated with the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter. The clinical outcome of Cure was reported only at the EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU visits, and improvement was reported only at Day 3, EOIVT, and EOT visits. (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: Improvement	EOIVT: Cure	EOIVT: Improvement	EOT: Cure	EOT: Improvement	TOC: Cure	LFU: Cure
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	186	156	33	179	4	174	166
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	171	144	30	167	3	157	143

Proportion Of Participants With A Clinical Outcome Of Cure In The ME Population

This secondary outcome measure focused on a clinical outcome of Cure in the ME population. A clinical outcome of Cure was defined as the following: at EOIVT, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP; at EOT, TOC, and LFU, the complete resolution or significant improvement of the baseline signs and symptoms of cUTI or AP such that no further antimicrobial therapy was warranted. Symptom resolution did not necessarily include baseline symptoms associated with anatomic abnormalities that predisposed to cUTI, such as symptoms associated with the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter. The clinical outcome of Cure was reported only at the EOIVT, EOT, TOC, and LFU visits, and improvement was reported only at the Day 3, EOIVT, and EOT visits. (NCT02166476)
Timeframe: Day 3, EOIVT (Days 5-14), EOT (Days 10-14), TOC (Days 15-23), and LFU (Days 22-30)

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
	Day 3: Improvement	EOIVT: Cure	EOIVT: Improvement	EOT: Cure	EOT: Improvement	TOC: Cure	LFU: Cure
Meropenem-Vaborbactam	175	148	30	170	3	164	156
Piperacillin-Tazobactam	164	138	30	161	3	153	139

Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve (AUC0-inf) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of AUC from time zero extrapolated to infinity of ceftolozane. AUC0-inf is expressed as geometric least squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours*μg/mL (Geometric Least Squares Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	133
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	107
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	99.4
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	186
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	103
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	202
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	164
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	165
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	137

Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve (AUC0-inf) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of AUC from time zero extrapolated to infinity of tazobactam. AUC0-inf is expressed as geometric least squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours*μg/mL (Geometric Least Squares Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	17.5
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	10.2
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	17.8
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	28.9
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	14.9
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	29.9
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	24.9
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	77.6
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	22.3

Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve (AUClast) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of AUC from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration of ceftolozane. AUC0-last is expressed as geometric least squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours*μg/mL (Geometric Least Squares Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	124
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	102
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	94.2
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	172
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	98.8
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	178
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	131
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	118
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	119

Area Under the Plasma Concentration-Time Curve (AUClast) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of AUC from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration of tazobactam. AUC0-last is expressed as geometric least squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours*μg/mL (Geometric Least Squares Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	17.3
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	9.69
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	17.6
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	28.5
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	14.8
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	28.9
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	21.3
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	21.6
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	21.9

Elimination Half-life (t1/2) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of t1/2 of ceftolozane. t1/2 is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100*sqrt(exp(s^2)-1), where s^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours (Geometric Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	1.45
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.29
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.34
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	1.48
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.30
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	1.63
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	2.21
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	3.14
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	1.73

Elimination Half-life (t1/2) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of t1/2 of tazobactam. t1/2 is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100*sqrt(exp(s^2)-1), where s^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours (Geometric Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	0.702
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.544
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.719
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.770
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.538
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.815
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	1.09
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	3.03
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.875

Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of Cmax of ceftolozane. Cmax is expressed as geometric least-squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	μg/mL (Geometric Least Squares Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	63.5
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	56.2
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	51.4
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	96.6
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	50.5
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	91.3
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	45.0
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	34.9
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	45.2

Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of Cmax of tazobactam. Cmax is expressed as geometric least-squares mean and confidence interval based on back-transformed least-squares mean and confidence interval from linear mixed-effects model with group fixed effect performed on natural log-transformed values. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	μg/mL (Geometric Least Squares Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	14.0
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	9.25
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	15.7
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	24.8
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	11.6
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	22.4
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	11.7
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	6.87
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	12.1

Number of Participants Who Discontinued the Study Due to an Adverse Event

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a study participant administered a pharmaceutical product that does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign, symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not related to the medicinal product. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Up to Day 10

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	0
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	0
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0

Number of Participants With One or More Adverse Events

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	2
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	1
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	2
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	1
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	2
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0

Plasma Clearance (CL) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of CL of ceftolozane. CL is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100*sqrt(exp(s^2)-1), where s^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	L/hour/kg (Geometric Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	0.146
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.168
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.181
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.162
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.176
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.149
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.118
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	0.0723
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.147

Plasma Clearance (CL) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of CL of tazobactam. CL is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100*sqrt(exp(s^2)-1), where s^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	L/hour/kg (Geometric Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	0.556
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.886
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.506
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.519
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.611
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.502
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.385
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	0.0760
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.452

Plasma Concentration at the Last Quantifiable Concentration (Clast) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of Clast of ceftolozane. Clast is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100*sqrt(exp(s^2)-1), where s^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	μg/mL (Geometric Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	4.01
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	2.85
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	2.47
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	5.69
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	2.53
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	5.72
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	8.70
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	10.2
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	6.26

Plasma Concentration at the Last Quantifiable Concentration (Clast) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of Clast of tazobactam. Clast is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100*sqrt(exp(s^2)-1), where s^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	μg/mL (Geometric Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	0.232
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.420
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.137
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.327
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.224
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.401
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.657
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	3.66
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.266

Time of Last Sampling Point (Tlast) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of Tlast of ceftolozane. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours (Median)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	6.00
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	6.01
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	6.08
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	5.77
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	6.00
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	6.00
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	6.01
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	6.40
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	5.85

Time of Last Sampling Point (Tlast) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of Tlast of tazobactam. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours (Median)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	4.15
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	3.10
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	5.85
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	5.72
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	4.00
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	5.02
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	5.95
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	6.40
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	5.85

Time to Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of Tmax of ceftolozane. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours (Median)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	1.02
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.07
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.02
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	1.03
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.00
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	1.05
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	1.08
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	1.80
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	1.07

Time to Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of Tmax of tazobactam. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	Hours (Median)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	1.00
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.07
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.02
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	1.03
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	1.00
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	1.05
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	1.08
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	3.89
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	1.07

Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vss) of Ceftolozane

Blood was collected for the determination of Vss of ceftolozane. Vss is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100*sqrt(exp(s^2)-1), where s^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	L/kg (Geometric Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	0.274
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.296
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.331
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.312
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.282
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.340
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.394
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	0.344
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.388

Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vss) of Tazobactam

Blood was collected for the determination of Vss of tazobactam. Vss is expressed as geometric mean and percent geometric coefficient of variation, CV% = 100*sqrt(exp(s^2)-1), where s^2 is the observed between-subjects variance on the natural log-scale. (NCT02266706)
Timeframe: Predose and 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 6 hours after the start of infusion for Cohorts 1 to 4 and 1, 2, and 6 hours after start of infusion for Cohorts 5 and 6.

Intervention	L/kg (Geometric Mean)
Cohort 1: ≥12 to <18 Years TOL/TAZ 1000/500 mg FDC	0.474
Cohort 2: ≥7 to <12 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.740
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.488
Cohort 3: ≥2 to <7 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.513
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 18/9 mg/kg	0.421
Cohort 4: ≥3 Months to <2 Years TOL/TAZ 30/15 mg/kg	0.574
Cohort 5: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.668
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 12/6 mg/kg	0.338
Cohort 6: Birth to <3 Months TOL/TAZ 20/10 mg/kg	0.667

AUC0-∞ of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the AUC0-∞ of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	h*ug/mL (Geometric Mean)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	233
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	34.8

AUC0-last of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the AUC0-last of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	h*ug/mL (Geometric Mean)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	188
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	31.0

CL of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the CL of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	L/h (Geometric Mean)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	8.98
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	28.7

Clast of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Clast of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	ug/mL (Geometric Mean)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	5.82
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	0.357

Cmax of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Cmax of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	ug/mL (Geometric Mean)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	68.9
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	17.4

Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs)

An adverse event (AE) is any untoward medical occurrence in a participant administered a pharmaceutical product that does not necessarily have to have a causal relationship with this treatment. An AE can therefore be any unfavorable and unintended sign (including an abnormal laboratory finding), symptom, or disease temporally associated with the use of a medicinal product, whether or not related to the medicinal product. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Up to 5 days

Intervention	Participants (Count of Participants)
Mechanically Ventilated	16
Critically Ill	6

T1/2 of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the T1/2 of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	Hours (Geometric Mean)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	2.59
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	1.47

Tlast of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Tlast of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	Hours (Median)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	7.95
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	7.85

Tmax of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Tmax of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	Hours (Median)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	1.02
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	1.02

Vss of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Critically Ill Participants With Augmented Renal Function.

Critically ill participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Vss of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of infusion

Intervention	Liter (Geometric Mean)
Critically Ill - Ceftolozane	30.2
Critically Ill - Tazobactam	51.6

Area Under the Concentration Time Curve (AUC) From the First to Time of the Last Dose (AUC0-last) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the AUC0-last, AUC from the first to time of the last dose, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was determined by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	h*ug/mL (Geometric Mean)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	50.7	63.0
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	242	390

AUC From the Time of the Dose to Infinity (AUC0-∞) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the AUC0-∞, AUC from the time of the dose to infinity, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was determined by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	h*ug/mL (Geometric Mean)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	58.1	69.8
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	353	605

Epithelial Lining Fluid (ELF) / Plasma Ratio (Intrapulmonary Penetration) of Ceftolozane and Tazobactam Concentrations in Mechanically Ventilated Participants.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples and epithelial lining fluid (ELF) were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the epithelial lining fluid, ELF to plasma ratio of ceftolozane and tazobactam. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 h after the start of the last infusion.

Intervention	Ratio (Mean)
	1 Hr Post-dose	2 Hr Post-dose	4 Hr Post-dose	6 Hr Post-dose	8 Hr Post-dose
Mechanically Ventilated - Ceftolozane	0.213	0.360	1.76	1.02	0.786
Mechanically Ventilated - Tazobactam	0.234	0.471	2.34	2.59	1.06

Last Quantifiable Plasma Concentration (Clast) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Clast, last quantifiable plasma concentration, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	ug/mL (Geometric Mean)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	1.14	1.52
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	14.0	24.0

Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for creatinine clearance (CLCR), every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Cmax, maximum plasma concentration, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. Pharmacokinetic (PK) data analysis was performed by non-compartmental analysis (NCA) method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	ug/mL (Geometric Mean)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	22.6	26.1
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	73.0	100

Plasma Clearance (CL) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the CL, plasma clearance, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	L/h (Geometric Mean)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	15.0	14.1
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	4.90	4.52

Terminal Elimination Half-life (t1/2) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the t1/2, terminal elimination half-life, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	Hours (Geometric Mean)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	2.15	2.33
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	4.15	4.86

Time of Last Quantifiable Plasma Concentration (Tlast)) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Tlast, time of last quantifiable plasma concentration, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was determined by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	Hours (Median)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	7.95	7.98
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	7.95	7.98

Time of Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Tmax, time of maximum plasma concentration, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	Hours (Median)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	1.00	1.00
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	1.00	1.00

Volume of Distribution at Steady State (Vss) of Ceftolozane or Tazobactam in Mechanically Ventilated Participants for the First and Last Dose of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Treatment.

Mechanically ventilated participants received a 60 minute infusion of ceftolozane/tazobactam, adjusted for CLCR, every 8 hours; then blood samples were collected at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours post start of the final infusion after the last dose of study drug in order to determine the Vss, volume of distribution at steady state, of ceftolozane or tazobactam. PK data analysis was performed by NCA method using Phoenix WinNonlin version 6.3 or later. (NCT02387372)
Timeframe: Day 1 up to Day 2 at 0 (pre-dose), 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (h) after the start of the first and last infusions.

Intervention	Liter (Geometric Mean)
	First Dose	Last Dose
Mechanically Ventilated -Tazobactam	39.9	40.4
Mechanically Ventilated- Ceftolozane	27.5	29.4

Half-life of Piperacillin

Half-life (t1/2) of piperacillin will be calculated from serum concentrations in both standard and high doses (NCT01923363)
Timeframe: 0, 1, 3, and 6 hours post-dose

Intervention	hours (Mean)
	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 9 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 3.375 gram	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 9 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 2.25 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 2.25 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 3.375 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 4.5 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 6.75 grams
Standard Dose to High Dose Piperacillin/Tazobactam	1.2	1.5	1.8	0.9	3.9	2.7	3.8	2.5	4.3	10.7	6.2	5.5	9.8	8.6	9.1	7.4

Serum Maximum Concentrations for Piperacillin

Pharmacokinetic parameters for piperacillin of maximum serum concentration (Cmax) will be measured in both standard dosing and high dosing. (NCT01923363)
Timeframe: 0, 1, 3, and 6 hours post-dose

Intervention	milligrams per liter (Mean)
	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 1 (CrCl > 80 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 9 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 3.375 gram	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 9 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 2.25 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 2.25 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 3.375 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 4.5 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 6.75 grams
Standard Dose to High Dose Piperacillin/Tazobactam	136	190	237	332	144	214	244	191	176	296	265	299	158	223	275	397

Serum Minimum Concentrations of Piperacillin

Minimum serum concentrations (Cmin) of piperacillin will be measured in both standard and high doses (NCT01923363)
Timeframe: 0, 1, 3, and 6 hours post-dose

Intervention	milligrams per liter (Mean)
	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 9 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to 80 mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to 80 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to 80 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to 80 mL/min) on 9 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 2.25 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 2.25 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 3.375 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 4.5 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 6.75 grams
Standard Dose to High Dose Piperacillin/Tazobactam	8.9	11.1	27.0	10.3	47.4	52.5	72.6	54.1	78.8	207	142	148	99	143	181	234

Volume of Distribution of Piperacillin

Volume of distribution (Vd) of piperacillin will be calculated from serum concentrations in both standard and high doses (NCT01923363)
Timeframe: 0, 1, 3, and 6 hours post-dose

Intervention	liters (Mean)
	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 1 (CrCl >/= 80 mL/min) on 9 grams	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 3.375 gram	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 4.5 gram	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 6.75 gram	Group 2 (CrCl >/= 40 to < 80 mL/min) on 9 gram	Group 3 (CrCl < 40mL/min) on 2.25 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40mL/min) on 3.375 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40mL/min) on 4.5 grams	Group 3 (CrCl < 40mL/min) on 6.75 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 2.25 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 3.375 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 4.5 grams	Group 4 (HD) on 6.75 grams
Standard Dose to High Dose Piperacillin/Tazobactam	19.0	20.9	27.7	20.1	31.6	20.3	31.7	48.8	22.9	30.5	26.3	29.9	34.9	28.9	24.6	34.0

Article	Year
Microdialysis as a safe and feasible method to study target-site piperacillin-tazobactam disposition in septic piglets and children. International journal of antimicrobial agents, Volume: 62, Issue: 5	2023
Efficacy and safety of tazobactam/ceftolozane in combination with metronidazole for intraabdominal infection in a hepato-biliary-pancreatic field in clinical practice. Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy, Volume: 29, Issue: 9	2023
Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of antimicrobial agents for complicated intra-abdominal infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC infectious diseases, Apr-21, Volume: 23, Issue: 1	2023
Safety and Efficacy of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Plus Metronidazole Versus Meropenem From a Phase 2, Randomized Clinical Trial in Pediatric Participants With Complicated Intra-abdominal Infection. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, Jul-01, Volume: 42, Issue: 7	2023
Safety and Efficacy of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Versus Meropenem in Neonates and Children With Complicated Urinary Tract Infection, Including Pyelonephritis: A Phase 2, Randomized Clinical Trial. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, 04-01, Volume: 42, Issue: 4	2023
A phase III, multicenter, double-blind, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ceftolozane/tazobactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem in Chinese participants with complicated intra-abdominal infections. International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, Volume: 123	2022
Nephrotoxicity of Vancomycin in Combination With Beta-Lactam Agents: Ceftolozane-Tazobactam vs Piperacillin-Tazobactam. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 02-08, Volume: 76, Issue: 3	2023
Serious adverse events with novel beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations: a large-scale pharmacovigilance analysis. European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology, Volume: 40, Issue: 6	2021
A Randomized, Double-blind, Multicenter Trial Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Imipenem/Cilastatin/Relebactam Versus Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Adults With Hospital-acquired or Ventilator-associated Bacterial Pneumonia (RESTORE-IMI 2 Study). Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 12-06, Volume: 73, Issue: 11	2021
Lung penetration, bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile and safety of 3 g of ceftolozane/tazobactam administered to ventilated, critically ill patients with pneumonia. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 06-01, Volume: 75, Issue: 6	2020
Efficacy and safety of ceftolozane/tazobactam as therapeutic option for complicated skin and soft tissue infections by MDR/XDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa in patients with impaired renal function: a case series from a single-center experience. Infection, Volume: 48, Issue: 2	2020
Ceftolozane/tazobactam for difficult-to-treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections: A systematic review of its efficacy and safety for off-label indications. International journal of antimicrobial agents, Volume: 55, Issue: 3	2020
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Neonates and Young Infants: The Challenges of Collecting Pharmacokinetics and Safety Data in This Vulnerable Patient Population. American journal of perinatology, Volume: 38, Issue: 8	2021
The efficacy and safety of tazobactam/ceftolozane in combination with metronidazole in Japanese patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections. Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy, Volume: 25, Issue: 2	2019
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Single Intravenous Doses of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Children With Proven or Suspected Gram-Negative Infection. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, Volume: 37, Issue: 11	2018
Multicenter, double-blind, randomized, phase II trial to assess the safety and efficacy of ceftolozane-tazobactam plus metronidazole compared with meropenem in adult patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 58, Issue: 9	2014
Impact of renal function on the pharmacokinetics and safety of ceftolozane-tazobactam. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 58, Issue: 4	2014
Effectiveness and safety of generic formulation of piperacillin/tazobactam (Astaz-P) for treatment of infected patients at Siriraj Hospital. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet, Volume: 96 Suppl 2	2013
Efficacy and safety of IV/PO moxifloxacin and IV piperacillin/tazobactam followed by PO amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of diabetic foot infections: results of the RELIEF study. Infection, Volume: 41, Issue: 1	2013
A case of severe toxicity during coadministration of vincristine and piperacillin: are drug transporters involved in vincristine hypersensitivity and drug-drug interactions? Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology, Volume: 34, Issue: 8	2012
Pharmacokinetics and safety of intravenous ceftolozane-tazobactam in healthy adult subjects following single and multiple ascending doses. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 56, Issue: 6	2012
[Clinical effects and safety of piperacillin/tazobactam in treating neutropenic febrile patients with malignant hematopathy]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, Jan-06, Volume: 89, Issue: 1	2009
Evaluating the ototoxicity of topical piperacillin-tazobactam. International journal of pediatric otorhinolaryngology, Volume: 72, Issue: 12	2008
Efficacy and safety of doripenem versus piperacillin/tazobactam in nosocomial pneumonia: a randomized, open-label, multicenter study. Current medical research and opinion, Volume: 24, Issue: 7	2008
Safety evaluation of piperacillin/tazobactam in very low birth weight infants. Journal of chemotherapy (Florence, Italy), Volume: 16, Issue: 2	2004
Piperacillin-tazobactam and netilmicin as a safe and efficacious empirical treatment of febrile neutropenic children. Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, Volume: 12, Issue: 10	2004
[Multicentre clinical trial on efficacy and safety of domestic piperacillin/tazobactam for treatment of acute bacterial infections]. Zhonghua yi xue za zhi, Jan-10, Volume: 81, Issue: 1	2001
The efficacy and safety of piperacillin/tazobactam in the therapy of bacteraemia. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Volume: 31 Suppl A	1993
Efficacy, safety and tolerance of parenteral piperacillin/tazobactam in the treatment of patients with lower respiratory tract infections. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Volume: 31 Suppl A	1993
Safety profile of piperacillin/tazobactam in phase I and III clinical studies. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Volume: 31 Suppl A	1993
[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of tazobactam/piperacillin or tazobactam (3)--Perinatal and postnatal study in rats with intraperitoneal administration]. The Journal of toxicological sciences, Volume: 19 Suppl 2	1994
[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of tazobactam/piperacillin or tazobactam (2)--Teratological study in rats with intravenously administration]. The Journal of toxicological sciences, Volume: 19 Suppl 2	1994
[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of tazobactam/piperacillin or tazobactam(1)--Fertility and general reproduction study in rats with intraperitoneal administration]. The Journal of toxicological sciences, Volume: 19 Suppl 2	1994
[A six-month intravenous repeated dose toxicity study of tazobactam/piperacillin and tazobactam in dogs]. The Journal of toxicological sciences, Volume: 19 Suppl 2	1994
[A six-month intraperitoneal repeated dose toxicity study of tazobactam/piperacillin and tazobactam in rats]. The Journal of toxicological sciences, Volume: 19 Suppl 2	1994
[Single-dose toxicity studies of tazobactam/piperacillin and tazobactam]. The Journal of toxicological sciences, Volume: 19 Suppl 2	1994
Efficacy and safety of piperacillin/tazobactam in intra-abdominal infections. The European journal of surgery. Supplement. : = Acta chirurgica. Supplement, Issue: 573	1994
Efficacy and safety of piperacillin/tazobactam in skin and soft tissue infections. The European journal of surgery. Supplement. : = Acta chirurgica. Supplement, Issue: 573	1994
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Article	Year
Sustaining Antimicrobial Stewardship in a High-Antibiotic Resistance Setting. JAMA network open, 05-02, Volume: 5, Issue: 5	2022
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Article	Year
Antibacterial effect of seven days exposure to ceftolozane-tazobactam as monotherapy and in combination with fosfomycin or tobramycin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with ceftolozane-tazobactam MICs at or above 4 mg/l in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 09-05, Volume: 78, Issue: 9	2023
Population Pharmacokinetics of Piperacillin/Tazobactam Across the Adult Lifespan. Clinical pharmacokinetics, Volume: 62, Issue: 1	2023
Cefepime pharmacodynamic targets against Enterobacterales employing neutropenic murine lung infection and in vitro pharmacokinetic models. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 11-28, Volume: 77, Issue: 12	2022
Burn Injury and Augmented Renal Clearance: A Case for Optimized Piperacillin-Tazobactam Dosing. Journal of burn care & research : official publication of the American Burn Association, 01-05, Volume: 44, Issue: 1	2023
Comparison of pharmacokinetics and stability of generics of cefepime, linezolid and piperacillin/tazobactam with their respective originator drugs: an intravenous bioequivalence study in healthy volunteers. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 10-28, Volume: 77, Issue: 11	2022
Clearance of Piperacillin-Tazobactam and Vancomycin During Continuous Renal Replacement With Regional Citrate Anticoagulation. Therapeutic drug monitoring, 04-01, Volume: 45, Issue: 2	2023
Pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and tazobactam in critically Ill patients treated with continuous kidney replacement therapy: A mini-review and population pharmacokinetic analysis. Journal of clinical pharmacy and therapeutics, Volume: 47, Issue: 8	2022
Population pharmacokinetics of piperacillin/tazobactam in critically ill Korean patients and the effects of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 04-27, Volume: 77, Issue: 5	2022
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Simulations of Cost-Effective Dosage Regimens of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam and Ceftazidime-Avibactam in Patients with Renal Impairment. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 03-15, Volume: 66, Issue: 3	2022
Time Above All Else: Pharmacodynamic Analysis of β-Lactams in Critically Ill Patients. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 62, Issue: 4	2022
Ceftolozane/tazobactam probability of target attainment and outcomes in participants with augmented renal clearance from the randomized phase 3 ASPECT-NP trial. Critical care (London, England), 10-02, Volume: 25, Issue: 1	2021
Ceftolozane/tazobactam for refractory P. aeruginosa endocarditis: A case report and pharmacokinetic analysis. Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy, Volume: 28, Issue: 1	2022
Plasma and soft tissue pharmacokinetics of ceftolozane/tazobactam in healthy volunteers after single and multiple intravenous infusion: a microdialysis study. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 08-12, Volume: 76, Issue: 9	2021
Piperacillin-Tazobactam in Intensive Care Units: A Review of Population Pharmacokinetic Analyses. Clinical pharmacokinetics, Volume: 60, Issue: 7	2021
A validated LC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of the novel combination antibiotic, ceftolozane-tazobactam, in plasma (total and unbound), CSF, urine and renal replacement therapy effluent: application to pilot pharmacokinetic studies. Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine, 04-27, Volume: 59, Issue: 5	2021
Population Pharmacokinetic Analysis for Plasma and Epithelial Lining Fluid Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Concentrations in Patients With Ventilated Nosocomial Pneumonia. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 61, Issue: 2	2021
Influence of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on the pharmacokinetics of ceftolozane/tazobactam: an ex vivo and in vivo study. Journal of translational medicine, 05-27, Volume: 18, Issue: 1	2020
Plasma pharmacokinetics of ceftolozane/tazobactam in pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis. Pediatric pulmonology, Volume: 55, Issue: 8	2020
Lung penetration, bronchopulmonary pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile and safety of 3 g of ceftolozane/tazobactam administered to ventilated, critically ill patients with pneumonia. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 06-01, Volume: 75, Issue: 6	2020
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Neonates and Young Infants: The Challenges of Collecting Pharmacokinetics and Safety Data in This Vulnerable Patient Population. American journal of perinatology, Volume: 38, Issue: 8	2021
Population pharmacokinetics of piperacillin in febrile children receiving cancer chemotherapy: the impact of body weight and target on an optimal dosing regimen. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 10-01, Volume: 74, Issue: 10	2019
Efficacy of ceftolozane/tazobactam, alone and in combination with colistin, against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an in vitro biofilm pharmacodynamic model. International journal of antimicrobial agents, Volume: 53, Issue: 5	2019
Population pharmacokinetics of tazobactam/ceftolozane in Japanese patients with complicated urinary tract infection and complicated intra-abdominal infection. Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy, Volume: 25, Issue: 3	2019
Pharmacokinetics of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam during Prolonged Intermittent Renal Replacement Therapy. Chemotherapy, Volume: 63, Issue: 4	2018
Suboptimal Clinical Response Rates with Newer Antibiotics Among Patients with Moderate Renal Impairment: Review of the Literature and Potential Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Considerations for Observed Findings. Pharmacotherapy, Volume: 38, Issue: 12	2018
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Single Intravenous Doses of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Children With Proven or Suspected Gram-Negative Infection. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, Volume: 37, Issue: 11	2018
Antibacterial effect of ceftolozane/tazobactam in combination with amikacin against aerobic Gram-negative bacilli studied in an in vitro pharmacokinetic model of infection. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 09-01, Volume: 73, Issue: 9	2018
Piperacillin Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosing Regimen Optimization in Critically Ill Children with Normal and Augmented Renal Clearance. Clinical pharmacokinetics, Volume: 58, Issue: 2	2019
Piperacillin Population Pharmacokinetics in Critically Ill Adults During Sustained Low-Efficiency Dialysis. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, Volume: 52, Issue: 10	2018
Pharmacokinetics of piperacillin in critically ill patients with acute kidney injury receiving sustained low-efficiency diafiltration. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 06-01, Volume: 73, Issue: 6	2018
Ex vivo Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Clearance during Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy. Blood purification, Volume: 44, Issue: 1	2017
Efficacy, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile of ceftolozane + tazobactam in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections. Expert opinion on drug metabolism & toxicology, Volume: 12, Issue: 8	2016
Pharmacokinetics-Pharmacodynamics of Tazobactam in Combination with Piperacillin in an In Vitro Infection Model. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 60, Issue: 4	2016
Ceftolozane-Tazobactam Pharmacokinetics in a Critically Ill Patient on Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec-28, Volume: 60, Issue: 3	2015
Pharmacodynamics of Ceftolozane plus Tazobactam Studied in an In Vitro Pharmacokinetic Model of Infection. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 60, Issue: 1	2016
Population pharmacokinetics of piperacillin in the early phase of septic shock: does standard dosing result in therapeutic plasma concentrations? Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 59, Issue: 11	2015
Ceftolozane/tazobactam pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic-derived dose justification for phase 3 studies in patients with nosocomial pneumonia. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 56, Issue: 1	2016
Population Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Patients with Nosocomial Infections. European journal of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics, Volume: 41, Issue: 4	2016
Plasma and epithelial lining fluid pharmacokinetics of ceftolozane and tazobactam alone and in combination in mice. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 59, Issue: 6	2015
Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of piperacillin and tazobactam administered by prolonged infusion in obese and nonobese patients. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 55, Issue: 8	2015
Population pharmacokinetics of ceftolozane/tazobactam in healthy volunteers, subjects with varying degrees of renal function and patients with bacterial infections. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 55, Issue: 2	2015
Modified Augmented Renal Clearance score predicts rapid piperacillin and tazobactam clearance in critically ill surgery and trauma patients. The journal of trauma and acute care surgery, Volume: 77, Issue: 3 Suppl 2	2014
Pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and tazobactam in plasma and subcutaneous interstitial fluid in critically ill patients receiving continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration. International journal of antimicrobial agents, Volume: 43, Issue: 4	2014
Impact of renal function on the pharmacokinetics and safety of ceftolozane-tazobactam. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 58, Issue: 4	2014
Pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics of tazobactam in combination with ceftolozane in an in vitro infection model. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 57, Issue: 6	2013
Population pharmacokinetics of piperacillin at two dose levels: influence of nonlinear pharmacokinetics on the pharmacodynamic profile. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 56, Issue: 11	2012
Variability of antibiotic concentrations in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: a multicentre pharmacokinetic study. Critical care medicine, Volume: 40, Issue: 5	2012
Pharmacokinetics and safety of intravenous ceftolozane-tazobactam in healthy adult subjects following single and multiple ascending doses. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 56, Issue: 6	2012
Comparative pharmacodynamics of intermittent and prolonged infusions of piperacillin/tazobactam using Monte Carlo simulations and steady-state pharmacokinetic data from hospitalized patients. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, Volume: 43, Issue: 11	2009
Comparative pharmacodynamics of intermittent and prolonged infusions of piperacillin/tazobactam using Monte Carlo simulation and steady-state pharmacokinetic data from hospitalized patients. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, Volume: 43, Issue: 11	2009
Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling to predict in vivo effectiveness of various dosing regimens of piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin monotherapy against gram-negative pulmonary isolates from patients managed in intensive care units in 2002. Clinical therapeutics, Volume: 30, Issue: 12	2008
Serum piperacillin/tazobactam pharmacokinetics in a morbidly obese individual. The Annals of pharmacotherapy, Volume: 41, Issue: 10	2007
An improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method with a solid-phase extraction for the determination of piperacillin and tazobactam: application to pharmacokinetic study of different dosage in Chinese healthy volunteers. Biomedical chromatography : BMC, Volume: 21, Issue: 7	2007
Influence of culture site-specific MIC distributions on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin: a data analysis. Clinical therapeutics, Volume: 28, Issue: 7	2006
Population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of piperacillin/tazobactam in patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Volume: 56, Issue: 2	2005
Influence of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of piperacillin/tazobactam in intensive care unit patients during continuous venovenous hemofiltration. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 45, Issue: 2	2005
Pharmacodynamic profiling of piperacillin in the presence of tazobactam in patients through the use of population pharmacokinetic models and Monte Carlo simulation. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 48, Issue: 12	2004
Impact of tazobactam pharmacokinetics on the antimicrobial effect of piperacillin-tazobactam combinations. International journal of antimicrobial agents, Volume: 23, Issue: 5	2004
[Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in inflamed and healthy lung tissue]. Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (1946), Volume: 153, Issue: 15-16	2003
Pharmacodynamic profiling of continuously infused piperacillin/tazobactam against Pseudomonas aeruginosa using Monte Carlo analysis. Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, Volume: 44, Issue: 1	2002
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of piperacillin/tazobactam when administered by continuous infusion and intermittent dosing. Clinical therapeutics, Volume: 24, Issue: 7	2002
Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of two dosing regimens for piperacillin-tazobactam. Pharmacotherapy, Volume: 22, Issue: 5	2002
Evaluating possible pharmacokinetic interactions between tobramycin, piperacillin, and a combination of piperacillin and tazobactam in patients with various degrees of renal impairment. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 41, Issue: 9	2001
Comparison of five beta-lactam antibiotics against common nosocomial pathogens using the time above MIC at different creatinine clearances. Pharmacotherapy, Volume: 19, Issue: 12	1999
Piperacillin and tazobactam exhibit linear pharmacokinetics after multiple standard clinical doses. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 43, Issue: 6	1999
Pharmacokinetic properties of beta-lactamase inhibitors. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Volume: 37, Issue: 2	1999
Pharmacodynamic interactions of ciprofloxacin, piperacillin, and piperacillin/tazobactam in healthy volunteers. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 38, Issue: 11	1998
Influence of piperacillin-tazobactam on pharmacokinetics of gentamicin given once daily. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Dec-01, Volume: 54, Issue: 23	1997
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two multiple-dose piperacillin-tazobactam regimens. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 41, Issue: 11	1997
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of the in vitro antiinfective effect of piperacillin-tazobactam combinations. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Volume: 35, Issue: 10	1997
Pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and tazobactam in critically ill patients with renal failure, treated with continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH). Intensive care medicine, Volume: 23, Issue: 8	1997
Importance of beta-lactamase inhibitor pharmacokinetics in the pharmacodynamics of inhibitor-drug combinations: studies with piperacillin-tazobactam and piperacillin-sulbactam. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 41, Issue: 4	1997
Pharmacokinetics of piperacillin, tazobactam and its metabolite in renal impairment. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Volume: 34, Issue: 11	1996
Clinical pharmacokinetics of piperacillin-tazobactam combination in patients with major burns and signs of infection. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 40, Issue: 1	1996
The chemistry, pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of piperacillin/tazobactam. The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, Volume: 31 Suppl A	1993
Pharmacokinetic characteristics of piperacillin/tazobactam. Intensive care medicine, Volume: 20 Suppl 3	1994
Pharmacodynamics of piperacillin alone and in combination with tazobactam against piperacillin-resistant and -susceptible organisms in an in vitro model of infection. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 38, Issue: 10	1994
[Comprehensive evaluation of pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on tazobactam/piperacillin in pediatric field]. The Japanese journal of antibiotics, Volume: 48, Issue: 3	1995
Pharmacokinetics of tazobactam M1 metabolite after administration of piperacillin/tazobactam in subjects with renal impairment. Journal of clinical pharmacology, Volume: 34, Issue: 12	1994
Single-dose pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and tazobactam in infants and children. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 38, Issue: 12	1994
Combination beta-lactam and beta-lactamase-inhibitor therapy: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations. American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists, Mar-15, Volume: 52, Issue: 6 Suppl 2	1995
Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of piperacillin/tazobactam with particular reference to its potential in abdominal and soft tissue infections. The European journal of surgery. Supplement. : = Acta chirurgica. Supplement, Issue: 573	1994
In vitro pharmacodynamics of piperacillin, piperacillin-tazobactam, and ciprofloxacin alone and in combination against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 39, Issue: 8	1995
Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of tazobactam administered alone and with piperacillin. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 35, Issue: 6	1991
Pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of tazobactam and piperacillin in patients undergoing colorectal surgery. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Volume: 36, Issue: 9	1992
Single-dose pharmacokinetics of piperacillin and tazobactam in patients with renal disease. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Volume: 51, Issue: 1	1992
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Article	Year
Expanded studies of piperacillin/tazobactam formulations: variations among branded product lots and assessment of 46 generic lots. Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease, Volume: 65, Issue: 3	2009
Pharmacokinetic properties of beta-lactamase inhibitors. International journal of clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, Volume: 37, Issue: 2	1999
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

tazobactam

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (90)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Roles (3)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (38)

Inhibition Measurements

Other Measurements

Biological Processes (7)

Molecular Functions (13)

Ceullar Components (5)

Bioassays (335)

Research

Studies (1,274)

Study Types

Clinical Trials (139)

Trial Overview

Trial Outcomes

Number of Participants Discontinuing Study Therapy Due to AE

Number of Participants With ≥1 Adverse Events (AEs)

Percentage of Participants With a Clinical Response of Cure at the End of Treatment Visit

Percentage of Participants With a Clinical Response of Cure at the Test of Cure Visit

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Eradication of All Baseline Pathogens at the End of Treatment Visit

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Eradication of All Baseline Pathogens at the Test of Cure Visit

"Percentage of Participants With a Clinical Response of Cure at the End of Treatment (EOT) Visit"

"Percentage of Participants With a Clinical Response of Cure at the Test of Cure (TOC) Visit"

Number of Participants Experiencing ≥1 Adverse Events (AEs)

Number of Participants Who Discontinued Study Therapy Due to AE(s)

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Eradication at the EOT Visit

Percentage of Participants With Microbiological Eradication at the TOC Visit

Complications

Duration of Antibiotic Therapy

Length of Stay

Number of Radiographic Imaging Studies

Parents Away From Work

Recurrent Appendicitis

Number of Percutaneous Drainage Procedures

Quality of Life (PedsQL)

Quality of Life (PedsQL)

Hospital Infection Related Length of Stay (IRLOS)

Hospital Length of Stay (LOS)

Number of Participants Eligible to Switch to Oral Formulation According to Blinded Observer's Assessment

Number of Participants With Clinical Success at Test Of Cure Visit

Microbiological Response

30 Day All-cause Mortality in the MITT Analysis Set

30 Day All-cause Mortality in the mMITT Analysis Set

Favorable Microbiological Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at TOC.

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response at End of Inpatient Intravenous Therapy (EOIV)

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the CE Analysis Set at LFU.

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the CE Analysis Set at TOC

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the Clinically Evaluable (CE) Analysis Set at EOIV.

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the ME Analysis Set at EOIV.

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the ME Analysis Set at LFU.

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the ME Analysis Set at TOC

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the Microbiological Modified Intent-to-treat (mMITT) Analysis Set at EOIV.

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the MITT Analysis Set at Late Follow-Up (LFU)

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the MITT Analysis Set at TOC

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at Late Follow-Up (LFU)

Number of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at Test of Cure (TOC)

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the ME Analysis Set at EOIV.

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the ME Analysis Set at LFU

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the ME Analysis Set at TOC.

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at EOIV.

Number of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response in the mMITT Analysis Set at LFU.

Number of Participants With Infection-related Mortality in the MITT Analysis Set at LFU

Number of Participants With Infection-related Mortality in the MITT Analysis Set at TOC

Number of Participants With Infection-related Mortality in the mMITT Analysis Set at LFU.

Number of Participants With Infection-related Mortality the mMITT Analysis Set at TOC

Percentage of Participants Who Discontinued Treatment Due to an AE

Percentage of Participants With Both Favorable Clinical and Microbiological Response Assessments at FUA Day 10 of Post-antibiotic Study Therapy

Percentage of Participants With Drug-related AEs

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response Assessments at Day 5 of IV Study Therapy

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response Assessments at Discontinuation of Intravenous (IV) Study Therapy (DCIV)

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Clinical Response Assessments at Follow-up Assessment (FUA) Day 10 of Post-antibiotic Study Therapy

Percentage of Participants With Favorable Microbiological Response Assessments at FUA Day 10 of Post-antibiotic Study Therapy