Compounds > cancidas
Page last updated: 2024-11-09

cancidas

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID2826718
CHEMBL ID499808
SCHEMBL ID6726364
MeSH IDM0394323

Synonyms (14)

Synonym
pneumocandin b0, 1-[(4r,5s)-5-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-n2-(10,12-dimethyl-1-oxotetradecyl)-4-hydroxy-l-ornithine]-5-(threo-3-hydroxy-l-ornithine)-
pneumocandin b0, 1-[(4r,5s)-5-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]-n2-(10,12-dimethyl-1-oxotetradecyl)-4-hydroxy-l-ornithine]-5-[(3r)-3-hydroxy-l-ornithine]- (9ci)
cancidas (tn)
caspofungin (inn)
D07626
mk-991
CHEMBL499808
JYIKNQVWKBUSNH-OGZDCFRISA-N
SCHEMBL6726364
bdbm50478215
Q420875
A899454
nsc754342
nsc-754342

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Clinical adverse events occurred in seven patients (78%); none were considered drug related."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
Adamson, PC; Bi, S; Bradshaw, SK; Dockendorf, MF; Jafri, HS; Kartsonis, NA; Knapp, K; Neely, M; Seibel, N; Stone, JA; Strohmaier, KM; Sun, P, 2009)		0.35

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Antifungal-drug pharmacokinetics was simulated in vitro, assuming a one-compartment model with an elimination half-life of 3 h and using a wide (1 to 10,000) range of initial concentrations."( Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal effects against Candida albicans.
Couet, W; Grégoire, N; Marliat, M; Venisse, N, 2008)		0.35
" Assessment of pharmacodynamic interactions between antifungal and antibacterial agents is complicated by the absence of a common antifungal end point for both agents."( Isobolographic analysis of pharmacodynamic interactions between antifungal agents and ciprofloxacin against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.
Meletiadis, J; Papaioannidou, P; Roilides, E; Sein, T; Stergiopoulou, T; Tsiouris, I; Walsh, TJ, 2008)		0.35
" pharmacokinetic data on 670 drugs representing, to our knowledge, the largest publicly available set of human clinical pharmacokinetic data."( Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
Lombardo, F; Obach, RS; Waters, NJ, 2008)		0.35
"3 microg-h/ml, the peak concentration (C(1)) was 17."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
Adamson, PC; Bi, S; Bradshaw, SK; Dockendorf, MF; Jafri, HS; Kartsonis, NA; Knapp, K; Neely, M; Seibel, N; Stone, JA; Strohmaier, KM; Sun, P, 2009)		0.35
"Previous pharmacodynamic studies using in vivo candidiasis models have demonstrated that the 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/MIC is a good descriptor of the echinocandin exposure-response relationship."( In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
Andes, D; Bohrmuller, J; Diekema, DJ; Lepak, A; Marchillo, K; Pfaller, MA, 2010)		0.36

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" The high dose of 10 mg/kg/day for 10 days did not appear to be necessary since a high-dose-step-down dosing schedule with 10 mg/kg/day for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day for 7 days was equally effective."( Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
Bakker-Woudenberg, IA; Laurijsens, J; Mathot, RA; Rijnders, BJ; Tavakol, M; ten Kate, MT; van de Sande, WW; van Vianen, W; Vissers, J, 2008)		0.35
"Although information about the efficacy and safety experience with caspofungin at 50 mg/m(2) daily is available for children and adolescents, the dosing regimen in infants and toddlers 3 to 24 months of age has yet to be established."( Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
Adamson, PC; Bi, S; Bradshaw, SK; Dockendorf, MF; Jafri, HS; Kartsonis, NA; Knapp, K; Neely, M; Seibel, N; Stone, JA; Strohmaier, KM; Sun, P, 2009)		0.35
" Increasing the standard dosing regimen may have some effect and may be clinically useful if no alternatives are available."( Efficacy of posaconazole against three clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with mutations in the cyp51A gene.
Brüggemann, RJ; Mavridou, E; Melchers, WJ; Mouton, JW; Verweij, PE, 2010)		0.36
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (2)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase catalytic subunit Candida albicansIC50 (µMol)0.00020.00020.00020.0002AID749847
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)6.00000.00401.966610.0000AID1873196
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (14)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
lipid transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
urate transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
biotin transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
sphingolipid biosynthetic processBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
riboflavin transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
urate metabolic processBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
transepithelial transportBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
renal urate salt excretionBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
export across plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
transport across blood-brain barrierBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular detoxificationBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transport across blood-brain barrierBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (14)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
protein bindingBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
ABC-type xenobiotic transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
urate transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
biotin transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
efflux transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
riboflavin transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
ATPase-coupled transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic transmembrane transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
sphingolipid transporter activityBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (7)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nucleoplasmBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
apical plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
brush border membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane raftBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
external side of apical plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneBroad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (2983)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID563617Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4003 assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID372887Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 06-067-1639 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID525414Antifungal activity against 1.04 x 10'8 CFU fluconazole-susceptible Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected neutropenic CD1 mouse disseminated candidiasis model assessed as reduction in kidney tissue fungal burden at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered 24 hrs pos2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID1494189Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID1726240Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 of human HepG2 cells to MIC of antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 200956
AID584146Induction of change in outer mitochondrial membrane protein porin protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to c2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323298Antifungal activity against Candida albicans Y109 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID544190Activity at Candida albicans 194 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p C1934T/G4082R mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID647829Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis after 24 hrs by serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Total synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new echinocandin-like antifungal cyclolipohexapeptides.
AID577662Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 3.2 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID530562Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT infected in NMRI mouse assessed as survival rate at 2.25 mg/kg, ip2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID532138Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID533026Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 9197 grown as planktonic cell on 16HBE cell after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Aspergillus fumigatus forms biofilms with reduced antifungal drug susceptibility on bronchial epithelial cells.
AID531235Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro susceptibilities of invasive isolates of Candida species: rapid increase in rates of fluconazole susceptible-dose dependent Candida glabrata isolates.
AID283337Antifungal activity against Rhizopus spp after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID583712Induction of change in carbonic anhydrase family gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522744Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583312Induction of change in hypothetical protein locus AFUA_5G14680 level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583735Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_3G02730 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1726238Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability by XTT assay
AID532343Antifungal activity against Scedosporium prolificans by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID368255Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A44 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID386145Effect on increase sub apical branching in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as branching index at 5 ng/mL after 5 hrs2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID522745Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID544171Inhibition of Candida albicans 90 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p G4082R mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID519435Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-4428 obtained from skin of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID432293Decrease in germinated Aspergillus fumigatus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 128 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID522727Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID434765Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 2 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID323312Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis B71507 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID525326Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 15 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID434792Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 9 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID531156Inhibition of Candida orthopsilosis 981224 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID544176Activity at Candida albicans 90028 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID581205AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID545311Antimicrobial activity against Candida guilliermondii after 48 hrs by 80% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID574266Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans BF-1 biofilms by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID582579Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 42997 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase Fks1p F625S mutant/wild type Fks2p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID587485Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L44 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID530964Antifungal activity against Fluconazole resistant Candida albicans clinical isolate 17 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID572381Antifungal activity against Candida krusei grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID434629Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 3 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID531155Inhibition of Candida orthopsilosis H10 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID518788Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4720 expressing fks2 S645P mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID525293Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 11 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID433592Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID575108Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 41 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID433591Antifungal activity against Candida haemulonii after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID531338Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata isolate 7754 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.
AID583738Induction of change in Iron-sulfur cluster assembly accessory protein subfamily, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519319Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ASAT level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day, ip for 7 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=51.2+/-9.4 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID559888Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 50% fungal growth reduction at 32 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID283213Growth inhibition of Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by broth dilution assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Caspofungin in combination with amphotericin B against Candida parapsilosis.
AID555611Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus ustus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID518978Antifungal activity against slt2 deficient Candida glabrata 200989 assessed as log reduction in bacterial count at 1 ug/ml by time-kill analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID1477781Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus TCC MYA3626 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID574249Antifungal activity against 10'7 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID370362Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A29 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID545178Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from wound of patient 22 days after admission by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID324333Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073 in presence of 20% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID516170Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 98-17 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID322981Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Concentration-dependent synergy and antagonism within a triple antifungal drug combination against Aspergillus species: analysis by a new response surface model.
AID374480Ratio of MIC50 for Candida krusei isolate 0013-054 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida krusei isolate 0013-054 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID407047Antimicrobial activity against Cdr1, Cdr2 and Mdr1 deficient Candida albicans DSY1050 intact biofilms after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID374491Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate 0011-013 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID545175Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from tracheal suction of patient 17 days after admission2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID587496Antifungal activity against drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB assessed as change in hyphal morphology by YPD medium2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID433605Antifungal activity against Candida norvegensis after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID432298Antifungal activity against nongerminated Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as absence of visual fungal growth at 128 ug/mL2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID544152Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans A15-10 harboring FKS1 T1933C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645P mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID583289Induction of change in 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative t2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587292Induction of change in cell wall protein PhiA protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID535627Inhibition of Candida tropicalis T19 blood stream isolate glucan synthase subunit FKS1p with FLTLS/PLRDP mutant at monophasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID373016Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus ATCC 204304 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID583496Induction of change in transaldolase protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532351Antifungal activity against Bipolaris australiensis by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID416231Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 infected in excised human skin assessed as inhibition of invasive colonized hyphal growth at dermis at ED90 after 4 days by Uvitex-2B staining-based fluorescence mi2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID584166Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit S15, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID497802Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata assessed as time to kill at 4 ug/ml2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID584163Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit S4, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323268Antifungal activity against Candida albicans AM2003/0083 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID434906Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545191Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S infected in NMRI mouse assessed as decrease in kidney bacterial burden at 6 mg/kg, ip measured on day 42009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID386106Induction of gfaB gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID323288Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NR3 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID582559Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 5416 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p W1375L mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID518980Increase in slt2 gene expression in Candida glabrata 200989 at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml after 10 mins by RT-PCR analysis relative to control2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID575206Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella echinulata FMR 10974 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID525094Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 16 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID532339Antifungal activity against Rhizopus species by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID582554Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 41026 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p F659S mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID522747Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID572604Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 4 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID370137Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A1 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID749856Antifungal activity against wild type Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID559646Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as minimum concentration producing >= 100% growth reduction after 24 hrs by M27-A3 microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID581264Cmax in plasma of in 13 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID535404Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SC5314 expressing wild type FKS1 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID546441Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 fks1delta617-649::URA3 deletant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID587395Induction of change in Ribosomal protein S5 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572628Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID1472825Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus ATCC MYA-3633 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID555801Antimicrobial activity against Hortaea werneckii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID625279Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for bilirubinemia2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID370361Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A28 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID407035Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans FH1 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID386125Induction of lplB gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID433585Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID547567Antifungal activity against Candida krusei after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID581211Cmin in plasma of adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID522776Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID525338Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 27 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID323363Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate assessed as decrease in fungal turbidity in presence of 50% mouse serum by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID583276Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L27e protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525401Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4198 after 24 hrs by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID434656Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID572605Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 5 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID283335Antifungal activity against Rhizomucor spp after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID563424Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-3507 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID581265Cmax in plasma of in 13 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID1494187Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate CG2 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID370351Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A7 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID519317Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ALAT level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=51.3+/-5.2 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID432295Decrease in germinated Aspergillus terreus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 128 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID587382Induction of change in Mitochondrial hypoxia-responsive domain protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587366Induction of change in eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 subunit Eef1-beta, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) a2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374492Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate 0011-013 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID434877Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 1 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID370369Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A36 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID572612Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 16 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID559306Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as change in cellular morphology at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID283330Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella spp after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID581258Cmin in plasma of in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID283091Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID323327Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCS17154969-1 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID583071Induction of change in isocitrate dehydrogenase Idp1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID518792Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 expressing fks1 L644W mutant by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID407036Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans FH1 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID587165Induction of change in SUN domain protein (Uth1), putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID428913Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 24067 after 72 hrs by NCCLS M27A method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
Voriconazole inhibits melanization in Cryptococcus neoformans.
AID544137Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 89 harboring FKS1 C1934A mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645Y mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID587133Induction of change in ubiquitin (UbiC), putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID521794Fungistatic activity against Candida glabrata 4370 assessed as 99.9% reduction of int initial fungal load at 0.5 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID583064Induction of change in cell wall biogenesis protein phosphatase Ssd1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587397Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S10b protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532346Antifungal activity against Penicillium species by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583063Induction of change in 14-alpha sterol demethylase Cyp51A protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587493Induction of change in GPI-anchored cell wall organization protein Ecm33 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID367276Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 24 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID432262Induction of maximal metabolic inhibition in nongerminated Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as minimal metabolic activity Ymin after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID559882Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99% fungal growth reduction at 8 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID522800Inhibition of Candida albicans 177 FKS1 T1922C mutant2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID559668Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99.9% fungal growth reduction at 0.12 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID1863854Downregulation of GUT1 gene expression in Candida cells2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240β-Nitrostyrene derivatives as broad range potential antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall.
AID532154Antifungal activity against Penicillium species2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID555813Antimicrobial activity against Exophiala jeanselmei by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID574261Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID559314Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 32 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID563626Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4001 assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID555796Antimicrobial activity against Scedosporium prolificans by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID405103Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus sp. assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID587490Induction of change in Cytosolic large ribosomal subunit protein L7A protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contr2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID405102Antimicrobial activity against Apophysomyces elegans after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID433613Antifungal activity against Trichosporon after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID525412Fungistatic activity against Candida glabrata 4370 assessed as 99.9% reduction of int initial fungal load at 8 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID545186Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from urine of patient 41 days after admission2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID372862Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus niger isolate 05-112-3701 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% citrate production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID370169Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A2 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1472824Antifungal activity against Aspergillus nidulans ATCC 38163 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID374526Ratio of MIC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-021 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-021 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID434760Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID560000Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 32 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID546071Antifungal activity against Clavispora lusitaniae isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID535615Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 42286 expressing wild type FKS1 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID432128Antifungal activity Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium at 0.19 to 6.25 ug/ml after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID555621Antimicrobial activity against Paecilomyces variotii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID323296Antifungal activity against Candida albicans T26 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID283338Antifungal activity against Syncephalastrum spp after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID1295979Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID509639Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans CAI4R1 expressing heterozygous fsk1 mutant gene by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID283328Antifungal activity against Absidia spp after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID519432Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-4415 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID555581Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID555807Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus oryzae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID583737Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_6G02310 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID560006Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 2 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID583076Induction of change in ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein 2, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583503Induction of change in conserved hypothetical locus AFUA_2G15580 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555609Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus versicolor by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID518071Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida albicans at static dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID432116Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis clinical isolate in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as paradoxical growth-related change in CFU treated for 24 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID372840Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus isolate 0001-061 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID531093Antimicrobial activity against wild type Candida albicans SC5314 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
CYP56 (Dit2p) in Candida albicans: characterization and investigation of its role in growth and antifungal drug susceptibility.
AID555799Antimicrobial activity against Exophiala dermatitidis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID283331Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella spp after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID369161Antifungal activity against Mucor strain 28 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID547564Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID370143Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A14 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID532326Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID555798Antimicrobial activity against Alternaria infectoria by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID583498Induction of change in tripeptidyl-peptidase (TppA), putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contr2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID283212Growth inhibition of Candida parapsilosis after 24 hrs by broth dilution assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Caspofungin in combination with amphotericin B against Candida parapsilosis.
AID1419497Antifungal activity against ITC and FLC-susceptible Candida albicans ATCC MYA-2310 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID1079938Chronic liver disease either proven histopathologically, or through a chonic elevation of serum amino-transferase activity after 6 months. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHRON' in source]
AID522782Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata clinical isolate by broth dilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID532151Antifungal activity against Scedosporium prolificans2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID522750Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID407023Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 at planktonic cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID519296Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus infected in neutropenic rat assessed as survival of rat at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID582591Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 5416 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase wild type Fks1p/Fks2p W1375L mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID386121Induction of rapA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID530960Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID516201Cmax in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 20 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID555808Antimicrobial activity against Mucor spp.by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID323271Antifungal activity against Candida albicans HK04M102095 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID370158Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A36 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID434770Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID581231Clearance in 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID587262Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L10 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID368259Effect on morphology in Candida tropicalis grown as planktonic cells assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 8 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID386098Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as germ tube elongation and branching at 5 ug/mL after 5 hrs2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID370147Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A25 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID555596Antimicrobial activity against Cryptococcus albidus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID407038Antimicrobial activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans FH5 at planktonic cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID547569Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID535616Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 7502008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID587151Induction of change in aldehyde dehydrogenase, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587491Induction of change in BYS1 domain protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID530565Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate A29 by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID555576Antimicrobial activity against Candida pelliculosa by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID374512Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate 0001-073 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID525314Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 2 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID581424Cmax in plasma of in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID555804Antimicrobial activity against Scytalidium hyalinum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID547563Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID544172Inhibition of Candida albicans A15 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1933Y mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID625289Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver disease2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1472815Antifungal activity against itraconazole and fluconazole susceptible Candida albicans ATCC MYA-2876 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID535618Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis T3 blood stream isolate harboring Fks1p FLTLS/PLRDP mutant protein2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID1419499Antifungal activity against ITC and FLC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC MYA-1003 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID555800Antimicrobial activity against Aureobasidium pullulans by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID574062Antifungal activity against 10'5 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID518793Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID547568Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID518786Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4707 expressing fks2 S645P mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID547566Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID749848Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID1477772Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC24433 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID1613848Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID518073Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida parapsilosis infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida parapsilosis at static dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID587390Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S9 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323350Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate in presence of 50% mouse serum after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID559653Antifungal activity against Candida krusei CK6 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID582862Induction of change in nuclear transport factor NTF-2, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID542417Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus terreus clinical isolate after 48 hrs by EUCAST test2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
In vitro activities of various antifungal drugs against Aspergillus terreus: Global assessment using the methodology of the European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
AID545170Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate C at 2 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID326122Paradoxical effect in Candida glabrata assessed as increase in turbidity at 64 times MIC2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID407025Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID577666Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 2 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID434750Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 2 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID704461Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii CLY 346 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID516193Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20553.009 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID532342Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella species by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID326119Paradoxical effect in Candida krusei assessed as increase in turbidity at 64 times MIC2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID368256Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis 22019 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID519680Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in RAD18 gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID425797Antifungal activity against Candida albicans M61 grown as biofilm assessed as maximum inhibition of biofilm metabolic activity at 2 mg/liter after 24 hrs by XTT assay relative to control2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID531239Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro susceptibilities of invasive isolates of Candida species: rapid increase in rates of fluconazole susceptible-dose dependent Candida glabrata isolates.
AID434889Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID434746Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID572411Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 1 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID547353Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID587371Induction of change in ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein 2, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analys2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587376Induction of change in extracellular conserved serine-rich protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID554487Antifungal activity against cnaA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID516172Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 580 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID522775Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID582561Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 218 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID525291Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 13 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID577447Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 2 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID525306Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 21 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID583924Induction of change in Ribosomal L15 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370368Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A35 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID559867Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99.9% fungal growth reduction at 0.5 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID583529Induction of change in ribosomal protein S10 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1079934Highest frequency of acute liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% AIGUE' in source]
AID370186Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A33 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID374668Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Maintenance of therapeutic concentrations of caspofungin after temporary treatment interruption (48 hours) in a child with invasive aspergillosis.
AID575105Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 35 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID323279Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NCPF6525 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID323355Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate in presence of 5% human serum after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID525095Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 15 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID434797Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID544168Inhibition of Candida albicans 122 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p C1946A mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID559658Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei EU123 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID283334Antifungal activity against Rhizomucor spp after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID545195Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 25 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID625280Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholecystitis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID529561Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans grown as planktonic cell by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
In vitro activity of anidulafungin against Candida albicans biofilms.
AID535406Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 2762 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID369156Antifungal activity against Absidia strain 17 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID575205Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella echinulata UTHSC 03-3725 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID326105Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID323294Antifungal activity against Candida albicans T25 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID543921Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 90028 by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID1494185Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus ATCC MYA-3633 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID555589Antimicrobial activity against Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID555577Antimicrobial activity against Candida coliculosa by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID565369Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 9456 by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID372864Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus nidulans isolate 00-202661 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% fumarate production after 72 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID530944Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 at 16.5 uM after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID555569Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID416219Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 infected in excised human skin assessed as inhibition of invasive colonized hyphal growth at epidermis at twofold ED90 after 4 days by Uvitex-2B staining-based f2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID370337Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A35 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID323320Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis J931021 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID323280Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NCPF6525 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID407044Antimicrobial activity against Cdr1, Cdr2 and Mdr1 deficient Candida albicans DSY1050 at planktonic cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID434654Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID433612Antifungal activity against Candida neoformans after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID581252Terminal half life in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID704467Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans MY 2301 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID555612Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niveus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID532325Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID322979Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Concentration-dependent synergy and antagonism within a triple antifungal drug combination against Aspergillus species: analysis by a new response surface model.
AID565365Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10034 after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID555803Antimicrobial activity against Cladophialophora bantiana by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID370142Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A9 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID525319Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 7 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID572404Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 19 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID373017Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus isolate 05-314-1100 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID519294Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus infected in neutropenic rat assessed as survival of rat at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 16 hrs post infection for 10 days2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID1494184Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus ATCC MYA-3631 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID374487Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae isolate 0015-049 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID531181Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC MYA-4439 at 16.5 uM after 5 days by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID565360Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10032 after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID522752Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID545330Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate C after 24 hrs by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID1494191Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans isolate CN1 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID647827Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 24 hrs by serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Total synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new echinocandin-like antifungal cyclolipohexapeptides.
AID508312Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate V28-77 harboring M220I mutation in Cyp51A protein by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Efficacy of posaconazole against three clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with mutations in the cyp51A gene.
AID572602Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 25 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID555566Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID519312Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ALAT level in serum at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=43.9+/-7.9 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID545295Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID559310Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 2 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID323281Antifungal activity against Candida albicans T28 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID521109Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus AF2350 by spectrophotometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Isobolographic analysis of pharmacodynamic interactions between antifungal agents and ciprofloxacin against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID434775Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 11 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587142Induction of change in IgE-binding protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1494172Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans isolate CN2 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID546068Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID559661Antifungal activity against Candida krusei CY118 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID555585Antimicrobial activity against Dipodascus capitatus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID583042Induction of change in cytochrome c protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583516Induction of change in Ribosomal protein S21e gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID531339Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata isolate 7755 expressing FKS2 F659V mutant gene after 24 hrs by broth dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.
AID587261Induction of change in 37S ribosomal protein S24 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370148Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A26 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID497807Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 05 by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID323317Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis J930936 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID432297Decrease in germinated Aspergillus flavus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 128 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID555623Antimicrobial activity against Acremonium sp.by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID522766Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID543927Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3795 by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID434774Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 12 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587374Induction of change in choline oxidase (CodA), putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374498Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate 0036-030 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID544161Inhibition of Candida albicans 177 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1922C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID544181Activity at Candida albicans 177 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1922C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID434907Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID519303Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as creatine level in serum at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=26.7+/-6.1 umol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID545169Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate C at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID545288Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs by NCCLS microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID555592Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon inkin by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID555594Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon dermatis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID587166Induction of change in GNAT family acetyltransferase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583527Induction of change in ribosomal protein L29/heparin/heparan sulfate interacting gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370325Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A20 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID525543Antimicrobial activity against Fonsecaea monophora isolates after 72 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4
In vitro activities of eight antifungal drugs against 55 clinical isolates of Fonsecaea spp.
AID434773Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID323291Antifungal activity against Candida albicans CAI4RI after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID386124Induction of dppA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID535423Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 41509 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID583048Induction of change in antigenic mitochondrial protein HSP60, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370162Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A40 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID559648Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as minimum concentration producing >= 50% growth reduction after 24 hrs by M27-A3 microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID749842Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in DBA/2 mouse assessed as reduction of log CFU in kidney administered 30 mins as ip tid post infection measured after 24 hrs2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID563428Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-3641 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID370364Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A31 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID532335Antifungal activity against Absidia corymbifera by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID407048Antimicrobial activity against Chk1 deficient Candida albicans CHK21 at planktonic cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID425164Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4205 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID575107Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 39 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID370344Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A42 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID563429Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-3672 obtained from cutaneous layer of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID555802Antimicrobial activity against Cladosporium spp. by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID425389Antifungal activity against 1.04 x 10'8 CFU Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected in CD1 mouse assessed as inhibition of regrowth in fungal burden in kidney at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered from day 1 to day 2 post viral challenge measured on day 7 postin2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID583046Induction of change in aldehyde dehydrogenase, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583926Induction of change in ribosomal protein L14 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584161Induction of change in ribosomal protein S14.e protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522748Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID565387Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10032 infected in OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in kidney at 10 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID1863737Downregulation of CDC4 gene expression in Candida cells2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240β-Nitrostyrene derivatives as broad range potential antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall.
AID587479Induction of change in Plasma membrane H-ATPase Pma1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID407050Antimicrobial activity against Chk1 deficient Candida albicans CHK21 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID554506Antifungal activity against cnaA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as decrease in 1, 3-beta-D-glucan cell wall content at 1 ug/ml by aniline blue assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID497811Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 04 in presence of fluconazole by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID434874Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID575121Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID416041Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as inhibition of radial growth rate at 23 degC in darkness2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID1472821Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID323307Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis AMCC after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID432287Decrease in germinated Aspergillus fumigatus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 64 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID582590Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 51916 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase wild type Fks1p/Fks2p P667T mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID581256Cmax in plasma of in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID432256Effect on nongerminated Aspergillus terreus metabolic activity assessed as drug concentration at which fungal metabolic activity occurs after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID519677Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in OP11 gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID323324Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis Leic875 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID326108Antifungal activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID559993Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 0.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID559294Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID323300Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 75/043 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID518090Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata infected in ICR Swiss mouse2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID583073Induction of change in peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370179Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A26 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID560013Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as assessed as decrease in preformed fungal biofilm formation at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID372867Increase in metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 06-067-1639 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to increase >50% glycine betaine production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID530956Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 90906 after 5 days by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID425162Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4198 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID283336Antifungal activity against Rhizopus spp after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID518087Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata infected in neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse assessed log reduction in bacterial count after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID555622Antimicrobial activity against Paecilomyces lilacinus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID546072Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID370165Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A43 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID519424Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-3364 obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID525542Antimicrobial activity against Fonsecaea pedrosoi isolates after 72 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4
In vitro activities of eight antifungal drugs against 55 clinical isolates of Fonsecaea spp.
AID576011Drug level in human aqueous humor sample measured on basis of interday target compound concentration of 30 ng/ml by LC/MS method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry assay for caspofungin in human aqueous humor.
AID374505Ratio of MIC50 for Candida tropicalis isolate 0022-021 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida tropicalis isolate 0022-021 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID370166Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A44 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID572625Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID544188Activity at Candida albicans 122 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p C1946A mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID749858Antifungal activity against wild type Candida lusitaniae MY1396 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID433594Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID544157Inhibition of Candida albicans 1002 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID572378Antifungal activity against Candida albicans grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID530567Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT assessed as amount of glucose in the alkali-insoluble fraction at 0.04 ug/ml2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID323354Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate in presence of 50% mouse serum after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID554489Antifungal activity against crzA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID581412Clearance in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID324325Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus R21 in presence of 20% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID432119Fungistatic activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 15 at 6.25 to 12.5 ug/ml after 24 to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587269Induction of change in Hsp90 binding co-chaperone (Sba1), putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contro2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583501Induction of change in hypothetical protein locus AFUA_8G00430 level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1295976Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID370145Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A20 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID565376Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 9456 assessed as compound concentration at which paradoxical growth of observed after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID554514Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus H237 assessed as increase in chitin cell wall content at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID432248Ratio of log2 of MEC for germinated Aspergillus terreus to log2 of MEC for nongerminated Aspergillus terreus2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID283103Metabolic activity of Aspergillus terreus at 8 ug/ml by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID285865Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.06 ug/ml by EUCAST method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID434778Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID369158Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella sp. strain 12 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID555620Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium verticillioides by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID584151Induction of change in Mn superoxide dismutase MnSOD protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID581204Clearance in 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID370338Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A36 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID386114Induction of hocA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID519447Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya pseudofischeri isolate CNM-CM-3914 obtained from nail of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID531148Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 36082 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID532143Antifungal activity against Absidia corymbifera2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID563435Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-5094 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID587379Induction of change in tripeptidyl-peptidase (TppA), putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555806Antimicrobial activity against Mycocladus corymbiferus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID583942Induction of change in IgE-binding gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370178Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A25 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID545183Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R obtained from urine of patient 38 days after admission by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID525297Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 6 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID324348Ratio of MIC for Aspergillus flavus to MIC for Aspergillus flavus in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID531163Inhibition of Candida albicans ATCC 90028 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID370163Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A41 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID425386Antifungal activity against 2.44 x 10'8 CFU Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected in CD1 mouse assessed as inhibition of regrowth in fungal burden in kidney at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered from day 1 to day 2 post viral challenge measured on day 3 postin2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID283090Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID1613841Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC 64124 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID1717516Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID555613Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus sclerotiorum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID1729747Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 28707 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID531340Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata isolate 7754 after 24 hrs by broth dilution method in presence of 50% of human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.
AID583923Induction of change in ribosomal protein S23 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522796Inhibition of Candida glabrata ATCC 90030 wild type FKS2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID374335Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 0012-025 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID434881Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587492Induction of change in Translation elongation factor eEF-3, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545174Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from tracheal suction of patient 5 days after admission by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID581403Terminal half life in 13 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID386107Induction of chsB gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID416212Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as cell wall rigidity deffect-related increase in apical cell diameter at 0.025 ug/ml after 3 days by differential interference contrast microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID529546Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 06-3170 harboring FSK1p T1896G and D632E mutant obtained from patient on compound therapy by M27-A2 method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Reduced Candida glabrata susceptibility secondary to an FKS1 mutation developed during candidemia treatment.
AID572631Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 1 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID587396Induction of change in Ribosomal L18ae protein family protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID283097Metabolic activity of Aspergillus terreus by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID583522Induction of change in 60S acidic ribosomal protein P2 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432291Decrease in germinated Aspergillus flavus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 64 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID583509Induction of change in C2H2 transcription factor (Rpn4), putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432129Fungistatic activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 4 at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID532125Antifungal activity against Candida albicans2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID581203Terminal half life in 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID374348Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID740976Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 24 hrs2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID565354Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 9453 after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID535628Inhibition of Candida tropicalis T19 blood stream isolate glucan synthase subunit FKS1p with FLTLS/PLRDP mutant at biphasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID509646Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans CAI4 by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID535405Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 4715 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID544127Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 119 harboring FKS1 T1921C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 F641L mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID323305Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 910Aa after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID531153Inhibition of Candida parapsilosis H4 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID370153Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A31 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID749861Antifungal activity against wild type Candida albicans MY1055 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID518077Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida albicans at 1 log kill dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID532156Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID324338Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans ATCC 90028 in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID518076Ratio of fAUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida parapsilosis infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida parapsilosis at static dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID509640Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans T25 by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID572620Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 21 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID1472823Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus ATCC MYA-3631 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID386109Induction of gelA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID544189Activity at Candida albicans 121 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p G4082A mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID324321Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans 36082 assessed as incorporation of [3H]uridine diphosphoglucose in presence of 50% serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID563629Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4352 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID432260Effect on germinated Aspergillus flavus metabolic activity assessed as drug concentration at which fungal metabolic activity occurs after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID544151Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans A15 harboring FKS1 T1933Y mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645S/P mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID370183Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A30 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID581414AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID560002Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID680906TP_TRANSPORTER: cell accumulation of vinblastine in KB-V1 cells2005Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5
Hepatic uptake of the novel antifungal agent caspofungin.
AID434742Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 10 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID519301Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as creatine level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day, ip for 7 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=34.8+/-5.8 umol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID370323Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A14 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID323373Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate in presence of 5% human serum after 22 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID545287Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs by NCCLS microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID283333Antifungal activity against Mucor spp after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID519305Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as creatine level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=26.7+/-6.1 umol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID544187Activity at Candida albicans 149 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p G1942T mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID326116Paradoxical effect in Candida tropicalis assessed as increase in turbidity at 64 times MIC2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID531154Inhibition of Candida parapsilosis H5 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID374525Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-021 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID572396Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 13 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID555579Antimicrobial activity against Candida intermedia by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID1613845Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC MYA-1237 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID367272Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans MY1055 after 24 hrs in presence of 50% mouse serum by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID434909Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID434869Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 3 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID572619Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 20 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID555575Antimicrobial activity against Candida famata by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID581209AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID434655Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 14 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID351874Inhibition of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase EMFR-S678P/WT mutant from Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as incorporation of [3H]glucose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID554678Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as increase in calcofluor white staining og conidia at 1 ug/ml after 16 hrs by fluorescence microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID555607Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus nidulans by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID324340Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans ATCC 36082 in presence of 10% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID535425Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 42996 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID1494181Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID1726236Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 200956 by CLSI standard M27 broth microdilution method
AID372839Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus isolate 0001-061 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID283339Antifungal activity against Syncephalastrum spp after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID432288Decrease in nongerminated Aspergillus terreus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 64 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID531166Inhibition of Candida glabrata ATCC 90030 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID1613844Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-susceptible Candida albicans ATCC MYA-2310 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID497799Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID545309Antimicrobial activity against Candida lusitaniae after 48 hrs by 80% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID520618Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis by microdilution AFST-EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Prevalence and susceptibility profile of Candida metapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis: results from population-based surveillance of candidemia in Spain.
AID555583Antimicrobial activity against Candida pintolopesii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID555586Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID407042Antimicrobial activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans FH5 intact biofilms after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID563622Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-3177 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID531237Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro susceptibilities of invasive isolates of Candida species: rapid increase in rates of fluconazole susceptible-dose dependent Candida glabrata isolates.
AID1613846Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC MYA-1003 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID545151Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID582575Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 5416 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p W1375L mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID543926Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3795 by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID572390Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 4 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID525328Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 17 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID582587Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 3830 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase wild type Fks1p/Fks2p S663P mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID583060Induction of change in SUN domain protein (Uth1), putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID560008Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 8 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID544177Activity at Candida albicans 1002 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID546079Antifungal activity against Candida lipolytica isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID574251Antifungal activity against 10'8 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID749846Inhibition of caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans CLY-16996 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase component FKS1/FKS1 S645F mutant using UDP[6,3H]-glucose as substrate after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting analysis2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID530979Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus ATCC 204304 at 16.5 uM after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID531160Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742-FKS1P649A mutant glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID559652Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei CK2 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID532145Antifungal activity against Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID584149Induction of change in fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, class II protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID544160Inhibition of Candida albicans 119 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1921C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID583309Induction of change in antigenic mitochondrial protein HSP60, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1494182Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID555618Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium proliferatum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID583934Induction of change in Ribosomal protein L31e gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1692944Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mouse survival at 0.5 mg/kg, ip bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days relative to control2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID574263Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 biofilms by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID386112Induction of agtA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID574267Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml biofilm-derived Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells hrs by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1295978Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 75 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID519430Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-4370 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID583964Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein l21 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1477779Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus TCC 204304 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID522692Fungicidal activity against Candida orthopsilosis isolate ATC194 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID545156Antimicrobial activity against Candida lusitaniae after 48 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583949Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein yl17-b protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583281Induction of change in heat shock protein Hsp98/Hsp104/ClpA, putative protein level in iTRAQ121 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323290Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NR4 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID559647Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms after 48 hrs by M27-A3 microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID545315Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by 50% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID587134Induction of change in Ribosomal protein L31e protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID582485Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 90030 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID531165Inhibition of Candida albicans M122 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID581206Cmax in plasma of 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID740973Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 24 hrs2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID425798Antifungal activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 grown as biofilm assessed as maximum inhibition of biofilm metabolic activity at 2 mg/liter after 24 hrs by XTT assay relative to control2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID1494175Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-susceptible Candida albicans ATCC MYA-2876 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID572383Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID740969Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 48 hrs2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID544162Inhibition of Candida albicans 2762 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1922C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID544156Inhibition of Candida albicans 90028 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID326110Paradoxical effect in Candida albicans assessed as increase in turbidity at 64 times MIC2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID386105Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as increase in germ tube2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID555606Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID583754Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit S15, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1729791Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of sorbitol by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID434754Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583519Induction of change in ribosomal protein S15, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555610Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus ochraceus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID522731Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583043Induction of change in hypothetical protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434905Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545208Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 1 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID519068Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 3153 after 48 hrs2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal effects against Candida albicans.
AID525541Antimicrobial activity against Fonsecaea isolates after 72 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4
In vitro activities of eight antifungal drugs against 55 clinical isolates of Fonsecaea spp.
AID370320Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A7 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID555626Antimicrobial activity against Phialemonium curvatum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID546069Antifungal activity against Candida krusei isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID370309Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A38 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID555866Antimicrobial activity against Beauveria bassiana by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID416214Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as cell wall rigidity deffect-related cell wall swelling at 0.25 ug/ml after 3 days by differential interference contrast microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID434788Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID532131Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID582566Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 3169 expressing Fks1p D632E mutant and wild type Fks2p by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID1419496Antifungal activity against ITC and FLC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC MYA-90819 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID555797Antimicrobial activity against Alternaria alternata by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID587155Induction of change in ATP citrate lyase subunit (Acl), putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370326Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A24 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID374515Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-0016 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID516190Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20423.072 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID544184Activity at Candida albicans 5415 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1933C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID583305Induction of change in CipC-like antibiotic response protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID324324Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus R21 in presence of 10% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID531205Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 14053 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID581250Cmin in plasma of in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID544150Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans A15 harboring FKS1 T1933Y mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645S/P mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID555627Antimicrobial activity against Hormographiella aspergillata by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID555795Antimicrobial activity against Scedosporium apiospermum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID1717519Antifungal activity against Candida krusei incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID370367Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A34 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID433590Antifungal activity against Candida kefyr after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID323371Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate after 22 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID530561Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT assessed as partial growth inhibition by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID583511Induction of change in siderochrome-iron transporter, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434625Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID560010Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 32 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID433587Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID516185Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis 20463.02 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID583727Induction of change in ATP synthase proteolipid P2, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532330Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID555630Antimicrobial activity against Hormographiella verticillata by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID434781Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID544175Activity at Candida albicans 36082 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID554488Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 expressing cnaA gene assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID522725Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID587384Induction of change in Mitochondrial hypoxia-responsive domain protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID386100Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as tip swelling at 5 ng/mL after 5 hrs2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID555571Antimicrobial activity against Candida guilliermondii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID285854Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.06 ug/ml by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID544185Activity at Candida albicans 89 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p C1934A mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID516179Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 32930 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID572387Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 15 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID587271Induction of change in 14-alpha sterol demethylase Cyp51A protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587255Induction of change in peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583302Induction of change in Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein 1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relat2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555629Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium reticulatum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID532328Antifungal activity against Trichosporon asahii by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID582580Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 5847 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase Fks1p S629P mutant/wild type Fks2p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID545199Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 1 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID521106Antifungal activity against Candida albicans CA5685 by spectrophotometry2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Isobolographic analysis of pharmacodynamic interactions between antifungal agents and ciprofloxacin against Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID530963Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 90030 after 48 hrs by CLSI methodCandida glabrata2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID583524Induction of change in cytosolic ribosomal protein (Rps29a), putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555582Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID510308Antimicrobial activity against flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistant Candida glabrata bloodstream isolate 2 harboring Fur1 G109D mutation serially obtained from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acquisition of flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates serially obtained from a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient.
AID583066Induction of change in secreted dipeptidyl peptidase DppV protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID530959Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 90113 after 72 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID373023Increase in metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 06-067-1639 assessed as paradoxical increase in glycine betain, fumarate, succinate level at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID370138Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A2 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID283100Metabolic activity of Aspergillus terreus at 1 ug/ml after 2 hrs by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID583044Induction of change in cytochrome b5, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1717517Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID519443Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya hiratsukae isolate CNM-CM-4328 obtained from cornea of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID323289Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NR4 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID370328Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A26 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID531238Antifungal activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro susceptibilities of invasive isolates of Candida species: rapid increase in rates of fluconazole susceptible-dose dependent Candida glabrata isolates.
AID582577Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 218 wild type 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID587267Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S8e protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1419500Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID531157Inhibition of Candida metapsilosis am-2006-0113 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID374332Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate 0014-074 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID497806Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 04 by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID519300Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as creatine level in serum at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=34.8+/-5.8 umol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID535623Inhibition of Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 glucan synthase subunit FKS1p at monophasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID559892Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as minimum concentration producing >= 50% growth reduction after 48 hrs by M27-A3 microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID522729Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID749851Antifungal activity against Candida albicans CAI4-R1 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID434637Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522754Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID581407Cmax in plasma of in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID545290Antimicrobial activity against Candida lusitaniae after 48 hrs by NCCLS microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID581210Cmax in plasma of adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID323351Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate in presence of 5% human serum after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID582555Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 3830 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p S663P mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID1692909Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 assessed as fungal growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs by liquid microdilution method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID386119Induction of dfgC gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID559296Ratio of SMIC for Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm to MIC for Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 planktonic cells2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID405104Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus arrhizus assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID370331Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A29 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID560003Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 0.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID370174Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A14 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID577661Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 3.2 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID583054Induction of change in phosphoglycerate kinase PgkA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID531194Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC 10218 at 16.5 uM after 5 days by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID518089Antifungal activity against Candida albicans infected in ICR Swiss mouse2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID563632Antifungal activity against Aspergillus foetidus isolate CM-4995 obtained from prosthesis assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID554512Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus H237 expressing dominant-active rasA assessed as increase in chitin cell wall content at 1 ug/ml2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID572408Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 23 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS2 point mutant grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID545304Antimicrobial activity against Candida guilliermondii after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID532132Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID432289Decrease in germinated Aspergillus terreus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 64 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID555597Antimicrobial activity against Ustilago spp by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID581241AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID1070220Antifungal activity against echinocandin-resistant Candida glabrata FP2307 in human serum assessed as hyphal growth inhibition after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antifungal activity of ASP9726, a novel echinocandin with potent Aspergillus hyphal growth inhibition.
AID434751Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 1 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587276Induction of change in mitochondrial hypoxia responsive domain protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519324Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID545205Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 1 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID323278Antifungal activity against Candida albicans JIMS146204 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID545201Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 25 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID581404AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID324336Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans ATCC 90028 in presence of 10% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID433602Antifungal activity against Candida africana after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID545324Antimicrobial activity against Candida kefyr after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583072Induction of change in transcriptional repressor TupA/RocA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370150Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A28 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID516195Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20511.092 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID323352Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID1717631Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus CF1083 infected in iv dosed mouse model of pulmonary aspergillosis administered once daily for 4 days and measured on day 142020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID323310Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis ANSA 23a after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID325032Inhibition of FKS1 from Candida krusei 98 isolate2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Acquired echinocandin resistance in a Candida krusei isolate due to modification of glucan synthase.
AID370172Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A8 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID370189Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A36 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1692911Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 assessed as fungal growth inhibition measured after 24 hrs in presence of 50% mouse serum by liquid microdilution method2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID434901Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522736Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID581428Terminal half life in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID583724Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_8G00970 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1079942Steatosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'STEAT' in source]
AID530574Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT assessed as FKS1 expression by RT-PCR relative to control2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID555602Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon spp. by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID368263Effect on morphology in Candida tropicalis grown as planktonic cells assessed as rounding and clumping at 8 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID544167Inhibition of Candida albicans 149 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p G1942T mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID518074Ratio of fAUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida albicans at static dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID740968Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 48 hrs in presence of 50% human serum2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID324343Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans SC53142007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID625281Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cholelithiasis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID407033Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans FH1 at planktonic cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID369162Antifungal activity against Mucor strain 39 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID370350Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A4 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID555631Antimicrobial activity against Chrysonilia sitophila by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID1419494Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 64124 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID373011Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus isolate 04-188-2548 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID582486Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 218 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID563427Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-3636 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID575119Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 73 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID283098Metabolic activity of Aspergillus flavus by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID373022Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% malate production after 72 hrs in presence of 0.2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID434624Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID370322Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A9 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID521045Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 200989 at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml by time-kill analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID555595Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon jirovecii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID432265Induction of maximal metabolic inhibition in germinated Aspergillus terreus assessed as minimal metabolic activity Ymin after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID434904Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587398Induction of change in Ribosomal protein S13p/S18e protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID405108Antimicrobial activity against Mucor circinelloides assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID555614Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus glaucus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID545301Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID563620Antifungal activity against Aspergillus foetidus isolate CM-5264 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID547546Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus gattii after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID576010Drug level in human aqueous humor sample measured on basis of intraday target compound concentration of 4000 ng/ml by LC/MS method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry assay for caspofungin in human aqueous humor.
AID370316Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis 22019 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID577663Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 8 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID583295Induction of change in eukaryotic translation initiation factor subunit eIF-4F, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS)2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522767Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID577665Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 8 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID543916Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID1717588Inhibition of Beta-1,3-glucan synthase in wild type Schizosaccharomyces pombe2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID434786Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID1494192Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans isolate CN3 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID555604Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus terreus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID370334Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A32 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID325031Antifungal activity against FKS1 T2080K mutation containing Candida krusei 100 isolate from acute myelogenous leukemia patient by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Acquired echinocandin resistance in a Candida krusei isolate due to modification of glucan synthase.
AID544170Inhibition of Candida albicans 194 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p C1934T/G4082R mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID1419495Antifungal activity against ITC and FLC-susceptible Candida albicans ATCC MYA-2876 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID531233Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro susceptibilities of invasive isolates of Candida species: rapid increase in rates of fluconazole susceptible-dose dependent Candida glabrata isolates.
AID559880Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 50% fungal growth reduction at 8 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID1079944Benign tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.BEN' in source]
AID374495Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate 0026-003 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID583716Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_3G13080 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1692936Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in DBA/2 mouse model of disseminated candidiasis assessed as reduction in fungal burden in kidney by measuring log change in colony forming units at 0.03 mg/kg, ip bid for 7 days by TOKA2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID323311Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis B71507 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID522703Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as induction of miniparadoxical effect at 16 mg/L after 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID555567Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID433584Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID1295980Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID373018Increase in metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 06-067-1639 assessed as paradoxical increase in glycine betaine, fumarate and succinate level at >= 0.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID324318Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans 36082 assessed as incorporation of [3H]uridine diphosphoglucose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID434872Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 11 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522791Antifungal activity against wild type Candida albicans ATCC 900282010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID587385Induction of change in Plasma membrane H-ATPase Pma1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID283329Antifungal activity against Absidia spp after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID285863Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.015 ug/ml by EUCAST method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID583931Induction of change in alkaline serine protease gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587284Induction of change in isocitrate dehydrogenase Idp1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587391Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein P0 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID283206Antimicrobial activity against polyene-resistant Candida glabrata 21229 isolate by E-test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Reduced susceptibility to polyenes associated with a missense mutation in the ERG6 gene in a clinical isolate of Candida glabrata with pseudohyphal growth.
AID583508Induction of change in Ctr copper transporter family gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1717500Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans H99 incubated for 72 hrs by CLSI M27A method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID367278Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 after 48 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID522801Inhibition of Candida albicans 205 FKS1 T1933C mutant2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID545165Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate C after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID370372Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A39 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID555570Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID374478Antifungal activity against Candida krusei isolate 0013-054 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID583304Induction of change in nuclear transport factor NTF-2, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID681165TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport (basal to apical) in mdr1a-expressing LLC-PK1 cell2001The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 296, Issue:3
In vitro substrate identification studies for p-glycoprotein-mediated transport: species difference and predictability of in vivo results.
AID535411Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 43001 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID374517Ratio of MIC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-0016 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-0016 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID323303Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 90/033 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID434871Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 1 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587146Induction of change in IgE-binding protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID582550Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 3169 expressing Fks1p D632E mutant and wild type Fks2p by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID368254Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A43 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID704469Antifungal activity against Candida krusei CLY 549 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID351869Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus expressing wild-type fks1 gene KU80delta after 24 to 48 hrs by broth dilution susceptibility test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID546078Antifungal activity against Candida kefyr isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID749854Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 caspofungin spontaneous resistance mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID587275Induction of change in 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contr2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID704472Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis MY 1012 after 40 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID323295Antifungal activity against Candida albicans T26 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID367271Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans MY1055 after 24 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID518091Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis infected in ICR Swiss mouse2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID535412Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 42996 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID531158Inhibition of Candida metapsilosis 960161 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID324328Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 in presence of 10% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID432250Antifungal activity against germinated Aspergillus flavus assessed as lowest drug concentration that produced short, stubby and highly branched hyphae after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID581247Cmax in plasma of in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID559875Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99.9% fungal growth reduction at 2 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID559893Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as minimum concentration producing >= 100% growth reduction after 48 hrs by M27-A3 microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID581225Cmin in plasma of adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID374501Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID368253Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A42 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID587402Induction of change in Translation elongation factor eEF-3, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID416217Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 infected in excised human skin assessed as inhibition of invasive colonized hyphal growth at epidermis at ED50 after 4 days by Uvitex-2B staining-based fluoresce2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID530569Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT assessed as amount of beta-(1,3)-glucan at 0.04 ug/ml2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID555574Antimicrobial activity against Candida rugosa by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID432124Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium at 0.4 to 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID367274Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID587365Induction of change in major allergen and cytotoxin AspF1 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323332Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCS59662 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID519318Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ASAT level in serum at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=51.2+/-9.4 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID574250Antifungal activity against 10'8 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID545168Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate C at 0.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID555624Antimicrobial activity against Scopulariopsis brevicaulis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID581228Cmax in plasma of 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID535407Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 32746 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID434648Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID673409Antifungal activity against Candida albicans C697 infected in immune compromised mouse assessed as increase of host survival at 5 mg/kg, ip measured for 4 days2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 22, Issue:16
The optimization of pyridazinone series of glucan synthase inhibitors.
AID554492Antifungal activity against rasA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus H237 assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID1070221Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20009 in human serum assessed as hyphal growth inhibition after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antifungal activity of ASP9726, a novel echinocandin with potent Aspergillus hyphal growth inhibition.
AID545312Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by 50% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583748Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L9 b gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522741Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID525336Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 25 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID559305Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as change in cellular morphology at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID425789Antifungal activity against Candida albicans M61 grown as biofilm assessed as 50% reduction in metabolic activity of biofilm at 0.06 mg/liter after 24 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID386123Induction of srgA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID587141Induction of change in fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, class II protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to co2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545153Antimicrobial activity against Candida famata after 48 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID1295975Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans CAF2-1 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID583728Induction of change in L-PSP endoribonuclease family protein (Hmf1), putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID582551Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 42971 expressing Fks1p D632Y mutant and Fks2p R1377STOP mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID736599Antifungal activity against anidulafungin-resistant Candida parapsilosis isolate 22019 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by CLSI microbroth dilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and anti-Candida activity of novel 2-hydrazino-1,3-thiazole derivatives.
AID577653Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 3.2 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID583056Induction of change in CipC-like antibiotic response protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relativ2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1079949Proposed mechanism(s) of liver damage. [column 'MEC' in source]
AID323277Antifungal activity against Candida albicans JIMS146204 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID516192Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20562.03 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID368267Effect on morphology in Candida tropicalis grown as biofilm assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 8 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID572410Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate B311 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID587256Induction of change in Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF-5A protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to co2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323261Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SCS140136P after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID530557Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate DK infected in NMRI mouse assessed as survival rate at 2.25 mg/kg, ip2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID532331Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID544163Inhibition of Candida albicans 205 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1933C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID587499Antifungal activity against drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P assessed as reduction in colony size at 0.12 ug/ml2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID425781Antifungal activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 grown as planktonic cell assessed as minimum drug level required to decrease turbidity by 50% after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID560012Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID1692934Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in DBA/2 mouse model of disseminated candidiasis assessed as reduction in fungal burden in kidney by measuring log change in colony forming units at 0.5 mg/kg, ip bid for 7 days by TOKA2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID1613847Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID625287Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatomegaly2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID572624Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID531206Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 60193 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID535612Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 42379 expressing FKS1 F645P mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID324334Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073 in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID555598Antimicrobial activity against Rhodotorula glutinis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID546082Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID283096Metabolic activity of Aspergillus fumigatus by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID516191Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20423.078 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID535620Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis T26 blood stream isolate harboring Fks1p LLTLSLRDP mutant protein2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID405100Antimicrobial activity against Absidia corymbifera after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID522785Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis clinical isolate assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth dilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID1692953Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mean survival time at ED90, ip administered bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID510310Antimicrobial activity against flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistant Candida glabrata bloodstream isolate 4 harboring FKS2 T1988C mutation and overexpressing CDR1 and CDR2 genes serially obtained from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient b2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acquisition of flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates serially obtained from a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient.
AID522720Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as minimum concentration required for => 3-log decrease in fungal growth after 12 to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID546446Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 containing Candida glabrata fks1-CgR453-649 hybrid after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID519445Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya pseudofischeri isolate CNM-CM-2270 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID583753Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein l2 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583951Induction of change in ribosomal protein L27a protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID547565Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID1692915Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in DBA/2 mouse model of disseminated candidiasis assessed as reduction in fungal burden in kidney by measuring log change in colony forming units at 0.125 mg/kg, po bid for 7 days by TOKA2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID368260Effect on morphology in Candida parapsilosis grown as planktonic cells assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID531141Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis am-2006-0113 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID545300Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID434744Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID283099Metabolic activity of Aspergillus fumigatus at 0.75 ug/ml after 2 hrs by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID525318Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 6 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID581262Clearance in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID587480Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L7 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572380Antifungal activity against Candida krusei grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID1613849Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID370171Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A7 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID386110Induction of crhB gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID581230Terminal half life in 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID432267Induction of maximal metabolic inhibition in germinated Aspergillus flavus assessed as minimal metabolic activity Ymin after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID432413Antifungal activity against nongerminated Aspergillus flavus assessed as absence of visual fungal growth at 128 ug/mL2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID583721Induction of change in conserved hypothetical gene locus AFUA_5G07590 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID433603Antifungal activity against Candida lambica after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID559298Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as appearance of collapsed blastospore at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID416047Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as deffects in cell wall rigidity at 0.025 ug/ml after 3 days by differential interference contrast microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID519686Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in MEF2 gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID373014Antifungal activity against Aspergillus nidulans isolate 05-326-1785 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID405095Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID565356Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 9456 after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID532327Antifungal activity against Trichosporon inkin by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID1494177Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-susceptible Candida albicans ATCC MYA-2310 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID521790Fungistatic activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4198 assessed as 99.9% reduction of initial fungal load at 0.5 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID583520Induction of change in Iron-sulfur cluster assembly accessory protein subfamily, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587140Induction of change in aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323267Antifungal activity against Candida albicans AM2003/0083 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID405094Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID565355Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 9453 after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID583952Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L9 b protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587152Induction of change in allergen Asp F4 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584140Induction of change in Ribosomal L28e protein family protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572611Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 12 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID323292Antifungal activity against Candida albicans CAI4RI after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID545297Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID582576Inhibition of Candida glabrata ATCC 90030 wild type 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID1613850Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus ATCC MYA-3631 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID559295Ratio of SMIC for Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm to MIC for Candida albicans isolate CA4 planktonic cells2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID545202Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 1 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID323282Antifungal activity against Candida albicans T28 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID370308Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A37 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID370161Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A39 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID584143Induction of change in NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584175Induction of change in ribosomal protein L26 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370333Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A31 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID555625Antimicrobial activity against Trichoderma spp. by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID582574Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 51916 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p P667T mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID1477776Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani MYA3636 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID516204AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 20 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID736602Antifungal activity against voriconazole-resistant Candida glabrata clinical isolate 730 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by CLSI microbroth dilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and anti-Candida activity of novel 2-hydrazino-1,3-thiazole derivatives.
AID519687Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in YKL037W gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID545196Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 1 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID542418Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus terreus environmental isolate after 48 hrs by EUCAST test2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
In vitro activities of various antifungal drugs against Aspergillus terreus: Global assessment using the methodology of the European committee on antimicrobial susceptibility testing.
AID581237Cmax in plasma of 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID521043Increase in CHS3 gene expression in slt2 deficient Candida glabrata 200989 at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml after 180 mins by RT-PCR analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID323286Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NR2 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID581217Terminal half life in adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID368265Effect on morphology in Candida albicans grown as biofilm assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 32 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID530958Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans ATCC 66031 after 72 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID581421Clearance in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID555584Antimicrobial activity against Candida zeylanoides by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID434888Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 12 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID283105Metabolic activity of Aspergillus fumigatus determined as X-MEC relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID323325Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis Leic952 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID582490Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 21900 expressing Fks1p D632G mutant and wild type Fks2p by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID519678Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in RTG2 gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID434652Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID544144Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 121 harboring FKS1 G4082A mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot2 R1361H mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID546447Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 containing Candida glabrata fks1-CgS453-649 hybrid after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID545176Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from wound of patient 20 days after admission by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID587486Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S3Ae protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID577668Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 2 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID432110Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID572608Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 9 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID518080Ratio of fAUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida albicans at 1 log kill dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID535621Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 900282008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID555599Antimicrobial activity against Cryptococcus laurentii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID323260Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SC5314 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID433610Antifungal activity against Kodamaea ohmeri after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID522799Inhibition of Candida albicans ATCC 90028 wild type FKS2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID555578Antimicrobial activity against Candida norvegensis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID509643Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans NR3 expressing homozygous fsk1 mutant gene by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID525544Antimicrobial activity against Fonsecaea nubica isolates after 72 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 54, Issue:4
In vitro activities of eight antifungal drugs against 55 clinical isolates of Fonsecaea spp.
AID625282Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for cirrhosis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID433593Antifungal activity against Candida fermentati after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID525332Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 21 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID434879Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 3 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583945Induction of change in 40s ribosomal protein s11 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522793Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 205 harboring FKS1 T1933C mutant gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID522699Fungicidal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583294Induction of change in FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative t2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID283216Fungistatic effect on Candida parapsilosis at 256 ug/ml after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Caspofungin in combination with amphotericin B against Candida parapsilosis.
AID575120Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 83 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID434633Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in antibiotic medium 3 at 6.25 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID736601Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 6258 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by CLSI microbroth dilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and anti-Candida activity of novel 2-hydrazino-1,3-thiazole derivatives.
AID434640Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 12 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID563619Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4688 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID545283Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 1 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID1494190Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP2 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID516171Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 98-210 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID532348Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID518079Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida parapsilosis infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida parapsilosis at 1 log kill dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID509647Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-susceptible Issatchenkia orientalis CY-118 CLSI by M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID535416Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 42286 expressing wild type FKS1 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID535625Inhibition of Candida tropicalis T3 blood stream isolate glucan synthase subunit FKS1p with FLTLS/PLRDP mutant at monophasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID532161Antifungal activity against Candida albicans by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID323272Antifungal activity against Candida albicans HK04M102095 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID544191Activity at Candida albicans 90 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p G4082R mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID704465Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata CLY 574 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID544183Activity at Candida albicans 205 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1933C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID584164Induction of change in ribosomal protein S9 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525309Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 24 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID555587Antimicrobial activity against Yarrowia lipolytica by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID323330Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCS17154969-2 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID367279Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 in presence of 50% human serum after 48 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID583069Induction of change in tripeptidyl-peptidase (TppA), putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522711Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as induction of fungal killing rate at 0.03 to 32 mg/L measured at 6 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID434794Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID519297Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus infected in neutropenic rat assessed as survival of rat at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID518069Half life in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 5 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID1692908Inhibition of beta-1,3-glucan synthase in Candida albicans MY1055 microsomal membrane assessed as inhibition of TCA-insoluble material formation using UDP-[3H]-glucose as substrate incubated for 2 hrs in presence of GTP by radioactivity-based assay2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID583075Induction of change in cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to c2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID433600Antifungal activity against Candida inconspicua after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID326113Paradoxical effect in Candida parapsilosis assessed as increase in turbidity at 64 times MIC2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID368262Effect on morphology in Candida orthopsilosis grown as planktonic cells assessed as rounding and clumping at 64 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID544166Inhibition of Candida albicans 85 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p C1934T mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID749859Antifungal activity against wild type Candida glabrata MY1381 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID532333Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID587268Induction of change in heat shock protein Hsp98/Hsp104/ClpA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434908Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID369153Antifungal activity against Rhizopus strain 3 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID574255Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 biofilms by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID433588Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID373021Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% malate production after 48 hrs in presence of 0.2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID374518Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0020-018 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID583959Induction of change in ribosomal protein L35, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID565371Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10032 by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID368264Effect on morphology in Candida parapsilosis grown as planktonic cells assessed as rounding and clumping at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID519313Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ALAT level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day, ip for 7 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=43.9+/-7.9 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID587171Induction of change in tripeptidyl-peptidase (TppA), putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555628Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium equiseti by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID525300Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 3 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID543928Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 119 harboring FKS1 T1921C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 F641L mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID386101Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as tip swelling at 5 ug/mL after 5 hrs2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID323337Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis ST after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID530962Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID525308Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 23 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID367281Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MB2865 after 24 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID522712Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as mild induction of fungal death at 0.03 to 32 mg/L after 6 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID1613852Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus ATCC MYA-3633 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID434787Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 14 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID574259Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID324327Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus MF56682007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID679686TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Taurocholate uptake (Caspofungin:100 uM) in NTCP-expressing HeLa cells2005Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5
Hepatic uptake of the novel antifungal agent caspofungin.
AID581251Terminal half life in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID434870Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 2 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587387Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L23 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1477763Antifungal activity against drug resistant Candida albicans DF2672R after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID583521Induction of change in Ribosomal L38e protein family gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID531236Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro susceptibilities of invasive isolates of Candida species: rapid increase in rates of fluconazole susceptible-dose dependent Candida glabrata isolates.
AID531161Inhibition of FKS1 deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID522730Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID572606Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 6 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID525315Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 3 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID581253Clearance in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID587147Induction of change in cytochrome c protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID351871Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus expressing fks1 gene EMFR-S678P/WT mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth dilution susceptibility test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID370365Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A32 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID583053Induction of change in allergen Asp F4 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID367275Antimicrobial activity against Candida lusitaniae MY1396 after 24 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID532322Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID544134Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 5415 harboring FKS1 T1933C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645P mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID575117Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 64 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID582565Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 21900 expressing Fks1p D632G mutant and wild type Fks2p by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID583280Induction of change in hypothetical protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583528Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L12, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370353Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A9 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID545152Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R after 48 hrs by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID565393Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10034 infected in OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in spleen at 10 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID516173Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 98-234 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID565395Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10034 infected in immunosuppressed OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in kidney at 1 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID434768Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID519307Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as blood urea nitrogen level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day, ip for 7 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=4.4+/-0.5 mmol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID583635Drug level in immunosuppressed Swiss Webster mouse kidney with pulmonary aspergillosis assessed as compound level per gram of tissue at 5 mg/kg/day, iv for 5 days measured on day 62010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Liposomal amphotericin B and echinocandins as monotherapy or sequential or concomitant therapy in murine disseminated and pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infections.
AID587401Induction of change in BYS1 domain protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID425782Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis PA/71 grown as planktonic cell assessed as minimum drug level required to decrease turbidity by 50% after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID1079939Cirrhosis, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CIRRH' in source]
AID575207Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella echinulata FMR 10973 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID544155Inhibition of Candida albicans 36082 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID374346Ratio of MIC50 for Candida glabrata isolate 0049-038 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida glabrata isolate 0049-038 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID386141Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger JvD1.1 assessed as tip swelling2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID563432Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4264 obtained from blood culture assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID555603Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID533027Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 9197 grown as biofilm on CFBE41o cell after 24 to 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Aspergillus fumigatus forms biofilms with reduced antifungal drug susceptibility on bronchial epithelial cells.
AID736606Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans clinical isolate 5.O.A assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by CLSI microbroth dilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and anti-Candida activity of novel 2-hydrazino-1,3-thiazole derivatives.
AID531138Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis H5 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID522788Antifungal activity against wild type Candida glabrata ATCC 900302010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID547545Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans after 24 to 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 54, Issue:8
In vitro antifungal activities of bis(alkylpyridinium)alkane compounds against pathogenic yeasts and molds.
AID574059Antifungal activity against 10'3 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 by NCCLS method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID583059Induction of change in extracellular cell wall glucanase Crf1/allergen Asp F9 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370140Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A7 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID386120Induction of rhoB gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID433598Antifungal activity against Candida rugosa after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID522695Fungicidal activity against Candida metapsilosis isolate ATC193 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID559300Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as assessed as appearance of increased number of small blastospore at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID559293Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID1726242Antifungal activity against Candida auris CBS 12766 by CLSI standard M27 broth microdilution method
AID587139Induction of change in plasma membrane H -ATPase protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584162Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein yl6 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545209Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 5 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID1472822Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID587481Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L22, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519311Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as blood urea nitrogen level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 13 (Rvb=5.8+/-0.4 mmol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID522786Antifungal activity against wild type Candida tropicalis ATCC 7502010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID583488Induction of change in ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein 2, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS)2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519306Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as blood urea nitrogen level in serum at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=4.4+/-0.5 mmol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID749852Antifungal activity against wild type Candida albicans CAI4 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID1419498Antifungal activity against ITC and FLC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC 1237 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID584167Induction of change in ribosomal protein L35, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545291Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by NCCLS microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID559662Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei CY118 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID386097Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as germ tube elongation and branching at 5 ng/mL after 5 hrs2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID1472819Antifungal activity against itraconazole and fluconazole resistant Candida albicans ATCC MYA-1003 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID581254AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID555600Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon domesticum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID581429Terminal half life in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID546070Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID374496Ratio of MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis isolate 0026-003 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis isolate 0026-003 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID518083Fungistatic activity against Candida albicans infected in neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID386117Induction of bgtB gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID422993Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID1729793Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of sorbitol by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID673407Antifungal activity against Candida albicans C697 infected in normal mouse assessed as increase of host survival at 5 mg/kg, ip measured for 4 days2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 22, Issue:16
The optimization of pyridazinone series of glucan synthase inhibitors.
AID532130Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID559999Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID555580Antimicrobial activity against Candida inconspicua by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID587283Induction of change in alanine aminotransferase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525329Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 18 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID587254Induction of change in transcriptional repressor TupA/RocA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370314Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A43 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID584153Induction of change in 40s ribosomal protein s11 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID749850Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NR3 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID522779Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID323269Antifungal activity against Candida albicans B06-341 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID540209Volume of distribution at steady state in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID374666Trough plasma concentration in child with invasive aspergillosis administered at 30 mg/day schedule for 5 days followed by 48 hrs temporary treatment interruption measured on first day of resumption of therapy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Maintenance of therapeutic concentrations of caspofungin after temporary treatment interruption (48 hours) in a child with invasive aspergillosis.
AID673413Antifungal activity against Candida albicans C697 infected in immune compromised mouse assessed as reduction of fungal burden in kidney at 5 mg/kg, ip2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 22, Issue:16
The optimization of pyridazinone series of glucan synthase inhibitors.
AID574262Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1717502Inhibition of Cryptococcus neoformans (H99) 1,3-beta-glucan synthase component FKS1 using UDP-[14C]glucose as substrate2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID324315Ratio of MIC for Candida krusei to MIC for Candida krusei in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID369154Antifungal activity against Rhizopus strain 8 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID416040Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as inhibition of radial growth rate at 23 degC in darkness2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID583929Induction of change in ribosomal protein S8 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532133Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID545298Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID555811Antimicrobial activity against Rhizomucor spp.by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID572623Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 24 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID572384Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate B311 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID565383Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10034 infected in OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in spleen at 1 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID583286Induction of change in glucosamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase protein level in iTRAQ121 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relati2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID367280Antimicrobial activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes MF7004 after 96 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID583292Induction of change in PT repeat family protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572626Antifungal activity against Candida krusei isolate 1 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID563437Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-3123 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID525405Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4293 after 24 hrs by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID522690Fungicidal activity against Candida orthopsilosis isolate CP-150 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID374347Antifungal activity against Candida krusei isolate 0001-058 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID583282Induction of change in Hsp90 binding co-chaperone (Sba1), putative protein level in iTRAQ121 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434913Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID434630Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 2 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID535619Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis T19 blood stream isolate harboring Fks1p FLTLS/PLRDP mutant protein2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID283332Antifungal activity against Mucor spp after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
In vitro activities of amphotericin B, caspofungin, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 45 clinical isolates of zygomycetes: comparison of CLSI M38-A, Sensititre YeastOne, and the Etest.
AID434636Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis clinical isolates in RPMI 1640 medium at 6.25 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID532135Antifungal activity against Trichosporon inkin2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583051Induction of change in cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide vib protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contro2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID405092Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus sp. after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID555590Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon asahii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID323263Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SCS67023C after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID587159Induction of change in phosphoglycerate kinase PgkA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID433599Antifungal activity against Candida utilis after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID577671Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 3.2 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID323313Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FS after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID1585069Growth inhibition of Candida albicans at 0.02 to 10 mg/ml2018European journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-05, Volume: 160Inhibition of adherence of the yeast Candida albicans to buccal epithelial cells by synthetic aromatic glycoconjugates.
AID583518Induction of change in ribosomal S30/ubiquitin fusion gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434650Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 2 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583514Induction of change in C2H2 transcription factor (Seb1), putative, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525310Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 25 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID323309Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis ANSA 23a after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID583303Induction of change in Mn superoxide dismutase MnSOD protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532046Antifungal activity against Lichtheimia ornata clinical isolate after 48 hrs by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antifungal susceptibility profile of human-pathogenic species of Lichtheimia.
AID545299Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583065Induction of change in cell wall protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID416211Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as metabolically inactive hyphae at 0.025 ug/ml after 3 days by FUN1 staining-based fluorescence microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID434762Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID432113Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID574269Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml biofilm-derived Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells hrs by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID522773Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID407028Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 at planktonic cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID583750Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein yl6 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID530981Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 200955 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID581243Cmin in plasma of 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID587168Induction of change in secreted dipeptidyl peptidase DppV protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587488Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S10b protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545323Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID563631Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4899 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID434646Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID581418Cmin in plasma of in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID535424Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 43001 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID432243Antifungal activity against nongerminated Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as lowest drug concentration that produced short, stubby and highly branched hyphae after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID532147Antifungal activity against Rhizopus species2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID532142Antifungal activity against Rhizomucor species2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID587148Induction of change in hypothetical protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545150Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 0.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID520620Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis by microdilution AFST-EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Prevalence and susceptibility profile of Candida metapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis: results from population-based surveillance of candidemia in Spain.
AID581212Terminal half life in adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID544128Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 177 harboring FKS1 T1922C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 F641S mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID583279Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S8e protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519071Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 3153 assessed as maximum killing rate in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal effects against Candida albicans.
AID555568Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID563625Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4000 by broth dilution method assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID555805Antimicrobial activity against Lecythophora hoffmannii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID324346Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans SC5314 in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID587386Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L7 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519316Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ALAT level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day, ip for 7 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=51.3+/-5.2 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID583713Induction of change in coenzyme A transferase PsecoA gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583739Induction of change in Mn superoxide dismutase MnSOD gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1494180Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID559307Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 0.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID433607Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID559996Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 2 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID405097Antimicrobial activity against Absidia sp. after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID582562Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 3168 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID565386Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10035 assessed as compound concentration at which paradoxical growth of observed after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID545329Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R after 24 hrs by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID525403Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4205 after 24 hrs by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID544159Inhibition of Candida albicans 3795 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID368271Effect on morphology in Candida orthopsilosis grown as biofilm assessed as rounding and clumping at 32 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID351872Inhibition of wild-type 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase KU80delta from Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as incorporation of [3H]glucose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID546445Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 containing Fusarium solani fks1-FS453-649 hybrid after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID583925Induction of change in cytosolic large ribosomal subunit protein L30 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532341Antifungal activity against Mucor species by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID530988Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 90028 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID583723Induction of change in stearic acid desaturase (SdeA), putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525413Antifungal activity against 2.44 x 10'8 CFU fluconazole-susceptible Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected neutropenic CD1 mouse disseminated candidiasis model assessed as reduction in kidney tissue fungal burden at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered 24 hrs pos2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID555608Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus sydowii by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID522694Fungicidal activity against Candida metapsilosis isolate CP-133 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583526Induction of change in ribosomal protein L37a gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID516197Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis 20577.055 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID704468Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY 1055 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID433609Antifungal activity against Williopsis saturnus after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID434757Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 10 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID372872Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus niger isolate 05-290-2479 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% citrate production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID520619Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis by microdilution AFST-EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Prevalence and susceptibility profile of Candida metapsilosis and Candida orthopsilosis: results from population-based surveillance of candidemia in Spain.
AID583058Induction of change in thioredoxin TrxA protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID531341Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata isolate 7755 expressing FKS2 F659V mutant gene after 24 hrs by broth dilution method in presence of 50% of human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.
AID407026Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID544136Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 89 harboring FKS1 C1934A mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645Y mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID405110Antimicrobial activity against Absidia sp. assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID535408Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 4254 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID519304Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as creatine level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day, ip for 7 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=26.7+/-6.1 umol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID1726237Hemolytic activity in human RBC by spectrophotometry
AID546439Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 fks1-F639Y mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID572389Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 3 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID323302Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 81/060 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID587288Induction of change in Mn superoxide dismutase MnSOD protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID372873Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% glycine betain, fumarate, malate production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID545285Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 25 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID544130Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 2762 harboring FKS1 T1922C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 F641S mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID1070223Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus 20024 in human serum assessed as hyphal growth inhibition after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antifungal activity of ASP9726, a novel echinocandin with potent Aspergillus hyphal growth inhibition.
AID522751Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID432296Decrease in nongerminated Aspergillus flavus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 128 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID518072Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida glabrata infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida glabrata at static dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID522797Inhibition of Candida glabrata CG-C2 FKS1 T1885C mutant2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID1729743Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID374504Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 0022-021 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID563426Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-3586 obtained from catheter of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID326106Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID522739Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID369155Antifungal activity against Absidia strain 11 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID519679Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in APL2 gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID544173Inhibition of Candida albicans A15-10 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1933C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID324317Ratio of MIC for Candida tropicalis to MIC for Candida tropicalis in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID386116Induction of dpmA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID370170Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A4 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID530953Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC MYA-4439 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID1079946Presence of at least one case with successful reintroduction. [column 'REINT' in source]
AID425387Antifungal activity against 1.04 x 10'8 CFU Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected in CD1 mouse assessed as inhibition of regrowth in fungal burden in kidney at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered from day 1 to day 2 post viral challenge measured on day 3 postin2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID1295985Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 48 hrs by SRB assay2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID434758Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 9 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID374522Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-020 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID749853Antifungal activity against wild type Candida guilliermondii CLY308 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID525409Fungicidal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4205 assessed as 99.9% reduction of initial fungal load at 8 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID545160Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID535417Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SC5314 expressing wild type FKS1 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID535631Inhibition of Candida albicans 205 glucan synthase subunit FKS1p FLTLPLRDP mutant at monophasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID560011Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 64 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID433601Antifungal activity against Candida intermedia after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID572391Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 5 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID530947Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC MYA-4438 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID583081Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L10 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID554494Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus H237 expressing dominant-active rasA gene assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID370317Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A1 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID544180Activity at Candida albicans 119 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1921C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID581411Terminal half life in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID1692943Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mouse survival at 2 mg/kg, ip bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days relative to control2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID577669Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 3.2 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID572393Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 8 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID519436Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumisynnematus isolate CNM-CM-4063 obtained from bronchoalveolar aspirate of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID1477770Antifungal activity against Candida albicans DF1976R after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID522787Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis CT-C1 harboring FKS1 T227C mutant gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID519321Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ASAT level in serum at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=46.6+/-6.1 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID372860Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus terreus isolate 06-059-2428 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% ethanol production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID554491Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus H237 assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID544178Activity at Candida albicans 3107 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID583953Induction of change in ribosomal protein S14.e protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555810Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus microsporus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID543923Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 1002 by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID545284Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 5 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID323360Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate infected ICR mouse kidney assessed as reduction of tissue fungal burden at 5 mg/kg, ip2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID565374Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10035 by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID1477780Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus TCC MYA3631 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID531095Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans YNM12 harboring cyp56delta::FRT/cyp56::FRT/RP10-CYP56 mutant gene by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
CYP56 (Dit2p) in Candida albicans: characterization and investigation of its role in growth and antifungal drug susceptibility.
AID565392Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10034 infected in OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in kidney at 1 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID531164Inhibition of Candida albicans ATCC 36082 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID704464Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata MY 1381 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID525305Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 20 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID434921Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID581201Cmax in plasma of 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID546444Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 containing Fusarium solani fks1-FS453-649 with F639 mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID326109Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID525334Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 23 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID1863780Antifungal activity against wild type Candida albicans SN152 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth by broth microdilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240β-Nitrostyrene derivatives as broad range potential antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall.
AID518067Half life in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 80 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID584138Induction of change in ribosomal protein L26 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID368273Effect on morphology in Candida metapsilosis grown as biofilm assessed as rounding and clumping at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID497803Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 01 by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID572630Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 1 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID532126Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583500Induction of change in nucleoside diphosphate kinase protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434886Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 10 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID736605Antifungal activity against azole-resistant Candida albicans clinical isolate 7.O.A assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by CLSI microbroth dilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and anti-Candida activity of novel 2-hydrazino-1,3-thiazole derivatives.
AID518979Antifungal activity against slt2 deficient Candida glabrata 200989 assessed as log reduction in bacterial count at 16 ug/ml by time-kill analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID522708Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as inhibition of fungal regrowth at 0.03 to 32 mg/L after 6 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID545306Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs by 80% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID565367Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10035 after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID704758Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans MY 2061 after 40 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID425160Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID530570Ratio of FKS1 expression in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT to PMA1 expression in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073 at 0.25 ug/ml by RT-PCR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID531234Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
In vitro susceptibilities of invasive isolates of Candida species: rapid increase in rates of fluconazole susceptible-dose dependent Candida glabrata isolates.
AID583068Induction of change in BYS1 domain protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323338Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis ST after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID432261Effect on Aspergillus flavus metabolic activity assessed number of twofold drug dilutions required for germinated fungal metabolic activity to nongerminated fungal metabolic activity2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID434910Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID582553Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 234 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p F659V mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID525292Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 12 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID323368Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate assessed as decrease in fungal turbidity in presence of 50% human serum by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID582488Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 42997 expressing Fks1p F625S mutant and wild type Fks2p by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID543918Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 36082 by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID433596Antifungal activity against Candida famata after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID516188Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20385.079 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID434915Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522772Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID324320Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans 36082 assessed as incorporation of [3H]uridine diphosphoglucose in presence of 20% serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID370176Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A20 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID533025Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 9197 grown as biofilm on 16HBE cell after 24 to 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Aspergillus fumigatus forms biofilms with reduced antifungal drug susceptibility on bronchial epithelial cells.
AID516200Cmax in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 80 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID535409Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 41301 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID1692952Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mean survival time at ED50, ip administered bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID583731Induction of change in cell wall protein, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374665Peak plasma concentration in child with invasive aspergillosis at 30 mg/day for 5 days measured on last day of therapy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Maintenance of therapeutic concentrations of caspofungin after temporary treatment interruption (48 hours) in a child with invasive aspergillosis.
AID533028Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 9197 grown as planktonic cell on CFBE41o cell after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Aspergillus fumigatus forms biofilms with reduced antifungal drug susceptibility on bronchial epithelial cells.
AID559308Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 0.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID581239Terminal half life in 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID374338Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 0021-076 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID582569Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 234 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p F659V mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID554676Antifungal activity against crzA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as increase in chitin cell wall content at 1 ug/ml2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID587498Antifungal activity against drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB assessed as reduction in colony size at 0.12 ug/ml2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583950Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein L24, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID563621Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-3125 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID555573Antimicrobial activity against Candida kefyr by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID1295986Selectivity index, ratio of IC50 for human HeLa cells to MIC for Candida albicans CAF2-12016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID525333Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 22 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID370336Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A34 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID543924Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3107 by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID749845Inhibition of caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans CLY-16997 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase component FKS1/FKS1 S645P mutant using UDP[6,3H]-glucose as substrate after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting analysis2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID555588Antimicrobial activity against Galactomyces geotrichum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID434764Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 3 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522733Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID1477771Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC90028 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID1494179Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC MYA-1003 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID587478Induction of change in Mitochondrial hypoxia-responsive domain protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID546080Antifungal activity against Candida pulcherrima isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID584137Induction of change in ribosomal protein S8 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID582563Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 42997 expressing Fks1p F625S mutant and wild type Fks2p by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID581220Cmin in plasma of adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID584171Induction of change in ribosomal protein L14 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432130Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 14 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID560007Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 4 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID544143Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 122 harboring FKS1 C1946A mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 P649H mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID283092Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID522781Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583311Induction of change in eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 subunit Eef1-beta, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (M2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID544135Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 5415 harboring FKS1 T1933C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645P mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID587266Induction of change in ribosomal protein L34 protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374486Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae isolate 0015-049 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID545326Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID522784Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata clinical isolate assessed as percent susceptible isolates by broth dilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID574264Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans BF-1 biofilms by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID740966Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus MB2865 assessed as inhibition of microbial growth after 24 hrs2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID544165Inhibition of Candida albicans 89 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p C1934A mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID545414Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 1 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID572398Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 16 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID405101Antimicrobial activity against Cunninghamella sp. after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID433589Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID583955Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit S4, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative t2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323348Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID510311Antimicrobial activity against flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistant Candida glabrata bloodstream isolate 5 harboring FKS2 T1988C mutation and overexpressing CDR1 and CDR2 genes serially obtained from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient b2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acquisition of flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates serially obtained from a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient.
AID582588Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 41400 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase wild type Fks1p/Fks2p D666G mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID587265Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L27e protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID516174Antifungal activity against Candida albicans K1 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID555591Antimicrobial activity against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID530556Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate DK by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID587149Induction of change in cytochrome b5, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432122Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium at 0.4 to 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID532148Antifungal activity against Mucor hiemalis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID560004Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 0.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID587372Induction of change in 14-3-3 family protein ArtA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1079937Severe hepatitis, defined as possibly life-threatening liver failure or through clinical observations. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'MASS' in source]
AID1692951Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mean survival time at 2 mg/kg, ip bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID544174Activity at Candida albicans SC5314 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID373015Antifungal activity against Aspergillus nidulans isolate 00-202661 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID434647Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID572632Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 2 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID582556Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 41400 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p D666G mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID584174Induction of change in ribosomal protein S8 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID425380Antifungal activity against 2.44 x 10'8 CFU Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected in CD1 mouse assessed as reduction in fungal burden per kidney pair at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered from day 1 to day 2 post viral challenge measured on day 3 postinfection2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID373010Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus isolate 06-059-2428 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID516199Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20435.057 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID522769Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID1613851Antifungal activity against Aspergillus nidulans ATCC 38163 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID740957Induction of ATP release from cytoplasm of Candida albicans isolate 2323 at >MIC by Promega Bactiter Glo assay2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID324331Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 130732007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID522691Fungicidal activity against Candida orthopsilosis isolate CP-151 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID518081Ratio of fAUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida glabrata infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida glabrata at 1 log kill dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID545281Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 5 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID519302Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as creatine level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=34.8+/-5.8 umol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID587161Induction of change in CipC-like antibiotic response protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to co2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587144Induction of change in nuclear transport factor NTF-2, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID704473Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans H 99 after 40 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID572386Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 2 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID516175Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 570 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID434779Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID563433Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4296 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID434902Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545303Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID323340Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID370184Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A31 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID432131Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 1 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID432410Antifungal activity against germinated Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as absence of visual fungal growth at 128 ug/mL2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID530555Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate DK by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID583961Induction of change in Ribosomal L15 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID565389Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10032 infected in OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in spleen at 10 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID1070222Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 20015 in human serum assessed as hyphal growth inhibition after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antifungal activity of ASP9726, a novel echinocandin with potent Aspergillus hyphal growth inhibition.
AID554508Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as decrease in 1, 3-beta-D-glucan cell wall content at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by aniline blue assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID577674Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 8 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID583730Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_6G06840 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID283101Metabolic activity of Aspergillus flavus at 2 ug /ml after 2 hrs by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID386129Induction of GFP tagged PagsA expression in Aspergillus niger JvD1.1 at 25.6 ug/mL by fluorescence microscopy2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID529563Ratio of AUC (0 to infinity) in F344 rat lung to AUC (0 to infinity) in F344 rat plasma at 5 mg/kg, iv administered as single bolus dose2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of anidulafungin in rats.
AID518789Antifungal activity against Candida albicans expressing fks1 F641S mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID1863735Downregulation of CDC42 gene expression in Candida cells2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240β-Nitrostyrene derivatives as broad range potential antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall.
AID374483Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae isolate 0013-002 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID425795Antifungal activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 grown as biofilm >2 mg/liter after 24 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID559881Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 90% fungal growth reduction at 8 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID574248Antifungal activity against 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID545162Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 2 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID434632Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in antibiotic medium 3 at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID516178Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 33609 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID583297Induction of change in endo-chitosanase pseudogene protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323314Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FS after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID519298AUC in neutropenic rat at 10 mg/kg/day after 3 days2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID545308Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by 80% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID555617Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium solani by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID516180Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 33616 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID516186Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20450.096 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID1717507Elimination half life life in iv dosed human2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID531152Inhibition of Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 glucan synthase by assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID559651Antifungal activity against Candida krusei CK2 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID407041Antimicrobial activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans FH5 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID545193Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 1 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID532329Antifungal activity against Geotrichum candidum by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID559995Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID530575Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT infected in NMRI mouse assessed as reduction in galactomannan index relative to control2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID583283Induction of change in secreted dipeptidyl peptidase DppV protein level in iTRAQ121 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370371Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A38 grown as biofilm assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1729745Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID584177Induction of change in Ribosomal L28e protein family protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583052Induction of change in ThiJ/PfpI family protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID574256Antifungal activity against 10'3 cells/ml Candida albicans SC5314 by NCCLS method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID647828Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis after 24 hrs by serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Total synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new echinocandin-like antifungal cyclolipohexapeptides.
AID583499Induction of change in allergen Asp F3 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID433606Antifungal activity against Candida sphaerica after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID545200Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 5 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID559994Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 0.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID559998Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 8 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID1613842Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-susceptible Candida albicans ATCC MYA-2876 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID1477773Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC11651 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID555812Antimicrobial activity against Saksenaea vasiformis by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID432263Induction of maximal metabolic inhibition in germinated Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as minimal metabolic activity Ymin after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID555615Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus spp. by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID531140Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis 981224 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID522759Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID532127Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583726Induction of change in C2H2 transcription factor (Rpn4), putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID416049Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as deffects in cell wall rigidity at 0.25 ug/ml after 3 days by differential interference contrast microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID545159Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID559663Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID587158Induction of change in allergen Asp F4 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519428Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-3599 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID522762Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID529453Ratio of AUC (0 to infinity) in F344 rat liver to AUC (0 to infinity) in F344 rat plasma at 5 mg/kg, iv administered as single bolus dose2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of anidulafungin in rats.
AID516404AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 5 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID432264Induction of maximal metabolic inhibition in nongerminated Aspergillus terreus assessed as minimal metabolic activity Ymin after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID370370Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A37 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID372871Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus terreus isolate 04-188-2548 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% ethanol, malate production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID583932Induction of change in Ribosomal L28e protein family gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID581248Cmax in plasma of in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID572617Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 18 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID532137Antifungal activity against Geotrichum candidum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID323367Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate after 2 hrs in presence of 50% mouse serum by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID370182Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A29 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID544186Activity at Candida albicans 85 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p C1934T mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID583517Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_6G02310 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1692947Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in ip dosed DBA/2N mouse assessed as 90% mouse survival administered bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID405113Antimicrobial activity against Apophysomyces elegans assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID518085Fungistatic activity against Candida parapsilosis infected in neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID581207Cmin in plasma of 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID581266Cmin in plasma of in 13 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID581405AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID583298Induction of change in alanine aminotransferase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583502Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_6G00740 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587263Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L19 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545185Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from tracheal suction of patient 40 days after admission2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID323364Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate assessed as decrease in fungal turbidity in presence of 5% human serum by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID374508Ratio of MIC50 for Candida tropicalis isolate 0050-028 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida tropicalis isolate 0050-028 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID497801Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata assessed as time to kill at 1 ug/ml2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID434920Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587483Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S9 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID531162Inhibition of Candida albicans Sc5314 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID554507Antifungal activity against crzA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as decrease in 1, 3-beta-D-glucan cell wall content at 1 ug/ml by aniline blue assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID1717520Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID583047Induction of change in allergen Asp F4 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555601Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID584148Induction of change in aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1474166Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring severity class index2016Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4
DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID531167Inhibition of Candida glabrata T51916 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID565368Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 9453 by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID583946Induction of change in ribosomal protein L16a protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555605Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID324319Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans 36082 assessed as incorporation of [3H]uridine diphosphoglucose in presence of 10% serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID386115Induction of pgmB gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID368274Effect on morphology in Candida parapsilosis grown as biofilm assessed as rounding and clumping at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID324330Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID531143Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID575118Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 68 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID545207Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 25 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID544153Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans A15-10 harboring FKS1 T1933C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645P mutant by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID559873Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 90% fungal growth reduction at 2 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID283093Metabolic activity of Aspergillus fumigatus at 0.5 ug/ml after 2 hrs by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID545158Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID559664Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID575113Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 50 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID559883Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99.9% fungal growth reduction at 8 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID572613Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 17 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID323365Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate assessed as decrease in fungal turbidity by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID519442Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya hiratsukae isolate CNM-CM-3740 obtained from oropharyngeal exudate of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID583495Induction of change in 1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase Gel1 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID546077Antifungal activity against Candida pelliculosa isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID543917Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID370345Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A43 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID374516Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-0016 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID405111Antimicrobial activity against Absidia corymbifera assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID545293Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583308Induction of change in cell wall protein PhiA protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584172Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein l21 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519433Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-4420 obtained from nail of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID583749Induction of change in ribosomal protein S14.e gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587370Induction of change in Hsp90 binding co-chaperone (Sba1), putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434747Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID1863736Downregulation of CDC15 gene expression in Candida cells2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240β-Nitrostyrene derivatives as broad range potential antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall.
AID283102Metabolic activity of Aspergillus fumigatus at 8 ug/ml by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID545197Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 5 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID522732Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID749860Antifungal activity against wild type Candida albicans MY1055 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method in presence of human serum2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID425385Antifungal activity against 1.04 x 10'8 CFU Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected in CD1 mouse assessed as reduction in viral count per kidney pair at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered from day 1 to day 2 followed by PEG-200 infusion from day 3 to day 6 post 2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID555616Antimicrobial activity against Penicillium spp. by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID367527Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata MY1381 after 24 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID554510Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus H237 expressing dominant-active rasA assessed as decrease in 1, 3-beta-D-glucan cell wall content at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by aniline blue assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID522715Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as induction of maximal fungal death at 16 mg/L after 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID367277Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis MY1012 after 24 hrs by broth macrodilution method2009Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Feb-01, Volume: 17, Issue:3
Isolation, structure and biological activity of phomafungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a widespread tropical Phoma sp.
AID522743Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583487Induction of change in Hsp90 binding co-chaperone (Sba1), putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434917Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID525312Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 27 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID583490Induction of change in GNAT family acetyltransferase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522757Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID544154Inhibition of Candida albicans SC5314 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID518791Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis expressing fks1 L644W mutant by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID369163Antifungal activity against Mucor strain 43 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID323297Antifungal activity against Candida albicans Y109 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID323331Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCS59662 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID386142Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger RD6.47 assessed as tip swelling2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID323359Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate infected ICR mouse kidney assessed as reduction of tissue fungal burden at 1 mg/kg, ip2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID582487Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 3168 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID584142Induction of change in Ribosomal protein L31e protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370177Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A24 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID370149Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A27 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID545328Antimicrobial activity against Candida famata after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID554486Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID425388Antifungal activity against 2.44 x 10'8 CFU Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected in CD1 mouse assessed as inhibition of regrowth in fungal burden in kidney at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered from day 1 to day 2 post viral challenge measured on day 7 postin2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID546081Antifungal activity against Candida intermedia isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID583941Induction of change in fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, class II gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID521792Fungistatic activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4293 assessed as 99.9% reduction of initial fungal load at 0.5 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID583965Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit protein S12 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID574257Antifungal activity against 10'8 cells/ml Candida albicans SC5314 planktonic cells by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID519438Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumisynnematus isolate CNM-CM-3227 obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID434649Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 3 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583709Induction of change in conserved hypothetical gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532140Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583720Induction of change in multidrug resistant gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1494176Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC 90819 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID587373Induction of change in GNAT family acetyltransferase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1070217Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus 20030 in ICR mouse invasive pulmonary aspergillosis model assessed as survival rate at 3 mg/kg, iv qd administered for 10 days measured on day 11 relative to control2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antifungal activity of ASP9726, a novel echinocandin with potent Aspergillus hyphal growth inhibition.
AID555619Antimicrobial activity against Fusarium oxysporum by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID340892Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth at 1 ug/ml by radial growth assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Calcineurin inhibition or mutation enhances cell wall inhibitors against Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID405099Antimicrobial activity against Rhizomucor sp. after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID535629Inhibition of Candida tropicalis T26 blood stream isolate glucan synthase subunit FKS1p with LLTLSLRDP mutant at monophasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID559665Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 50% fungal growth reduction at 0.12 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID522761Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID519425Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-3537 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID372875Increase in metabolite production in Aspergillus flavus ATCC 204304 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to increase >50% fumarate production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID559309Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID545149Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID587135Induction of change in NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432414Antifungal activity against germinated Aspergillus flavus assessed as absence of visual fungal growth at 128 ug/mL2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID625288Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for jaundice2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID1692910Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 assessed inhibition of fungal growth by measuring morphological changes measured after 24 hrs by microscopy2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID535418Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 4715 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID575202Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella bertholletiae UTHSC 04-2581 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID283104Metabolic activity of Aspergillus flavus at 8 ug/ml by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID572405Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 20 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID544164Inhibition of Candida albicans 5415 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1933C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID374528Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus isolate 0001-033 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID324313Ratio of MIC for Candida albicans to MIC for Candida albicans in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID370175Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A18 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID559654Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei CK6 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID530560Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID368252Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A41 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID581240Clearance in 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID522774Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID516181Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 35315 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID581208Terminal half life in 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID422988Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID532332Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID519441Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya hiratsukae isolate CNM-CM-3764 obtained from oropharyngeal exudate of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID531159Inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 glucan synthase assessed as [3H]UDPG incorporation2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID587289Induction of change in nuclear transport factor NTF-2, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID565388Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10032 infected in OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in kidney at 1 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID575109Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 43 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID583275Induction of change in glucosamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relat2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID559304Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as change in cellular morphology at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID583045Induction of change in transaldolase protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323353Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate in presence of 5% mouse serum after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID681938TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of Tetraethyl ammonium uptake (Caspofungin:100 uM) in OCT1-expressing HeLa cells2005Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5
Hepatic uptake of the novel antifungal agent caspofungin.
AID525299Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 4 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID577656Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 8 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID583958Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit S15, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525311Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 26 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID535626Inhibition of Candida tropicalis T3 blood stream isolate glucan synthase subunit FKS1p with FLTLS/PLRDP mutant at biphasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID370359Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A26 grown as biofilm assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID525335Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 24 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID434627Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID546434Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 containing Aspergillus fumigatus fks1delta453-649 hybrid after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID587136Induction of change in citrate synthase, eukaryotic protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583722Induction of change in C2H2 transcription factor (Seb1), putative, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID565372Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10033 by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID1079941Liver damage due to vascular disease: peliosis hepatitis, hepatic veno-occlusive disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'VASC' in source]
AID587163Induction of change in thioredoxin TrxA protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID546075Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID531345Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata isolate 7755 FKS2 F659V mutant gene after 48 hrs by broth dilution method in presence of 50% of human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.
AID582592Ratio of IC50 for Candida glabrata wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase to IC50 for Candida glabrata 1,3-beta-glucan synthase mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID581245AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID522722Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID434776Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 10 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583515Induction of change in Ribosomal protein S28e gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1729795Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 34135 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of sorbitol by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID581257Cmax in plasma of in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID625292Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) combined score2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID519309Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as blood urea nitrogen level in serum at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=5.8+/-0.4 mmol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID584170Induction of change in cytosolic large ribosomal subunit protein L30 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative t2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374520Ratio of MIC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 00020-018 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0020-018 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID581430Clearance in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID525337Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 26 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID559292Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID544129Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 177 harboring FKS1 T1922C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 F641S mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID519322Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ASAT level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day, ip for 7 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=46.6+/-6.1 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID574270Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml biofilm-derived Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells hrs by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID587293Induction of change in antigenic mitochondrial protein HSP60, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434771Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522777Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID577448Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 2 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID1729794Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 34135 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of ergosterol by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1079932Highest frequency of moderate liver toxicity observed during clinical trials, expressed as a percentage. [column '% BIOL' in source]
AID543920Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 90028 by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID370180Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A27 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID545184Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from peritoneal cavity of patient 39 days after admission2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583080Induction of change in extracellular serine-rich protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID575115Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 54 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID324326Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus R21 in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID575110Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 45 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID587138Induction of change in outer mitochondrial membrane protein porin protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532134Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID1472820Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID584157Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein yl17-b protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587380Induction of change in allergen Asp F3 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1692938Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in ip dosed DBA/2 mouse model of disseminated candidiasis assessed as reduction in fungal burden in kidney administered bid for 7 days by TOKA2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID532044Antifungal activity against Lichtheimia corymbifera clinical isolate after 48 hrs by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antifungal susceptibility profile of human-pathogenic species of Lichtheimia.
AID519422Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-1290 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID584150Induction of change in IgE-binding protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434912Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID575208Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella echinulata UTHSC 01-2298 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID587150Induction of change in transaldolase protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522726Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID531136Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID543919Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 36082 by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID434884Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID531139Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis H10 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID285852Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.015 ug/ml by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID407029Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 at planktonic cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID434875Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 14 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID581409Cmin in plasma of in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID373012Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate 05-290-2479 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID532152Antifungal activity against Scedosporium apiospermum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID432111Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID574268Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml biofilm-derived Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells hrs by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID647833Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum after 7 days by serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Total synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new echinocandin-like antifungal cyclolipohexapeptides.
AID434882Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545204Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 25 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID323284Antifungal activity against Candida albicans T32 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID554504Antifungal activity against cnaA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth at germling stage at 1 ug/ml by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID407032Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 intact biofilms after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID522755Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID323372Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate after 22 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID508313Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate V52-35 harboring TR L98H mutation in Cyp51A protein by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Efficacy of posaconazole against three clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with mutations in the cyp51A gene.
AID386131Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger JvD1.1 at 25.6 ug/mL by microtiter plate2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID525339Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 1 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID544132Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 205 harboring FKS1 T1933C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645P mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID370156Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A34 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1873196Inhibition of ABCG2 (unknown origin) expressed in human HEK293 cells membrane vesicles assessed inhibition of BCRP- mediated transport of 3[H]-E1S for 1 mins using [3H]-estrone sulfate as substrate by liquid scintillation counter analysis2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-05, Volume: 237Targeting breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2): Functional inhibitors and expression modulators.
AID565378Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10033 assessed as compound concentration at which paradoxical growth of observed after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID559299Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as appearance of collapsed blastospore at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID407046Antimicrobial activity against Cdr1, Cdr2 and Mdr1 deficient Candida albicans DSY1050 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID509644Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans NR4 expressing heterozygous fsk1 mutant gene by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID565384Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10033 assessed as compound concentration at which paradoxical growth of observed after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID434641Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 11 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID575200Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella bertholletiae UTHSC 05-2275 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID625283Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for elevated liver function tests2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID372243Fungistatic activity against Candida albicans CHK21 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
The Ssk1p response regulator and Chk1p histidine kinase mutants of Candida albicans are hypersensitive to fluconazole and voriconazole.
AID559289Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 planktonic cells after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID565375Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 9453 assessed as compound concentration at which paradoxical growth of observed after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID416216Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as deffects in cell wall rigidity at 2.5 ug/ml after 3 days by differential interference contrast microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID405112Antimicrobial activity against Cunninghamella sp. assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID285866Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.12 ug/ml by EUCAST method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID522698Fungicidal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP-302 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID432125Antifungal activity Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID351873Inhibition of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase EMFR-S678P mutant from Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as incorporation of [3H]glucose2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID370327Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A25 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID432118Fungicidal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 15 at =< 3.12 ug/ml after 24 to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID559992Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID386099Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as germ tube elongation and branching at 0.9 ug/mL after 5 hrs2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID572634Antimicrobial activity against C'5-deficient Candida albicans DBA/2J harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase heterogenous mutant infected in immunosuppressed CD-1 mouse assessed as decrease in kidney fungal burden at 0.07 to 1.4 mg/kg, ip measured 4 days post 2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID587389Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S6 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584144Induction of change in citrate synthase, eukaryotic protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID531183Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 32354 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID1225383Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 46645 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by checkerboard method2015Journal of natural products, Mar-27, Volume: 78, Issue:3
Cyclic colisporifungin and linear cavinafungins, antifungal lipopeptides isolated from Colispora cavincola.
AID368266Effect on morphology in Candida orthopsilosis grown as biofilm assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 32 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID432109Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID434887Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 11 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583288Induction of change in hypothetical protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434878Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 2 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545180Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from urine of patient 29 days after admission by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583711Induction of change in acetyl-CoA-acetyltransferase, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434761Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID577673Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 8 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID285874Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID323370Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate assessed as decrease in fungal turbidity in presence of 50% human serum by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID532162Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID736603Antifungal activity against voriconazole-resistant Candida glabrata clinical isolate 724 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by CLSI microbroth dilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and anti-Candida activity of novel 2-hydrazino-1,3-thiazole derivatives.
AID434900Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID434785Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 1 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID572609Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 11 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID584141Induction of change in ubiquitin (UbiC), putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID563630Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4897 obtained from blood culture assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID587156Induction of change in cytochrome c oxidase polypeptide vib protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370330Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A28 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID554515Antifungal activity against cnaA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as increase in chitin cell wall content at 1 ug/ml2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID583938Induction of change in outer mitochondrial membrane protein porin gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522756Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID522798Inhibition of Candida glabrata CG-C3 FKS2 T1987C mutant2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID374510Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus isolate 0031-087 after 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID323329Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCS17154969-2 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID422991Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID522746Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID434791Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 10 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583745Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein yl17-b gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587274Induction of change in hypothetical protein locus AFUA_3G14940 level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID535414Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 53264 expressing FKS1 F645P mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID522737Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID525296Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 7 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID583491Induction of change in choline oxidase (CodA), putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370324Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A18 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID583948Induction of change in large subunit ribosomal protein L3 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370358Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A25 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1726239Selectivity index, ratio of HA50 to human RCB to MIC of antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 200956
AID545310Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by 80% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583935Induction of change in NAD-dependent formate dehydrogenase gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587169Induction of change in pyruvate decarboxylase PdcA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID531344Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata isolate 7754 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method in presence of 50% of human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.
AID575203Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella bertholletiae UTHSC 03-2241 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID535421Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 4254 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID322980Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Concentration-dependent synergy and antagonism within a triple antifungal drug combination against Aspergillus species: analysis by a new response surface model.
AID559866Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99% fungal growth reduction at 0.5 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID518078Ratio of AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida glabrata infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida glabrata at 1 log kill dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID575123Inhibition of beta-1,3-D-glucan synthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 after 48 hrs by alanine blue assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID749849Antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus MB2865 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID565363Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10033 after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID583290Induction of change in mitochondrial hypoxia responsive domain protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525321Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 9 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID583719Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_5G07590 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370354Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A14 grown as biofilm assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID581216Cmin in plasma of adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID587285Induction of change in ThiJ/PfpI family protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID535617Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis T7 blood stream isolate2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID374497Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate 0036-030 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID283214Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis at 4 ug/ml after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Caspofungin in combination with amphotericin B against Candida parapsilosis.
AID532334Antifungal activity against Rhizomucor species by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID434756Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 11 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522728Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID323299Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 75/043 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID559655Antifungal activity against Candida krusei CK18 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID577651Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 3.2 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID581238Cmin in plasma of 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID531150Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 90030 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID425780Antifungal activity against Candida albicans M61 grown as planktonic cell assessed as minimum drug level required to decrease turbidity by 50% after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID522770Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID587264Induction of change in glucosamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID740972Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae MY1396 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 24 hrs2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID516194Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20489.085 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID572407Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 22 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID587280Induction of change in FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl isomerase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contr2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432127Antifungal activity Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID1692969Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mean survival time at 0.125 mg/kg, ip bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID625290Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver fatty2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID518984Increase in chitin content in slt2 deficient Candida glabrata 200989 at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml after 12 hrs2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID1477782Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus TCC 90906 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID581423AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID583725Induction of change in conserved hypothetical gene locus AFUA_8G00970 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370152Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A30 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID519323Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ASAT level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=46.6+/-6.1 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID749847Inhibition of wild type Candida albicans MY1055 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase using UDP[6,3H]-glucose as substrate after 60 mins by liquid scintillation counting analysis2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID374333Protein binding in human serum at 1 to 1000 ug/mL by scintillation counting2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID559303Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as change in cellular morphology at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID323270Antifungal activity against Candida albicans B06-341 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID532041Antifungal activity against Lichtheimia ramosa clinical isolate after 24 hrs by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antifungal susceptibility profile of human-pathogenic species of Lichtheimia.
AID386143Induction of agsA expression in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID508311Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AZN 8196 harboring wild type Cyp51A protein by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Efficacy of posaconazole against three clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with mutations in the cyp51A gene.
AID530568Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT assessed as amount of galactose in the alkali-insoluble fraction at 0.04 ug/ml2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID572618Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 19 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID519308Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as blood urea nitrogen level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=4.4+/-0.5 mmol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID372888Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID587403Induction of change in GPI-anchored cell wall organization protein Ecm33 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relat2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1729792Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 2001 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of ergosterol by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID544182Activity at Candida albicans 2762 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1922C mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID559997Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 4 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID583741Induction of change in 40s ribosomal protein s11 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323321Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis KR after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID532320Antifungal activity against Candida krusei by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583732Induction of change in CFEM domain protein, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434626Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs by followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID532352Antifungal activity against Rhinocladiella aquaspersa by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID525298Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 5 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID559649Antifungal activity against Candida krusei CK1 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID518794Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID370311Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A40 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID559302Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as change in cellular morphology at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID704471Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID1079945Animal toxicity known. [column 'TOXIC' in source]
AID434790Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 11 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID582581Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 21900 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase Fks1p D632G mutant/wild type Fks2p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID583962Induction of change in cytosolic large ribosomal subunit protein L30 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323356Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate in presence of 50% human serum after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID584169Induction of change in Ribosomal L15 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432253Effect on nongerminated Aspergillus fumigatus metabolic activity assessed as drug concentration at which fungal metabolic activity occurs after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID544133Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 205 harboring FKS1 T1933C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645P mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID545320Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID545322Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID559659Antifungal activity against Candida krusei EU220 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID587377Induction of change in 1,3-beta-glucanosyltransferase Gel1 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1717590Inhibition of Beta-1,3-glucan synthase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe pbr1-62020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID559313Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID583067Induction of change in pyruvate decarboxylase PdcA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contr2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID283095Metabolic activity of Aspergillus flavus at 0.25 ug /ml using after 2 hrs by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID497804Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 02 by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID563627Antifungal activity against Aspergillus foetidus isolate CM-4002 assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID581222Clearance in adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID522765Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID544139Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 85 harboring FKS1 C1934T mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645F mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID518787Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4690 expressing fks2 L644W mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID532345Antifungal activity against Penicillium marneffei by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID587270Induction of change in secreted dipeptidyl peptidase DppV protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1494186Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate CG1 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID519681Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in YGL235W gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID522795Inhibition of Candida tropicalis CT-C1 FKS1 T227C mutant2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID572385Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 1 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID518976Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 200989 assessed as log reduction in bacterial count at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml by time-kill analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID577657Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 2 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID587153Induction of change in antigenic mitochondrial protein HSP60, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519446Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya pseudofischeri isolate CNM-CM-4060 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID386113Induction of crhC gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID519426Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-3538 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID518782Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 4700 expressing fks1 F641Y mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID577664Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 8 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID1477762Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID434749Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 3 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID323306Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 910Aa after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID323342Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID740975Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 24 hrs in presence of 50% mouse serum2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID587388Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L22, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1494193Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP3 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID540211Fraction unbound in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID572614Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 7 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID368270Effect on morphology in Candida albicans grown as biofilm assessed as rounding and clumping at 32 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID374343Ratio of MIC50 for Candida glabrata isolate 0022-012 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida glabrata isolate 0022-012 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID545313Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs by 50% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID587393Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L44 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434918Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID544142Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 122 harboring FKS1 C1946A mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 P649H mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID432286Decrease in nongerminated Aspergillus fumigatus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 64 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID535613Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 53264 expressing FKS1 F645P mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID545305Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by 80% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID582560Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata ATCC 90030 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID559291Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 planktonic cells after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID545181Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from pus of patient 29 days after admission2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID518068Half life in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 20 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID584154Induction of change in ribosomal protein L16a protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID433614Antifungal activity against Rhodotorula mucilaginosa after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID554509Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus H237 assessed as decrease in 1, 3-beta-D-glucan cell wall content at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by aniline blue assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID560009Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID374334Protein binding in mouse serum at 1 to 1000 ug/mL by scintillation counting2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID370342Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A40 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID587369Induction of change in cobalamin-independent methionine synthase MetH/D protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to co2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323285Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NR2 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID434748Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522790Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata CG-C3 harboring FKS2 T1987C mutant gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID583513Induction of change in stearic acid desaturase (SdeA), putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583274Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L19 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID386138Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger RD6.47 by microtiter plate2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID324322Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 36082 infected BALB/c mouse assessed as fungal kidney burden after 14 days2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID323341Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID532136Antifungal activity against Trichosporon asahii2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID525313Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 1 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID407031Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID522880Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as induction of miniparadoxical effect at 16 mg/L after 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID407034Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans FH1 at planktonic cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID545318Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by 50% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID572629Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID425168Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4370 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID559088Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans clinical isolate biofilm by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 53, Issue:6
In vitro activity of micafungin against planktonic and sessile Candida albicans isolates.
AID559657Antifungal activity against Candida krusei EU123 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID575112Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 49 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID374513Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate 0001-073 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID432255Effect on Aspergillus fumigatus metabolic activity assessed number of twofold drug dilutions required for germinated fungal metabolic activity to nongerminated fungal metabolic activity2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID519320Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ASAT level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=51.2+/-9.4 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID559872Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 50% fungal growth reduction at 2 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID1477775Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani 62877 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID559891Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99.9% fungal growth reduction at 32 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID749857Antifungal activity against wild type Candida krusei CLY549 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID518075Ratio of fAUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida glabrata infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida glabrata at static dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID563425Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-3585 assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID673411Antifungal activity against Candida albicans C697 infected in normal mouse assessed as reduction of fungal burden in kidney at 5 mg/kg, ip2012Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 22, Issue:16
The optimization of pyridazinone series of glucan synthase inhibitors.
AID325030Antifungal activity against Candida krusei 98 isolate from acute myelogenous leukemia patient by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Acquired echinocandin resistance in a Candida krusei isolate due to modification of glucan synthase.
AID433608Antifungal activity against Geotrichum after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID522689Fungicidal activity against Candida orthopsilosis isolate CP-131 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID522794Inhibition of Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 wild type FKS2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID583285Induction of change in mitochondrial hypoxia responsive domain protein level in iTRAQ121 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545206Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 5 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID555572Antimicrobial activity against Candida lusitaniae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID432292Decrease in nongerminated Aspergillus fumigatus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 128 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID1079931Moderate liver toxicity, defined via clinical-chemistry results: ALT or AST serum activity 6 times the normal upper limit (N) or alkaline phosphatase serum activity of 1.7 N. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'BIOL' in source]
AID581233Cmax in plasma of 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID532149Antifungal activity against Mucor species2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID540212Mean residence time in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID1419505Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus ATCC MYA-3633 incubated for 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID525410Fungicidal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4293 assessed as 99.9% reduction of initial fungal load at 8 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID416046Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as metabolically inactive hyphae at 0.025 ug/ml after 3 days by FUN1 staining-based fluorescence microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID519440Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya hiratsukae isolate CNM-CM-3305 obtained from skin of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID324335Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans ATCC 900282007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID531142Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis 960161 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID519683Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in YLR456W gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID532340Antifungal activity against Mucor hiemalis by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID372241Fungistatic activity against Candida albicans SSK21 after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
The Ssk1p response regulator and Chk1p histidine kinase mutants of Candida albicans are hypersensitive to fluconazole and voriconazole.
AID1863781Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SN152 harboring CAS5 mutant assessed as inhibition of fungal growth by broth microdilution method2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240β-Nitrostyrene derivatives as broad range potential antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall.
AID518070Protein binding in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 80 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID545154Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis after 48 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID374339Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 0021-076 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID1729797Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 28707 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of sorbitol by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID583718Induction of change in GPI anchored protein, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323262Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SCS140136P after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID583301Induction of change in extracellular cell wall glucanase Crf1/allergen Asp F9 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis r2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432266Induction of maximal metabolic inhibition in nongerminated Aspergillus flavus assessed as minimal metabolic activity Ymin after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID545187Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R infected in NMRI mouse assessed as decrease in kidney bacterial burden at 6 mg/kg, ip measured on day 42009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID572397Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 12 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID529668Antimicrobial activity against Paecilomyces lilacinus by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Susceptibility testing and molecular classification of Paecilomyces spp.
AID583512Induction of change in integral membrane gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374521Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-020 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID544131Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 2762 harboring FKS1 T1922C mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 F641S mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID682089TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OATP1B3-expressing Tet-on HeLa cells2005Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5
Hepatic uptake of the novel antifungal agent caspofungin.
AID554493Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus H237 expressing rasA gene assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID583055Induction of change in cytochrome c protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434873Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 12 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID582861Induction of change in major allergen and cytotoxin AspF1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434919Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID324341Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans ATCC 36082 in presence of 20% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID582578Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 3168 wild type 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID516176Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 5592 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID433611Antifungal activity against Zygosaccharomyces after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID583306Induction of change in phosphoglycerate kinase PgkA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contr2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572406Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 21 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID582558Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 51916 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p P667T mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID584165Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein l2 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370151Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A29 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID545289Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by NCCLS microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID372870Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% malate production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID546436Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 containing Fusarium solani fks1617-649 hybrid after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID531343Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata isolate 7755 FKS2 F659V mutant gene after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.
AID583940Induction of change in aconitate hydratase, mitochondrial gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374479Antifungal activity against Candida krusei isolate 0013-054 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID1419503Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus ATCC MYA-3631 incubated for 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID587277Induction of change in nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) subunit, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID529547Antifungal activity against Candida krusei obtained from patient with acute myeloid leukemia2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Reduced Candida glabrata susceptibility secondary to an FKS1 mutation developed during candidemia treatment.
AID565385Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10034 assessed as compound concentration at which paradoxical growth of observed after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID577446Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 2 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID1863855Downregulation of STT4 gene expression in Candida cells2022European journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-05, Volume: 240β-Nitrostyrene derivatives as broad range potential antifungal agents targeting fungal cell wall.
AID1079947Comments (NB not yet translated). [column 'COMMENTAIRES' in source]
AID572616Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 14 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID433586Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID584160Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L9 b protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545210Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 25 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID555809Antimicrobial activity against Cunninghamella bertholletiae by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID1419502Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID386102Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as tip swelling at 0.9 ug/mL after 5 hrs2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID565377Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10031 assessed as compound concentration at which paradoxical growth of observed after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID323349Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate in presence of 5% mouse serum after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID374523Ratio of MIC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-020 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-020 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID530961Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID545319Antimicrobial activity against Candida guilliermondii after 48 hrs by 50% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID370164Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A42 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID583717Induction of change in antioxidant protein LsfA gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID407045Antimicrobial activity against Cdr1, Cdr2 and Mdr1 deficient Candida albicans DSY1050 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID325034Ratio of MIC of FKS1 T2080K mutation containing Candida krusei 100 isolate to MIC of Candida krusei 98 isolate from acute myelogenous leukemia patient by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Acquired echinocandin resistance in a Candida krusei isolate due to modification of glucan synthase.
AID546076Antifungal activity against Candida rugosa isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID432412Antifungal activity against germinated Aspergillus terreus assessed as absence of visual fungal growth at 128 ug/mL2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID374499Ratio of MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis isolate 0036-030 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis isolate 0036-030 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID583714Induction of change in bifunctional catalase-peroxidase Cat2 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584168Induction of change in ribosomal protein S23 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID422997Antifungal activity against Staphylococcus aureus MB28652009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID583504Induction of change in CFEM domain protein, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545194Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 5 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID582571Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 3830 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p S663P mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID581202Cmin in plasma of 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID525317Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 5 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID370357Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A24 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID565380Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10032 infected in immunosuppressed OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in kidney at 1 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID434745Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID532349Antifungal activity against Sporothrix schenckii by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID582568Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 31498 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p F659 deletion mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID1472816Antifungal activity against itraconazole and fluconazole resistant Candida albicans ATCC 90819 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID407039Antimicrobial activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans FH5 at planktonic cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID351870Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus expressing fks1 gene EMFR-S678P mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth dilution susceptibility test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID532344Antifungal activity against Scedosporium apiospermum by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID368251Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A40 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID587260Induction of change in translation elongation factor eEF-3, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID544146Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 194 harboring FKS1 C1934T/G4082R mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645F mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot2 R1361R/H mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID434885Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 9 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID565396Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10034 infected in immunosuppressed OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in spleen at 1 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID581226Terminal half life in adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID565075Antimicrobial activity against Blastoschizomyces capitatus by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Case of fatal Blastoschizomyces capitatus infection occurring in a patient receiving empiric micafungin therapy.
AID374340Ratio of MIC50 for Candida albicans isolate 0021-076 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida albicans isolate 0021-076 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID1692937Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in DBA/2 mouse model of disseminated candidiasis assessed as reduction in fungal burden in kidney by measuring log change in colony forming units at 0.0078 mg/kg, ip bid for 7 days by TOKA2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID1472818Antifungal activity against itraconazole and fluconazole resistant Candida albicans ATCC MYA-1237 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID374344Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 0049-038 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID521044Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 200989 at 0 to 32 ug/ml by XTT calorimetric assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID587160Induction of change in cytochrome c protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID625286Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatitis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID374342Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 0022-012 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID587162Induction of change in GPI-anchored cell wall organization protein Ecm33 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525330Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 19 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID572601Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 15 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID1726241Antifungal activity against Candida auris CBS 10913 by CLSI standard M27 broth microdilution method
AID432247Antifungal activity against germinated Aspergillus terreus assessed as lowest drug concentration that produced short, stubby and highly branched hyphae after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID545292Antimicrobial activity against Candida guilliermondii after 48 hrs by NCCLS microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID434876Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID582570Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 41026 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p F659S mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID373009Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 72 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID583505Induction of change in carbonic anhydrase family gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532323Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583493Induction of change in hypothetical protein locus AFUA_8G07100 level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583744Induction of change in large subunit ribosomal protein L3 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519439Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya hiratsukae isolate CNM-CM-3303 obtained from skin of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID522702Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as induction of miniparadoxical effect at 16 mg/L after 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID323361Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate assessed as decrease in fungal turbidity by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID433595Antifungal activity against Candida lipolytica after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID581417Cmin in plasma of in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID519315Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ALAT level in serum at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=51.3+/-5.2 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID326107Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Paradoxical effect of Echinocandins across Candida species in vitro: evidence for echinocandin-specific and candida species-related differences.
AID565394Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10032 infected in immunosuppressed OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in spleen at 1 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID324323Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus R212007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID323308Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis AMCC after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID647832Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus after 7 days by serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Total synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new echinocandin-like antifungal cyclolipohexapeptides.
AID583742Induction of change in ribosomal protein L16a gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID422995Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5568 in presence of 50% human serum after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID583507Induction of change in sur7 protein, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519448Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus viridinutans isolate CNM-CM-3147 obtained from oropharyngeal exudate of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID545302Antimicrobial activity against Candida lusitaniae after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID522749Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID374494Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate 0026-003 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID519684Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in YGL072C gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID416228Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 infected in excised human skin assessed as inhibition of invasive colonized hyphal growth at epidermis at ED90 after 4 days by Uvitex-2B staining-based fluorescence2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID370167Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis 22019 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID516189Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20477.048 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID434753Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 14 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587404Induction of change in Mitochondrial hypoxia-responsive domain protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID368272Effect on morphology in Candida tropicalis grown as biofilm assessed as rounding and clumping at 8 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID587259Induction of change in thioredoxin protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID518795Antifungal activity against Candida species after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID407037Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans FH1 intact biofilms after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID575114Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 52 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID1079948Times to onset, minimal and maximal, observed in the indexed observations. [column 'DELAI' in source]
AID583736Induction of change in conserved hypothetical gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370356Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A20 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID434755Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 12 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID407024Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 at planktonic cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID587170Induction of change in BYS1 domain protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1472817Antifungal activity against itraconazole and fluconazole susceptible Candida albicans ATCC MYA-2310 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID554511Antifungal activity against rasA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus H237 assessed as increase in chitin cell wall content at 1 ug/ml2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID510307Antimicrobial activity against flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistant Candida glabrata bloodstream isolate 1 serially obtained from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acquisition of flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates serially obtained from a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient.
AID386118Induction of ugpA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID546442Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata containing fsk2-L588P/F639V mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID370339Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A37 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID544405Activity at Candida albicans A15-10 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p T1933Y mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID509645Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans T32 by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID581406Cmax in plasma of in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID1613843Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC 90819 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID522710Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as induction of fungal killing rate at 0.03 to 32 mg/L measured at 6 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583746Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein L24, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID574258Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans SC5314 biofilms by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID525301Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 2 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID559650Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei CK1 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID581242Cmax in plasma of 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID1494188Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate CG3 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID407051Antimicrobial activity against Chk1 deficient Candida albicans CHK21 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID535624Inhibition of Candida tropicalis T7 blood stream isolate glucan synthase subunit FKS1p at monophasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID407027Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans SC5314 intact biofilms after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID374514Ratio of MIC50 for Aspergillus niger isolate 0001-073 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Aspergillus niger isolate 0001-073 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID522742Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 0.25 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID522789Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata CG-C2 harboring FKS1 T1885C mutant gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID532045Antifungal activity against Lichtheimia ornata clinical isolate after 24 hrs by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antifungal susceptibility profile of human-pathogenic species of Lichtheimia.
AID565390Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10032 infected in OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in spleen at 1 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID370313Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A42 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1079933Acute liver toxicity defined via clinical observations and clear clinical-chemistry results: serum ALT or AST activity > 6 N or serum alkaline phosphatases activity > 1.7 N. This category includes cytolytic, choleostatic and mixed liver toxicity. Value is
AID432114Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis clinical isolate in antibiotic medium 3 treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID559890Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99% fungal growth reduction at 32 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID531342Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata isolate 7754 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Development of caspofungin resistance following prolonged therapy for invasive candidiasis secondary to Candida glabrata infection.
AID587257Induction of change in cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587375Induction of change in ribosomal protein L26 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1419501Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID584159Induction of change in ribosomal protein L27a protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370321Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A8 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID370341Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A39 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID407043Antimicrobial activity against Cdr1, Cdr2 and Mdr1 deficient Candida albicans DSY1050 at planktonic cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID324314Ratio of MIC for Candida glabrata to MIC for Candida glabrata in presence of 50% mouse serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID433597Antifungal activity against Candida pelliculosa after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID1079935Cytolytic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is > 5 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CYTOL' in source]
AID374477Ratio of MIC50 for Candida krusei isolate 0001-058 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida krusei isolate 0001-058 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID370312Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A41 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID587487Induction of change in Ribosomal protein S5 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID535413Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 42379 expressing FKS1 F645P mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID1419493Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 incubated for 48 hrs by modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID583710Induction of change in extracellular thaumatin domain protein, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522723Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID374511Ratio of MIC50 for Aspergillus terreus isolate 0031-087 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Aspergillus terreus isolate 0031-087 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID531149Antifungal activity against Candida albicans M122 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID434759Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545325Antimicrobial activity against Candida lusitaniae after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID572412Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 2 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID559889Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 90% fungal growth reduction at 32 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID518977Antifungal activity against slt2 deficient Candida glabrata 200989 assessed as log reduction in bacterial count at 0.125 ug/ml by time-kill analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID572395Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 11 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID587282Induction of change in allergen Asp F4 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525322Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 11 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID577655Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 8 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID574260Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans BF-1 planktonic cells by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID285853Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.03 ug/ml by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID425381Antifungal activity against 1.04 x 10'8 CFU Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected in CD1 mouse assessed as reduction in fungal burden per kidney pair at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered from day 1 to day 2 post viral challenge measured on day 3 postinfection2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID625291Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for liver function tests abnormal2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID740971Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 24 hrs2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID434628Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID434880Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583296Induction of change in allergen Asp F4 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572622Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 23 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS2 point mutant grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID531146Antifungal activity against Candida albicans Sc5314 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID535630Inhibition of Candida albicans ATCC 90028 glucan synthase at monophasic kinetics2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID519423Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-3134 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID583061Induction of change in cell wall glucanase (Utr2), putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contro2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545282Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S at 25 ug/ml grown on RPMI 1640 medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID516177Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 513 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID425794Antifungal activity against Candida albicans M61 grown as biofilm at >2 mg/liter after 24 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID519325Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus by Etest method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID581200AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 3-24 months old infants/toddlers at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID535614Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 5415 expressing FKS1 F645P/H mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID565357Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 9456 after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID1419504Antifungal activity against Aspergillus nidulans ATCC 38163 incubated for 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2017European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-16, Volume: 133Novel alkylated azoles as potent antifungals.
AID497800Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata assessed as fungicidal activity by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID369152Antifungal activity against Rhizopus strain 0 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID374485Ratio of MIC50 for Candida lusitaniae isolate 0013-002 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida lusitaniae isolate 0013-002 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID581416Cmax in plasma of in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID544149Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 90 harboring FKS1 G4082R mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot2 R1361R/H mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID581224Cmax in plasma of adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID386103Effect on morphological changes in Aspergillus niger N402 germlings assessed as branching index at 50 ng/mL2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID587383Induction of change in Class III chitinase ChiA1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584158Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein L24, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID584147Induction of change in plasma membrane H -ATPase protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID518983Increase in chitin content in Candida glabrata 200989 at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml after 12 hrs relative to control2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID522697Fungicidal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP-301 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID434743Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 9 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID323274Antifungal activity against Candida albicans JIMS101103 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID545198Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 25 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 24 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID704466Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SC 53124 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID434783Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 3 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID581410Terminal half life in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID583930Induction of change in ribosomal protein L26 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID543922Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 1002 by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID529545Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 06-3169 harboring FSK1p T1896G and D632E mutant obtained from patient on compound therapy by M27-A2 method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Reduced Candida glabrata susceptibility secondary to an FKS1 mutation developed during candidemia treatment.
AID577672Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 8 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID565391Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis FMR 10034 infected in OF1 mouse assessed as fungal count in kidney at 10 mg/kg/day, iv after 24 hrs by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID340897Decrease in 1,3-beta-D-glucan level in Aspergillus fumigatus expressing delta-cnaA mutant assessed as relative fluorescence units at 1 ug/ml by aniline blue fluorescence assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Calcineurin inhibition or mutation enhances cell wall inhibitors against Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID587145Induction of change in PT repeat family protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583078Induction of change in translation elongation factor eEF-3, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID680567TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of estradiol-17beta-D-glucuronide uptake (Caspofungin:100 uM) in OATP1B1-expressing HeLa cells2005Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5
Hepatic uptake of the novel antifungal agent caspofungin.
AID323358Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate infected ICR mouse kidney assessed as reduction of tissue fungal burden at 0.5 mg/kg, ip2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID544169Inhibition of Candida albicans 121 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p G4082A mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID581260Terminal half life in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID522760Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID1494174Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 64124 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID285864Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.03 ug/ml by EUCAST method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID583936Induction of change in citrate synthase, eukaryotic gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID555593Antimicrobial activity against Trichosporon ovoides by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Activity profile in vitro of micafungin against Spanish clinical isolates of common and emerging species of yeasts and molds.
AID324344Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans SC5314 in presence of 10% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID433604Antifungal activity against Candida nivariensis after 24 to 48 hrs by AFST-EUCAST based broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Comparative in vitro activities of caspofungin and micafungin, determined using the method of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing, against yeast isolates obtained in France in 2005-2006.
AID532338Antifungal activity against Rhizopus oryzae by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID544179Activity at Candida albicans 3795 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID575201Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella bertholletiae FMR-9598 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID497809Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 02 in presence of fluconazole by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID1717518Antifungal activity against Candida albicans incubated for 24 hrs by CLSI method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
AID432254Effect on germinated Aspergillus fumigatus metabolic activity assessed as drug concentration at which fungal metabolic activity occurs after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID405109Antimicrobial activity against Rhizomucor sp. assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID405098Antimicrobial activity against Mucor circinelloides after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID519295Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus infected in neutropenic rat assessed as survival of rat at 4 mg/kg/day, ip administered 24 hrs post infection for 10 days2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID583489Induction of change in 14-3-3 family protein ArtA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID544158Inhibition of Candida albicans 3107 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase subunit FKS1p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID581426Cmin in plasma of in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID416050Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as deffects in cell wall rigidity at hyphal apex at 0.25 ug/ml after 3 days by differential interference contrast microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID434795Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID374481Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID559290Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 planktonic cells after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID587367Induction of change in hypothetical protein locus AFUA_5G14680 level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583062Induction of change in GNAT family acetyltransferase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583310Induction of change in major allergen and cytotoxin AspF1 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID679386TP_TRANSPORTER: inhibition of p-amino hippurate uptake (Caspofungin:100 uM) in OAT1-expressing HeLa cells2005Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5
Hepatic uptake of the novel antifungal agent caspofungin.
AID434890Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 14 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID1494183Antifungal activity against Aspergillus nidulans ATCC 38163 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A2 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID546073Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID581234Cmin in plasma of 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID522734Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID577654Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 8 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID583313Induction of change in molecular chaperone and allergen Mod-E/Hsp90/Hsp1 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relati2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID546435Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 containing Fusarium solani fks1617-649 with F639 mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID572399Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 17 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID572403Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 18 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID583729Induction of change in vip1 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587482Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S6 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370185Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A32 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID587273Induction of change in glucosamine-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545294Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583933Induction of change in ubiquitin (UbiC), putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587258Induction of change in ubiquinol-cytochrome C reductase complex core protein 2, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analy2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434789Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 12 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID1729796Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 28707 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of ergosterol by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID323265Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SCS68858 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID583293Induction of change in citrate synthase Cit1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID531144Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742-FKS1P649A mutant by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID369159Antifungal activity against Snycephalastrum sp. strain 23 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID565364Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10034 after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID405096Antimicrobial activity against Mucor sp. after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID1472813Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID572382Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID532160Antifungal activity against Rhinocladiella aquaspersa2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID434769Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID577658Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 2 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID519449Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus viridinutans isolate CNM-CM-4518 obtained from nail of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID432290Decrease in nongerminated Aspergillus flavus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 64 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID583277Induction of change in ribosomal protein L34 protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID540213Half life in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID582585Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 234 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase wild type Fks1p/Fks2p F659V mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID368269Effect on morphology in Candida parapsilosis grown as biofilm assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 128 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID545157Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID587286Induction of change in extracellular cell wall glucanase Crf1/allergen Asp F9 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434911Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 6.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID405107Antimicrobial activity against Mucor sp. after assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID581415Cmax in plasma of in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID525307Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 22 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID583057Induction of change in GPI-anchored cell wall organization protein Ecm33 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relat2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID407040Antimicrobial activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans FH5 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID574254Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 biofilms by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID323369Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate assessed as decrease in fungal turbidity in presence of 5% human serum by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID386137Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger JvD1.1 by microtiter plate2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID583733Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_6G02020 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID497812Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 05 in presence of fluconazole by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID582583Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 42971 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase Fks1p D632Y mutant/Fks2p R1377STOP mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID518785Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4708 expressing fks1 S645P mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID572615Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 10 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID370363Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A30 grown as biofilm assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID581246AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID416218Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 infected in excised human skin assessed as inhibition of invasive colonized hyphal growth at epidermis at ED90 after 4 days by Uvitex-2B staining-based fluoresce2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID516183Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 34341 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID521791Fungistatic activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4205 assessed as 99.9% reduction of initial fungal load at 0.5 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID1726243Antifungal activity against Candida duobushaemulonis CBS 7799 by CLSI standard M27 broth microdilution method
AID583957Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein l2 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1079943Malignant tumor, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'T.MAL' in source]
AID581232AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID531190Antifungal activity against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC MYA-4438 at 16.5 uM after 5 days by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID368257Effect on morphology in Candida albicans grown as planktonic cells assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID432121Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium at 0.4 to 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545307Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs by 80% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID370159Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A37 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1295977Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 after 24 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID559660Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei EU220 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID587495Antifungal activity against drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P assessed as change in hyphal morphology by RPMI medium2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID416221Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 infected in excised human skin assessed as inhibition of invasive colonized hyphal growth at dermis at ED90 after 4 days by Uvitex-2B staining-based fluorescence2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID581425Cmax in plasma of in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID582567Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 42971 expressing Fks1p D632Y mutant and Fks2p R1377STOP mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID386130Induction of GFP tagged PagsA-H2B expression in Aspergillus niger RD6.47 at 25.6 ug/mL by fluorescence microscopy2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID434631Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 1 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID581229Cmin in plasma of 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID374503Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 0022-021 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID545166Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate C after 48 hrs by microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID587154Induction of change in ATP citrate lyase, subunit 1, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532321Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID554679Antifungal activity against cnaA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as increase in calcofluor white staining og conidia at 1 ug/ml after 16 hrss by fluorescence microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID565359Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10031 after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID577659Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 2 ug/ml after 90 mins (Rvb =48%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID560005Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID525096Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 14 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID372841Ratio of MIC50 for Aspergillus flavus isolate 0001-061 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Aspergillus flavus isolate 0001-061 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID736604Antifungal activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida glabrata R assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by CLSI microbroth dilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and anti-Candida activity of novel 2-hydrazino-1,3-thiazole derivatives.
AID519070Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 3153 assessed as death stimulation in vitro pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Mechanism-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic models of in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal effects against Candida albicans.
AID525303Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 18 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID1295981Antibiofilm activity against Candida albicans CAF2-1 assessed as reduction in metabolic activity after 48 hrs by XTT assay2016Journal of natural products, Feb-26, Volume: 79, Issue:2
Antifungal Quinoline Alkaloids from Waltheria indica.
AID522763Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID519310Renal toxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as blood urea nitrogen level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day, ip for 7 days measured on day 13 after infection (Rvb=5.8+/-0.4 mmol/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID323283Antifungal activity against Candida albicans T32 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID582552Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 31498 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p F659 deletion mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID374482Ratio of MIC50 for Candida krusei ATCC 6258 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida krusei ATCC 6258 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID522735Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID323304Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 90/033 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID432126Antifungal activity Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in RPMI 1640 medium at 0.19 to 6.25 ug/ml after 24 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID575116Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 55 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID370346Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A44 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID575106Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 36 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID587497Antifungal activity against drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P assessed as change in hyphal morphology by YPD medium2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323293Antifungal activity against Candida albicans T25 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID323273Antifungal activity against Candida albicans JIMS101103 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID369160Antifungal activity against Rhizomucor sp. strain 25 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID583734Induction of change in hypothetical gene locus AFUA_4G11270 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587173Induction of change in isocitrate dehydrogenase Idp1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525294Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 9 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID370329Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A27 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID519675Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in SNF1 gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID323275Antifungal activity against Candida albicans JIMS132203 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID545327Antimicrobial activity against Candida guilliermondii after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID516202Cmax in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 5 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID386140Induction of GFP tagged PagsA-H2B expression in Aspergillus niger RD6.47 by fluorescence microscopy2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID629799Antifungal activity against Candida albicans CBS 9975 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Nov-01, Volume: 19, Issue:21
Synthesis and evaluation of novel macrocyclic antifungal peptides.
AID532153Antifungal activity against Penicillium marneffei2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID554490Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 expressing crzA gene assessed as abnormal hyphal growth by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID323357Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate in presence of 50% human serum after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID583291Induction of change in nascent polypeptide-associated complex (NAC) subunit, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) an2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434623Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 9 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID519299AUC in neutropenic rat at 10 mg/kg/day for 3 days followed by 4 mg/kg/day for 7 days measured after 10 days2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID583494Induction of change in extracellular conserved serine-rich protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID386139Induction of GFP tagged PagsA expression in Aspergillus niger JvD1.1 by fluorescence microscopy2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID1692945Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mouse survival at 0.125 mg/kg, ip bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days relative to control2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID583636Drug level in immunosuppressed Swiss Webster mouse spleen with pulmonary aspergillosis assessed as compound level per gram of tissue at 5 mg/kg/day, iv for 5 days measured on day 62010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Liposomal amphotericin B and echinocandins as monotherapy or sequential or concomitant therapy in murine disseminated and pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infections.
AID416048Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as metabolically inactive hyphae at 0.25 ug/ml after 3 days by FUN1 staining-based fluorescence microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID532319Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID522716Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as induction of maximal fungal death at 16 mg/L after 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID559301Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm assessed as appearance of collapsed cell wall at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by scanning electron microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID434622Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 10 in RPMI 1640 medium at =< 0.09 ug/ml after 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID1477778Antifungal activity against Aspergillus brasiliensis TCC16404 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID575122Inhibition of beta-1,3-D-glucan synthesis in Madurella mycetomatis isolate 55 after 7 days by alanine blue assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID323264Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SCS67023C after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID522721Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as minimum concentration required for => 3-log decrease in fungal growth after 12 to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID1070218Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus 20030 in ICR mouse invasive pulmonary aspergillosis model assessed as survival rate at 1.5 mg/kg, iv qd administered for 10 days measured on day 11 relative to control2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antifungal activity of ASP9726, a novel echinocandin with potent Aspergillus hyphal growth inhibition.
AID554680Antifungal activity against crzA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as increase in calcofluor white staining og conidia at 1 ug/ml after 16 hrss by fluorescence microscopy2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID432258Effect on Aspergillus terreus metabolic activity assessed number of twofold drug dilutions required for germinated fungal metabolic activity to nongerminated fungal metabolic activity2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID386108Induction of gnaA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID1477774Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani 52628 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID546438Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 transfected with Scedosporium prolificans FSK1 gene sequence after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID559667Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99% fungal growth reduction at 0.12 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID434645Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID432120Fungistatic activity against Candida tropicalis clinical isolates at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID572392Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 6 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID574253Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 biofilms by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID554513Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus Af293 assessed as increase in chitin cell wall content at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID582573Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 42031 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p D666E mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID374489Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate 0014-074 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID519549Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumisynnematus isolate CNM-CM-2280 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID565362Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10033 after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID572388Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 25 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID530985Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 at 16.5 uM after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID587368Induction of change in molecular chaperone and allergen Mod-E/Hsp90/Hsp1 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to c2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323336Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCSBB417709 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID681154TP_TRANSPORTER: cell accumulation in KB-3-1 and KB-V1 cells2001The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 296, Issue:3
In vitro substrate identification studies for p-glycoprotein-mediated transport: species difference and predictability of in vivo results.
AID370340Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A38 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID519682Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in YOR345C gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID532043Antifungal activity against Lichtheimia corymbifera clinical isolate after 24 hrs by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antifungal susceptibility profile of human-pathogenic species of Lichtheimia.
AID519431Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-4387 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID530970Antifungal activity against Fluconazole resistant Candida albicans clinical isolate 1 after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID434772Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 14 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID521793Fungistatic activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 assessed as 99.9% reduction of int initial fungal load at 0.5 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID405106Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus microsporus var. microsporus assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID323333Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCS65875C after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID497805Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 03 by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID516184Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 37661 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID425790Antifungal activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 grown as biofilm assessed as 50% reduction in metabolic activity of biofilm at 0.03 mg/liter after 24 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID522778Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID532347Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583928Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit protein S12 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532128Antifungal activity against Candida krusei2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID324316Ratio of MIC for Candida parapsilosis to MIC for Candida parapsilosis in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID416220Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 infected in excised human skin assessed as inhibition of invasive colonized hyphal growth at dermis at ED50 after 4 days by Uvitex-2B staining-based fluorescence2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID532158Antifungal activity against Curvularia lunata2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID416215Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as increase in metabolically inactive hyphal count at 2.5 ug/ml after 3 days by FUN1 staining-based fluorescence microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID283205Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata 21231 isolate by E-test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Reduced susceptibility to polyenes associated with a missense mutation in the ERG6 gene in a clinical isolate of Candida glabrata with pseudohyphal growth.
AID559315Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 64 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID532324Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID583944Induction of change in mycelial catalase Cat1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID582489Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 5847 expressing Fks1p S629P mutant and wild type Fks2p by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID432251Ratio of log2 of MEC for germinated Aspergillus flavus to log2 of MEC for nongerminated Aspergillus flavus2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID522709Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as induction of fungal killing rate at 0.03 to 32 mg/L measured at 6 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID1692946Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mouse survival at 0.03 mg/kg, ip bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days relative to control2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID434767Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID572627Antifungal activity against Candida krusei isolate 1 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID546440Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 fks1-F639F wild type after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID374506Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 0050-028 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID525399Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID374500Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID422990Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata MY1381 after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID583497Induction of change in hexokinase Kxk, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370173Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A9 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID559865Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 90% fungal growth reduction at 0.5 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID587290Induction of change in CipC-like antibiotic response protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572400Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 7 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID577652Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 3.2 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID373020Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 06-067-1639 assessed as inhibition of malate and fumarate production at 2 to 4 ug/ml2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID583041Induction of change in IgE-binding protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434653Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis ATCC 750 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID574252Antifungal activity against 24 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 biofilms by XTT reduction assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID434638Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 14 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522693Fungicidal activity against Candida metapsilosis isolate CP-132 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID434651Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 1 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID749843Antifungal activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans CLY-16996 harboring 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase component FKS1/FKS1 S645F mutant assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID563616Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-3810 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID1477798Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum MYA3461 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID581214AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID434916Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID497819Antifungal activity against Fusarium sp. clinical isolates after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
In vitro activity of thimerosal against ocular pathogenic fungi.
AID681355TP_TRANSPORTER: transepithelial transport (basal to apical) in MDR1-expressing LLC-PK1 cells2001The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, Mar, Volume: 296, Issue:3
In vitro substrate identification studies for p-glycoprotein-mediated transport: species difference and predictability of in vivo results.
AID563421Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-3236 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID531151Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata T51916 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID563628Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-4262 obtained from Ophthalmic assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID434752Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID581221Terminal half life in adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID545173Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate S obtained from blood culture of patient 4 days after admission by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID680555TP_TRANSPORTER: uptake in OATP1B1-expressing Tet-on HeLa cells2005Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, May, Volume: 33, Issue:5
Hepatic uptake of the novel antifungal agent caspofungin.
AID434796Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 5 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID525411Fungistatic activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 assessed as 99.9% reduction of int initial fungal load at 8 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID324345Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans SC5314 in presence of 20% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID531137Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis H4 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID325033Inhibition of FKS1 T2080K mutant from Candida krusei 100 isolate2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Acquired echinocandin resistance in a Candida krusei isolate due to modification of glucan synthase.
AID386128Upregulation of agtA gene expression in Aspergillus niger relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID374667Peak plasma concentration in child with invasive aspergillosis administered at 30 mg/day schedule for 5 days followed by 48 hrs temporary treatment interruption measured on first day of resumption of therapy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Maintenance of therapeutic concentrations of caspofungin after temporary treatment interruption (48 hours) in a child with invasive aspergillosis.
AID583278Induction of change in NAP family protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583619Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 130732010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Liposomal amphotericin B and echinocandins as monotherapy or sequential or concomitant therapy in murine disseminated and pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infections.
AID535420Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 32746 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID323323Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis Leic875 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID582584Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 31498 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase wild type Fks1p/Fks2p F659 deletion mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID563623Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-3551 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID407052Antimicrobial activity against Chk1 deficient Candida albicans CHK21 intact biofilms after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID581227AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID374345Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 0049-038 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID529565Ratio of AUC (0 to infinity) in F344 rat kidney to AUC (0 to infinity) in F344 rat plasma at 5 mg/kg, iv administered as single bolus dose2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of anidulafungin in rats.
AID581219Cmax in plasma of adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID574061Antifungal activity against 10'5 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID532159Antifungal activity against Bipolaris australiensis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID532337Antifungal activity against Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID581235Terminal half life in 2-11 years old children at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID581213Clearance in adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID581408Cmin in plasma of in 17 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID407049Antimicrobial activity against Chk1 deficient Candida albicans CHK21 at planktonic cell density of 10'8 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID340895Decrease in 1,3-beta-D-glucan level in Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as relative fluorescence units at 1 ug/ml by aniline blue fluorescence assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Calcineurin inhibition or mutation enhances cell wall inhibitors against Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID368268Effect on morphology in Candida metapsilosis grown as biofilm assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID425799Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis PA/71 grown as biofilm >2 mg/liter after 24 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID584155Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583960Induction of change in ribosomal protein S23 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID324339Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans ATCC 360822007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID370349Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A2 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID525331Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 20 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID432112Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID518082Ratio of fAUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida parapsilosis infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse to MIC for Candida parapsilosis at 1 log kill dose after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID519427Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-3583 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID1692968Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mean survival time at 0.5 mg/kg, ip bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID583074Induction of change in Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF-5A protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relativ2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525316Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 4 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID374493Ratio of MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis isolate 0011-013 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis isolate 0011-013 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID532155Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID370352Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A8 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID583922Induction of change in ribosomal protein L35, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370318Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A2 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID647831Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans after 72 hrs by serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Total synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new echinocandin-like antifungal cyclolipohexapeptides.
AID1692914Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in DBA/2 mouse model of disseminated candidiasis assessed as reduction in fungal burden in kidney by measuring log change in colony forming units at 0.5 mg/kg, po bid for 7 days by TOKA2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID565370Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10031 by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID587287Induction of change in Ran-specific GTPase-activating protein 1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370187Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A34 grown as planktonic cell assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID522701Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as fungal count at 4 mg/L measured at 6 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID432246Antifungal activity against nongerminated Aspergillus terreus assessed as lowest drug concentration that produced short, stubby and highly branched hyphae after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID577667Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 2 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID740974Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata MY1381 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 24 hrs2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID587143Induction of change in major allergen and cytotoxin AspF1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID525324Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 13 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID370141Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A8 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID530973Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 90906 at 16.5 uM after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID519437Hepatotoxicity in neutropenic rat assessed as ALAT level in serum at 10 mg/kg/day, ip administered 72 hrs post infection for 10 days measured on day 6 after infection (Rvb=43.9+/-7.9 U/l)2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Caspofungin prolongs survival of transiently neutropenic rats with advanced-stage invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
AID583070Induction of change in glycine-rich RNA-binding protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to 2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID285856Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.25 ug/ml by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID323339Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID625284Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic failure2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID516196Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20557.012 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID583492Induction of change in ribosomal protein L26 protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323322Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis KR after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID422994Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5568 after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID1079936Choleostatic liver toxicity, either proven histopathologically or where the ratio of maximal ALT or AST activity above normal to that of Alkaline Phosphatase is < 2 (see ACUTE). Value is number of references indexed. [column 'CHOLE' in source]
AID522738Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583963Induction of change in ribosomal protein L14 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID324349Ratio of MIC for Aspergillus flavus to MIC for Aspergillus niger in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID323315Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis IK after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID583050Induction of change in ATP citrate lyase subunit (Acl), putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to con2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID519429Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-4330 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID530950Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID370348Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A1 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID532129Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID572394Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 9 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID522768Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID583927Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein l21 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID522764Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID497808Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 01 in presence of fluconazole by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID587279Induction of change in citrate synthase Cit1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID581261Terminal half life in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID582582Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 3169 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase Fks1p D632E mutant/wild type Fks2p2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID535415Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 5415 expressing FKS1 F645P/H mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID584173Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit protein S12 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative t2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID283094Metabolic activity of Aspergillus terreus at 0.5 ug/ml after 2 hrs by XTT assay relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID519444Antimicrobial activity against Neosartorya pseudofischeri isolate CNM-CM-3769 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID583747Induction of change in ribosomal protein L27a gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572401Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 10 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID584152Induction of change in mycelial catalase Cat1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID405105Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus microsporus var. rhizopodiformis assessed as percent of susceptible isolates after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID416234Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 infected in excised human skin assessed as inhibition of invasive colonized hyphal growth at hypodermis at ED90 after 4 days by Uvitex-2B staining-based fluorescenc2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID434657Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 12 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID587399Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L35Ae protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID518981Increase in slt2 gene expression in Candida glabrata 200989 at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml after 180 mins by RT-PCR analysis relative to control2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID545182Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from hemodialysis catheter tip 35 days after admission by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID374490Ratio of MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis isolate 0014-074 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis isolate 0014-074 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID587164Induction of change in extracellular cell wall glucanase Crf1/allergen Asp F9 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relativ2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572621Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 22 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID587381Induction of change in nucleoside diphosphate kinase protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID407030Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans GDH2346 dissociated biofilms at cell density of 10'3 cells/ml after 24 hrs by XTT assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
Role for cell density in antifungal drug resistance in Candida albicans biofilms.
AID583079Induction of change in 37S ribosomal protein S24 protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID373013Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate 05-112-3701 assessed as lowest drug concentration resulting in aberrant hyphal growth after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID1729746Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 34135 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID1692970Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 infected in DBA/2N mouse assessed as mean survival time at 0.03 mg/kg, ip bid administered for 7 days starting from 15 to 30 mins post infection and measured up to 21 days2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID530573Ratio of FKS1 expression in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT to BTU expression in Aspergillus fumigatus 293 at 0.25 ug/ml by RT-PCR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID516182Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 5376 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID324332Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073 in presence of 10% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID432244Antifungal activity against germinated Aspergillus fumigatus assessed as lowest drug concentration that produced short, stubby and highly branched hyphae after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID546437Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 containing Aspergillus fumigatus fks1617-649 hybrid after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID583287Induction of change in hypothetical protein level in iTRAQ121 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532350Antifungal activity against Curvularia lunata by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID565358Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10031 after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID323366Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-62 isolate after 2 hrs in presence of 5% mouse serum by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID531147Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 90028 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID572409Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 24 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID584139Induction of change in alkaline serine protease protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID425166Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4293 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID584176Induction of change in alkaline serine protease protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID572633Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 2 harboring 1,3-beta-glucan synthase HS1 point mutant grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID584145Induction of change in cell wall glucanase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434891Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 15 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID1477799Antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum 64530 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID582589Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 42031 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase wild type Fks1p/Fks2p D666E mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID324329Inhibition of glucan synthase in Aspergillus fumigatus MF5668 in presence of 20% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID372869Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% malate production after 72 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID509641Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans T26 by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID575782Drug level in human aqueous humor sample measured on basis of intraday target compound concentration of 300 ng/ml by LC/MS method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry assay for caspofungin in human aqueous humor.
AID583284Induction of change in 14-alpha sterol demethylase Cyp51A protein level in iTRAQ121 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID285855Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates at 0.12 ug/ml by CLSI method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID370157Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A35 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID583049Induction of change in ATP citrate lyase, subunit 1, putative protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to contro2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323301Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 81/060 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID323319Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis J931021 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID374509Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus isolate 0031-087 after 48 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID583947Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L1 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374664Trough plasma concentration in child with invasive aspergillosis at 30 mg/day for 5 days measured on last day of therapy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Maintenance of therapeutic concentrations of caspofungin after temporary treatment interruption (48 hours) in a child with invasive aspergillosis.
AID522740Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID432117Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis clinical isolate in RPMI 1640 assessed as paradoxical growth-related change in CFU treated for 48 hrs by time-kill assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID522771Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 90% reduction in fungal growth at 32 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID372863Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus nidulans isolate 05-326-1785 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to inhibit 50% fumarate production after 72 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID529544Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 06-3168 obtained from patient on compound therapy by M27-A2 method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Reduced Candida glabrata susceptibility secondary to an FKS1 mutation developed during candidemia treatment.
AID563618Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-4005 assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID583943Induction of change in Mn superoxide dismutase MnSOD protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID434741Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 11 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID370168Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A1 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID704470Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae MY 1396 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID519685Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in CYS3 gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID519676Antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing disruption in IFA38 gene by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID369157Antifungal activity against Absidia strain 18 zygomycota by conventional morphological method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Synergistic effect of posaconazole and caspofungin against clinical zygomycetes.
AID559312Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 8 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID545317Antimicrobial activity against Candida lusitaniae after 48 hrs by 50% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID432245Ratio of log2 of MEC for germinated Aspergillus fumigatus to log2 of MEC for nongerminated Aspergillus fumigatus2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID532139Antifungal activity against Aspergillus terreus2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID525295Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 8 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID545296Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID544148Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 90 harboring FKS1 G4082R mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot2 R1361R/H mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID432257Effect on germinated Aspergillus terreus metabolic activity assessed as drug concentration at which fungal metabolic activity occurs after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID559656Fungicidal activity against Candida krusei CK18 bloodstream forms after 24 hrs by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID1079940Granulomatous liver disease, proven histopathologically. Value is number of references indexed. [column 'GRAN' in source]
AID434643Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 9 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID583299Induction of change in isocitrate dehydrogenase Idp1, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to cont2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID373019Inhibition of metabolite production in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 06-067-1639 assessed as inhibition of glycine betaine production at => 1 ug/ml2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID572379Antifungal activity against Candida albicans grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID525407Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4370 after 24 hrs by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID587394Induction of change in 40S ribosomal protein S3Ae protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID386127Upregulation of Rho2-GTPase gene expression in Aspergillus niger relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID516198Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20519.069 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID518784Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 4780 expressing fks1 F641S mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID422992Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae MY1396 after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID531186Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes ATCC 9533 at 16.5 uM after 5 days by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID582572Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 41400 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p D666G mutant by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID583743Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L1 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID544140Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 149 harboring FKS1 G1942T mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 D648Y mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID434639Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID530566Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT assessed as amount of mannose in the alkali-insoluble fraction at 0.04 ug/ml2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID559311Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate CA4 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 4 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID416052Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as deffects in cell wall rigidity at 2.5 ug/ml after 3 days by differential interference contrast microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID508314Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate V59-73 harboring G54W mutation in Cyp51A protein by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 54, Issue:2
Efficacy of posaconazole against three clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with mutations in the cyp51A gene.
AID1474167Liver toxicity in human assessed as induction of drug-induced liver injury by measuring verified drug-induced liver injury concern status2016Drug discovery today, Apr, Volume: 21, Issue:4
DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans.
AID372868Increase in metabolite production in Aspergillus flavus isolate 05-314-1100 assessed as lowest drug concentration required to increase >50% fumarate production after 48 hrs in presence of 2 % glucose by NMR spectroscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effect of caspofungin on metabolite profiles of Aspergillus species determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
AID581420Terminal half life in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID587484Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein P0 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID535622Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 205 harboring Fks1p FLTLPLRDP mutant protein2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Caspofungin-resistant Candida tropicalis strains causing breakthrough fungemia in patients at high risk for hematologic malignancies.
AID422989Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 in presence of 50% mouse serum after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID370355Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A18 grown as biofilm assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID583077Induction of change in thioredoxin protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID582586Inhibition of Candida glabrata isolate 41026 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase wild type Fks1p/Fks2p F659S mutant2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID625285Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps) training set; hepatic side effect (HepSE) score for hepatic necrosis2011PLoS computational biology, Dec, Volume: 7, Issue:12
Translating clinical findings into knowledge in drug safety evaluation--drug induced liver injury prediction system (DILIps).
AID422996Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes MF7004 after 20 hrs2009Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 72, Issue:1
Isolation, structure elucidation, and biological activity of virgineone from Lachnum Wirgineum using the genome-wide Candida albicans fitness test.
AID572607Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 8 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID587272Induction of change in mitochondrial hypoxia responsive domain protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID563423Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-3506 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID587167Induction of change in 14-alpha sterol demethylase Cyp51A protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID544147Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 194 harboring FKS1 C1934T/G4082R mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645F mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot2 R1361R/H mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID583954Induction of change in 60s ribosomal protein yl6 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545179Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from tracheal suction of patient 24 days after admission by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID563430Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-4004 obtained from assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID545203Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 5 ug/ml grown on Muller-Hinton agar medium after 48 hrs by disk diffusion method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID368258Effect on morphology in Candida orthopsilosis grown as planktonic cells assessed as inhibition of hyphae and pseudohyphae at 64 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID323316Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis IK after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID560001Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP1 biofilm assessed as viable fungal count per cm2 of silicone disk at 64 ug/ml after 48 hrs by XTT assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID581259Cmin in plasma of in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID323362Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata 05-761 isolate assessed as decrease in fungal turbidity in presence of 5% mouse serum by microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
In vivo efficacy of anidulafungin and caspofungin against Candida glabrata and association with in vitro potency in the presence of sera.
AID535410Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 41509 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID532157Antifungal activity against Sporothrix schenckii2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID535419Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 2762 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID386111Induction of gfaA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID405093Antimicrobial activity against Rhizopus arrhizus after 24 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 51, Issue:7
In vitro susceptibilities of 217 clinical isolates of zygomycetes to conventional and new antifungal agents.
AID519674Antimicrobial activity against wild type Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Genomewide screening for genes associated with gliotoxin resistance and sensitivity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID516187Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis 20477.078 after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID581236AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID587392Induction of change in 60S ribosomal protein L11 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374337Ratio of MIC50 for Candida albicans isolate 0012-025 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida albicans isolate 0012-025 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID522724Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 50% reduction in fungal growth at 4 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID522783Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis clinical isolate by broth dilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID587172Induction of change in glycine-rich RNA-binding protein, putative protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID582863Induction of change in PT repeat family protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545155Antimicrobial activity against Candida guilliermondii after 48 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID544145Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 121 harboring FKS1 G4082A mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot2 R1361H mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID572402Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 14 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on AM3 media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID583751Induction of change in cytosolic small ribosomal subunit S4, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370343Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A41 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID587400Induction of change in Cytosolic large ribosomal subunit protein L7A protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative t2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532144Antifungal activity against Absidia species2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID432294Decrease in nongerminated Aspergillus terreus metabolism assessed as metabolic activity at 128 ug/mL after 48 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID546074Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID432123Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium at 0.4 to 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID546443Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata containing FSK2 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 53, Issue:5
Role for Fks1 in the intrinsic echinocandin resistance of Fusarium solani as evidenced by hybrid expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
AID425384Antifungal activity against 2.44 x 10'8 CFU Candida glabrata isolate 4293 infected in CD1 mouse assessed as reduction in viral count per kidney pair at 1 mg/kg/day, ip administered from day 1 to day 2 followed by PEG-200 infusion from day 3 to day 6 post 2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 52, Issue:2
Posaconazole activity against Candida glabrata after exposure to caspofungin or amphotericin B.
AID434634Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in antibiotic medium 3 assessed as paradoxical growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID518086Antifungal activity against Candida albicans infected in ICR Swiss mouse assessed as log reduction in bacterial count after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID522719Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as minimum concentration required for => 3-log decrease in fungal growth after 12 to 48 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID540210Clearance in human after iv administration2008Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, Jul, Volume: 36, Issue:7
Trend analysis of a database of intravenous pharmacokinetic parameters in humans for 670 drug compounds.
AID518783Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 4748 expressing fks1 F641S mutant after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID581427Cmin in plasma of in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID545316Antimicrobial activity against Candida kefyr after 48 hrs by 50% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID583752Induction of change in ribosomal protein S9 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID432259Effect on nongerminated Aspergillus flavus metabolic activity assessed as drug concentration at which fungal metabolic activity occurs after 2 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID1070216Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus 20024 in human serum assessed as formation of large microcolonies with elongated hypha in all direction at 4 fold MEC after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2014Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 24, Issue:4
Synthesis and antifungal activity of ASP9726, a novel echinocandin with potent Aspergillus hyphal growth inhibition.
AID1726244Antifungal activity against Candida pseudohaemulonis CBS 10004 by broth microdilution method
AID370347Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis 22019 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID575781Drug level in human aqueous humor sample measured on basis of intraday target compound concentration of 30 ng/ml by LC/MS method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry assay for caspofungin in human aqueous humor.
AID434763Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545161Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate R at 1 ug/ml after 48 hrs by agar dilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID1494173Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID374527Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus isolate 0001-033 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID425800Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis PA/71 grown as biofilm assessed as 50% reduction in metabolic activity of biofilm after 24 hrs by XTT assay2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Differential activities of newer antifungal agents against Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis biofilms.
AID563436Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-5095 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID370160Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A38 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1494178Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC MYA-1237 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 02-01, Volume: 26, Issue:3
Novel fluconazole derivatives with promising antifungal activity.
AID554677Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SC5314 assessed as increase in chitin cell wall content at 0.125 ug/ml2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID587278Induction of change in PT repeat family protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID545177Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans obtained from urine of patient 21 days after admission by EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID434782Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 4 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID518088Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis infected in ICR Swiss mouse assessed log reduction in bacterial count after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID545314Antimicrobial activity against Candida krusei after 48 hrs by 50% endpoint M27-A2 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID577670Potentiation of compound pretreated human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of Candida albicans at 3.2 ug/ml after 60 mins (Rvb =47%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID583634Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073 infected in immunosuppressed Swiss Webster mouse assessed as increase in survival rate at 5 mg/kg, iv for 6 days treated 24 hrs postinfection measured after 28 days2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Liposomal amphotericin B and echinocandins as monotherapy or sequential or concomitant therapy in murine disseminated and pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infections.
AID587291Induction of change in phosphoglycerate kinase PgkA, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370146Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A24 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID386132Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger RD6.47 at 25.6 ug/mL by microtiter plate2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID432411Antifungal activity against nongerminated Aspergillus terreus assessed as absence of visual fungal growth at 128 ug/mL2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID323318Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis J930936 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID432115Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis clinical isolate in RPMI 1640 medium treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID563434Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-4316 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID434777Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 9 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID434780Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID1729790Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 assessed as reduction in fungal growth incubated for 48 hrs in presence of ergosterol by broth microdilution method2021European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-15, Volume: 210Design, synthesis, and biodistribution studies of new analogues of marine alkaloids: Potent in vitro and in vivo fungicidal agents against Candida spp.
AID374341Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 0022-012 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID374507Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 0050-028 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID559666Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 90% fungal growth reduction at 0.12 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID283107Metabolic activity of Aspergillus flavus determined as X-MEC relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID535422Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 41301 expressing FKS1 F641S mutant after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 52, Issue:11
Pyrosequencing to detect mutations in FKS1 that confer reduced echinocandin susceptibility in Candida albicans.
AID532146Antifungal activity against Rhizopus oryzae2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID532141Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID581413AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID283106Metabolic activity of Aspergillus terreus determined as X-MEC relative to control2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 51, Issue:3
Concentration-dependent effects of caspofungin on the metabolic activity of Aspergillus species.
AID518982Increase in slt2 gene expression in Candida glabrata 200989 at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml after 12 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID323326Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis Leic952 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID525304Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 19 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID587494Antifungal activity against drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB assessed as change in hyphal morphology by RPMI medium2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583486Induction of change in cobalamin-independent methionine synthase MetH/D protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relativ2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587378Induction of change in transaldolase protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID587489Induction of change in Ribosomal protein S13p/S18e protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374519Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0020-018 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID434883Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 7 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID323287Antifungal activity against Candida albicans NR3 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID324347Ratio of MIC for Aspergillus fumigatus to MIC for Aspergillus fumigatus in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID525320Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 8 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID736600Antifungal activity against anidulafungin-resistant Candida parapsilosis ANF8 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 to 48 hrs by CLSI microbroth dilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Synthesis and anti-Candida activity of novel 2-hydrazino-1,3-thiazole derivatives.
AID497810Antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida glabrata isolate 03 in presence of fluconazole by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1
Assessment of the in vitro kinetic activity of caspofungin against Candida glabrata.
AID583937Induction of change in cell wall glucanase, putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID581249Cmin in plasma of in 12 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID522881Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID582564Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 5847 expressing Fks1p S629P mutant and wild type Fks2p by CLSI method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID581419Terminal half life in 20 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID1692916Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in DBA/2 mouse model of disseminated candidiasis assessed as reduction in fungal burden in kidney by measuring log change in colony forming units at 0.03 mg/kg, po bid for 7 days by TOKA2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID525325Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 14 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID531145Antifungal activity against FKS1 deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4742 by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
A naturally occurring proline-to-alanine amino acid change in Fks1p in Candida parapsilosis, Candida orthopsilosis, and Candida metapsilosis accounts for reduced echinocandin susceptibility.
AID522696Fungicidal activity against Candida parapsilosis isolate CP-300 bloodstream form by CLSI method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID575204Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella bertholletiae UTHSC 06-1945 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 54, Issue:11
In vitro and in vivo antifungal susceptibilities of the Mucoralean fungus Cunninghamella.
AID545321Antimicrobial activity against Candida glabrata after 24 hrs by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID432249Antifungal activity against nongerminated Aspergillus flavus assessed as lowest drug concentration that produced short, stubby and highly branched hyphae after 48 hrs by microscopic analysis2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 52, Issue:1
Comparative in vitro pharmacodynamics of caspofungin, micafungin, and anidulafungin against germinated and nongerminated Aspergillus conidia.
AID565373Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10034 by hemocytometry2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID370310Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A39 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID583715Induction of change in neutral amino acid permease gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID647830Antifungal activity against Candida krusei after 24 hrs by serial dilution method2012European journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 50Total synthesis and structure-activity relationships of new echinocandin-like antifungal cyclolipohexapeptides.
AID370315Antimicrobial activity against Candida metapsilosis BR-A44 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID434914Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 6 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID565379Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10034 assessed as compound concentration at which paradoxical growth of observed after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID519116Increase in CHS3 gene expression in Candida glabrata 200989 at 0.125 to 16 ug/ml after 180 mins by RT-PCR analysis relative to control2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 52, Issue:3
Increases in SLT2 expression and chitin content are associated with incomplete killing of Candida glabrata by caspofungin.
AID370139Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A4 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID1477777Antifungal activity against Fusarium solani 46492 after 48 hrs by two fold serial dilution method2017Journal of medicinal chemistry, 12-28, Volume: 60, Issue:24
Semisynthesis and Biological Evaluation of Xanthone Amphiphilics as Selective, Highly Potent Antifungal Agents to Combat Fungal Resistance.
AID434784Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 2 in antibiotic medium 3 after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID545286Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by NCCLS microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID509642Antimicrobial activity against caspofungin-resistant Candida albicans NR2 expressing heterozygous fsk1 mutant gene by CLSI M27-A3 broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Comparison of anidulafungin MICs determined by the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution method (M27-A3 document) and Etest for Candida species isolates.
AID559297Ratio of SMIC for Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 biofilm to MIC for Candida tropicalis isolate CT8 planktonic cells2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Biofilm formation and effect of caspofungin on biofilm structure of Candida species bloodstream isolates.
AID581255AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 10 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID323328Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCS17154969-1 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID529667Antimicrobial activity against Paecilomyces variotii by microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 52, Issue:8
Susceptibility testing and molecular classification of Paecilomyces spp.
AID565366Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10035 after 24 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID370155Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A33 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID374476Antifungal activity against Candida krusei isolate 0001-058 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID572610Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 13 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID583939Induction of change in plasma membrane H -ATPase gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID582557Antifungal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 42031 expressing wild type Fks1p and Fks2p D666E mutant by CLSI method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 53, Issue:9
Effect of Candida glabrata FKS1 and FKS2 mutations on echinocandin sensitivity and kinetics of 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase: implication for the existing susceptibility breakpoint.
AID434644Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID525327Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 16 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID519434Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus lentulus isolate CNM-CM-4426 obtained from sputum of patient after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID374484Antifungal activity against Candida lusitaniae isolate 0013-002 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID581223AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID323334Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCS65875C after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID740967Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes MF7004 assessed as inhibition of fungal growth after 96 hrs2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID563431Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-4213 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID583300Induction of change in ThiJ/PfpI family protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID416213Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-adapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as cell death at 0.25 ug/ml after 3 days by FUN1 staining-based fluorescence microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID587281Induction of change in eukaryotic translation initiation factor subunit eIF-4F, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analys2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID532042Antifungal activity against Lichtheimia ramosa clinical isolate after 48 hrs by EUCAST method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 54, Issue:7
Antifungal susceptibility profile of human-pathogenic species of Lichtheimia.
AID525323Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 12 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID563422Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger isolate CM-3257 obtained from respiratory tract infection of patient assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID323335Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis SCSBB417709 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID1692935Antifungal activity against Candida albicans MY1055 infected in DBA/2 mouse model of disseminated candidiasis assessed as reduction in fungal burden in kidney by measuring log change in colony forming units at 0.125 mg/kg, ip bid for 7 days by TOKA2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-15, Volume: 32Ibrexafungerp: An orally active β-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor.
AID584156Induction of change in large subunit ribosomal protein L3 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID510309Antimicrobial activity against flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistant Candida glabrata bloodstream isolate 3 harboring Fur1 G109D mutation serially obtained from hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient by Etest2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Acquisition of flucytosine, azole, and caspofungin resistance in Candida glabrata bloodstream isolates serially obtained from a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient.
AID518790Antifungal activity against Candida krusei after 24 to 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Low prevalence of fks1 hot spot 1 mutations in a worldwide collection of Candida strains.
AID522792Antifungal activity against Candida albicans 177 harboring FKS1 T1922C mutant gene2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Novel FKS mutations associated with echinocandin resistance in Candida species.
AID583510Induction of change in non-classical export protein (Nce2), putative gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID583506Induction of change in hypothetical gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID374524Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus isolate 0002-021 after 24 hrs by CLSI M38-A broth microdilution method in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID522753Antifungal activity against Candida metapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99% reduction in fungal growth at 1 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID544138Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 85 harboring FKS1 C1934T mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 S645F mutant gene by M27-A3 method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID563624Antifungal activity against Aspergillus tubingensis isolate CM-3654 obtained from blood culture assessed as inhibition of hyphal growth after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 53, Issue:10
Species identification and antifungal susceptibility patterns of species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri.
AID370319Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans BR-A4 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID522713Antifungal activity against Candida orthopsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as mild induction of fungal death at 0.03 to 32 mg/L after 6 hrs by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID522780Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis clinical isolate bloodstream form assessed as time required for 99.9% reduction in fungal growth at 16 mg/L by time-kill assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 54, Issue:5
In vitro fungicidal activities of echinocandins against Candida metapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. parapsilosis evaluated by time-kill studies.
AID370144Antimicrobial activity against Candida tropicalis BR-A18 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID530572Ratio of FKS1 expression in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT to PMA1 expression in Aspergillus fumigatus 293 at 0.25 ug/ml by RT-PCR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID576012Drug level in human aqueous humor sample measured on basis of interday target compound concentration of 300 ng/ml by LC/MS method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry assay for caspofungin in human aqueous humor.
AID532150Antifungal activity against Cunninghamella species2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID704463Antifungal activity against Candida guilliermondii CLY 308 after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2012ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-11, Volume: 3, Issue:10
Antifungal spectrum, in vivo efficacy, and structure-activity relationship of ilicicolin h.
AID576013Drug level in human aqueous humor sample measured on basis of interday target compound concentration of 4000 ng/ml by LC/MS method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 54, Issue:10
Rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry assay for caspofungin in human aqueous humor.
AID581218AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in adult human at 70 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID434766Antifungal activity against > 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 1 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as partial growth after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID370181Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A28 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID351875Ratio of IC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase EMFR-S678P mutant to IC50 for Aspergillus fumigatus wild-type 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase KU80delta2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
A Ser678Pro substitution in Fks1p confers resistance to echinocandin drugs in Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID370332Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A30 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID583525Induction of change in conserved hypothetical gene locus AFUA_5G03010 expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323266Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SCS68858 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID374488Ratio of MIC50 for Candida lusitaniae isolate 0015-049 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida lusitaniae isolate 0015-049 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID386122Induction of mkkA gene expression in Aspergillus niger by microarray analysis relative to control2007The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45
Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID374502Ratio of MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID583307Induction of change in translation elongation factor EF-Tu, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative t2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID516203AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in Candida albicans infected neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse at 80 mg/kg, ip2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID740956Induction of ATP release from cytoplasm of Candida albicans SC5314 at >MIC by Promega Bactiter Glo assay2013Journal of natural products, Mar-22, Volume: 76, Issue:3
Isolation, structure, and biological activity of Phaeofungin, a cyclic lipodepsipeptide from a Phaeosphaeria sp. Using the Genome-Wide Candida albicans Fitness Test.
AID324342Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans ATCC 36082 in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID581244Terminal half life in 12-17 years old adolescents at 50 mg/m'2, iv dosed once daily measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID583637Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073 infected Swiss Webster mouse pulmonary aspergillosis model assessed as organism survival at 5 mg/kg/day, iv for 5 days dosed 2 hrs post challenge2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Liposomal amphotericin B and echinocandins as monotherapy or sequential or concomitant therapy in murine disseminated and pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infections.
AID575111Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 46 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID575104Antifungal activity against Madurella mycetomatis isolate 31 by XTT assay2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
Madurella mycetomatis is not susceptible to the echinocandin class of antifungal agents.
AID583740Induction of change in mycelial catalase Cat1 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID1613840Antifungal activity against fluconazole/ITC-resistant Candida albicans ATCC 10231 measured after 48 hrs by CLSI M27-A3 protocol based method2019European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-15, Volume: 164N,N'-diaryl-bishydrazones in a biphenyl platform: Broad spectrum antifungal agents.
AID374663Plasma concentration in human at 5 to 100 mg, iv2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Maintenance of therapeutic concentrations of caspofungin after temporary treatment interruption (48 hours) in a child with invasive aspergillosis.
AID559874Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 99% fungal growth reduction at 2 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID374336Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 0012-025 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A2 broth microdilution method in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID372838Ratio of MIC50 for Aspergillus flavus isolate 0001-033 in presence of 50% human serum to MIC50 for Aspergillus flavus isolate 0001-033 in presence of RPMI 1640 medium2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Nov, Volume: 51, Issue:11
Effects of serum on in vitro susceptibility testing of echinocandins.
AID587157Induction of change in ThiJ/PfpI family protein level in iTRAQ-118 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus EMFR-S678P at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID370154Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A32 grown as planktonic cell after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID581422AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 22 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 1 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID577660Potentiation of human polymorphonuclear granulocytes-induced intracellular killing of compound pretreated Candida albicans for 1hr at 3.2 ug/ml after 30 mins (Rvb =46%)2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 54, Issue:9
Synergy of caspofungin with human polymorphonuclear granulocytes for killing Candida albicans.
AID519450Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 2004305 after 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 52, Issue:4
Aspergillus section Fumigati: antifungal susceptibility patterns and sequence-based identification.
AID565361Antifungal activity against Candida dubliniensis 10032 after 48 hrs2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 53, Issue:12
Paradoxical growth of Candida dubliniensis does not preclude in vivo response to echinocandin therapy.
AID543925Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 3107 by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID1472814Antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 64124 after 48 hrs by broth dilution method2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 01-11, Volume: 61, Issue:1
Alkylated Piperazines and Piperazine-Azole Hybrids as Antifungal Agents.
AID434793Antifungal activity against 2 x 10'7 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 8 in RPMI 1640 medium after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID546083Antifungal activity against Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 isolated from candidemia patient by AFST-EUCAST microdilution method2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
A 10-year survey of antifungal susceptibility of candidemia isolates from intensive care unit patients in Greece.
AID340901Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus expressing delta-cnaA mutant assessed as dead microbial cells at 1 ug/ml by trimethine oxonol staining2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Aug, Volume: 51, Issue:8
Calcineurin inhibition or mutation enhances cell wall inhibitors against Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID544141Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans 149 harboring FKS1 G1942T mutant gene and FKS1 hotspot1 D648Y mutant gene by M27-A3 method in presence of 50% human serum2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 53, Issue:1
Correlating echinocandin MIC and kinetic inhibition of fks1 mutant glucan synthases for Candida albicans: implications for interpretive breakpoints.
AID587137Induction of change in cell wall glucanase, putative protein level in iTRAQ-116 labelled cell wall fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 48 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID324350Ratio of MIC for Aspergillus flavus to MIC for Aspergillus terreus in presence of 50% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID574060Antifungal activity against 10'3 cells/ml wild-type Candida albicans BF-1 by NCCLS method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID749855Antifungal activity against capsular wild type Cryptococcus neoformans MY2061 assessed as growth inhibition after 24 hrs by NCCLS broth microdilution method2013Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jun-01, Volume: 23, Issue:11
Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of pentyloxyl-diphenylisoxazoloyl pneumocandins and echinocandins.
AID324337Inhibition of glucan synthase in Candida albicans ATCC 90028 in presence of 20% human serum2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 51, Issue:6
Serum differentially alters the antifungal properties of echinocandin drugs.
AID583956Induction of change in ribosomal protein S9 protein level in iTRAQ114 labelled secreted fraction of drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by MS (MS/MS) analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID581263AUC (0 to 24 hrs) in 13 years old infants/toddlers measured on day 4 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID370335Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A33 grown as biofilm after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID370366Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A33 grown as biofilm assessed as concentration producing paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID572603Antifungal activity against Candida albicans isolate 3 expressing wild type 1,3-beta-glucan synthase grown on RPMI media after 48 hrs by EUCAST microdilution method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Mutations in the fks1 gene in Candida albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei correlate with elevated caspofungin MICs uncovered in AM3 medium using the method of the European Committee on Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing.
AID583523Induction of change in ribosomal protein L37 gene expression in drug-susceptible Aspergillus fumigatus KU80 delta-akuB at 0.12 ug/ml after 24 hrs in YPD medium by microarray analysis relative to control2011Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 55, Issue:1
Profiling the Aspergillus fumigatus proteome in response to caspofungin.
AID323259Antifungal activity against Candida albicans SC5314 after 24 hrs by CLSI M27-A test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID532336Antifungal activity against Absidia species by EUCAST method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Activities of antifungal agents against yeasts and filamentous fungi: assessment according to the methodology of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing.
AID545167Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate C after 48 hrs by Etest2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 53, Issue:3
Breakthrough Aspergillus fumigatus and Candida albicans double infection during caspofungin treatment: laboratory characteristics and implication for susceptibility testing.
AID525302Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans isolate 17 after 48 hrs by Etest method2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Mar, Volume: 54, Issue:3
Trailing or paradoxical growth of Candida albicans when exposed to caspofungin is not associated with microsatellite genotypes.
AID559864Antifungal activity against Candida krusei ATCC 6258 bloodstream forms assessed as time to achieve 50% fungal growth reduction at 0.5 mg/L by time-kill analysis2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 53, Issue:7
In vitro activities of echinocandins against Candida krusei determined by three methods: MIC and minimal fungicidal concentration measurements and time-kill studies.
AID285875Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pichia anomala from nosocomial fungemia patient assessed as percent susceptible isolates by EUCAST method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 51, Issue:4
Antifungal drug susceptibility profile of Pichia anomala isolates from patients presenting with nosocomial fungemia.
AID370360Antimicrobial activity against Candida parapsilosis BR-A27 grown as biofilm assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID434903Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis isolate 13 in RPMI 1640 medium assessed as paradoxical growth at 12.5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID518084Fungistatic activity against Candida glabrata infected in neutropenic ICR Swiss mouse after 24 hrs2010Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 54, Issue:6
In vivo comparison of the pharmacodynamic targets for echinocandin drugs against Candida species.
AID416051Fungicidal activity against tebuconazole-nonadapted wild type Colletotrichum graminicola CgM2 assessed as cell death at 2.5 ug/ml after 3 days by FUN1 staining-based fluorescence microscopy2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10
Treatment of a clinically relevant plant-pathogenic fungus with an agricultural azole causes cross-resistance to medical azoles and potentiates caspofungin efficacy.
AID323276Antifungal activity against Candida albicans JIMS132203 after 24 hrs by EUCAST test2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, May, Volume: 51, Issue:5
Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis respond differently to echinocandin antifungal agents in vitro.
AID554505Antifungal activity against rasA deficient Aspergillus fumigatus H237 assessed as decrease in 1, 3-beta-D-glucan cell wall content at 1 ug/ml by aniline blue assay2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Feb, Volume: 53, Issue:2
Differential effects of inhibiting chitin and 1,3-{beta}-D-glucan synthesis in ras and calcineurin mutants of Aspergillus fumigatus.
AID434635Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis clinical isolates in RPMI 1640 medium at 6.25 ug/ml after 48 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID525408Fungicidal activity against Candida glabrata isolate 4198 assessed as 99.9% reduction of initial fungal load at 8 times MIC after 48 hrs using colony count method by time-kill method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jun, Volume: 52, Issue:6
Posaconazole against Candida glabrata isolates with various susceptibilities to fluconazole.
AID581215Cmax in plasma of adult human at 50 mg, iv dosed once daily measured on day 3 to 14 post dose2009Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Apr, Volume: 53, Issue:4
Pharmacokinetics and safety of caspofungin in older infants and toddlers.
AID368261Effect on morphology in Candida albicans grown as planktonic cells assessed as rounding and clumping at 16 ug/ml after 48 hrs2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID434642Antifungal activity against 10'5 CFU/ml Candida tropicalis isolate 10 in RPMI 1640 medium at 12.5 ug/ml treated for 24 hrs followed by incubation in drug free medium for 48 hrs by broth microdilution method2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Dec, Volume: 51, Issue:12
In vitro study of Candida tropicalis isolates exhibiting paradoxical growth in the presence of high concentrations of caspofungin.
AID530571Ratio of FKS1 expression in Aspergillus fumigatus isolate AT to BTU expression in Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 13073 at 0.25 ug/ml by RT-PCR2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 52, Issue:10
Establishing in vitro-in vivo correlations for Aspergillus fumigatus: the challenge of azoles versus echinocandins.
AID530967Antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 204305 at 16.5 uM after 48 hrs by CLSI method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jul, Volume: 52, Issue:7
Potent in vitro antifungal activities of naturally occurring acetylenic acids.
AID370188Antimicrobial activity against Candida orthopsilosis BR-A35 grown as planktonic cell assessed as paradoxical growth after 48 hrs by XTT reduction assay2007Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 51, Issue:9
Paradoxical growth effect of caspofungin observed on biofilms and planktonic cells of five different Candida species.
AID574265Antifungal activity against 48 hrs cultures of 10'7 cells/ml Candida albicans ATCC 90028 biofilms by XTT reduction method2008Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Sep, Volume: 52, Issue:9
Cell density and cell aging as factors modulating antifungal resistance of Candida albicans biofilms.
AID1717589Inhibition of Beta-1,3-glucan synthase in Schizosaccharomyces pombe pbr1-82020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-12, Volume: 63, Issue:21
Recent Progress in the Discovery of Antifungal Agents Targeting the Cell Wall.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (116)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's73 (62.93)29.6817
2010's37 (31.90)24.3611
2020's6 (5.17)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 59.21

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index59.21 (24.57)
Research Supply Index4.78 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.37 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index97.37 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (59.21)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1 (0.85%)5.53%
Reviews3 (2.56%)6.00%
Case Studies7 (5.98%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other106 (90.60%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
quinacrine
Quinacrine: An acridine derivative formerly widely used as an antimalarial but superseded by chloroquine in recent years. It has also been used as an anthelmintic and in the treatment of giardiasis and malignant effusions. It is used in cell biological experiments as an inhibitor of phospholipase A2.. quinacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is acridine substituted by a chloro group at position 6, a methoxy group at position 2 and a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]nitrilo group at position 9.		2.0410acridines;
aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		antimalarial;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.		3.2310amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative		fundamental metabolite
bupropion
Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE.. bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
aminocaproic acid
Aminocaproic Acid: An antifibrinolytic agent that acts by inhibiting plasminogen activators which have fibrinolytic properties.. 6-aminohexanoic acid : An epsilon-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino substituent at position C-6. Used to control postoperative bleeding, and to treat overdose effects of the thrombolytic agents streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator.		3.5820amino acid zwitterion;
epsilon-amino acid;
omega-amino fatty acid		antifibrinolytic drug;
hematologic agent;
metabolite
niacin
Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group.		3.2310pyridine alkaloid;
pyridinemonocarboxylic acid;
vitamin B3		antidote;
antilipemic drug;
EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent
pyrazinamide
pyrazinecarboxamide : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of pyrazinoic acid (pyrazine-2-carboxylic acid) with ammonia. A prodrug for pyrazinoic acid, pyrazinecarboxamide is used as part of multidrug regimens for the treatment of tuberculosis.		3.2310monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylammonia;
pyrazines		antitubercular agent;
prodrug
pyridoxine
4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol: structure in first source. vitamin B6 : Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms).		3.2310hydroxymethylpyridine;
methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
vitamin B6		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thiamine
thiamine(1+) : A primary alcohol that is 1,3-thiazol-3-ium substituted by (4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl, methyl and 2-hydroxyethyl groups at positions 3, 4 and 5, respectively.		3.2310primary alcohol;
vitamin B1		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
b 844-39
[no description available]		3.5110diarylmethane
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine
1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine: supposed metabolite of TRAZODONE; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 1-(3-chlorophenyl)piperazine : A N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine carrying a 3-chlorophenyl substituent at position 1. It is a metabolite of the antidepressant drug trazodone.		2.0410monochlorobenzenes;
N-arylpiperazine		drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
serotonergic agonist;
xenobiotic
enprofylline
enprofylline : Xanthine bearing a propyl substituent at position 3. A bronchodilator, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in the management of cerebrovascular insufficiency, sickle cell disease, and diabetic neuropathy.		2.0410oxopurineanti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
phenytoin
[no description available]		3.2310imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid: A 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid containing 4 alkyne bonds. It inhibits the enzymatic conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins E(2) and F(2a).		2.0410long-chain fatty acid
tacrine
Tacrine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Tacrine has been used to counter the effects of muscle relaxants, as a respiratory stimulant, and in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and other central nervous system disorders.. tacrine : A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.		2.0410acridines;
aromatic amine		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor
acebutolol
Acebutolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic antagonist with little effect on the bronchial receptors. The drug has stabilizing and quinidine-like effects on cardiac rhythm, as well as weak inherent sympathomimetic action.. acebutolol : An ether that is the 2-acetyl-4-(butanoylamino)phenyl ether of the primary hydroxy group of 3-(propan-2-ylamino)propane-1,2-diol.		3.5820aromatic amide;
ethanolamines;
ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympathomimetic agent
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.		3.5820acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
acetazolamide
Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337)		3.5820monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		anticonvulsant;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor
acetohydroxamic acid
acetohydroxamic acid: urease inhibitor. oxime : Compounds of structure R2C=NOH derived from condensation of aldehydes or ketones with hydroxylamine. Oximes from aldehydes may be called aldoximes; those from ketones may be called ketoximes.. N-hydroxyacetimidic acid : A carbohydroximic acid consisting of acetimidic acid having a hydroxy group attached to the imide nitrogen.. acetohydroxamic acid : A member of the class of acetohydroxamic acids that is acetamide in which one of the amino hydrogens has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.2310acetohydroxamic acids;
carbohydroximic acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.5.1.5 (urease) inhibitor
alaproclate
alaproclate: specific 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake inhibitors; RN given refers to (DL)-isomer		3.2310alpha-amino acid ester
albendazole
[no description available]		3.2310aryl sulfide;
benzimidazoles;
benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide;
carbamate ester		anthelminthic drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
albuterol
Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).		3.5820phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
alendronate
alendronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is methanebis(phosphonic acid) in which the two methylene hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy and 3-aminopropyl groups.		3.23101,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
primary amino compound		bone density conservation agent;
EC 2.5.1.1 (dimethylallyltranstransferase) inhibitor
alfuzosin
alfuzosin: structure given in first source		3.5820monocarboxylic acid amide;
quinazolines;
tetrahydrofuranol		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
alosetron
alosetron : A pyrido[4,3-b]indole compound having a 5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl group at the 2-position.		3.5820imidazoles;
pyridoindole		antiemetic;
gastrointestinal drug;
serotonergic antagonist
alprazolam
Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.		3.5820organochlorine compound;
triazolobenzodiazepine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
alprenolol
Alprenolol: One of the ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS used as an antihypertensive, anti-anginal, and anti-arrhythmic agent.. alprenolol : A secondary alcohol that is propan-2-ol substituted by a 2-allylphenoxy group at position 1 and an isopropylamino group at position 3. It is a beta-adrenergic antagonist used as a antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmia and a sympatholytic agent.		2.0410secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
altretamine
Altretamine: A hexamethyl-2,4,6-triamine derivative of 1,3,5-triazine.		3.2310triamino-1,3,5-triazine
amantadine
amant: an antiviral compound consisting of an adamantane derivative chemically linked to a water-solube polyanioic matrix; structure in first source		3.5820adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		analgesic;
antiparkinson drug;
antiviral drug;
dopaminergic agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
ambenonium
ambenonium : A symmetrical oxalamide-based bis-quaternary ammonium ion having ethyl and 2-chlorobenzyl groups attached to the nitrogens.		3.2310quaternary ammonium ionEC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
diatrizoic acid
Diatrizoate: A commonly used x-ray contrast medium. As DIATRIZOATE MEGLUMINE and as Diatrizoate sodium, it is used for gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.. amidotrizoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid having iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and acetamido substituents at the 3- and 5-positions. It is used, mainly as its N-methylglucamine and sodium salts, as an X-ray contrast medium in gastrointestinal studies, angiography, and urography.		3.5820acetamides;
benzoic acids;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
amifostine anhydrous
Amifostine: A phosphorothioate proposed as a radiation-protective agent. It causes splenic vasodilation and may block autonomic ganglia.. amifostine : An organic thiophosphate that is the S-phospho derivative of 2-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]ethanethiol. A prodrug for the free thiol, WR-1065, which is used as a cytoprotectant in cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy.		3.2310diamine;
organic thiophosphate		antioxidant;
prodrug;
radiation protective agent
p-aminohippuric acid
p-Aminohippuric Acid: The glycine amide of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Its sodium salt is used as a diagnostic aid to measure effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) and excretory capacity.. p-aminohippurate : A hippurate that is the conjugate base of p-aminohippuric acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. p-aminohippuric acid : An N-acylglycine that is the 4-amino derivative of hippuric acid; used as a diagnostic agent in the measurement of renal plasma flow.		3.2310N-acylglycineDaphnia magna metabolite
theophylline
[no description available]		3.5820dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
amiodarone
Amiodarone: An antianginal and class III antiarrhythmic drug. It increases the duration of ventricular and atrial muscle action by inhibiting POTASSIUM CHANNELS and VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. There is a resulting decrease in heart rate and in vascular resistance.. amiodarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is 1-benzofuran substituted by a butyl group at position 2 and a 4-[2-(diethylamino)ethoxy]-3,5-diiodobenzoyl group at position 3. It is a cardiovascular drug used for the treatment of cardiac dysrhythmias.		3.58201-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone;
organoiodine compound;
tertiary amino compound		cardiovascular drug
amitriptyline
Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.		3.8930carbotricyclic compound;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
amlodipine
Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.		3.5820dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
amoxapine
Amoxapine: The N-demethylated derivative of the antipsychotic agent LOXAPINE that works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, or both; it also blocks dopamine receptors. Amoxapine is used for the treatment of depression.. amoxapine : A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position.		3.2310dibenzooxazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
dopaminergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
amsacrine
Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.0410acridines;
aromatic ether;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
anastrozole
[no description available]		3.2310nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
antipyrine
Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.		2.0410pyrazoloneantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
aspirin
Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.		3.5820benzoic acids;
phenyl acetates;
salicylates		anticoagulant;
antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant activator;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin antagonist;
teratogenic agent
atenolol
Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.		3.5820ethanolamines;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
propanolamine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
sympatholytic agent;
xenobiotic
azathioprine
Azathioprine: An immunosuppressive agent used in combination with cyclophosphamide and hydroxychloroquine in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck Index, 11th ed). azathioprine : A thiopurine that is 6-mercaptopurine in which the mercapto hydrogen is replaced by a 1-methyl-4-nitroimidazol-5-yl group. It is a prodrug for mercaptopurine and is used as an immunosuppressant, prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory conditions and after organ transplantation and also for treatment of Crohn's didease and MS.		3.2310aryl sulfide;
C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
thiopurine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
azelastine
azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position.		2.0410monochlorobenzenes;
phthalazines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
baclofen
[no description available]		3.2310amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
primary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
muscle relaxant
bendazac
bendazac : A monocarboxylic acid that is glycolic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the 2-hydroxy group is replaced by a 1-benzyl-1H-indazol-3-yl group. Although it has anti-inflammatory, antinecrotic, choleretic and antilipidaemic properties and has been used for the treatment of various inflammatory skin disorders, its principal effect is to inhibit the denaturation of proteins. Its lysine salt is used in the management of cataracts.		3.2310indazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger
bendroflumethiazide
Bendroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. It has been used in the treatment of familial hyperkalemia, hypertension, edema, and urinary tract disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p810). bendroflumethiazide : A sulfonamide consisting of 7-sulfamoyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a trifluoromethyl group and that at position 3 is substituted by a benzyl group.		3.2310benzothiadiazine;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
benzbromarone
Benzbromarone: Uricosuric that acts by increasing uric acid clearance. It is used in the treatment of gout.. benzbromarone : 1-Benzofuran substituted at C-2 and C-3 by an ethyl group and a 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzoyl group respectively. An inhibitor of CYP2C9, it is used as an anti-gout medication.		4.22201-benzofurans;
aromatic ketone		uricosuric drug
betaxolol
[no description available]		3.5820propanolamineantihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
bethanechol
Bethanechol: A slowly hydrolyzing muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Bethanechol is generally used to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the GI tract following abdominal surgery or in urinary retention in the absence of obstruction. It may cause hypotension, HEART RATE changes, and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. bethanechol : The carbamic acid ester of 2-methylcholine. A slowly hydrolysed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects, it is used as its chloride salt to increase smooth muscle tone, as in the gastrointestinal tract following abdominal surgery, treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, and as an alternative to catheterisation in the treatment of non-obstructive urinary retention.		3.2310carbamate ester;
quaternary ammonium ion		muscarinic agonist
bevantolol
bevantolol: structure given in first source. bevantolol : A propanolamine that is 3-aminopropane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is substituted by 3-methylphenyl and one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl. A beta1 adrenoceptor antagonist, it has been shown to be as effective as other beta-blockers for the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension.		2.0410propanolamineanti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
calcium channel blocker
bicalutamide
bicalutamide: approved for treatment of advanced prostate cancer. N-[4-cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanamide : A member of the class of (trifluoromethyl)benzenes that is 4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile in which one of the amino hydrogens is substituted by a 3-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropanoyl group.. bicalutamide : A racemate comprising of equal amounts of (R)-bicalutamide and (S)-bicalutamide. It is an oral non-steroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer and hirsutism.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monofluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
sulfone;
tertiary alcohol
bay h 4502
bifonazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-bifonazole. It is a broad spectrum antifungal drug used for the treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.. 1-[biphenyl-4-yl(phenyl)methyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles carrying an alpha-(biphenyl-4-yl)benzyl substituent at position 1.		2.0310biphenyls;
imidazoles
biperiden
Biperiden: A muscarinic antagonist that has effects in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. It has been used in the treatment of arteriosclerotic, idiopathic, and postencephalitic parkinsonism. It has also been used to alleviate extrapyramidal symptoms induced by phenothiazine derivatives and reserpine.. biperiden : A member of the class of piperidines that is N-propylpiperidine in which the methyl hydrogens have been replaced by hydroxy, phenyl, and 5-norbornen-2-yl groups. A muscarinic antagonist affecting both the central and peripheral nervous systems, it is used in the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's disease.		3.5820piperidines;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antidote to sarin poisoning;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
bisacodyl
Bisacodyl: A diphenylmethane stimulant laxative used for the treatment of CONSTIPATION and for bowel evacuation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p871)		3.2310diarylmethane
bisoprolol
Bisoprolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker. It is effective in the management of HYPERTENSION and ANGINA PECTORIS.		3.5820secondary alcohol;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent
bromazepam
Bromazepam: One of the BENZODIAZEPINES that is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS.		2.0410organic molecular entity
bromopride
bromopride: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410benzamides
brotizolam
brotizolam: structure		2.0410organic molecular entity
buflomedil
buflomedil: RN given refers to parent cpd; synonym LL 1656 refers to HCl; structure		2.0410aromatic ketone
bumetanide
[no description available]		3.5820amino acid;
benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		diuretic;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
bunazosin
bunazosin: structure		2.0410quinazolines
bupivacaine
Bupivacaine: A widely used local anesthetic agent.. 1-butyl-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)piperidine-2-carboxamide : A piperidinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-butylpipecolic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. bupivacaine : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of dextrobupivacaine and levobupivacaine. Used (in the form of its hydrochloride hydrate) as a local anaesthetic.		2.0410aromatic amide;
piperidinecarboxamide;
tertiary amino compound
buspirone
Buspirone: An anxiolytic agent and serotonin receptor agonist belonging to the azaspirodecanedione class of compounds. Its structure is unrelated to those of the BENZODIAZAPINES, but it has an efficacy comparable to DIAZEPAM.. buspirone : An azaspiro compound that is 8-azaspiro[4.5]decane-7,9-dione substituted at the nitrogen atom by a 4-(piperazin-1-yl)butyl group which in turn is substituted by a pyrimidin-2-yl group at the N(4) position.		3.2310azaspiro compound;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
piperidones;
pyrimidines		anxiolytic drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
sedative;
serotonergic agonist
busulfan
[no description available]		3.5820methanesulfonate esteralkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
insect sterilant;
teratogenic agent
secbutabarbital
secbutabarbital: Butabarbital (a synonym for Secbutabarbital) should be distinguished from Butobarbital		3.2310barbiturates
caffeine
[no description available]		4.4230purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine		adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		3.5820aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
metrizoate
Metrizoic Acid: A diagnostic radiopaque that usually occurs as the sodium salt.		2.0410monocarboxylic acidradioopaque medium
candesartan cilexetil
candesartan cilexetil: a prodrug which is metabolized to an active form candesartan to exert its biological effects		3.5110biphenyls
candesartan
candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.		3.2310benzimidazolecarboxylic acid;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.		3.2310dibenzoazepine;
ureas		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
glutamate transporter activator;
mitogen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sodium channel blocker;
xenobiotic
carbinoxamine
carbinoxamine: Note: tradenames that start with Histex refer to more than one drug. carbinoxamine : An organochlorine compound that is 2-(4-chlorobenzyl)pyridine in which one of the benzylic hydrogens is substituted by 2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy group. It is an ethanolamine-type antihistamine, used as its maleate salt for treating hay fever, as well as mild cases of Parkinson's disease.		3.2310monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
carisoprodol
Carisoprodol: A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant whose mechanism of action is not completely understood but may be related to its sedative actions. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1202). carisoprodol : A carbamate ester that is the mono-N-isopropyl derivative of meprobamate (which is a significant metabolite). Carisoprodol interrupts neuronal communication within the reticular formation and spinal cord, resulting in sedation and alteration in pain perception. It is used as a muscle relaxant in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm.		3.2310carbamate estermuscle relaxant
carmustine
Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group.		2.0410N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
carvedilol
[no description available]		3.5820carbazoles;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
celecoxib
[no description available]		3.2310organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfonamide;
toluenes		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetirizine
Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.		3.2310ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperazines		anti-allergic agent;
environmental contaminant;
H1-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
chlorambucil
Chlorambucil: A nitrogen mustard alkylating agent used as antineoplastic for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's disease, and others. Although it is less toxic than most other nitrogen mustards, it has been listed as a known carcinogen in the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (Merck Index, 11th ed). chlorambucil : A monocarboxylic acid that is butanoic acid substituted at position 4 by a 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]phenyl group. A chemotherapy drug that can be used in combination with the antibody obinutuzumab for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.		3.5820aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
chlorcyclizine
chlorcyclizine: was heading 1964-94 (Prov 1964-73); CHLOROCYCLIZINE & HISTACHLORAZINE were see CHLORCYCLIZINE 1977-94; use PIPERAZINES to search CHLORCYCLIZINE 1966-94; histamine H1-blocker used both orally and topically in allergies and also for the prevention of motion sickness		3.2310diarylmethane
chlordiazepoxide
Chlordiazepoxide: An anxiolytic benzodiazepine derivative with anticonvulsant, sedative, and amnesic properties. It has also been used in the symptomatic treatment of alcohol withdrawal.. chlordiazepoxide : A benzodiazepine that is 3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a phenyl group at position 5 and a methylamino group at position 2.		3.5820benzodiazepine
chlormezanone
Chlormezanone: A non-benzodiazepine that is used in the management of anxiety. It has been suggested for use in the treatment of muscle spasm.. chlormezanone : A 1,3-thiazine that is 1,3-thiazinan-4-one S,S-dioxide in which a hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group and the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by methyl. A non-benzodiazepine muscle relaxant, it was used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasms until being discontinued worldwide by its manufacturer in 1996, due to rare but serious cutaneous reactions.		3.23101,3-thiazine;
lactam;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfone		antipsychotic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
muscle relaxant
chloroquine
Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis.		3.5820aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
autophagy inhibitor;
dermatologic drug
chlorothiazide
Chlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p812). thiazide : Heterocyclic compound with sulfur and nitrogen in the ring.. chlorothiazide : 4H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide in which the hydrogen at position is substituted by chlorine and that at position 7 is substituted by a sulfonamide group. A diuretic, it is used for treatment of oedema and hypertension.		3.2310benzothiadiazineantihypertensive agent;
diuretic
chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.		3.5820monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidepressant;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		3.5820organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
chlorpropamide
Chlorpropamide: A sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p277). chlorpropamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is urea in which a hydrogen attached to one of the nitrogens is substituted by 4-chlorobenzenesulfonyl group and a hydrogen attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by propyl group. Chlorpropamide is a hypoglycaemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification.		3.5820monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
chlorthalidone
Chlorthalidone: A benzenesulfonamide-phthalimidine that tautomerizes to a BENZOPHENONES form. It is considered a thiazide-like diuretic.		3.5820isoindoles;
monochlorobenzenes;
sulfonamide
chlorzoxazone
Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202). chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		3.23101,3-benzoxazoles;
heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
organochlorine compound		muscle relaxant;
sedative
cifenline
[no description available]		2.0410diarylmethane
cilostazol
[no description available]		3.2310lactam;
tetrazoles		anticoagulant;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
fibrin modulating drug;
neuroprotective agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
cimetidine
Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach.		3.5820aliphatic sulfide;
guanidines;
imidazoles;
nitrile		adjuvant;
analgesic;
anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively.		3.5820aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic
citalopram
Citalopram: A furancarbonitrile that is one of the serotonin uptake inhibitors used as an antidepressant. The drug is also effective in reducing ethanol uptake in alcoholics and is used in depressed patients who also suffer from TARDIVE DYSKINESIA in preference to tricyclic antidepressants, which aggravate dyskinesia.. citalopram : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active.. 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile : A nitrile that is 1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile in which one of the hydrogens at position 1 is replaced by a p-fluorophenyl group, while the other is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group.		3.58202-benzofurans;
cyclic ether;
nitrile;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary amino compound
clofazimine
Clofazimine: A fat-soluble riminophenazine dye used for the treatment of leprosy. It has been used investigationally in combination with other antimycobacterial drugs to treat Mycobacterium avium infections in AIDS patients. Clofazimine also has a marked anti-inflammatory effect and is given to control the leprosy reaction, erythema nodosum leprosum. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p1619). clofazimine : 3-Isopropylimino-3,5-dihydro-phenazine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is substituted substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl group, and that at position 2 is substituted by a (4-chlorophenyl)amino group. A dark red crystalline solid, clofazimine is an antimycobacterial and is one of the main drugs used for the treatment of multi-bacillary leprosy. However, it can cause red/brown discolouration of the skin, so other treatments are often preferred in light-skinned patients.		3.5110monochlorobenzenes;
phenazines		dye;
leprostatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clofibrate
angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate		3.2310aromatic ether;
ethyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
clomiphene
[no description available]		3.2310tertiary amineestrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
clomipramine
Clomipramine: A tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE that selectively inhibits the uptake of serotonin in the brain. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and demethylated in the liver to form its primary active metabolite, desmethylclomipramine.. clomipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias.		3.5820dibenzoazepineanticoronaviral agent;
antidepressant;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonergic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
clonazepam
Clonazepam: An anticonvulsant used for several types of seizures, including myotonic or atonic seizures, photosensitive epilepsy, and absence seizures, although tolerance may develop. It is seldom effective in generalized tonic-clonic or partial seizures. The mechanism of action appears to involve the enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptor responses.. clonazepam : 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation.		3.58201,4-benzodiazepinone;
monochlorobenzenes		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
clonidine
Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.		3.5820clonidine;
imidazoline
chlorazepate
clorazepic acid : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone in which the oxo group is at position 2, and which is substituted at positions 3, 5, and 7 by carboxy, phenyl and chloro groups, respectively.		3.58201,4-benzodiazepinoneanticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator;
prodrug
clotrimazole
[no description available]		3.8530conazole antifungal drug;
imidazole antifungal drug;
imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes		antiinfective agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cyclobenzaprine
cyclobenzaprine: RN given refers to parent cpd; Lisseril is synonymous for HCl; structure. cyclobenzaprine : 5-Methylidene-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene in which one of the hydrogens of the methylidene group is substituted by a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm.		3.2310carbotricyclic compoundantidepressant;
muscle relaxant;
tranquilizing drug
cyclofenil
Cyclofenil: A gonadal stimulant and inducer of ovulation. It is used in the treatment of infertility and amenorrhea, but is thought to be less effective than CLOMIPHENE.		3.2310organic molecular entity
cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.		3.2310piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
gastrointestinal drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
dapsone
[no description available]		3.5820substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
deferoxamine
Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.		3.2310acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore
desipramine
Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.		3.5820dibenzoazepine;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug allergen;
EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nordazepam
Nordazepam: An intermediate in the metabolism of DIAZEPAM to OXAZEPAM. It may have actions similar to those of diazepam.. nordazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone having phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively; it has anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant and sedative properties but is used primarily in the treatment of anxiety.		2.04101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator;
human metabolite;
sedative
amphetamine
Amphetamine: A powerful central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic. Amphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulation of release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. Amphetamine is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic. The l- and the d,l-forms are included here. The l-form has less central nervous system activity but stronger cardiovascular effects. The d-form is DEXTROAMPHETAMINE.. 1-phenylpropan-2-amine : A primary amine that is isopropylamine in which a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups has been replaced by a phenyl group.. amphetamine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-amphetamine (also known as levamphetamine or levoamphetamine) and (S)-amphetamine (also known as dexamfetamine or dextroamphetamine.		3.5820primary amine
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		3.83301,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diazoxide
Diazoxide: A benzothiadiazine derivative that is a peripheral vasodilator used for hypertensive emergencies. It lacks diuretic effect, apparently because it lacks a sulfonamide group.. diazoxide : A benzothiadiazine that is the S,S-dioxide of 2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine which is substituted at position 3 by a methyl group and at position 7 by chlorine. A peripheral vasodilator, it increases the concentration of glucose in the plasma and inhibits the secretion of insulin by the beta- cells of the pancreas. It is used orally in the management of intractable hypoglycaemia and intravenously in the management of hypertensive emergencies.		3.5820benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
diuretic;
K-ATP channel agonist;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasodilator agent
diclofenac
Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position.		3.5820amino acid;
aromatic amine;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
dichlorphenamide
Dichlorphenamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of glaucoma.. diclofenamide : A sulfonamide that is benzene-1,3-disulfonamide in which the hydrogens at positions 4 and 5 are substituted by chlorine. An oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, it partially suppresses the secretion (inflow) of aqueous humor in the eye and so reduces intraocular pressure. It is used for the treatment of glaucoma.		3.2310dichlorobenzene;
sulfonamide		antiglaucoma drug;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor;
ophthalmology drug
dicyclomine
Dicyclomine: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic and in urinary incontinence. It has little effect on glandular secretion or the cardiovascular system. It does have some local anesthetic properties and is used in gastrointestinal, biliary, and urinary tract spasms.. dicyclomine : The ester resulting from the formal condensation of 1-cyclohexylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with 2-(diethylamino)ethanol. An anticholinergic, it is used as the hydrochloride to treat or prevent spasm in the muscles of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly that associated with irritable bowel syndrome.		3.2310carboxylic ester;
tertiary amine		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
pentetic acid
Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.		3.2310pentacarboxylic acidcopper chelator
diflunisal
Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.		3.5820monohydroxybenzoic acid;
organofluorine compound		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
dimercaprol
Dimercaprol: An anti-gas warfare agent that is effective against Lewisite (dichloro(2-chlorovinyl)arsine) and formerly known as British Anti-Lewisite or BAL. It acts as a chelating agent and is used in the treatment of arsenic, gold, and other heavy metal poisoning.. dimercaprol : A dithiol that is propane-1,2-dithiol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. a chelating agent originally developed during World War II as an experimental antidote against the arsenic-based poison gas Lewisite, it has been used clinically since 1949 for the treatment of poisoning by arsenic, mercury and gold. It can also be used for treatment of poisoning by antimony, bismuth and possibly thallium, and (with sodium calcium edetate) in cases of acute leaad poisoning. Administration is by (painful) intramuscular injection of a suspension of dimercaprol in peanut oil, typically every 4 hours for 2-10 days depending on the toxicity. In the past, dimercaprol was also used for the treatment of Wilson's disease, a severely debilitating genetic disorder in which the body tends to retain copper, with resultant liver and brain injury.		3.2310dithiol;
primary alcohol		chelator
diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.		3.5820ether;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
antitussive;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
oneirogen;
sedative
dipyridamole
Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots.		4.2220piperidines;
pyrimidopyrimidine;
tertiary amino compound;
tetrol		adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
disopyramide
Disopyramide: A class I anti-arrhythmic agent (one that interferes directly with the depolarization of the cardiac membrane and thus serves as a membrane-stabilizing agent) with a depressant action on the heart similar to that of guanidine. It also possesses some anticholinergic and local anesthetic properties.. disopyramide : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is butanamide substituted by a diisopropylamino group at position 4, a phenyl group at position 2 and a pyridin-2-yl group at position 2. It is used as a anti-arrhythmia drug.		3.5820monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
disulfiram
[no description available]		3.2310organic disulfide;
organosulfur acaricide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
fungicide;
NF-kappaB inhibitor
valproic acid
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.		3.5820branched-chain fatty acid;
branched-chain saturated fatty acid		anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
GABA agent;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent
domperidone
Domperidone: A specific blocker of dopamine receptors. It speeds gastrointestinal peristalsis, causes prolactin release, and is used as antiemetic and tool in the study of dopaminergic mechanisms.. domperidone : 1-[3-(Piperidin-1-yl)propyl]-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which the 4-position of the piperidine ring is substituted by a 5-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. A dopamine antagonist, it is used as an antiemetic for the short-term treatment of nausea and vomiting, and to control gastrointestinal effects of dopaminergic drugs given in the management of parkinsonism. The free base is used in oral suspensions, while the maleate salt is used in tablet preparations.		2.0410benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist
donepezil
Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.		3.2310aromatic ether;
indanones;
piperidines;
racemate		EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
nootropic agent
doxapram
Doxapram: A central respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p1225). doxapram : A member of the class of pyrrolidin-2-ones that is N-ethylpyrrolidin-2-one in which both of the hydrogens at the 3 position (adjacent to the carbonyl group) are substituted by phenyl groups, and one of the hydrogens at the 4 position is substituted by a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant with a brief duration of action, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride or the hydrochloride hydrate) as a temporary treatment of acute respiratory failure, particularly when superimposed on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and of postoperative respiratory depression. It has also been used for treatment of postoperative shivering.		3.5820morpholines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones		central nervous system stimulant
doxazosin
Doxazosin: A prazosin-related compound that is a selective alpha-1-adrenergic blocker.. doxazosin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline substituted by an amino group at position 4, methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a piperazin-1-yl group at position 2 which in turn is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-2-ylcarbonyl group at position 4. An antihypertensive agent, it is used in the treatment of high blood pressure.		3.5820aromatic amine;
benzodioxine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
vasodilator agent
doxepin
Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.		3.5820dibenzooxepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
doxylamine
Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.		3.2310pyridines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
antitussive;
cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
sedative
droperidol
Droperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It is used in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as FENTANYL to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. It is also used as a premedicant, as an antiemetic, and for the control of agitation in acute psychoses. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p593). droperidol : An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound		anaesthesia adjuvant;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
dyphylline
Dyphylline: A THEOPHYLLINE derivative with broncho- and vasodilator properties. It is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis.. dyphylline : An oxopurine that is theophylline bearing a 2,3-dihydroxypropyl group at the 7 position. It has broncho- and vasodilator properties, and is used in the treatment of asthma, cardiac dyspnea, and bronchitis. It is also an ingredient in preparations that have been promoted for coughs.		3.5820oxopurine;
propane-1,2-diols		bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
edrophonium
Edrophonium: A rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.. edrophonium : A quaternary ammonium ion that is N-ethyl-N,N-dimethylanilinium in which one of the meta positions is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is a reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase, with a rapid onset (30-60 seconds after injection) but a short duration of action (5-15 minutes). The chloride salt is used in myasthenia gravis both diagnostically and to distinguish between under- or over-treatment with other anticholinesterases. It has also been used for the reversal of neuromuscular blockade in anaesthesia, and for the management of poisoning due to tetrodotoxin, a neuromuscular blocking toxin found in puffer fish and other marine animals.		3.2310phenols;
quaternary ammonium ion		antidote;
diagnostic agent;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor
enoxacin
Enoxacin: A broad-spectrum 6-fluoronaphthyridinone antibacterial agent that is structurally related to NALIDIXIC ACID.. enoxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with an ethyl group at the 1 position, a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 7 position. An antibacterial, it is used in the treatment of urinary-tract infections and gonorrhoea.		2.04101,8-naphthyridine derivative;
amino acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
estazolam
Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.		3.2310triazoles;
triazolobenzodiazepine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABA modulator
ethacrynic acid
Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.		3.5820aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
loop diuretic
ethosuximide
Ethosuximide: An anticonvulsant especially useful in the treatment of absence seizures unaccompanied by other types of seizures.. ethosuximide : A dicarboximide that is pyrrolidine-2,5-dione in which the hydrogens at position 3 are substituted by one methyl and one ethyl group. An antiepileptic, it is used in the treatment of absence seizures and may be used for myoclonic seizures, but is ineffective against tonic-clonic seizures.		3.2310dicarboximide;
pyrrolidinone		anticonvulsant;
geroprotector;
T-type calcium channel blocker
ethotoin
ethotoin: was heading 1966-94 (see under HYDANTOINS 1966-90); use HYDANTOINS to search ETHOTOIN 1966-94. ethotoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted by ethyl and phenyl at positions 3 and 5, respectively. An antiepileptic, it is less toxic than phenytoin but also less effective.		3.2310imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant
etidronate
Etidronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover.. etidronic acid : A 1,1-bis(phosphonic acid) that is (ethane-1,1-diyl)bis(phosphonic acid) having a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position. It inhibits the formation, growth, and dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystals by chemisorption to calcium phosphate surfaces.		3.23101,1-bis(phosphonic acid)antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
chelator
etilefrine
Etilefrine: A phenylephrine-related beta-1 adrenergic and alpha adrenergic agonist used as a cardiotonic and antihypotensive agent.		2.0410phenols
etodolac
Etodolac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor with potent analgesic and anti-arthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; and in the alleviation of postoperative pain (PAIN, POSTOPERATIVE).. etodolac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active.		3.2310monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
brl 42810
[no description available]		3.23102-aminopurines;
acetate ester		antiviral drug;
prodrug
felbamate
Felbamate: A PEGylated phenylcarbamate derivative that acts as an antagonist of NMDA RECEPTORS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES in severe refractory EPILEPSY.. felbamate : The bis(carbamate ester) of 2-phenylpropane-1,3-diol. An anticonvulsant, it is used in the treatment of epilepsy.		3.2310carbamate esteranticonvulsant;
neuroprotective agent
felodipine
Felodipine: A dihydropyridine calcium antagonist with positive inotropic effects. It lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels.. felodipine : The mixed (methyl, ethyl) diester of 4-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylic acid. A calcium-channel blocker, it lowers blood pressure by reducing peripheral vascular resistance through a highly selective action on smooth muscle in arteriolar resistance vessels. It is used in the management of hypertension and angina pectoris.		3.5820dichlorobenzene;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
fenofibrate
Pharmavit: a polyvitamin product, comprising vitamins A, D2, B1, B2, B6, C, E, nicotinamide, & calcium pantothene; may be a promising agent for application to human populations exposed to carcinogenic and genetic hazards of ionizing radiation; RN from CHEMLINE		4.2220aromatic ether;
chlorobenzophenone;
isopropyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		antilipemic drug;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
fenoldopam
Fenoldopam: A dopamine D1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation.		3.2310benzazepinealpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
dopamine agonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
fenoprofen
Fenoprofen: A propionic acid derivative that is used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.. fenoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.		3.2310monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
berotek
Fenoterol: A synthetic adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. fenoterol : A member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.		2.0410resorcinols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
fenspiride
fenspiride: was heading 1975-94 (see under SPIRO COMPOUNDS 1975-90); use SPIRO COMPOUNDS to search FENSPIRIDE 1975-94; bronchodilator agent used in asthma		2.0410azaspiro compound
fentanyl
Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.		2.0410anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines		adjuvant;
anaesthesia adjuvant;
anaesthetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
fexofenadine
fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.		3.2310piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
fipexide
fipexide: regulates dopaminergic systems at macromolecular level		3.2310benzodioxoles
flavoxate
Flavoxate: A drug that has been used in various urinary syndromes and as an antispasmodic. Its therapeutic usefulness and its mechanism of action are not clear. It may have local anesthetic activity and direct relaxing effects on smooth muscle as well as some activity as a muscarinic antagonist.. flavoxate : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of 3-methylflavone-8-carboxylic acid with 2-(1-piperidinyl)ethanol.		3.2310carboxylic ester;
flavones;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
parasympatholytic
flecainide
Flecainide: A potent anti-arrhythmia agent, effective in a wide range of ventricular and atrial ARRHYTHMIAS and TACHYCARDIAS.. flecainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2,5-bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoic acid with the primary amino group of piperidin-2-ylmethylamine. An antiarrhythmic agent used (in the form of its acetate salt) to prevent and treat tachyarrhythmia (abnormal fast rhythm of the heart).		3.5820aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug
fleroxacin
Fleroxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.. fleroxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8 by 2-fluoroethyl, carboxy, fluoro, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.		2.0410difluorobenzene;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
quinolines		antibacterial drug;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
fluconazole
Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.		6.07360conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
flucytosine
Flucytosine: A fluorinated cytosine analog that is used as an antifungal agent.. flucytosine : An organofluorine compound that is cytosine that is substituted at position 5 by a fluorine. A prodrug for the antifungal 5-fluorouracil, it is used for the treatment of systemic fungal infections.		4.94110aminopyrimidine;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine antifungal drug;
pyrimidone		prodrug
fluphenazine
[no description available]		3.2310N-alkylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		anticoronaviral agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
flumazenil
Flumazenil: A potent benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. Since it reverses the sedative and other actions of benzodiazepines, it has been suggested as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdoses.. flumazenil : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose.		3.5820ethyl ester;
imidazobenzodiazepine;
organofluorine compound		antidote to benzodiazepine poisoning;
GABA antagonist
flunitrazepam
Flunitrazepam: A benzodiazepine with pharmacologic actions similar to those of DIAZEPAM that can cause ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA. Some reports indicate that it is used as a date rape drug and suggest that it may precipitate violent behavior. The United States Government has banned the importation of this drug.. flunitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is nitrazepam substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by a fluoro group at position 2'. It is a potent hypnotic, sedative, and amnestic drug used to treat chronic insomnia.		2.04101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound;
monofluorobenzenes		anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
fluorescite
fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.		3.5820benzoic acids;
cyclic ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
phenols;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		3.5820nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
fluoxetine
Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound
flurazepam
Flurazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used mainly as a hypnotic.. flurazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group, 2-fluorophenyl group and chloro group at positions 1, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a partial agonist of GABAA receptors and used for the treatment of insomnia.		3.23101,4-benzodiazepinone;
monofluorobenzenes;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
GABAA receptor agonist;
sedative
flurbiprofen
Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.		3.2310fluorobiphenyl;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
flutamide
Flutamide: An antiandrogen with about the same potency as cyproterone in rodent and canine species.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
fomepizole
Fomepizole: A pyrazole and competitive inhibitor of ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE that is used for the treatment of poisoning by ETHYLENE GLYCOL or METHANOL.. fomepizole : A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole substituted by a methyl group at position 4.		3.2310pyrazolesantidote;
EC 1.1.1.1 (alcohol dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
protective agent
foscarnet
Foscarnet: An antiviral agent used in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis. Foscarnet also shows activity against human herpesviruses and HIV.. phosphonoformic acid : Phosphoric acid in which one of the hydroxy groups is replaced by a carboxylic acid group. It is used as the trisodium salt as an antiviral agent in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV retinitis, an inflamation of the retina that can lead to blindness) and as an alternative to ganciclovir for AIDS patients who require concurrent antiretroviral therapy but are unable to tolerate ganciclovir due to haematological toxicity.		3.5820carboxylic acid;
one-carbon compound;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
sodium-dependent Pi-transporter inhibitor
furosemide
Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.		4.4230chlorobenzoic acid;
furans;
sulfonamide		environmental contaminant;
loop diuretic;
xenobiotic
gabapentin
Gabapentin: A cyclohexane-gamma-aminobutyric acid derivative that is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES; NEURALGIA; and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. gabapentin : A gamma-amino acid that is cyclohexane substituted at position 1 by aminomethyl and carboxymethyl groups. Used for treatment of neuropathic pain and restless legs syndrome.		3.5820gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
calcium channel blocker;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
gemfibrozil
[no description available]		3.2310aromatic etherantilipemic drug
glafenine
Glafenine: An anthranilic acid derivative with analgesic properties used for the relief of all types of pain.. glafenine : A carboxylic ester that is 2,3-dihydroxypropyl anthranilate in which the amino group is substituted by a 7-chloroquinolin-4-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, glafenine and its hydrochloride salt were used for the relief of all types of pain, but high incidence of anaphylactic reactions resulted in their withdrawal from the market.		3.2310aminoquinoline;
carboxylic ester;
glycol;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
glimepiride
glimepiride: structure given in first source		3.5820sulfonamide
glipizide
Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		3.5820aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-sulfonylurea;
pyrazines		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue
glyburide
Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.		4.4230monochlorobenzenes;
N-sulfonylurea		anti-arrhythmia drug;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid (1,1-dimethyl-3-pyrrolidin-1-iumyl) ester
[no description available]		3.2310benzenes
granisetron
[no description available]		3.5820aromatic amide;
indazoles
guaifenesin
Guaifenesin: An expectorant that also has some muscle relaxing action. It is used in many cough preparations.		3.2310methoxybenzenes
guanethidine
Guanethidine: An antihypertensive agent that acts by inhibiting selectively transmission in post-ganglionic adrenergic nerves. It is believed to act mainly by preventing the release of norepinephrine at nerve endings and causes depletion of norepinephrine in peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals as well as in tissues.. guanethidine : A member of the class of guanidines in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a 2-azocan-1-ylethyl group.. guanethidine sulfate : A organic sulfate salt composed of two molecules of guanethidine and one of sulfuric acid.		3.2310azocanes;
guanidines		adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
sympatholytic agent
guanfacine
Guanfacine: A centrally acting antihypertensive agent with specificity towards ADRENERGIC ALPHA-2 RECEPTORS.		3.5820acetamides
guanidine
Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines.		3.2310carboxamidine;
guanidines;
one-carbon compound
haloperidol
Haloperidol: A phenyl-piperidinyl-butyrophenone that is used primarily to treat SCHIZOPHRENIA and other PSYCHOSES. It is also used in schizoaffective disorder, DELUSIONAL DISORDERS, ballism, and TOURETTE SYNDROME (a drug of choice) and occasionally as adjunctive therapy in INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY and the chorea of HUNTINGTON DISEASE. It is a potent antiemetic and is used in the treatment of intractable HICCUPS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p279). haloperidol : A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety.		3.5820aromatic ketone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
organofluorine compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
hexobarbital
Hexobarbital: A barbiturate that is effective as a hypnotic and sedative.. hexobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates taht is barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by methyl and at C-5 by methyl and cyclohex-1-enyl groups.		2.0410barbiturates
hydralazine
Hydralazine: A direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.. hydralazine : The 1-hydrazino derivative of phthalazine; a direct-acting vasodilator that is used as an antihypertensive agent.		3.5820azaarene;
hydrazines;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
phthalazines		antihypertensive agent;
vasodilator agent
hydrochlorothiazide
Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		3.2310benzothiadiazine;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
hydroflumethiazide
Hydroflumethiazide: A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p822). hydroflumethiazide : A benzothiadiazine consisting of a 3,4-dihydro-HH-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine bicyclic system dioxygenated on sulfur and carrying trifluoromethyl and aminosulfonyl groups at positions 6 and 7 respectively. A diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide.		3.5820benzothiadiazine;
thiazide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine: A chemotherapeutic agent that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites. Hydroxychloroquine appears to concentrate in food vacuoles of affected protozoa. It inhibits plasmodial heme polymerase. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p970). hydroxychloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is chloroquine in which one of the N-ethyl groups is hydroxylated at position 2. An antimalarial with properties similar to chloroquine that acts against erythrocytic forms of malarial parasites, it is mainly used as the sulfate salt for the treatment of lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and light-sensitive skin eruptions.		3.5820aminoquinoline;
organochlorine compound;
primary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimalarial;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug
hydroxyurea
[no description available]		3.5820one-carbon compound;
ureas		antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent
hydroxyzine
Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.		3.2310hydroxyether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine		anticoronaviral agent;
antipruritic drug;
anxiolytic drug;
dermatologic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
hypericin
[no description available]		2.0410
ibuprofen
Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine		3.5820monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger;
xenobiotic
phenelzine
Phenelzine: One of the MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS used to treat DEPRESSION; PHOBIC DISORDERS; and PANIC.		3.2310primary amine
lidocaine
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.		3.5820benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
ifosfamide
[no description available]		3.5820ifosfamidesalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
imipramine
Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.		3.5820dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
amrinone
Amrinone: A positive inotropic cardiotonic (CARDIOTONIC AGENTS) with vasodilator properties, phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitory activity, and the ability to stimulate calcium ion influx into the cardiac cell.. amrinone : A 3,4'-bipyridine substituted at positions 5 and 6 by an amino group and a keto function respectively. A pyridine phosphodiesterase 3 inhibitor, it is a drug that may improve the prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure.		3.5820bipyridinesEC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor
indapamide
Indapamide: A benzamide-sulfonamide-indole derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. indapamide : A sulfonamide formed by condensation of the carboxylic group of 4-chloro-3-sulfamoylbenzoic acid with the amino group of 2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-indol-1-amine.		3.2310indoles;
organochlorine compound;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		3.8430aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
iohexol
Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position.		2.0410benzenedicarboxamide;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
iopromide
iopromide: structure given in first source. iopromide : A dicarboxylic acid diamide that consists of N-methylisophthalamide bearing three iodo substituents at positions 2, 4 and 6, a methoxyacetyl substituent at position 5 and two 2,3-dihydroxypropyl groups attached to the amide nitrogens. A water soluble x-ray contrast agent for intravascular administration.		2.0410dicarboxylic acid diamide;
organoiodine compound		environmental contaminant;
nephrotoxic agent;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
iothalamic acid
Iothalamic Acid: A contrast medium in diagnostic radiology with properties similar to those of diatrizoic acid. It is used primarily as its sodium and meglumine (IOTHALAMATE MEGLUMINE) salts.		2.0410organic molecular entity
ioversol
[no description available]		3.2310amidobenzoic acid
iproniazid
[no description available]		3.2310carbohydrazide;
pyridines
avapro
Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.		3.5820azaspiro compound;
biphenylyltetrazole		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
isocarboxazid
Isocarboxazid: An MAO inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of major depression, dysthymic disorder, and atypical depression. It also is useful in the treatment of panic disorder and the phobic disorders. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p311)		3.2310benzenes
isoniazid
Hydra: A genus of freshwater polyps in the family Hydridae, order Hydroida, class HYDROZOA. They are of special interest because of their complex organization and because their adult organization corresponds roughly to the gastrula of higher animals.. hydrazide : Compounds derived from oxoacids RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) by replacing -OH by -NRNR2 (R groups are commonly H). (IUPAC).		3.5820carbohydrazideantitubercular agent;
drug allergen
isoproterenol
Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders.		3.5820catechols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
isoxsuprine
Isoxsuprine: A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.		3.2310alkylbenzene
isradipine
Isradipine: A potent antagonist of CALCIUM CHANNELS that is highly selective for VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. It is effective in the treatment of chronic stable angina pectoris, hypertension, and congestive cardiac failure.		3.5820benzoxadiazole;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester;
methyl ester
itraconazole
[no description available]		7.38320piperazines
ketamine
Ketamine: A cyclohexanone derivative used for induction of anesthesia. Its mechanism of action is not well understood, but ketamine can block NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and may interact with sigma receptors.. ketamine : A member of the class of cyclohexanones in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 2-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a methylamino group.		3.5820cyclohexanones;
monochlorobenzenes;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
ketanserin
Ketanserin: A selective serotonin receptor antagonist with weak adrenergic receptor blocking properties. The drug is effective in lowering blood pressure in essential hypertension. It also inhibits platelet aggregation. It is well tolerated and is particularly effective in older patients.. ketanserin : A member of the class of quinazolines that is quinazoline-2,4(1H,3H)-dione which is substituted at position 3 by a 2-[4-(p-fluorobenzoyl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group.		2.0410aromatic ketone;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
cardiovascular drug;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
serotonergic antagonist
ketoconazole
1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.		4.85100dichlorobenzene;
dioxolane;
ether;
imidazoles;
N-acylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen
Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.		3.5820benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ketorolac
Ketorolac: A pyrrolizine carboxylic acid derivative structurally related to INDOMETHACIN. It is an NSAID and is used principally for its analgesic activity. (From Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 31st ed). ketorolac : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure.. 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid : A member of the class of pyrrolizines that is 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine which is substituted at positions 1 and 5 by carboxy and benzoyl groups, respectively.		3.5820amino acid;
aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
pyrrolizines;
racemate		analgesic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
labetalol
Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.		3.5820benzamides;
benzenes;
phenols;
primary carboxamide;
salicylamides;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
lamotrigine
[no description available]		3.23101,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine		anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic
lansoprazole
Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.		4.4230benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
leflunomide
Leflunomide: An isoxazole derivative that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, the fourth enzyme in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway. It is used an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS and PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS.. leflunomide : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxylic acid with the anilino group of 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline. The prodrug of teriflunomide.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
antiparasitic agent;
EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
pyrimidine synthesis inhibitor;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
letrozole
[no description available]		3.5820nitrile;
triazoles		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
lomefloxacin
lomefloxacin: structure given in first source. lomefloxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic, used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) to treat bacterial infections including bronchitis and urinary tract infections. It is also used to prevent urinary tract infections prior to surgery.		3.2310fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antimicrobial agent;
antitubercular agent;
photosensitizing agent
lomustine
[no description available]		3.2310N-nitrosoureas;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
loperamide
Loperamide: One of the long-acting synthetic ANTIDIARRHEALS; it is not significantly absorbed from the gut, and has no effect on the adrenergic system or central nervous system, but may antagonize histamine and interfere with acetylcholine release locally.. loperamide : A synthetic piperidine derivative, effective against diarrhoea resulting from gastroenteritis or inflammatory bowel disease.		3.2310monocarboxylic acid amide;
monochlorobenzenes;
piperidines;
tertiary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antidiarrhoeal drug;
mu-opioid receptor agonist
loratadine
Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.		3.2310benzocycloheptapyridine;
ethyl ester;
N-acylpiperidine;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary carboxamide		anti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
geroprotector;
H1-receptor antagonist
lorazepam
Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.		3.5820benzodiazepine
losartan
Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position		4.4230biphenylyltetrazole;
imidazoles		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
loxapine
Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.		3.2310dibenzooxazepineantipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
maprotiline
Maprotiline: A bridged-ring tetracyclic antidepressant that is both mechanistically and functionally similar to the tricyclic antidepressants, including side effects associated with its use.		3.5820anthracenes
mebendazole
Mebendazole: A benzimidazole that acts by interfering with CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM and inhibiting polymerization of MICROTUBULES.. mebendazole : A carbamate ester that is methyl 1H-benzimidazol-2-ylcarbamate substituted by a benzoyl group at position 5.		3.5820aromatic ketone;
benzimidazoles;
carbamate ester		antinematodal drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
mecamylamine
Mecamylamine: A nicotinic antagonist that is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Mecamylamine has been used as a ganglionic blocker in treating hypertension, but, like most ganglionic blockers, is more often used now as a research tool.		3.2310primary aliphatic amine
mechlorethamine
nitrogen mustard : Compounds having two beta-haloalkyl groups bound to a nitrogen atom, as in (X-CH2-CH2)2NR.		3.2310nitrogen mustard;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent
meclizine
Meclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in the treatment of motion sickness, vertigo, and nausea during pregnancy and radiation sickness.		3.2310diarylmethane
meclofenamic acid
Meclofenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with antipyretic and antigranulation activities. It also inhibits prostaglandin biosynthesis.. meclofenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		3.2310aminobenzoic acid;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mefenamic acid
Mefenamic Acid: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties. It is an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase.. mefenamic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		3.2310aminobenzoic acid;
secondary amino compound		analgesic;
antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
memantine
[no description available]		3.2310adamantanes;
primary aliphatic amine		antidepressant;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
NMDA receptor antagonist
mepenzolate
mepenzolic acid: anticholinergic, antispasmodic agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.2310diarylmethane
meperidine
Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.		3.5820ethyl ester;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
mephenytoin
Mephenytoin: An anticonvulsant effective in tonic-clonic epilepsy (EPILEPSY, TONIC-CLONIC). It may cause blood dyscrasias.. mephenytoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione (hydantoin) in which the imidazolidine nucleus carries a methyl group at N-3 and has ethyl and phenyl substituents at C-5. An anticonvulsant, it is no longer available in the USA or the UK but is still studied largely because of its interesting hydroxylation polymorphism.		3.2310imidazolidine-2,4-dioneanticonvulsant
mepivacaine
Mepivacaine: A local anesthetic that is chemically related to BUPIVACAINE but pharmacologically related to LIDOCAINE. It is indicated for infiltration, nerve block, and epidural anesthesia. Mepivacaine is effective topically only in large doses and therefore should not be used by this route. (From AMA Drug Evaluations, 1994, p168). mepivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide in which N-methylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline have combined to form the amide bond. It is used as a local amide-type anaesthetic.		3.5820piperidinecarboxamidedrug allergen;
local anaesthetic
meprobamate
Meprobamate: A carbamate with hypnotic, sedative, and some muscle relaxant properties, although in therapeutic doses reduction of anxiety rather than a direct effect may be responsible for muscle relaxation. Meprobamate has been reported to have anticonvulsant actions against petit mal seizures, but not against grand mal seizures (which may be exacerbated). It is used in the treatment of ANXIETY DISORDERS, and also for the short-term management of INSOMNIA but has largely been superseded by the BENZODIAZEPINES. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p603)		3.5820organic molecular entity
mesalamine
Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.		3.5820amino acid;
aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
phenols		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mesoridazine
Mesoridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic with effects similar to CHLORPROMAZINE.. mesoridazine : A phenothiazine substituted at position 2 (para to the S atom) by a methylsulfinyl group, and on the nitrogen by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group.		3.2310phenothiazines;
sulfoxide;
tertiary amino compound		dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
metaproterenol
Metaproterenol: A beta-2 adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of ASTHMA and BRONCHIAL SPASM.. orciprenaline : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-orciprenaline. Used (as its sulfate salt) to relax the airway muscles and improve breathing for patients suffering from asthma or bronchitis.. 5-[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol : A member of the class of resorcinols bearing an additional 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropanylamino)ethyl substituent at position 5 of resorcinol itself.		3.2310aralkylamino compound;
phenylethanolamines;
resorcinols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
metformin
Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.		3.5820guanidinesenvironmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
methadone
Methadone: A synthetic opioid that is used as the hydrochloride. It is an opioid analgesic that is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. It has actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1082-3). methadone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dextromethadone and levomethadone. It is a opioid analgesic which is used as a painkiller and as a substitute for heroin in the treatment of heroin addiction.. 6-(dimethylamino)-4,4-diphenylheptan-3-one : A ketone that is heptan-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 6 and two phenyl groups at position 4.		3.5820benzenes;
diarylmethane;
ketone;
tertiary amino compound
methapyrilene
Methapyrilene: Histamine H1 antagonist with sedative action used as a hypnotic and in allergies.. methapyrilene : A member of the class of ethylenediamine derivatives that is ethylenediamine in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups, and the other nitrogen is substituted by a 2-pyridyl group and a (2-thienyl)methyl group.		2.0410ethylenediamine derivativeanti-allergic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative
methazolamide
Methazolamide: A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor that is used as a diuretic and in the treatment of glaucoma.		3.2310sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles
methocarbamol
Methocarbamol: A centrally acting muscle relaxant whose mode of action has not been established. It is used as an adjunct in the symptomatic treatment of musculoskeletal conditions associated with painful muscle spasm. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1206). methocarbamol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methocarbamol. A centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant, it is used as an adjunct in the short-term symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. The (R)-enantiomer is more active than the (S)-enantiomer.. 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl carbamate : A carbamate ester that is glycerol in which one of the primary alcohol groups has been converted to its 2-methoxyphenyl ether while the other has been converted to the corresponding carbamate ester.		3.2310aromatic ether;
carbamate ester;
secondary alcohol
methoxsalen
Methoxsalen: A naturally occurring furocoumarin compound found in several species of plants, including Psoralea corylifolia. It is a photoactive substance that forms DNA ADDUCTS in the presence of ultraviolet A irradiation.. methoxsalen : A member of the class of psoralens that is 7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one in which the 9 position is substituted by a methoxy group. It is a constituent of the fruits of Ammi majus. Like other psoralens, trioxsalen causes photosensitization of the skin. It is administered topically or orally in conjunction with UV-A for phototherapy treatment of vitiligo and severe psoriasis.		3.2310aromatic ether;
psoralens		antineoplastic agent;
cross-linking reagent;
dermatologic drug;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
methyclothiazide
Methyclothiazide: A thiazide diuretic with properties similar to those of HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p825)		3.2310benzothiadiazine
methylphenidate
Methylphenidate: A central nervous system stimulant used most commonly in the treatment of ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER in children and for NARCOLEPSY. Its mechanisms appear to be similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The d-isomer of this drug is referred to as DEXMETHYLPHENIDATE HYDROCHLORIDE.. methylphenidate : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of the two threo isomers of methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hyperactivity disorders in children and for the treatment of narcolepsy.. methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate : A amino acid ester that is methyl phenylacetate in which one of the hydrogens alpha to the carbonyl group is replaced by a piperidin-2-yl group.		3.5820beta-amino acid ester;
methyl ester;
piperidines
metoclopramide
Metoclopramide: A dopamine D2 antagonist that is used as an antiemetic.. metoclopramide : A member of the class of benzamides resulting from the formal condensation of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid with the primary amino group of N,N-diethylethane-1,2-diamine.		3.5820benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
gastrointestinal drug;
xenobiotic
metolazone
Metolazone: A quinazoline-sulfonamide derived DIURETIC that functions by inhibiting SODIUM CHLORIDE SYMPORTERS.. metolazone : A quinazoline that consists of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinazolin-4-one bearing additional methyl, 2-tolyl, sulfamyl and chloro substituents at positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively. A quinazoline diuretic, with properties similar to thiazide diuretics.		3.5820organochlorine compound;
quinazolines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
ion transport inhibitor
metoprolol
Metoprolol: A selective adrenergic beta-1 blocking agent that is commonly used to treat ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; and CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIAS.. metoprolol : A propanolamine that is 1-(propan-2-ylamino)propan-2-ol substituted by a 4-(2-methoxyethyl)phenoxy group at position 1.		3.5820aromatic ether;
propanolamine;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
xenobiotic
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		3.5820C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
metyrapone
Metyrapone: An inhibitor of the enzyme STEROID 11-BETA-MONOOXYGENASE. It is used as a test of the feedback hypothalamic-pituitary mechanism in the diagnosis of CUSHING SYNDROME.. metyrapone : An aromatic ketone that is 3,3-dimethylbutan-2-one in which the methyl groups at positions 1 and 4 are replaced by pyridin-3-yl groups. A steroid 11beta-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.15.4) inhibitor, it is used in the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency.		3.2310aromatic ketoneantimetabolite;
diagnostic agent;
EC 1.14.15.4 (steroid 11beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor
mexiletine
Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.		3.5820aromatic ether;
primary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
miconazole
Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.		2.9740dichlorobenzene;
ether;
imidazoles
midazolam
Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH.. midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively.		3.5820imidazobenzodiazepine;
monofluorobenzenes;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
anxiolytic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
central nervous system depressant;
GABAA receptor agonist;
general anaesthetic;
muscle relaxant;
sedative
midodrine
Midodrine: An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha-1 agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. midodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.		3.2310amino acid amide;
aromatic ether;
secondary alcohol		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
prodrug;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
milrinone
[no description available]		3.5820bipyridines;
nitrile;
pyridone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
minoxidil
Minoxidil: A potent direct-acting peripheral vasodilator (VASODILATOR AGENTS) that reduces peripheral resistance and produces a fall in BLOOD PRESSURE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p371). minoxidil : A pyrimidine N-oxide that is pyrimidine-2,4-diamine 3-oxide substituted by a piperidin-1-yl group at position 6.		3.2310dialkylarylamine;
tertiary amino compound
mirtazapine
Mirtazapine: A piperazinoazepine tetracyclic compound that enhances the release of NOREPINEPHRINE and SEROTONIN through blockage of presynaptic ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It also blocks both 5-HT2 and 5-HT3 serotonin receptors and is a potent HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used for the treatment of depression, and may also be useful for the treatment of anxiety disorders.		3.5820benzazepine;
tetracyclic antidepressant		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
oneirogen;
serotonergic antagonist
mitotane
Mitotane: A derivative of the insecticide DICHLORODIPHENYLDICHLOROETHANE that specifically inhibits cells of the adrenal cortex and their production of hormones. It is used to treat adrenocortical tumors and causes CNS damage, but no bone marrow depression.		3.2310diarylmethane
mitoxantrone
Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.		3.5820dihydroxyanthraquinoneanalgesic;
antineoplastic agent
moclobemide
Moclobemide: A reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase type A; (RIMA); (see MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS) that has antidepressive properties.. moclobemide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression.		2.0410benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
morpholines		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
modafinil
Modafinil: A benzhydryl acetamide compound, central nervous system stimulant, and CYP3A4 inducing agent that is used in the treatment of NARCOLEPSY and SLEEP WAKE DISORDERS.. modafinil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of armodafinil and (S)-modafinil. A central nervous system stimulant, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. The optical enantiomers of modafinil have similar pharmacological actions in animals.. 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide : A sulfoxide that is dimethylsulfoxide in which two hydrogens attached to one of the methyl groups are replaced by phenyl groups, while one hydrogen attached to the other methyl group is replaced by a carbamoyl (aminocarbonyl) group.		3.2310monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfoxide
moxisylyte
Moxisylyte: An alpha-adrenergic blocking agent that is used in Raynaud's disease. It is also used locally in the eye to reverse the mydriasis caused by phenylephrine and other sympathomimetic agents. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1312)		3.2310monoterpenoid
acecainide
Acecainide: A major metabolite of PROCAINAMIDE. Its anti-arrhythmic action may cause cardiac toxicity in kidney failure.. N-acetylprocainamide : A benzamide obtained via formal condensation of 4-acetamidobenzoic acid and 2-(diethylamino)ethylamine.		2.0410acetamides;
benzamides		anti-arrhythmia drug
nabumetone
Nabumetone: A butanone non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor that is used in the management of pain associated with OSTEOARTHRITIS and RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS.. nabumetone : A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.		3.2310methoxynaphthalene;
methyl ketone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
nadolol
[no description available]		3.2310tetralins
nalidixic acid
[no description available]		3.23101,8-naphthyridine derivative;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
naratriptan
naratriptan: structure given in first source		3.5820heteroarylpiperidine;
sulfonamide;
tryptamines		serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
nefazodone
nefazodone: may be useful as an opiate adjunct		3.5820aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazoles		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
nefopam
Nefopam: Non-narcotic analgesic chemically similar to ORPHENADRINE. Its mechanism of action is unclear. It is used for the relief of acute and chronic pain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p26). nefopam : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-nefopam. The hydrochloride is a centrally acting non-opiate analgesic commonly used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain.. 5-methyl-1-phenyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine : A member of the class of benzoxazocines that is 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-1H-2,5-benzoxazocine substituted by phenyl and methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 respectively.		2.0410benzoxazocine;
tertiary amino compound
nevirapine
Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection.		3.5820cyclopropanes;
dipyridodiazepine		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nialamide
Nialamide: An MAO inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent.		3.2310organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
nicardipine
Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.		4.4230benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		4.4230C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
nilutamide
[no description available]		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
imidazolidinone		androgen antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
nimesulide
nimesulide: structure. nimesulide : An aromatic ether having phenyl and 2-methylsulfonamido-5-nitrophenyl as the two aryl groups.		3.2310aromatic ether;
C-nitro compound;
sulfonamide		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nimodipine
Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.		4.42302-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
nisoldipine
Nisoldipine: A dihydropyridine calcium channel antagonist that acts as a potent arterial vasodilator and antihypertensive agent. It is also effective in patients with cardiac failure and angina.. nisoldipine : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nisoldipine. A calcium channel blocker, it is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.. methyl 2-methylpropyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(2-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a methoxycarbonyl group at position 3, an o-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isobutoxycarbonyl group at position 5. The racemate, a calcium channel blocker, is used in the treatment of hypertension and angina pectoris.		3.5820C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester
nitrazepam
Nitrazepam: A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic.. nitrazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one which is substituted at positions 5 and 7 by phenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used as a hypnotic for the short-term management of insomnia and for the treatment of epileptic spasms in infants (West's syndrome).		2.04101,4-benzodiazepinone;
C-nitro compound		anticonvulsant;
antispasmodic drug;
drug metabolite;
GABA modulator;
sedative
nitrendipine
Nitrendipine: A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive.. nitrendipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a 3-nitrophenyl group at position 4, a ethoxycarbonyl group at position 3 and a methoxycarbonyl group at position 5. It is a calcium-channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.		3.6120C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
ethyl ester;
methyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
geroprotector;
vasodilator agent
nitroglycerin
Nitroglycerin: A volatile vasodilator which relieves ANGINA PECTORIS by stimulating GUANYLATE CYCLASE and lowering cytosolic calcium. It is also sometimes used for TOCOLYSIS and explosives.. nitroglycerol : A nitrate ester that is glycerol in which nitro group(s) replace the hydrogen(s) attached to one or more of the hydroxy groups.. nitroglycerin : A nitroglycerol that is glycerol in which the hydrogen atoms of all three hydroxy groups are replaced by nitro groups. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain.		3.2310nitroglycerolexplosive;
muscle relaxant;
nitric oxide donor;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
nizatidine
[no description available]		3.58201,3-thiazoles;
C-nitro compound;
carboxamidine;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
cholinergic drug;
H2-receptor antagonist
nomifensine
Nomifensine: An isoquinoline derivative that prevents dopamine reuptake into synaptosomes. The maleate was formerly used in the treatment of depression. It was withdrawn worldwide in 1986 due to the risk of acute hemolytic anemia with intravascular hemolysis resulting from its use. In some cases, renal failure also developed. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p266). nomifensine : An N-methylated tetrahydroisoquinoline carrying phenyl and amino substituents at positions C-4 and C-8, respectively.		3.5820isoquinolinesdopamine uptake inhibitor
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		3.2310fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nortriptyline
Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.		3.5820organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite
ofloxacin
Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.		3.58203-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxazinoquinoline
omeprazole
Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.		4.4230aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
ondansetron
Ondansetron: A competitive serotonin type 3 receptor antagonist. It is effective in the treatment of nausea and vomiting caused by cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, including cisplatin, and has reported anxiolytic and neuroleptic properties.		3.5820carbazoles
orphenadrine
Orphenadrine: A muscarinic antagonist used to treat drug-induced parkinsonism and to relieve pain from muscle spasm.. orphenadrine : A tertiary amino compound which is the phenyl-o-tolylmethyl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol.		3.2310ether;
tertiary amino compound		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
parasympatholytic
oxaprozin
Oxaprozin: An oxazole-propionic acid derivative, cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is used in the treatment of pain and inflammation associated with of OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and ARTHRITIS, JUVENILE.. oxaprozin : A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.		3.23101,3-oxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid		analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
oxazepam
Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.		3.58201,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
oxiracetam
oxiracetam: structure in first source		2.0410organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
oxybutynin
oxybutynin: RN given refers to parent cpd. oxybutynin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-oxybutynin and esoxybutynin. An antispasmodic used for the treatment of overactive bladder.		3.5820acetylenic compound;
carboxylic ester;
racemate;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
parasympatholytic
aminosalicylic acid
Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.		3.2310aminobenzoic acid;
phenols		antitubercular agent
pamidronate
[no description available]		3.5820phosphonoacetic acid
pantoprazole
Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.		4.4230aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
papaverine
Papaverine: An alkaloid found in opium but not closely related to the other opium alkaloids in its structure or pharmacological actions. It is a direct-acting smooth muscle relaxant used in the treatment of impotence and as a vasodilator, especially for cerebral vasodilation. The mechanism of its pharmacological actions is not clear, but it apparently can inhibit phosphodiesterases and it may have direct actions on calcium channels.. papaverine : A benzylisoquinoline alkaloid that is isoquinoline substituted by methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at position 1. It has been isolated from Papaver somniferum.		3.5820benzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
dimethoxybenzene;
isoquinolines		antispasmodic drug;
vasodilator agent
pemoline
Pemoline: A central nervous system stimulant used in fatigue and depressive states and to treat hyperkinetic disorders in children.. pemoline : A member of the class of 1,3-oxazoles that is 1,3-oxazol-4(5H)-one which is substituted by an amino group at position 2 and by a phenyl group at position 5. A central nervous system stimulant, it was used to treat hyperactivity disorders in children, but withdrawn from use following reports of serious hepatotoxicity.		3.23101,3-oxazolescentral nervous system stimulant
pentamidine
Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.		3.5820aromatic ether;
carboxamidine;
diether		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
calmodulin antagonist;
chemokine receptor 5 antagonist;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor;
trypanocidal drug;
xenobiotic
pentobarbital
Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		3.5820barbituratesGABAA receptor agonist
pentoxifylline
[no description available]		3.5820oxopurine
perhexiline
Perhexiline: 2-(2,2-Dicyclohexylethyl)piperidine. Coronary vasodilator used especially for angina of effort. It may cause neuropathy and hepatitis.		3.2310piperidinescardiovascular drug
perphenazine
Perphenazine: An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROMAZINE.. perphenazine : A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10.		3.5820N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
phenacetin
Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione		2.0410acetamides;
aromatic ether		cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
phenobarbital
Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		3.5820barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.		3.2310aromatic amine
phentermine
Phentermine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to those of DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It has been used most frequently in the treatment of obesity.		3.2310primary amineadrenergic agent;
appetite depressant;
central nervous system drug;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopaminergic agent;
sympathomimetic agent
4-phenylbutyric acid
4-phenylbutyric acid: RN refers to the parent cpd. 4-phenylbutyric acid : A monocarboxylic acid the structure of which is that of butyric acid substituted with a phenyl group at C-4. It is a histone deacetylase inhibitor that displays anticancer activity. It inhibits cell proliferation, invasion and migration and induces apoptosis in glioma cells. It also inhibits protein isoprenylation, depletes plasma glutamine, increases production of foetal haemoglobin through transcriptional activation of the gamma-globin gene and affects hPPARgamma activation.		3.2310monocarboxylic acidantineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
prodrug
moxonidine
moxonidine: structure given in first source		2.0410organohalogen compound;
pyrimidines
pimobendan
pimobendan: produces arterial & venous dilatation in dogs; structure given in first source		2.0410benzimidazoles;
pyridazinone		cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
pindolol
Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.		3.5820indoles;
secondary amine		antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
pioglitazone
Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		3.2310aromatic ether;
pyridines;
thiazolidinediones		antidepressant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug;
PPARgamma agonist;
xenobiotic
piretanide
piretanide: potent inhibitor of chloride transport; structure		2.0410aromatic ether
polythiazide
[no description available]		3.2310benzothiadiazine
duodote
duodote: consists of atropine and pralidoxime chloride; for treating those exposed to organophosphorus-containing nerve agents		3.2310pyridinium ionantidote to organophosphate poisoning;
antidote to sarin poisoning;
cholinergic drug;
cholinesterase reactivator
praziquantel
azinox: Russian drug		3.2310isoquinolines
prazosin
Prazosin: A selective adrenergic alpha-1 antagonist used in the treatment of HEART FAILURE; HYPERTENSION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; RAYNAUD DISEASE; PROSTATIC HYPERTROPHY; and URINARY RETENTION.. prazosin : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine substituted by a furan-2-ylcarbonyl group and a 4-amino-6,7-dimethoxyquinazolin-2-yl group at positions 1 and 4 respectively.		3.5820aromatic ether;
furans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperazines;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
prilocaine
Prilocaine: A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to LIDOCAINE. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry.. prilocaine : An amino acid amide in which N-propyl-DL-alanine and 2-methylaniline have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.		2.0410amino acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide		anticonvulsant;
local anaesthetic
primaquine
Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.		3.5820aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
N-substituted diamine		antimalarial
primidone
Primidone: A barbiturate derivative that acts as a GABA modulator and anti-epileptic agent. It is partly metabolized to PHENOBARBITAL in the body and owes some of its actions to this metabolite.. primidone : A pyrimidone that is dihydropyrimidine-4,6(1H,5H)-dione substituted by an ethyl and a phenyl group at position 5. It is used as an anticonvulsant for treatment of various types of seizures.		3.2310pyrimidoneanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
probenecid
Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.		3.5820benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		uricosuric drug
procainamide
Procainamide: A class Ia antiarrhythmic drug that is structurally-related to PROCAINE.. procainamide : A benzamide that is 4-aminobenzamide substituted on the amide N by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group. It is a pharmaceutical antiarrhythmic agent used for the medical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		3.5820benzamidesanti-arrhythmia drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker
procarbazine
Procarbazine: An antineoplastic agent used primarily in combination with mechlorethamine, vincristine, and prednisone (the MOPP protocol) in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease.. procarbazine : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-[(2-methylhydrazino)methyl]benzoic acid with the amino group of isopropylamine. An antineoplastic chemotherapy drug used for treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma. Metabolism yields azo-procarbazine and hydrogen peroxide, which results in the breaking of DNA strands.		3.2310benzamides;
hydrazines		antineoplastic agent
prochlorperazine
Prochlorperazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used principally in the treatment of NAUSEA; VOMITING; and VERTIGO. It is more likely than CHLORPROMAZINE to cause EXTRAPYRAMIDAL DISORDERS. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p612). prochlorperazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position.		3.5820N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antiemetic;
cholinergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic
procyclidine
Procyclidine: A muscarinic antagonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier and is used in the treatment of drug-induced extrapyramidal disorders and in parkinsonism.. procyclidine : A tertiary alcohol that consists of propan-1-ol substituted by a cyclohexyl and a phenyl group at position 1 and a pyrrolidin-1-yl group at position 3.		3.5820pyrrolidines;
tertiary alcohol		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
muscarinic antagonist
promazine
Promazine: A phenothiazine with actions similar to CHLORPROMAZINE but with less antipsychotic activity. It is primarily used in short-term treatment of disturbed behavior and as an antiemetic.. promazine : A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position.		2.0410phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
promethazine
Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.		3.5820phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
propafenone
Propafenone: An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity.. propafenone : An aromatic ketone that is 3-(propylamino)propane-1,2-diol in which the hydrogen of the primary hydroxy group is replaced by a 2-(3-phenylpropanoyl)phenyl group. It is a class 1C antiarrhythmic drug with local anesthetic effects, and is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias.		3.5820aromatic ketone;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
propantheline
Propantheline: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking.		3.2310xanthenes
propofol
Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.		3.5820phenolsanticonvulsant;
antiemetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
radical scavenger;
sedative
propranolol
Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.		3.5820naphthalenes;
propanolamine;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
anxiolytic drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
human blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
protriptyline
Protriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant similar in action and side effects to IMIPRAMINE. It may produce excitation.		3.2310carbotricyclic compoundantidepressant
pyridostigmine
[no description available]		3.5820pyridinium ion
pyrimethamine
Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds		3.5820aminopyrimidine;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sch 16134
quazepam: structure given in first source		3.2310benzodiazepine
quetiapine
[no description available]		3.2310dibenzothiazepine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
rabeprazole
Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.		4.4230benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
raloxifene
raloxifene : A member of the class of 1-benzothiophenes that is 1-benzothiophene in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 3, and 6 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl, p-[2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethoxy]benzoyl, and hydroxy groups, respectively.		3.23101-benzothiophenes;
aromatic ketone;
N-oxyethylpiperidine;
phenols		bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
ranitidine
[no description available]		2.0410aralkylamine
riluzole
Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.		3.2310benzothiazoles
rimantadine
Rimantadine: An RNA synthesis inhibitor that is used as an antiviral agent in the prophylaxis and treatment of influenza.		3.2310alkylamine
risperidone
Risperidone: A selective blocker of DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS and SEROTONIN 5-HT2 RECEPTORS that acts as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It has been shown to improve both positive and negative symptoms in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA.. risperidone : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.		3.58201,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
rizatriptan
rizatriptan: structure given in first source; RN given refers to benzoate		3.5820tryptaminesanti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
ropinirole
[no description available]		3.2310indolones;
tertiary amine		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
dopamine agonist
salicylsalicylic acid
salicylsalicylic acid: structure. salsalate : A dimeric benzoate ester obtained by intermolecular condensation between the carboxy of one molecule of salicylic acid with the phenol group of a second. It is a prodrug for salycylic acid that is used for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis and also shows activity against type II diabetes.		3.2310benzoate ester;
benzoic acids;
phenols;
salicylates		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
secobarbital
Secobarbital: A barbiturate that is used as a sedative. Secobarbital is reported to have no anti-anxiety activity.. secobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates that is barbituric acid in which the hydrogens at position 5 are substituted by prop-2-en-1-yl and pentan-2-yl groups.		3.2310barbituratesanaesthesia adjuvant;
GABA modulator;
sedative
sibutramine
sibutramine: serotonin and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor; Meridia is tradename for sibutramine hydrochloride		3.2310organochlorine compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-obesity agent;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
sulfadiazine
Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.		3.5820pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
coccidiostat;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
risedronic acid
Risedronic Acid: A pyridine and diphosphonic acid derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and inhibits BONE RESORPTION.		3.5820pyridines
sotalol
Sotalol: An adrenergic beta-antagonist that is used in the treatment of life-threatening arrhythmias.. sotalol : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is substituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and cardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.		3.5820ethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound;
sulfonamide		anti-arrhythmia drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
imatinib
[no description available]		4.4230aromatic amine;
benzamides;
N-methylpiperazine;
pyridines;
pyrimidines		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
vorinostat
Vorinostat: A hydroxamic acid and anilide derivative that acts as a HISTONE DEACETYLASE inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA and SEZARY SYNDROME.. vorinostat : A dicarboxylic acid diamide comprising suberic (octanedioic) acid coupled to aniline and hydroxylamine. A histone deacetylase inhibitor, it is marketed under the name Zolinza for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL).		3.5820dicarboxylic acid diamide;
hydroxamic acid		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
succinylcholine
Succinylcholine: A quaternary skeletal muscle relaxant usually used in the form of its bromide, chloride, or iodide. It is a depolarizing relaxant, acting in about 30 seconds and with a duration of effect averaging three to five minutes. Succinylcholine is used in surgical, anesthetic, and other procedures in which a brief period of muscle relaxation is called for.. succinylcholine : A quaternary ammonium ion that is the bis-choline ester of succinic acid.		3.2310quaternary ammonium ion;
succinate ester		drug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent
sulfamethizole
Sulfamethizole: A sulfathiazole antibacterial agent.. sulfamethizole : A sulfonamide consisting of a 1,3,4-thiadiazole nucleus with a methyl substituent at C-5 and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at C-2.		3.2310sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor
sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.		2.0410isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
sulfasalazine
Sulfasalazine: A drug that is used in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases. Its activity is generally considered to lie in its metabolic breakdown product, 5-aminosalicylic acid (see MESALAMINE) released in the colon. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p907). sulfasalazine : An azobenzene consisting of diphenyldiazene having a carboxy substituent at the 4-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position and a 2-pyridylaminosulphonyl substituent at the 4'-position.		4.2220
sulfathiazole
Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		3.23101,3-thiazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone
Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.		2.0410pyrazolidines;
sulfoxide		uricosuric drug
sulfisoxazole
Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.		2.0410isoxazoles;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
2-(octylamino)-1-[4-(propan-2-ylthio)phenyl]-1-propanol
[no description available]		3.2310alkylbenzene
sumatriptan
Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.		3.5820sulfonamide;
tryptamines		serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen
Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.		2.0410aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antirheumatic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
suramin
Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years.		2.0410naphthalenesulfonic acid;
phenylureas;
secondary carboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antinematodal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
GABA antagonist;
GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist;
purinergic receptor P2 antagonist;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
trypanocidal drug
gatifloxacin
Gatifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used as an ophthalmic solution for the treatment of BACTERIAL CONJUNCTIVITIS.. gatifloxacin : A monocarboxylic acid that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid which is substituted on the nitrogen by a cyclopropyl group and at positions 6, 7, and 8 by fluoro, 3-methylpiperazin-1-yl, and methoxy groups, respectively. Gatifloxacin is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family, that like other members of that family, inhibits the bacterial topoisomerase type-II enzymes.		2.0410N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
temazepam
Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.		3.2310benzodiazepine
temozolomide
[no description available]		3.5820imidazotetrazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
triazene derivative		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
terazosin
Terazosin: induces decreased blood pressure; used in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia		3.5820furans;
piperazines;
primary amino compound;
quinazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent
terbutaline
Terbutaline: A selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. terbutaline : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is catechol substituted at position 5 by a 2-(tert-butylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group.		3.5820phenylethanolamines;
resorcinols		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
thalidomide
Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group.		3.5820phthalimides;
piperidones
thiabendazole
Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate		3.23101,3-thiazoles;
benzimidazole fungicide;
benzimidazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
antinematodal drug
thioridazine
Thioridazine: A phenothiazine antipsychotic used in the management of PHYCOSES, including SCHIZOPHRENIA.. thioridazine : A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position.		4.2220phenothiazines;
piperidines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
thiotepa
Thiotepa: A very toxic alkylating antineoplastic agent also used as an insect sterilant. It causes skin, gastrointestinal, CNS, and bone marrow damage. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), thiotepa may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 11th ed).		3.5820aziridines
ticlopidine
Ticlopidine: An effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation commonly used in the placement of STENTS in CORONARY ARTERIES.. ticlopidine : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group.		3.2310monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
hematologic agent;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tinidazole
Tinidazole: A nitroimidazole alkylating agent that is used as an antitrichomonal agent against TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS; ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA; and GIARDIA LAMBLIA infections. It also acts as an antibacterial agent for the treatment of BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS and anaerobic bacterial infections.. tinidazole : 1H-imidazole substituted at C-1 by a (2-ethylsulfonyl)ethyl group, at C-2 by a methyl group and at C-5 by a nitro group. It is used as an antiprotozoal, antibacterial agent.		3.5820imidazolesantiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
tiopronin
Tiopronin: Sulfhydryl acylated derivative of GLYCINE.		3.2310N-acyl-amino acid
tizanidine
tizanidine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tizanidine : 2,1,3-Benzothiadiazole substituted at C-4 by a Delta(1)-imidazolin-2-ylamino group and at C-4 by a chloro group. It is an agonist at alpha2-adrenergic receptor sites.		3.5820benzothiadiazole;
imidazoles		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
muscle relaxant
tolazamide
Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		3.2310N-sulfonylureahypoglycemic agent;
potassium channel blocker
tolbutamide
Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290). tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position.		3.5820N-sulfonylureahuman metabolite;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin secretagogue;
potassium channel blocker
tolmetin
Tolmetin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS, NON-STEROIDAL) similar in mode of action to INDOMETHACIN.. tolmetin : A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
pyrroles		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
tolnaftate
[no description available]		2.0310monothiocarbamic esterantifungal drug
ultram
2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol : A tertiary alcohol that is cyclohexanol substituted at positions 1 and 2 by 3-methoxyphenyl and dimethylaminomethyl groups respectively.		3.5820aromatic ether;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound
tranexamic acid
Tranexamic Acid: Antifibrinolytic hemostatic used in severe hemorrhage.		3.5820amino acid
trazodone
Trazodone: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used as an antidepressive agent. It has been shown to be effective in patients with major depressive disorders and other subsets of depressive disorders. It is generally more useful in depressive disorders associated with insomnia and anxiety. This drug does not aggravate psychotic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p309). trazodone : An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group.		3.5820monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
triazolopyridine		adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
sedative;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
triamterene
Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema.		3.5820pteridinesdiuretic;
sodium channel blocker
triazolam
Triazolam: A short-acting benzodiazepine used in the treatment of insomnia. Some countries temporarily withdrew triazolam from the market because of concerns about adverse reactions, mostly psychological, associated with higher dose ranges. Its use at lower doses with appropriate care and labeling has been reaffirmed by the FDA and most other countries.		3.5820triazolobenzodiazepinesedative
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		3.2310N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
trihexyphenidyl
Trihexyphenidyl: One of the centrally acting MUSCARINIC ANTAGONISTS used for treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and drug-induced extrapyramidal movement disorders and as an antispasmodic.		3.2310amine
trimethadione
Trimethadione: An anticonvulsant effective in absence seizures, but generally reserved for refractory cases because of its toxicity. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p378). trimethadione : An oxazolidinone that is 1,3-oxazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 5 and 5. It is an antiepileptic agent.		3.2310oxazolidinoneanticonvulsant;
geroprotector
trimethobenzamide
trimethobenzamide: major descriptor (64-84); on-line search BENZAMIDES (64-84); Index Medicus search TRIMETHOBENZAMIDE (64-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. trimethobenzamide : The amide obtained by formal condensation of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid with 4-[2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethoxy]benzylamine. It is used to prevent nausea and vomitting in humans.		3.2310benzamides;
tertiary amino compound		antiemetic
trimethoprim
Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.		3.5820aminopyrimidine;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
diuretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trimetrexate
Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.		3.5820
trimipramine
Trimipramine: Tricyclic antidepressant similar to IMIPRAMINE, but with more antihistaminic and sedative properties.. trimipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant.		3.5820dibenzoazepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
troglitazone
Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.		3.2310chromanes;
thiazolidinone		anticoagulant;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
tyramine
[no description available]		3.2310monoamine molecular messenger;
primary amino compound;
tyramines		EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
delavirdine
Delavirdine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1.. delavirdine : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 5-[(methylsulfonyl)amino]-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid and 4-amino group of 1-[3-(isopropylamino)pyridin-2-yl]piperazine, delavirdine is a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity specific for HIV-1. Viral resistance emerges rapidly when delavirdine is used alone, so it is therefore used (as the methanesulfonic acid salt) with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		4.2220aminopyridine;
indolecarboxamide;
N-acylpiperazine;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
undecylenic acid
undecylenic acid: a fatty acid with a terminal double bond. 10-undecenoic acid : An undecenoic acid having its double bond in the 10-position. It is derived from castor oil and is used for the treatment of skin problems.. undecenoic acid : A C11, straight-chain fatty acid carrying a C=C double bond at any position.		2.0410undecenoic acidantifungal drug;
plant metabolite
urapidil
[no description available]		2.0410piperazines
venlafaxine
venlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group.		3.5820cyclohexanols;
monomethoxybenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
xenobiotic
vigabatrin
[no description available]		3.2310gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
viloxazine
Viloxazine: A morpholine derivative used as an antidepressant. It is similar in action to IMIPRAMINE.		2.0410aromatic ether
ici 204,219
zafirlukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		3.2310carbamate ester;
indoles;
N-sulfonylcarboxamide		anti-asthmatic agent;
leukotriene antagonist
zaleplon
zaleplon: an azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; a hypnotic with less marked effect on psychomotor functions compared to lorazepam. zaleplon : A pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine having a nitrile group at position 3 and a 3-(N-ethylacetamido)phenyl substituent at the 7-position.		3.5820nitrile;
pyrazolopyrimidine		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
central nervous system depressant;
sedative
zolpidem
Zolpidem: An imidazopyridine derivative and short-acting GABA-A receptor agonist that is used for the treatment of INSOMNIA.. zolpidem : An imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine compound having a 4-tolyl group at the 2-position, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethyl group at the 3-position and a methyl substituent at the 6-position.		3.5820imidazopyridinecentral nervous system depressant;
GABA agonist;
sedative
zonisamide
Zonisamide: A benzisoxazole and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a CALCIUM CHANNEL blocker. It is used primarily as an adjunctive antiepileptic agent for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES, with or without secondary generalization.. zonisamide : A 1,2-benzoxazole compound having a sulfamoylmethyl substituent at the 3-position.		3.23101,2-benzoxazoles;
sulfonamide		anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
central nervous system drug;
protective agent;
T-type calcium channel blocker
zopiclone
zopiclone: S(+)-enantiomer of racemic zopiclone; azabicyclo(4.3.0)nonane; a nonbenzodiazepine; one of the so-called of Z drugs (zopiclone, eszopiclone, zolpidem, and zaleplon) for which there is some correlation with tumors; was term of zopiclone 2004-2007. zopiclone : A pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine compound having a 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxyl group at the 5-position, a 5-chloropyridin-2-yl group at the 6-position and an oxo-substituent at the 7-position.		2.0410monochloropyridine;
pyrrolopyrazine		central nervous system depressant;
sedative
cortisone acetate
Cortisone Acetate: The acetate ester of cortisone that is used mainly for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency and in the treatment of many allergic and inflammatory disorders.		3.2310corticosteroid hormone
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.		3.2310mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
prednisolone
Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone.		3.582011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
drug metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
xenobiotic
reserpine
Reserpine: An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use.. reserpine : An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria.		4.2220alkaloid ester;
methyl ester;
yohimban alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
first generation antipsychotic;
plant metabolite;
xenobiotic
cephaloridine
Cephaloridine: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefaloridine : A cephalosporin compound having pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and 2-thienylacetamido side-groups. A first-generation semisynthetic derivative of cephalosporin C.		2.0410beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
phentolamine
Phentolamine: A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease.. phentolamine : A substituted aniline that is 3-aminophenol in which the hydrogens of the amino group are replaced by 4-methylphenyl and 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-ylmethyl groups respectively. An alpha-adrenergic antagonist, it is used for the treatment of hypertension.		3.2310imidazoles;
phenols;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
vasodilator agent
sorbitol
D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).		3.2310glucitolcathartic;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food humectant;
human metabolite;
laxative;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.		3.23102-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine		antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
dextroamphetamine
Dextroamphetamine: The d-form of AMPHETAMINE. It is a central nervous system stimulant and a sympathomimetic. It has also been used in the treatment of narcolepsy and of attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity in children. Dextroamphetamine has multiple mechanisms of action including blocking uptake of adrenergics and dopamine, stimulating release of monamines, and inhibiting monoamine oxidase. It is also a drug of abuse and a psychotomimetic.. (S)-amphetamine : A 1-phenylpropan-2-amine that has S configuration.		3.23101-phenylpropan-2-amineadrenergic agent;
adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
dopaminergic agent;
neurotoxin;
sympathomimetic agent
spironolactone
Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.		3.23103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid lactone;
thioester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
diuretic;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
penicillamine
Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.		3.2310non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
penicillamine		antirheumatic drug;
chelator;
copper chelator;
drug allergen
cysteine
[no description available]		3.2310cysteine zwitterion;
cysteine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite
prednisone
Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.		3.582011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
estrone
Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.		3.231017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
phenolic steroid;
phenols		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
oxandrolone
Oxandrolone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties.		3.231017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
oxa-steroid		anabolic agent;
androgen
penicillin g
Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.		3.5820penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
epitope
pilocarpine
Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine.		3.2310pilocarpineantiglaucoma drug
triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.		3.23102-halophenol;
amino acid zwitterion;
iodophenol;
iodothyronine		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		3.5820C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.		3.2310amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
vincristine
[no description available]		3.5820acetate ester;
formamides;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
drug;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite;
tubulin modulator
physostigmine
Physostigmine: A cholinesterase inhibitor that is rapidly absorbed through membranes. It can be applied topically to the conjunctiva. It also can cross the blood-brain barrier and is used when central nervous system effects are desired, as in the treatment of severe anticholinergic toxicity.		3.2310carbamate ester;
indole alkaloid		antidote to curare poisoning;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
miotic
ethinyl estradiol
Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.		2.041017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
apomorphine
Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use.		3.5820aporphine alkaloidalpha-adrenergic drug;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
emetic;
serotonergic drug
methyltestosterone
Methyltestosterone: A synthetic hormone used for androgen replacement therapy and as an hormonal antineoplastic agent (ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, HORMONAL).. methyltestosterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone bearing a methyl group at the 17alpha position.		3.231017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
enone		anabolic agent;
androgen;
antineoplastic agent
tetrabenazine
9,10-dimethoxy-3-isobutyl-1,3,4,6,7,11b-hexahydro-2H-pyrido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-2-one : A benzoquinolizine that is 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene in which the carbon at position 10a is replaced by a nitrogen and which is substituted by an isobutyl group at position 2, an oxo group at position 3, and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7.		3.2310benzoquinolizine;
cyclic ketone;
tertiary amino compound
cephalothin
Cephalothin: A cephalosporin antibiotic.. cefalotin : A semisynthetic, first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with acetoxymethyl and (2-thienylacetyl)nitrilo moieties at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the core structure. Administered parenterally during surgery and to treat a wide spectrum of blood infections.		2.0410azabicycloalkene;
beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative;
thiophenes		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
kanamycin a
Kanamycin: Antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces kanamyceticus from Japanese soil. Comprises 3 components: kanamycin A, the major component, and kanamycins B and C, the minor components.. kanamycin : Kanamycin is a naturally occurring antibiotic complex from Streptomyces kanamyceticus that consists of several components: kanamycin A, the major component (also usually designated as kanamycin), and kanamycins B, C, D and X the minor components.		3.5820kanamycinsbacterial metabolite
levodopa
Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease		2.0410amino acid zwitterion;
dopa;
L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		allelochemical;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
prodrug
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.		3.2310ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector
cysteamine
Cysteamine: A mercaptoethylamine compound that is endogenously derived from the COENZYME A degradative pathway. The fact that cysteamine is readily transported into LYSOSOMES where it reacts with CYSTINE to form cysteine-cysteamine disulfide and CYSTEINE has led to its use in CYSTINE DEPLETING AGENTS for the treatment of CYSTINOSIS.. cysteamine : An amine that consists of an ethane skeleton substituted with a thiol group at C-1 and an amino group at C-2.		3.2310amine;
thiol		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radiation protective agent
acetylcholine chloride
acetylcholine chloride : The chloride salt of acetylcholine, and a parasympatomimetic drug.		3.2310quaternary ammonium salt
mepazine
mepazine: major descriptor (66-85); on-line search PHENOTHIAZINES (66-85); Index Medicus search MEPAZINE (66-85); RN given refers to parent cpd. pacatal : A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazine has an N-methylpiperidin-4-ylmethyl substituent at the N-10 position.		3.2310phenothiazines
methicillin
Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.		2.0410penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
cloxacillin
Cloxacillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic that is a chlorinated derivative of OXACILLIN.. cloxacillin : A semisynthetic penicillin antibiotic carrying a 3-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxamido group at position 6.		3.2310penicillin allergen;
penicillin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug
calcium acetate
calcium acetate: a principal compound used as phosphate binders in patients with chronic renal failure; used like sevelamer. calcium acetate : The calcium salt of acetic acid. It is used, commonly as a hydrate, to treat hyperphosphataemia (excess phosphate in the blood) in patients with kidney disease: the calcium ion combines with dietary phosphate to form (insoluble) calcium phosphate, which is excreted in the faeces.		3.2310calcium saltchelator
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.		3.2310aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
colchicine
(S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions.		3.5820alkaloid;
colchicine		anti-inflammatory agent;
gout suppressant;
mutagen
mebanazine
mebanazine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.2310benzenes
oxacillin
Oxacillin: An antibiotic similar to FLUCLOXACILLIN used in resistant staphylococci infections.. oxacillin : A penicillin antibiotic carrying a 5-methyl-3-phenylisoxazole-4-carboxamide group at position 6beta.		3.5820penicillinantibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.		2.4420antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
gliotoxin
Gliotoxin: A fungal toxin produced by various species of Trichoderma, Gladiocladium fimbriatum, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicillium. It is used as an immunosuppressive agent.. gliotoxin : A pyrazinoindole with a disulfide bridge spanning a dioxo-substituted pyrazine ring; mycotoxin produced by several species of fungi.		2.0410dipeptide;
organic disulfide;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
pyrazinoindole		antifungal agent;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
proteasome inhibitor
cycloserine
Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis).		3.23104-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion		antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
benziodarone
benziodarone: minor descriptor (75-89); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search BENZOFURANS (68-89) & IODOBENZOATES (74)		3.2310aromatic ketone
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		3.5820beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
mannitol
[no description available]		3.2310mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
cytarabine
[no description available]		3.2310beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrimidine nucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
immunosuppressive agent
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.		3.2310arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
perflutren
Definity: a fluorocarbon-filled ultrasonic contrast agent; Definity is tradename. octafluoropropane : A fluorocarbon that is propane in which all of the hydrogens have been replaced by fluorines.		3.2310fluoroalkane;
fluorocarbon
triamcinolone acetonide
Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.		2.041011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
cyclic ketal;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-allergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
fluoxymesterone
Fluoxymesterone: An anabolic steroid that has been used in the treatment of male HYPOGONADISM, delayed puberty in males, and in the treatment of breast neoplasms in women.		3.231011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
anabolic androgenic steroid;
fluorinated steroid		anabolic agent;
antineoplastic agent
phencyclidine
Phencyclidine: A hallucinogen formerly used as a veterinary anesthetic, and briefly as a general anesthetic for humans. Phencyclidine is similar to KETAMINE in structure and in many of its effects. Like ketamine, it can produce a dissociative state. It exerts its pharmacological action through inhibition of NMDA receptors (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE). As a drug of abuse, it is known as PCP and Angel Dust.. phencyclidine : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine in which the nitrogen is substituted with a 1-phenylcyclohexyl group. Formerly used as an anaesthetic agent, it exhibits both hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects.		2.0410benzenes;
piperidines		anaesthetic;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
psychotropic drug
methsuximide
methsuximide: anticonvulsant effective in petit mal & psychomotor epilepsy; has a number of unpleasant & toxic side effects; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search SUCCINIMIDES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		3.2310organic molecular entity
tromethamine
Tromethamine: An organic amine proton acceptor. It is used in the synthesis of surface-active agents and pharmaceuticals; as an emulsifying agent for cosmetic creams and lotions, mineral oil and paraffin wax emulsions, as a biological buffer, and used as an alkalizer. (From Merck, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1424)		3.2310primary amino compound;
triol		buffer
dichloroacetic acid
[no description available]		2.0410monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		astringent;
marine metabolite
methylprednisolone
Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone.		3.58206-methylprednisolone;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antiemetic;
environmental contaminant;
neuroprotective agent;
xenobiotic
brompheniramine
Brompheniramine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in treatment of allergies, rhinitis, and urticaria.. brompheniramine : Pheniramine in which the hydrogen at position 4 of the phenyl substituent is substituted by bromine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, brompheniramine is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		3.2310organobromine compound;
pyridines		anti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
penicillin v
Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.		3.5820penicillin allergen;
penicillin
isosorbide dinitrate
Isosorbide Dinitrate: A vasodilator used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS. Its actions are similar to NITROGLYCERIN but with a slower onset of action.		3.5820glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
pseudoephedrine
Pseudoephedrine: A phenethylamine that is an isomer of EPHEDRINE which has less central nervous system effects and usage is mainly for respiratory tract decongestion.. pseudoephedrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a methyl group.		3.2310phenylethanolamines;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
bronchodilator agent;
central nervous system drug;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
diethylpropion
Diethylpropion: A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290). diethylpropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone in which one of the hydrogens alpha- to the carbonyl is substituted by a diethylamino group. A central stimulant and indirect-acting sympathomimetic, it is an appetite depressant and is used as the hydrochloride as an anoretic in the short term management of obesity.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
tertiary amine		appetite depressant
benzonatate
benzonatate: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1107. benzonatate : The ester obtained by formal condensation of 4-butylaminobenzoic acid with nonaethylene glycol monomethyl ether. Structurally related to procaine and benzocaine, it has an anaesthetic effect on the stretch sensors in the lungs, and is used as a non-narcotic cough suppressant.		3.2310benzoate ester;
secondary amino compound;
substituted aniline		anaesthetic;
antitussive
ergotamine
Ergotamine: A vasoconstrictor found in ergot of Central Europe. It is a serotonin agonist that has been used as an oxytocic agent and in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. ergotamine : A peptide ergot alkaloid that is dihydroergotamine in which a double bond replaces the single bond between positions 9 and 10.		2.0410peptide ergot alkaloidalpha-adrenergic agonist;
mycotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
oxytocic;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
methylergonovine
Methylergonovine: A homolog of ERGONOVINE containing one more CH2 group. (Merck Index, 11th ed)		3.2310ergoline alkaloid
neostigmine bromide
neostigmine bromide : The bromide salt of neostigmine.		2.0410bromide salt
cinchophen
cinchophen: was heading 1963-94; ACIPHENOCHINOLIUM was see CHINOPHEN 1978-94; use QUINOLINES to search CINCHOPHEN 1966-94		3.2310quinolines
uridine diphosphate glucose
Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.. UDP-alpha-D-glucose : The alpha-anomer of UDP-alpha-D-glucose. It is used in nucleotide sugars metabolism.		2.0410UDP-D-glucosefundamental metabolite
nafcillin
Nafcillin: A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.. nafcillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2-ethoxy-1-naphthoyl)amino group.		3.5820penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
methohexital
Methohexital: An intravenous anesthetic with a short duration of action that may be used for induction of anesthesia.. methohexital : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at N-1 by a methyl group and at C-5 by allyl and 1-methylpent-2-ynyl groups.		3.5820acetylenic compound;
barbiturates		drug allergen;
intravenous anaesthetic
1,3-benzodioxole
1,3-benzodioxole : A benzodioxole consisting of a benzene ring substituted by a the methylenedioxy group.		3.5110benzodioxole
ephedrine
Ephedrine: A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists.. (-)-ephedrine : A phenethylamine alkaloid that is 2-phenylethanamine substituted by a methyl group at the amino nitrogen and a methyl and a hydroxy group at position 2 and 1 respectively.		3.2310phenethylamine alkaloid;
phenylethanolamines		bacterial metabolite;
environmental contaminant;
nasal decongestant;
plant metabolite;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
pirinitramide
Pirinitramide: A diphenylpropylamine with intense narcotic analgesic activity of long duration. It is a derivative of MEPERIDINE with similar activity and usage.		2.0410nitrile
edrophonium bromide
[no description available]		2.0410
aminophylline
Aminophylline: A drug combination that contains THEOPHYLLINE and ethylenediamine. It is more soluble in water than theophylline but has similar pharmacologic actions. It's most common use is in bronchial asthma, but it has been investigated for several other applications.. aminophylline : A mixture comprising of theophylline and ethylenediamine in a 2:1 ratio.		3.2310mixturebronchodilator agent;
cardiotonic drug
azacitidine
Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia.		3.5820N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine;
nucleoside analogue		antineoplastic agent
galantamine
Galantamine: A benzazepine derived from norbelladine. It is found in GALANTHUS and other AMARYLLIDACEAE. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor that has been used to reverse the muscular effects of GALLAMINE TRIETHIODIDE and TUBOCURARINE and has been studied as a treatment for ALZHEIMER DISEASE and other central nervous system disorders.. galanthamine : A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils.		3.5820benzazepine alkaloid fundamental parent;
benzazepine alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		antidote to curare poisoning;
cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
nandrolone decanoate
Nandrolone Decanoate: Decanoic acid ester of nandrolone that is used as an anabolic agent to prevent or treat WASTING SYNDROME associated with severe chronic illness or HIV infection (HIV WASTING SYNDROME). It may also be used in the treatment of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.		3.2310steroid ester
betamethasone
Betamethasone: A glucocorticoid given orally, parenterally, by local injection, by inhalation, or applied topically in the management of various disorders in which corticosteroids are indicated. Its lack of mineralocorticoid properties makes betamethasone particularly suitable for treating cerebral edema and congenital adrenal hyperplasia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p724)		2.041011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-asthmatic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
immunosuppressive agent
dextropropoxyphene
Dextropropoxyphene: A narcotic analgesic structurally related to METHADONE. Only the dextro-isomer has an analgesic effect; the levo-isomer appears to exert an antitussive effect.. propoxyphene : A racemate of the (1R,2R)- and (1S,2R)- diastereoisomers.. dextropropoxyphene : The (1S,2R)-(+)-diastereoisomer of propoxyphene.		3.58201-benzyl-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methyl-1-phenylpropyl propanoatemu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
ketobemidone
ketobemidone: structure		2.0410piperidines
chenodeoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		3.2310bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
4-hydroxybutyric acid
4-hydroxybutyric acid: was an entry term to Sodium Oxybate (74-98). 4-hydroxybutyric acid : A 4-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.23104-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybutyric acid		general anaesthetic;
GHB receptor agonist;
neurotoxin;
sedative
dihydroergotamine
Dihydroergotamine: A 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ERGOTAMINE. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. dihydroergotamine : Ergotamine in which a single bond replaces the double bond between positions 9 and 10. A semisynthetic ergot alkaloid with weaker oxytocic and vasoconstrictor properties than ergotamine, it is used (as the methanesulfonic or tartaric acid salts) for the treatment of migraine and orthostatic hypotension.		3.2310ergot alkaloid;
semisynthetic derivative		dopamine agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic;
serotonergic agonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
medroxyprogesterone
[no description available]		3.231017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
dimenhydrinate
gravinol: has antioxidant and ant-inflammatory activities; structure in first source		3.2310diarylmethane
chlormethiazole
Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors.		2.0410thiazoles
methamphetamine
Methamphetamine: A central nervous system stimulant and sympathomimetic with actions and uses similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. The smokable form is a drug of abuse and is referred to as crank, crystal, crystal meth, ice, and speed.. methamphetamine : A member of the class of amphetamines in which the amino group of (S)-amphetamine carries a methyl substituent.		3.5820amphetamines;
secondary amine		central nervous system stimulant;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
psychotropic drug;
xenobiotic
levocarnitine
(R)-carnitine : The (R)-enantiomer of carnitine.		3.2310carnitineantilipemic drug;
nootropic agent;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
water-soluble vitamin (role)
sulfanilylurea
sulfanilylurea: antimicrobial agent; structure		3.2310benzenes;
sulfonamide
lithium carbonate
Lithium Carbonate: A lithium salt, classified as a mood-stabilizing agent. Lithium ion alters the metabolism of BIOGENIC MONOAMINES in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, and affects multiple neurotransmission systems.		2.0410carbonate salt;
lithium salt		antimanic drug
congo red
Congo Red: An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.. Congo Red : An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0.		2.5120bis(azo) compound
lactulose
[no description available]		3.2310glycosylfructosegastrointestinal drug;
laxative
pamabrom
[no description available]		3.2310
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		3.5820acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
erythromycin
Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.		3.5820cyclic ketone;
erythromycin
levonorgestrel
Levonorgestrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE and about twice as potent as its racemic or (+-)-isomer (NORGESTREL). It is used for contraception, control of menstrual disorders, and treatment of endometriosis.		3.582017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
female contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
lormetazepam
lormetazepam: RN given refers to cpd with specified locant for methyl group; structure given in first source. lormetazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone compound having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position, a 2-chlorophenyl group at the 5-position and a chloro substituent at the 7-position.		2.04101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		sedative
vinblastine
[no description available]		2.4220
diphenoxylate
Diphenoxylate: A MEPERIDINE congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with ATROPINE. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity.. diphenoxylate : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of difenoxin.		3.2310ethyl ester;
nitrile;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amine		antidiarrhoeal drug
ethambutol
Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone.		3.5820ethanolamines;
ethylenediamine derivative		antitubercular agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		3.5820glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		3.2310alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
ibufenac
ibufenac: used in the treatment of rheumatism; also possesses antipyretic properties; minor descriptor (75-84); on-line & Index Medicus search PHENYLACETATES (75-84); RN given refers to parent cpd. ibufenac : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 4-isobutylphenyl group. Although it was shown to be effective in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, the clinical use of ibufenac was discontinued due to hepatotoxic side-effects.		3.2310monocarboxylic acidEC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metylperon
metylperon: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410aromatic ketone
metaxalone
[no description available]		3.2310aromatic ether
spectinomycin
Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis.		3.5820cyclic acetal;
cyclic hemiketal;
cyclic ketone;
pyranobenzodioxin;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
dronabinol
Dronabinol: A psychoactive compound extracted from the resin of Cannabis sativa (marihuana, hashish). The isomer delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is considered the most active form, producing characteristic mood and perceptual changes associated with this compound.. Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol : A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group. The principal psychoactive constituent of the cannabis plant, it is used for treatment of anorexia associated with AIDS as well as nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy.		3.5820benzochromene;
diterpenoid;
phytocannabinoid;
polyketide		cannabinoid receptor agonist;
epitope;
hallucinogen;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic
amiloride
Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705). amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid.		3.2310aromatic amine;
guanidines;
organochlorine compound;
pyrazines		diuretic;
sodium channel blocker
pimozide
Pimozide: A diphenylbutylpiperidine that is effective as an antipsychotic agent and as an alternative to HALOPERIDOL for the suppression of vocal and motor tics in patients with Tourette syndrome. Although the precise mechanism of action is unknown, blockade of postsynaptic dopamine receptors has been postulated. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p403). pimozide : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group.		3.2310benzimidazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound		antidyskinesia agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
benperidol
Benperidol: A butyrophenone with general properties similar to those of HALOPERIDOL. It has been used in the treatment of aberrant sexual behavior. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p567)		2.0410aromatic ketone
dexbrompheniramine
dexbrompheniramine : The (pharmacologically active) (S)-(+)-enantiomer of brompheniramine. A histamine H1 receptor antagonist, it is used (commonly as its maleate salt) for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions, including rhinitis and conjunctivitis.		3.2310brompheniramineanti-allergic agent;
H1-receptor antagonist
chlordesmethyldiazepam
[no description available]		2.0410benzodiazepine
stavudine
Stavudine: A dideoxynucleoside analog that inhibits reverse transcriptase and has in vitro activity against HIV.. stavudine : A nucleoside analogue obtained by formal dehydration across positions 2 and 3 of thymidine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase		3.5820dihydrofuran;
nucleoside analogue;
organic molecular entity		antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
doxifluridine
doxifluridine : A pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside that is 5-fluorouridine in which the hydroxy group at the 5' position is replaced by a hydrogen. It is an oral prodrug of the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil. Designed to circumvent the rapid degradation of 5-fluorouracil by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in the gut wall, it is converted into 5-fluorouracil in the presence of pyrimidine nucleoside phosphorylase.		2.0410organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 5'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
dicloxacillin
Dicloxacillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE.. dicloxacillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl]formyl group.		3.5820dichlorobenzene;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
megestrol
Megestrol: A progestational hormone used most commonly as the acetate ester. As the acetate, it is more potent than progesterone both as a progestagen and as an ovulation inhibitor. It has also been used in the palliative treatment of breast cancer.. megestrol : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is pregna-4,6-diene-3,20-dione substituted by a methyl group at position 6 and a hydroxy group at position 17.		3.231017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent;
appetite enhancer;
contraceptive drug;
progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
streptomycin
[no description available]		3.5820antibiotic antifungal drug;
antibiotic fungicide;
streptomycins		antibacterial drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
antimicrobial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
cladribine
[no description available]		3.5820organochlorine compound;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent
carbenicillin
Carbenicillin: Broad-spectrum semisynthetic penicillin derivative used parenterally. It is susceptible to gastric juice and penicillinase and may damage platelet function.. carbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-2-carboxy-2-phenylacetamido side-chain.		3.5820penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
floxacillin
Floxacillin: Antibiotic analog of CLOXACILLIN.. flucloxacillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-oxazole-4-carboxamido] side-chain.		2.0410penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
clomacran
clomacran: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.2310acridines
beclomethasone dipropionate
beclomethasone dipropionate : A steroid ester comprising beclomethasone having propionyl groups at the 17- and 21-positions.		2.041011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
chlorinated steroid;
corticosteroid;
enone;
glucocorticoid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester		anti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
methenamine hippurate
methenamine hippurate: both parts of molecule contribute to its antibacterial action		3.2310N-acylglycine
olsalazine
olsalazine: cpd with 2 salicylate molecules linked together by an azo bond. olsalazine : An azobenzene that consists of two molecules of 4-aminosalicylic acid joined by an azo linkage. A prodrug for mesalazine, an anti-inflammatory drug, it is used (as the disodium salt) in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.		3.5820azobenzenes;
dicarboxylic acid		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug
terodiline
[no description available]		2.0410diarylmethane
1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyltriazene
1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-3,3-dimethyltriazene: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410
zalcitabine
Zalcitabine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy.. zalcitabine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having cytosine as the nucleobase.		2.0410pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
metocurine iodide
[no description available]		2.0410aromatic ether
sodium thiosulfate
sodium thiosulfate: do not confuse synonym sodium hyposulfite with sodium hyposulfite, synonym for di-Na salt of dithionous acid. sodium thiosulfate : An inorganic sodium salt composed of sodium and thiosulfate ions in a 2:1 ratio.		3.2310inorganic sodium saltantidote to cyanide poisoning;
antifungal drug;
nephroprotective agent
apazone
Apazone: An anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. It also has uricosuric properties and has been used to treat gout.. apazone : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-benzotriazine bearing a dimethylamino substitutent at position 3 and a methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the nitrogens at positions 1 and 2 are both acylated by a carboxy group of propylmalonic acid.		2.0410benzotriazinesnon-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
uricosuric drug
selegiline
Selegiline: A selective, irreversible inhibitor of Type B monoamine oxidase that is used for the treatment of newly diagnosed patients with PARKINSON DISEASE, and for the treatment of depressive disorders. The compound without isomeric designation is Deprenyl.		3.5820selegiline;
terminal acetylenic compound		geroprotector
clemastine
Clemastine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as the hydrogen fumarate in hay fever, rhinitis, allergic skin conditions, and pruritus. It causes drowsiness.. clemastine : 2-[(2R)-1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]ethanol in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group is substituted by a 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-phenylethyl group (R configuration). An antihistamine with antimuscarinic and moderate sedative properties, it is used as its fumarate salt for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, conjunctivitis and in pruritic (severe itching) skin conditions.		3.2310monochlorobenzenes;
N-alkylpyrrolidine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist
cephalexin
Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract.		3.5820beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
isosorbide-5-mononitrate
isosorbide-5-mononitrate: for prevention of angina pectoris; structure given in first source; a Russian drug		2.0410glucitol derivative;
nitrate ester		nitric oxide donor;
vasodilator agent
danazol
Danazol: A synthetic steroid with antigonadotropic and anti-estrogenic activities that acts as an anterior pituitary suppressant by inhibiting the pituitary output of gonadotropins. It possesses some androgenic properties. Danazol has been used in the treatment of endometriosis and some benign breast disorders.		3.231017beta-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		anti-estrogen;
estrogen antagonist;
geroprotector
benomyl
[no description available]		2.0310aromatic amide;
benzimidazole fungicide;
benzimidazoles;
benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide;
carbamate ester		acaricide;
anthelminthic drug;
antifungal agrochemical;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
tubulin modulator
fenclozic acid
fenclozic acid: an analgesic & antipyretic with anti-inflammatory properties; minor descriptor (75-86); on-line & INDEX MEDICUS search THIAZOLES (75-86); RN given refers to parent cpd		3.2310
laxagetten 4,4'-diacetoxydiphenylpyridylemethane
[no description available]		3.2310
daunorubicin
Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.		3.2310aminoglycoside antibiotic;
anthracycline;
p-quinones;
tetracenequinones		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
cephapirin
Cephapirin: Cephalosporin antibiotic, partly plasma-bound, that is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.. cephapirin : A cephalosporin with acetoxymethyl and 2(pyridin-4-ylsulfanyl)acetamido substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is used (as its sodium salt) as an antibiotic, being effective against gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.		2.0410cephalosporinantibacterial drug
fludarabine phosphate
fludarabine phosphate: structure given in first source. fludarabine phosphate : A purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate having 2-fluoroadenine as the nucleobase. A prodrug, it is rapidly dephosphorylated to 2-fluoro-ara-A and then phosphorylated intracellularly by deoxycytidine kinase to the active triphosphate, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP. Once incorporated into DNA, 2-fluoro-ara-ATP functions as a DNA chain terminator. It is used for the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to, or whose disease has progressed during, treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimenas.		3.2310nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
purine arabinonucleoside monophosphate		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
alclofenac
alclofenac: was heading 1975-94 (was see under PHENYLACETATES 1975-90); use PHENYLACETATES to search ALCLOFENAC 1975-94; an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; acts also as an analgesic and an antipyretic. alclofenac : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen links an allyl group to the 4-position of (3-chlorophenyl)acetic acid.A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the UK market in 1979 due to concerns with its association with vasculitis and rash.		3.2310aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		drug allergen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
bromocriptine
Bromocriptine: A semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion.		3.2310indole alkaloidantidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
hormone antagonist
oxyphenisatin
[no description available]		3.2310indoles
fludrocortisone
Fludrocortisone: A synthetic mineralocorticoid with anti-inflammatory activity.		3.231011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
fluorinated steroid;
mineralocorticoid		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug
ursodeoxycholic acid
Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		3.5620bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pregnanolone
Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.		2.04103-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid		human metabolite;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
du-21220
Ritodrine: An adrenergic beta-2 agonist used to control PREMATURE LABOR.. 4-[2-[[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]phenol : A secondary amino compound that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxypropyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl group.		2.0410benzyl alcohols;
polyphenol;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
dexchlorpheniramine
dexchlorpheniramine: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer		3.2310chlorphenamine
ribostamycin
Ribostamycin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial isolated from Streptomyces ribosifidicus.. ribostamycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is 4,6-diaminocyclohexane-1,2,3-triol having a 2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at position 1 and a beta-D-ribosyl residue attached at position 2. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces ribosidificus (formerly S. thermoflavus).		2.0410amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
metabolite
clometacin
clometacin: structure		3.2310N-acylindole
cefazolin
Cefazolin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin analog with broad-spectrum antibiotic action due to inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. It attains high serum levels and is excreted quickly via the urine.. cefazolin : A first-generation cephalosporin compound having [(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]methyl and (1H-tetrazol-1-ylacetyl)amino side-groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		3.5820beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
tetrazoles;
thiadiazoles		antibacterial drug
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.		3.5820penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
timolol
(S)-timolol (anhydrous) : The (S)-(-) (more active) enantiomer of timolol. A beta-adrenergic antagonist, both the hemihydrate and the maleate salt are used in the mangement of glaucoma, hypertension, angina pectoris and myocardial infarction, and for the prevention of migraine.		3.5820timololanti-arrhythmia drug;
antiglaucoma drug;
antihypertensive agent;
beta-adrenergic antagonist
indoramin
Indoramin: An alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist that is commonly used as an antihypertensive agent.		2.0410tryptamines
oxcarbazepine
Oxcarbazepine: A carbamazepine derivative that acts as a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker. It is used for the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES with or without secondary generalization. It is also an inducer of CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A4.. oxcarbazepine : A dibenzoazepine derivative, having a carbamoyl group at the ring nitrogen, substituted with an oxo group at C-4 of the azepeine ring which is also hydrogenated at C-4 and C-5. It is a anticholinergic anticonvulsant and mood stabilizing drug, used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy.		3.2310cyclic ketone;
dibenzoazepine		anticonvulsant;
drug allergen
carbidopa
carbidopa (anhydrous) : 3-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid in which the hydrogens alpha- to the carboxyl group are substituted by hydrazinyl and methyl groups (S-configuration). Carbidopa is a dopa decarboxylase inhibitor, so prevents conversion of levodopa to dopamine. It has no antiparkinson activity by itself, but is used (commonly as its hydrate) in the management of Parkinson's disease to reduce peripheral adverse effects of levodopa.		3.2310catechols;
hydrazines;
monocarboxylic acid		antiparkinson drug;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 4.1.1.28 (aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase) inhibitor
toloxatone
toloxatone: oxazolidinone derivative; psychotropic drug; structure. toloxatone : A racemate consisting of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-toloxatone. It is a reversible monoamine oxidase A inhibitor and antidepressant.. 5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3-methylphenyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one : A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxazolidin-2-one substituted by a 3-methylphenyl group at position 3.		2.0410oxazolidinone;
primary alcohol;
toluenes
moricizine
Moricizine: An antiarrhythmia agent used primarily for ventricular rhythm disturbances.. moricizine : A phenothiazine substituted on the nitrogen by a 3-(morpholin-4-yl)propanoyl group, and at position 2 by an (ethoxycarbonyl)amino group.		3.2310carbamate ester;
morpholines;
phenothiazines		anti-arrhythmia drug
amineptin
amineptin: used in treatment of neuroses with psychoasthenic, anxio-phobic & depressive manifestations; synonym S 1694 refers to HCl; structure. amineptine : A carbocyclic fatty acid that is 5-aminoheptanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulen-5-yl group. A tricyclic antidepressant, it was never approved in the US and was withdrawn from the French market in 1999 due to concerns over abuse, dependence and severe acne.		3.2310amino acid;
carbocyclic fatty acid;
carbotricyclic compound;
secondary amino compound		antidepressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		3.5820azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
pirprofen
pirprofen: anti-inflammatory agent used in therapy of rheumatoid arthritis; prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor; more potent than indomethacin; structure		3.2310pyrroline
sisomicin
Sisomicin: Antibiotic produced by Micromonospora inyoensis. It is closely related to gentamicin C1A, one of the components of the gentamicin complex (GENTAMICINS).		2.0410amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic;
beta-L-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative
amdinocillin
Amdinocillin: An amidinopenicillanic acid derivative with broad spectrum antibacterial action.. mecillinam : A penicillin in which the 6beta substituent is [(azepan-1-yl)methylidene]amino; an extended-spectrum penicillin antibiotic that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2 (PBP2), and is only considered to be active against Gram-negative bacteria.		2.0410penicillinantibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent
tobramycin
Tobramycin: An aminoglycoside, broad-spectrum antibiotic produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. It is effective against gram-negative bacteria, especially the PSEUDOMONAS species. It is a 10% component of the antibiotic complex, NEBRAMYCIN, produced by the same species.. tobramycin : A amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin B lacking the 3-hydroxy substituent from the 2,6-diaminoglucose ring.		2.0410amino cyclitol glycosideantibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
toxin
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		3.5820taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
etoposide
[no description available]		3.5820beta-D-glucoside;
furonaphthodioxole;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
dobutamine
Dobutamine: A catecholamine derivative with specificity for BETA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS. It is commonly used as a cardiotonic agent after CARDIAC SURGERY and during DOBUTAMINE STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY.. dobutamine : A catecholamine that is 4-(3-aminobutyl)phenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl group. A beta1-adrenergic receptor agonist that has cardiac stimulant action without evoking vasoconstriction or tachycardia, it is used as the hydrochloride to increase the contractility of the heart in the management of acute heart failure.		3.2310catecholamine;
secondary amine		beta-adrenergic agonist;
cardiotonic drug;
sympathomimetic agent
ticarcillin
Ticarcillin: An antibiotic derived from penicillin similar to CARBENICILLIN in action.. ticarcillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-[(2R)-2-carboxy-2-thiophen-3-ylacetyl]amino side-group.		2.0410penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
trimazosin
trimazosin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410N-arylpiperazine
penbutolol
Penbutolol: A nonselective beta-blocker used as an antihypertensive and an antianginal agent.		3.2310ethanolamines
ribavirin
Rebetron: Rebetron is tradename		3.58201-ribosyltriazole;
aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
primary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
adinazolam
adinazolam: structure in first source. adinazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a dimethylaminomethyl group at the 1-position, a phenyl group at the 6-position and a chloro substituent at the 8-position.		2.0410triazolobenzodiazepineanticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
sedative
amikacin
Amikacin: A broad-spectrum antibiotic derived from KANAMYCIN. It is reno- and oto-toxic like the other aminoglycoside antibiotics.. amikacin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is kanamycin A acylated at the N-1 position by a 4-amino-2-hydroxybutyryl group.		3.5820alpha-D-glucoside;
amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside;
carboxamide		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
nephrotoxin
tolamolol
[no description available]		2.0410
cephradine
Cephradine: A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic.. cephradine : A first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a methyl substituent at position 3, and a (2R)-2-amino-2-cyclohexa-1,4-dien-1-ylacetamido substituent at position 7, of the cephem skeleton.		3.5820beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
ticrynafen
Ticrynafen: A novel diuretic with uricosuric action. It has been proposed as an antihypertensive agent.. tienilic acid : An aromatic ketone that is 2,3-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid in which the hydrogen at position 4 on the benzene ring is replaced by a thiophenecarbonyl group. A loop diuretic used to treat hypertension, it was withdrawn from the market in 1982 due to links with hepatitis.		3.2310aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antihypertensive agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
loop diuretic
methyldopa
Methyldopa: An alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that has both central and peripheral nervous system effects. Its primary clinical use is as an antihypertensive agent.. alpha-methyl-L-dopa : A derivative of L-tyrosine having a methyl group at the alpha-position and an additional hydroxy group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring.		3.5820L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
antihypertensive agent;
hapten;
peripheral nervous system drug;
sympatholytic agent
ciclopirox olamine
ciclopirox olamine : The ethanolamine salt of ciclopirox. A broad spectrum antigfungal agent, it also exhibits antibacterial activity against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and has anti-inflammatory properties. It is used a a topical treatment of fungal skin and nail infections.		2.0310
tocainide
Tocainide: An antiarrhythmic agent which exerts a potential- and frequency-dependent block of SODIUM CHANNELS.. tocainide : A monocarboxylic acid amide in which 2,6-dimethylphenylaniline and isobutyric acid have combined to form the amide bond; used as a local anaesthetic.		2.0410monocarboxylic acid amideanti-arrhythmia drug;
local anaesthetic;
sodium channel blocker
sulbenicillin
Sulbenicillin: Semisynthetic penicillin-type antibiotic.. sulbenicillin : A penicillin antibiotic having a 6beta-[phenyl(sulfo)acetamido] side-chain.		2.0410penicillin
sq-11725
Nadolol: A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for MIGRAINE DISORDERS and for tremor.. nadolol : Nadolol is a diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of equimolar amounts of the four possible 2,3-cis-isomers of 5-[3-(tert-butylamino)-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,3-diol.		2.0410
diltiazem
Diltiazem: A benzothiazepine derivative with vasodilating action due to its antagonism of the actions of CALCIUM ion on membrane functions.. diltiazem : A 5-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetate in which both stereocentres have S configuration. A calcium-channel blocker and vasodilator, it is used as the hydrochloride in the management of angina pectoris and hypertension.		3.58205-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1,5-benzothiazepin-3-yl acetateantihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
vasodilator agent
vecuronium bromide
Vecuronium Bromide: Monoquaternary homolog of PANCURONIUM. A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over, or alternatives to, other established neuromuscular blocking agents.. vecuronium bromide : The organic bromide salt of a 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidinino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.		2.0410organic bromide salt;
quaternary ammonium salt		muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent;
nicotinic antagonist
vecuronium
vecuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-acetoxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-piperidino- and 16beta-N-methylpiperidinium substituents.		3.2310acetate ester;
androstane;
quaternary ammonium ion		drug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent;
nicotinic antagonist
benoxaprofen
benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.		3.23101,3-benzoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antipsoriatic;
antipyretic;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
nephrotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
protein kinase C agonist
exifone
[no description available]		3.2310benzophenones
mefloquine
(-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-mefloquine : An optically active form of [2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanol having (-)-(11S,2'R)-erythro-configuration. An antimalarial agent, used in racemic form, which acts as a blood schizonticide; its mechanism of action is unknown.		4.2220[2,8-bis(trifluoromethyl)quinolin-4-yl]-(2-piperidyl)methanolantimalarial
meptazinol
Meptazinol: A narcotic antagonist with analgesic properties. It is used for the control of moderate to severe pain.		2.0410azepanes
nitazoxanide
nitazoxanide: a 5-nitrothiazolyl derivative used for a broad range of intestinal parasitic infections including CRYPTOSPORIDIUM and GIARDIA; it is a redox-active nitrothiazolyl-salicylamide prodrug		3.2310benzamides;
carboxylic ester
sufentanil
Sufentanil: An opioid analgesic that is used as an adjunct in anesthesia, in balanced anesthesia, and as a primary anesthetic agent.. sufentanil : An anilide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of 4-(methoxymethyl)-N-phenyl-1-[2-(2-thienyl)ethyl]piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.		3.5820anilide;
ether;
piperidines;
thiophenes		anaesthesia adjuvant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
acarbose
[no description available]		3.2310tetrasaccharide derivativeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent
torsemide
Torsemide: A pyridine and sulfonamide derivative that acts as a sodium-potassium chloride symporter inhibitor (loop diuretic). It is used for the treatment of EDEMA associated with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE; CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY; and LIVER DISEASES. It is also used for the management of HYPERTENSION.. torasemide : An N-sulfonylurea obtained by formal condensation of [(3-methylphenyl)amino]pyridine-3-sulfonic acid with the free amino group of N-isopropylurea. It is a potent loop diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and edema in patients with congestive heart failure.		3.5820aminopyridine;
N-sulfonylurea;
secondary amino compound		antihypertensive agent;
loop diuretic
medroxalol
medroxalol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.0410salicylamides
epirubicin
Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.		3.5820aminoglycoside;
anthracycline antibiotic;
anthracycline;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
p-quinones;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
cefmetazole
Cefmetazole: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmetazole : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having N(1)-methyltetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl, {[(cyanomethyl)sulfanyl]acetyl}amino and methoxy side-groups at positions 3, 7beta and 7alpha respectively of the parent cephem bicyclic structure.		2.0410cephalosporinantibacterial drug
lorcainide
[no description available]		2.0410acetamides
idarubicin
Idarubicin: An orally administered anthracycline antineoplastic. The compound has shown activity against BREAST NEOPLASMS; LYMPHOMA; and LEUKEMIA.		3.5820anthracycline antibiotic;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative
ceforanide
ceforanide: RN given refers to (6R-(trans))-isomer. ceforanide : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with {[1-(carboxymethyl)-1H-tetrazol-5-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and 2-(aminomethyl)phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is effective against many coliforms, including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Proteus, and most strains of Salmonella, Shigella, Hemophilus, Citrobacter and Arizona species.		2.0410cephalosporinantibacterial drug
piperacillin
Piperacillin: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum, AMPICILLIN derived ureidopenicillin antibiotic proposed for PSEUDOMONAS infections. It is also used in combination with other antibiotics.. piperacillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxopiperazin-1-yl)carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.		3.5820penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
paroxetine
Paroxetine: A serotonin uptake inhibitor that is effective in the treatment of depression.. paroxetine : A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo.		3.5820aromatic ether;
benzodioxoles;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
hepatotoxic agent;
P450 inhibitor;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
captopril
Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.		3.5820alkanethiol;
L-proline derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
cefoperazone
Cefoperazone: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that is resistant to beta-lactamase. It may be used to treat Pseudomonas infections.. cefoperazone : A semi-synthetic parenteral cephalosporin with a tetrazolyl moiety that confers beta-lactamase resistance.		3.5820cephalosporinantibacterial drug
atracurium
Atracurium: A non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent with short duration of action. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and its lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination provide clinical advantage over alternate non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents.. atracurium : A diester compound consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxyls bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups.		3.5820diester;
quaternary ammonium ion		muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
moxalactam
Moxalactam: Broad- spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic similar in structure to the CEPHALOSPORINS except for the substitution of an oxaazabicyclo moiety for the thiaazabicyclo moiety of certain CEPHALOSPORINS. It has been proposed especially for the meningitides because it passes the blood-brain barrier and for anaerobic infections.. moxalactam : A broad-spectrum oxacephem antibiotic in which the oxazine ring is substituted with a tetrazolylthiomethyl group and the azetidinone ring carries methoxy and 2-carboxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido substituents.		2.0410cephalosporin;
oxacephem		antibacterial drug
endralazine
BQ 22-708: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410benzamides
pergolide
Pergolide: A long-acting dopamine agonist which has been used to treat PARKINSON DISEASE and HYPERPROLACTINEMIA but withdrawn from some markets due to potential for HEART VALVE DISEASES.. pergolide : A diamine that is ergoline in which the beta-hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by a (methylthio)methyl group and the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is replaced by a propyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist which also has D1 and D2 agonist properties, it is used as the mesylate salt in the management of Parkinson's disease, although it was withdrawn from the U.S. and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valve dysfunction.		3.2310diamine;
methyl sulfide;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
cefadroxil anhydrous
Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		3.5820cephalosporinantibacterial drug
encainide
Encainide: One of the ANTI-ARRHYTHMIA AGENTS, it blocks VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS and slows conduction within the His-Purkinje system and MYOCARDIUM.. encainide : 4-Methoxy-N-phenylbenzamide in which the hydrogen at the 2 position of the phenyl group is substituted by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. A class Ic antiarrhythmic, the hydrochloride was used for the treatment of severe or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, but it was associated with increased death rates in patients who had asymptomatic heart rhythm abnormalities after a recent heart attack and was withdrawn from the market.		2.0410benzamides;
piperidines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
sodium channel blocker
fialuridine
[no description available]		3.2310
cefaclor anhydrous
Cefaclor: Semisynthetic, broad-spectrum antibiotic derivative of CEPHALEXIN.. cefaclor : A cephalosporin bearing chloro and (R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		3.2310cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
pefloxacin
Pefloxacin: A synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria.. pefloxacin : A quinolone that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7 by ethyl, carboxy, fluorine, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups, respectively.		2.0410fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
alfentanil
Alfentanil: A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of FENTANYL. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanil is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.. alfentanil : A member of the class of piperidines that is piperidine having a 2-(4-ethyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)ethyl group at the 1-position as well as N-phenylpropanamido- and methoxymethyl groups at the 4-position.		3.5820monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidines		central nervous system depressant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
peripheral nervous system drug
miglustat
miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group.		3.2310piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor
haloperidol decanoate
[no description available]		3.2310organic molecular entity
cefotetan
Cefotetan: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic that is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The drug is highly resistant to a broad spectrum of beta-lactamases and is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms.. cefotetan : A semi-synthetic second-generation cephamycin antibiotic with [(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]methyl, methoxy and {[4-(2-amino-1-carboxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,3-dithietan-2-yl]carbonyl}amino groups at the 3, 7alpha, and 7beta positions, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. It is resistant to a wide range of beta-lactamases and is active against a broad spectrum of aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.		3.5820
recainam
recainam: structure given in first source		2.0410
1-methylpiperazine
1-methylpiperazine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1710N-methylpiperazine
lovastatin
Lovastatin: A fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Aspergillus terreus. The compound is a potent anticholesteremic agent. It inhibits 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It also stimulates the production of low-density lipoprotein receptors in the liver.. lovastatin : A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom).		3.8430delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
polyketide;
statin (naturally occurring)		anticholesteremic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
prodrug
flupirtine
flupirtine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.0410aminopyridine
tolrestat
tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source		3.2310naphthalenesEC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor
enoximone
Enoximone: A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE.		2.0410aromatic ketone
loceryl
amorolfine: RN given refers to parent cpd. amorolfine : A member of the class of morpholines that is cis-2,6-dimethylmorpholine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a racemic 2-methyl-3-[p-(2-methylbutan-2-yl)phenyl]propyl group. An inhibitor of the action of squalene monooxygenase, Delta(14) reductase and D7-D8 isomerase and an antifungal agent, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) for the topical treatment of fungal nail and skin infections.		2.0310morpholine antifungal drug;
tertiary amino compound		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.3.1.70 (Delta(14)-sterol reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor
simvastatin
Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.		3.2310delta-lactone;
fatty acid ester;
hexahydronaphthalenes;
statin (semi-synthetic)		EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
prodrug
idazoxan
Idazoxan: A benzodioxane-linked imidazole that has alpha-2 adrenoceptor antagonist activity.. idazoxan : A benzodioxine that is 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxine in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 has been replaced by a 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl group.		2.0410benzodioxine;
imidazolines		alpha-adrenergic antagonist
remoxipride
Remoxipride: An antipsychotic agent that is specific for dopamine D2 receptors. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia.		2.0410dimethoxybenzene
balsalazide
balsalazide: a mesalamine 5-aminosalicylate prodrug; 99% of ingested drug remains intact through the stomach and is delivered to and activated in the colon; used for inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis and radiation-induced proctosigmoiditis but avoided in patients with known hypersensitivity reaction to salicylates or mesalamine; structure in first source. balsalazide : A monohydroxybenzoic acid consisting of 5-aminosalicylic acid (mesalazine) linked to 4-aminobenzoyl-beta-alanine via an azo bond.		3.2310
pravastatin
Pravastatin: An antilipemic fungal metabolite isolated from cultures of Nocardia autotrophica. It acts as a competitive inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES).. pravastatin : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin.		3.58203-hydroxy carboxylic acid;
carbobicyclic compound;
carboxylic ester;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol;
statin (semi-synthetic)		anticholesteremic drug;
environmental contaminant;
metabolite;
xenobiotic
cabergoline
Cabergoline: An ergoline derivative and dopamine D2-agonist that inhibits PROLACTIN secretion. It is used in the management of HYPERPROLACTINEMIA, and to suppress lactation following childbirth for medical reasons. Cabergoline is also used in the management of PARKINSON DISEASE.. cabergoline : An N-acylurea that is (8R)-ergoline-8-carboxamide in which the hydrogen attached to the piperidine nitrogen (position 6) is substituted by an allyl group and the hydrogens attached to the carboxamide nitrogen are substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group and an N-ethylcarbamoyl group. A dopamine D2 receptor agonist, cabergoline is used in the management of Parkinson's disease and of disorders associated with hyperprolactinaemia.		3.2310N-acylureaantineoplastic agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist
bambuterol
bambuterol: selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase & acetylcholinesterase. bambuterol : A carbamate ester that is terbutaline in which both of the phenolic hydroxy groups have been protected as the corresponding N,N-dimethylcarbamates. A long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist used in the treatment of asthma, it is a prodrug for terbutaline.		2.0410carbamate ester;
phenylethanolamines		anti-asthmatic drug;
beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
prodrug;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
atomoxetine
atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.		3.5820aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound;
toluenes		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
quinapril
Quinapril: A tetrahydroisoquinoline derivative and ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME inhibitor that is used in the treatment of HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. quinapril : A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		3.2310dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
isoquinolines;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
alpidem
[no description available]		3.2310imidazoles
mifepristone
Mifepristone: A progestational and glucocorticoid hormone antagonist. Its inhibition of progesterone induces bleeding during the luteal phase and in early pregnancy by releasing endogenous prostaglandins from the endometrium or decidua. As a glucocorticoid receptor antagonist, the drug has been used to treat hypercortisolism in patients with nonpituitary CUSHING SYNDROME.		3.23103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
acetylenic compound;
tertiary amino compound		abortifacient;
contraceptive drug;
hormone antagonist;
synthetic oral contraceptive
trospectomycin
trospectomycin: active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae; RN refers to 2R-(2alpha,4abeta,5abeta,6beta,7beta,8beta,9beta,9alpha,9aalpha,10abeta)-(9CI)-isomer		2.0410dioxanes
fosphenytoin
fosphenytoin: structure given in first & second source		3.2310imidazolidine-2,4-dione
ranolazine
Ranolazine: An acetanilide and piperazine derivative that functions as a SODIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and prevents the release of enzymes during MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA. It is used in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS.. N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)propyl]piperazin-1-yl}acetic acid with the amino group of 2,6-dimethylaniline.. ranolazine : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-ranolazine. Used for treatment of chronic angina.		3.2310aromatic amide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
secondary alcohol
finasteride
Finasteride: An orally active 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE inhibitor. It is used as a surgical alternative for treatment of benign PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. finasteride : An aza-steroid that is a synthetic drug for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.		3.58203-oxo steroid;
aza-steroid;
delta-lactam		androgen antagonist;
antihyperplasia drug;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
sematilide
sematilide: RN refers to HCl; structure given in first source		2.0410
esmolol
methyl 3-{4-[2-hydroxy-3-(propan-2-ylamino)propoxy]phenyl}propanoate : A methyl ester that is methyl 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by a 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl group.. esmolol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-esmolol. A cardioselective and short-acting beta1 receptor blocker with rapid onset but lacking intrinsic sympathomimetic and membrane-stabilising properties, it is used as the hydrochloride salt in the management of supraventricular arrhythmias, and for the control of hypertension and tachycardia during surgery. While the S enantiomer possesses all of the heart rate control, both enantiomers contribute to lowering blood pressure.		3.5820aromatic ether;
ethanolamines;
methyl ester;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
clinafloxacin
clinafloxacin: structure given in first source; RN given is for monoHCl		2.0410quinolines
adefovir
adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		3.58206-aminopurines;
ether;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent
loxiglumide
loxiglumide: cholecystokinin receptor antagonist; RN refers to (+-)-isomer; structure in first source		2.0410organic molecular entity
aromasil
[no description available]		3.231017-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sparfloxacin
[no description available]		2.0410fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone
zileuton
[no description available]		3.23101-benzothiophenes;
ureas		anti-asthmatic drug;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
leukotriene antagonist;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clopidogrel
Clopidogrel: A ticlopidine analog and platelet purinergic P2Y receptor antagonist that inhibits adenosine diphosphate-mediated PLATELET AGGREGATION. It is used to prevent THROMBOEMBOLISM in patients with ARTERIAL OCCLUSIVE DISEASES; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; STROKE; or ATRIAL FIBRILLATION.. clopidogrel : A thienopyridine that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an o-chlorobenzyl group, the methylene hydrogen of which is replaced by a methoxycarbonyl group (the S enantiomer). A P2Y12 receptor antagonist, it is used to inhibit blood clots and prevent heart attacks.		3.2310methyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes;
thienopyridine		anticoagulant;
P2Y12 receptor antagonist;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
cidofovir anhydrous
Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.		3.5820phosphonic acids;
pyrimidone		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
photosensitizing agent
tiagabine
Tiagabine: A nipecotic acid derivative that acts as a GABA uptake inhibitor and anticonvulsant agent. It is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY, for refractory PARTIAL SEIZURES.. tiagabine : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid that is (R)-nipecotic acid in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a 1,1-bis(3-methyl-2-thienyl)but-1-en-4-yl group. A GABA reuptake inhibitor, it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of epilepsy.		3.5820beta-amino acid;
piperidinemonocarboxylic acid;
tertiary amino compound;
thiophenes		anticonvulsant;
GABA reuptake inhibitor
mibefradil
Mibefradil: A benzimidazoyl-substituted tetraline that selectively binds and inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, T-TYPE.		2.0410tetralinsT-type calcium channel blocker
topotecan
Topotecan: An antineoplastic agent used to treat ovarian cancer. It works by inhibiting DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE I.. topotecan : A pyranoindolizinoquinoline used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of camptothecin and works by binding to the topoisomerase I-DNA complex and preventing religation of these 328 single strand breaks.		3.5820pyranoindolizinoquinolineantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor
bromfenac
bromfenac: bromfenac sodium is the active cpd; structure in first source. bromfenac : Amfenac in which the the hydrogen at the 4 position of the benzoyl group is substituted by bromine. It is used for the management of ocular pain and treatment of postoperative inflammation in patients who have undergone cataract extraction. It was withdrawn from the US market in 1998, following concerns over off-label abuse and hepatic failure.		3.5820aromatic amino acid;
benzophenones;
organobromine compound;
substituted aniline		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gemcitabine
gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.		3.5820organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
ibutilide
ibutilide: RN & structure in first source; RN refers to the fumarate salt		3.5820benzenes;
organic amino compound
aripiprazole
Aripiprazole: A piperazine and quinolone derivative that is used primarily as an antipsychotic agent. It is a partial agonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT1A and DOPAMINE D2 RECEPTORS, where it also functions as a post-synaptic antagonist, and an antagonist of SEROTONIN RECEPTOR, 5-HT2A. It is used for the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA and BIPOLAR DISORDER, and as an adjunct therapy for the treatment of depression.. aripiprazole : An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders.		3.5820aromatic ether;
delta-lactam;
dichlorobenzene;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolone		drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic agonist
remifentanil
Remifentanil: A piperidine-propionate derivative and opioid analgesic structurally related to FENTANYL. It functions as a short-acting MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and is used as an analgesic during induction or maintenance of general anesthesia, following surgery, during childbirth, and in mechanically ventilated patients under intensive care.. remifentanil : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is methyl piperidine-4-carboxylate in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl group and the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted the nitrogen of N-propanoylaniline.		3.5820alpha-amino acid ester;
anilide;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
piperidinecarboxylate ester		intravenous anaesthetic;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
sedative
atorvastatin
[no description available]		4.2220aromatic amide;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrroles;
statin (synthetic)		environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
lamivudine
[no description available]		3.5820monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
oxacycle;
primary alcohol		allergen;
anti-HBV agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
prodrug
duloxetine
[no description available]		3.2310duloxetine
irinotecan
[no description available]		3.5820carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
valsartan
Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.		3.5820biphenylyltetrazole;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monocarboxylic acid		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ibandronic acid
Ibandronic Acid: Aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION. It is used in the treatment of HYPERCALCEMIA associated with malignancy, for the prevention of fracture and bone complications in patients with breast cancer and bone metastases, and for the treatment and prevention of POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS.		3.5820
ziprasidone
ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone. ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms.		3.58201,2-benzisothiazole;
indolones;
organochlorine compound;
piperazines		antipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
psychotropic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
zanamivir
Zanamivir: A guanido-neuraminic acid that is used to inhibit NEURAMINIDASE.		2.0410guanidinesantiviral agent;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor
zolmitriptan
zolmitriptan: an antimigraine compound; a serotonin (5HT)-1D receptor agonist. zolmitriptan : A member of the class of tryptamines that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the indole ring has been replaced by a [(4S)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group. A serotonin 5-HT1 B and D receptor agonist, it is used for the treatment of migraine.		3.5820oxazolidinone;
tryptamines		anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
emtricitabine
Emtricitabine: A deoxycytidine analog and REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITOR with antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HEPATITIS B viruses. It is used to treat HIV INFECTIONS.. emtricitabine : An organofluorine compound that is 5-fluorocytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl group (2R,5S configuration). It is used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection.		3.2310monothioacetal;
nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidone		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
tasosartan
tasosartan: angiotensin II antagonist; structure given in first source		3.2310biphenyls
tiludronic acid
tiludronic acid: a bone resorption inhibitor; an antihypercalcemic agent; used in the tratment of Paget's disease; used in the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis; structure given in first source		3.2310organochlorine compound
tirofiban
Tirofiban: Tyrosine analog and PLATELET GLYCOPROTEIN GPIIB-IIIA COMPLEX antagonist that inhibits PLATELET AGGREGATION and is used in the treatment of ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME.. tirofiban : A member of the class of piperidines that is L-tyrosine in which a hydrogen attached to the amino group is replaced by a butylsulfonyl group and in which the hydrogen attached to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 4-(piperidin-4-yl)butyl group.		3.5820L-tyrosine derivative;
piperidines;
sulfonamide		anticoagulant;
fibrin modulating drug;
platelet glycoprotein-IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist
capecitabine
Capecitabine: A deoxycytidine derivative and fluorouracil PRODRUG that is used as an ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE in the treatment of COLON CANCER; BREAST CANCER and GASTRIC CANCER.. capecitabine : A carbamate ester that is cytidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine and in which the amino group attached to position 4 is converted into its N-(penyloxy)carbonyl derivative. Capecitabine is a antineoplastic agent used in the treatment of cancers.		3.2310carbamate ester;
cytidines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
prodrug
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit		3.2310adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside		analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent
cisatracurium
cisatracurium: RN refers to (1R-(1alpha,2alpha(1'R*,2'R*)))-isomer. cisatracurium : A diester that is the (1R,1'R,2R,2'R)-diastereoisomer of atracurium, a quaternary ammonium ion consisting of pentane-1,5-diol with both hydroxy functions bearing 3-[1-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolinium-2(1H)-yl]propanoyl groups. The active species in the skeletal muscle relaxant cisatracurium besylate.		2.0410diester;
quaternary ammonium ion		muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
fosinoprilat
fosinoprilat: active phosphinic acid metabolite of prodrug fosenopril, which is activated by esterases in vivo; structure given in first source; binds zinc with phosphinic acid group. fosinoprilat : A phosphinic acid-containing N-acyl derivative of (4S)-cyclohexyl-L-proline. An inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), it is used as the phosphinate ester pro-drug fosinopril for treatment of hypertension and chronic heart failure.		2.0410L-proline derivative;
phosphinic acids		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
trovafloxacin
trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.		3.5820
cefprozil
[no description available]		3.5820cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
efavirenz
efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection.		4.2220acetylenic compound;
benzoxazine;
cyclopropanes;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
nelfinavir
Nelfinavir: A potent HIV protease inhibitor. It is used in combination with other antiviral drugs in the treatment of HIV in both adults and children.. nelfinavir : An aryl sulfide that is used (as its mesylate salt) for treatment of HIV and also exhibits some anticancer properties.		4.2220aryl sulfide;
benzamides;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
phenols;
secondary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
HIV protease inhibitor
fenofibric acid
fenofibric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. fenofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylpropanoic acid substituted by a 4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxy group at position 2. It is a metabolite of the drug fenofibrate.		3.2310aromatic ketone;
chlorobenzophenone;
monocarboxylic acid		drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
plerixafor
plerixafor: a bicyclam derivate, highly potent & selective inhibitor of HIV-1 & HIV-2. plerixafor : An azamacrocycle consisting of two cyclam rings connected by a 1,4-phenylenebis(methylene) linker. It is a CXCR4 chemokine receptor antagonist and a hematopoietic stem cell mobilizer. It is used in combination with grulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells to the perpheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma.		3.2310azacycloalkane;
azamacrocycle;
benzenes;
crown amine;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 antagonist;
immunological adjuvant
amprenavir
[no description available]		4.2220carbamate ester;
sulfonamide;
tetrahydrofuryl ester		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
oseltamivir
Oseltamivir: An acetamido cyclohexene that is a structural homolog of SIALIC ACID and inhibits NEURAMINIDASE.. oseltamivir : A cyclohexenecarboxylate ester that is the ethyl ester of oseltamivir acid. An antiviral prodrug (it is hydrolysed to the active free carboxylic acid in the liver), it is used to slow the spread of influenza.		3.2310acetamides;
amino acid ester;
cyclohexenecarboxylate ester;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
iopamidol
Iopamidol: A non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiological procedures.. iopamidol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-substituted carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and a (2S)-2-hydroxypropanamido group at the 5-position.		2.0410benzenedicarboxamide;
organoiodine compound;
pentol		environmental contaminant;
radioopaque medium;
xenobiotic
histamine phosphate
histamine phosphate : A phosphate salt that is the diphosphate salt of histamine.		3.2310phosphate salthistamine agonist
imipramine n-oxide
imipramine N-oxide: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410dibenzooxazepine
tilbroquinol
[no description available]		3.2310organohalogen compound;
quinolines
bendamustine
[no description available]		3.2310benzimidazoles
droxicam
droxicam: structure given in first source. droxicam : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 2H,5H-[1,3]oxazino[5,6-c][1,2]benzothiazine-2,4(3H)-dione 6,6-dioxide substituted at positions 3 and 5 by pyridin-2-yl and methyl groups respectively. A prodrug of piroxicam, it is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.		3.2310organic heterotricyclic compound;
pyridines		cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prodrug
ebrotidine
ebrotidine: an H2-receptor antagonist and gastric mucosa protector		3.2310sulfonamide
dexloxiglumide
dexloxiglumide: a CCK receptor antagonist; structure given in first source		2.0410glutamic acid derivative
intoplicine
intoplicine: structure in first source		2.0410pyridoindole
repaglinide
[no description available]		3.5820piperidines
telmisartan
Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.		4.4230benzimidazoles;
biphenyls;
carboxybiphenyl		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
dexfenfluramine
Dexfenfluramine: The S-isomer of FENFLURAMINE. It is a serotonin agonist and is used as an anorectic. Unlike fenfluramine, it does not possess any catecholamine agonist activity.. (S)-fenfluramine : The S-enantiomer of fenfluramine. It stimulates the release of serotonin and selectively inhibits its reuptake, but unlike fenfluramine it does not possess catecholamine agonist activity. It was formerly given by mouth as the hydrochloride in the treatment of obesity, but, like fenfluramine, was withdrawn wolrdwide following reports of valvular heart defects.		2.0410fenfluramineappetite depressant;
serotonergic agonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
hexaconazole
2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexan-2-ol : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-hexyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole in which the hydrogens at position 2 of the hexyl chain are replaced by hydroxy and 2,4-dichlorophenyl groups.. hexaconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-hexaconazole. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the 1980s, it is not approved for use within the European Union.		2.1510dichlorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazoles		chelator
ethinyl estradiol-17-sulfate
ethinyl estradiol-17-sulfate: RN given refers to the (17alpha)-isomer		2.0410
9-stearolic acid
9-stearolic acid: structure given in first source. stearolic acid : An octadecynoic acid having its triple bond at position 9.		2.0410octadecynoic acid
ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate
ethinylestradiol-3-sulfate: binds to albumin at 2 sites		2.041017beta-hydroxy steroid;
steroid sulfate		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen
sertraline
Sertraline: A selective serotonin uptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of depression.. sertraline : A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder.		3.2310dichlorobenzene;
secondary amino compound;
tetralins		antidepressant;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
cefcanel
cefcanel: RN given refers to (6R-(6 alpha,7 beta(R*)))-isomer; structure		2.0410
zoledronic acid
Zoledronic Acid: An imidobisphosphonate inhibitor of BONE RESORPTION that is used for the treatment of malignancy-related HYPERCALCEMIA; OSTEITIS DEFORMANS; and OSTEOPOROSIS.. zoledronic acid : An imidazole compound having a 2,2-bis(phosphono)-2-hydroxyethane-1-yl substituent at the 1-position.		3.58201,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
imidazoles		bone density conservation agent
epristeride
epristeride: structure given in first source		2.0410steroid acid
talinolol
[no description available]		2.0410ureas
denaverine
denaverine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410diarylmethane
acamprosate
Acamprosate: Structural analog of taurine that is used for the prevention of relapse in individuals with ALCOHOLISM.. acamprosate : An organosulfonic acid that is propane-1-sulfonic acid substituted by an acetylamino group at position 3.		3.2310acetamides;
organosulfonic acid		environmental contaminant;
neurotransmitter agent;
xenobiotic
isaxonine
isaxonine: promotes nerve growth		3.2310aminopyrimidine
diprafenone
diprafenone: structure given in first source		2.0410aromatic compound
nebivolol
2,2'-iminobis[1-(6-fluoro-3,4-dihydro-2H-chromen-2-yl)ethanol] : A member of the class of chromanes that is 2,2'-iminodiethanol in which one hydrogen attached to each hydroxy-bearing carbon is replaced by a 6-fluorochroman-2-yl group.		3.5820chromanes;
diol;
organofluorine compound;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
uk 68798
[no description available]		3.5820aromatic ether;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
potassium channel blocker
ljc 10627
biapenem: structure given in first source. biapenem : A carbapenem antibiotic in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and pyrazolo[1,2-a][1,2,4]triazolium-6-ylthio substituents respectively.		2.0410carbapenems;
organic sulfide;
pyrazolotriazole		antibacterial drug
hp 873
iloperidone: an atypical, negative symptom antipsychotic agent. iloperidone : A member of the class of piperidines that is the 4-acetyl-2-methoxyphenyl ether of 3-(piperidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol which is substituted at position 4 of the piperidine ring by a 6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl group. A member of the group of second generation antipsychotics (also known as an atypical antipsychotics), it is used for the treatment of schizophrenia.		3.23101,2-benzoxazoles;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
methyl ketone;
monoamine;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		dopaminergic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist
dexrazoxane
Dexrazoxane: The (+)-enantiomorph of razoxane.		3.5820razoxaneantineoplastic agent;
cardiovascular drug;
chelator;
immunosuppressive agent
fenoxypropazine
[no description available]		3.2310aromatic ether
voriconazole
Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.		7.09400conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
pyrimidines;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		P450 inhibitor
betamipron
[no description available]		2.0410organonitrogen compound;
organooxygen compound
bufuralol
bufuralol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.0410benzofurans
aceclofenac
[no description available]		3.2310amino acid;
carboxylic ester;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
nitrefazole
[no description available]		3.2310imidazoles
panipenem
panipenem: synthetic cpd; structure given in first source		2.0410organic molecular entity
perindoprilat
perindoprilat : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of N-[(1S)-1-carboxyethyl]-L-norvaline with the amino group of (2S,3aS,7aS)-octahydroindole-2-carboxylic acid. The major active metabolite of perindopril.		2.0410dicarboxylic acid;
dipeptide;
L-alanine derivative;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antihypertensive agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
7-hydroxystaurosporine
[no description available]		2.0410
methotrimeprazine
Methotrimeprazine: A phenothiazine with pharmacological activity similar to that of both CHLORPROMAZINE and PROMETHAZINE. It has the histamine-antagonist properties of the antihistamines together with CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM effects resembling those of chlorpromazine. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p604). methotrimeprazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a (2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group and a methoxy group at positions 10 and 2 respectively.		2.0410phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug;
serotonergic antagonist
9-aminocamptothecin
[no description available]		2.0410pyranoindolizinoquinoline
sch 34343
Sch 34343: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (5R-(5alpha,6alpha))-isomer		2.0410
squalamine
squalamine: from dogfish shark Squalus acanthias; structure given in first source		2.0410bile acid
doripenem
Doripenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of infections such as HOSPITAL-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA, and complicated intra-abdominal or urinary-tract infections, including PYELONEPHRITIS.		3.2310carbapenems
prochloraz
Mirage: a feldspathic porcelain that can be etched & bonded to the tooth. prochloraz : A member of the class of ureas that is 1H-imidazole-1-carboxamide substituted by a propyl and a 2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy)ethyl group at the amino nitrogen atom. A fungicide active against a wide range of diseases affecting field crops, fruit, turf and vegetables.		2.0310amide fungicide;
aromatic ether;
conazole fungicide;
imidazole fungicide;
imidazoles;
trichlorobenzene;
ureas		antifungal agrochemical;
EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
atovaquone
Atovaquone: A hydroxynaphthoquinone that has antimicrobial activity and is being used in antimalarial protocols.. atovaquone : A naphthoquinone compound having a 4-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclohexyl group at the 2-position and a hydroxy substituent at the 3-position.		4.4230hydroxy-1,2-naphthoquinone
rivastigmine
[no description available]		3.5820carbamate ester;
tertiary amino compound		cholinergic drug;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
frovatriptan
[no description available]		3.5820carbazoles
eletriptan
eletriptan: 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist; structure in first source. eletriptan : An N-alkylpyrrolidine, that is N-methylpyrrolidine in which the pro-R hydrogen at position 2 is replaced by a {5-[2-(phenylsulfonyl)ethyl]-1H-indol-3-yl}methyl group.		3.5820indoles;
N-alkylpyrrolidine;
sulfone		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
rosiglitazone
[no description available]		3.5820aminopyridine;
thiazolidinediones		EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
insulin-sensitizing drug
bexarotene
[no description available]		3.2310benzoic acids;
naphthalenes;
retinoid		antineoplastic agent
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		3.5820macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
tebuconazole
Lynx: A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising felines with long legs, ear tufts, and a short tail.. 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol : A tertiary alcohol that is pentan-3-ol substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl, methyl, methyl, and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl at positions 1, 4, 4 and 3 respectively.. tebuconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tebuconazole. A fungicide effective against various smut and bunt diseases in cereals and other field crops.		2.0310monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary alcohol;
triazoles
spiroxamine
spiroxamine: structure in first source. spiroxamine : The spiroketal resulting from the formal condensation of 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone with 3-[ethyl(propyl)amino]propane-1,2-diol. An inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis, it is a broad spectrum agricultural fungicide used particularly against powdery mildew in the production of cereals, bananas and grapes.		2.0310dioxolane;
spiroketal;
tertiary amino compound		antifungal agrochemical;
environmental contaminant;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
cyprodinil
cyprodinil: structure in first source. cyprodinil : A member of the class of aminopyrimidine that is N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine carrying additional cyclopropyl and methyl substituents at positions 4 and 6 respectively. A broad spectrum fungicide used to control a range of pathogens including Tapesia yallundae, Botrytis spp., Alternaria spp. and Rhynchospium secalis. Whilst it is a recognised irritant no serious human health concerns have been identified. It is moderately toxic to birds as well as most aquatic organisms and earthworms, but it is not considered toxic to honeybees.		2.0310aminopyrimidine;
anilinopyrimidine fungicide;
cyclopropanes;
secondary amino compound		antifungal agrochemical;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
fludioxonil
fludioxonil: structure in first source. fludioxonil : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole substituted at position 4 by a 3-cyanopyrrol-4-yl group. A fungicide seed treatment for control of a range of diseases including Fusarium, Rhizoctonia and Alternaria.		2.0310benzodioxoles;
nitrile;
organofluorine compound;
pyrroles		androgen antagonist;
antifungal agrochemical;
estrogen receptor agonist
nicotine
(S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.		2.04103-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridineanxiolytic drug;
biomarker;
immunomodulator;
mitogen;
neurotoxin;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
phytogenic insecticide;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent;
xenobiotic
moexipril
[no description available]		3.2310peptide
mci 9038
[no description available]		3.5820peptide
lopinavir
[no description available]		3.5110amphetamines;
dicarboxylic acid diamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
fenpropimorph
[no description available]		2.0310alkylbenzene
fulvestrant
Fulvestrant: An estradiol derivative and estrogen receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.. fulvestrant : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is 17beta-estradiol in which the 7alpha hydrogen has been replaced by a nonyl group in which one of the hydrogens of the terminal methyl has been replaced by a (4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)sulfinyl group. An estrogen receptor antagonist, it is used in the treatment of breast cancer.		3.231017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		antineoplastic agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist
imipenem, anhydrous
Imipenem: Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. Clinical studies have demonstrated high efficacy in the treatment of infections of various body systems. Its effectiveness is enhanced when it is administered in combination with CILASTATIN, a renal dipeptidase inhibitor.. imipenem : A broad-spectrum, intravenous beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem subgroup.		2.0410beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
carbapenems;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug
bosentan anhydrous
Bosentan: A sulfonamide and pyrimidine derivative that acts as a dual endothelin receptor antagonist used to manage PULMONARY HYPERTENSION and SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS.		3.5820primary alcohol;
pyrimidines;
sulfonamide		antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
perindopril
Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline		3.2310alpha-amino acid ester;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
asulacrine
asulacrine: derivative of amsacrine; structure given in first source		2.0410acridines
hydroxycotinine
hydroxycotinine: metabolite of nicotine; RN given refers to (S)-isomer; structure. trans-3-hydroxycotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is cotinine substituted at position C-3 by a hydroxy group (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).		2.0410N-alkylpyrrolidine;
pyridines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
pyrrolidine alkaloid
quinaprilat
quinaprilat: metabolite of quinapril. quinaprilat : A dicarboxylic acid resulting from the hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group of quinapril to give the corresponding dicarboxylic acid. The active angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) of the prodrug quinapril.		2.0410dicarboxylic acid;
isoquinolines;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
2-hydroxyimipramine
2-hydroxyimipramine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0410dibenzoazepine
ecteinascidin 743
[no description available]		2.0410acetate ester;
azaspiro compound;
bridged compound;
hemiaminal;
isoquinoline alkaloid;
lactone;
organic heteropolycyclic compound;
organic sulfide;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
tertiary amino compound		alkylating agent;
angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
marine metabolite
tadalafil
[no description available]		3.2310benzodioxoles;
pyrazinopyridoindole		EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
paliperidone
3-{2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl}-9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one : A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 9-hydroxy-2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2.. paliperidone : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone. Paliperidone is the primary active metabolite of the older antipsychotic risperidone and is used for treatment of schizophrenia.		3.23101,2-benzoxazoles;
heteroarylpiperidine;
organofluorine compound;
pyridopyrimidine;
secondary alcohol
nitisinone
[no description available]		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
cyclohexanones;
mesotrione		EC 1.13.11.27 (4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) inhibitor
clofarabine
[no description available]		3.2310adenosines;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
pramipexole
Pramipexole: A benzothiazole derivative and dopamine agonist with antioxidant properties that is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE and RESTLESS LEGS SYNDROME.. pramipexole : A member of the class of benzothiazoles that is 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1,3-benzothiazole in which the hydrogens at the 2 and 6-pro-S-positions are substituted by amino and propylamino groups, respectively.		3.2310benzothiazoles;
diamine		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
dopamine agonist;
radical scavenger
valdecoxib
[no description available]		3.2310isoxazoles;
sulfonamide		antipyretic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
almotriptan
almotriptan : An indole compound having a 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl group at the 3-position and a (pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)methyl group at the 5-position.		3.5820indoles;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amine		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
mk 0663
[no description available]		2.0410bipyridines;
organochlorine compound;
sulfone		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
gefitinib
[no description available]		4.4230aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
morpholines;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
desloratadine
desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.		3.2310benzocycloheptapyridineanti-allergic agent;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug metabolite;
H1-receptor antagonist
desvenlafaxine
O-desmethylvenlafaxine : A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl group. It is a metabolite of the drug venlafaxine.		3.2310cyclohexanols;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant;
drug metabolite;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
methotrexate
[no description available]		3.5820dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
tamsulosin
[no description available]		3.58205-(2-{[2-(2-ethoxyphenoxy)ethyl]amino}propyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamidealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antineoplastic agent
rufinamide
rufinamide: for treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome; structure in first source		3.2310aromatic amide;
heteroarene
sulbactam
[no description available]		2.0410penicillanic acids
olmesartan medoxomil
Olmesartan Medoxomil: An ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to manage HYPERTENSION.		3.2310biphenyls
dexpanthenol
dexpanthenol: The alcohol of pantothenic acid		3.2310amino alcohol;
monocarboxylic acid amide		cholinergic drug;
provitamin
fosamprenavir
fosamprenavir: a prodrug of the protease inhibitor amprenavir. fosamprenavir : A sulfonamide with a structure based on that of sulfanilamide substituted on the sulfonamide nitrogen by a (2R,3S)-4-phenyl-2-(phosphonooxy)-3-({[(3S)-tetrahydrofuran-3-yloxy]carbonyl}amino)butyl group. It is a pro-drug of the HIV protease inhibitor and antiretroviral drug amprenavir.		3.2310sulfonamideprodrug
febuxostat
Febuxostat: A thiazole derivative and inhibitor of XANTHINE OXIDASE that is used for the treatment of HYPERURICEMIA in patients with chronic GOUT.. febuxostat : A 1,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid that is 4-methyl-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid which is substituted by a 3-cyano-4-(2-methylpropoxy)phenyl group at position 2. It is an orally-active, potent, and selective xanthine oxidase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic hyperuricaemia in patients with gout.		4.22201,3-thiazolemonocarboxylic acid;
aromatic ether;
nitrile		EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor
dilevalol
(R,R)-labetalol : A 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide that has 1R,2R-configuration.		2.04102-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide
escitalopram
Escitalopram: S-enantiomer of CITALOPRAM. Belongs to a class of drugs known as SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS, used to treat depression and generalized anxiety disorder.. escitalopram : A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram.		3.23101-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrileantidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin
10-propargyl-10-deazaaminopterin: structure in first source. pralatrexate : A pteridine that is the N-4-[1-(2,4-diaminopteridin-6-yl)pent-4-yn-2-yl]benzoyl derivative of L-glutamic acid. Used for treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma, an aggressive form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma.		3.2310N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pteridines;
terminal acetylenic compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
docetaxel
[no description available]		2.0410hydrate;
secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antineoplastic agent
docetaxel anhydrous
Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.2310secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
irofulven
irofulven: structure in first source		2.0410cyclohexenones
atazanavir
atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).		4.2220carbohydrazideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
ym 872
YM 872: structure in first source		2.0410
levofloxacin
Levofloxacin: The L-isomer of Ofloxacin.. levofloxacin : An optically active form of ofloxacin having (S)-configuration; an inhibitor of bacterial topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase.		3.58209-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
ezetimibe
Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS.. ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer).		3.2310azetidines;
beta-lactam;
organofluorine compound		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite
ertapenem
Ertapenem: A carbapenem derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial infections including intra-abdominal infections, acute gynecological infections, complicated urinary tract infections, skin infections, and respiratory tract infections. It is also used to prevent infection in colorectal surgery.. ertapenem : Meropenem in which the one of the two methyl groups attached to the amide nitrogen is replaced by hydrogen while the other is replaced by a 3-carboxyphenyl group. The sodium salt is used for the treatment of moderate to severe susceptible infections including intra-abdominal and acute gynaecological infections, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and of the urinary tract.		3.5820carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial drug
dx 8951
[no description available]		2.0410pyranoindolizinoquinoline
cox 189
lumiracoxib: a COX-2 inhibitor. lumiracoxib : An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity.		3.2310amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
secondary amino compound		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cilomilast
[no description available]		2.0410methoxybenzenes
conivaptan
conivaptan : The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 4-[(biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]benzoic acid with the benzazepine nitrogen of 2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepine. It is an antagonist for two of the three types of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors, V1a and V2. It is used as its hydrochloride salt for the treatment of hyponatraemia (low blood sodium levels) caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).		3.5820benzazepineaquaretic;
vasopressin receptor antagonist
tezosentan
tezosentan: structure in first source		2.0410
sabarubicin
sabarubicin: structure given in first source		2.0410
moxifloxacin
Moxifloxacin: A fluoroquinolone that acts as an inhibitor of DNA TOPOISOMERASE II and is used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.. moxifloxacin : A quinolone that consists of 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid bearing a cyclopropyl substituent at position 1, a fluoro substitiuent at position 6, a (4aS,7aS)-octahydro-6H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl group at position 7 and a methoxy substituent at position 8. A member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents.		3.5820aromatic ether;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
pyrrolidinopiperidine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug
pralnacasan
pralnacasan: NSAID, ICE inhibitor & metastasis inhibitor; RN & structure in first source		3.2310
clevidipine
clevidipine: a calcium channel blocker and antihypertensive agent; structure in first source		3.5820dihydropyridine
solifenacin
[no description available]		3.5820isoquinolines
dexmethylphenidate
dexmethylphenidate : A methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetate in which both stereocentres have R configuration. It is the active enantiomer in the racemic drug methylphenidate.		3.2310methyl phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)acetateadrenergic agent
xamoterol
Xamoterol: A phenoxypropanolamine derivative that is a selective beta-1-adrenergic agonist.		2.0410morpholines
naproxen
Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.		3.2310methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
cinacalcet
cinacalcet : A secondary amino compound that is (1R)-1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanamine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]propyl group.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
naphthalenes;
secondary amino compound		calcimimetic;
P450 inhibitor
lubiprostone
[no description available]		3.2310
telbivudine
[no description available]		3.2310pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
abanoquil
[no description available]		2.0410
paromomycin
Paromomycin: An aminoglycoside antibacterial and antiprotozoal agent produced by species of STREPTOMYCES.. paromomycin : An amino cyclitol glycoside that is the 1-O-(2-amino-2-deoxy-alpha-D-glucopyranoside) and the 3-O-(2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-beta-L-idopyranosyl)-beta-D-ribofuranoside of 4,6-diamino-2,3-dihydroxycyclohexane (the 1R,2R,3S,4R,6S diastereoisomer). It is obtained from various Streptomyces species. A broad-spectrum antibiotic, it is used (generally as the sulfate salt) for the treatment of acute and chronic intestinal protozoal infections, but is not effective for extraintestinal protozoal infections. It is also used as a therapeutic against visceral leishmaniasis.		3.2310amino cyclitol glycoside;
aminoglycoside antibiotic		anthelminthic drug;
antibacterial drug;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug
anidulafungin
Anidulafungin: Echinocandin antifungal agent that is used in the treatment of CANDIDEMIA and CANDIDIASIS.. anidulafungin : A semisynthetic echinocandin anti-fungal drug. It is active against Aspergillus and Candida species and is used for the treatment of invasive candidiasis.		6.7410antibiotic antifungal drug;
azamacrocycle;
echinocandin;
heterodetic cyclic peptide;
semisynthetic derivative
17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate
17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: Hydroxyprogesterone derivative that acts as a PROGESTIN and is used to reduce the risk of recurrent MISCARRIAGE and of PREMATURE BIRTH. It is also used in combination with ESTROGEN in the management of MENSTRUATION DISORDERS.		3.2310corticosteroid hormone
varenicline
Varenicline: A benzazepine derivative that functions as an ALPHA4-BETA2 NICOTINIC RECEPTOR partial agonist. It is used for SMOKING CESSATION.. varenicline : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that acts as a partial agonist for nicotinic cholinergic receptors and is used (in the form of its tartate salt) as an aid to giving up smoking.		3.2310
fiduxosin
fiduxosin: fiduxosin (ABT-980) is the (3aR,9bR)-isomer; structure in first source		3.2310
atropine
tropan-3alpha-yl 3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoate : A tropane alkaloid that is (1R,5)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane substituted by a (3-hydroxy-2-phenylpropanoyl)oxy group at position 3.		3.5820
ropivacaine
Ropivacaine: An anilide used as a long-acting local anesthetic. It has a differential blocking effect on sensory and motor neurons.. ropivacaine : The piperidinecarboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline.. (S)-ropivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide-based amide-type local anaesthetic (amide caine) in which (S)-N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline are combined to form the amide bond.		2.0410piperidinecarboxamide;
ropivacaine		local anaesthetic
erlotinib
[no description available]		4.2220aromatic ether;
quinazolines;
secondary amino compound;
terminal acetylenic compound		antineoplastic agent;
epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist;
protein kinase inhibitor
melagatran
[no description available]		2.0410azetidines;
carboxamidine;
dicarboxylic acid monoamide;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
secondary amino compound		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
serine protease inhibitor
etravirine
[no description available]		3.2310aminopyrimidine;
aromatic ether;
dinitrile;
organobromine compound		antiviral agent;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
dronedarone
Dronedarone: A non-iodinated derivative of amiodarone that is used for the treatment of ARRHYTHMIA.. dronedarone : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias.		3.23101-benzofurans;
aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
tesaglitazar
tesaglitazar: structure in first source		2.0410
ramelteon
ramelteon: melatonin MT1/MT2 receptor agonist		3.2310indanes
lapatinib
[no description available]		4.2220furans;
organochlorine compound;
organofluorine compound;
quinazolines		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
darunavir
Darunavir: An HIV PROTEASE INHIBITOR that is used in the treatment of AIDS and HIV INFECTIONS. Due to the emergence of ANTIVIRAL DRUG RESISTANCE when used alone, it is administered in combination with other ANTI-HIV AGENTS.. darunavir : An N,N-disubstituted benzenesulfonamide bearing an unsubstituted amino group at the 4-position, used for the treatment of HIV infection. A second-generation HIV protease inhibitor, darunavir was designed to form robust interactions with the protease enzyme from many strains of HIV, including those from treatment-experienced patients with multiple resistance mutations to other protease inhibitors.		3.2310carbamate ester;
furofuran;
sulfonamide		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
deferasirox
Deferasirox: A triazole and benzoate derivative that acts as a selective iron chelator. It is used in the management of chronic IRON OVERLOAD due to blood transfusion or non-transfusion dependent THALASSEMIA.. deferasirox : A member of the class of triazoles, deferasirox is 1,2,4-triazole substituted by a 4-carboxyphenyl group at position 1 and by 2-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 5. An orally active iron chelator, it is used to manage chronic iron overload in patients receiving long-term blood transfusions.		3.2310benzoic acids;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols;
triazoles		iron chelator
bms204352
BMS204352: a calcium-sensitive opener of maxi-K potassium channels; structure in first source		2.0410
fosfluconazole
fosfluconazole: prodrug of fluconazole		2.0410conazole antifungal drug;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		prodrug
tbc-11251
sitaxsentan: endothelin A receptor antagonist; structure in first source		3.2310benzodioxoles
tolvaptan
[no description available]		3.2310benzazepine;
benzenedicarboxamide		aquaretic;
vasopressin receptor antagonist
sorafenib
[no description available]		4.2220(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
lenalidomide
[no description available]		3.2310aromatic amine;
dicarboximide;
isoindoles;
piperidones		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
immunomodulator
l 778,123
L-778,123 (free base) : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1H-imidazole substituted by (4-cyanophenyl)methyl and [4-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-oxopiperazin-1-yl]methyl groups at positions 1 and 5, respectively. It is a dual inhibitor of FPTase and GGPTase-I.		210imidazoles;
monochlorobenzenes;
nitrile;
piperazinone;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.59 (protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I) inhibitor
regadenoson
[no description available]		3.2310purine nucleoside
lacosamide
Lacosamide: An acetamide derivative that acts as a blocker of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. It is used as an anticonvulsant, for adjunctive or monotherapy, in the treatment of PARTIAL SEIZURES.		3.2310N-acyl-amino acid
cp 101,606
traxoprodil mesylate: a selective NMDA antagonist; structure given in first source		2.0410
6-octadecynoic acid
6-octadecynoic acid: from the roots of Pentagonia gigantifolia; structure in first source. tariric acid : An octadecynoic acid having its triple bond at position 6.		2.0410octadecynoic acid
vincaleukoblastine
[no description available]		3.2310acetate ester;
indole alkaloid fundamental parent;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent;
plant metabolite
benzarone
benzarone: antihemorrhagic agent; structure		3.23101-benzofurans
nsc-89199
estramustine phosphate : A steroid phosphate which is the 17-O-phospho derivative of estramustine.		2.0410carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound;
steroid phosphate
estramustine
Estramustine: A nitrogen mustard linked to estradiol, usually as phosphate; used to treat prostatic neoplasms; also has radiation protective properties.. estramustine : A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of 17beta-estradiol with the carboxy group of bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamic acid.		3.231017beta-hydroxy steroid;
carbamate ester;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
radiation protective agent
phenethicillin
phenethicillin: minor descriptor (85); major descriptor (63-84); on-line search PENICILLIN, PHENOXYMETHYL/AA (66-85); Index Medicus search PHENETHICILLIN (63-84); RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,5alpha,6beta))-isomer. phenethicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-phenoxypropanamido group.		2.0410penicillin allergen;
penicillin
acivicin
[no description available]		2.0410isoxazoles;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		antileishmanial agent;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.3.2.2 (gamma-glutamyltransferase) inhibitor;
glutamine antagonist;
metabolite
bortezomib
[no description available]		3.5820amino acid amide;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
pyrazines		antineoplastic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
protease inhibitor;
proteasome inhibitor
ritonavir
Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver.		3.55201,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
carboxamide;
L-valine derivative;
ureas		antiviral drug;
environmental contaminant;
HIV protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
tryptoquivaline
fumitremorgin C : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is a mycotoxic indole alkaloid produced by several fungi. A potent and specific inhibitor of the breast cancer resistance protein multidrug transporter.		3.5110aromatic ether;
indole alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		breast cancer resistance protein inhibitor;
mycotoxin
oxytocin
Oxytocin: A nonapeptide hormone released from the neurohypophysis (PITUITARY GLAND, POSTERIOR). It differs from VASOPRESSIN by two amino acids at residues 3 and 8. Oxytocin acts on SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLS, such as causing UTERINE CONTRACTIONS and MILK EJECTION.. oxytocin : A cyclic nonapeptide hormone with amino acid sequence CYIQNCPLG that also acts as a neurotransmitter in the brain; the principal uterine-contracting and milk-ejecting hormone of the posterior pituitary. Together with the neuropeptide vasopressin, it is believed to influence social cognition and behaviour.		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone		oxytocic;
vasodilator agent
bekanamycin
bekanamycin: kanendomycin is the sulfate of bekanamycin; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.1510kanamycins
pentostatin
Pentostatin: A potent inhibitor of ADENOSINE DEAMINASE. The drug induces APOPTOSIS of LYMPHOCYTES, and is used in the treatment of many lymphoproliferative malignancies, particularly HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA. It is also synergistic with some other antineoplastic agents and has immunosuppressive activity.. pentostatin : A member of the class of coformycins that is coformycin in which the hydroxy group at position 2' is replaced with a hydrogen. It is a drug used for the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia.		3.2310coformycinsantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
Aspergillus metabolite;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor
quinidine
Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission.. quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy.		3.8430cinchona alkaloidalpha-adrenergic antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
muscarinic antagonist;
P450 inhibitor;
potassium channel blocker;
sodium channel blocker
meropenem
Meropenem: A thienamycin derivative antibacterial agent that is more stable to renal dehydropeptidase I than IMIPENEM, but does not need to be given with an enzyme inhibitor such as CILASTATIN. It is used in the treatment of bacterial infections, including infections in immunocompromised patients.. meropenem : A carbapenemcarboxylic acid in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and in which the azetidine and pyrroline rings carry 1-hydroxymethyl and 5-(dimethylcarbamoyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylthio substituents respectively.		3.5820alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
carbapenemcarboxylic acid;
organic sulfide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide		antibacterial agent;
antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
griseofulvin
Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.		3.57201-benzofurans;
antibiotic antifungal drug;
benzofuran antifungal drug;
organochlorine compound;
oxaspiro compound		antibacterial agent;
Penicillium metabolite
cefoxitin
Cefoxitin: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic resistant to beta-lactamase.. cefoxitin : A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic which, in addition to the methoxy group at the 7alpha position, has 2-thienylacetamido and carbamoyloxymethyl side-groups. It is resistant to beta-lactamase.		3.5820beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
cephamycin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
digitoxin
Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.		2.0410cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
saquinavir
Saquinavir: An HIV protease inhibitor which acts as an analog of an HIV protease cleavage site. It is a highly specific inhibitor of HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases, and also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. saquinavir : An aspartic acid derivative obtained by formal condensation of the primary amino group of (2S,3R)-4-[(3S,4aS,8aS)-3-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)octahydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl]-3-hydroxy-1-phenylbutan-2-ylamine with the carboxy group of N(2)(-quinolin-2-ylcarbonyl)-L-asparagine. An inhibitor of HIV-1 protease.		4.4230L-asparagine derivative;
quinolines		antiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
pancuronium
Pancuronium: A bis-quaternary steroid that is a competitive nicotinic antagonist. As a neuromuscular blocking agent it is more potent than CURARE but has less effect on the circulatory system and on histamine release.. pancuronium : A steroid ester in which a 5alpha-androstane skeleton is C-3alpha- and C-17beta-disubstituted with acetoxy groups and 2beta- and 16beta-disubstituted with 1-methylpiperidinium-1-yl groups. It is a non-depolarizing curare-mimetic muscle relaxant.		3.5820acetate ester;
steroid ester		cholinergic antagonist;
muscle relaxant;
nicotinic antagonist
rocuronium
Rocuronium: An androstanol non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. It has a mono-quaternary structure and is a weaker nicotinic antagonist than PANCURONIUM.. rocuronium : A 5alpha-androstane compound having 3alpha-hydroxy-, 17beta-acetoxy-, 2beta-morpholino- and 16beta-N-allyllyrrolidinium substituents.		2.04103alpha-hydroxy steroid;
acetate ester;
androstane;
morpholines;
quaternary ammonium ion;
tertiary amino compound		drug allergen;
muscle relaxant;
neuromuscular agent
abacavir
abacavir: a carbocyclic nucleoside with potent selective anti-HIV activity. abacavir : A 2,6-diaminopurine that is (1S)-cyclopent-2-en-1-ylmethanol in which the pro-R hydrogen at the 4-position is substituted by a 2-amino-6-(cyclopropylamino)-9H-purin-9-yl group. A nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) with antiretroviral activity against HIV, it is used (particularly as the sulfate) with other antiretrovirals in combination therapy of HIV infection.		4.42302,6-diaminopurinesantiviral drug;
drug allergen;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
netilmicin
Netilmicin: Semisynthetic 1-N-ethyl derivative of SISOMYCIN, an aminoglycoside antibiotic with action similar to gentamicin, but less ear and kidney toxicity.		2.0410
miglitol
[no description available]		3.5820piperidines
metyrosine
alpha-methyl-L-tyrosine : An L-tyrosine derivative that consists of L-tyrosine bearing an additional methyl substituent at position 2. An inhibitor of the enzyme tyrosine 3-monooxygenase, and consequently of the synthesis of catecholamines. It is used to control the symptoms of excessive sympathetic stimulation in patients with pheochromocytoma.		3.2310L-tyrosine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		antihypertensive agent;
EC 1.14.16.2 (tyrosine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor
linezolid
[no description available]		3.5820acetamides;
morpholines;
organofluorine compound;
oxazolidinone		antibacterial drug;
protein synthesis inhibitor
6-prenylchrysin
6-prenylchrysin: structure in first source. 6-(3,3-dimethylallyl)chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone that is chrysin substituted by a prenyl group at position 6.		3.51107-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone
clindamycin phosphate
[no description available]		3.2310
eplerenone
Eplerenone: A spironolactone derivative and selective ALDOSTERONE RECEPTOR antagonist that is used in the management of HYPERTENSION and CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE, post-MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		3.23103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
epoxy steroid;
gamma-lactone;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
steroid acid ester		aldosterone antagonist;
antihypertensive agent
tolterodine
[no description available]		3.5820tertiary amineantispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist;
muscle relaxant
darifenacin
darifenacin : 2-[(3S)-1-Ethylpyrrolidin-3-yl]-2,2-diphenylacetamide in which one of the hydrogens at the 2-position of the ethyl group is substituted by a 2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl group. It is a selective antagonist for the M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, which is primarily responsible for bladder muscle contractions, and is used as the hydrobromide salt in the management of urinary incontinence.		3.58201-benzofurans;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidines		antispasmodic drug;
muscarinic antagonist
fluticasone propionate
fluticasone propionate : A trifluorinated corticosteroid that consists of 6alpha,9-difluoro-11beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-17beta-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-16-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene bearing a propionyl substituent at position 17; has anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic and anti-allergic activity.		2.041011beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
corticosteroid;
fluorinated steroid;
propanoate ester;
steroid ester;
thioester		adrenergic agent;
anti-allergic agent;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
dermatologic drug
acarbose
[no description available]		2.0410amino cyclitol;
glycoside
tretinoin
Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.		3.2310retinoic acid;
vitamin A		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
AP-1 antagonist;
human metabolite;
keratolytic drug;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
retinoid X receptor agonist;
signalling molecule
retinol
Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).		3.2310retinol;
vitamin A		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
tacrolimus
Tacrolimus: A macrolide isolated from the culture broth of a strain of Streptomyces tsukubaensis that has strong immunosuppressive activity in vivo and prevents the activation of T-lymphocytes in response to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation in vitro.. tacrolimus (anhydrous) : A macrolide lactam containing a 23-membered lactone ring, originally isolated from the fermentation broth of a Japanese soil sample that contained the bacteria Streptomyces tsukubaensis.		4.7850macrolide lactambacterial metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
cerivastatin
cerivastatin: cerivastatin is the ((E)-(+))-isomer; structure given in first source. cerivastatin : (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity.		2.0410dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pyridines;
statin (synthetic)
rosuvastatin
rosuvastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer).		3.5820dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidines;
statin (synthetic);
sulfonamide		anti-inflammatory agent;
antilipemic drug;
cardioprotective agent;
CETP inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
cocaine
Cocaine: An alkaloid ester extracted from the leaves of plants including coca. It is a local anesthetic and vasoconstrictor and is clinically used for that purpose, particularly in the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It also has powerful central nervous system effects similar to the amphetamines and is a drug of abuse. Cocaine, like amphetamines, acts by multiple mechanisms on brain catecholaminergic neurons; the mechanism of its reinforcing effects is thought to involve inhibition of dopamine uptake.. cocaine : A tropane alkaloid obtained from leaves of the South American shrub Erythroxylon coca.		2.0410benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound;
tropane alkaloid		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
central nervous system stimulant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
serotonin uptake inhibitor;
sodium channel blocker;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent;
xenobiotic
mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		3.23102-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
xenobiotic
clindamycin
Clindamycin: An antibacterial agent that is a semisynthetic analog of LINCOMYCIN.. clindamycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic that is the semisynthetic derivative of lincomycin, a natural antibiotic.		3.5820
fosfomycin
Fosfomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fradiae.. fosfomycin : A phosphonic acid having an (R,S)-1,2-epoxypropyl group attached to phosphorus.		3.5820epoxide;
phosphonic acids		antimicrobial agent;
EC 2.5.1.7 (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase) inhibitor
zithromax
Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.		3.5820macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
bms 214662
7-cyano-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-(1H-imidazol-4-ylmethyl)-3-(phenylmethyl)-4-(2-thienylsulfonyl)-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine: a farnesyltransferase inhibitor; structure in first source. BMS-214662 : A member of the class of benzodiazepines that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine substituted by (1H-imidazol-5-yl)methyl, benzyl, (thiophen-2-yl)sulfonyl, and cyano groups at positions 1, 3R, 4 and 7, respectively. It is a potent inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (IC50 = 1.35nM) which was under clinical development for the treatment of solid tumors.		2.0410benzenes;
benzodiazepine;
imidazoles;
nitrile;
sulfonamide;
thiophenes		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.5.1.58 (protein farnesyltransferase) inhibitor
octreotide
[no description available]		3.2310
eptifibatide
[no description available]		3.5820homodetic cyclic peptide;
macrocycle;
organic disulfide		anticoagulant;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
gs 4071
GS 4071: The acid form.. oseltamivir acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid which is substituted at positions 3, 4, and 5 by pentan-3-yloxy, acetamido, and amino groups, respectively (the 3R,4R,5S enantiomer). An antiviral drug, it is used as the corresponding ethyl ester prodrug, oseltamivir, to slow the spread of influenza.		2.0410acetate ester;
amino acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid;
primary amino compound		antiviral drug;
EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor;
marine xenobiotic metabolite
decitabine
[no description available]		3.58202'-deoxyribonucleoside
sm 8668
Sch 39304: Sch 42427 is the active entantiomer of the antifungal agent Sch 39304 which consists of Sch 42426 & Sch 42427; Sch 42426, the (S,S)-isomer, is inactive		2.0410
teniposide
[no description available]		3.5820aromatic ether;
beta-D-glucoside;
cyclic acetal;
furonaphthodioxole;
gamma-lactone;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols;
thiophenes		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
troxacitabine
troxacitabine: shows good anti-HIV activity without cytotoxicity		2.0410carbohydrate derivative;
nucleobase-containing molecular entity
ketoconazole
(2R,4S)-ketoconazole : A cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine which dioxolane moiety has (2R,4S)-configuration.		3.8620cis-1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine
cefamandole
Cefamandole: Semisynthetic wide-spectrum cephalosporin with prolonged action, probably due to beta-lactamase resistance. It is used also as the nafate.. cefamandole : A cephalosporin compound having (R)-mandelamido and N-methylthiotetrazole side-groups.		2.0410cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
nikkomycin
nikkomycin Z : A uridine-based nucleoside-peptide antibiotic which inhibits fungal chitin biosynthesis by inhibiting chitin synthase.		3.8630nikkomycinantifungal agent
dactinomycin
Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)		3.2310actinomycinmutagen
tiazofurin
tiazofurin: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer; structure given in first source. tiazofurine : A C-glycosyl compound that is 1,3-thiazole-4-carboxamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl group. It is metabolised to thiazole-4-carboxamide adenine dinucleotide (TAD), a selective inhibitor of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP dehydrogenase).		2.04101,3-thiazoles;
C-glycosyl compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
prodrug
melphalan
Melphalan: An alkylating nitrogen mustard that is used as an antineoplastic in the form of the levo isomer - MELPHALAN, the racemic mixture - MERPHALAN, and the dextro isomer - MEDPHALAN; toxic to bone marrow, but little vesicant action; potential carcinogen.. melphalan : A phenylalanine derivative comprising L-phenylalanine having [bis(2-chloroethyl)amino group at the 4-position on the phenyl ring.		3.5820L-phenylalanine derivative;
nitrogen mustard;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organochlorine compound		alkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
carcinogenic agent;
drug allergen;
immunosuppressive agent
sitafloxacin
[no description available]		2.0410fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
quinolines;
quinolone antibiotic
tenofovir
tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.		3.5820nucleoside analogue;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ravuconazole
ER 30346: structure in first source. ravuconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-butyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole in which the butyl group is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 3 by hydroxy, 2,4-difluorophenyl, and 4-(p-cyanophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl groups, respectively (the R,R stereoisomer). It exhibits antifungal activity by inhibition of 14alpha demethylase, an enzyme involved in sterol synthesis, resulting in lysis of the fungal cell wall and fungal cell death. (NCIO4)		3.43701,3-thiazoles;
fluorobenzenes;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol;
triazoles		antifungal drug;
antileishmanial agent;
EC 1.14.14.154 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor;
ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor
posaconazole
[no description available]		7.32300aromatic ether;
conazole antifungal drug;
N-arylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxolanes;
triazole antifungal drug;
triazoles		trypanocidal drug
dibekacin
Dibekacin: Analog of KANAMYCIN with antitubercular as well as broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties.. dibekacin : A kanamycin that is kanamycin B lacking the 3- and 4-hydroxy groups on the 2,6-diaminosugar ring.		2.0410kanamycinsantibacterial agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
micafungin
Micafungin: A cyclic lipo-hexapeptide echinocandin antifungal agent that is used for the treatment and prevention of CANDIDIASIS.. micafungin : A cyclic hexapeptide echinocandin antibiotic which exerts its effect by inhibiting the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. It is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of invasive candidiasis, and of aspergillosis in patients who are intolerant of other therapy.		7.09430antibiotic antifungal drug;
echinocandin		antiinfective agent
riboflavin
vitamin B2 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called flavins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B2 deficiency. Symptoms associated with vitamin B2 deficiency include glossitis, seborrhea, angular stomaitis, cheilosis and photophobia. The vitamers include riboflavin and its phosphate derivatives (and includes their salt, ionised and hydrate forms).		3.2310flavin;
vitamin B2		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food colouring;
fundamental metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite
sodium bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.		3.2310one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antacid;
food anticaking agent
arsenic trioxide
Tetraarsenic Oxide: A form of As2O3 that exists as As4O6 in the solid state. It dissociates to As2O3 upon heating to the vapor phase above 800 degrees Celsius.		3.2310arsenic oxideantineoplastic agent;
insecticide
sr 90107
fondaparinux sodium : An organic sodium salt, being the decasodium salt of fondaparinux.		3.2310
meglumine iodipamide
[no description available]		3.2310organoammonium saltradioopaque medium
thyrotropin-releasing hormone
PR 546: no other info available 9/89. protirelin : A tripeptide composed of L-pyroglutamyl, L-histidyl and L-prolinamide residues joined in sequence.		3.2310peptide hormone;
tripeptide		human metabolite
arginine vasopressin
Arginine Vasopressin: The predominant form of mammalian antidiuretic hormone. It is a nonapeptide containing an ARGININE at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6. Arg-vasopressin is used to treat DIABETES INSIPIDUS or to improve vasomotor tone and BLOOD PRESSURE.. argipressin : The predominant form of mammalian vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone). It is a nonapeptide containing an arginine at residue 8 and two disulfide-linked cysteines at residues of 1 and 6.		3.2310vasopressincardiovascular drug;
hematologic agent;
mitogen
s 1033
[no description available]		4.2220(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
imidazoles;
pyridines;
pyrimidines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
mezlocillin
Mezlocillin: Semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin. It has been proposed for infections with certain anaerobes and may be useful in inner ear, bile, and CNS infections.. mezlocillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a (2R)-2-[3-(methanesulfonyl)-2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carboxamido]-2-phenylacetamido group.		2.0410penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
tropisetron
Tropisetron: An indole derivative and 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist that is used for the prevention of nausea and vomiting.. tropisetron : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of tropine.		2.0410indolyl carboxylic acid
leuprolide
Leuprolide: A potent synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE that regulates the synthesis and release of pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE.. leuprolide : An oligopeptide comprising pyroglutamyl, histidyl, tryptophyl, seryl, tyrosyl, D-leucyl, leucyl, arginyl, and N-ethylprolinamide residues joined in sequence. It is a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone, and is used as a subcutaneous hydrogel implant (particularly as the acetate salt) for the treatment of prostate cancer and for the suppression of gonadal sex hormone production in children with central precocious puberty.		2.0410oligopeptideanti-estrogen;
antineoplastic agent;
gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist
fludarabine
[no description available]		2.0410purine nucleoside
propylthiouracil
Propylthiouracil: A thiourea antithyroid agent. Propythiouracil inhibits the synthesis of thyroxine and inhibits the peripheral conversion of throxine to tri-iodothyronine. It is used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeoia, 30th ed, p534). 6-propyl-2-thiouracil : A pyrimidinethione consisting of uracil in which the 2-oxo group is substituted by a thio group and the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a propyl group.		3.5820pyrimidinethioneantidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antimetabolite;
antioxidant;
antithyroid drug;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
hormone antagonist
chlorprothixene
Chlorprothixene: A thioxanthine with effects similar to the phenothiazine antipsychotics.. (Z)-chlorprothixene : A chlorprothixene in which the double bond adopts a (Z)-configuration.		3.5110chlorprothixene
etomidate
Etomidate: Imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anesthetic.. etomidate : The ethyl ester of 1-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid. It is an intravenous general anaesthetic with no analgesic activity.		3.5820ethyl ester;
imidazoles		intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
mercaptopurine
Mercaptopurine: An antimetabolite antineoplastic agent with immunosuppressant properties. It interferes with nucleic acid synthesis by inhibiting purine metabolism and is used, usually in combination with other drugs, in the treatment of or in remission maintenance programs for leukemia.. purine-6-thiol : A thiol that is the tautomer of mercaptopurine.. mercaptopurine : A member of the class of purines that is 6,7-dihydro-1H-purine carrying a thione group at position 6. An adenine analogue, it is used in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.		3.5820aryl thiol;
purines;
thiocarbonyl compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
pyrantel
Pyrantel: A depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent, that causes persistent nicotinic activation resulting in spastic paralysis of susceptible nematodes. It is a drug of second-choice after benzimidazoles for treatment of ascariasis, hookworm, and pinworm infections, being effective after a single dose. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p920). pyrantel : A carboxamidine that is 1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine that is substituted at position 1 by a methyl group and at position 2 by an (E)-2-(2-thienyl)vinyl group. It is used, particularly as the embonate [4,4'-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthoate)] salt, as an anthelmintic that is effective against intestinal nematodes including threadworms, roundworms and hookworms, and is included in the WHO 'Model List of Essential Medicines'.		3.23101,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines;
carboxamidine;
thiophenes		antinematodal drug
cotinine
Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.		2.0410N-alkylpyrrolidine;
pyridines;
pyrrolidin-2-ones;
pyrrolidine alkaloid		antidepressant;
biomarker;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
thiothixene
[no description available]		3.2310N-methylpiperazineanticoronaviral agent
eszopiclone
Eszopiclone: A pyridine, pyrazine, and piperazine derivative that is used as a HYPNOTIC AND SEDATIVE in the treatment of INSOMNIA.. eszopiclone : The (5S)- (active) enantiomer of zopiclone. Unlike almost all other hypnotic sedatives, which are approved only for the relief of short-term (6-8 weeks) insomnia, eszopiclone is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for long-term use.		3.2310zopiclonecentral nervous system depressant;
sedative
curcumin
Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.		3.5110aromatic ether;
beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
contraceptive drug;
dye;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
food colouring;
geroprotector;
hepatoprotective agent;
immunomodulator;
iron chelator;
ligand;
lipoxygenase inhibitor;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nutraceutical;
radical scavenger
benztropine
Benztropine: A centrally active muscarinic antagonist that has been used in the symptomatic treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE. Benztropine also inhibits the uptake of dopamine.. benzatropine : Tropane in which a hydrogen at position 3 is substituted by a diphenylmethoxy group (endo-isomer). An acetylcholine receptor antagonist, it is used (particularly as its methanesulphonate salt) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease, and to reduce parkinsonism and akathisia side effects of antipsychotic treatments.		3.2310diarylmethane
methimazole
Methimazole: A thioureylene antithyroid agent that inhibits the formation of thyroid hormones by interfering with the incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin. This is done by interfering with the oxidation of iodide ion and iodotyrosyl groups through inhibition of the peroxidase enzyme.. methimazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that it imidazole-2-thione in which a methyl group replaces the hydrogen which is attached to a nitrogen.		3.58201,3-dihydroimidazole-2-thionesantithyroid drug
sulindac
Sulindac: A sulfinylindene derivative prodrug whose sulfinyl moiety is converted in vivo to an active NSAID analgesic. Specifically, the prodrug is converted by liver enzymes to a sulfide which is excreted in the bile and then reabsorbed from the intestine. This helps to maintain constant blood levels with reduced gastrointestinal side effects.. sulindac : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions.		3.2310monocarboxylic acid;
organofluorine compound;
sulfoxide		analgesic;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
prodrug;
tocolytic agent
terbinafine
[no description available]		4.95110acetylenic compound;
allylamine antifungal drug;
enyne;
naphthalenes;
tertiary amine		EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor;
P450 inhibitor;
sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
drotaverin
drotaverin: Hungarian drug; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0410isoquinolines
thioguanine anhydrous
Thioguanine: An antineoplastic compound which also has antimetabolite action. The drug is used in the therapy of acute leukemia.. tioguanine : A 2-aminopurine that is the 6-thiono derivative of 2-amino-1,9-dihydro-6H-purine. Incorporates into DNA and inhibits synthesis. Used in the treatment of leukaemia.		3.23102-aminopurinesanticoronaviral agent;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
succimer
Succimer: A mercaptodicarboxylic acid used as an antidote to heavy metal poisoning because it forms strong chelates with them.. succimer : A sulfur-containing carboxylic acid that is succinic acid bearing two mercapto substituents at positions 2 and 3. A lead chelator used as an antedote to lead poisoning.		3.2310dicarboxylic acid;
dithiol;
sulfur-containing carboxylic acid		chelator
digoxin
Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.		3.8330cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
streptozocin
[no description available]		3.2310
tamoxifen
[no description available]		3.2310stilbenoid;
tertiary amino compound		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
ethionamide
Ethionamide: A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.. ethionamide : A thiocarboxamide that is pyridine-4-carbothioamide substituted by an ethyl group at position 2. A prodrug that undergoes metabolic activation by conversion to the corresponding S-oxide.		3.2310pyridines;
thiocarboxamide		antilipemic drug;
antitubercular agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor;
leprostatic drug;
prodrug
fusidic acid
Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.		3.511011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
steroid acid;
steroid antibiotic;
sterol ester		EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
lincomycin
Lincomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces lincolnensis var. lincolnensis. It has been used in the treatment of staphylococcal, streptococcal, and Bacteroides fragilis infections.. lincomycin : A carbohydrate-containing antibiotic produced by the actinomyces Streptomyces lincolnensis.		3.5820carbohydrate-containing antibiotic;
L-proline derivative;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide;
S-glycosyl compound		antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
thiopental
Thiopental: A barbiturate that is administered intravenously for the induction of general anesthesia or for the production of complete anesthesia of short duration.. thiopental : A barbiturate, the structure of which is that of 2-thiobarbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups.		2.0410barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative;
xenobiotic
ranitidine
Ranitidine: A non-imidazole blocker of those histamine receptors that mediate gastric secretion (H2 receptors). It is used to treat gastrointestinal ulcers.. ranitidine : A member of the class of furans used to treat peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and gastroesophageal reflux disease.		3.2310C-nitro compound;
furans;
organic sulfide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-ulcer drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
H2-receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
aplaviroc
aplaviroc: a spiro-diketo-piperazine; a potent noncompetitive allosteric antagonist of the CCR5 receptor with concomitantly potent antiviral effects for HIV-1; structure in first source		3.2310
hmr 3647
[no description available]		3.5820
maraviroc
[no description available]		3.2310tropane alkaloid
toremifene
Toremifene: A first generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Like TAMOXIFEN, it is an estrogen agonist for bone tissue and cholesterol metabolism but is antagonistic on mammary and uterine tissue.		3.2310aromatic ether;
organochlorine compound;
tertiary amine		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen antagonist;
estrogen receptor modulator
nelarabine
nelarabine: prodrug of ara-G. nelarabine : A purine nucleoside in which O-methylguanine is attached to arabinofuranose via a beta-N(9)-glycosidic bond. Inhibits DNA synthesis and causes cell death; a prodrug of 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine (ara-G).		3.5820beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
purine nucleoside		antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
prodrug
2-[(2-ethoxyphenoxy)-phenylmethyl]morpholine
[no description available]		2.0410aromatic ether
dermatan sulfate
Dermatan Sulfate: A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan found mostly in the skin and in connective tissue. It differs from CHONDROITIN SULFATE A (see CHONDROITIN SULFATES) by containing IDURONIC ACID in place of glucuronic acid, its epimer, at carbon atom 5. (from Merck, 12th ed). alpha-L-IdopA-(1->3)-beta-D-GalpNAc4S : An oligosaccharide sulfate that is 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-4-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactopyranose in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding alpha-L-idopyranuronoside.. dermatan sulfate : Any of a group of glycosaminoglycans with repeating units consisting of variously sulfated beta1->4-linked L-iduronyl-(alpha1->3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine units.		3.2310amino disaccharide;
glycosylgalactose derivative;
iduronic acids;
oligosaccharide sulfate
dolasetron
[no description available]		3.5820indolyl carboxylic acid
or 1259
[no description available]		2.0410hydrazone;
nitrile;
pyridazinone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.1.4.17 (3',5'-cyclic-nucleotide phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
gestodene
Gestodene: synthetic steroid with progestational activity; RN given refers to (17alpha)-isomer		2.0410steroidestrogen
orlistat
Orlistat: A lactone derivative of LEUCINE that acts as a pancreatic lipase inhibitor to limit the absorption of dietary fat; it is used in the management of obesity.. orlistat : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of N-formyl-L-leucine with the hydroxy group of (3S,4S)-3-hexyl-4-[(2S)-2-hydroxytridecyl]oxetan-2-one. A pancreatic lipase inhibitor, it is used as an anti-obesity drug.		3.2310beta-lactone;
carboxylic ester;
formamides;
L-leucine derivative		anti-obesity agent;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor
quinine
[no description available]		3.5820cinchona alkaloidantimalarial;
muscle relaxant;
non-narcotic analgesic
n,n-dimethylpradimicin fa-2
N,N-dimethylpradimicin FA-2: pradimicin A derivative; structure given in first source		3.3510
isepamicin
[no description available]		2.0410
ifetroban
ifetroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist; structure given in first source; a 7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptane derivative		2.0410benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid
lamifiban
lamifiban: a nonpeptide glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antagonist; prevents platelet loss during experimental cardiopulmonary bypass		2.0410N-acylglycine
fospropofol
[no description available]		3.2310alkylbenzene
rasagiline
[no description available]		3.2310indanes;
secondary amine;
terminal acetylenic compound		EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent
dasatinib
N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-((6-(4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide: a dasatinib prodrug; structure in first source. dasatinib (anhydrous) : An aminopyrimidine that is 2-methylpyrimidine which is substituted at position 4 by the primary amino group of 2-amino-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxylic acid and at position 6 by a 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl group, and in which the carboxylic acid group has been formally condensed with 2-chloro-6-methylaniline to afford the corresponding amide. A multi-targeted kinase inhibitor, it is used, particularly as the monohydrate, for the treatment of chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase chronic myeloid leukemia. Note that the name 'dasatinib' is used to refer to the monohydrate (USAN) as well as to anhydrous dasatinib (INN).		4.22201,3-thiazoles;
aminopyrimidine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
N-arylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
zd 6474
CH 331: structure in first source		3.5110aromatic ether;
organobromine compound;
organofluorine compound;
piperidines;
quinazolines;
secondary amine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
telavancin
telavancin: an anti-infective agent; structure in first source. telavancin : A glycopeptide that is vancomycin substituted at position N-3'' by a 2-(decylamino)ethyl group and at position C-29 by a (phosphonomethyl)aminomethyl group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of adults with complicated skin and skin structure infections caused by bacteria.		2.0410glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
sitagliptin
sitagliptin : A triazolopyrazine that exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		3.5820triazolopyrazine;
trifluorobenzene		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
hypoglycemic agent;
serine proteinase inhibitor;
xenobiotic
tolcapone
Tolcapone: A benzophenone and nitrophenol compound that acts as an inhibitor of CATECHOL O-METHYLTRANSFERASE, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of DOPAMINE and LEVODOPA. It is used in the treatment of PARKINSON DISEASE in patients for whom levodopa is ineffective or contraindicated.. tolcapone : Benzophenone substituted on one of the phenyl rings at C-3 and C-4 by hydroxy groups and at C-5 by a nitro group, and on the other phenyl ring by a methyl group at C-4. It is an inhibitor of catechol O-methyltransferase.		3.58202-nitrophenols;
benzophenones;
catechols		antiparkinson drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
sq 109
N-geranyl-N'-(2-adamantyl)ethane-1,2-diamine: has antitubercular activity		3.5110
quercetin
[no description available]		2.04107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
apigenin
Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.		3.5110trihydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes		3.2310D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
vitamin d 2
Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.		3.2310hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-ergostane;
vitamin D		bone density conservation agent;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
rodenticide
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		8.21530antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
clavulanic acid
Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.		2.0410oxapenamantibacterial drug;
anxiolytic drug;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
pulmicort
Budesonide: A glucocorticoid used in the management of ASTHMA, the treatment of various skin disorders, and allergic RHINITIS.. budesonide : A glucocorticoid steroid having a highly oxygenated pregna-1,4-diene structure. It is used mainly in the treatment of asthma and non-infectious rhinitis and for treatment and prevention of nasal polyposis.		3.582011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
cyclic acetal;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		anti-inflammatory drug;
bronchodilator agent;
drug allergen
oxymetholone
Oxymetholone: A synthetic hormone with anabolic and androgenic properties. It is used mainly in the treatment of anemias. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002), this compound may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). oxymetholone : A 3-oxo-5alpha- steroid that is 4,5alpha-dihydrotestosterone which is substituted by a hydroxymethylidene group at position 2 and by a methyl group at the 17alpha position. A synthetic androgen, it was mainly used for the treatment of anaemias until being replaced by treatments with fewer side effects.		3.2310
eprosartan
eprosartan: angiotensin II receptor antagonist. eprosartan : A member of the class of imidazoles and thiophenes that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used for the treatment of high blood pressure.		3.5820dicarboxylic acid;
imidazoles;
thiophenes		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
montelukast
montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist		3.5820aliphatic sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolines		anti-arrhythmia drug;
anti-asthmatic drug;
leukotriene antagonist
mivacurium
Mivacurium: An isoquinoline derivative that is used as a short-acting non-depolarizing agent.		3.5820isoquinolines
hemabate
carboprost tromethamine : The tromethamine salt of carboprost. It is used as an abortifacient agent that is effective in both the first and second trimesters of pregnancy.		3.2310
mycophenolate mofetil
mycophenolate mofetil : A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation between the carboxylic acid group of mycophenolic acid and the hydroxy group of 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethanol. In the liver, it is metabolised to mycophenolic acid, an immunosuppressant for which it is a prodrug. It is widely used to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants as well as for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		3.2310carboxylic ester;
ether;
gamma-lactone;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		anticoronaviral agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
entacapone
entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.		3.58202-nitrophenols;
catechols;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile		antidyskinesia agent;
antiparkinson drug;
central nervous system drug;
EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
paricalcitol
[no description available]		3.5820hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane		antiparathyroid drug
mangostin
mangostin: xanthone from rind of Garcinia mangostana Linn. fruit. alpha-mangostin : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthene substituted by hydroxy group at positions 1, 3 and 6, a methoxy group at position 7, an oxo group at position 9 and prenyl groups at positions 2 and 8. Isolated from the stems of Cratoxylum cochinchinense, it exhibits antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumour activities.		2.1510aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite
sdz psc 833
valspodar: nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporin analog which is a potent multidrug resistance modifier; 7-10 fold more potent than cyclosporin A; a potent P glycoprotein inhibitor; MW 1215		2.0410homodetic cyclic peptide
l 660,711
[no description available]		3.5110quinolines
tectochrysin
tectochrysin: structure in first source. tectochrysin : A monohydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 7 respectively.		3.5110monohydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		antidiarrhoeal drug;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
7432 s
Ceftibuten: A cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.. ceftibuten : A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with a [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-4-carboxybut-2-enoyl]amino substituent at the 7 position of the cephem skeleton. An orally-administered agent, ceftibuten is used as the dihydrate to treat urinary-tract and respiratory-tract infections.		3.2310cephalosporin;
dicarboxylic acid		antibacterial drug
isotretinoin
Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.		3.2310retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
teratogenic agent
epoprostenol
[no description available]		3.2310prostaglandins Imouse metabolite
indocyanine green
[no description available]		3.58201,1-diunsubstituted alkanesulfonate;
benzoindole;
cyanine dye
triprolidine
Triprolidine: Histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic rhinitis; ASTHMA; and URTICARIA. It is a component of COUGH and COLD medicines. It may cause drowsiness.. triprolidine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that is acrivastine in which the pyridine ring is lacking the propenoic acid substituent. It is a sedating antihistamine that is used (generally as the monohydrochloride monohydrate) for the relief of the symptoms of uticaria, rhinitis, and various pruritic skin disorders.		3.2310N-alkylpyrrolidine;
olefinic compound;
pyridines		H1-receptor antagonist
pitavastatin
pitavastatin : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-[2-cyclopropyl-4-(4-fluorophenyl)quinolin-3-yl]hept-6-enoic acid in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-stereoisomer). Used as its calcium salt for treatment of hypercholesterolemia (elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood) on patients unable to sufficiently lower their cholesterol levels by diet and exercise.		3.2310cyclopropanes;
dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
monofluorobenzenes;
quinolines;
statin (synthetic)		antioxidant
ethamolin
monoethanolamine oleate: used for treatment of pyogenic granuloma		3.2310long-chain fatty acid
alatrofloxacin mesylate
[no description available]		3.2310
codeine
[no description available]		3.5820morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antitussive;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
opioid analgesic;
opioid receptor agonist;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
cyclosporine
ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF		4.4230homodetic cyclic peptideanti-asthmatic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antirheumatic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
dermatologic drug;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
natamycin
[no description available]		2.4920antibiotic antifungal drug;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monosaccharide derivative;
polyene antibiotic		antifungal agrochemical;
antimicrobial food preservative;
apoptosis inducer;
bacterial metabolite;
ophthalmology drug
acitretin
Acitretin: An oral retinoid effective in the treatment of psoriasis. It is the major metabolite of ETRETINATE with the advantage of a much shorter half-life when compared with etretinate.. acitretin : A retinoid that consists of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid having a 4-methoxy-2,3,6-trimethylphenyl group attached at position 9.		3.2310acitretin;
alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
retinoid		keratolytic drug
estropipate
estropipate: used therapeutically in menopausal patients		3.2310piperazinium salt;
steroid sulfate
hydromorphone
Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.. hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.		3.5820morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
levetiracetam
Levetiracetam: A pyrrolidinone and acetamide derivative that is used primarily for the treatment of SEIZURES and some movement disorders, and as a nootropic agent.. levetiracetam : A pyrrolidinone and carboxamide that is N-methylpyrrolidin-2-one in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by an aminocarbonyl group, while another is replaced by an ethyl group (the S enantiomer). An anticonvulsant, it is used for the treatment of epilepsy in both human and veterinary medicine.		3.2310pyrrolidin-2-onesanticonvulsant;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
ly 163892
loracarbef: 1-carbacephem antibiotic; has a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity; structure given in first source; carbacephems differ from cephalosporins in the substitution of a sulfur atom in the dihydrothiazine ring with a methylene group to form a tetrahydropyridine ring. loracarbef : A synthetic "carba" analogue of cefaclor, with carbon replacing sulfur at position 1. Used to treat a wide range of infections caused by both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.		3.2310carbacephem;
zwitterion		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
nabilone
nabilone: cannabinol deriv; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		3.2310
nalmefene
nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer		2.0410morphinane alkaloid
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		3.5820morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone
Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.		3.5820organic heteropentacyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative		antitussive;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
oxymorphone
Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)		3.2310morphinane alkaloid
vitamin k 1
Vitamin K 1: A family of phylloquinones that contains a ring of 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone and an isoprenoid side chain. Members of this group of vitamin K 1 have only one double bond on the proximal isoprene unit. Rich sources of vitamin K 1 include green plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria. Vitamin K1 has antihemorrhagic and prothrombogenic activity.. phylloquinone : A member of the class of phylloquinones that consists of 1,4-naphthoquinone having methyl and phytyl groups at positions 2 and 3 respectively. The parent of the class of phylloquinones.		3.2310phylloquinones;
vitamin K		cofactor;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
sirolimus
Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent.		4.2220antibiotic antifungal drug;
cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
secondary alcohol		antibacterial drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
topiramate
Topiramate: A sulfamate-substituted fructose analog that was originally identified as a hypoglycemic agent. It is used for the treatment of EPILEPSY and MIGRAINE DISORDERS, and may also promote weight loss.. topiramate : A hexose derivative that is 2,3:4,5-di-O-isopropylidene-beta-D-fructopyranose in which the hydroxy group has been converted to the corresponding sulfamate ester. It blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels and is used as an antiepileptic and for the prevention of migraine.		3.2310cyclic ketal;
ketohexose derivative;
sulfamate ester		anticonvulsant;
sodium channel blocker
trospium chloride
trospium chloride : An organic chloride salt of trospium. It is an antispasmodic drug used for the treatment of overactive bladder.		3.2310
alvocidib
alvocidib: structure given in first source. alvocidib : A synthetic dihydroxyflavone that is 5,7-dihydroxyflavone which is substituted by a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group at position 8 and by a chlorine at the 2' position (the (-)-3S,4R stereoisomer). A cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor, it has been studied for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia, arthritis and atherosclerotic plaque formation.		2.0410dihydroxyflavone;
hydroxypiperidine;
monochlorobenzenes;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.7.11.22 (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor
topiroxostat
FYX-051: xanthine oxidoreductase inhibitor		3.5110
morphine
Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.		3.5820morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
benzphetamine
Benzphetamine: A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to DEXTROAMPHETAMINE. It is used in the treatment of obesity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1222). benzphetamine : Dextroamphetamine in which the the hydrogens attached to the amino group are substituted by a methyl and a benzyl group. A sympathomimetic agent with properties similar to dextroamphetamine, it is used as its hydrochloride salt in the treatment of obesity.		3.2310amphetamines;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
appetite depressant;
dopamine uptake inhibitor;
sympathomimetic agent
cicaprost
cicaprost: RN given refers to (3aS-(2E,3aalpha,4alpha(3R*,4R*),5beta,6aalpha))-isomer		2.0410monoterpenoid
deamino arginine vasopressin
Deamino Arginine Vasopressin: A synthetic analog of the pituitary hormone, ARGININE VASOPRESSIN. Its action is mediated by the VASOPRESSIN receptor V2. It has prolonged antidiuretic activity, but little pressor effects. It also modulates levels of circulating FACTOR VIII and VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR.		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptidediagnostic agent;
renal agent;
vasopressin receptor agonist
dexmedetomidine
[no description available]		3.5820medetomidinealpha-adrenergic agonist;
analgesic;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sedative
goserelin
Goserelin: A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.		3.2310organic molecular entity
iloprost
Iloprost: An eicosanoid, derived from the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonic acid metabolism. It is a stable and synthetic analog of EPOPROSTENOL, but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. Its actions are similar to prostacyclin. Iloprost produces vasodilation and inhibits platelet aggregation.. iloprost : A carbobicyclic compound that is prostaglandin I2 in which the endocyclic oxygen is replaced by a methylene group and in which the (1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl side chain is replaced by a (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-methyloct-1-en-6-yn-1-yl group. A synthetic analogue of prostacyclin, it is used as the trometamol salt (generally by intravenous infusion) for the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension.		2.0410carbobicyclic compound;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary alcohol		platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
nalbuphine
Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.		3.5820organic heteropentacyclic compoundmu-opioid receptor antagonist;
opioid analgesic
nateglinide
Nateglinide: A phenylalanine and cyclohexane derivative that acts as a hypoglycemic agent by stimulating the release of insulin from the pancreas. It is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES.. nateglinide : An N-acyl-D-phenylalanine resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of D-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of trans-4-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid. An orally-administered, rapidly-absorbed, short-acting insulinotropic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.		3.5820phenylalanine derivative
vinorelbine
[no description available]		3.5820acetate ester;
methyl ester;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
ring assembly;
vinca alkaloid		antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
silodosin
silodosin: an alpha(1a)-adrenoceptor-selective antagonist; structure given in first source		3.2310indolecarboxamide
fluvoxamine
Fluvoxamine: A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of DEPRESSION and a variety of ANXIETY DISORDERS.. fluvoxamine : An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
5-methoxyvalerophenone O-(2-aminoethyl)oxime		antidepressant;
anxiolytic drug;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
bosutinib
4-((2,4-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino)-6-methoxy-7-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propoxy)-3-quinolinecarbonitrile: a Src kinase inhibitor; structure in first source		3.5110aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
N-methylpiperazine;
nitrile;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
su 11248
[no description available]		4.2220monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyrroles		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
neuroprotective agent;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
romidepsin
depsipeptide : A natural or synthetic compound having a sequence of amino and hydroxy carboxylic acid residues (usually alpha-amino and alpha-hydroxy acids), commonly but not necessarily regularly alternating.		2.0410cyclodepsipeptide;
heterocyclic antibiotic;
organic disulfide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid
(6E)-7-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-1-(propan-2-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid : A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is N-isopropylindole which is substituted at position 3 by a p-fluorophenyl group and at position 2 by a 6-carboxy-3,5-dihydroxyhex-1-en-1-yl group. It has four possible diastereoisomers.		3.5820dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
indoles;
organofluorine compound
levorphanol
Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.		3.2310morphinane alkaloid
naltrexone
Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.		3.5820cyclopropanes;
morphinane-like compound;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
environmental contaminant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
morphine-6-glucuronide
morphine-6-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer		2.0410morphinane alkaloid
dextromethorphan
Dextromethorphan: Methyl analog of DEXTRORPHAN that shows high affinity binding to several regions of the brain, including the medullary cough center. This compound is an NMDA receptor antagonist (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) and acts as a non-competitive channel blocker. It is one of the widely used ANTITUSSIVES, and is also used to study the involvement of glutamate receptors in neurotoxicity.. dextromethorphan : A 6-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthrene in which the sterocenters at positions 4a, 10 and 10a have S-configuration. It is a prodrug of dextrorphan and used as an antitussive drug for suppressing cough.		3.23106-methoxy-11-methyl-1,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-10,4a-(epiminoethano)phenanthreneantitussive;
environmental contaminant;
neurotoxin;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
oneirogen;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
butorphanol
Butorphanol: A synthetic morphinan analgesic with narcotic antagonist action. It is used in the management of severe pain.. butorphanol : Levorphanol in which a hydrogen at position 14 of the morphinan skeleton is substituted by hydroxy and one of the hydrogens of the N-methyl group is substituted by cyclopropyl. A semi-synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic, it is used as its (S,S)-tartaric acid salt for relief or moderate to severe pain.		3.5820morphinane alkaloidantitussive;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
cefodizime
cefodizime: RN given refers to (6R-(6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefodizime : A cephalosporin compound having 5-(carboxymethyl)-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]sulfanyl}methyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		2.04101,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor
methylnaltrexone
methylnaltrexone: RN given refers to parent cpd(5alpha)-isomer		2.0410phenanthrenes
cefixime
[no description available]		3.5820cephalosporinantibacterial drug;
drug allergen
lisinopril
Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.		3.5820dipeptideEC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
benazepril
benazepril: structure given in first source. benazepril : A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure.		3.2310benzazepine;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
ethyl ester;
lactam		EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
ramipril
Ramipril: A long-acting angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is a prodrug that is transformed in the liver to its active metabolite ramiprilat.. ramipril : A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.. quark : Quarks comprise one of two classes of the fundamental particles. Quarks possess fractional electric charges and are not observed in free state. The word "quark" first appears in James Joyce's Finnegans Wake and has been chosen by Murray Gell-Mann as a name for fundamental building blocks of particles.		3.2310azabicycloalkane;
cyclopentapyrrole;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester		bradykinin receptor B2 agonist;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
prodrug
verteporfin
(2R,2(1)S)-8-ethenyl-2(1),2(2)-bis(methoxycarbonyl)-17-(3-methoxy-3-oxopropyl)-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13-propanoic acid : The 2(1),2(2),17-trimethyl ester of (2R,2(1)S)-2(1),2(2)-dicarboxy-8-ethenyl-2,7,12,18-tetramethyl-2,2(1)-dihydrobenzo[b]porphyrin-13,17-dipropanoic acid.		3.2310
indinavir sulfate
Indinavir: A potent and specific HIV protease inhibitor that appears to have good oral bioavailability.		3.8330dicarboxylic acid diamide;
N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine;
piperazinecarboxamide		HIV protease inhibitor
zimeldine
Zimeldine: One of the SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME associated with its use. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p385)		3.2310styrenes
3,3',4,5'-tetramethoxy-trans-stilbene
(E)-3,4,3',5'-tetramethoxystilbene: from the leaves of Eugenia rigida; structure in first source		3.5110
enalapril
Enalapril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that is used to treat HYPERTENSION and HEART FAILURE.. enalapril : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration).		3.2310dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
prodrug
trientine hydrochloride
[no description available]		3.2310
n-methylscopolamine bromide
scopolamine methobromide : A quaternary ammonium salt resulting from the reaction of the amino group of scopolamine with methyl bromide.		3.2310
bleomycin
[no description available]		3.2310bleomycinantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
enalaprilat anhydrous
Enalaprilat: The active metabolite of ENALAPRIL and one of the potent, intravenously administered, ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS. It is an effective agent for the treatment of essential hypertension and has beneficial hemodynamic effects in heart failure. The drug produces renal vasodilation with an increase in sodium excretion.. enalaprilat dihydrate : The dihydrate form of enalaprilat, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor that is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is administered by intravenous injection.. enalaprilat (anhydrous) : Enalapril in which the ethyl ester group has been hydrolysed to the corresponding carboxylic acid. Enalaprilat is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and is used (often in the form of its prodrug, enalapril) in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure, for reduction of proteinuria and renal disease in patients with nephropathies, and for the prevention of stroke, myocardial infarction, and cardiac death in high-risk patients. Unlike enalapril, enalaprilat is not absorbed by mouth but is given by intravenous injection, usually as the dihydrate.		3.5820dicarboxylic acid;
dipeptide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
ximelagatran
ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this. ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage.		3.2310amidoxime;
azetidines;
carboxamide;
ethyl ester;
hydroxylamines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
tertiary carboxamide		anticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
prodrug;
serine protease inhibitor
pradimicin a
pradimicin A: from actinomycete strain No. P157-2; has inhibitory effect against HIV in vitro; structure given in first source. pradimicin A : A member of the class of pradimicins that is isolated from the cultured broth of Actinomadura hibisca No. P157-2 (ATCC 53557).		3.3510aromatic ether;
carboxylic acid;
disaccharide derivative;
L-alanine derivative;
p-quinones;
polyphenol;
pradimicin;
secondary alcohol
cefuroxime
[no description available]		3.58203-(carbamoyloxymethyl)cephalosporin;
furans;
oxime O-ether		drug allergen
ceftriaxone
[no description available]		3.58201,2,4-triazines;
1,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
cefepime
Cefepime: A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibacterial agent that is used in the treatment of infections, including those of the abdomen, urinary tract, respiratory tract, and skin. It is effective against PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA and may also be used in the empiric treatment of FEBRILE NEUTROPENIA.. cefepime : A cephalosporin bearing (1-methylpyrrolidinium-1-yl)methyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton.		3.5820cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug
hr 810
cefpirome: structure in first source. cefpirome : A fourth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having 6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]pyridinium-1-ylmethyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively.		2.0410cephalosporin;
cyclopentapyridine
pafuramidine
pafuramidine: a prodrug of furamidine		3.2310
ceftazidime
[no description available]		3.5820cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
trandolapril
trandolapril : A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension.		3.2310dicarboxylic acid monoester;
dipeptide;
ethyl ester;
organic heterobicyclic compound;
secondary amino compound;
tertiary carboxamide		antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
prodrug
pregabalin
Pregabalin: A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) derivative that functions as a CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER and is used as an ANTICONVULSANT as well as an ANTI-ANXIETY AGENT. It is also used as an ANALGESIC in the treatment of NEUROPATHIC PAIN and FIBROMYALGIA.. pregabalin : A gamma-amino acid that is gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) carrying an isobutyl substitutent at the beta-position (the S-enantiomer). Binds with high affinity to the alpha2-delta site (an auxiliary subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels) in central nervous system tissues.		3.2310gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
calcium channel blocker
cefetamet
cefetamet: active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae; structure given in first source. cefetamet : A cephalosporin compound having methyl and [(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side-groups; a cephalosporin antibiotic active against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.		2.0410cephalosporin
alvimopan anhydrous
alvimopan: mu opioid receptor antagonist; intended to treat constipation in patients taking opiates for pain		3.2310peptide
aliskiren
aliskiren: orally active nonpeptidic renin inhibitor. aliskiren : A monomethoxybenzene compound having a 3-methoxypropoxy group at the 2-position and a multi-substituted branched alkyl substituent at the 4-position.		3.2310monocarboxylic acid amide;
monomethoxybenzene		antihypertensive agent
famotidine
[no description available]		3.58201,3-thiazoles;
guanidines;
sulfonamide		anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor
cefotaxime
Cefotaxime: Semisynthetic broad-spectrum cephalosporin.. cefotaxime : A cephalosporin compound having acetoxymethyl and [2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups.		3.58201,3-thiazoles;
cephalosporin;
oxime O-ether		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
aztreonam
[no description available]		3.5820beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
monobactam		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen;
EC 2.4.1.129 (peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase) inhibitor
proguanil
Proguanil: A biguanide compound which metabolizes in the body to form cycloguanil, an anti-malaria agent.. proguanil : A biguanide compound which has isopropyl and p-chlorophenyl substituents on the terminal N atoms. A prophylactic antimalarial drug, it works by inhibiting the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase, which is involved in the reproduction of the malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax within the red blood cells.		3.5110biguanides;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
monorden
monorden: inhibits HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins, DNA topoisomerase VI and human Topoisomerase II		3.3510cyclic ketone;
enone;
epoxide;
macrolide antibiotic;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antifungal agent;
metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
ginkgolide b
[no description available]		2.0410
cefpodoxime
[no description available]		3.2310carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
palonosetron
Palonosetron: Isoquinoline and quinuclidine derivative that acts as a 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist. It is used in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy, and for the prevention of post-operative nausea and vomiting.. palonosetron : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is an antiemetic used (as its hydrochloride salt) in combination with netupitant (under the trade name Akynzeo) to treat nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy.		3.5820azabicycloalkane;
delta-lactam;
organic heterotricyclic compound		antiemetic;
serotonergic antagonist
cefatrizine
Cefatrizine: Orally active semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity.. cefatrizine : A cephalosporin compound having (1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-ylsulfanyl)methyl and [(2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)]acetamido side-groups. An antibacterial drug first prepared in the 1970s, it has more recently been found to be an inhibitor of eukaryotic elongation factor-2 kinase (eEF2K), which is known to regulate apoptosis, autophagy and ER stress in many types of human cancers.		2.0410amino acid amide;
carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin;
phenols;
semisynthetic derivative;
triazoles		antibacterial drug;
EC 2.7.11.20 (elongation factor 2 kinase) inhibitor
pyrachlostrobin
pyraclostrobin : A carbamate ester that is the methyl ester of [2-({[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]methoxycarbamic acid. A fungicide used to control major plant pathogens including Septoria tritici, Puccinia spp. and Pyrenophora teres.		2.0310aromatic ether;
carbamate ester;
carbanilate fungicide;
methoxycarbanilate strobilurin antifungal agent;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrazoles		antifungal agrochemical;
environmental contaminant;
mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor;
xenobiotic
eniporide
eniporide: inhibits NHE-1 isoform; structure in first source		2.0410
cilastatin
[no description available]		2.0410carboxamide;
L-cysteine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
organic sulfide		EC 3.4.13.19 (membrane dipeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
protease inhibitor;
xenobiotic
rifaximin
[no description available]		3.2310acetate ester;
cyclic ketal;
lactam;
macrocycle;
organic heterohexacyclic compound;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative		antimicrobial agent;
gastrointestinal drug;
orphan drug
thermozymocidin
thermozymocidin: a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor; FTY720 is an analog		2.0310alpha-amino fatty acid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sphingoid		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
immunosuppressive agent
n(3)-(4-methoxyfumaroyl)-2,3-diaminopropionic acid
N(3)-(4-methoxyfumaroyl)-2,3-diaminopropionic acid: inhibits glucosamine synthetase in E coli; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (S-(E)-isomer). N(3)-(4-methoxyfumaroyl)-2,3-diaminopropionic acid : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by the formal condensation of the terminal amino group of 3-amino-L-alanine with the carboxy group of (2E)-4-methoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid.		3.3510enoate ester;
methyl ester;
monocarboxylic acid amide		metabolite
everolimus
[no description available]		3.2310cyclic acetal;
cyclic ketone;
ether;
macrolide lactam;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
mTOR inhibitor
ixabepilone
[no description available]		3.58201,3-thiazoles;
beta-hydroxy ketone;
epoxide;
lactam;
macrocycle		antineoplastic agent;
microtubule-destabilising agent
rilpivirine
[no description available]		3.5110aminopyrimidine;
nitrile		EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
azlocillin
Azlocillin: A semisynthetic ampicillin-derived acylureido penicillin.. azlocillin : A semisynthetic penicillin having a 6beta-{(2R)-2-[(2-oxoimidazolidine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenylacetyl}amino side-group. It is an antibiotic used in treating infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Haemophilus influenzae.		2.0410penicillin allergen;
penicillin;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug
verlukast
verlukast: LTD4 receptor antagonist		2.0410
ceftizoxime
[no description available]		3.5820cephalosporinantibacterial drug
1-methyl-d-lysergic acid butanolamide
[no description available]		3.2310ergot alkaloid;
monocarboxylic acid amide		serotonergic antagonist;
sympatholytic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
carumonam
carumonam: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2S-(2alpha,3alpha(Z))-isomer. carumonam : An N-sulfonated monobactam antibiotic.		2.0410monobactamantibacterial drug
nitrofurantoin
Nitrofurantoin: A urinary anti-infective agent effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Although sulfonamides and antibiotics are usually the agents of choice for urinary tract infections, nitrofurantoin is widely used for prophylaxis and long-term suppression.. nitrofurantoin : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione that is hydantoin substituted at position 1 by a [(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino group. An antibiotic that damages bacterial DNA.		3.5820imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
nitrofuran antibiotic;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
hepatotoxic agent
eritoran
eritoran : A lipid A derivative used for the treatment of severe sepsis.		2.0410lipid As
dantrolene
[no description available]		3.5820
cefdinir
[no description available]		3.2310cephalosporin;
ketoxime		antibacterial drug
etonogestrel
[no description available]		3.231017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		contraceptive drug;
female contraceptive drug;
progestin
artesunate
artesunic acid: RN given for (3R-(3alpha,5abeta,6beta,8abeta,9alpha,10alpha,12beta,(2aR*))-isomer; succinic ester of artemether		2.0410artemisinin derivative;
cyclic acetal;
dicarboxylic acid monoester;
hemisuccinate;
semisynthetic derivative;
sesquiterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
ferroptosis inducer
dexniguldipine
niguldipine: structure given in first source; clinical modulator of multidrug resistance		2.0410diarylmethane
3'-hydroxybenanomicin a
3'-hydroxybenanomicin A: structure given in first source; derived from PRM FA-2		3.3510
napsagatran
napsagatran: structure given in first source		2.0410
temsirolimus
[no description available]		3.5820macrolide lactam
dutasteride
Dutasteride: A 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR that is reported to inhibit both type-1 and type2 isoforms of the enzyme and is used to treat BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA.. dutasteride : An aza-steroid that is inasteride in which the tert-butyl group is replaced by a 2,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group. A synthetic 4-azasteroid, dutasteride is a selective inhibitor of both the type 1 and type 2 isoforms of steroid 5alpha-reductase, an intracellular enzyme that converts testosterone to 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. Dutasteride is used for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia in men with an enlarged prostate gland.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aza-steroid;
delta-lactam		antihyperplasia drug;
EC 1.3.1.22 [3-oxo-5alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor
isavuconazole
isavuconazole : A 1,3-thiazole that is butan-2-ol which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 3 by 1,2,4-triazol-1-yl, 2,5-difluorophenyl, and 4-(p-cyanophenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl groups, respectively. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis and invasive mucormycosis.		3.63201,3-thiazoles;
conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor;
ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor;
orphan drug
lu 208075
ambrisentan: an ET(A) receptor antagonist and antihypertensive agent; studied for use in pulmonary arterial hypertension		3.2310diarylmethane
bms188797
[no description available]		2.0410
bibx 1382bs
BIBX 1382BS: an ErbB receptor kinase inhibitor; no further information available 4/2001		3.2310substituted aniline
fesoterodine
fesoterodine: a muscarinic antagonist for treatment of overactive bladder		3.2310diarylmethane
azimilide
azimilide: structure given in first source; RN given refers to dihydrochloride		2.0410imidazolidine-2,4-dione
gemifloxacin
Gemifloxacin: A naphthyridine and fluoroquinolone derivative antibacterial agent and DNA TOPOISOMERASE II inhibitor that is used for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia and acute bacterial infections associated with chronic bronchitis.. gemifloxacin : A 1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine with a carboxy group at the 3-position, an oxo sustituent at the 4-position, a fluoro substituent at the 5-position and a substituted pyrrolin-1-yl group at the 7-position.		3.23101,8-naphthyridine derivative;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor
dexlansoprazole
Dexlansoprazole: The R-isomer of lansoprazole that is used to treat severe GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.		3.2310benzimidazoles;
sulfoxide
fosinopril
[no description available]		3.2310
armodafinil
armodafinil : A 2-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamide that has R configuration at the sulfur atom. Like its racemate, modafinil, it is used for the treatment of sleeping disorders such as narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnoea, and shift-work sleep disorder. Peak concentration in the blood later occurs later following administration than with modafinil, so it is thought that armodafinil may be more effective than modafinil in treating people with excessive daytime sleepiness.		3.23102-[(diphenylmethyl)sulfinyl]acetamidecentral nervous system stimulant;
eugeroic
tomopenem
[no description available]		2.0410
timcodar
timcodar: a mutlidrug resistance inhibitor; structure in first source		3.5110
sincalide
Sincalide: An octapeptide hormone present in the intestine and brain. When secreted from the gastric mucosa, it stimulates the release of bile from the gallbladder and digestive enzymes from the pancreas.		3.2310oligopeptide
tapentadol
Tapentadol: An opioid analgesic, MU OPIOID RECEPTOR agonist, and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor that is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, and of pain associated with DIABETIC NEUROPATHIES.		3.2310alkylbenzene
bb-83698
BB-83698: peptide deformylase inhibitor		2.0410
pentagastrin
Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.		3.2310organic molecular entity
cefditoren
cefditoren: structure given in first source; RN given refers to the (6R-(3(Z),6alpha,7beta(Z)))-isomer. cefditoren : A broad spectrum, third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with (Z)-2-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)ethenyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Generally administered as its orally absorbed pivaloyloxymethyl ester prodrug, it is used for the treatment of mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngitis/tonsillitis, and uncomplicated skin and skin-structure infections.		3.2310carboxylic acid;
cephalosporin		antibacterial drug
zotarolimus
zotarolimus: synthetic analog of rapamycin; structure in first source		2.0410lactam;
macrolide
gentamicin sulfate
[no description available]		2.0410
bn 52020
[no description available]		2.0410
tivozanib
N-(2-chloro-4-((6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy)phenyl)-N'-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolyl)urea: KNR-951 is the HCl, monohydrate salt; an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source		3.5110aromatic ether
yw 3548
YW 3548: inhibits glycosylphosphatidylinositol synthesis; structure in first source. YW3548 : A terpene lactone that is obtained from Codinea simplex and acts as an inhibitor of glycerophosphoinositol biosynthesis.		3.3510olefinic compound;
terpene lactone;
tertiary alcohol		fungal metabolite;
glycerophosphoinositol synthesis inhibitor
pazopanib
pazopanib: a protein kinase inhibitor. pazopanib : A pyrimidine that is 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl}amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide substituted at position 4 by a (2,3-dimethylindazol-6-yl)(methyl)amino group. Used as its hydrochloride salt for treatment of kidney cancer.		3.2310aminopyrimidine;
indazoles;
sulfonamide		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
prasugrel hydrochloride
Prasugrel Hydrochloride: A piperazine derivative and PLATELET AGGREGATION INHIBITOR that is used to prevent THROMBOSIS in patients with ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME; UNSTABLE ANGINA and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, as well as in those undergoing PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS.. prasugrel hydrochloride : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-prasugrel hydrochloride. Used to prevent blood clots in people with acute coronary syndrome who are undergoing a procedure after a recent heart attack or stroke, and in people with certain disorders of the heart or blood vessels.		3.2310
ko 143
[no description available]		3.5110beta-carbolines;
tert-butyl ester
6-nonadecynoic acid
6-nonadecynoic acid: from the roots of Pentagonia gigantifolia; structure in first source		2.0410
baci-im
[no description available]		3.2310homodetic cyclic peptide;
polypeptide;
zwitterion		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent
regorafenib
[no description available]		3.5110(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		antineoplastic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
bms 477118
[no description available]		3.2310adamantanes;
azabicycloalkane;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
nitrile;
tertiary alcohol		EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent
picoxystrobin
picoxystrobin: a fungicide. picoxystrobin : An enoate ester that is the methyl ester of (2E)-3-methoxy-2-[2-({[6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid. A cereal fungicide used to control a wide range of diseases including brown rust, tan spot, powdery mildew and net blotch.		2.0310aromatic ether;
enoate ester;
enol ether;
methoxyacrylate strobilurin antifungal agent;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines		antifungal agrochemical;
mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor
nystatin a1
Nystatin: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces noursei, S. aureus, and other Streptomyces species. The biologically active components of the complex are nystatin A1, A2, and A3.. nystatin : A heterogeneous mixture of polyene compounds produced by cultures of Streptomyces noursei. It mainly consists of three biologically active components designated nystatin A1, nystatin A2, and nystatin A3. It is used to treat oral and dermal fungal infections.. nystatin A1 : A polyene macrolide antibiotic; part of the nystatin complex produced by several Streptomyces species. It is an antifungal antibiotic used for the treatment of topical fungal infections caused by a broad spectrum of fungal pathogens comprising yeast-like and filamentous species.		4.2750nystatins
milnacipran
[no description available]		3.2310acetamides
vindesine
[no description available]		2.0410
fostamatinib
fostamatinib: a spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor, metabolized to R406		3.5110
scopolamine hydrobromide
[no description available]		3.5820
bisaramil
[no description available]		2.0410
bivalirudin
bivalirudin: designed to bind to the alpha-thrombin catalytic site and anion-binding exosite for fibrin(ogen) recognition. bivalirudin : A synthetic peptide of 20 amino acids, comprising D-Phe, Pro, Arg, Pro, Gly, Gly, Gly, Gly, Asn, Gly, Asp, Phe, Glu, Glu, Ile, Pro, Glu, Glu, Tyr, and Leu in sequence. A congener of hirudin (a naturally occurring drug found in the saliva of the medicinal leech), it a specific and reversible inhibitor of thrombin, and is used as an anticoagulant.		3.2310polypeptideanticoagulant;
EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor
teicoplanin
teicoplanin A2-1 : A teicoplanin A2 that has (4Z)-dec-4-enoyl as the variable N-acyl group.		2.0410
enfuvirtide
Enfuvirtide: A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide that corresponds to the heptad repeat sequence of HIV-1 gp41. It blocks HIV cell fusion and viral entry and is used with other anti-retrovirals for combination therapy of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS.. enfuvirtide : A synthetic 36-amino acid peptide consisting of N-acetyltyrosyl, threonyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, histidyl, seryl, leucyl, isoleucyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, seryl, glutaminyl, asparaginyl, glutaminyl, glutaminyl, alpha-glutamyl, lysyl, asparaginyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, leucyl, alpha-glutamyl, leucyl, alpha-aspartyl, lysyl, tryptophyl, alanyl, seryl, leucyl, tryptophyl, asparaginyl, tryptophyl, and phenylalaninamide residues joined in sequence. An HIV fusion inhibitor, it was the first of a novel class of antiretroviral drugs used in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. It interferes with entry of HIV into cells by binding to the gp41 sub-unit of the viral envelope glycoprotein, so inhibiting fusion of viral and cellular membranes.		3.2310
ganirelix
[no description available]		3.2310polypeptide
teriparatide
[no description available]		3.2310polypeptide
salmon calcitonin
[no description available]		3.2310heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone;
polypeptide		bone density conservation agent;
metabolite
ly-146032
[no description available]		3.5820heterodetic cyclic peptide;
lipopeptide antibiotic;
lipopeptide;
macrocycle;
macrolide		antibacterial drug;
bacterial metabolite;
calcium-dependent antibiotics
dalbavancin
[no description available]		2.0410carbohydrate acid derivative;
glycopeptide;
monosaccharide derivative;
semisynthetic derivative		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ilys-prolyl-alaninamide
acetyl-2-naphthylalanyl-3-chlorophenylalanyl-1-oxohexadecyl-seryl-4-aminophenylalanyl(hydroorotyl)-4-aminophenylalanyl(carbamoyl)-leucyl-ILys-prolyl-alaninamide: FE-200486 is the acetate salt		3.2310polypeptide
exenatide
[no description available]		3.2310
3-(3-(4-((pyridin-2-yloxy)methyl)benzyl)isoxazol-5-yl)pyridin-2-amine
APX001A: has antifungal activity; structure in first source		3.3510
mesna
Mesna: A sulfhydryl compound used to prevent urothelial toxicity by inactivating metabolites from ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS, such as IFOSFAMIDE or CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE.		3.2310organosulfonic acid
sodium lactate
Sodium Lactate: The sodium salt of racemic or inactive lactic acid. It is a hygroscopic agent used intravenously as a systemic and urinary alkalizer.. sodium lactate : An organic sodium salt having lactate as the counterion.		3.2310lactate salt;
organic sodium salt		food acidity regulator;
food preservative
sodium iothalamate
[no description available]		3.2310
gdc 0449
HhAntag691: inhibits the hedgehog pathway and ABC transporters; has antineoplastic activity		3.5110benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
sulfone		antineoplastic agent;
Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor;
SMO receptor antagonist;
teratogenic agent
ponatinib
[no description available]		3.5110(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
acetylenic compound;
benzamides;
imidazopyridazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antineoplastic agent;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
cetrorelix
cetrorelix: LHRH antagonist. cetrorelix : A synthetic ten-membered oligopeptide comprising N-acetyl-3-(naphthalen-2-yl)-D-alanyl, 4-chloro-D-phenylalanyl, 3-(pyridin-3-yl)-D-alanyl, L-seryl, L-tyrosyl, N(5)-carbamoyl-D-ornithyl, L-leucyl, L-arginyl, L-prolyl, and D-alaninamide residues coupled in sequence. A gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist, it is used for treatment of infertility and of hormone-sensitive cancers of the prostate and breast.		3.5820oligopeptideantineoplastic agent;
GnRH antagonist
cobicistat
[no description available]		3.51101,3-thiazoles;
carbamate ester;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
morpholines;
ureas		P450 inhibitor
enfumafungin
enfumafungin: from endophytic Hormonema species; structure in first source. enfumafungin : A triterpene glycoside and hemiacetal isolated from a fermentation of Hormonema sp. and which specifically inhibits glucan synthesis in fungal cells.		3.3510lactol;
monosaccharide derivative;
triterpenoid saponin		antifungal agent
mk-3118
ibrexafungerp: a glucan synthase inhibitor with antifungal activity; structure in first source		2.3110
alectinib
[no description available]		3.5110aromatic ketone;
morpholines;
nitrile;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
piperidines		antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		3.2310ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
raltegravir
[no description available]		3.23101,2,4-oxadiazole;
dicarboxylic acid amide;
hydroxypyrimidine;
monofluorobenzenes;
pyrimidone;
secondary carboxamide		antiviral drug;
HIV-1 integrase inhibitor
novobiocin
Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.		3.5110carbamate ester;
ether;
hexoside;
hydroxycoumarin;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		3.5820
chlortetracycline
Chlortetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE with a 7-chloro substitution.. chlortetracycline : A member of the class of tetracyclines with formula C22H23ClN2O8 isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens.		2.0410
oxytetracycline, anhydrous
Oxytetracycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog isolated from the actinomycete STREPTOMYCES RIMOSUS and used in a wide variety of clinical conditions.. oxytetracycline : A tetracycline used for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae (respiratory infections), and Diplococcus pneumoniae.		3.5820
minocycline
Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.		3.5820
piroxicam
[no description available]		3.2310benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
roquinimex
roquinimex: structure in first source		2.0410aromatic amide
mobic
Meloxicam: A benzothiazine and thiazole derivative that acts as a NSAID and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; OSTEOARTHRITIS; and ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS.. meloxicam : A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis.		3.58201,3-thiazoles;
benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex
tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.		2.0410heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
isoxicam
isoxicam : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is piroxicam in which the pyrid-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,2-oxazol-3-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it was withdrawn from the market in the 1980s following its association with cases of Stevens-Johnson syndrome.		2.0410benzothiazine;
isoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antirheumatic drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		3.5820benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
demeclocycline
Demeclocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog having a 7-chloro and a 6-methyl. Because it is excreted more slowly than tetracycline, it maintains effective blood levels for longer periods of time.. demeclocycline : Tetracycline which lacks the methyl substituent at position 7 and in which the hydrogen para- to the phenolic hydroxy group is substituted by chlorine. Like tetracycline, it is an antibiotic, but being excreted more slowly, effective blood levels are maintained for longer. It is used (mainly as the hydrochloride) for the treatment of Lyme disease, acne and bronchitis, as well as for hyponatraemia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.		3.5820
tipranavir
tipranavir: inhibits HIV-1 protease. tipranavir : A pyridine-2-sulfonamide substituted at C-5 by a trifluoromethyl group and at the sulfonamide nitrogen by a dihydropyrone-containing m-tolyl substituent. It is an HIV-1 protease inhibitor.		3.2310sulfonamideantiviral drug;
HIV protease inhibitor
rolitetracycline
Rolitetracycline: A pyrrolidinylmethyl TETRACYCLINE.. rolitetracycline : A derivative of tetracycline in which the amide function is substituted with a pyrrolidinomethyl group.		2.0410
tigecycline
[no description available]		3.5820
ilicicolin h
ilicicolin H: structure in first source. ilicicolin H : An aromatic ketone in which the ketone carbonyl group is attached to a (1R,2R,4aS,7S,8aR)-4,7-dimethyl-1-[(1E)-prop-1-en-1-yl]-1,2,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-2-yl group and a 4-hydroxy-5-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridin-3-yl group. Isolated from the from the "imperfect" fungus Cylindrocladium iliciola strain MFC-870.		2.0710aromatic ketone;
carbobicyclic compound;
ilicicolin;
monohydroxypyridine;
octahydronaphthalenes;
phenols;
pyridone		antimicrobial agent;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
fertinex
[no description available]		3.2310
entecavir
entecavir (anhydrous) : Guanine substituted at the 9 position by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylidenecyclopentyl group. A synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine, it is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with selective antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus. Entecavir is phosphorylated intracellularly to the active triphosphate form, which competes with deoxyguanosine triphosphate, the natural substrate of hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase, inhibiting every stage of the enzyme's activity, although it has no activity against HIV. It is used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.		3.23102-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
primary alcohol;
secondary alcohol		antiviral drug;
EC 2.7.7.49 (RNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor
chir 258
[no description available]		3.5110
acyclovir
Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.		3.58202-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug
folic acid
folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.		3.2310folic acids;
N-acyl-amino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		4.4230cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine
Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.		3.5820benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
GABA antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
xenobiotic
dacarbazine
(E)-dacarbazine : A dacarbazine in which the N=N double bond adopts a trans-configuration.		3.5820dacarbazine
didanosine
Didanosine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. Didanosine is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase; ddI is then metabolized to dideoxyadenosine triphosphate, its putative active metabolite.. didanosine : A purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside that is inosine in which the hydroxy groups at both the 2' and the 3' positions on the sugar moiety have been replaced by hydrogen. An antiviral drug, it is used as a medication to treat HIV/AIDS.		3.5820purine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.4.2.1 (purine-nucleoside phosphorylase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
ganciclovir
[no description available]		3.58202-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antiinfective agent;
antiviral drug
valacyclovir
Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES.		3.2310L-valyl esterantiviral drug
sildenafil
sildenafil : A pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-7-one having a methyl substituent at the 1-position, a propyl substituent at the 3-position and a 2-ethoxy-5-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)sulfonyl]phenyl group at the 5-position.		3.5820piperazines;
pyrazolopyrimidine;
sulfonamide		EC 3.1.4.35 (3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
olanzapine
Olanzapine: A benzodiazepine derivative that binds SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS; HISTAMINE H1 RECEPTORS; ADRENERGIC ALPHA-1 RECEPTORS; and DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. It is an antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of SCHIZOPHRENIA; BIPOLAR DISORDER; and MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; it may also reduce nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing chemotherapy.. olanzapine : A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4.		3.2310benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine		antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
penciclovir
penciclovir : A member of the class of 2-aminopurines that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 9 is substituted by a 4-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)but-1-yl group. An antiviral drug, it is administered topically for treatment of herpes labialis. A prodrug, famciclovir, is used for oral administration.		2.04102-aminopurines;
propane-1,3-diols		antiviral drug
vardenafil
vardenafil : The sulfonamide resulting from formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-ethoxy-3-(5-methyl-7-propylimidazo[5,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-4(1H)-one-2-yl)benzenesulfonic acid and the secondary amino group of 4-ethylpiperazine.		3.5820imidazotriazine;
N-alkylpiperazine;
N-sulfonylpiperazine		EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
allopurinol
Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.		3.5820nucleobase analogue;
organic heterobicyclic compound		antimetabolite;
EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor;
gout suppressant;
radical scavenger
citrovorum factor
[no description available]		3.2310tetrahydrofolic acid
leucovorin
5-formyltetrahydrofolic acid : A formyltetrahydrofolic acid in which the formyl group is located at position 5.		3.5820formyltetrahydrofolic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
rifapentine
rifapentine: cyclopentyl derivative of rifampicin		3.2310N-alkylpiperazine;
N-iminopiperazine;
rifamycins		antitubercular agent;
leprostatic drug
bl 4162a
anagrelide: imidazoquinazoline derivative which lowers platelet count probably by inhibiting thrombopoiesis and reduces platelet aggregation; used for thrombocythemia; structure in first source. anagrelide : A 1,5-dihydroimidazo[2,1-]quinazoline having an oxo substituent at the 2-position and chloro substituents at the 6- and 7-positions.		3.2310imidazoquinazolineanticoagulant;
antifibrinolytic drug;
cardiovascular drug;
platelet aggregation inhibitor
tegaserod
tegaserod: a nonbenzamide 5-hydroxytryptamine(4) agonist; used in treatment of irritable bowel syndrome; marketing suspended 2007 in US due to higher incidence of MI, stroke, and unstable angina; structure given in first source		3.5820carboxamidine;
guanidines;
hydrazines;
indoles		gastrointestinal drug;
serotonergic agonist
pemetrexed
pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).		3.2310N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
tirapazamine
Tirapazamine: A triazine derivative that introduces breaks into DNA strands in hypoxic cells, sensitizing tumor cells to the cytotoxic activity of other drugs and radiation.. tirapazamine : A member of the class of benzotriazines that is 1,2,4-benzotriazine carrying an amino substituent at position 3 and two oxido substituents at positions 1 and 4.		2.0410aromatic amine;
benzotriazines;
N-oxide		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer
valganciclovir
Valganciclovir: A ganciclovir prodrug and antiviral agent that is used to treat CYTOMEGALOVIRUS RETINITIS in patients with AIDS, and for the prevention of CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS in organ transplant recipients who have received an organ from a CMV-positive donor.. valganciclovir : The L-valinyl ester of ganciclovir, into which it is rapidly converted by intestinal and hepatic esterases. It is a synthetic analogue of 2'-deoxyguanosine.		3.2310L-valyl ester;
purines		antiviral drug;
prodrug
aprepitant
Aprepitant: A morpholine neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist that is used in the management of nausea and vomiting caused by DRUG THERAPY, and for the prevention of POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING.. aprepitant : A morpholine-based antiemetic, which is or the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy. Aprepitant is a selective high-affinity antagonist of human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors.		3.5820(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
triazoles		antidepressant;
antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
peripheral nervous system drug;
substance P receptor antagonist
fosaprepitant
fosaprepitant: a pro-drug form of aprepitant. fosaprepitant : A morpholine derivative that is the (1R)-1-[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethyl ether of (3-{[(2R,3S)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxymorpholin-4-yl]methyl}-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)phosphonic acid.		3.2310(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
cyclic acetal;
morpholines;
phosphoramide;
triazoles		antiemetic;
neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist;
prodrug
ceftobiprole
ceftobiprole: BAL5788 is Ceftobiprole medocaril sodium. ceftobiprole : A fifth-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having (E)-[(3'R)-2-oxo[1,3'-bipyrrolidin]-3-ylidene]methyl and [(2Z)-2-(5-amino-1,2,4-thiadiazol-3-yl)-2-(hydroxyimino)acetyl]amino side groups located at positions 3 and 7 respectively; developed for the treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP, excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia, VAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).		2.0410cephalosporin;
thiadiazoles		antimicrobial agent
rifabutin
[no description available]		3.5820
amg531
[no description available]		3.5110
levomefolate calcium
levomefolate calcium: an ingredient in Contraceptives, Oral, Combined. levomefolate calcium : An organic calcium salt of (6S)-5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid.		3.2310organic calcium saltantidepressant
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Candida Infection
[description not available]		04.72280
Candidiasis
Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)		16.72280
Entomophthoramycosis
[description not available]		02.0310
Zygomycosis
Infection in humans and animals caused by fungi in the class Zygomycetes. It includes MUCORMYCOSIS and entomophthoramycosis. The latter is a tropical infection of subcutaneous tissue or paranasal sinuses caused by fungi in the order Entomophthorales. Phycomycosis, closely related to zygomycosis, describes infection with members of Phycomycetes, an obsolete classification.		02.0310
Health Care Associated Infection
[description not available]		02.0310
Fungemia
The presence of fungi circulating in the blood. Opportunistic fungal sepsis is seen most often in immunosuppressed patients with severe neutropenia or in postoperative patients with intravenous catheters and usually follows prolonged antibiotic therapy.		03.2960
Cross Infection
Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution.		02.0310
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.0310
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		02.0310
Mucorales Infection
[description not available]		02.4520
Mucormycosis
Infection in humans and animals caused by any fungus in the order MUCORALES (e.g., RHIZOPUS; MUCOR; CUNNINGHAMELLA; APOPHYSOMYCES; ABSIDIA; SAKSENAEA and RHIZOMUCOR) There are many clinical types associated with infection including central nervous system, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, orbit and paranasal sinuses. In humans, it usually occurs as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION.		02.4520
Aspergillus Infection
[description not available]		04.4780
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
[description not available]		02.0310
Aspergillosis
Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.		16.4780
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.		02.0310
Fungal Diseases
[description not available]		04.2460
Mycoses
Diseases caused by FUNGI.		16.2460
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		03.940
Fungal Lung Diseases
[description not available]		02.0410
Neutropenia
A decrease in the number of NEUTROPHILS found in the blood.		02.4520
Opportunistic Infections
An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.		02.0410
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas
[description not available]		02.0410
Infections, Respiratory
[description not available]		02.0410
Cystic Fibrosis
An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.		02.0410
Respiratory Tract Infections
Invasion of the host RESPIRATORY SYSTEM by microorganisms, usually leading to pathological processes or diseases.		02.0410
Hematologic Malignancies
[description not available]		02.0410
Hematologic Neoplasms
Neoplasms located in the blood and blood-forming tissue (the bone marrow and lymphatic tissue). The commonest forms are the various types of LEUKEMIA, of LYMPHOMA, and of the progressive, life-threatening forms of the MYELODYSPLASTIC SYNDROMES.		02.0410
Diathesis
[description not available]		02.0510
Geotrichosis
Infection due to the fungus Geotrichum.		02.0510
Eye Infections, Fungal
Infection by a variety of fungi, usually through four possible mechanisms: superficial infection producing conjunctivitis, keratitis, or lacrimal obstruction; extension of infection from neighboring structures - skin, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx; direct introduction during surgery or accidental penetrating trauma; or via the blood or lymphatic routes in patients with underlying mycoses.		02.0510
Chromoblastomycosis
Scaly papule or warty growth, caused by five fungi, that spreads as a result of satellite lesions affecting the foot or leg. The extremity may become swollen and, at its distal portion, covered with various nodular, tumorous, verrucous lesions that resemble cauliflower. In rare instances, the disease may begin on the hand or wrist and involve the entire upper extremity. (Arnold, Odom, and James, Andrew's Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p362)		02.0510
Actinomycetoma
[description not available]		02.0510
Mycetoma
A chronic progressive subcutaneous infection caused by species of fungi (eumycetoma), or actinomycetes (actinomycetoma). It is characterized by tumefaction, abscesses, and tumor-like granules representing microcolonies of pathogens, such as MADURELLA fungi and bacteria ACTINOMYCETES, with different grain colors.		02.0510
Aspergilloses, Bronchopulmonary
[description not available]		02.0510
Pulmonary Aspergillosis
Infections of the respiratory tract with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.		02.0510
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		02.0510
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced
[description not available]		03.4120
Adverse Drug Event
[description not available]		02.5220
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury
A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.		03.4120
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions
Disorders that result from the intended use of PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. Included in this heading are a broad variety of chemically-induced adverse conditions due to toxicity, DRUG INTERACTIONS, and metabolic effects of pharmaceuticals.		02.5220
Extravascular Hemolysis
[description not available]		03.0940
Hemolysis
The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.		03.0940
Keratitis
Inflammation of the cornea.		02.1510
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		03.3310
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		03.3310