Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Esophageal Spasm

A hypermotility disorder of the ESOPHAGUS that is characterized by spastic non-peristaltic responses to SWALLOWING; CHEST PAIN; and DYSPHAGIA.

Synonyms(3)

Synonym
Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse
Spasm, Esophageal
Esophageal Spasm

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Oesophageal spasm is a common empiric diagnosis clinically applied to patients with unexplained chest pain."( Castell, DO; Tutuian, R, 2006)
"Distal esophageal spasm is a rare motility disorder presenting principally with nonobstructive dysphagia and noncardiac chest pain."( Castell, D; Chowdhary, S; Elias, PS; Khalaf, M, 2018)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"In the second patient, severe esophageal spasm delayed therapy until IV nitroglycerin relieved the functional obstruction."( Higgins, GL; Murphy, JW; Rinder, HM, 1988)
"The cause of diffuse esophageal spasm (DES) has not been clearly established, and effective treatment is lacking."( Handa, M; Hayashi, H; Kanazawa, F; Kubo, C; Mine, K; Tsuchida, O; Yamamoto, H, 1999)

Research

Studies (58)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19904 (6.90)23.3326
1990's19 (32.76)12.5806
2000's16 (27.59)18.1394
2010's13 (22.41)28.8240
2020's6 (10.34)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
hydrochloric acid0low10
nitrates0low30
albuterol0low10
amitriptyline0low10
verapamil0low10
clomipramine0low10
diazepam0low10
dicyclomine0low10
valproic acid0low10
edrophonium0low10
medazepam0low10
molsidomine0low30
apnea0low10
nifedipine0low40
nitroglycerin0low30
nortriptyline0low10
omeprazole0low10
oxybutynin0low10
papaverine0low10
sumatriptan0low10
tofisopam0low10
trazodone0low10
trimebutine0low10
sorbitol0low10
hydroxyproline0low10
arginine0low10
isosorbide dinitrate0low10
pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid0low10
pyridostigmine bromide0low10
erythromycin0low10
sodium hydroxide0low10
barium sulfate0low100
tramadol0low30
diltiazem0medium21
fomesafen0low20
tretoquinol0low10
fluorodeoxyglucose f180low10
octylonium0low10
psyllium0low10
ergonovine0low30
buprenorphine0low10
drotaverin0low10
ranitidine0low20
hydrocodone0low10
oxycodone0low10
barium0low20
simethicone0low10
scopolamine hydrobromide0low10
glucagon0low10
technetium tc 99m sulfur colloid0low10
sildenafil citrate0medium31

Protein Targets (595)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
glp-1 receptor, partial7007
thioredoxin reductase100010
GLS protein8008
regulator of G-protein signaling 45005
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha140014
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha180018
NPYLR7B0011
arylsulfatase A5005
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2160016
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor5005
flap endonuclease 15005
peripheral myelin protein 229009
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3017017
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4017017
Bile salt export pump024024
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0224
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0022
60 kDa chaperonin0202
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0202
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0011
Delta-type opioid receptor0112
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0202
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase0202
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor 0013
60 kDa chaperonin 0202
10 kDa chaperonin 0202
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0124
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1014014
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase7007
Chain A, HADH2 protein6006
Chain B, HADH2 protein6006
USP1 protein, partial7007
NFKB1 protein, partial5005
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4120012
cytochrome P450 2D69009
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 17007
D(1A) dopamine receptor9009
chromobox protein homolog 19009
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor5005
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 14004
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 16006
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1100010
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0809
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B7007
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4016016
Albumin0033
High affinity nerve growth factor receptor0123
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10909
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2011114
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4012013
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10404
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30303
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0505
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5011012
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor012012
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20415
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1012014
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0404
D(2) dopamine receptor0808
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0808
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor010010
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0808
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A016319
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3011012
D(1A) dopamine receptor0808
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40102
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0808
Histamine H2 receptor010010
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0808
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A016016
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C017017
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B014014
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0516
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60303
Histamine H1 receptor0303
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter010010
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0303
Histamine H1 receptor0808
D(3) dopamine receptor016016
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0404
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0303
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A30001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B016016
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0808
Histamine H2 receptor83013
D(1A) dopamine receptor3003
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6010010
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70404
Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B0303
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha0303
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0617
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0808
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2011011
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0617
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0618
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0404
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0303
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0303
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0404
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0404
Ataxin-29009
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1011011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0404
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0404
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha0303
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha0303
Histamine H3 receptor0101
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha0303
ATAD5 protein, partial5005
TDP1 protein160016
Microtubule-associated protein tau3003
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 12002
lamin isoform A-delta10120012
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A1001
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE7007
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
phosphopantetheinyl transferase6006
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor9009
alpha-galactosidase2002
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor6006
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)5005
lethal factor (plasmid)3003
Cytochrome P450 3A408010
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial0002
Nitric oxide synthase, brain0001
Nitric oxide synthase, brain 0001
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0001
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0013
Cationic amino acid transporter 30101
Kappa-type opioid receptor0303
Kappa-type opioid receptor0314
interleukin 81001
GLI family zinc finger 39009
AR protein150015
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A15005
EWS/FLI fusion protein7007
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 17007
farnesoid X nuclear receptor5005
pregnane X nuclear receptor100010
G8008
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma8008
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor7007
aryl hydrocarbon receptor4004
activating transcription factor 63003
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a5005
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 28008
heat shock protein beta-13003
geminin100010
streptokinase A precursor0022
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase0001
Interferon beta100010
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 8008
30S ribosomal protein S60213
30S ribosomal protein S70213
50S ribosomal protein L150213
Cellular tumor antigen p538008
50S ribosomal protein L100213
50S ribosomal protein L110213
50S ribosomal protein L7/L120213
50S ribosomal protein L190213
50S ribosomal protein L10213
50S ribosomal protein L200213
50S ribosomal protein L270213
50S ribosomal protein L280213
50S ribosomal protein L290213
50S ribosomal protein L310213
50S ribosomal protein L31 type B0213
50S ribosomal protein L320213
50S ribosomal protein L330213
50S ribosomal protein L340213
50S ribosomal protein L350213
50S ribosomal protein L360213
30S ribosomal protein S100213
30S ribosomal protein S110213
30S ribosomal protein S120213
30S ribosomal protein S130213
30S ribosomal protein S160213
30S ribosomal protein S180213
30S ribosomal protein S190213
30S ribosomal protein S200213
30S ribosomal protein S20213
30S ribosomal protein S30213
30S ribosomal protein S40213
30S ribosomal protein S50213
30S ribosomal protein S80213
30S ribosomal protein S90213
50S ribosomal protein L130213
50S ribosomal protein L140213
50S ribosomal protein L160213
50S ribosomal protein L230213
30S ribosomal protein S150213
50S ribosomal protein L170213
50S ribosomal protein L210213
50S ribosomal protein L300213
50S ribosomal protein L60213
30S ribosomal protein S140213
30S ribosomal protein S170213
30S ribosomal protein S10213
50S ribosomal protein L180213
50S ribosomal protein L20213
50S ribosomal protein L30213
50S ribosomal protein L240213
50S ribosomal protein L40213
50S ribosomal protein L220213
50S ribosomal protein L50213
30S ribosomal protein S210213
50S ribosomal protein L250213
50S ribosomal protein L36 20213
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 18008
Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial0011
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial8008
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma7007
Fumarate hydratase5005
PPM1D protein2002
Thrombopoietin5005
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease2002
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)5005
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 38008
progesterone receptor7007
polyprotein5005
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta4004
caspase-32002
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)5005
Histone H2A.x3003
Spike glycoprotein0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a3003
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor2002
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d4004
mitogen-activated protein kinase 14004
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 15005
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 17007
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi73212
Transmembrane protease serine 20011
Procathepsin L0011
Replicase polyprotein 1a0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Cytochrome P450 2D60202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-173212
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0505
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta73212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-273212
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-573212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-373212
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-173212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-273212
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0303
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-473212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-373212
Trypanothione reductase0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-673212
Trypanothione reductase0101
Spike glycoprotein90110
Proteasome subunit alpha type-60011
D(2) dopamine receptor0303
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-173212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-373212
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-273212
Inositol monophosphatase 14004
Envelope glycoprotein0011
GABA theta subunit73212
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon73212
2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglycerate mutase1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid 0101
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]100010
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a4004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0202
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit3003
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 10001
Albumin0034
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB108117
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10224
Translocator protein0124
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20213
Glutamate receptor 23003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30213
Translocator protein0101
Translocator protein0101
Cholecystokinin receptor type A0101
Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50224
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 10101
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 54004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0202
SMAD family member 22002
SMAD family member 32002
Caspase-71001
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor3003
caspase-31001
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha3003
glucocerebrosidase2002
huntingtin isoform 24004
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 15005
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0303
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0606
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0404
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D0303
Cytochrome P450 2J20505
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0303
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 10202
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20415
dopamine D1 receptor2002
Cholinesterase0101
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 10001
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Acetylcholinesterase0303
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10404
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10405
Chain A, Beta-lactamase5005
Motilin receptor0011
acid sphingomyelinase1001
low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase isoform c0101
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK13003
Motilin receptor0112
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 31001
Chitinase B0101
Low molecular weight phosphotyrosine protein phosphatase0101
Cytochrome P450 1B10101
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10202
Luciferase4004
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit3003
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 10304
Carbonic anhydrase 20304
Carbonic anhydrase 40203
Carbonic anhydrase 60102
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0102
Carbonic anhydrase0202
Carbonic anhydrase 70102
Carbonic anhydrase 90102
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family 0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 130102
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0102
Mu-type opioid receptor0325
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X20011
Neutral amino acid transporter A0101
Asc-type amino acid transporter 10101
Neutral amino acid transporter B(0)0101
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 10101
Amino acid transporter0101
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor1001
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE2002
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase2002
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A2002
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase3003
pregnane X receptor2002
Smad32002
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)4004
hypothetical protein, conserved1001
nonstructural protein 11001
67.9K protein2002
Parkin1001
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B2002
IDH11001
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)2002
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
tumor necrosis factor1001
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX122002
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 13003
perilipin-50101
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA4004
perilipin-10101
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform a1001
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor2002
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor1001
plasminogen precursor1001
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor1001
1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5 isoform a0101
survival motor neuron protein isoform d3003
M-phase phosphoprotein 82002
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 11001
Bile salt export pump0303
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20011
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial0202
Integrin beta-32002
Cytochrome P450 1A20101
Integrin alpha-IIb2002
Adenosine receptor A30202
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150101
Phospholipase A2, membrane associated0001
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 50101
3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 1 0101
Thromboxane-A synthase 0101
Platelet-activating factor receptor0001
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 10101
Adenosine receptor A2a0101
Adenosine receptor A10202
Adenosine receptor A2a0101
3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 20101
C-C chemokine receptor type 20202
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma2002
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0101
C-terminal-binding protein 11001
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C0202
Leukotriene B4 receptor 10001
Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle0101
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 10011
Potassium channel subfamily K member 2 0101
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 20101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 20001
Sodium/iodide cotransporter0101
Carbonic anhydrase 150101
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor1001
ras-related protein Rab-9A2002
Cytochrome P450 2C80202
Cytochrome P450 2D10101
Cytochrome P450 2D260101
Cytochrome P450 2D30101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 10101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter0101
Cytochrome P450 2C190405
Cytochrome P450 2D40101
acetylcholinesterase3003
ClpP1001
Mcl-10101
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA11001
pyruvate kinase PKM isoform a1001
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0303
N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 10101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 0101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-10101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-30101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-20101
Bifunctional cytochrome P450/NADPH--P450 reductase0011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70203
Potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta0101
Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-60102
Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0101
Bombesin receptor subtype-30011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 0101
Fatty acid synthase0202
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-20101
Potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta0101
Potassium-transporting ATPase alpha chain 20001
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-30101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma0101
WD repeat-containing protein 50101
Glutathione S-transferase omega-10101
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A0101
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-40101
Cytosolic endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0112
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0303
MBT domain-containing protein 10101
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 40101
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 30101
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 10101
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Kappa-type opioid receptor0011
Kappa-type opioid receptor0101
Delta-type opioid receptor0112
Mu-type opioid receptor0011
Chain A, cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A0101
15-lipoxygenase, partial1001
hexokinase-4 isoform 11001
glucokinase regulatory protein1001
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 12002
cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0101
High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A0101
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 0101
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0101
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase, mitochondrial0101
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 30101
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 20101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A0101
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 171001
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0202
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B0202
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A0202
CREB-binding protein1001
cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A 0202
Phosphodiesterase 0101
cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A0102
endonuclease IV1001
Histamine H4 receptor0101
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 21001
Carbonic anhydrase 120001
Carbonic anhydrase 30001
Carbonic anhydrase 140001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0325
Carboxypeptidase M0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0214
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1E0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0101
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a1001
Cocaine esterase0101
Histone deacetylase 30202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90001
Cytochrome P450 2A60101
Tissue factor0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
Liver carboxylesterase 10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
Histone deacetylase 40202
Histone deacetylase 10202
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B70101
Histone deacetylase 70202
Histone deacetylase 20202
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC100202
Histone deacetylase 11 0202
Histone deacetylase 80202
NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial0101
Histone deacetylase 60202
Histone deacetylase 90202
Histone deacetylase 50202
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein1001
Glycoprotein0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20011
Catechol O-methyltransferase0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 30101
Delta-type opioid receptor0101
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 0214
Chloroquine resistance transporter0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10202
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]