Compounds > ilaprazole
Page last updated: 2024-12-08

ilaprazole

Description

ilaprazole: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID214351
CHEMBL ID2106370
CHEBI ID135544
SCHEMBL ID1179039
MeSH IDM0523237

Synonyms (44)

Synonym
aldenon
ilaprazole
iy-81149
iy 81149
CHEBI:135544
172152-36-2
2-[(4-methoxy-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)methylsulfinyl]-6-pyrrol-1-yl-1h-benzimidazole
iy81149
S3666
776q6xx45j ,
unii-776q6xx45j
ilaprazole [inn]
2-((rs)-((4-methoxy-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)sulfinyl)-5-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)-1h-benzimidazole
CHEMBL2106370
noltec
HRRXCXABAPSOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SCHEMBL1179039
ilaprazole [mart.]
ilaprazole [who-dd]
2-(((4-methoxy-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)methyl)sulfinyl)-6-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)-1h-benzo[d]imidazole
AC-24701
AKOS025401705
CS-6444
HY-101664
AKOS030524778
2-[(4-methoxy-3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)methylsulfinyl]-6-pyrrol-1-yl-1h-benzoimidazole
DB11964
gtpl10512
FT-0704889
2-[[(4-methoxy-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-6-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)-1h-benzimidazole
BCP08220
iy81149;iy 81149;ilaprazole
2-[(4-methoxy-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)methylsulfinyl]-5-pyrrol-1-yl-3h-benzoimidazole
2-[(4-methoxy-3-methyl-pyridin-2-yl)methylsulfinyl]-5-pyrrol-1-yl-3h-benzoimidazole
BS-15650
Q15051261
1h-benzimidazole,2-[[(4-methoxy-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-5-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)- (9ci)
AMY42072
CCG-268243
2-{[(4-methoxy-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-5-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)-1h-benzimidazole
iy 81149iy81149
XGA15236
DTXSID10870115
2-[[(4-methoxy-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-6-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)-1h-benzimidazole; 1h-benzimidazole, 2-[[(4-methoxy-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-5-(1h-pyrrol-1-yl)- (9ci); 2-[[(4-methoxy-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-6-(1h-pyrrol-1

Research Excerpts

Overview

Ilaprazole (IY-81149) is a new proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) not previously studied in human patients with ulcer disease. It is currently marketed in China and South Korea for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Ilaprazole is a new proton pump inhibitor and is currently marketed in China and South Korea for the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcer. "( Biotransformation of Ilaprazole in Human Liver Microsomes and Human: Role of CYP3A4 in Ilaprazole Clearance and Drug-Drug Interaction.
Pu, J; Tang, W; Wang, F; Zhu, M, 2018)		2.24
"Ilaprazole is a kind of benzimidazole proton-pump inhibitor, which was confirmed efficacious and safe in treatment of duodenal ulcer (DU). "( Ilaprazole Compared With Rabeprazole in the Treatment of Duodenal Ulcer: A Randomized, Double-blind, Active-controlled, Multicenter Study.
Fan, L; Haitang, H; Jielai, X; Ling, W; Xianghong, Q; Ying, H, 2019)		3.4
"Ilaprazole is a novel proton pump inhibitor that has been marketed as an oral therapy for acid-related diseases in China and Korea. "( Intravenous ilaprazole is more potent than oral ilaprazole against gastric lesions in rats.
Gong, ZH; Hou, XM; Hu, HT; Lu, XQ; Su, RB; Xie, HZ; Yu, G, 2014)		2.22
"Ilaprazole is a highly effective and safe PPI in the treatment of duodenal ulcers. "( Efficacy of ilaprazole in the treatment of duodenal ulcers: a meta-analysis.
Chen, G; Du, JF; Ji, XQ; Yu, B, 2014)		2.22
"1. Ilaprazole is a novel proton pump inhibitor and this is the first study to investigate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of intravenous ilaprazole in healthy volunteers. "( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous ilaprazole in healthy subjects after single ascending doses.
Hu, P; Jiang, J; Lang, L; Ou, N; Shi, R; Wang, H, 2016)		1.31
"Ilaprazole is a novel proton pump inhibitor that provides effective and long lasting inhibition of intragastric acid secretion. "( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Safety of Multiple-Infusion Ilaprazole in Healthy Chinese Subjects.
Hu, H; Hu, P; Jiang, J; Lang, L; Ou, N; Shi, R; Wang, H, 2016)		2.11
"Ilaprazole (IY-81149) is a new proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) not previously studied in human patients with ulcer disease. "( Randomized, parallel, double-blind comparison of the ulcer-healing effects of ilaprazole and omeprazole in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers.
Goh, KL; Ho, KY; Kim, DY; Kuan, A; Mahachai, V; Yoon, HM; Zaño, F, 2009)		2.02
"Ilaprazole is a new proton pump inhibitor designed for the treatment of gastric ulcers, and limited data is available on the metabolism of the drug. "( Identification of ilaprazole metabolites in human urine by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS and HPLC-NMR experiments.
Chen, Y; Guo, D; Hu, H; Shi, S; Tan, J; Tan, Z; Zhang, W; Zhou, G; Zhou, H, 2010)		2.14
"Ilaprazole is a new proton pump inhibitor, designed for treatment of gastric ulcers, and developed by Il-Yang Pharmaceutical Co (Seoul, Korea). "( Ilaprazole, a new proton pump inhibitor, is primarily metabolized to ilaprazole sulfone by CYP3A4 and 3A5.
Bae, SK; Kim, DH; Kim, KB; Lee, SJ; Liu, KH; Seo, KA; Shin, JG, 2012)		3.26

Effects

Ilaprazole (10 mg/day) has a smaller dosage, hence it should be considered more in clinical uses. It has a favorable long half-life and minimal pharmacokinetic variability associated with CYP2C19 polymorphism.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Ilaprazole has a favorable long half-life and minimal pharmacokinetic variability associated with CYP2C19 polymorphism."( Biotransformation of Ilaprazole in Human Liver Microsomes and Human: Role of CYP3A4 in Ilaprazole Clearance and Drug-Drug Interaction.
Pu, J; Tang, W; Wang, F; Zhu, M, 2018)		1.52
"Ilaprazole (10 mg/day) has a smaller dosage, hence it should be considered more in clinical uses."( A Randomized, Double-blind, Active-Controlled, Multi-center Study of Ilaprazole in the Treatment of Reflux Esophagitis.
Hu, H; Lin, S; Qin, X; Wang, L; Xia, J; Xue, Y; Zhou, L, 2016)		1.39
"Ilaprazole has a strong effect on intragastric acid control with a dose dependent trend."( [Evaluation of the effect of ilaprazole on intragastric pH in patients with duodenal ulcer].
Hou, XH; Hu, HT; Lin, SR; Qin, XH; Shi, RH; Xia, JL; Yang, YS; Yuan, YZ; Zhang, ST; Zhou, LY, 2010)		2.09
"Ilaprazole has a favorable long half-life and minimal pharmacokinetic variability associated with CYP2C19 polymorphism."( Biotransformation of Ilaprazole in Human Liver Microsomes and Human: Role of CYP3A4 in Ilaprazole Clearance and Drug-Drug Interaction.
Pu, J; Tang, W; Wang, F; Zhu, M, 2018)		1.52
"Ilaprazole (10 mg/day) has a smaller dosage, hence it should be considered more in clinical uses."( A Randomized, Double-blind, Active-Controlled, Multi-center Study of Ilaprazole in the Treatment of Reflux Esophagitis.
Hu, H; Lin, S; Qin, X; Wang, L; Xia, J; Xue, Y; Zhou, L, 2016)		1.39
"Ilaprazole has a strong effect on intragastric acid control with a dose dependent trend."( [Evaluation of the effect of ilaprazole on intragastric pH in patients with duodenal ulcer].
Hou, XH; Hu, HT; Lin, SR; Qin, XH; Shi, RH; Xia, JL; Yang, YS; Yuan, YZ; Zhang, ST; Zhou, LY, 2010)		2.09

Toxicity

Intravenous ilaprazole was safe and there were no serious adverse events. An unexpectedly high incidence of allergic eye and skin reactions were observed.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Ilaprazole was safe and generally well tolerated; an unexpectedly high incidence of allergic eye and skin reactions were observed but were not specific to any dosing regimen."( The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of oral doses of ilaprazole 10, 20 and 40 mg and esomeprazole 40 mg in healthy subjects: a randomised, open-label crossover study.
Cho, KH; Kim, DY; Kukulka, M; Lee, JY; Park, HL; Park, SH; Shin, JS; Wu, JT, 2014)		1.55
" Intravenous ilaprazole was safe and there were no serious adverse events."( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Safety of Multiple-Infusion Ilaprazole in Healthy Chinese Subjects.
Hu, H; Hu, P; Jiang, J; Lang, L; Ou, N; Shi, R; Wang, H, 2016)		1.04
" Ilaprazole infusion was safe and well tolerated without serious adverse events."( Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of ilaprazole infusion in healthy subjects and patients with esomeprazole as positive control.
Hou, X; Hu, H; Jiang, J; Liu, F; Liu, X; Ou, N; Qin, X; Shao, F; Wang, H; Xu, W, 2019)		1.69
" However, the drug is also associated with numerous adverse events."( Predictors of Adverse Events and Determinants of the Voriconazole Trough Concentration in Kidney Transplantation Recipients.
Lin, XB; Peng, FH; Wang, F; Xiang, DX; Xiao, YW; Xie, XB; Xu, P; Yan, M; Zhang, BK; Zhao, YC, 2021)		0.62
" For the rate of adverse events, there was no significant difference among all the PPIs, vonoprazan, and placebo."( Efficacy and safety of proton pump inhibitors versus vonoprazan in treatment of erosive esophagitis: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Chen, J; Deng, W; Xie, Z; Yang, S, 2022)		0.72

Pharmacokinetics

The H pylori eradication therapy with clarithromycin, amoxicillin and ilaprazole may cause pharmacokinetic interactions. The peak concentration and the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 h to 12 h were significantly decreased, as compared with the single medication group.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"To evaluate and compare the pharmacodynamic effects of IY-81149 and omeprazole on gastric pH in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease."( A comparative pharmacodynamic study of IY-81149 versus omeprazole in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Boileau, F; Cho, KD; Goldwater, R; Jung, WT; Kim, DY; Lee, SM; Park, DW; Periclou, AP, 2000)		0.31
" The plasma concentration and pharmacodynamic response were measured in the last dose interval."( Effect of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a new proton pump inhibitor, ilaprazole.
Cho, DY; Cho, H; Cho, M; Choi, MK; Jeong, HE; Kim, DY; Lee, JY; Shin, JG; Shin, JS; Shon, JH; Yeo, CW, 2012)		0.59
"Following the triple therapy, the peak concentration (C(max)) and the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 h to 12 h (AUC(0→12)) of ilaprazole were significantly decreased, as compared with the single medication group (C(max):1025."( Pharmacokinetic interactions between ilaprazole and clarithromycin following ilaprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin triple therapy.
Cao, S; Chen, Y; Fan, L; Guo, D; Hu, HT; Ou-Yang, DS; Qin, XH; Tan, ZR; Wu, HZ; Xiao, K; Zhang, W; Zhou, G; Zhou, HH, 2012)		0.85
"The H pylori eradication therapy with clarithromycin, amoxicillin and ilaprazole may cause pharmacokinetic interactions that decrease the amount of ilaprazole and its metabolites and elevate that of clarithromycin."( Pharmacokinetic interactions between ilaprazole and clarithromycin following ilaprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin triple therapy.
Cao, S; Chen, Y; Fan, L; Guo, D; Hu, HT; Ou-Yang, DS; Qin, XH; Tan, ZR; Wu, HZ; Xiao, K; Zhang, W; Zhou, G; Zhou, HH, 2012)		0.89
"This review provides an update on the following points: pharmacokinetic profile and metabolism of ilaprazole in relation to its pharmacodynamic properties; comparative data on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ilaprazole with currently available PPIs; and implications for studies on the therapeutic efficacy of ilaprazole in GERD."( The pharmacokinetics of ilaprazole for gastro-esophageal reflux treatment.
Blandizzi, C; de Bortoli, N; Giacchino, M; Marchi, S; Martinucci, I; Savarino, E; Savarino, V, 2013)		0.91
"Different studies show that ilaprazole, a benzimidazole derivative, has an extended plasma half-life in comparison with all other approved PPIs."( The pharmacokinetics of ilaprazole for gastro-esophageal reflux treatment.
Blandizzi, C; de Bortoli, N; Giacchino, M; Marchi, S; Martinucci, I; Savarino, E; Savarino, V, 2013)		0.99
"To compare the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles of ilaprazole and esomeprazole."( The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of oral doses of ilaprazole 10, 20 and 40 mg and esomeprazole 40 mg in healthy subjects: a randomised, open-label crossover study.
Cho, KH; Kim, DY; Kukulka, M; Lee, JY; Park, HL; Park, SH; Shin, JS; Wu, JT, 2014)		0.88
" The mean steady-state half-life and clearance were comparable to those following single administration."( Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics and Safety of Multiple-Infusion Ilaprazole in Healthy Chinese Subjects.
Hu, H; Hu, P; Jiang, J; Lang, L; Ou, N; Shi, R; Wang, H, 2016)		0.67
" The method was successfully applied in pharmacokinetic studies followed by oral administration of GLM and ILA in rats."( Development of Solid-Phase Extraction and HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Ilaprazole and Glimepiride in Rat Plasma: Application to Pharmacokinetic Studies.
Bakal, RL; Chandewar, AV; Dewani, AP; Mohale, DS; Shelke, PG; Tripathi, AS, 2017)		0.68
" Ilaprazole has a favorable long half-life and minimal pharmacokinetic variability associated with CYP2C19 polymorphism."( Biotransformation of Ilaprazole in Human Liver Microsomes and Human: Role of CYP3A4 in Ilaprazole Clearance and Drug-Drug Interaction.
Pu, J; Tang, W; Wang, F; Zhu, M, 2018)		1.71

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Consequently, it is predicted that ilaprazole has no significant drug-drug interaction via CYP3A4 inhibition or induction by a coadministered drug."( Biotransformation of Ilaprazole in Human Liver Microsomes and Human: Role of CYP3A4 in Ilaprazole Clearance and Drug-Drug Interaction.
Pu, J; Tang, W; Wang, F; Zhu, M, 2018)		1.07

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Ilaprazole was not eliminated through urine and the absolute bioavailability was 55."( Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intravenous ilaprazole in healthy subjects after single ascending doses.
Hu, P; Jiang, J; Lang, L; Ou, N; Shi, R; Wang, H, 2016)		1.59

Dosage Studied

The objectives were to investigate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of ilaprazole infusion in healthy subjects and patients with esomeprazole as positive control, and then recommend the dosage regimen for Phase 2b/3 studies. The drug was safe and generally well tolerated. An unexpectedly high incidence of allergic eye and skin reactions were observed but were not specific to any dosing regimen.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" The dose-response relationship for IY-81149 was also evaluated."( A comparative pharmacodynamic study of IY-81149 versus omeprazole in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Boileau, F; Cho, KD; Goldwater, R; Jung, WT; Kim, DY; Lee, SM; Park, DW; Periclou, AP, 2000)		0.31
"To investigate the efficacy and safety of a new proton pump inhibitor (PPI), ilaprazole (IY-81149) in the treatment of duodenal ulcers and provide some characteristics of the dose-response relationship for later studies."( A new PPI, ilaprazole compared with omeprazole in the treatment of duodenal ulcer: a randomized double-blind multicenter trial.
Hu, H; Lin, S; Wang, L; Xia, J; Zhou, L, 2011)		0.99
" Ilaprazole was safe and generally well tolerated; an unexpectedly high incidence of allergic eye and skin reactions were observed but were not specific to any dosing regimen."( The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of oral doses of ilaprazole 10, 20 and 40 mg and esomeprazole 40 mg in healthy subjects: a randomised, open-label crossover study.
Cho, KH; Kim, DY; Kukulka, M; Lee, JY; Park, HL; Park, SH; Shin, JS; Wu, JT, 2014)		1.55
"The objectives were to investigate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety of ilaprazole infusion in healthy subjects and patients with esomeprazole as positive control, and then recommend the dosage regimen for Phase 2b/3 studies."( Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of ilaprazole infusion in healthy subjects and patients with esomeprazole as positive control.
Hou, X; Hu, H; Jiang, J; Liu, F; Liu, X; Ou, N; Qin, X; Shao, F; Wang, H; Xu, W, 2019)		1
"We developed and validated a simple, convenient and reproducible method for simultaneous estimation of six proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), omeprazole (OPZ), esomeprazole (EOPZ), lansoprazole (LPZ), pantoprazole (PPZ), rabeprazole (RPZ) and ilaprazole (IPZ) in pharmaceutical dosage forms by a single marker."( Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of Six Proton-Pump Inhibitors with a Single Marker and Evaluation of Stability of Investigated Drugs in Polypropylene Syringes for Continuous Infusion Use.
Chen, F; Fang, B; He, X; Wang, S, 2020)		0.74
"The proposed method, which is selective, economical and accurate, was applied successfully for determination of the cited PPIs in their respective pharmaceutical dosage forms."( Simultaneous Quantitative Analysis of Six Proton-Pump Inhibitors with a Single Marker and Evaluation of Stability of Investigated Drugs in Polypropylene Syringes for Continuous Infusion Use.
Chen, F; Fang, B; He, X; Wang, S, 2020)		0.56
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
sulfoxideAn organosulfur compound having the structure R2S=O or R2C=S=O (R =/= H).
benzimidazolesAn organic heterocyclic compound containing a benzene ring fused to an imidazole ring.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (51)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's1 (1.96)18.2507
2000's6 (11.76)29.6817
2010's33 (64.71)24.3611
2020's11 (21.57)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 62.73

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index62.73 (24.57)
Research Supply Index4.36 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.43 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index102.05 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.01 (0.95)

This Compound (62.73)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials24 (45.28%)5.53%
Reviews6 (11.32%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational1 (1.89%)0.25%
Other22 (41.51%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
histamine
[no description available]		2.4420aralkylamino compound;
imidazoles		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
celecoxib
[no description available]		8.9911organofluorine compound;
pyrazoles;
sulfonamide;
toluenes		cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
furazolidone
Furazolidone: A nitrofuran derivative with antiprotozoal and antibacterial activity. Furazolidone acts by gradual inhibition of monoamine oxidase. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p514). furazolidone : A member of the class of oxazolidines that is 1,3-oxazolidin-2-one in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an N-{[(5-nitro-2-furyl)methylene]amino} group. It has antibacterial and antiprotozoal properties, and is used in the treatment of giardiasis and cholera.		4.6722nitrofuran antibiotic;
oxazolidines		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor
glimepiride
glimepiride: structure given in first source		7.1510sulfonamide
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		2.5820aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
lansoprazole
Lansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.		4.240benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
omeprazole
Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.. 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.		10.18147aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
pantoprazole
Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.		4.240aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
rabeprazole
Rabeprazole: A 4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methylpyridinyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.		13.5112benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
benzimidazole
1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole.		3.1810benzimidazole;
polycyclic heteroarene
aminopyrine
Aminopyrine: A pyrazolone with analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties but has risk of AGRANULOCYTOSIS. A breath test with 13C-labeled aminopyrine has been used as a non-invasive measure of CYTOCHROME P-450 metabolic activity in LIVER FUNCTION TESTS.. aminophenazone : A pyrazolone that is 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one substituted by a dimethylamino group at position 4, methyl groups at positions 1 and 5 and a phenyl group at position 2. It exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.		210pyrazolone;
tertiary amino compound		antipyretic;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.		2.4110pyrrole;
secondary amine
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin: A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration.. amoxicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido group.		5.6444penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
voriconazole
Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.		2.3110conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
pyrimidines;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		P450 inhibitor
aceclofenac
[no description available]		8.9911amino acid;
carboxylic ester;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid;
secondary amino compound		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
clarithromycin
Clarithromycin: A semisynthetic macrolide antibiotic derived from ERYTHROMYCIN that is active against a variety of microorganisms. It can inhibit PROTEIN SYNTHESIS in BACTERIA by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunits. This inhibits the translocation of aminoacyl transfer-RNA and prevents peptide chain elongation.. clarithromycin : The 6-O-methyl ether of erythromycin A, clarithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of respiratory-tract, skin and soft-tissue infections. It is also used to eradicate Helicobacter pylori in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. It prevents bacteria from growing by interfering with their protein synthesis.		9.4822macrolide antibioticantibacterial drug;
environmental contaminant;
protein synthesis inhibitor;
xenobiotic
mosapride
4-amino-5-chloro-2-ethoxy-N-({4-[(4-fluorophenyl)methyl]morpholin-2-yl}methyl)benzamide : A benzamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-amino-5-chloro-2-ethoxybenzoic acid with the amino group of 1-[4-(4-fluorobenzyl)morpholin-2-yl]methanamine.		3.5911aromatic ether;
benzamides;
monochlorobenzenes;
monofluorobenzenes;
morpholines;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound
tenatoprazole
Tenatoprazole: structure in first source		2.6920imidazopyridine
clavulanic acid
Clavulanic Acid: A beta-lactam antibiotic produced by the actinobacterium Streptomyces clavuligerus. It is a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes. Administered alone, it has only weak antibacterial activity against most organisms, but given in combination with other beta-lactam antibiotics it prevents antibiotic inactivation by microbial lactamase.. clavulanate : The conjugate base of clavulanic acid.. clavulanic acid : Antibiotic isolated from Streptomyces clavuligerus. It acts as a suicide inhibitor of bacterial beta-lactamase enzymes.		3.511oxapenamantibacterial drug;
anxiolytic drug;
bacterial metabolite;
EC 3.5.2.6 (beta-lactamase) inhibitor
bismuth
Bismuth: A metallic element that has the atomic symbol Bi, and atomic number 83. Its principal isotope is Bismuth 209.		3.9911metal atom;
pnictogen
s 1743
Esomeprazole: The S-isomer of omeprazole.. esomeprazole : A 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole that has S configuration at the sulfur atom. An inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, it is used (generally as its sodium or magnesium salt) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.		9.65105magnesium saltanti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
dexlansoprazole
Dexlansoprazole: The R-isomer of lansoprazole that is used to treat severe GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE.		3.1910benzimidazoles;
sulfoxide
pentagastrin
Pentagastrin: A synthetic pentapeptide that has effects like gastrin when given parenterally. It stimulates the secretion of gastric acid, pepsin, and intrinsic factor, and has been used as a diagnostic aid.		210organic molecular entity
bismuth tripotassium dicitrate
bismuth tripotassium dicitrate: contains tripotassium di-citratobismuthate used in gastric & duodenal ulcer therapy; do not confuse with colloidal bismuth subnitrate		3.511
vonoprazan
1-(5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1-(pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)-N-methylmethanamine: a proton pump inhibitor; structure in first source		3.9220pyrroles
gastrins
Gastrins: A family of gastrointestinal peptide hormones that excite the secretion of GASTRIC JUICE. They may also occur in the central nervous system where they are presumed to be neurotransmitters.		4.4322
minocycline
Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5.		3.5911
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Intestinal Diseases
Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.		02.4110
Esophagitis, Reflux
[description not available]		08.862
Gastroduodenal Ulcer
[description not available]		05.2840
Abdominal Injuries
General or unspecified injuries involving organs in the abdominal cavity.		05.2840
Esophagitis, Peptic
INFLAMMATION of the ESOPHAGUS that is caused by the reflux of GASTRIC JUICE with contents of the STOMACH and DUODENUM.		08.862
Peptic Ulcer
Ulcer that occurs in the regions of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT which come into contact with GASTRIC JUICE containing PEPSIN and GASTRIC ACID. It occurs when there are defects in the MUCOSA barrier. The common forms of peptic ulcers are associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI and the consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).		17.2840
Infections, Helicobacter
[description not available]		06.1965
Helicobacter Infections
Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease.		06.1965
Indigestion
[description not available]		03.9911
Dyspepsia
Impaired digestion, especially after eating.		08.9911
Spinal Stenosis
Narrowing of the spinal canal.		08.9911
Disseminated Fungal Infection
[description not available]		02.3110
EBV Infections
[description not available]		02.3110
Epstein-Barr Virus Infections
Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY).		02.3110
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.1510
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.1510
Complication, Postoperative
[description not available]		04.5111
Cancer of Stomach
[description not available]		04.5111
Gastric Ulcer
[description not available]		010.6532
Postoperative Complications
Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery.		04.5111
Stomach Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.		04.5111
Stomach Ulcer
Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS).		05.6532
Pyrosis
[description not available]		04.8621
Heartburn
Substernal pain or burning sensation, usually associated with regurgitation of gastric juice into the esophagus.		09.8621
Curling Ulcer
Acute stress DUODENAL ULCER, usually observed in patients with extensive third-degree burns.		08.8486
Duodenal Ulcer
A PEPTIC ULCER located in the DUODENUM.		110.8486
Regurgitation, Gastric
GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX wherein the retrograde flow passes through the UPPER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER		03.5911
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Back flow of gastric contents to the LARYNGOPHARYNX where it comes in contact with tissues of the upper aerodigestive tract. Laryngopharyngeal reflux is an extraesophageal manifestation of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX.		03.5911
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		04.522
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		04.522
Gastritis
Inflammation of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, a lesion observed in a number of unrelated disorders.		09.522
Gastritis, Atrophic
GASTRITIS with atrophy of the GASTRIC MUCOSA, the GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS, and the mucosal glands leading to ACHLORHYDRIA. Atrophic gastritis usually progresses from chronic gastritis.		03.5911
Esophageal Reflux
[description not available]		05.5231
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Retrograde flow of gastric juice (GASTRIC ACID) and/or duodenal contents (BILE ACIDS; PANCREATIC JUICE) into the distal ESOPHAGUS, commonly due to incompetence of the LOWER ESOPHAGEAL SPHINCTER.		17.5231
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		03.5111
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		02.1510
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