Target type: biologicalprocess
An acute inflammatory response that involves non-antibody proteins whose concentrations in the plasma increase in response to infection or injury of homeothermic animals. [ISBN:0198506732]
The acute-phase response is a complex systemic reaction to infection, injury, or inflammation. It is characterized by the rapid production and release of a variety of proteins by the liver, known as acute-phase proteins (APPs). These proteins play crucial roles in the body's defense against infection and tissue repair. The process is orchestrated by a network of cytokines, primarily IL-6, IL-1, and TNF-α, which are released by immune cells at the site of inflammation or infection. These cytokines act on the liver, stimulating the production of APPs.
The main functions of APPs include:
1. **Inflammation modulation**: APPs like C-reactive protein (CRP) bind to pathogens and activate complement pathways, facilitating the elimination of pathogens and triggering the recruitment of immune cells.
2. **Antimicrobial activity**: Some APPs, such as serum amyloid A (SAA), directly possess antimicrobial properties, inhibiting bacterial growth.
3. **Tissue repair**: APPs such as fibrinogen promote blood clotting, helping to stop bleeding and forming a scaffold for tissue repair.
4. **Immune cell modulation**: APPs can modulate immune cell function by influencing their activation, differentiation, and migration.
The acute-phase response is a dynamic process, with levels of APPs rapidly rising within hours of an inflammatory stimulus and then gradually decreasing as the infection or injury is resolved. Measuring the levels of specific APPs in the blood, such as CRP, is a useful clinical tool for monitoring the severity of inflammation and tracking the course of disease. However, it's important to note that while essential for host defense, the acute-phase response can also contribute to systemic complications if dysregulated or prolonged, such as sepsis or chronic inflammation.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Prothrombin | A prothrombin that is encoded in the genome of cow. [OMA:P00735, PRO:DNx] | Bos taurus (cattle) |
| Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X1 | A Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor X1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:Q96LB2] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 | A UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P22309] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Interleukin-6 | An interleukin-6 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:JAN, UniProtKB:P05231] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 | An alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P02763] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Fibronectin | A fibronectin that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P02751] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Prothrombin | A prothrombin that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P00734] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| coumarin | 2H-chromen-2-one: coumarin derivative | coumarins | fluorescent dye; human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| bupropion | bupropion : An aromatic ketone that is propiophenone carrying a tert-butylamino group at position 2 and a chloro substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring. Bupropion: A propiophenone-derived antidepressant and antismoking agent that inhibits the uptake of DOPAMINE. | aromatic ketone; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound | antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic |
| 5-(n,n-hexamethylene)amiloride | 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines that is amiloride in which the two amino hydrogens at position N-5 are replaced by a hexamethylene moiety, resulting in the formation of an azepane ring. 5-(N,N-hexamethylene)amiloride: inhibitor of Na+-H+ exchange; has anti-HIV-1 activity | aromatic amine; azepanes; guanidines; monocarboxylic acid amide; organochlorine compound; pyrazines | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; odorant receptor antagonist; sodium channel blocker |
| acetaminophen | Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | acetamides; phenols | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| benzamidine | benzamidine : A carboxamidine that is benzene carrying an amidino group. benzamidine: RN given refers to parent cpd | benzenes; carboxamidine | serine protease inhibitor |
| bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane | bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane: aromatic diamidine which has a significant suppressive effect on the cytopathology & yield of respiratory synctial (RS) virus; RN given refers to parent cpd | ||
| camostat | camostat : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-guanidinobenzoic acid with the hydroxy group of 2-(dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl (4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate. It is a potent inhibitor of the human transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and its mesylate salt is currently under investigation for its effectiveness in COVID-19 patients. | benzoate ester; carboxylic ester; diester; guanidines; tertiary carboxamide | anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifibrinolytic drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; serine protease inhibitor |
| carvedilol | carbazoles; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; cardiovascular drug; vasodilator agent | |
| chlorzoxazone | chlorzoxazone : A member of the class of 1,3-benzoxazoles that is 1,3-benzoxazol-2-ol in which the hydrogen atom at position 5 is substituted by chlorine. A centrally acting muscle relaxant with sedative properties, it is used for the symptomatic treatment of painful muscle spasm. Chlorzoxazone: A centrally acting central muscle relaxant with sedative properties. It is claimed to inhibit muscle spasm by exerting an effect primarily at the level of the spinal cord and subcortical areas of the brain. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoea, 30th ed, p1202) | 1,3-benzoxazoles; heteroaryl hydroxy compound; organochlorine compound | muscle relaxant; sedative |
| dapi | DAPI: RN given refers to parent cpd. | indoles | fluorochrome |
| nordazepam | nordazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone having phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 5 and 7 respectively; it has anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant and sedative properties but is used primarily in the treatment of anxiety. Nordazepam: An intermediate in the metabolism of DIAZEPAM to OXAZEPAM. It may have actions similar to those of diazepam. | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator; human metabolite; sedative |
| diazepam | diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5. Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity. | 1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic |
| diclofenac | diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt. | amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| furafylline | oxopurine | ||
| ketoconazole | 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively. | dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine | |
| edaravone | pyrazolone | antioxidant; radical scavenger | |
| midazolam | midazolam : An imidazobenzodiazepine that is 4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted by a methyl, 2-fluorophenyl and chloro groups at positions 1, 6 and 8, respectively. Midazolam: A short-acting hypnotic-sedative drug with anxiolytic and amnestic properties. It is used in dentistry, cardiac surgery, endoscopic procedures, as preanesthetic medication, and as an adjunct to local anesthesia. The short duration and cardiorespiratory stability makes it useful in poor-risk, elderly, and cardiac patients. It is water-soluble at pH less than 4 and lipid-soluble at physiological pH. | imidazobenzodiazepine; monofluorobenzenes; organochlorine compound | anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; anxiolytic drug; apoptosis inducer; central nervous system depressant; GABAA receptor agonist; general anaesthetic; muscle relaxant; sedative |
| fidexaban | Fidexaban: structure in first source | ||
| n(alpha)-(2-naphthylsulfonylglycyl)-4-amidinophenylalanine piperidide | N(alpha)-(2-naphthylsulfonylglycyl)-4-amidinophenylalanine piperidide: thrombin inhibitor; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | ||
| nafamostat | nafamostat: inhibitor of trypsin, plasmin, pancreatic kallikrein, plasma kallikrein & thrombin; strongly inhibits esterolytic activities of C1r & C1 esterase complement-mediated hemolysis; antineoplastic | benzoic acids; guanidines | |
| nevirapine | nevirapine : A dipyridodiazepine that is 5,11-dihydro-6H-dipyrido[3,2-b:2',3'-e][1,4]diazepine which is substituted by methyl, oxo, and cyclopropyl groups at positions 4, 6, and 11, respectively. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV-1, it is used in combination with other antiretrovirals for the treatment of HIV infection. Nevirapine: A potent, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor used in combination with nucleoside analogues for treatment of HIV INFECTIONS and AIDS. | cyclopropanes; dipyridodiazepine | antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| niflumic acid | Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines | |
| omeprazole | 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5. omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole. Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. | aromatic ether; benzimidazoles; pyridines; sulfoxide | |
| phenacetin | Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione | acetamides; aromatic ether | cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug |
| probenecid | probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups. Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy. | benzoic acids; sulfonamide | uricosuric drug |
| riluzole | Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS. | benzothiazoles | |
| sulfaguanidine | sulfaguanidine : A sulfonamide incorporating a guanidine moiety used to block the synthesis of folic acid; mostly used in veterinary medicine Sulfaguanidine: A sulfanilamide antimicrobial agent that is used to treat enteric infections. | sulfonamide antibiotic | antiinfective agent |
| sulfaphenazole | sulfaphenazole : A sulfonamide that is sulfanilamide in which the sulfonamide nitrogen is substituted by a 1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl group. It is a selective inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C9 isozyme, and antibacterial agent. Sulfaphenazole: A sulfonilamide anti-infective agent. | primary amino compound; pyrazoles; substituted aniline; sulfonamide; sulfonamide antibiotic | antibacterial drug; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.13.67 (quinine 3-monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor |
| tolbutamide | tolbutamide : An N-sulfonylurea that consists of 1-butylurea having a tosyl group attached at the 3-position. Tolbutamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p290) | N-sulfonylurea | human metabolite; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue; potassium channel blocker |
| troglitazone | Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity. | chromanes; thiazolidinone | anticoagulant; anticonvulsant; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| thyroxine | thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism. | 2-halophenol; iodophenol; L-phenylalanine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid; thyroxine; thyroxine zwitterion | antithyroid drug; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| triiodothyronine | 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism. Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3. | 2-halophenol; amino acid zwitterion; iodophenol; iodothyronine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; thyroid hormone |
| ethinyl estradiol | 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration. Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES. | 17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound | xenoestrogen |
| 2,6-dihydroxyanthraquinone | 2,6-dihydroxyanthraquinone: structure given in first source anthraflavic acid : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene substituted by hydroxy groups at C-3 and C-7 and oxo groups at C-9 and C-10. | dihydroxyanthraquinone | antimutagen; plant metabolite |
| 1-naphthol | 1-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 1. 1-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd hydroxynaphthalene : Any member of the class of naphthalenes that is naphthalene carrying one or more hydroxy groups. | naphthol | genotoxin; human xenobiotic metabolite |
| proflavine | 3,6-diaminoacridine : An aminoacridine that is acridine that is substituted by amino groups at positions 3 and 6. A slow-acting bacteriostat that is effective against many Gram-positive bacteria (but ineffective against spores), its salts were formerly used for treatment of burns and infected wounds. Proflavine: Topical antiseptic used mainly in wound dressings. | aminoacridines | antibacterial agent; antiseptic drug; carcinogenic agent; chromophore; intercalator |
| catechin | (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives. Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin | catechin | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| isoquinoline-1,3,4-trione | isoquinoline-1,3,4-trione: structure in first source | ||
| chlormethiazole | Chlormethiazole: A sedative and anticonvulsant often used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Chlormethiazole has also been proposed as a neuroprotective agent. The mechanism of its therapeutic activity is not entirely clear, but it does potentiate GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID receptors response and it may also affect glycine receptors. | thiazoles | |
| diphenylcarbazone | diphenylcarbazone: sensitive reagent for Hg, for which it gives blue color; structure | ||
| alpha-naphthoflavone | alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14). alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4 | extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound | aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor |
| dibrompropamidine | aromatic ether | ||
| amiloride | amiloride : A member of the class of pyrazines resulting from the formal monoacylation of guanidine with the carboxy group of 3,5-diamino-6-chloropyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. Amiloride: A pyrazine compound inhibiting SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS. This inhibition creates a negative potential in the luminal membranes of principal cells, located in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct. Negative potential reduces secretion of potassium and hydrogen ions. Amiloride is used in conjunction with DIURETICS to spare POTASSIUM loss. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p705) | aromatic amine; guanidines; organochlorine compound; pyrazines | diuretic; sodium channel blocker |
| hydroxyphenytoin | 4-hydroxyphenytoin : A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing phenyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl substituents at position 5. hydroxyphenytoin: main metabolite of diphenylhydantoin; reduces Na(+) inhibition at high Na:K ratios; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure | imidazolidine-2,4-dione; phenols | metabolite |
| camptothecin | NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source | delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite |
| glutamic acid | glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
| paclitaxel | Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL). | taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent |
| etoposide | beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound | antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor | |
| captopril | captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin. | alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid | antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
| 1,2-di(5-amidino-2-benzofuranyl)ethane | 1,2-di(5-amidino-2-benzofuranyl)ethane: preferential inhibitor of bovine factor Xa; structure given in first source | ||
| efavirenz | efavirenz : 1,4-Dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxazin-2-one substituted at the 4 position by cyclopropylethynyl and trifluoromethyl groups (S configuration) and at the 6 position by chlorine. A non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor with activity against HIV, it is used with other antiretrovirals for combination therapy of HIV infection. efavirenz: HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor | acetylenic compound; benzoxazine; cyclopropanes; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound | antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| hexamidine | hexamidine : A polyether that is the bis(4-guanidinophenyl) ether of hexane-1,6-diol. | aromatic ether; guanidines; polyether | antimicrobial agent; antiseptic drug |
| 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose | 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions. pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent | gallate ester; galloyl beta-D-glucose | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite; radiation protective agent; radical scavenger |
| inogatran | inogatran: a direct low molecular weight thrombin inhibitor | ||
| bergenin | bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure | trihydroxybenzoic acid | metabolite |
| epicatechin | (-)-epicatechin : A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration. | catechin; polyphenol | antioxidant |
| leupeptin | aldehyde; tripeptide | bacterial metabolite; calpain inhibitor; cathepsin B inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.4 (trypsin) inhibitor; serine protease inhibitor | |
| oleandomycin | oleandomycins | ||
| p-Aminobenzamidine dihydrochloride | organic molecular entity | ||
| mci 9038 | peptide | ||
| sn 38 | SN-38 : A member of the class of pyranoindolizinoquinolines that is (4S)-pyrano[3',4':6,7]indolizino[1,2-b]quinoline-3,14-dione bearing two additional ethyl substituents at positions 4 and 11 as well as two additional hydroxy substituents at positions 4 and 9. It is the active metabolite of irinotecan and is ~1000 times more active than irinotecan itself. | delta-lactone; phenols; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; tertiary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; drug metabolite; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor |
| sivelestat | sivelestat: inhibitor of neutrophil elastase; structure given in first source | N-acylglycine; pivalate ester | |
| (S)-Mephenytoin | imidazolidine-2,4-dione | ||
| ezogabine | ezogabine : A substituted aniline that is benzene-1,2,4-triamine bearing ethoxycarbonyl and 4-fluorobenzyl substituents at positions N-1 and N-4 respectively. An anticonvulsant used to treat seizures associated with epilepsy in adults. ezogabine: structure in first source | carbamate ester; organofluorine compound; secondary amino compound; substituted aniline | anticonvulsant; potassium channel modulator |
| dx 9065 | |||
| arginylphenylalaninamide | arginylphenylalaninamide: RN given refers to (L,L)-isomer; fragment of FMRamide; may be used as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator by optic lobe neurons of different types | ||
| efegatran | efegatran: RN & structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd (D)-isomer | ||
| acetylphenylalanyl-prolyl-boroarginine | Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroArg-OH : A C-terminal boronic acid petide that is N-acetyl-D-phenylalanyl-L-prolyl-L-arginine in which the C-termnal carboxy group has been replaced by a borono (-B(OH)2) group. A thrombin (Factor IIa) inhibitor, thereby acting as an anticoagulant. DuP-714 : A hydrochloride resulting from the formal reaction of equimolar amounts of Ac-(D)Phe-Pro-boroArg-OH and hydrogen chloride. A thrombin (Factor IIa) inhibitor, thereby acting as an anticoagulant. | acetamides; C-terminal boronic acid peptide; guanidines | anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor |
| 5-amidinoindole | |||
| cyanidin | cyanidin cation : An anthocyanidin cation that is flavylium substituted at positions 3, 3', 4', 5 and 7 by hydroxy groups. cyanidin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 5-hydroxyanthocyanidin | antioxidant; metabolite; neuroprotective agent |
| foy 251 | 4-(4-guanidinobenzoyloxy)phenylacetic acid: RN given refers to monomethanesulfonate | ||
| c 1311 | C 1311: an imidazoacridinone; arrests cell-cycle progression in the G2 phase of L1210 cells; structure given in first source | ||
| n(alpha)-(4-toluenesulfonyl)-4-amidinophenylalanylpiperidine | N(alpha)-(4-toluenesulfonyl)-4-amidinophenylalanylpiperidine: binds to thrombin & trypsin; structure given in first source | ||
| 1,2-bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)ethane | 1,2-bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)ethane: RN given refers to parent cpd | ||
| 2-(4-amidinophenyl)-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamidine | 2-(4-amidinophenyl)-1-benzofuran-5-carboxamidine: structure given in first source | ||
| atazanavir | atazanavir : A heavily substituted carbohydrazide that is an antiretroviral drug of the protease inhibitor (PI) class used to treat infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). | carbohydrazide | antiviral drug; HIV protease inhibitor |
| ezetimibe | ezetimibe : A beta-lactam that is azetidin-2-one which is substituted at 1, 3, and 4 by p-fluorophenyl, 3-(p-fluorophenyl)-3-hydroxypropyl, and 4-hydroxyphenyl groups, respectively (the 3R,3'S,4S enantiomer). Ezetimibe: An azetidine derivative and ANTICHOLESTEREMIC AGENT that inhibits intestinal STEROL absorption. It is used to reduce total CHOLESTEROL; LDL CHOLESTEROL, and APOLIPOPROTEINS B in the treatment of HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. | azetidines; beta-lactam; organofluorine compound | anticholesteremic drug; antilipemic drug; antimetabolite |
| homonojirimycin | homonojirimycin: inhibits alpha-glucosidase; RN given for (2R-(2alpha,3alpha,4beta,5alpha,6beta))-isomer; structure in first source | ||
| 4-guanidinobenzoate | 4-guanidinobenzoate: RN given refers to parent cpd 4-guanidinobenzoic acid : Benzoic acid substituted at the para position by a guanidino group. | benzoic acids; guanidines | |
| l 694,458 | DMP 777: structure given in first source | ||
| melagatran | azetidines; carboxamidine; dicarboxylic acid monoamide; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; secondary amino compound | anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; serine protease inhibitor | |
| scutellarin | scutellarin : The glycosyloxyflavone which is the 7-O-glucuronide of scutellarein. scutellarin: see scutellarein for aglycone | glucosiduronic acid; glycosyloxyflavone; monosaccharide derivative; trihydroxyflavone | antineoplastic agent; proteasome inhibitor |
| pefabloc | |||
| razaxaban | razaxaban: structure in first source | ||
| dabigatran | dabigatran : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-{[(4-carbamimidoylphenyl)amino]methyl}-1-methyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid with the secondary amoino group of N-pyridin-2-yl-beta-alanine. The active metabolite of the prodrug dabigatran etexilate, it acts as an anticoagulant which is used for the prevention of stroke and systemic embolism. Dabigatran: A THROMBIN inhibitor which acts by binding and blocking thrombogenic activity and the prevention of thrombus formation. It is used to reduce the risk of stroke and systemic EMBOLISM in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. | aromatic amide; benzimidazoles; beta-alanine derivative; carboxamidine; pyridines | anticoagulant; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor |
| sitosterol, (3beta)-isomer | sitosterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is stigmast-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3. Sobatum: tradename; active fraction of Solanum trilobatum; reduces side-effects of radiation-induced toxicity | 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; C29-steroid; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol | anticholesteremic drug; antioxidant; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; sterol methyltransferase inhibitor |
| bortezomib | amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines | antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor | |
| ritonavir | ritonavir : An L-valine derivative that is L-valinamide in which alpha-amino group has been acylated by a [(2-isopropyl-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)methyl]methylcarbamoyl group and in which a hydrogen of the carboxamide amino group has been replaced by a (2R,4S,5S)-4-hydroxy-1,6-diphenyl-5-{[(1,3-thiazol-5-ylmethoxy)carbonyl]amino}hexan-2-yl group. A CYP3A inhibitor and antiretroviral drug from the protease inhibitor class used to treat HIV infection and AIDS, it is often used as a fixed-dose combination with another protease inhibitor, lopinavir. Also used in combination with dasabuvir sodium hydrate, ombitasvir and paritaprevir (under the trade name Viekira Pak) for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection as well as cirrhosis of the liver. Ritonavir: An HIV protease inhibitor that works by interfering with the reproductive cycle of HIV. It also inhibits CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A. | 1,3-thiazoles; carbamate ester; carboxamide; L-valine derivative; ureas | antiviral drug; environmental contaminant; HIV protease inhibitor; xenobiotic |
| quinidine | quinidine : A cinchona alkaloid consisting of cinchonine with the hydrogen at the 6-position of the quinoline ring substituted by methoxy. Quinidine: An optical isomer of quinine, extracted from the bark of the CHINCHONA tree and similar plant species. This alkaloid dampens the excitability of cardiac and skeletal muscles by blocking sodium and potassium currents across cellular membranes. It prolongs cellular ACTION POTENTIALS, and decreases automaticity. Quinidine also blocks muscarinic and alpha-adrenergic neurotransmission. | cinchona alkaloid | alpha-adrenergic antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.14.13.181 (13-deoxydaunorubicin hydroxylase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.44 (xenobiotic-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; muscarinic antagonist; P450 inhibitor; potassium channel blocker; sodium channel blocker |
| Pedunculagin | pedunculagin: from the walnut (Juglans regia) pellicle | tannin | |
| benzamidine | carboxamidinium ion | ||
| farnesol | (2-trans,6-trans)-farnesol : The (2-trans,6-trans)-stereoisomer of farnesol. farnesol : A farnesane sesquiterpenoid that is dodeca-2,6,10-triene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3, 7 and 11 and a hydroxy group at position 1. Farnesol: A colorless liquid extracted from oils of plants such as citronella, neroli, cyclamen, and tuberose. It is an intermediate step in the biological synthesis of cholesterol from mevalonic acid in vertebrates. It has a delicate odor and is used in perfumery. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed) | farnesol | plant metabolite |
| mycophenolic acid | mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases. Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION. | 2-benzofurans; gamma-lactone; monocarboxylic acid; phenols | anticoronaviral agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; xenobiotic |
| phenylalanyl-prolyl-arginine | oligopeptide | ||
| s 1033 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; imidazoles; pyridines; pyrimidines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide | anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor | |
| tosylarginine methyl ester | Tosylarginine Methyl Ester: Arginine derivative which is a substrate for many proteolytic enzymes. As a substrate for the esterase from the first component of complement, it inhibits the action of C(l) on C(4). | guanidines; L-arginine ester; methyl ester; sulfonamide | |
| telaprevir | cyclopentapyrrole; cyclopropanes; oligopeptide; pyrazines | antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; peptidomimetic | |
| alpha-hydroxytamoxifen | alpha-hydroxytamoxifen: structure in first source | stilbenoid | |
| bradykinin (1-5) | bradykinin (1-5): a stable marker of bradykinin production in vivo; a metabolite of bradykinin degradation in plasma | ||
| silybin | |||
| quercetin | 7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone | antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger | |
| hymecromone | Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID. | hydroxycoumarin | antineoplastic agent; hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor |
| baicalein | trihydroxyflavone | angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hormone antagonist; plant metabolite; prostaglandin antagonist; radical scavenger | |
| scutellarein | scutellarein : Flavone substituted with hydroxy groups at C-4', -5, -6 and -7. scutellarein: aglycone of scutellarin from Scutellaria baicalensis; carthamidin is 2S isomer of scutellarein; do not confuse with isoscutellarein and/or isocarthamidin which are respective regioisomers, or with the scutelarin protein | tetrahydroxyflavone | metabolite |
| daidzein | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite | |
| irilone | irilone : A hydroxyisoflavone that is 6,7-methylenedioxyisoflavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4'. irilone: structure in first source | hydroxyisoflavone; organic heterotricyclic compound; oxacycle | antineoplastic agent; immunomodulator; metabolite |
| camostat mesylate | methanesulfonate salt | anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; antifibrinolytic drug; antihypertensive agent; antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; serine protease inhibitor | |
| cyclosporine | ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF | homodetic cyclic peptide | anti-asthmatic drug; anticoronaviral agent; antifungal agent; antirheumatic drug; carcinogenic agent; dermatologic drug; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; metabolite |
| nalorphine | Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete. | morphinane alkaloid | |
| cyclotheonamide a | cyclotheonamide A: a cyclic peptide isolated from the marine sponge Theonella; structure given in first source | ||
| rutin | quercetin-3-O-rutinoside: structure in first source | flavonoids; glycoside | |
| licochalcone a | licochalcone A: has both anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic activities; structure given in first source; isolated from root of Glycyrrhiza inflata; RN given refers to (E)-isomer | chalcones | |
| naltrexone | naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence. Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence. | cyclopropanes; morphinane-like compound; organic heteropentacyclic compound | antidote to opioid poisoning; central nervous system depressant; environmental contaminant; mu-opioid receptor antagonist; xenobiotic |
| ximelagatran | ximelagatran : A member of the class of azetidines that is melagatran in which the carboxylic acid group has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester and in which the amidine group has been converted into the corresponding amidoxime. A prodrug for melagatran, ximelagatran was the first orally available direct thrombin inhibitor to be brought to market as an anticoagulant, but was withdrawn in 2006 following reports of it causing liver damage. ximelagatran: prodrug (via hydroxylation) of melagatran & a direct thrombin inhibitor; liver toxicity concerns so AZD0837 being developed to replace this | amidoxime; azetidines; carboxamide; ethyl ester; hydroxylamines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; tertiary carboxamide | anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor; prodrug; serine protease inhibitor |
| morphine-3-glucuronide | morphine-3-glucuronide: RN given refers to (5alpha,6alpha)-isomer | morphinane alkaloid | |
| otamixaban | otamixaban: structure in first source | ||
| bms 740808 | 1-(3-aminobenzisoxazol-5'-yl)-3-trifluoromethyl-6-(2'-(3-hydroxy-N-pyrrolidinyl)methyl-(1,1')-biphen-4-yl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrazolo-(3,4-c)-pyridin-7-one: structure in first source | ||
| napsagatran | napsagatran: structure given in first source | ||
| talabostat | talabostat: an antineoplastic agent; structure in first source | ||
| n,n-(4-xylylidene)bisaminoguanidine | N,N-(4-xylylidene)bisaminoguanidine: RN in Chemline for di-HCl: 7044-24-8; RN for unspecified HCl: 62580-72-7 N,N'-(p-xylylidene)bis(aminoguanidine) : A guanidine derivative comprised of two carbamimidamido (guanidino) groups, each linked via one of their amino nitrogens to the imino nitrogens of 1,4-phenylenedimethanimine. | ||
| bms-262084 | BMS-262084: an azetidinone-based tryptase inhibitor; structure in first source | ||
| ym 60828 | YM 60828: YM-466 is the mesylate salt | ||
| rivaroxaban | rivaroxaban : A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-chlorothiophene-2-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-{4-[(5S)-5-(aminomethyl)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-3-yl]phenyl}morpholin-3-one. An anticoagulant used for prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with knee or hip replacement surgery. Rivaroxaban: A morpholine and thiophene derivative that functions as a FACTOR XA INHIBITOR and is used in the treatment and prevention of DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS and PULMONARY EMBOLISM. It is also used for the prevention of STROKE and systemic embolization in patients with non-valvular ATRIAL FIBRILLATION, and for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in patients after an ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME. | aromatic amide; lactam; monocarboxylic acid amide; morpholines; organochlorine compound; oxazolidinone; thiophenes | anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor |
| n-alpha-(2,4,6-triisopropyl-phenylsulfonyl)-3-amidino-(l)-phenyl-alanine-4-ethoxycarbonyl-piperazide hydrochloride | |||
| dpc 423 | |||
| gw 813893 | |||
| l 374087 | |||
| darexaban | |||
| lb 30057 | |||
| darexaban glucuronide | darexaban glucuronide: structure in first source | ||
| apixaban | aromatic ether; lactam; piperidones; pyrazolopyridine | anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor | |
| betrixaban | betrixaban : A secondary carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamimidoyl)benzoic acid with the amino group of 2-amino-N-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-methoxybenzamide. A synthetic anticoagulant compound that targets activated factor Xa in the coagulation cascade. betrixaban: a highly potent, selective, and orally efficacious factor Xa inhibitor; structure in first source | benzamides; guanidines; monochloropyridine; monomethoxybenzene; secondary carboxamide | anticoagulant; EC 3.4.21.6 (coagulation factor Xa) inhibitor |
| rpr 120844 | |||
| n-(3-amino-1-(cyclobutylmethyl)-2,3-dioxopropyl)-3-(2-((((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)carbonyl)amino)-3,3-dimethyl-1-oxobutyl)-6,6-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexan-2-carboxamide | boceprevir : A synthetic tripeptide consisting of N-(tert-butylcarbamoyl)-3-methyl-L-valyl, a cyclopropyl-fused prolyl and 3-amino-4-cyclobutyl-2-oxobutanamide residues joined in sequence. Used for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection. | tripeptide; ureas | antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; peptidomimetic |
| (z,z)-babch | |||
| anabaenopeptin b | anabaenopeptin B: from cyanobacteria Planktothrix (Oscillatoria) rubescens | ||
| dysinosin a | dysinosin A: structure in first source | ||
| PF-00835231 | PF-00835231 : A primary alcohol resulting from the cleavage of the phosphate group of the prodrug PF-07304814. It is an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-1 and -2 main protease (3CLpro) and exhibits potent in vitro antiviral activity. | aromatic ether; indolecarboxamide; L-leucine derivative; primary alcohol; pyrrolidin-2-ones; secondary carboxamide | anticoronaviral agent; drug metabolite; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor |
| bam 22p | |||
| peptide e (adrenal medulla) | peptide E (adrenal medulla): kappa opiate receptor agonist; 25-amino acid opioid peptide which when cleaved at the sole double basic (Lys-Arg) typical processing site generates the amino-terminal fragment BAM 18 & the carboxy-terminal fragment Leu-enkephalin; structure given in first source; | ||
| bam 22p | |||
| mk-7009 | vaniprevir : An azamacrocyclic compound that is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease inhibitor which is approved for the treatment of hepatitis C virus infections in Japan. vaniprevir: inhibits hepatitis C virus NS3/4a protease | azamacrocycle; carbamate ester; cyclopropanes; N-sulfonylcarboxamide; pyrrolidinecarboxamide | antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor |
| grassystatin a | grassystatin A: isolated from a cyanobacterium, identified as Lyngbya cf.; structure in first source | ||
| no. 407 | No. 407: RN in Chemline for preparation 407: 60267-56-3; structure in first source | ||
| bi 653048 bs h3po4 | BI 653048 BS H3PO4: structure in first source | ||
| RF9 | dipeptide | kisspeptin receptor agonist; neuropeptide FF receptor agonist; neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist | |
| raltegravir | 1,2,4-oxadiazole; dicarboxylic acid amide; hydroxypyrimidine; monofluorobenzenes; pyrimidone; secondary carboxamide | antiviral drug; HIV-1 integrase inhibitor | |
| dolutegravir | difluorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid amide; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary carboxamide | HIV-1 integrase inhibitor | |
| rpx7009 | RPX7009: a beta-lactamase inhibitor; structure in first source |