Page last updated: 2024-10-24

response to glycoside

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoside stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:12027881, PMID:16243970]

Response to glycoside is a complex biological process that involves the detection and subsequent reaction to the presence of glycosides. Glycosides are compounds consisting of a sugar molecule (glycone) linked to a non-sugar molecule (aglycone) via a glycosidic bond. These molecules play crucial roles in various biological processes, including defense mechanisms, signaling, and energy storage.

The response to glycoside begins with the recognition of the glycoside by specific receptors on the surface of cells. These receptors can be proteins or glycoproteins, and their binding to the glycoside initiates a cascade of downstream signaling events. The specific nature of the response depends on the type of glycoside and the organism involved.

For example, some glycosides, like cardiac glycosides, can act as potent toxins by interfering with the sodium-potassium pump, an essential protein responsible for maintaining ion gradients across cell membranes. This disruption leads to a cascade of effects, including increased heart rate, arrhythmias, and even cardiac arrest.

On the other hand, other glycosides, such as saponins, exhibit beneficial effects by interacting with cell membranes and influencing various cellular processes. Saponins have been implicated in cholesterol reduction, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties.

The response to glycoside can also involve metabolic pathways. Specific enzymes, such as glycosidases, can break down glycosides into their constituent sugar and aglycone components. These components can then be utilized or further metabolized by the organism.

In summary, response to glycoside is a multifaceted process that involves recognition, signaling, metabolic transformations, and ultimately, a physiological response. The specific nature of the response depends on the type of glycoside, the organism, and the cellular context.'
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Proteins (3)

ProteinDefinitionTaxonomy
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2A sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P50993]Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3A sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P13637]Homo sapiens (human)
Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 A sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P05023]Homo sapiens (human)

Compounds (14)

CompoundDefinitionClassesRoles
lansoprazoleLansoprazole: A 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxypyridyl derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS. Lansoprazole is a racemic mixture of (R)- and (S)-isomers.benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
omeprazole5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole which is substituted by a [4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2 and a methoxy group at position 5.

omeprazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-omeprazole.

Omeprazole: A 4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridyl, 5-methoxybenzimidazole derivative of timoprazole that is used in the therapy of STOMACH ULCERS and ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME. The drug inhibits an H(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE which is found in GASTRIC PARIETAL CELLS.
aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
pantoprazolepantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.

Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.
aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoxide
anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
digoxigenindigoxigenin : A hydroxy steroid that consists of 5beta-cardanolide having a double bond at the 20(22)-position as well as hydroxy groups at the 3beta-, 12beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Digitalis.

Digoxigenin: 3 beta,12 beta,14-Trihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digoxin. Can be obtained by hydrolysis of digoxin or from Digitalis orientalis L. and Digitalis lanata Ehrh.
12beta-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-sterol
hapten;
plant metabolite
digoxigenin-bis(digitoxoside)cardenolide glycoside
rostafuroxinrostafuroxin: structure in first source
ouabaincardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.

ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.

Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.
11alpha-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid hormone
anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
plant metabolite
digitoxindigitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.

Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665)
cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
digoxindigoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.

Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666)
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin
anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
digitoxigenindigitoxigenin : A 5beta-cardenolide that is 5beta-cardanolide with hydroxy substituents at the 3beta- and 14beta-positions and double bond unsaturation at C(20)-C(22).

Digitoxigenin: 3 beta,14-Dihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digitoxin. Synonyms: Cerberigenin; Echujetin; Evonogenin; Thevetigenin.
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid
phakellistatin 2phakellistatin 2: isolated from the marine sponge Phakellia carteri; structure in first source
digitoxigenin monodigitoxosidedigitoxigenin monodigitoxoside: RN given refers to (ribo-3beta,5beta)-isomer
evomonosideevomonoside : A cardenolide glycoside consisting of digitoxigenin having an alpha-L-rhamnosyl moiety attached at the O(3)-position.

evomonoside: a cytotoxic cardiac glycoside from Lepidium apetalum; RN refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer
cardenolide glycoside
halisulfate 1halisulfate 1: an isocitrate lyase inhibitor sesterterpene sulfate from sponge, Hippospongia sp.; structure in first sourceorganic molecular entitymetabolite