A sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P50993]
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| cytoplasm | cellular component | The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684] |
| endosome | cellular component | A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:19696797] |
| endoplasmic reticulum | cellular component | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). [ISBN:0198506732] |
| plasma membrane | cellular component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| caveola | cellular component | A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721662544, PMID:16645198] |
| cell surface | cellular component | The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] |
| intercalated disc | cellular component | A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells. [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:11732910] |
| membrane | cellular component | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
| T-tubule | cellular component | Invagination of the plasma membrane of a muscle cell that extends inward from the cell surface around each myofibril. The ends of T-tubules make contact with the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194] |
| organelle membrane | cellular component | A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah] |
| cell projection | cellular component | A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. [GOC:jl, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/] |
| neuronal cell body | cellular component | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. [GOC:go_curators] |
| dendritic spine | cellular component | A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment, typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable:they can be thin, stubby, mushroom, or branched, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. [GOC:nln] |
| extracellular vesicle | cellular component | Any vesicle that is part of the extracellular region. [GO_REF:0000064, GOC:pm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24769233] |
| Target | Category | Definition |
|---|
| neurotransmitter uptake | biological process | The directed movement of neurotransmitters into neurons or glial cells. This process leads to inactivation and recycling of neurotransmitters. [ISBN:0123668387] |
| potassium ion transport | biological process | The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
| sodium ion transport | biological process | The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
| intracellular sodium ion homeostasis | biological process | A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of sodium ions within a cell. [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] |
| regulation of smooth muscle contraction | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle contraction. [GOC:go_curators] |
| regulation of striated muscle contraction | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction. [GOC:go_curators] |
| regulation of blood pressure | biological process | Any process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardio, ISBN:0721643949] |
| adult locomotory behavior | biological process | Locomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. [GOC:ai] |
| visual learning | biological process | Any process in an organism in which a change in behavior of an individual occurs in response to repeated exposure to a visual cue. [GOC:jid, ISBN:0582227089] |
| establishment or maintenance of transmembrane electrochemical gradient | biological process | The directed movement of ions to establish or maintain an electrochemical gradient across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah, GOC:sm] |
| regulation of cardiac muscle contraction by regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction via the regulation of the release of sequestered calcium ion by sarcoplasmic reticulum into cytosol. The sarcoplasmic reticulum is the endoplasmic reticulum of striated muscle, specialised for the sequestration of calcium ions that are released upon receipt of a signal relayed by the T tubules from the neuromuscular junction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| response to auditory stimulus | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an auditory stimulus. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb] |
| neuronal action potential propagation | biological process | The propagation of an action potential along an axon, away from the soma. [GOC:isa_complete] |
| regulation of vasoconstriction | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels. [GOC:jl] |
| L-ascorbic acid metabolic process | biological process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-ascorbic acid, (2R)-2-[(1S)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-4-hydroxy-5-oxo-2,5-dihydrofuran-3-olate; L-ascorbic acid is vitamin C and has co-factor and anti-oxidant activities in many species. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
| intracellular potassium ion homeostasis | biological process | A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of potassium ions within a cell. [GOC:mah] |
| response to nicotine | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus. [GOC:bf, GOC:ef, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0582227089] |
| locomotory exploration behavior | biological process | The specific movement from place to place of an organism in response to a novel environment. [GOC:sart, PMID:17151232] |
| sodium ion transmembrane transport | biological process | A process in which a sodium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:vw] |
| response to potassium ion | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a potassium ion stimulus. [GOC:yaf] |
| sodium ion export across plasma membrane | biological process | The directed movement of sodium ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. [GOC:vw, PMID:14674689] |
| negative regulation of striated muscle contraction | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of striated muscle contraction. [GOC:go_curators] |
| ATP metabolic process | biological process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator. [GOC:go_curators] |
| regulation of glutamate uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of L-glutamate into a neuron or glial cell. [GOC:ai] |
| regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glutamatergic synaptic transmission, the process of communication from a neuron to another neuron across a synapse using the neurotransmitter glutamate. [GOC:ai] |
| relaxation of cardiac muscle | biological process | The process in which the extent of cardiac muscle contraction is reduced. [GOC:ecd] |
| cardiac muscle contraction | biological process | Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue. [GOC:dph] |
| cellular response to mechanical stimulus | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus. [GOC:mah] |
| cellular response to steroid hormone stimulus | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a steroid hormone stimulus. [GOC:mah] |
| potassium ion transmembrane transport | biological process | A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mah] |
| regulation of cardiac muscle cell contraction | biological process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle cell contraction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| membrane repolarization | biological process | The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, toward the steady state potential. For example, the repolarization during an action potential is from a positive membrane potential towards a negative resting potential. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| membrane depolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential | biological process | The process in which cardiac muscle cell membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the negative resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| cell communication by electrical coupling involved in cardiac conduction | biological process | The process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by transfer of current between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels and contributes to the process of cardiac conduction. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
| monoatomic cation transmembrane transport | biological process | The process in which a monoatomic cation is transported across a membrane. Monatomic cations (also called simple cations) are positively charged ions consisting of exactly one atom. [GOC:dos, GOC:vw] |
| transport across blood-brain barrier | biological process | The directed movement of substances (e.g. macromolecules, small molecules, ions) through the blood-brain barrier. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, PMID:29377008] |
| negative regulation of calcium ion transmembrane transport | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion transmembrane transport. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24125847] |
| negative regulation of calcium:sodium antiporter activity | biological process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of calcium:sodium antiporter activity. [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19683723] |
| response to glycoside | biological process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a glycoside stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:rl, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:12027881, PMID:16243970] |
| potassium ion import across plasma membrane | biological process | The directed movement of potassium ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. [PMID:9139127] |
| proton transmembrane transport | biological process | The directed movement of a proton across a membrane. [GO_REF:0000069, GOC:pr, GOC:TermGenie] |