Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Reactive Attachment Disorder

Markedly disturbed and developmentally inappropriate social relatedness that begins before age 5 and is associated with grossly pathological child care. The child may persistently fail to initiate and respond to social interactions in a developmentally appropriate way (inhibited type) or there may be a pattern of diffuse attachments with nondiscriminate sociability (disinhibited type). (From DSM-V)

Synonyms(1)

Synonym
Reactive Attachment Disorder

Research

Studies (30)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19900 (0.00)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's11 (36.67)18.1394
2010's19 (63.33)28.8240
2020's0 (0.00)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine0low40
valproic acid0low10
methylphenidate0low10
prazosin0low10
carbostyril0low10
lithium carbonate0low10
s,n,n'-tripropylthiocarbamate0low30
paroxetine0low10
aripiprazole0low10
milnacipran0low10
melamine phosphate0low20
oxytocin0low30
cocaine0low30
freedom0low10
fluvoxamine0low10
naltrexone0low20
ego0low50

Protein Targets (361)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0516
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0314
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 09110
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0516
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60112
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter013215
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0629
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0112
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 010111
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0112
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE3003
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E0202
acetylcholinesterase2002
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit1001
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma4004
SMAD family member 21001
Fumarate hydratase2002
USP1 protein, partial2002
PPM1D protein1001
SMAD family member 31001
TDP1 protein4004
GLI family zinc finger 34004
Microtubule-associated protein tau2002
AR protein4004
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)3003
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 35005
progesterone receptor3003
EWS/FLI fusion protein2002
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]5005
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 15005
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha2002
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha5005
farnesoid X nuclear receptor3003
pregnane X nuclear receptor2002
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha6006
G3003
cytochrome P450 2D64004
polyprotein2002
67.9K protein2002
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta1001
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2002
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor2002
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 23003
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)1001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor3003
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a3003
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)3003
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein2002
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 21001
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d3003
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 24004
heat shock protein beta-11001
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 15005
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 13003
geminin1001
peripheral myelin protein 221001
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 11001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A1001
Solute carrier family 22 member 20202
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30202
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit2002
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0202
Bile salt export pump0404
Interferon beta4004
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 3003
Cellular tumor antigen p534004
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10203
Cytochrome P450 3A40101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0224
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41001
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21001
D(2) dopamine receptor0213
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0314
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0304
D0404
Glutamate receptor 22002
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30303
D(1A) dopamine receptor0101
D(4) dopamine receptor0202
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0314
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0316
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0202
D(4) dopamine receptor0202
Histamine H1 receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0419
Histamine H1 receptor0202
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0316
D(3) dopamine receptor0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0303
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0314
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60101
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 0101
Spike glycoprotein4004
D(2) dopamine receptor0505
Inositol monophosphatase 12002
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20909
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D0202
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C0202
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 13003
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10202
Histamine H3 receptor0101
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial3003
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase1001
Chain A, serum paraoxonase0101
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 11001
Carbonic anhydrase 120101
Carbonic anhydrase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Carbonic anhydrase 30101
Neutrophil cytosol factor 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 40101
Carbonic anhydrase 60101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0101
Carbonic anhydrase 70101
Carbonic anhydrase 90101
Carbonic anhydrase 130101
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase tankyrase-20101
Carbonic anhydrase 140101
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0101
Chain A, CHIMERA OF IG KAPPA CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain B, CHIMERA OF IG GAMMA-1 CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain H, Fab M82G2, Heavy chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82G2, Light chain0011
Chain H, Fab M82g2, Heavy Chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82g2, Light Chain0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10101
Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0314
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0314
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0314
Liver carboxylesterase 10102
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0101
Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0303
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10505
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Transporter0505
GLS protein2002
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 43003
arylsulfatase A1001
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a4004
activating transcription factor 62002
D(1A) dopamine receptor2002
survival motor neuron protein isoform d1001
Cytochrome P450 1A2 0101
Cytochrome P450 2D60506
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0101
Sigma intracellular receptor 20101
Ataxin-24004
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase2002
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 10001
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0202
Histidine decarboxylase0011
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0001
Delta-type opioid receptor0214
Delta-type opioid receptor0314
Kappa-type opioid receptor0213
Mu-type opioid receptor0213
Kappa-type opioid receptor0213
Mu-type opioid receptor0226
Delta-type opioid receptor0226
Kappa-type opioid receptor0203
Kappa-type opioid receptor0216
Nociceptin receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0214
Mu-type opioid receptor0214
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A80001
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE1001
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor0112
Oxytocin receptor0224
Vasopressin V1a receptor0101
Vasopressin V1a receptor0213
Vasopressin V1b receptor0112
Vasopressin V1b receptor0101
Oxytocin receptor0101
Oxytocin receptor0011
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0101
ATAD5 protein, partial2002
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor2002
chromobox protein homolog 11001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor1001
ras-related protein Rab-9A2002
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 12002
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0101
Myeloperoxidase0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10303
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50202
Quinolone resistance protein NorA0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10202
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0404
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 30101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10112
Substance-P receptor0101
Rhodopsin kinase GRK10101
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 50101
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 50101
D(1A) dopamine receptor2002
P2X purinoceptor 40101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0101
Envelope glycoprotein0011
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Rhodopsin kinase GRK10101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0404
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 53003
P2X purinoceptor 40101
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10001
Chain A, HADH2 protein1001
Chain B, HADH2 protein1001
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase1001
thioredoxin reductase1001
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A11001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)1001
glucocerebrosidase1001
alpha-galactosidase1001
aryl hydrocarbon receptor1001
Histone H2A.x1001
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a1001
interferon gamma precursor0001
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor1001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 31001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 11001
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 11001
lethal factor (plasmid)1001
lamin isoform A-delta101001
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi1001
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B1001
Solute carrier family 22 member 30101
Beta-casein0101
Interstitial collagenase0101
Integrin beta-31001
Integrin alpha-IIb1001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0203
Matrix metalloproteinase-90101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-11001
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0203
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-21001
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-51001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-31001
Alpha-mannosidase 2C10011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-21001
Bromodomain-containing protein 20202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-41001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-31001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-61001
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0101
3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 20101
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor0101
Histamine H2 receptor1001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-31001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-21001
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
GABA theta subunit1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon1001
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
Luciferase1001
pregnane X receptor1001
Cocaine esterase0101
Histone deacetylase 30202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90001
Bile salt export pump0101
Cytochrome P450 2A60101
Tissue factor0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70102
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-60001
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
Histone deacetylase 40202
Histone deacetylase 10202
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B70101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10101
Histone deacetylase 70202
Histone deacetylase 20202
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC100202
Histone deacetylase 11 0202
Histone deacetylase 80202
NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial0101
Histone deacetylase 60202
Histone deacetylase 90202
Histone deacetylase 50202
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]