Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Compulsive Eating

A cluster of chemical dependencies to specific foods or food in general in which there develops a physical craving for these foods.

Synonyms(2)

Synonym
Food Addiction
Compulsive Eating

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"We argue that food addiction is a plausible etiological factor contributing to the heterogeneous condition and phenotype of obesity."( Lennerz, B; Lennerz, JK, 2018)
"'Food addiction' is the subject of intense public and research interest."( Buczynski, MW; Carroll, AM; de Guglielmo, G; De Ness, GL; Gregus, AM; Jhou, TC; Kerr, TM; Koya, E; Laque, A; Martin-Fardon, R; Matzeu, A; Nedelescu, H; Ritter, RC; Suto, N; Wagner, GE; Weiss, F; Zorrilla, EP, 2022)
"Introduction: food addiction is associated with genetic polymorphisms and decreased antioxidant intake."( Ağagündüz, D; Küçükkasap Cömert, T; Muşlu, Ö, 2023)

Context

ExcerptReference
"Food addiction has been proposed as an extreme form of compulsive-overeating and has been associated with genetic markers of heightened reward responsiveness."( Loxton, NJ; Tipman, RJ, 2017)

Research

Studies (56)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19900 (0.00)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's0 (0.00)18.1394
2010's30 (53.57)28.8240
2020's26 (46.43)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
caffeine0low10
amphetamine0low10
haloperidol0low10
memantine0low10
methylphenidate0low10
modafinil0low10
prazosin0low10
risperidone0low10
sucrose0low20
levodopa0low10
s,n,n'-tripropylthiocarbamate0medium242
aflatoxin b10low10
oxytocin0low30
cocaine0low30
caryophyllene0medium11
cholecystokinin0low20
dynorphins0low10
sodium oxybate0low10
tylosin0low10
exudates0low20
leptin0medium21

Protein Targets (495)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Acetylcholinesterase0303
Solute carrier family 22 member 30101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C010111
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0202
Cytochrome P450 2A60101
Substance-P receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A09110
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0819
Cytochrome P450 2A50101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0808
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0819
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0112
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0112
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0112
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10303
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE2002
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A3003
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E0101
acetylcholinesterase4004
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit1001
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma4004
SMAD family member 21001
Fumarate hydratase3003
USP1 protein, partial2002
PPM1D protein1001
SMAD family member 31001
TDP1 protein4004
GLI family zinc finger 35005
Microtubule-associated protein tau2002
AR protein7007
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 34004
progesterone receptor2002
EWS/FLI fusion protein5005
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]4004
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 14004
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha2002
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha6006
farnesoid X nuclear receptor4004
pregnane X nuclear receptor4004
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha8008
G1001
cytochrome P450 2D64004
polyprotein3003
67.9K protein2002
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta2002
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma1001
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor4004
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 26006
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)1001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor4004
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a1001
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)3003
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein2002
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 21001
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d3003
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 32002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 25005
heat shock protein beta-11001
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 14004
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 14004
geminin5005
peripheral myelin protein 226006
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 11001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A1001
Solute carrier family 22 member 20304
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30606
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40606
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit4004
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
Bile salt export pump0707
Interferon beta2002
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 1001
Cellular tumor antigen p532002
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10306
Cytochrome P450 3A40304
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0538
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41001
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21001
D(2) dopamine receptor07211
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0617
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0708
D0606
Glutamate receptor 24004
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30404
D(1A) dopamine receptor0506
D(4) dopamine receptor0619
D(1B) dopamine receptor0304
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0617
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor07110
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0606
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0606
D(4) dopamine receptor0303
Histamine H1 receptor0202
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0909
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70303
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor07112
Histamine H1 receptor0606
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0518
D(3) dopamine receptor07211
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0707
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60303
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 0202
Spike glycoprotein4004
D(2) dopamine receptor0808
Inositol monophosphatase 11001
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2010010
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C0101
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 11001
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10505
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10303
Histamine H3 receptor0202
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial1001
Chain A, Glycogen Phosphorylase0101
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Chain A, glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Chain A, Chitinase0101
phosphopantetheinyl transferase2002
GLS protein2002
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor2002
chromobox protein homolog 12002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
DNA polymerase beta1001
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 12002
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M14004
lethal factor (plasmid)3003
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20112
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Renin0101
Carbonic anhydrase 10102
Carbonic anhydrase 20214
Cholinesterase0101
Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0101
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0101
Adenosine receptor A30101
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0101
Adenosine receptor A10305
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0202
Adenosine receptor A30101
Adenosine receptor A2a0214
Adenosine receptor A2b0102
Adenosine receptor A2b0203
Adenosine receptor A10114
Adenosine receptor A2a0205
Vasopressin V2 receptor0001
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR0101
Adenosine receptor A2a0101
Adenosine receptor A10101
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform 0101
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit0101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B0101
Adenylate cyclase type 10001
Chitotriosidase-10101
Serine-protein kinase ATM0101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR0101
Adenosine receptor A2b0102
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C0101
Palmitoleoyl-protein carboxylesterase NOTUM0123
Endochitinase B10101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0001
Phosphodiesterase 0101
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20102
Guanine deaminase0101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase3003
Chain A, CHIMERA OF IG KAPPA CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain B, CHIMERA OF IG GAMMA-1 CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain H, Fab M82G2, Heavy chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82G2, Light chain0011
Chain H, Fab M82g2, Heavy Chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82g2, Light Chain0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10303
Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0415
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0415
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0415
Liver carboxylesterase 10001
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0707
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0506
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0405
Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0405
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0405
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0405
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0606
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0405
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0405
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10404
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0405
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Transporter0505
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X20011
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE3003
glp-1 receptor, partial1001
thioredoxin reductase5005
15-lipoxygenase, partial2002
ATAD5 protein, partial2002
NFKB1 protein, partial1001
Thrombopoietin1001
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease1001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
regulator of G-protein signaling 41001
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 43003
nonstructural protein 11001
glucocerebrosidase2002
arylsulfatase A2002
caspase-31001
Adenylate cyclase type 1 0101
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 12002
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 12002
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor2002
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 13003
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 12002
transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 11001
Cocaine esterase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi2002
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0303
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B2002
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 10101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90102
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40404
Albumin0022
Major prion protein0011
Vitamin D-binding protein0101
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain 0011
Integrin beta-10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50303
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0607
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10303
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0505
Integrin alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-12002
Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 10001
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70102
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0607
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta2002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-22002
D(3) dopamine receptor0303
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-52002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-32002
D(2) dopamine receptor0202
Adenylate cyclase type 30101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-22002
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Histamine H2 receptor0404
D(1B) dopamine receptor0202
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0101
Adenylate cyclase type 20101
Adenylate cyclase type 40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-42002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-62002
Histamine H1 receptor0202
C-8 sterol isomerase0101
Delta-type opioid receptor0202
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C 0202
Kappa-type opioid receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0202
Mu-type opioid receptor0213
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0101
Adenylate cyclase type 80101
Kappa-type opioid receptor0101
Histamine H2 receptor2003
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0101
D(1A) dopamine receptor2103
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70303
Cytochrome P450 2J20101
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor0101
AP-2 complex subunit sigma0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-22002
N-acetyltransferase Eis0202
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
Adenylate cyclase type 60101
Adenylate cyclase type 50101
TAR DNA-binding protein 431001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0202
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0202
3-beta-hydroxysteroid-Delta(8),Delta(7)-isomerase0101
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0101
Calcitonin gene-related peptide type 1 receptor0101
Genome polyprotein 0202
Sigma intracellular receptor 20101
Sigma intracellular receptor 20101
Zinc finger protein 6640101
Vesicular acetylcholine transporter0101
Transporter0303
Cholecystokinin receptor type A0101
Protease 0202
Adenylyl cyclase 7 0101
GABA theta subunit2002
D0101
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 52002
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Ataxin-22002
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon2002
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha0101
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 20101
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha0101
Chain A, HADH2 protein2002
Chain B, HADH2 protein2002
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase2002
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
Luciferase1001
dopamine D1 receptor1001
WRN1001
integrase, partial0101
lens epithelium-derived growth factor p750101
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA11001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)2002
pyruvate kinase1001
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 11001
hexokinase-4 isoform 11001
glucokinase regulatory protein1001
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 11001
flap endonuclease 11001
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
snurportin-11001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)1001
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
Polyphenol oxidase 20001
Carbonic anhydrase 120001
Epidermal growth factor receptor0101
Plasma kallikrein0001
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck0101
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn0101
Carbonic anhydrase 30001
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150101
Tyrosinase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 40001
Carbonic anhydrase 60001
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0001
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Carbonic anhydrase 70001
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 10101
SLC16A10 protein0001
Carbonic anhydrase 90113
Carbonic anhydrase 0001
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative0001
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Carbonic anhydrase 0001
Monocarboxylate transporter 100001
Carbonic anhydrase 150001
Carbonic anhydrase 130001
Carbonic anhydrase 140001
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0001
phosphoglycerate kinase1001
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a3003
huntingtin isoform 21001
lamin isoform A-delta103003
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-30101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-40101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-60101
Cholinesterase0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 10202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 12002
Cytochrome P450 2C190101
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor0112
Oxytocin receptor0224
Vasopressin V1a receptor0101
Vasopressin V1a receptor0213
Vasopressin V1b receptor0112
Vasopressin V1b receptor0101
Oxytocin receptor0101
Oxytocin receptor0011
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0101
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A11001
alpha-galactosidase1001
aryl hydrocarbon receptor1001
Histone H2A.x1001
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor1001
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a1001
interferon gamma precursor0001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 31001
ras-related protein Rab-9A1001
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0112
Solute carrier family 22 member 30101
Beta-casein0101
Interstitial collagenase0101
Integrin beta-31001
Integrin alpha-IIb1001
Matrix metalloproteinase-90101
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-mannosidase 2C10011
Bromodomain-containing protein 20202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0101
3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 20101
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor0101
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0404
Smad31001
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor1001
survival motor neuron protein isoform d1001
Cytochrome P450 2D60101
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10011
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0101
Free fatty acid receptor 30011
Chain A, MALTOPORIN0011
Chain B, MALTOPORIN0011
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]