Page last updated: 2024-08-07 16:11:11

D(4) dopamine receptor

A D(4) dopamine receptor that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P21917]

Synonyms

D(2C) dopamine receptor;
Dopamine D4 receptor

Research

Bioassay Publications (195)

TimeframeStudies on this Protein(%)All Drugs %
pre-19904 (2.05)18.7374
1990's33 (16.92)18.2507
2000's91 (46.67)29.6817
2010's56 (28.72)24.3611
2020's11 (5.64)2.80

Compounds (146)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

DrugTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Publication(s)
2-(n-phenethyl-n-propyl)amino-5-hydroxytetralinHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.054011
3-[(4-chlorophenyl)-phenylmethoxy]-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octaneHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.000011
amiodaroneHomo sapiens (human)IC5017.720010
amiodaroneHomo sapiens (human)Ki6.213010
amoxapineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.034011
astemizoleHomo sapiens (human)IC506.087010
astemizoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.134010
chlorpromazineHomo sapiens (human)IC501.365010
chlorpromazineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.141433
cleboprideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.003211
clotrimazoleHomo sapiens (human)IC5019.919010
clotrimazoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki6.985010
disulfiramHomo sapiens (human)IC503.150010
disulfiramHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.105010
ebastineHomo sapiens (human)IC501.299610
ebastineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.455710
econazoleHomo sapiens (human)IC509.328010
econazoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.271010
fentanylHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.554011
fluphenazineHomo sapiens (human)IC505.877010
fluphenazineHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.061010
haloperidolHomo sapiens (human)IC500.097865
haloperidolHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.01354141
isoproterenolHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.900011
jl 18Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.036011
ketanserinHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.003511
loperamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.850011
loxapineHomo sapiens (human)IC500.014011
loxapineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.006333
methadoneHomo sapiens (human)Ki26.200011
mianserinHomo sapiens (human)IC503.311322
miconazoleHomo sapiens (human)IC5015.270010
miconazoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki5.354010
mirtazapineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.025011
modafinilHomo sapiens (human)Ki100.000011
mosapramineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000011
nemonaprideHomo sapiens (human)IC500.098211
nemonaprideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000822
prazosinHomo sapiens (human)Ki8.300011
prochlorperazineHomo sapiens (human)IC502.311010
prochlorperazineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.810010
quetiapineHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.600044
rbi 257Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.000322
risperidoneHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.010666
3-(3-cyanophenyl)-n-n-propylpiperidineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.933011
spiperoneHomo sapiens (human)IC500.000511
spiperoneHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000655
sulpirideHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.100011
thioridazineHomo sapiens (human)IC501.468010
thioridazineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.515010
n-(2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-n-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.016011
zotepineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.039022
lysergic acid diethylamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.056011
apomorphineHomo sapiens (human)IC500.025011
apomorphineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.008911
phenyltoloxamineHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.765011
indopanHomo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
normethadoneHomo sapiens (human)Ki100.000011
azaperoneHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.006524
11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5h-dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)diazepineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.420011
2-chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5h-dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)diazepineHomo sapiens (human)IC500.110011
2-chloro-11-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-5h-dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)diazepineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.016011
benperidolHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000111
canadine, (s)-isomerHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.486011
1-(3-chloro-5-benzo[b][1]benzoxepinyl)-4-methylpiperazineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000522
penfluridolHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.000011
butaclamolHomo sapiens (human)IC500.050011
haloperidol decanoateHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.005811
remoxiprideHomo sapiens (human)IC503.872011
remoxiprideHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.872011
quinpiroleHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.01801212
preclamolHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.565012
ipsapironeHomo sapiens (human)IC501.800011
eticloprideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.070411
n 0437, (-)-isomerHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.055011
sertindoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.016022
fananserinHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.002922
aripiprazoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.15761112
ziprasidoneHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.040044
dopamine hydrochlorideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.020412
mezilamineHomo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
tetrahydropalmatineHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.000011
tandospironeHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.007211
way 100635Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.016011
gr 127935Homo sapiens (human)Ki10.000022
ecopipamHomo sapiens (human)Ki5.517522
3-iodo-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-n-((1-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)benzamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.570011
pramipexoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.0457810
aj 76Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.117011
1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-phenyl-1-((3-phenyl-3-cyclohexen-1-yl)methyl)pyridineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.090922
n 0734Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.072011
l 741742Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.003355
sonepiprazoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.005222
l 741626Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.961955
chloroethylnorapomorphineHomo sapiens (human)IC508.000011
harmalanHomo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
corydalmineHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.000011
n-demethyllysergic acid diethylamideHomo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
nantenine, (+-)-isomerHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.262011
ngd 94-1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.003722
roxindoleHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.024011
1-methyl-6-methoxy-dihydro-beta-carbolineHomo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
tetrahydrocolumbamineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.077411
sb 243213Homo sapiens (human)IC501.000011
levosulpirideHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.100022
tamoxifenHomo sapiens (human)IC5011.161010
tamoxifenHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.913010
racloprideHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.100011
bp 897Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.105544
n-(2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-3-methoxybenzamideHomo sapiens (human)IC500.000111
n-(2-(4-(4-chlorophenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)-3-methoxybenzamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.000022
pd 168,077Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.009155
le 300Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.108011
abt724Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.083741
quercetinHomo sapiens (human)Ki7.846011
harmineHomo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
preclamolHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.016011
l 745870Homo sapiens (human)IC500.478555
l 745870Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.00081717
pd 128907Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.097822
sb 271046Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.130011
jl 13 compoundHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.109011
7-hydroxy-2-n,n-dipropylaminotetralin, (r)-isomerHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.110011
l 750667Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.000511
uh 232Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.048011
stepholidineHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.748011
sarizotanHomo sapiens (human)IC500.006011
ms-245Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.200011
armodafinilHomo sapiens (human)Ki100.000011
n-demethylloperamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.001111
cp 293019Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.003411
f 13640Homo sapiens (human)Ki2.000011
slv 313Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.010011
fauc 346Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.089844
ngb 2904Homo sapiens (human)Ki4.556733
4-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)butan-1-oneHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.101735
pnu 109291Homo sapiens (human)Ki3.704022
pnu 96415eHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.003011
4-n-butyl-1-(4-(2-methylphenyl)-4-oxo-1-butyl)-piperidine hydrogen chlorideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.011011
n-((1-allyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)methyl)-5-(3-fluoropropyl)-2,3-dimethoxybenzamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki1.300011
77-lh-28-1Homo sapiens (human)IC500.061822
77-lh-28-1Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.001022
fauc 365Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.79791010
fauc 213Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.002988
way-208466Homo sapiens (human)IC505.000011
fauc 113Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.003077
desmethoxyfallyprideHomo sapiens (human)Ki3.000011
2-(3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-2'h-(2,4') bipyridinyl-1'-yl)-n-m-tolyl-acetamideHomo sapiens (human)IC500.129722
2-(3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-2'h-(2,4') bipyridinyl-1'-yl)-n-m-tolyl-acetamideHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.022033
cariprazineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.307034
5-hydroxy-2-n,n-dipropylaminotetralin, (s)-isomerHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.047011
naluzotanHomo sapiens (human)Ki2.000011
pg 01037Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.410055
le 404Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.011311
lassbio-579Homo sapiens (human)Ki0.175022
gsk598809Homo sapiens (human)Ki35.600011
octoclothepine, (s)-isomerHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.001511
a 803467Homo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
sp 203Homo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
nitd 609Homo sapiens (human)IC5010.000011
n,n-diallyl-5-methoxytryptamineHomo sapiens (human)Ki10.000011
clozapineHomo sapiens (human)IC500.07961212
clozapineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.20285151
olanzapineHomo sapiens (human)IC500.173011
olanzapineHomo sapiens (human)Ki0.030566

Drugs with Activation Measurements

DrugTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Publication(s)
haloperidolHomo sapiens (human)EC505.008522
nemonaprideHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.000211
ropiniroleHomo sapiens (human)EC500.100012
n-(2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1-piperazinyl)ethyl)-n-(2-pyridinyl)cyclohexanecarboxamideHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.002411
apomorphineHomo sapiens (human)EC500.004322
lisurideHomo sapiens (human)EC500.088511
quinpiroleHomo sapiens (human)EC500.01991515
pramipexoleHomo sapiens (human)EC500.015022
sk&f 89124Homo sapiens (human)EC500.001812
pd 168,077Homo sapiens (human)EC500.011233
abt724Homo sapiens (human)EC500.012443
preclamolHomo sapiens (human)EC500.060011
l 745870Homo sapiens (human)EC501.128522
obelinHomo sapiens (human)Kd0.005022
dihydrexidineHomo sapiens (human)EC500.017011
fauc 213Homo sapiens (human)EC500.154011
fauc 113Homo sapiens (human)EC500.014022
2-(3',4',5',6'-tetrahydro-2'h-(2,4') bipyridinyl-1'-yl)-n-m-tolyl-acetamideHomo sapiens (human)EC500.163233

Drugs with Other Measurements

DrugTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (mM)Bioassay(s)Publication(s)
chlorpromazineHomo sapiens (human)Kb1.000011
haloperidolHomo sapiens (human)Kb0.001411
haloperidolHomo sapiens (human)pKi0.008011
apomorphineHomo sapiens (human)ID500.039011
metergolineHomo sapiens (human)Activity0.004911
quinpiroleHomo sapiens (human)Intrinsic activity0.100011
dihydrexidineHomo sapiens (human)Intrinsic activity0.100011
4-(3-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-hydroxypyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)butan-1-oneHomo sapiens (human)pKi0.008011
clozapineHomo sapiens (human)Kb10.000011
clozapineHomo sapiens (human)pKi0.007311

Enables

This protein enables 13 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Gomolecular functionCombining with the neurotransmitter dopamine and activating adenylate cyclase via coupling to Gi/Go to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0953351033, IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:2254, IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:2256, IUPHAR_RECEPTOR:2258]
dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activitymolecular functionCombining with the neurotransmitter dopamine to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:PARL, IUPHAR_GPCR:1282, PMID:21711983]
protein bindingmolecular functionBinding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
potassium channel regulator activitymolecular functionBinds to and modulates the activity of a potassium channel. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]
SH3 domain bindingmolecular functionBinding to a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins. [GOC:go_curators, Pfam:PF00018]
dopamine bindingmolecular functionBinding to dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter formed by aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase from 3,4-dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine. [ISBN:0198506732]
identical protein bindingmolecular functionBinding to an identical protein or proteins. [GOC:jl]
metal ion bindingmolecular functionBinding to a metal ion. [GOC:ai]
epinephrine bindingmolecular functionBinding to epinephrine, a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine. [GOC:ai]
norepinephrine bindingmolecular functionBinding to norepinephrine, (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol), a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine. [GOC:ai]
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activitymolecular functionCombining with the biogenic amine serotonin and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a neurotransmitter and hormone found in vertebrates and invertebrates. [GOC:ai]
neurotransmitter receptor activitymolecular functionCombining with a neurotransmitter and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity. [GOC:jl, GOC:signaling]
serotonin bindingmolecular functionBinding to serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine), a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems, also having hormonal properties. [GOC:ai]

Located In

This protein is located in 5 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
centrosomecellular componentA structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684]
plasma membranecellular componentThe membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
membranecellular componentA lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]
postsynapsecellular componentThe part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell. [GOC:dos]
glutamatergic synapsecellular componentA synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos]

Active In

This protein is active in 2 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
plasma membranecellular componentThe membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
dendritecellular componentA neuron projection that has a short, tapering, morphology. Dendrites receive and integrate signals from other neurons or from sensory stimuli, and conduct nerve impulses towards the axon or the cell body. In most neurons, the impulse is conveyed from dendrites to axon via the cell body, but in some types of unipolar neuron, the impulse does not travel via the cell body. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dos, GOC:mah, GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 28 target(s):

TargetCategoryDefinition
behavioral fear responsebiological processAn acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat. [GOC:dph, PMID:9920659]
synaptic transmission, dopaminergicbiological processThe vesicular release of dopamine. from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of dopamine receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. [GOC:dos, GOC:dph]
response to amphetaminebiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amphetamine stimulus. Amphetamines consist of a group of compounds related to alpha-methylphenethylamine. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef]
intracellular calcium ion homeostasisbiological processA homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of a steady state level of calcium ions within a cell. [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah]
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting dopamine receptor signaling pathwaybiological processAn adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by dopamine binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, GOC:tb]
dopamine receptor signaling pathwaybiological processThe series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a dopamine receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. [GOC:mah, PMID:21711983]
adult locomotory behaviorbiological processLocomotory behavior in a fully developed and mature organism. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of sodium:proton antiporter activitybiological processAny process that activates or increases the activity of a sodium:hydrogen antiporter, which catalyzes the reaction: Na+(out) + H+(in) = Na+(in) + H+(out). [GOC:mah]
positive regulation of kinase activitybiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. [GOC:mah]
response to histaminebiological processAny process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a histamine stimulus. Histamine, the biogenic amine 2-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)ethanamine, is involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vk]
social behaviorbiological processBehavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group. [GOC:jh2, PMID:12848939, Wikipedia:Social_behavior]
regulation of dopamine metabolic processbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine. [GOC:go_curators]
dopamine metabolic processbiological processThe chemical reactions and pathways involving dopamine, a catecholamine neurotransmitter and a metabolic precursor of noradrenaline and adrenaline. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]
fear responsebiological processThe response of an organism to a perceived external threat. [GOC:go_curators]
regulation of circadian rhythmbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb]
positive regulation of MAP kinase activitybiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAP kinase activity. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators]
behavioral response to cocainebiological processAny process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of a cocaine stimulus. [GOC:jid]
behavioral response to ethanolbiological processAny process that results in a change in the behavior of an organism as a result of an ethanol stimulus. [GOC:jid]
rhythmic processbiological processAny process pertinent to the generation and maintenance of rhythms in the physiology of an organism. [GOC:jid]
arachidonic acid secretionbiological processThe controlled release of arachidonic acid from a cell or a tissue. [GOC:ai]
negative regulation of protein secretionbiological processAny process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a protein from a cell. [GOC:ai]
positive regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionbiological processAny process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of dopamine into a cell. [GOC:ai]
inhibitory postsynaptic potentialbiological processA process that causes a temporary decrease in postsynaptic membrane potential due to the flow of negatively charged ions into the postsynaptic cell. The flow of ions that causes an IPSP is an inhibitory postsynaptic current (IPSC) and makes it more difficult for the neuron to fire an action potential. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef]
regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalizationbiological processAny process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of endocytosis of neurotransmitter receptor at the postsynapse. [GOC:ai]
negative regulation of voltage-gated calcium channel activitybiological processAny process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated calcium channel activity. [GOC:BHF, GOC:TermGenie]
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting serotonin receptor signaling pathwaybiological processAn adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by serotonin binding to its receptor, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, GOC:tb]
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messengerbiological processA G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway in which the signal is transmitted via the activation or inhibition of a nucleotide cyclase activity and a subsequent change in the concentration of a cyclic nucleotide. [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling, ISBN:0815316194]
chemical synaptic transmissionbiological processThe vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. [GOC:jl, MeSH:D009435]