biphenyl metabolic process

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

The chemical reactions and pathways involving biphenyl, a toxic aromatic hydrocarbon used as a heat transfer agent, as a fungistat in packaging citrus fruits and in plant disease control. Biphenyl can be chlorinated with 1-10 chlorine molecules to form polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). [GOC:jl]

The biphenyl metabolic process involves the breakdown of biphenyl, a complex aromatic hydrocarbon, by living organisms. It's a crucial process in the biodegradation of this environmental contaminant, as biphenyl can accumulate in the environment and pose potential health risks. Here's a detailed breakdown of the process:

1. **Initial Oxidation:** The first step involves the oxidation of biphenyl, usually catalyzed by enzymes called dioxygenases. These enzymes add oxygen atoms to the molecule, leading to the formation of dihydrodiol metabolites.

2. **Dehydration and Aromatization:** The dihydrodiol intermediates undergo dehydration and aromatization, forming hydroxylated biphenyls. This process eliminates water molecules and restores the aromatic ring structure.

3. **Further Oxidation:** The hydroxylated biphenyls can be further oxidized by various enzymes, including monooxygenases and dehydrogenases. This results in the formation of various metabolites with different functional groups, such as ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids.

4. **Ring Cleavage:** Some metabolites undergo ring cleavage reactions, where the aromatic rings are broken down into smaller, more readily degradable molecules. This step is often catalyzed by enzymes like dioxygenases and dioxygenases.

5. **Final Degradation:** The final products of biphenyl metabolism are typically simple organic compounds, such as carbon dioxide, water, and organic acids. These compounds can be readily assimilated by organisms or released into the environment.

The specific enzymes and pathways involved in biphenyl metabolism vary depending on the organism involved. Bacteria, fungi, and certain plants have evolved sophisticated metabolic pathways for degrading biphenyl, playing a vital role in the bioremediation of contaminated environments.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (14)