acetylation-dependent protein binding

Definition

Target type: molecularfunction

Binding to a protein upon acetylation of the target protein. [PMID:26060076]

Acetylation-dependent protein binding refers to the interaction between a protein and another molecule, such as another protein or a DNA segment, that is mediated by the presence of an acetyl group on the interacting protein. Acetylation is a common post-translational modification in which an acetyl group (CH3CO) is added to a lysine residue on a protein. This modification can alter the protein's structure, charge, and interactions with other molecules, thereby affecting its function.

Acetylation-dependent protein binding plays a critical role in a wide range of cellular processes, including:

* **Gene regulation:** Acetylation of histone proteins, which package DNA, can alter the accessibility of DNA to transcription factors, thereby influencing gene expression.
* **Signal transduction:** Acetylation can modulate the activity of signaling proteins by affecting their interactions with other proteins.
* **Protein stability:** Acetylation can influence the stability of proteins by affecting their degradation rate.
* **Cellular localization:** Acetylation can alter the localization of proteins within the cell.

The specific molecular mechanisms of acetylation-dependent protein binding vary depending on the proteins involved and the context in which the interaction occurs. However, in general, the process involves the following steps:

1. **Acetylation:** An acetyl group is added to a lysine residue on a protein by an acetyltransferase enzyme.
2. **Binding:** The acetylated protein interacts with another molecule, such as a protein or DNA segment.
3. **Functional consequences:** The interaction alters the function of the acetylated protein, either by directly affecting its activity or by influencing its interactions with other molecules.

Acetylation-dependent protein binding is a highly dynamic process that is regulated by a variety of factors, including:

* **Enzymatic activity:** The activity of acetyltransferases and deacetylases, the enzymes that add and remove acetyl groups, respectively, can influence the levels of acetylation.
* **Cellular conditions:** Cellular factors, such as pH, temperature, and the presence of other molecules, can affect acetylation levels.
* **External stimuli:** Environmental cues, such as stress or hormones, can trigger changes in acetylation patterns.

Disruption of acetylation-dependent protein binding can have significant consequences for cell function and is implicated in a variety of diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of acetylation-dependent protein binding is therefore crucial for developing new therapeutic strategies for these conditions.'
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Proteins (2)

Compounds (32)