Compounds > ophiobolin a
Page last updated: 2024-11-10

ophiobolin a

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Description

ophiobolin A: sesterterpene; phytotoxin produced by plant pathogen Helminthosporium maydis; natural product inhibitor of calmodulin; RN refers to (18R)-isomer; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ophiobolin A : A sesterterpenoid that is ophiobolane with a hydroxy group at position 3, oxo groups at positions 5 and 25, double bonds at positions 7-8 and 19-20, and an oxygen link between positions 14 and 18. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID5281387
CHEMBL ID522808
CHEBI ID7777
SCHEMBL ID1959293
MeSH IDM0121215

Synonyms (25)

Synonym
CHEBI:7777 ,
(18r)-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-14,18-epoxyophiobola-7,19-dien-25-al
(18r)-14,18-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5-oxoophiobola-7,19-dien-25-al
cochliobolin
spiro(dicyclopenta(a,d)cyclooctene-3(2h),2'(3'h)-furan)-6-carboxaldehyde, 1,3a,4,4',5',6a,7,8,9a,10,10a-dodecahydro-9-hydroxy-3',9,10a-trimethyl-5'-(2-methyl-1-propenyl)-7-oxo-, (2's,3's,3ar,5'r,6as,9r,9as,10ar)-
ophiobola-7,19-dien-25-al, 14,18-epoxy-3-hydroxy-5-oxo-, (18r)-
nsc 114340
ophiobolin a
4611-05-6
cochliobolin a
ophiobolin
nsc-114340
C09145
LMPR0105050001
CHEMBL522808
SCHEMBL1959293
HB0474
ophiobolin a, >=95% (hplc)
(2's,3's,3ar,5'r,6as,9r,9as,10ar)-1,3a,4,4',5',6a,7,8,9,9a,10,10a- dodecahydro-9-hydroxy-3',9,10a-trimethyl-5'-(2-methylpropen-1-yl)-7- oxospiro[dicyclopenta[a,d]cyclooctene-3(2h),2'(3'h)-furan]-6-carbaldehyde
(1'r,2s,3s,3's,4'r,5r,7's,8'e,11'r)-4'-hydroxy-1',3,4'-trimethyl-5-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-6'-oxospiro[oxolane-2,12'-tricyclo[9.3.0.03,7]tetradec-8-ene]-8'-carbaldehyde
Q27107581
DTXSID301017596
HY-N6781
CS-0093830
AKOS040742342

Research Excerpts

Overview

Ophiobolin A is a secondary phytotoxic metabolite produced by some pathogenic fungal species responsible for severe plant diseases. It was found to have significant activity against apoptosis-resistant glioblastoma cells.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Ophiobolin A is a fungal secondary metabolite that was found to have significant activity against apoptosis-resistant glioblastoma cells through the induction of a non-apoptotic cell death, offering an innovative strategy to combat this aggressive cancer. "( Chemistry and biology of ophiobolin A and its congeners.
Dasari, R; Evidente, A; Kornienko, A; Masi, M; Mathieu, V, 2019)		2.26
"Ophiobolin A is a secondary phytotoxic metabolite produced by some pathogenic fungal species responsible for severe plant diseases, considered to play a role in disease development and symptom appearance. "( Augmented phytotoxic effect of nanoencapsulated ophiobolin A.
Boari, A; Evidente, A; Masi, M; Morrison, R; Townley, HE; Vurro, M, 2022)		2.42
"Ophiobolin A (OPA) is a fungal secondary metabolite produced by Bipolaris species."( The effect of acute ophiobolin A treatment on HO-mediated inflammatory processes.
Balogh, L; Bencsik, O; Deim, Z; Juhász, B; Kupai, K; Murlasits, Z; Pósa, A; Szabó, R; Szalai, Z; Szekeres, A; Szilvássy, Z; Vágvölgyi, C; Varga, C, 2017)		1.5
"Ophiobolin A (O-A) is a sesterpenoid with numerous biological activities, including potential anticancer effects. "( Influence of light on the biosynthesis of ophiobolin A by Bipolaris maydis.
Cimmino, A; Evidente, A; Fanelli, F; Masi, M; Mulè, G; Reveglia, P; Vurro, M; Zonno, MC, 2017)		2.16

Treatment

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"4. Ophiobolin A-treated calmodulin is resistant to tryptic cleavage at lysine 77."( Characterization of the interaction of ophiobolin A and calmodulin.
Graves, LM; Leung, PC; Tipton, CL, 1988)		1.06
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (5)

ClassDescription
oxaspiro compoundA spiro compound in which at least one of the cyclic components is an oxygen heterocyle.
enalAn alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde of general formula R(1)R(2)C=CR(3)-CH=O in which the aldehydic C=O function is conjugated to a C=C double bond at the alpha,beta position.
cyclic ketone
tertiary alcoholA tertiary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has three other carbon atoms attached to it.
sesterterpenoidAny terpenoid derived from a sesterterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C25 skeleton of the parent sesterterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups). Sometimes sesterterpenoids are erroneously referred to as sesterpenoids.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Bioassays (74)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1090376Herbicidal activity against Cynodon dactylon assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1699173Phytotoxicity against Digitaria sanguinalis leaf assessed as diameter of necrosis at 10^-4 M by leaf-puncture assay2020Journal of natural products, 11-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11
Drophiobiolins A and B, Bioactive Ophiobolan Sestertepenoids Produced by
AID1090354Herbicidal activity against Convolvulus arvensis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID332612Antifungal activity against Torulopsis petrophilum by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID380169Cytotoxicity against human HT-29 cells1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Characterization of 6-epi-3-anhydroophiobolin B from Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
AID1250707Antitumor activity against luciferase expressing human U251 cells xenografted in mouse assessed as increase in mouse survival at 10 mg/kg, ip dosed as 3 doses per week for 21 days2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID1699168Phytotoxicity against Digitaria sanguinalis leaves assessed as diameter of necrosis at 10^-3 M by leaf-puncture assay2020Journal of natural products, 11-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11
Drophiobiolins A and B, Bioactive Ophiobolan Sestertepenoids Produced by
AID1090365Herbicidal activity against Phalaris canariensis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090380Herbicidal activity against Bromus sterilis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090366Herbicidal activity against Phalaris canariensis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID332604Antifungal activity against Candida albicans by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID1090372Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090369Herbicidal activity against Piptatherum miliaceum assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID332607Antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID1250714Antiproliferative activity against human SK-MEL-28 cells by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID1090355Herbicidal activity against Chenopodium album assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1572804Acute toxicity in sc dosed mouse2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-01, Volume: 29, Issue:7
Chemistry and biology of ophiobolin A and its congeners.
AID1090378Herbicidal activity against Cynodon dactylon assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090370Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090353Herbicidal activity against Convolvulus arvensis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1250713Antiproliferative activity against human U373 cells by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID1699171Phytotoxicity against Lycopersicon esculentum leaf assessed as diameter of necrosis at 10^-3 M by leaf-puncture assay2020Journal of natural products, 11-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11
Drophiobiolins A and B, Bioactive Ophiobolan Sestertepenoids Produced by
AID1090356Herbicidal activity against Chenopodium album assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1250710Antiproliferative activity against human A549 cells by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID1090351Herbicidal activity against Diplotaxis erucoides assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1572802Cytotoxicity against human NCI60 cells2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-01, Volume: 29, Issue:7
Chemistry and biology of ophiobolin A and its congeners.
AID1699170Antiproliferative activity against mouse B16-F10 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by MTT assay2020Journal of natural products, 11-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11
Drophiobiolins A and B, Bioactive Ophiobolan Sestertepenoids Produced by
AID1090357Herbicidal activity against Chenopodium album assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090377Herbicidal activity against Cynodon dactylon assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1250712Antiproliferative activity against human Hs683 cells by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID1699169Cytotoxicity against human RD cells assessed as reduction in cell viability relative to control2020Journal of natural products, 11-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11
Drophiobiolins A and B, Bioactive Ophiobolan Sestertepenoids Produced by
AID332606Antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID1090364Herbicidal activity against Phalaris canariensis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090359Herbicidal activity against Amaranthus retroflexus assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090385Herbicidal activity against Diplotaxis erucoides assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090383Herbicidal activity against Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID332608Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID1090347Herbicidal activity against Sonchus oleraceus assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post-compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090374Herbicidal activity against Digitaria sanguinalis (hairy crabgrass) assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1250706Growth inhibition of human NCI60 cells2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID380168Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Characterization of 6-epi-3-anhydroophiobolin B from Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
AID380172Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum D61999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Characterization of 6-epi-3-anhydroophiobolin B from Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
AID1090358Herbicidal activity against Amaranthus retroflexus assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090373Herbicidal activity against Digitaria sanguinalis (hairy crabgrass) assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1250709Drug level in brain tumor of luciferase expressing human U251 cells xenografted mouse dosed intravenously and measured after 15 mins2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID1090363Herbicidal activity against Setaria viridis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090360Herbicidal activity against Amaranthus retroflexus assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1699175Phytotoxicity against Chenopodium album leaf assessed as diameter of necrosis at 10^-4 M by leaf-puncture assay2020Journal of natural products, 11-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11
Drophiobiolins A and B, Bioactive Ophiobolan Sestertepenoids Produced by
AID1090371Herbicidal activity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090349Herbicidal activity against Sonchus oleraceus assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post-compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090361Herbicidal activity against Setaria viridis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090362Herbicidal activity against Setaria viridis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1250711Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells by MTT assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID1090382Herbicidal activity against Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1699172Phytotoxicity against Chenopodium album leaf assessed as diameter of necrosis at 10^-3 M by leaf-puncture assay2020Journal of natural products, 11-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11
Drophiobiolins A and B, Bioactive Ophiobolan Sestertepenoids Produced by
AID1250708Antitumor activity against luciferase expressing human U251 cells xenografted in mouse assessed as inhibition of tumor growth at 10 mg/kg, ip dosed as 3 doses per week for 21 days2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 25, Issue:20
Fungal metabolite ophiobolin A as a promising anti-glioma agent: In vivo evaluation, structure-activity relationship and unique pyrrolylation of primary amines.
AID1090352Herbicidal activity against Convolvulus arvensis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID380173Antimalarial activity against Plasmodium falciparum W21999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Characterization of 6-epi-3-anhydroophiobolin B from Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
AID1090384Herbicidal activity against Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090381Herbicidal activity against Bromus sterilis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090375Herbicidal activity against Digitaria sanguinalis (hairy crabgrass) assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 250 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1572803Acute toxicity in iv dosed mouse2019Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 04-01, Volume: 29, Issue:7
Chemistry and biology of ophiobolin A and its congeners.
AID1699174Phytotoxicity against Lycopersicon esculentum leaf assessed as diameter of necrosis at 10^-4 M by leaf-puncture assay2020Journal of natural products, 11-25, Volume: 83, Issue:11
Drophiobiolins A and B, Bioactive Ophiobolan Sestertepenoids Produced by
AID332609Antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium intercellulare by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID380170Cytotoxicity against human Mel20 cells1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Characterization of 6-epi-3-anhydroophiobolin B from Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
AID332611Antifungal activity against Torulopsis cremoris by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID332605Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID1090379Herbicidal activity against Bromus sterilis assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID332610Antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus by agar-well diffusion assay1995Journal of natural products, Jan, Volume: 58, Issue:1
Microbial metabolites of ophiobolin A and antimicrobial evaluation of ophiobolins.
AID1090367Herbicidal activity against Piptatherum miliaceum assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090348Herbicidal activity against Sonchus oleraceus assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post-compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090350Herbicidal activity against Diplotaxis erucoides assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 50 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID1090368Herbicidal activity against Piptatherum miliaceum assessed as diameter of leaf necrosis at 100 ug/ml measured after 2 days post compound treatment by leaf puncture assay2006Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-08, Volume: 54, Issue:5
Herbicidal potential of ophiobolins produced by Drechslera gigantea.
AID380171Cytotoxicity against mouse P388 cells1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Characterization of 6-epi-3-anhydroophiobolin B from Cochliobolus heterostrophus.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (52)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19902 (3.85)18.7374
1990's8 (15.38)18.2507
2000's11 (21.15)29.6817
2010's22 (42.31)24.3611
2020's9 (17.31)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 25.93

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index25.93 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.99 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.24 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index29.35 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (25.93)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews1 (1.89%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other52 (98.11%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
gallic acid
gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.		1.9910trihydroxybenzoic acidantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
astringent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
gallopamil
Gallopamil: Coronary vasodilator that is an analog of iproveratril (VERAPAMIL) with one more methoxy group on the benzene ring.		1.9910benzenes;
organic amino compound
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		2.420aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
calmidazolium
calmidazolium: powerful inhibitor of or red blood cell Ca++-ATPase & Ca++ transport into inside-out red blood cell vesicles; RN refers to chloride; structure in first source; an antagonist of calmodulin. calmidazolium : An imidazolium ion that is imidazolium cation substituted by a bis(4-chlorophenyl)methyl group at position 1 and a 2-[(2,4-dichlorobenzyl)oxy]-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl group at position 3. It acts as an antagonist of calmodulin, a calcium binding messenger protein.		2.0110imidazolium ionapoptosis inducer;
calmodulin antagonist
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		1.9910organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
staurosporine aglycone
staurosporine aglycone: metabolite from culture broth of Nocardiopsis sp.; a neurotrophin antag; inhibits BDNF TrkB receptor		2.0110
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		2.0110C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
nimodipine
Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.		2.01102-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
phenoxybenzamine
Phenoxybenzamine: An alpha-adrenergic antagonist with long duration of action. It has been used to treat hypertension and as a peripheral vasodilator.		1.9910aromatic amine
procaine
Procaine: A local anesthetic of the ester type that has a slow onset and a short duration of action. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, peripheral nerve block, and spinal block. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1016).. procaine : A benzoate ester, formally the result of esterification of 4-aminobenzoic acid with 2-diethylaminoethanol but formed experimentally by reaction of ethyl 4-aminobenzoate with 2-diethylaminoethanol.		2.420benzoate ester;
substituted aniline;
tertiary amino compound		central nervous system depressant;
drug allergen;
local anaesthetic;
peripheral nervous system drug
8-(n,n-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate
8-(N,N-diethylamino)octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate: intracellular calcium antagonist; RN given refers to parent cpd		1.9910trihydroxybenzoic acid
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		2.4420N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
w 7
W 7: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure; calmodulin antagonist		3.150
lysine
Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.		1.9910aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.		2.0110amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine		EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
egtazic acid
Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.		2.730diether;
tertiary amino compound;
tetracarboxylic acid		chelator
rhodamine b
rhodamine B: RN & N1 from 9th CI Form Index; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7973; TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE was see RHODAMINES 1975-93; use RHODAMINES to search TETRAETHYLRHODAMINE 1975-93. rhodamine B : An organic chloride salt having N-[9-(2-carboxyphenyl)-6-(diethylamino)-3H-xanthen-3-ylidene]-N-ethylethanaminium as the counterion. An amphoteric dye commonly used as a fluorochrome.		1.9910organic chloride salt;
xanthene dye		fluorescent probe;
fluorochrome;
histological dye
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.		2.0310pyrrole;
secondary amine
framycetin
Framycetin: A component of NEOMYCIN that is produced by Streptomyces fradiae. On hydrolysis it yields neamine and neobiosamine B. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). framycetin : A tetracyclic antibacterial agent derived from neomycin, being a glycoside ester of neamine and neobiosamine B.		1.9910aminoglycosideallergen;
antibacterial drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite
quinazolines
Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.		2.0310azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinazolines
oxazoles
Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.		2.13101,3-oxazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
fluorescein
Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.		2.21102-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
europium
Europium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Eu, atomic number 63, and atomic weight 152. Europium is used in the form of its salts as coatings for cathode ray tubes and in the form of its organic derivatives as shift reagents in NMR spectroscopy.		2.2110f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		2.4320glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
p-methoxy-n-methylphenethylamine
p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine: A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.. N,O-dimethyltyramine : A secondary amino compound that is tyramine in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a methyl group.		1.9910aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound		metabolite
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid: structure in first source		1.9910polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		chelator
glycyl-arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-seryl-proline
glycyl-arginyl-glycyl-aspartyl-seryl-proline: can duplicate the binding activity of fibronectin vitronectin; RN given refers to ALL-L isomer		2.0110
fusicoccin
fusicoccin: phytotoxic glycoside from Fusicoccum amydali; structure		7.0410
inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin.		1.9910myo-inositol trisphosphatemouse metabolite
thapsigargin
Thapsigargin: A sesquiterpene lactone found in roots of THAPSIA. It inhibits SARCOPLASMIC RETICULUM CALCIUM-TRANSPORTING ATPASES.. thapsigargin : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a hexa-oxygenated 6,7-guaianolide isolated fron the roots of Thapsia garganica L., Apiaceae. A potent skin irritant, it is used in traditional medicine as a counter-irritant. Thapsigargin inhibits Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase mediated uptake of calcium ions into sarcoplasmic reticulum and is used in experimentation examining the impacts of increasing cytosolic calcium concentrations.		210butyrate ester;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
sesquiterpene lactone		calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
glycosides
[no description available]		2.0410
sesquiterpenes
[no description available]		2.3110
1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester
[no description available]		2.0310
salinomycin
salinomycin: from Streptomyces albus; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.1310polyketide;
spiroketal		animal growth promotant;
potassium ionophore
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		1.9810antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
casein kinase ii
Casein Kinase II: A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.		2.0210
tetrodotoxin
Tetrodotoxin: An aminoperhydroquinazoline poison found mainly in the liver and ovaries of fishes in the order TETRAODONTIFORMES, which are eaten. The toxin causes paresthesia and paralysis through interference with neuromuscular conduction.. tetrodotoxin : A quinazoline alkaloid that is a marine toxin isolated from fish such as puffer fish. It has been shown to exhibit potential neutotoxicity due to its ability to block voltage-gated sodium channels.		2.0110azatetracycloalkane;
oxatetracycloalkane;
quinazoline alkaloid		animal metabolite;
bacterial metabolite;
marine metabolite;
neurotoxin;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
variecolin
variecolin: structure in first source		7.0810enal;
sesterterpenoid		Aspergillus metabolite
sq-23377
Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes.		2.7130cyclic ether;
enol;
polyunsaturated fatty acid;
very long-chain fatty acid		calcium ionophore;
metabolite
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		2.1510aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
calcimycin
Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.		2.7130benzoxazole
calcium crimson
calcium crimson: a fluorescent calcium indicator		1.9910ammonium betaine;
sulfonamide		fluorochrome
trifluoperazine dimaleate
[no description available]		2.0110maleate salt
cytochalasin d
Cytochalasin D: A fungal metabolite that blocks cytoplasmic cleavage by blocking formation of contractile microfilament structures resulting in multinucleated cell formation, reversible inhibition of cell movement, and the induction of cellular extrusion. Additional reported effects include the inhibition of actin polymerization, DNA synthesis, sperm motility, glucose transport, thyroid secretion, and growth hormone release.. cytochalasin D : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is a mycotoxin produced by Helminthosporium and other moulds which is cell permeable and a potent inhibitor of actin polymerisation and DNA synthesis.		2.0110
conglobatin
conglobatin: dimer consisting of 2 molecules of 7-hydroxy-8-oxazolyl-2,4,6-trimethyl-2-octenoic acid joined by 2 ester linkages; structure		2.1310
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Benign Neoplasms, Brain
[description not available]		02.520
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		02.1110
Astrocytoma, Grade IV
[description not available]		02.520
Brain Neoplasms
Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.		02.520
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.		07.520
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		03.7430
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		03.7430
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		07.3110
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		02.3110
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		02.0810
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		02.0810
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		02.0810
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		02.0810
Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal
A form of RHABDOMYOSARCOMA arising primarily in the head and neck, especially the orbit, of children below the age of 10. The cells are smaller than those of other rhabdomyosarcomas and are of two basic cell types: spindle cells and round cells. This cancer is highly sensitive to chemotherapy and has a high cure rate with multi-modality therapy. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p2188)		02.110
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.1510
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		02.1510
Infections, Orthomyxoviridae
[description not available]		02.1310
Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE.		02.1310
Malignant Melanoma
[description not available]		02.1310
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)		07.1310