5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-gal) is a synthetic substrate for beta-galactosidase. It is colorless in solution but upon hydrolysis by beta-galactosidase it forms a blue colored product, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxyindole. X-gal is widely used in molecular biology research to detect the expression of genes under the control of the lac operon. It can be used to screen for bacterial colonies that carry a plasmid with a functional lacZ gene, which encodes beta-galactosidase. X-gal can also be used to detect the expression of reporter genes in eukaryotic cells. X-gal is generally considered to be a safe reagent when used under normal laboratory conditions.'
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5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside: enzyme substrate for beta-galactosidase [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-galactoside : An indolyl carbohydrate that is the beta-D-galactoside of 3-hydroxy-1H-indole in which the indole moiety is substituted at positions 4 and 5 by chlorine and bromine, respectively. It is used to test for the presence of an enzyme, beta-galactosidase, which cleaved the glycosidic bond to give 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxy-1H-indole, which immediately dimerises to give an intensely blue product. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 65181 |
| CHEMBL ID | 1242856 |
| CHEBI ID | 75055 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 98837 |
| MeSH ID | M0130826 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| 7240-90-6 |
| IDI1_031132 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-d-galactopyranoside, >=98%, powder |
| bcig |
| x-gal |
| MAYBRIDGE4_000550 |
| SR-01000631716-1 |
| B-7150 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-d-galactopyranoside, >=98% |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-d-galactopyranoside, tablet |
| HMS1522I22 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-(beta-d-galactopyranosyloxy)indole |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-d-galactopyranoside |
| BRD-K37294861-001-01-7 |
| (2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol |
| A837518 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-d-galactoside;x-gal |
| CHEMBL1242856 |
| chebi:75055 , |
| indoxyl-gal |
| AKOS015919187 |
| CCG-41656 |
| v595og374w , |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside |
| beta-d-galactopyranoside, 5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl |
| 5-bromo-4-chloroindol-3-yl-beta-d-galactopyranoside |
| einecs 230-640-8 |
| unii-v595og374w |
| c14h15brclno6 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-d-galactoside |
| indole, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-(.beta.-d-galactopyranosyloxy)- |
| x-gal [mi] |
| 5-bromo-4-chloroindol-3-yl, .beta.-d-galactopyranoside |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl .beta.-d-galactopyranoside |
| .beta.-d-galactopyranoside, 5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl-.beta.-galactopyranoside |
| galactopyranoside, 5-bromo-4-chloroindol-3-yl, .beta.-d- |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-c-indolyl-.beta.-d-galactopyranose |
| 5-bromo-4-chloroindol-3-yl .beta.-d-galactopyranoside |
| S6820 |
| HY-15934 |
| SCHEMBL98837 |
| (2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4,5-triol |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indoll-3-yl-?-d-galactopyranoside |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-.beta.-d-galactoside |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl hexopyranoside # |
| HB4128 |
| AC-24654 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-d-galactopyranoside, 98% |
| x-gal, 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-d-galactopyranoside, vetec(tm) reagent grade, >=98% |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl -d-galactopyranoside |
| x-gal;5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl -d-galactoside-(1,5) |
| (2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-((5-bromo-4-chloro-1h-indol-3-yl)oxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2h-pyran-3,4,5-triol |
| AS-11176 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloroindol-3-yl-|a-d-galactopyranoside |
| 5-bromo-4-chloroindol-3-yl beta-d-galactopyranoside |
| Q238475 |
| AMY41378 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta -d-galactopyranoside |
| M02699 |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-ss-d-galactopyranoside |
| bcigbcig |
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| "The correct Pax6 dosage is necessary for normal clonal growth during corneal development, normal limbal stem cell activity, and correct corneal epithelial cell migration." | ( Corneal development, limbal stem cell function, and corneal epithelial cell migration in the Pax6(+/-) mouse. Chanas, SA; Collinson, JM; Hill, RE; West, JD, 2004) | 0.32 |
| Role | Description |
|---|---|
| chromogenic compound | Colourless, endogenous or exogenous pigment precursors that may be transformed by biological mechanisms into coloured compounds. They are used in biochemical assays and in diagnosis as indicators, particularly in the form of enzyme substrates. |
| [role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| indolyl carbohydrate | |
| beta-D-galactoside | Any D-galactoside having beta-configuration at its anomeric centre. |
| organochlorine compound | An organochlorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chlorine bond. |
| organobromine compound | A compound containing at least one carbon-bromine bond. |
| D-aldohexose derivative | An aldohexose derivative that has D-configuration. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID588519 | A screen for compounds that inhibit viral RNA polymerase binding and polymerization activities | 2011 | Antiviral research, Sep, Volume: 91, Issue:3 | High-throughput screening identification of poliovirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitors. |
| AID540299 | A screen for compounds that inhibit the MenB enzyme of Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 2010 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-01, Volume: 20, Issue:21 | Synthesis and SAR studies of 1,4-benzoxazine MenB inhibitors: novel antibacterial agents against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. |
| AID508690 | Induction of hla virulent gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus PC322 containing hla::lacZ assessed as color chage at 150 ug/ml at 37 degC in presence of chromogenic beta-galactosidase substrate and 1 to 50 % glucose solution | 2010 | Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1 | Method for screening compounds that influence virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus. |
| AID508688 | Induction of hla virulent gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus PC322 containing hla::lacZ assessed as color chage at 150 ug/ml at 37 degC in presence of chromogenic beta-galactosidase substrate | 2010 | Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1 | Method for screening compounds that influence virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus. |
| AID508692 | Induction of spa virulent gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus PC203 containing spa::lacZ assessed as color chage at 150 ug/ml at 37 degC in presence of chromogenic beta-galactosidase substrate and 1 to 50 % glucose solution | 2010 | Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1 | Method for screening compounds that influence virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus. |
| AID508686 | Induction of spa virulent gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus PC203 containing spa::lacZ assessed as color chage at 150 ug/ml at 37 degC in presence of chromogenic beta-galactosidase substrate | 2010 | Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Jan, Volume: 54, Issue:1 | Method for screening compounds that influence virulence gene expression in Staphylococcus aureus. |
| AID1159607 | Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction | 2016 | Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6 | A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7 (1.73) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 85 (21.04) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 186 (46.04) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 120 (29.70) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 6 (1.49) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (16.28) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 4 (0.95%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 419 (99.05%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule |
| formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent |
| chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | sulfoxide; volatile organic compound | alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger |
| glycine [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid; amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; hepatoprotective agent; micronutrient; neurotransmitter; NMDA receptor agonist; nutraceutical |
| pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | cofactor; fundamental metabolite |
| quinolinic acid Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | pyridinedicarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist |
| uracil 2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | pyrimidine nucleobase; pyrimidone | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; prodrug; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| aurintricarboxylic acid Aurintricarboxylic Acid: A dye which inhibits protein biosynthesis at the initial stages. The ammonium salt (aluminon) is a reagent for the colorimetric estimation of aluminum in water, foods, and tissues.. aurintricarboxylic acid : A member of the class of quinomethanes that is 3-methylidene-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid in which the methylidene hydrogens are replaced by 4-carboxy-3-hydroxyphenyl groups. The trisodium salt is the biological stain 'chrome violet CG' while the triammonium salt is 'aluminon'. | 2 | 1 | 0 | monohydroxybenzoic acid; quinomethanes; tricarboxylic acid | fluorochrome; histological dye; insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 antagonist |
| benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene | carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite |
| bumetanide [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | amino acid; benzoic acids; sulfonamide | diuretic; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor |
| busulfan [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | methanesulfonate ester | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent |
| carmustine Carmustine: A cell-cycle phase nonspecific alkylating antineoplastic agent. It is used in the treatment of brain tumors and various other malignant neoplasms. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p462) This substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985). (From Merck Index, 11th ed). carmustine : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a nitroso group. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent |
| dapi DAPI: RN given refers to parent cpd. | 3.65 | 3 | 0 | indoles | fluorochrome |
| erythrosine Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| gentamicin Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| halothane [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | haloalkane; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound | inhalation anaesthetic |
| lomustine [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | N-nitrosoureas; organochlorine compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent |
| methyl methanesulfonate [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | methanesulfonate ester | alkylating agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen |
| activins Activins: Activins are produced in the pituitary, gonads, and other tissues. By acting locally, they stimulate pituitary FSH secretion and have diverse effects on cell differentiation and embryonic development. Activins are glycoproteins that are hetero- or homodimers of INHIBIN-BETA SUBUNITS. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| niflumic acid Niflumic Acid: An analgesic and anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aromatic carboxylic acid; pyridines | |
| phenolsulfonphthalein Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2,1-benzoxathiole; arenesulfonate ester; phenols; sultone | acid-base indicator; diagnostic agent; two-colour indicator |
| sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol). | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | glucitol | cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| aldosterone [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | chlorocarbon; chloromethanes | hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant |
| lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| apomorphine Apomorphine: A derivative of morphine that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It is a powerful emetic and has been used for that effect in acute poisoning. It has also been used in the diagnosis and treatment of parkinsonism, but its adverse effects limit its use. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | aporphine alkaloid | alpha-adrenergic drug; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopamine agonist; emetic; serotonergic drug |
| 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | tetrachlorophenol | xenobiotic metabolite |
| bromodeoxyuridine Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors. | 4.06 | 14 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent |
| galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 2.73 | 3 | 0 | D-galactose; galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phenylephrine Phenylephrine: An alpha-1 adrenergic agonist used as a mydriatic, nasal decongestant, and cardiotonic agent.. phenylephrine : A member of the class of the class of phenylethanolamines that is (1R)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylethan-1-ol carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at position 3 on the phenyl ring. | 2 | 1 | 0 | phenols; phenylethanolamines; secondary amino compound | alpha-adrenergic agonist; cardiotonic drug; mydriatic agent; nasal decongestant; protective agent; sympathomimetic agent; vasoconstrictor agent |
| lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose. | 3.14 | 5 | 0 | lactose | |
| cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| dimethylformamide Dimethylformamide: A formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylformamide : A member of the class of formamides that is formamide in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by methyl groups. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | formamides; volatile organic compound | geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent |
| histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| alizarin [no description available] | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | dihydroxyanthraquinone | chromophore; dye; plant metabolite |
| tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tolonium chloride Tolonium Chloride: A phenothiazine that has been used as a hemostatic, a biological stain, and a dye for wool and silk. Tolonium chloride has also been used as a diagnostic aid for oral and gastric neoplasms and in the identification of the parathyroid gland in thyroid surgery.. tolonium chloride : An organic chloride salt having 3-amino-7-(dimethylamino)-2-methylphenothiazin-5-ium (tolonium) as the counterion. It is a blue nuclear counterstain that can be used to demonstrate Nissl substance and is also useful for staining mast cell granules, both in metachromatic and orthochromatic techniques. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| heptanal heptanal : An n-alkanal resulting from the oxidation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of heptan-1-ol to the corresponding aldehyde. An endogenous aldehyde coming from membrane lipid oxidation, it is found in the blood of lung cancer patients and has been regarded as a potential biomarker of lung cancer. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | medium-chain fatty aldehyde; n-alkanal; saturated fatty aldehyde | biomarker |
| uridine diphosphate glucose Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.. UDP-alpha-D-glucose : The alpha-anomer of UDP-alpha-D-glucose. It is used in nucleotide sugars metabolism. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | UDP-D-glucose | fundamental metabolite |
| thiazoles [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | 1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene | |
| nitroblue tetrazolium Nitroblue Tetrazolium: Colorless to yellow dye that is reducible to blue or black formazan crystals by certain cells; formerly used to distinguish between nonbacterial and bacterial diseases, the latter causing neutrophils to reduce the dye; used to confirm diagnosis of chronic granulomatous disease. | 3.23 | 1 | 0 | organic cation | |
| triphenyltetrazolium triphenyltetrazolium: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium : An organic cation that is tetrazole carrying three phenyl substituents at positions 2, 3 and 5. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | organic cation | |
| azacitidine Azacitidine: A pyrimidine analogue that inhibits DNA methyltransferase, impairing DNA methylation. It is also an antimetabolite of cytidine, incorporated primarily into RNA. Azacytidine has been used as an antineoplastic agent.. 5-azacytidine : An N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine that is 4-amino-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one substituted by a beta-D-ribofuranosyl residue via an N-glycosidic linkage. An antineoplastic agent, it is used in the treatment of myeloid leukaemia. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-glycosyl-1,3,5-triazine; nucleoside analogue | antineoplastic agent |
| diazomethane Diazomethane: A diazonium compound with the formula CH2N2.. diazomethane : The simplest diazo compound, in which a diazo group is attached to a methylene group. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | diazo compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; poison |
| hematoxylin Hematoxylin: A dye obtained from the heartwood of logwood (Haematoxylon campechianum Linn., Leguminosae) used as a stain in microscopy and in the manufacture of ink. | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | organic heterotetracyclic compound; oxacycle; polyphenol; tertiary alcohol | histological dye; plant metabolite |
| luminol Luminol: 5-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione. Substance that emits light on oxidation. It is used in chemical determinations. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cellobiose beta-cellobiose : A cellobiose with beta configuration at the reducing-end glucose residue. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | cellobiose | epitope |
| eosine yellowish-(ys) Eosine Yellowish-(YS): A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with HEMATOXYLIN. It is also used in special culture media.. eosin YS dye : An organic sodium salt that is 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | organic sodium salt; organobromine compound | fluorochrome; histological dye |
| c.i. 42510 Rosaniline Dyes: Compounds that contain the triphenylmethane aniline structure found in rosaniline. Many of them have a characteristic magenta color and are used as COLORING AGENTS.. basic fuchsin : A four-component mixture of chemically related dyes comprising pararosanilin, rosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin in varying amounts. rosanilin : A hydrochloride that is the monohydrochloride of 4-[(4-aminophenyl)(4-iminocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline. One of the major constituents of Basic fuchsin, together with pararosanilin, magenta II and new fuchsin. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | cyclic ketone; erythromycin | |
| ethylnitrosourea Ethylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by ethyl and nitroso groups. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | N-nitrosoureas | alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen |
| hydroxyethyl methacrylate hydroxyethyl methacrylate: many of cited refs are for gel which refers to polymeric form of above cpd: POLYHYDROXYETHYL METHACRYLATE. 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate : An enoate ester that is the monomethacryloyl derivative of ethylene glycol. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | enoate ester | allergen; polymerisation monomer |
| deoxycytidine [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| carmine Carmine: Coloring matter from the insect Coccus cacti L. It is used in foods, pharmaceuticals, toiletries, etc., as a dye, and also has use as a microscopic stain and biological marker. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| digoxigenin Digoxigenin: 3 beta,12 beta,14-Trihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)-enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digoxin. Can be obtained by hydrolysis of digoxin or from Digitalis orientalis L. and Digitalis lanata Ehrh.. digoxigenin : A hydroxy steroid that consists of 5beta-cardanolide having a double bond at the 20(22)-position as well as hydroxy groups at the 3beta-, 12beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the plant species of the genus Digitalis. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid; 14beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol | hapten; plant metabolite |
| fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | fluorescein isothiocyanate | |
| dithiothreitol 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol; butanediols; dithiol; glycol; thiol | chelator; human metabolite; reducing agent |
| ecdysone [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 14alpha-hydroxy steroid; 22-hydroxy steroid; 25-hydroxy steroid; 2beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-sterol; 6-oxo steroid; ecdysteroid | prohormone |
| chlorophenol red chlorophenol red: used in transport studies of goldfish renal tubules; structure | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound | neurotransmitter agent |
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor |
| gemcitabine gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | organofluorine compound; pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antiviral drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; photosensitizing agent; prodrug; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| vanadates Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms. | 2 | 1 | 0 | trivalent inorganic anion; vanadium oxoanion | EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor |
| glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope; mouse metabolite |
| thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | organic bromide salt | colorimetric reagent; dye |
| 4-nitrophenylgalactoside 4-nitrophenylgalactoside: RN refers to (beta-D)-isomer. 4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactopyranoside having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; monosaccharide derivative | affinity label |
| 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl phosphate: substrate for demonstration of activity of alkaline phosphatase; structure given in first source. 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl phosphate : An aryl phosphate that is indoxyl phopshate in which the indole moiety is substituted at positions 4 and 5 by chlorine and bromine, respectively. It is used to test for the presence of an enzyme, alkaline phosphatase, which cleaves the phosphate group to give 5-bromo-4-chloroindoxyl, which immediately dimerises to give an intensely blue product. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aryl phosphate; indoles; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound | chromogenic compound |
| delphinidin Paraffin: A mixture of solid hydrocarbons obtained from petroleum. It has a wide range of uses including as a stiffening agent in ointments, as a lubricant, and as a topical anti-inflammatory. It is also commonly used as an embedding material in histology.. delphinidin chloride : An anthocyanidin chloride that has delphinidin as the cationic counterpart. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | anthocyanidin chloride | |
| 3-aminophenoxazone 3-aminophenoxazone: also inhibits sulfatase; structure | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | phenoxazine | |
| 4-nitrophenylglucuronide 4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucuronide : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 4-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; C-nitro compound | chromogenic compound |
| 4-methylumbelliferyl glucuronide 4-methylumbelliferone beta-D-glucuronide : A beta-D-glucosiduronic acid having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position. A hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor, it is anti-tumourigenic for various malignant tumours. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucosiduronic acid; coumarins; monosaccharide derivative | antineoplastic agent; chromogenic compound; hyaluronan synthesis inhibitor |
| 4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside 4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside: fluorogenic substrate; RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer. 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactoside having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; coumarins; monosaccharide derivative | chromogenic compound |
| isoluminol isoluminol: chemiluminescent label | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| nitrophenylgalactosides Nitrophenylgalactosides: Includes ortho-, meta-, and para-nitrophenylgalactosides.. 2-nitrophenyl beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactoside having a 2-nitrophenyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; C-nitro compound | chromogenic compound |
| fluorescein-di-beta-d-galactopyranoside fluorescein-digalactoside: RN refers to beta-D-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate [no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester | fluorochrome |
| 2-nitrophenylgalactoside 2-nitrophenylgalactoside: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| galactosyl-(1-3)galactose galactosyl-(1-3)galactose: RN given refers to (alpha-D)-isomer | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | O-acyl carbohydrate | |
| antibiotic g 418 antibiotic G 418: from Micromonospora rhodorangea | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| phenyl-d-galactopyranoside phenyl-D-galactopyranoside: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 4-methylumbelliferyl-6-sulfo-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucopyranoside 4-methylumbelliferyl-6-sulfo-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucopyranoside: used for diagnosis of B variants of GM2 gangliosidosis | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chlorophenol red galactopyranoside chlorophenol red galactopyranoside: a chromogenic substrate used for detection of beta-galactosidase in transfected mammalian cells | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | D-xylose | |
| angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V). | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II | human metabolite |
| epiglucan epiglucan: a highly side-chain/branched alkali-insoluble cell wall glucan from fungus such as Epicoccum nigrum, Botrytis cinerea, ascomycetes & basidiomycetes; also isolated S-4001 from Lei Wan (polyporus mylitiae), HA-beta-glucan from mushroom Pleutotus ostreatus (Fr.) Quel., and translam from seaweed Laminaria cichorioides; with commercially important functional properties including emulsification and friction reduction. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| laminaran beta-1,3-glucan: component of fungal cell walls; also used as antitumor polysaccharide; unspecified D usually means BETA-GLUCANS; beta-1,3-D-glucan is also available; glucan phosphate is also available; biosynthesis is inhibited by echinocandins (cyclic hexapeptides). laminarin : A polysaccharide composed of beta-(1->3)-linked glucose residues containing sporadic beta-(1->6)-linkages as branch points or inter-residue linkages and 2-3% D-mannitol at some reducing termini. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phalloidine Phalloidine: Very toxic polypeptide isolated mainly from AMANITA phalloides (Agaricaceae) or death cup; causes fatal liver, kidney and CNS damage in mushroom poisoning; used in the study of liver damage.. phalloidin : A homodetic bicyclic heptapeptide having a sulfide bridge. | 2 | 1 | 0 | homodetic cyclic peptide | |
| indican [no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; exopolysaccharide; indolyl carbohydrate | |
| cyclopamine [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | piperidines | glioma-associated oncogene inhibitor |
| betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
| tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 3.64 | 9 | 0 | retinoic acid; vitamin A | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule |
| retinol Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | retinol; vitamin A | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| afimoxifene afimoxifene : A tertiary amino compound that is tamoxifen in which the phenyl group which is in a Z- relationship to the ethyl substituent is hydroxylated at the para- position. It is the active metabolite of tamoxifen. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | phenols; tertiary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; estrogen receptor antagonist; metabolite |
| sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt | antacid; food anticaking agent |
| bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound | |
| glycosides [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| retinaldehyde Retinaldehyde: A diterpene derived from the carotenoid VITAMIN A which functions as the active component of the visual cycle. It is the prosthetic group of RHODOPSIN (i.e., covalently bonded to ROD OPSIN as 11-cis-retinal). When stimulated by visible light, rhodopsin transforms this cis-isomer of retinal to the trans-isomer (11-trans-retinal). This transformation straightens-out the bend of the retinal molecule and causes a change in the shape of rhodopsin triggering the visual process. A series of energy-requiring enzyme-catalyzed reactions convert the 11-trans-retinal back to the cis-isomer.. all-trans-retinal : A retinal in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | retinal; vitamin A | gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| isopropyl thiogalactoside Isopropyl Thiogalactoside: A non-metabolizable galactose analog that induces expression of the LAC OPERON.. isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside : An S-glycosyl compound consisting of beta-D-1-thiogalactose having an isopropyl group attached to the anomeric sulfur. | 3.73 | 10 | 0 | S-glycosyl compound | |
| tamoxifen [no description available] | 3.55 | 8 | 0 | stilbenoid; tertiary amino compound | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; EC 1.2.3.1 (aldehyde oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; estrogen antagonist; estrogen receptor antagonist; estrogen receptor modulator |
| 4-(2-di-n-propylaminoethyl)indole 4-(2-di-N-propylaminoethyl)indole: stimulates presynaptic dopamine autoreceptors; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| myelin basic protein Myelin Basic Protein: An abundant cytosolic protein that plays a critical role in the structure of multilamellar myelin. Myelin basic protein binds to the cytosolic sides of myelin cell membranes and causes a tight adhesion between opposing cell membranes. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dinoprost Dinoprost: A naturally occurring prostaglandin that has oxytocic, luteolytic, and abortifacient activities. Due to its vasocontractile properties, the compound has a variety of other biological actions.. prostaglandin F2alpha : A prostaglandins Falpha that is prosta-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15. It is a naturally occurring prostaglandin used to induce labor. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid; prostaglandins Falpha | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| 11-cis-retinal Rhodopsin: A purplish-red, light-sensitive pigment found in RETINAL ROD CELLS of most vertebrates. It is a complex consisting of a molecule of ROD OPSIN and a molecule of 11-cis retinal (RETINALDEHYDE). Rhodopsin exhibits peak absorption wavelength at about 500 nm.. 11-cis-retinal : A retinal having 2E,4Z,6E,8E-double bond geometry. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | retinal | chromophore; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| hymecromone Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | antineoplastic agent; hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor |
| retrorsine retrorsine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | macrolide | |
| al 8810 AL 8810: a prostaglandin F(2alpha) receptor antagonist; structure in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid | |
| lysophosphatidic acid lysophosphatidic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate : A 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate having oleoyl as the 1-O-acyl group.. lysophosphatidic acid : A member of the class of lysophosphatidic acids obtained by hydrolytic removal of one of the two acyl groups of any phosphatidic acid. A 'closed' class. | 2.99 | 1 | 0 | 1-acyl-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate | |
| cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
| carbocyanines Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | cyanine dye; organic iodide salt | fluorochrome |
| hygromycin a hygromycin A: a cinnamide derivative produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus; structure differs from HYGROMYCIN B | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | metabolite |
| 9-cis-retinal 9-cis-retinal : A retinal in which the double bond at position 9 has cis configuration, whilst the remaining acyclic double bonds have trans configuration. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | retinal | |
| g(m2) ganglioside G(M2) Ganglioside: A glycosphingolipid that accumulates due to a deficiency of hexosaminidase A or B (BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES), or GM2 activator protein, resulting in GANGLIOSIDOSES, heredity metabolic disorders that include TAY-SACHS DISEASE and SANDHOFF DISEASE.. ganglioside GM2 (18:0) : A sialotriaosylceramide that is N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group on the sphingosine nitrogen is octadecanoyl. A constituent of natural ganglioside GM2. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine; sialotriaosylceramide | antigen |
| oligonucleotides [no description available] | 2.97 | 4 | 0 | ||
| apidaecin ib apidaecin: isolated from lymph fluid of honeybee; amino acid sequence given in first source; not antibiotic, since it does not come from microorganism | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lucifer yellow lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | organic lithium salt | fluorochrome |
| chitosan [no description available] | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| chiniofon Hydroxyquinolines: The 8-hydroxy derivatives inhibit various enzymes and their halogenated derivatives, though neurotoxic, are used as topical anti-infective agents, among other uses. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| hygromycin b [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| tetracycline Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria. | 2.75 | 3 | 0 | ||
| epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins. | 3.42 | 7 | 0 | ||
| agar Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | ||
| folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient |
| ganciclovir [no description available] | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | 2-aminopurines; oxopurine | antiinfective agent; antiviral drug |
| diazeniumdiolate diazeniumdiolate: a class of nitric oxide (NO) donors; structure in first source. 1,1-diethyl-2-hydroxy-3-oxotriazane : A nitroso compound that is triazane in which the the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by two ethyl groups, that at position 2 is substituted by a hydroxy group, and that at position 3 is substituted by an oxo group. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| trypan blue Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid). | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| alcian blue Alcian Blue: A copper-containing dye used as a gelling agent for lubricants, for staining of bacteria and for the dyeing of histiocytes and fibroblasts in vivo. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Encephalitis, Polio [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Poliomyelitis An acute infectious disease of humans, particularly children, caused by any of three serotypes of human poliovirus (POLIOVIRUS). Usually the infection is limited to the gastrointestinal tract and nasopharynx, and is often asymptomatic. The central nervous system, primarily the spinal cord, may be affected, leading to rapidly progressive paralysis, coarse FASCICULATION and hyporeflexia. Motor neurons are primarily affected. Encephalitis may also occur. The virus replicates in the nervous system, and may cause significant neuronal loss, most notably in the spinal cord. A rare related condition, nonpoliovirus poliomyelitis, may result from infections with nonpoliovirus enteroviruses. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp764-5) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Anemia, Fanconi [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 5.18 | 18 | 0 |
| Cranial Nerve VII Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Genetic Predisposition [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Deaf Mutism [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Anosmic Hypogonadism [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Deafness A general term for the complete loss of the ability to hear from both ears. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Kallmann Syndrome A genetically heterogeneous disorder caused by hypothalamic GNRH deficiency and OLFACTORY NERVE defects. It is characterized by congenital HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM and ANOSMIA, possibly with additional midline defects. It can be transmitted as an X-linked (GENETIC DISEASES, X-LINKED), an autosomal dominant, or an autosomal recessive trait. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Bladder Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Cleft Palate, Isolated [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Cleft Palate Congenital fissure of the soft and/or hard palate, due to faulty fusion. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Atherogenesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Vascular Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Neointima The new and thickened layer of scar tissue that forms on a PROSTHESIS, or as a result of vessel injury especially following ANGIOPLASTY or stent placement. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Glycine Encephalopathy [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Acrania [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Neural Tube Defects Congenital malformations of the central nervous system and adjacent structures related to defective neural tube closure during the first trimester of pregnancy generally occurring between days 18-29 of gestation. Ectodermal and mesodermal malformations (mainly involving the skull and vertebrae) may occur as a result of defects of neural tube closure. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, pp31-41) | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Absence of Corpus Callosum [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Amelogenesis Imperfecta A clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of hereditary conditions characterized by malformed DENTAL ENAMEL, usually involving DENTAL ENAMEL HYPOPLASIA and/or TOOTH HYPOMINERALIZATION. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.95 | 4 | 0 |
| Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 2.95 | 4 | 0 |
| Brain Infarction Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Allodynia [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Ache [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Respiratory Tract Diseases Diseases involving the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytomegalovirus A genus of the family HERPESVIRIDAE, subfamily BETAHERPESVIRINAE, infecting the salivary glands, liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs, in which they produce characteristically enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusions. Infection with Cytomegalovirus is also seen as an opportunistic infection in AIDS. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Christmas Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemophilia B A deficiency of blood coagulation factor IX inherited as an X-linked disorder. (Also known as Christmas Disease, after the first patient studied in detail, not the holy day.) Historical and clinical features resemble those in classic hemophilia (HEMOPHILIA A), but patients present with fewer symptoms. Severity of bleeding is usually similar in members of a single family. Many patients are asymptomatic until the hemostatic system is stressed by surgery or trauma. Treatment is similar to that for hemophilia A. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1008) | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed). | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 4.09 | 15 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 2.94 | 4 | 0 |
| Endocardial Cushion Defect [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Endocardial Cushion Defects A spectrum of septal defects involving the ATRIAL SEPTUM; VENTRICULAR SEPTUM; and the atrioventricular valves (TRICUSPID VALVE; BICUSPID VALVE). These defects are due to incomplete growth and fusion of the ENDOCARDIAL CUSHIONS which are important in the formation of two atrioventricular canals, site of future atrioventricular valves. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Double Tooth [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Cerebellar Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Arachnoidal Cerebellar Sarcoma, Circumscribed [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Medulloblastoma A malignant neoplasm that may be classified either as a glioma or as a primitive neuroectodermal tumor of childhood (see NEUROECTODERMAL TUMOR, PRIMITIVE). The tumor occurs most frequently in the first decade of life with the most typical location being the cerebellar vermis. Histologic features include a high degree of cellularity, frequent mitotic figures, and a tendency for the cells to organize into sheets or form rosettes. Medulloblastoma have a high propensity to spread throughout the craniospinal intradural axis. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2060-1) | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 4.2 | 6 | 0 |
| Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Disease, Ischemic [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Myocardial Ischemia A disorder of cardiac function caused by insufficient blood flow to the muscle tissue of the heart. The decreased blood flow may be due to narrowing of the coronary arteries (CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE), to obstruction by a thrombus (CORONARY THROMBOSIS), or less commonly, to diffuse narrowing of arterioles and other small vessels within the heart. Severe interruption of the blood supply to the myocardial tissue may result in necrosis of cardiac muscle (MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION). | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Diathesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Iritis Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenitis, Salivary Gland [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Vaccinia The cutaneous and occasional systemic reactions associated with vaccination using smallpox (variola) vaccine. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Angiospasm, Intracranial [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemorrhage, Subarachnoid [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Bleeding into the intracranial or spinal SUBARACHNOID SPACE, most resulting from INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM rupture. It can occur after traumatic injuries (SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC). Clinical features include HEADACHE; NAUSEA; VOMITING, nuchal rigidity, variable neurological deficits and reduced mental status. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Vasospasm, Intracranial Constriction of arteries in the SKULL due to sudden, sharp, and often persistent smooth muscle contraction in blood vessels. Intracranial vasospasm results in reduced vessel lumen caliber, restricted blood flow to the brain, and BRAIN ISCHEMIA that may lead to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HYPOXIA-ISCHEMIA, BRAIN). | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Salmonella [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 3.61 | 9 | 0 |
| Malignant Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis Thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES of all sizes. There are many forms classified by the types of lesions and arteries involved, such as ATHEROSCLEROSIS with fatty lesions in the ARTERIAL INTIMA of medium and large muscular arteries. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatic Failure [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Failure Severe inability of the LIVER to perform its normal metabolic functions, as evidenced by severe JAUNDICE and abnormal serum levels of AMMONIA; BILIRUBIN; ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; LACTATE DEHYDROGENASES; and albumin/globulin ratio. (Blakiston's Gould Medical Dictionary, 4th ed) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Cranial Nerve II Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested. | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Drug-Induced Congenital abnormalities caused by medicinal substances or drugs of abuse given to or taken by the mother, or to which she is inadvertently exposed during the manufacture of such substances. The concept excludes abnormalities resulting from exposure to non-medicinal chemicals in the environment. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Corneal Diseases Diseases of the cornea. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Absent Iris [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Aniridia A congenital abnormality in which there is only a rudimentary iris. This is due to the failure of the optic cup to grow. Aniridia also occurs in a hereditary form, usually autosomal dominant. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cytomegalovirus Infections Infection with CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, characterized by enlarged cells bearing intranuclear inclusions. Infection may be in almost any organ, but the salivary glands are the most common site in children, as are the lungs in adults. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Hepatoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Sensation Disorders Disorders of the special senses (i.e., VISION; HEARING; TASTE; and SMELL) or somatosensory system (i.e., afferent components of the PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM). | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction. | 0 | 2.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Cyanosis A bluish or purplish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to an increase in the amount of deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood or a structural defect in the hemoglobin molecule. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormality, Heart [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Heart Defects, Congenital Developmental abnormalities involving structures of the heart. These defects are present at birth but may be discovered later in life. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertrophy General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA). | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Becker Muscular Dystrophy [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne An X-linked recessive muscle disease caused by an inability to synthesize DYSTROPHIN, which is involved with maintaining the integrity of the sarcolemma. Muscle fibers undergo a process that features degeneration and regeneration. Clinical manifestations include proximal weakness in the first few years of life, pseudohypertrophy, cardiomyopathy (see MYOCARDIAL DISEASES), and an increased incidence of impaired mentation. Becker muscular dystrophy is a closely related condition featuring a later onset of disease (usually adolescence) and a slowly progressive course. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1415) | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 3.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma, Grade IV [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Glioblastoma A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Retinal Degeneration A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304) | 0 | 2.69 | 3 | 0 |
| Infections, Lentivirus [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Akinetic-Rigid Variant of Huntington Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Huntington Disease A familial disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait and characterized by the onset of progressive CHOREA and DEMENTIA in the fourth or fifth decade of life. Common initial manifestations include paranoia; poor impulse control; DEPRESSION; HALLUCINATIONS; and DELUSIONS. Eventually intellectual impairment; loss of fine motor control; ATHETOSIS; and diffuse chorea involving axial and limb musculature develops, leading to a vegetative state within 10-15 years of disease onset. The juvenile variant has a more fulminant course including SEIZURES; ATAXIA; dementia; and chorea. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1060-4) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Spinal Diseases Diseases involving the SPINE. | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoma, beta-Cell [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Insulinoma A benign tumor of the PANCREATIC BETA CELLS. Insulinoma secretes excess INSULIN resulting in HYPOGLYCEMIA. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Alactasia [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Lactose Intolerance The condition resulting from the absence or deficiency of LACTASE in the MUCOSA cells of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, and the inability to break down LACTOSE in milk for ABSORPTION. Bacterial fermentation of the unabsorbed lactose leads to symptoms that range from a mild indigestion (DYSPEPSIA) to severe DIARRHEA. Lactose intolerance may be an inborn error or acquired. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcohol Abuse, Nervous System [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Craniofacial Abnormalities Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or other abnormalities of the cranium and facial bones. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin A [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Vitamin A Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN A in the diet, characterized by NIGHT BLINDNESS and other ocular manifestations such as dryness of the conjunctiva and later of the cornea (XEROPHTHALMIA). Vitamin A deficiency is a very common problem worldwide, particularly in developing countries as a consequence of famine or shortages of vitamin A-rich foods. In the United States it is found among the urban poor, the elderly, alcoholics, and patients with malabsorption. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1179) | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Congenital Myotonic Dystrophy [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Myotonic Dystrophy Neuromuscular disorder characterized by PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR ATROPHY; MYOTONIA, and various multisystem atrophies. Mild INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY may also occur. Abnormal TRINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT EXPANSION in the 3' UNTRANSLATED REGIONS of DMPK PROTEIN gene is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 1. DNA REPEAT EXPANSION of zinc finger protein-9 gene intron is associated with Myotonic Dystrophy 2. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenovirus Infections [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Embryopathies [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenoviridae Infections Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Alloxan Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Stomach [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Prostate [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Prostatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Retina [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Eye Cancer, Retinoblastoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinoblastoma A malignant tumor arising from the nuclear layer of the retina that is the most common primary tumor of the eye in children. The tumor tends to occur in early childhood or infancy and may be present at birth. The majority are sporadic, but the condition may be transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait. Histologic features include dense cellularity, small round polygonal cells, and areas of calcification and necrosis. An abnormal pupil reflex (leukokoria); NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; STRABISMUS; and visual loss represent common clinical characteristics of this condition. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2104) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Meningeal Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Angioblastic Meningioma [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningeal Neoplasms Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Acid Aspiration Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormal Deep Tendon Reflex [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Pneumonia, Aspiration A type of lung inflammation resulting from the aspiration of food, liquid, or gastric contents into the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Reflex, Abnormal An abnormal response to a stimulus applied to the sensory components of the nervous system. This may take the form of increased, decreased, or absent reflexes. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Head [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Head and Neck Neoplasms Soft tissue tumors or cancer arising from the mucosal surfaces of the LIP; oral cavity; PHARYNX; LARYNX; and cervical esophagus. Other sites included are the NOSE and PARANASAL SINUSES; SALIVARY GLANDS; THYROID GLAND and PARATHYROID GLANDS; and MELANOMA and non-melanoma skin cancers of the head and neck. (from Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 4th ed, p1651) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Recrudescence [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Arterial Diseases, Carotid [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cataract, Membranous [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cataract Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Skin [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathy, Congestive [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathy, Dilated A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease that is characterized by ventricular dilation, VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, and HEART FAILURE. Risk factors include SMOKING; ALCOHOL DRINKING; HYPERTENSION; INFECTION; PREGNANCY; and mutations in the LMNA gene encoding LAMIN TYPE A, a NUCLEAR LAMINA protein. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Lewis Lung A carcinoma discovered by Dr. Margaret R. Lewis of the Wistar Institute in 1951. This tumor originated spontaneously as a carcinoma of the lung of a C57BL mouse. The tumor does not appear to be grossly hemorrhagic and the majority of the tumor tissue is a semifirm homogeneous mass. (From Cancer Chemother Rep 2 1972 Nov;(3)1:325) It is also called 3LL and LLC and is used as a transplantable malignancy. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Halitosis An offensive, foul breath odor resulting from a variety of causes such as poor oral hygiene, dental or oral infections, or the ingestion of certain foods. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Minimal Disease, Residual [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Ganglioside Storage Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Eccentro-Osteochondrodysplasia [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Cherry Red Spot Myoclonus Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Gangliosidoses A group of autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorders marked by the accumulation of GANGLIOSIDES. They are caused by impaired enzymes or defective cofactors required for normal ganglioside degradation in the LYSOSOMES. Gangliosidoses are classified by the specific ganglioside accumulated in the defective degradation pathway. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Mucopolysaccharidosis IV Genetic disorder of mucopolysaccharide metabolism characterized by skeletal abnormalities, joint instability, development of cervical myelopathy, and excessive urinary keratan sulfate. There are two biochemically distinct forms, each due to a deficiency of a different enzyme. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |