globotriaosylceramide: receptor for Shigella [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide : A glycotriaosylceramide having alpha-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl component attached to the primary hydroxy function of a ceramide with undefined sphingoid base. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 66616222 |
| CHEBI ID | 18313 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 182663 |
| MeSH ID | M0070209 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| globotriaosylceramide |
| trihexosylceramide |
| gal-alpha1->4laccer |
| d-galactosyl-1,4-d-galactosyl-1,4-d-glucosylceramide |
| alpha-d-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-d-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-d-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide |
| globotriosylceramide |
| gal-alpha1->4gal-beta1->4glc-beta1->1'cer |
| CHEBI:18313 , |
| alpha-d-galp-(1->4)-beta-d-galp-(1->4)-beta-d-glcp-(1<->1')-cer |
| alpha-d-gal-(1->4)-beta-d-gal-(1->4)-beta-d-glc-(1<->1')-cer |
| cd77 antigen |
| p(k) antigen |
| gb3 globotriaosylceramide |
| burkitt's lymphoma antigen, bla-cd77 |
| ganglioside ga3, o-alpha-d-galactopyranosyl-(1-4b)- |
| gal-1-4-gal-1-4-glc-cer |
| galactosyl(alpha1-4)galactosyl(beta1-4)glucosylceramide |
| shiga toxin receptor |
| gb3cer |
| globotriasoyl ceramide |
| vt2 receptor |
| slt-ii receptor |
| bla-cd77 |
| alpha-d-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-d-galactosyl-(1->4)-d-glucosyl-(1<->1)-ceramide |
| EPITOPE ID:153757 |
| burkitt's lymphoma antigen |
| SCHEMBL182663 |
| Q45435675 |
Globotriaosylceramide (Gb3) is a glycosphingolipid present in the plasma membrane that is the natural receptor of the bacterial Shiga toxin. It is a cell surface-expressed natural resistance factor for HIV infection, but, its expression in human T-cells remains unknown.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)) has been measured in urine of 35 male hemizygotes and 66 female heterozygotes for Fabry disease (FD). " | ( [Contribution of the measurement of globotriaosylceramide in urine to the diagnosis and follow-up of Fabry disease]. Froissart, R; Maire, I; Piraud, M, 2010) | 2.08 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Only the galactose blocked in alpha configuration provided a fine inhibition of 38-13 binding on BL Ramos cells and both alpha and beta-galactose allowed us to establish a clear distinction between the pathway entry of 38-13 IT in BL and non-BL cells; in close correlation with the 38-13 binding specificity the 38-13 IT cytotoxic effect in Ramos BL cells could also be prevented by alpha-Gal only, suggesting that this toxic action is probably mediated through the IT binding to Gb3 antigenic sites." | ( Comparison of inhibitory effect of galactose analogs on the binding and cytotoxicity of an anti-globotriaosylceramide monoclonal antibody coupled or not coupled to pokeweed antiviral protein. Junqua, S; Le Pecq, JB; Mishal, Z; Wils, P, 1987) | 0.49 |
| "Porcine and bovine aortic endothelial cells and human colonic adenocarcinoma cells were compared for their susceptibility to the toxic effect of purified Shiga-like toxin IIe (SLT-IIe), measured by the neutral red cytotoxicity assay." | ( Comparative cytotoxicity of purified Shiga-like toxin-IIe on porcine and bovine aortic endothelial and human colonic adenocarcinoma cells. Boyd, B; Clarke, RC; Durette, A; Gyles, CL; Lingwood, C; MacLeod, DL; Valdivieso-Garcia, A, 1996) | 0.29 |
| " This reduction in receptor binding corresponded to a 10(5)-fold reduction in the toxic activity of VT1 on a Vero cell monolayer." | ( Toxicity and immunogenicity of a verotoxin 1 mutant with reduced globotriaosylceramide receptor binding in rabbits. Bast, DJ; Brunton, JL; Karmali, MA; Richardson, SE, 1997) | 0.53 |
| "Proximal tubules were extremely sensitive to the cytotoxic effect of Stx-1 with an LD50 at least equal to, if not less than, that seen with Vero cells." | ( Cytotoxic effect of Shiga toxin-1 on human proximal tubule cells. Hughes, AK; Kohan, DE; Stricklett, PK, 1998) | 0.3 |
| " We found that while the site 1 and 2 mutants were modestly (two- to sevenfold) reduced in their ability to cause disease in BALB/c mice, the site 3 mutant, W34A, was as toxic as VT1." | ( Mouse toxicity and cytokine release by verotoxin 1 B subunit mutants. Brunton, JL; Soltyk, AM; Wolski, VM, 2001) | 0.31 |
| " The incidence of most treatment-related adverse events was similar in the two groups, with the exception of mild-to-moderate infusion reactions (i." | ( Safety and efficacy of recombinant human alpha-galactosidase A replacement therapy in Fabry's disease. Caplan, L; Desnick, RJ; Eng, CM; Germain, DP; Guffon, N; Lee, P; Linthorst, GE; Waldek, S; Wilcox, WR, 2001) | 0.31 |
| " Agalsidase beta was generally well tolerated; most treatment-related adverse events were mild or moderate infusion-associated reactions involving rigors, fever, or rhinitis." | ( Safety and efficacy of enzyme replacement therapy with agalsidase beta: an international, open-label study in pediatric patients with Fabry disease. Germain, DP; Guffon, N; Lien, YH; Tsimaratos, M; Tylki-Szymanska, A; Vellodi, A; Wraith, JE, 2008) | 0.35 |
| " The main aim was to evaluate the effects of Stx2 on EVT in order to understand the possible adverse effects that the toxin may have on trophoblast cells during early pregnancy." | ( Cytotoxic effects of Shiga toxin-2 on human extravillous trophoblast cell lines. Amaral, MM; Damiano, AE; Ibarra, C; Reppetti, J; Sacerdoti, F; Scalise, ML, 2019) | 0.51 |
| " Safety and efficacy evaluations included adverse drug reactions (ADRs), infusion-associated reactions and hypersensitivity reactions, and change in blood GL-3 level over time." | ( Long-term safety and efficacy of agalsidase beta in Japanese patients with Fabry disease: aggregate data from two post-authorization safety studies. Hokugo, J; Suzuki, S; Tsurumi, M; Ueda, K, 2021) | 0.62 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Thus, a functional interplay between membrane Gb3 and MDR1 provides a more physiologically based approach to MDR1 regulation to increase the bioavailability of chemotherapeutic drugs." | ( Inhibition of multidrug resistance by adamantylgb3, a globotriaosylceramide analog. Ackerley, C; Clarke, DM; De Rosa, MF; Ito, S; Lingwood, C; Wang, B, 2008) | 0.59 |
| " Recent studies in the alpha-galactosidase A-knockout mouse suggested that a decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability may play a role in the abnormal thrombosis, atherogenesis, and vasorelaxation that are characteristic of these mice." | ( Decreased nitric oxide bioavailability in a mouse model of Fabry disease. Byun, J; Kollmeyer, J; Park, JL; Pennathur, S; Shayman, JA; Shu, L, 2009) | 0.35 |
| " These profound alterations in eNOS bioavailability at 8 mo of age were observed in parallel with high levels of 3-nitrotyrosine, suggesting increased reactive oxygen species along with eNOS uncoupling in this vascular bed." | ( Endothelial nitric oxide synthase uncoupling and microvascular dysfunction in the mesentery of mice deficient in α-galactosidase A. Bodary, PF; Kang, JJ; Park, JL; Shayman, JA; Shu, L, 2014) | 0.4 |
| " Lucerastat is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) that is in late stage clinical development for Fabry disease." | ( Glucosylceramide synthase inhibition with lucerastat lowers globotriaosylceramide and lysosome staining in cultured fibroblasts from Fabry patients with different mutation types. Garzotti, M; Groenen, PMA; Morand, O; Mühlemann, A; Probst, MR; Rickert, V; Üçeyler, N; Welford, RWD, 2018) | 0.72 |
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " However, the use of the anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone and multiple dosing increased alpha-galactosidase A expression and resulted in significant reductions of GL-3 in all the organs with the exception of the kidney." | ( Partial correction of the alpha-galactosidase A deficiency and reduction of glycolipid storage in Fabry mice using synthetic vectors. Cheng, SH; Desnick, RJ; Przybylska, M; Scheule, RK; Tousignant, JD; Wu, IH; Yew, NS; Zhao, H; Ziegler, RJ, 2004) | 0.32 |
| " There were dose-response relations in the efficacy of each PUFA." | ( Contribution of polyunsaturated fatty acids to Shiga toxin cytotoxicity in human renal tubular epithelium-derived cells. Sasaki, TK; Takita, T, 2006) | 0.33 |
| "Twenty-two FD patients (20 men and 2 women) receiving dialysis or who had a history of kidney transplantation were treated with agalsidase alfa in an open label setting using the same dosing regimen given to patients without ESRD (0." | ( Safety and pharmacokinetics of agalsidase alfa in patients with Fabry disease and end-stage renal disease. Barnett, N; Boyd, E; Crandall, K; Pastores, GM; Piersall, L; Whelan, A, 2007) | 0.34 |
| "The same dosing regimen of agalsidase alfa may be safely administered to FD patients with ESRD as given to those without ESRD." | ( Safety and pharmacokinetics of agalsidase alfa in patients with Fabry disease and end-stage renal disease. Barnett, N; Boyd, E; Crandall, K; Pastores, GM; Piersall, L; Whelan, A, 2007) | 0.34 |
| "This 10-week study was conducted to determine the pharmacokinetics of varying doses of agalsidase alfa and evaluate the effect of dose and dosing frequency on plasma Gb3 levels." | ( The pharmacology of multiple regimens of agalsidase alfa enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry disease. Bultas, J; Clarke, JT; Schiffmann, R; West, ML, 2007) | 0.34 |
| " However, because plasma Gb3 is not a validated surrogate of disease severity in Fabry disease, further clinical study will be required to determine the optimal dosing regimen for providing maximal clinical benefit." | ( The pharmacology of multiple regimens of agalsidase alfa enzyme replacement therapy for Fabry disease. Bultas, J; Clarke, JT; Schiffmann, R; West, ML, 2007) | 0.34 |
| " In summary, long-term enzyme replacement therapy in young patients can result in complete globotriaocylceramide clearance of mesangial and glomerular endothelial cells across all dosage regimens, and clearance of podocyte inclusions is dose-dependent." | ( Agalsidase benefits renal histology in young patients with Fabry disease. Bostad, L; Hirth, A; Houge, G; Larsen, KK; Svarstad, E; Tøndel, C; Vikse, BE, 2013) | 0.39 |
| "Two trials compared different dosing schedules of agalsidase alfa." | ( Enzyme replacement therapy for Anderson-Fabry disease. Barreto, FC; Barretti, P; Bazan, R; Camargo, SE; Carvalho, RP; El Dib, R; Gomaa, H, 2016) | 0.43 |
| Pathway | Proteins | Compounds |
|---|---|---|
| Degradation pathway of sphingolipids, including diseases | 9 | 3 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 40 (5.68) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 128 (18.18) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 262 (37.22) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 227 (32.24) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 47 (6.68) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (38.80) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 32 (4.37%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 89 (12.16%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 34 (4.64%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 1 (0.14%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 576 (78.69%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| carbamates [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | amino-acid anion | |
| formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 2 | 1 | 0 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | alditol; triol | algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent |
| palmitic acid Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | long-chain fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity. | 3.12 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates | anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent |
| verapamil Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether; nitrile; polyether; tertiary amino compound | |
| chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug |
| chlorpromazine Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organochlorine compound; phenothiazines; tertiary amine | anticoronaviral agent; antiemetic; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; phenothiazine antipsychotic drug |
| dipyridamole Dipyridamole: A phosphodiesterase inhibitor that blocks uptake and metabolism of adenosine by erythrocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Dipyridamole also potentiates the antiaggregating action of prostacyclin. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p752). dipyridamole : A pyrimidopyrimidine that is 2,2',2'',2'''-(pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-2,6-diyldinitrilo)tetraethanol substituted by piperidin-1-yl groups at positions 4 and 8 respectively. A vasodilator agent, it inhibits the formation of blood clots. | 3.12 | 1 | 0 | piperidines; pyrimidopyrimidine; tertiary amino compound; tetrol | adenosine phosphodiesterase inhibitor; EC 3.5.4.4 (adenosine deaminase) inhibitor; platelet aggregation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
| ether Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ether; volatile organic compound | inhalation anaesthetic; non-polar solvent; refrigerant |
| iohexol Iohexol: An effective non-ionic, water-soluble contrast agent which is used in myelography, arthrography, nephroangiography, arteriography, and other radiographic procedures. Its low systemic toxicity is the combined result of low chemotoxicity and low osmolality.. iohexol : A benzenedicarboxamide compound having N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)carbamoyl groups at the 1- and 3-positions, iodo substituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions and an N-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)acetamido group at the 5-position. | 5.85 | 2 | 2 | benzenedicarboxamide; organoiodine compound | environmental contaminant; radioopaque medium; xenobiotic |
| ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine | |
| meperidine Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester; piperidinecarboxylate ester; tertiary amino compound | antispasmodic drug; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic |
| ethylmaleimide Ethylmaleimide: A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | maleimides | anticoronaviral agent; EC 1.3.1.8 [acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADP(+))] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.1 (hexokinase) inhibitor |
| propidium Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | phenanthridines; quaternary ammonium ion | fluorochrome; intercalator |
| rolipram [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | pyrrolidin-2-ones | antidepressant; EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor |
| suramin Suramin: A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of African trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult Onchocerca. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p1643) It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties.. suramin : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which each of the amino groups has been substituted by a 3-({2-methyl-5-[(4,6,8-trisulfo-1-naphthyl)carbamoyl]phenyl}carbamoyl)phenyl group. An activator of both the rabbit skeletal muscle RyR1 and sheep cardiac RyR2 isoform ryanodine receptor channels, it has been used for the treatment of human African trypanosomiasis for over 100 years. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | naphthalenesulfonic acid; phenylureas; secondary carboxamide | angiogenesis inhibitor; antinematodal drug; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; GABA antagonist; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonist; purinergic receptor P2 antagonist; ryanodine receptor agonist; trypanocidal drug |
| prednisolone Prednisolone: A glucocorticoid with the general properties of the corticosteroids. It is the drug of choice for all conditions in which routine systemic corticosteroid therapy is indicated, except adrenal deficiency states.. prednisolone : A glucocorticoid that is prednisone in which the oxo group at position 11 has been reduced to the corresponding beta-hydroxy group. It is a drug metabolite of prednisone. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antineoplastic agent; drug metabolite; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; xenobiotic |
| glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 7.91 | 4 | 0 | D-galactose; galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
| tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| 1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phenylalanine Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; phenylalanine; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| egtazic acid Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | diether; tertiary amino compound; tetracarboxylic acid | chelator |
| histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| tryptophan Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tryptophan zwitterion; tryptophan | antidepressant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| acrylamide [no description available] | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | acrylamides; N-acylammonia; primary carboxamide | alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; Maillard reaction product; mutagen; neurotoxin |
| methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone: A PREDNISOLONE derivative with similar anti-inflammatory action.. 6alpha-methylprednisolone : The 6alpha-stereoisomer of 6-methylprednisolone. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | 6-methylprednisolone; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone | adrenergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug; antiemetic; environmental contaminant; neuroprotective agent; xenobiotic |
| quinuclidines Quinuclidines: A class of organic compounds which contain two rings that share a pair of bridgehead carbon atoms and contains an amine group. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | quinuclidines; saturated organic heterobicyclic parent | |
| catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | catechin | antioxidant; plant metabolite |
| adamantane Adamantane: A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon. | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | adamantanes; polycyclic alkane | |
| dihydrotestosterone Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 17beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid | androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
| 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea: structure. 1,1,3,3-tetramethylurea : A member of the class of ureas that is urea substituted by methyl groups at positions 1, 1, 3 and 3 respectively. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ureas | human metabolite |
| fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | fluorescein isothiocyanate | |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| zirconium Zirconium: A rather rare metallic element with atomic number 40, atomic weight 91.224, and symbol Zr. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | titanium group element atom | |
| acetylglucosamine Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-D-glucosamine | epitope |
| camptothecin NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | delta-lactone; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; quinoline alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; genotoxin; plant metabolite |
| deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | dihydrogen | |
| deuterium oxide Deuterium Oxide: The isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) It is used to study mechanisms and rates of chemical or nuclear reactions, as well as biological processes. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | deuterated compound; water | NMR solvent |
| vasotocin Vasotocin: A nonapeptide that contains the ring of OXYTOCIN and the side chain of ARG-VASOPRESSIN with the latter determining the specific recognition of hormone receptors. Vasotocin is the non-mammalian vasopressin-like hormone or antidiuretic hormone regulating water and salt metabolism.. vasotocin : A heterodetic cyclic peptide that is homologous to oxytocin and vasopressin. It is a pituitary hormone that acts as an endocrine regulator for water balance, osmotic homoeostasis and is involved in social and sexual behavior in non-mammalian vertebrates. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan: A benzofuran derivative used as a protein reagent since the terminal N-NBD-protein conjugate possesses interesting fluorescence and spectral properties. It has also been used as a covalent inhibitor of both beef heart mitochondrial ATPase and bacterial ATPase.. 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan : A benzoxadiazole that is 2,1,3-benzoxadiazole which is substituted at position 4 by chlorine and at position 7 by a nitro group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzoxadiazole; C-nitro compound; organochlorine compound | EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.1.3 (adenosinetriphosphatase) inhibitor; fluorescent probe; fluorochrome |
| rhamnose [no description available] | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | L-rhamnose | |
| ammonium chloride Ammonium Chloride: An acidifying agent that has expectorant and diuretic effects. Also used in etching and batteries and as a flux in electroplating.. ammonium chloride : An inorganic chloride having ammonium as the counterion. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ammonium salt; inorganic chloride | ferroptosis inhibitor |
| tetradecanoylphorbol acetate Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | acetate ester; diester; phorbol ester; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetradecanoate ester | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; mitogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase C agonist; reactive oxygen species generator |
| 1-deoxynojirimycin 1-deoxy-nojirimycin: structure in first source. duvoglustat : An optically active form of 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol having 2R,3R,4R,5S-configuration. | 11.88 | 24 | 5 | 2-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-3,4,5-triol; piperidine alkaloid | anti-HIV agent; anti-obesity agent; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite |
| 8-bromo cyclic adenosine monophosphate 8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate: A long-acting derivative of cyclic AMP. It is an activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase.. 8-Br-cAMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide that is 3',5'-cyclic AMP bearing an additional bromo substituent at position 8 on the adenine ring. An activator of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase, but resistant to degradation by cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; adenyl ribonucleotide; organobromine compound | antidepressant; protein kinase agonist |
| paclitaxel Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL). | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | taxane diterpenoid; tetracyclic diterpenoid | antineoplastic agent; human metabolite; metabolite; microtubule-stabilising agent |
| etoposide [no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound | antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor |
| 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine T1023: radioprotective NO-Synthase Inhibitor | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| colforsin Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | acetate ester; cyclic ketone; labdane diterpenoid; organic heterotricyclic compound; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone; triol | adenylate cyclase agonist; anti-HIV agent; antihypertensive agent; plant metabolite; platelet aggregation inhibitor; protein kinase A agonist |
| miglustat miglustat: a glucosylceramide synthase inhibitor. miglustat : A hydroxypiperidine that is deoxynojirimycin in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a butyl group. | 4.04 | 4 | 0 | piperidines; tertiary amino compound | anti-HIV agent; EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor |
| irinotecan [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | carbamate ester; delta-lactone; N-acylpiperidine; pyranoindolizinoquinoline; ring assembly; tertiary alcohol; tertiary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; prodrug |
| adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| 4-propionyloxy-4-phenyl-n-methylpiperidine 4-propionyloxy-4-phenyl-N-methylpiperidine: causes parkinsonism; structure in first source | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | ||
| isothiocyanic acid [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | hydracid; one-carbon compound | |
| epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite |
| 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thomsen-friedenreich antigen Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen: do not confuse with T antigens, which are viral | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 1,2-distearoyllecithin [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chimyl alcohol chimyl alcohol: RN given refers to cpd with specified locant & without isomeric designation; structure. 1-O-palmitylglycerol : An alkylglycerol that is glycerol carrying a single palmityl (hexadecyl) substituent at position 1. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | alkylglycerol | |
| 4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside 4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside: fluorogenic substrate; RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer. 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactoside having a 4-methylumbelliferyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside; coumarins; monosaccharide derivative | chromogenic compound |
| n-methyladenosine N-methyladenosine: is a inhibitor of cell differentiation. N(6)-methyladenosine : A methyladenosine compound with one methyl group attached to N(6) of the adenine nucleobase. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | methyladenosine | |
| 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-n,n,n',n'-tetraacetic acid 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid: structure in first source | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | chelator |
| paxilline paxilline: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (2R-(2alpha,4bbeta,6aalpha,12bbeta,12calpha,14abeta))-isomer. paxilline : An indole diterpene alkaloid with formula C27H33NO4 isolated from Penicillium paxilli. It is a potent inhibitor of large conductance Ca2(+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK)-type channels. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | diterpene alkaloid; enone; organic heterohexacyclic compound; terpenoid indole alkaloid; tertiary alcohol | anticonvulsant; Aspergillus metabolite; EC 3.6.3.8 (Ca(2+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; genotoxin; geroprotector; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; potassium channel blocker |
| deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-glyceryloctyl ether 1-glyceryloctyl ether: non-hydrolyzable substrate analog of lipase | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 1-phenyl-2-decanoylamino-3-morpholino-1-propanol RV 538: noninactivating inhibitor of ceramide-UDPG glucosyltransferase; RN given for unspecified HCl; structure given in first source | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | ||
| stichoposide stichoposide: triterpene glycoside; RN given refers to stichoposide A | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 4-o-alpha-d-galactopyranosyl-d-galactose 4-O-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-D-galactose: carbohydrate part of receptor on human uroepithelial cells; RN given refers to (alpha-D,D)-isomer | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | O-acyl carbohydrate | |
| phytosphingosine phytosphingosine: differ with an additional hydroxyl at C-4 & no double bond between C-4 & C-5 | 7.68 | 3 | 0 | amino alcohol; sphingoid; triol | mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| galactosyl-(1-3)galactose galactosyl-(1-3)galactose: RN given refers to (alpha-D)-isomer | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | O-acyl carbohydrate | |
| 6-o-galactopyranosylgalactose 6-O-galactopyranosylgalactose: RN refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | biotins; vitamin B7 | coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| migalastat migalastat: a potent inhibitor of glycolipid biosynthesis | 11.43 | 19 | 5 | piperidines | |
| sb 203580 [no description available] | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | imidazoles; monofluorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfoxide | EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent |
| glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2. | 3.14 | 1 | 0 | D-glucosamine | Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | tripeptide | |
| betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
| dactinomycin Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015) | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | actinomycin | mutagen |
| glycosides [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas | antioxidant; chromophore |
| fumonisin b1 fumonisin B1: isolated from Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting activity; inhibits ceramide synthase. fumonisin B1 : A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | diester; fumonisin; primary amino compound; triol | carcinogenic agent; metabolite |
| krn 7000 KRN 7000: has an alpha-galactosylceramide structure; structure given in first source. alpha-galactosylceramide : A galactosylceramide in which the galactosyl residue has alpha anomeric conofiguration.. 1-O-(alpha-D-galactosyl)-N-hexacosanoylphytosphingosine : A glycophytoceramide having an alpha-D-galactosyl residue at the O-1 position and a hexacosanoyl group attached to the nitrogen. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | glycophytoceramide; N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylphytosphingosine | allergen; antigen; antineoplastic agent; epitope; immunological adjuvant |
| alpha-chymotrypsin Chymotrypsin: A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| rhodamine 123 Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | organic cation; xanthene dye | fluorochrome |
| sphingosine sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4. | 8.24 | 6 | 0 | sphing-4-enine | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| psychosine [no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | glycosylsphingoid | human metabolite |
| leukotriene b4 Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid; leukotriene; long-chain fatty acid | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasoconstrictor agent |
| hymecromone Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | antineoplastic agent; hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor |
| daphnetin [no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | |
| 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylglycero-3-phosphoglycerol [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | phosphatidylglycerol | |
| sirolimus Sirolimus: A macrolide compound obtained from Streptomyces hygroscopicus that acts by selectively blocking the transcriptional activation of cytokines thereby inhibiting cytokine production. It is bioactive only when bound to IMMUNOPHILINS. Sirolimus is a potent immunosuppressant and possesses both antifungal and antineoplastic properties.. sirolimus : A macrolide lactam isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus consisting of a 29-membered ring containing 4 trans double bonds, three of which are conjugated. It is an antibiotic, immunosupressive and antineoplastic agent. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal drug; cyclic acetal; cyclic ketone; ether; macrolide lactam; organic heterotricyclic compound; secondary alcohol | antibacterial drug; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite; geroprotector; immunosuppressive agent; mTOR inhibitor |
| brefeldin a [no description available] | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | macrolide antibiotic | Penicillium metabolite |
| cytochalasin b Cytochalasin B: A cytotoxic member of the CYTOCHALASINS.. cytochalasin B : An organic heterotricyclic compound, that is a mycotoxin which is cell permeable an an inhibitor of cytoplasmic division by blocking the formation of contractile microfilaments. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | cytochalasin; lactam; lactone; organic heterotricyclic compound | actin polymerisation inhibitor; metabolite; mycotoxin; platelet aggregation inhibitor |
| 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | phosphatidylcholine(1+) | |
| su 11248 [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid amide; pyrroles | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.10.1 (receptor protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; neuroprotective agent; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist |
| dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl). | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine; phosphatidylcholine 28:0; tetradecanoate ester | antigen; mouse metabolite |
| isoglobotrihexosylceramide isoglobotrihexosylceramide: structure in first source. N-hexacosanoylisoglobotriaosyl ceramide : The N-hexacosanoyl derivative of isoglobotriaosyl ceramide. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | alpha-D-Galp-(1->3)-beta-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp-(1<->1')-Cer | antigen |
| bafilomycin a [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | ||
| selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. | 7.13 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
| 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | ||
| lactosyl lysosphingolipid lactosyl lysosphingolipid: inhibits functional responses of human neutrophils; structure given in first source | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| globotriaosyl lysosphingolipid globotriaosyl lysosphingolipid: structure given in first source | 10.61 | 27 | 3 | ||
| cdw17 antigen [no description available] | 3.08 | 5 | 0 | ||
| asialo gm1 ganglioside [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | ||
| i(3)so3-galactosylceramide Sulfoglycosphingolipids: GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS with a sulfate group esterified to one of the sugar groups.. 1-(3-O-sulfo-beta-D-galactosyl)-N-tetracosanoylsphingosine : A D-galactosyl-N-acylsphingosine having a sulfo group at the 3-position on the galactose ring and tetracosanoyl as the N-acyl group. | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | galactosylceramide sulfate; N-acyl-beta-D-galactosylsphingosine | |
| melibiose alpha-D-Galp-(1->6)-alpha-D-Glcp : A glycosylglucose consisting of alpha-D-galactopyranose and alpha-D-glucopyranose residues joined in sequence by a (1->6) glycosidic bond. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | glycosylglucose | |
| sq-23377 Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes. | 2 | 1 | 0 | cyclic ether; enol; polyunsaturated fatty acid; very long-chain fatty acid | calcium ionophore; metabolite |
| mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11). | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline | antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent |
| g(m2) ganglioside G(M2) Ganglioside: A glycosphingolipid that accumulates due to a deficiency of hexosaminidase A or B (BETA-N-ACETYLHEXOSAMINIDASES), or GM2 activator protein, resulting in GANGLIOSIDOSES, heredity metabolic disorders that include TAY-SACHS DISEASE and SANDHOFF DISEASE.. ganglioside GM2 (18:0) : A sialotriaosylceramide that is N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine in which the acyl group on the sphingosine nitrogen is octadecanoyl. A constituent of natural ganglioside GM2. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)-alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine; sialotriaosylceramide | antigen |
| g(m1) ganglioside G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.. ganglioside GM1 : A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-stearoylsphingosine via a beta-linkage. | 3.94 | 13 | 0 | alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine; sialotetraosylceramide | |
| alpha-synuclein alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection. | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | ||
| calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzoxazole | |
| sepharose agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages. | 7.39 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| melitten Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| neuropeptide y Neuropeptide Y: A 36-amino acid peptide present in many organs and in many sympathetic noradrenergic neurons. It has vasoconstrictor and natriuretic activity and regulates local blood flow, glandular secretion, and smooth muscle activity. The peptide also stimulates feeding and drinking behavior and influences secretion of pituitary hormones. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety. | 3.26 | 6 | 0 | 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine | |
| n-(7-(4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole))-6-aminocaproyl sphingosine N-(7-(4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole))-6-aminocaproyl sphingosine: fluorescent ceramide analog; structure given in first source. N-{6-[(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino]hexanoyl}sphingosine : An N-acylsphingosine that is sphingosine with the amino nitrogen converted into a 6-{[N-(7-nitrobenzo-2,1,3-oxadiazol-4-yl)amino]}hexananamido group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | N-acylsphingosine | fluorescent probe |
| eliglustat eliglustat: a potent inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthase. eliglustat : A carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of octanoic acid with the primary amino group of (1R,2R)-2-amino-1-(2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxin-6-yl)-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propan-1-ol. A ceramide glucosyltransferase inhibitor used (as its tartrate salt) for treatment of Gaucher's disease. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzodioxine; carboxamide; N-alkylpyrrolidine; secondary alcohol | EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor |
| phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate : A phosphatidylinositol monophosphate carrying the phosphate group at the 4-position. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ganglioside, gd1a [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glycolipids [no description available] | 12.08 | 90 | 3 | ||
| interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 3.53 | 8 | 0 | ||
| globotriose alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-alpha-D-Galp-(1->4)-beta-D-Glcp : A trisaccharide consisting of two alpha-D-galactose residues and a beta-D-glucose at the reducing end in a linear sequence and joined by (1->4) linkages. | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | trisaccharide | |
| eliglustat tartrate agalsidase beta: recombinant protein for treatment of Fabry disease. eliglustat tartrate : A tartrate that is the hemitartrate salt of eliglustat. A ceramide glucosyltransferase inhibitor used (as its tartrate salt) for treatment of Gaucher's disease. | 13.22 | 34 | 8 | tartrate salt | EC 2.4.1.80 (ceramide glucosyltransferase) inhibitor |
| warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group. | 2 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone | |
| epidermal growth factor Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ganglioside gm1alpha [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ||
| g(m3) ganglioside G(M3) Ganglioside: A ganglioside present in abnormally large amounts in the brain and liver due to a deficient biosynthetic enzyme, G(M3):UDP-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. Deficiency of this enzyme prevents the formation of G(M2) ganglioside from G(M3) ganglioside and is the cause of an anabolic sphingolipidosis.. alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer(d18:1/24:1(15Z)) : A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide(d18:1/24:1(15Z)). | 2.9 | 4 | 0 | alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide; sialodiosylceramide; sialotriaosylceramide | mouse metabolite |
| benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | ||
| lewis x antigen Lewis X Antigen: A trisaccharide antigen expressed on glycolipids and many cell-surface glycoproteins. In the blood the antigen is found on the surface of NEUTROPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. In addition, Lewis X antigen is a stage-specific embryonic antigen. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | ||
| cyclosporine Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | ||
| apyrase Apyrase: A calcium-activated enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP to yield AMP and orthophosphate. It can also act on ADP and other nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. EC 3.6.1.5. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| ganglio-n-triaosylceramide ganglio-N-triaosylceramide: tumor associated marker for L5178 cells | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | ||
| forssman glycolipid Forssman glycolipid: structure | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| filipin Filipin: A complex of polyene antibiotics obtained from Streptomyces filipinensis. Filipin III alters membrane function by interfering with membrane sterols, inhibits mitochondrial respiration, and is proposed as an antifungal agent. Filipins I, II, and IV are less important. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| alpha-Galactosidase A Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 21 | 315 | 61 |
| Constriction, Pathological [description not available] | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Fabry Disease An X-linked inherited metabolic disease caused by a deficiency of lysosomal ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE A. It is characterized by intralysosomal accumulation of globotriaosylceramide and other GLYCOSPHINGOLIPIDS in blood vessels throughout the body leading to multi-system complications including renal, cardiac, cerebrovascular, and skin disorders. | 0 | 21 | 315 | 61 |
| Constriction, Pathologic The condition of an anatomical structure's being constricted beyond normal dimensions. | 0 | 3.23 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 5.7 | 13 | 0 |
| Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms. | 0 | 5.7 | 13 | 0 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 7.48 | 44 | 0 |
| Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 6.16 | 11 | 0 |
| E coli Infections [description not available] | 0 | 8.3 | 47 | 0 |
| Escherichia coli Infections Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI. | 0 | 8.3 | 47 | 0 |
| Colorectal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI. | 0 | 2.78 | 3 | 0 |
| Chronic Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 7.92 | 9 | 2 |
| Kidney Failure, Chronic The end-stage of CHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. It is characterized by the severe irreversible kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and the reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE to less than 15 ml per min (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002). These patients generally require HEMODIALYSIS or KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION. | 0 | 7.92 | 9 | 2 |
| Dysentery, Shiga bacillus [description not available] | 0 | 4.51 | 5 | 0 |
| Dysentery, Bacillary DYSENTERY caused by gram-negative rod-shaped enteric bacteria (ENTEROBACTERIACEAE), most often by the genus SHIGELLA. Shigella dysentery, Shigellosis, is classified into subgroups according to syndrome severity and the infectious species. Group A: SHIGELLA DYSENTERIAE (severest); Group B: SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; Group C: SHIGELLA BOYDII; and Group D: SHIGELLA SONNEI (mildest). | 0 | 4.51 | 5 | 0 |
| Cyst [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 1 | 0 |
| Ache [description not available] | 0 | 7.26 | 12 | 0 |
| Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS. | 0 | 7.26 | 12 | 0 |
| Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 6.08 | 5 | 2 |
| Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002) | 0 | 6.08 | 5 | 2 |
| Brain Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.75 | 3 | 0 |
| Gasser Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 8.37 | 51 | 0 |
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 6.89 | 14 | 0 |
| Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM. | 0 | 3.75 | 3 | 0 |
| Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome A syndrome that is associated with microvascular diseases of the KIDNEY, such as RENAL CORTICAL NECROSIS. It is characterized by hemolytic anemia (ANEMIA, HEMOLYTIC); THROMBOCYTOPENIA; and ACUTE RENAL FAILURE. | 0 | 13.37 | 51 | 0 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 11.89 | 14 | 0 |
| Cortical Lewy Body Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Lewy Body Disease A neurodegenerative disease characterized by dementia, mild parkinsonism, and fluctuations in attention and alertness. The neuropsychiatric manifestations tend to precede the onset of bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY, and other extrapyramidal signs. DELUSIONS and visual HALLUCINATIONS are relatively frequent in this condition. Histologic examination reveals LEWY BODIES in the CEREBRAL CORTEX and BRAIN STEM. SENILE PLAQUES and other pathologic features characteristic of ALZHEIMER DISEASE may also be present. (From Neurology 1997;48:376-380; Neurology 1996;47:1113-1124) | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Bacterial Infections, Gram-Positive [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that retain the crystal violet stain (positive) when treated by the gram-staining method. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Cervix [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Uterine Cervical Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERINE CERVIX. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Ischemic Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Malabsorption Syndromes General term for a group of MALNUTRITION syndromes caused by failure of normal INTESTINAL ABSORPTION of nutrients. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Familial Hypobetalipoproteinemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Ischemic Stroke Stroke due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA resulting in interruption or reduction of blood flow to a part of the brain. When obstruction is due to a BLOOD CLOT formed within in a cerebral blood vessel it is a thrombotic stroke. When obstruction is formed elsewhere and moved to block a cerebral blood vessel (see CEREBRAL EMBOLISM) it is referred to as embolic stroke. Wake-up stroke refers to ischemic stroke occurring during sleep while cryptogenic stroke refers to ischemic stroke of unknown origin. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypobetalipoproteinemias Conditions with abnormally low levels of BETA-LIPOPROTEINS (low density lipoproteins or LDL) in the blood. It is defined as LDL values equal to or less than the 5th percentile for the population. They include the autosomal dominant form involving mutation of the APOLIPOPROTEINS B gene, and the autosomal recessive form involving mutation of the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein. All are characterized by low LDL and dietary fat malabsorption. | 0 | 2.31 | 1 | 0 |
| Bovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 3.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Bacterial Zoonoses Bacterial infections that may be transmitted between non-human animals and HUMANS. | 0 | 3.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Affective Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cognitive Decline [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Anxiety Feelings or emotions of dread, apprehension, and impending disaster but not disabling as with ANXIETY DISORDERS. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Mood Disorders Those disorders that have a disturbance in mood as their predominant feature. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Cognitive Dysfunction Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Left Ventricular Hypertrophy [description not available] | 0 | 19.16 | 30 | 17 |
| Arrhythmia [description not available] | 0 | 10.82 | 12 | 9 |
| Cardiac Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 5.5 | 5 | 0 |
| Cardiac Hypertrophy Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix. | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction. | 0 | 10.82 | 12 | 9 |
| Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities. | 0 | 5.5 | 5 | 0 |
| Cardiomegaly Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES. | 0 | 3.34 | 2 | 0 |
| Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. | 0 | 9.42 | 23 | 1 |
| Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular Enlargement of the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart. This increase in ventricular mass is attributed to sustained abnormal pressure or volume loads and is a contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. | 0 | 14.16 | 30 | 17 |
| Allodynia [description not available] | 0 | 7.58 | 2 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM. | 0 | 4.45 | 3 | 0 |
| Lysosomal Enzyme Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.73 | 3 | 0 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Bacterial Meningitides [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Group A Strep Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Bacterial Bacterial infections of the leptomeninges and subarachnoid space, frequently involving the cerebral cortex, cranial nerves, cerebral blood vessels, spinal cord, and nerve roots. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Small Fiber Neuropathy Disorder of the peripheral nerves that primarily impair small nerve fibers. The affected small nerve fibers include myelinated A-delta fibers (see A FIBERS) and unmyelinated C FIBERS. Because these small fibers innervate skin and help control autonomic function, their neuropathy presents with neuropathic pain, reduced thermal and pain sensitivity, and autonomic dysfunction (e.g. abnormal sweating or facial flushing). Small fiber neuropathy can be idiopathic or associated with underlying diseases (e.g., AMYLOIDOSIS; DIABETES MELLITUS; SARCOIDOSIS; or VASCULITIS). | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Ventricular Dysfunction A condition in which HEART VENTRICLES exhibit impaired function. | 0 | 3.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Cirrhosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury. | 0 | 3.43 | 2 | 0 |
| Zoonoses Diseases of non-human animals that may be transmitted to HUMANS or may be transmitted from humans to non-human animals. | 0 | 3.09 | 1 | 0 |
| Diarrhea An increased liquidity or decreased consistency of FECES, such as running stool. Fecal consistency is related to the ratio of water-holding capacity of insoluble solids to total water, rather than the amount of water present. Diarrhea is not hyperdefecation or increased fecal weight. | 0 | 12.75 | 22 | 18 |
| Cochlear Hearing Loss [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Hearing Loss, Sensorineural Hearing loss resulting from damage to the COCHLEA and the sensorineural elements which lie internally beyond the oval and round windows. These elements include the AUDITORY NERVE and its connections in the BRAINSTEM. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 2.81 | 3 | 0 |
| Polyuria Urination of a large volume of urine with an increase in urinary frequency, commonly seen in diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS; DIABETES INSIPIDUS). | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Orphan Diseases Rare diseases that have not been well studied. | 0 | 3.09 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available] | 0 | 6.92 | 8 | 1 |
| Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS). | 0 | 6.92 | 8 | 1 |
| Granulocytic Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Myeloid Form of leukemia characterized by an uncontrolled proliferation of the myeloid lineage and their precursors (MYELOID PROGENITOR CELLS) in the bone marrow and other sites. | 0 | 2.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Disease Exacerbation [description not available] | 0 | 8.26 | 13 | 2 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 4.67 | 6 | 0 |
| Cancer of Stomach [description not available] | 0 | 2.76 | 3 | 0 |
| Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. | 0 | 2.76 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic Obstructive [description not available] | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
| Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic A form of CARDIAC MUSCLE disease, characterized by left and/or right ventricular hypertrophy (HYPERTROPHY, LEFT VENTRICULAR; HYPERTROPHY, RIGHT VENTRICULAR), frequent asymmetrical involvement of the HEART SEPTUM, and normal or reduced left ventricular volume. Risk factors include HYPERTENSION; AORTIC STENOSIS; and gene MUTATION; (FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY). | 0 | 2.79 | 3 | 0 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Failure [description not available] | 0 | 3.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions. | 0 | 3.65 | 3 | 0 |
| Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental A clinicopathological syndrome or diagnostic term for a type of glomerular injury that has multiple causes, primary or secondary. Clinical features include PROTEINURIA, reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE, and EDEMA. Kidney biopsy initially indicates focal segmental glomerular consolidation (hyalinosis) or scarring which can progress to globally sclerotic glomeruli leading to eventual KIDNEY FAILURE. | 0 | 3.42 | 2 | 0 |
| Nervous System Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.85 | 4 | 0 |
| Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle. | 0 | 3.85 | 4 | 0 |
| Nerve Pain [description not available] | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Angiokeratoma A vascular, horny neoplasm of the skin characterized by TELANGIECTASIS and secondary epithelial changes including acanthosis and hyperkeratosis. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuralgia Intense or aching pain that occurs along the course or distribution of a peripheral or cranial nerve. | 0 | 2.51 | 2 | 0 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 3.39 | 7 | 0 |
| Libman-Sacks Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic A chronic, relapsing, inflammatory, and often febrile multisystemic disorder of connective tissue, characterized principally by involvement of the skin, joints, kidneys, and serosal membranes. It is of unknown etiology, but is thought to represent a failure of the regulatory mechanisms of the autoimmune system. The disease is marked by a wide range of system dysfunctions, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and the formation of LE cells in the blood or bone marrow. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| African Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 5.77 | 34 | 0 |
| Burkitt Lymphoma A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative. | 0 | 5.77 | 34 | 0 |
| Cognition Disorders Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Inflammation [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Encephalitis Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiac Failure [description not available] | 0 | 4.17 | 3 | 0 |
| Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. | 0 | 4.17 | 3 | 0 |
| Genetic Predisposition [description not available] | 0 | 4.09 | 5 | 0 |
| Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Abortion, Tubal [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Anoxemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Abortion, Spontaneous Expulsion of the product of FERTILIZATION before completing the term of GESTATION and without deliberate interference. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypoxia Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Hematuria Presence of blood in the urine. | 0 | 3.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Alport Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Fong Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Nephritis, Hereditary A group of inherited conditions characterized initially by HEMATURIA and slowly progressing to RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. The most common form is the Alport syndrome (hereditary nephritis with HEARING LOSS) which is caused by mutations in genes for TYPE IV COLLAGEN and defective GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE. | 0 | 3.5 | 1 | 1 |
| Malignant Mesothelioma [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Mesothelioma A tumor derived from mesothelial tissue (peritoneum, pleura, pericardium). It appears as broad sheets of cells, with some regions containing spindle-shaped, sarcoma-like cells and other regions showing adenomatous patterns. Pleural mesotheliomas have been linked to exposure to asbestos. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 7.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. | 0 | 4.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE. | 0 | 4.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 3.12 | 5 | 0 |
| Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 2.72 | 3 | 0 |
| Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy, Familial [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Liver [description not available] | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.7 | 3 | 0 |
| Weight Reduction [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Weight Loss Decrease in existing BODY WEIGHT. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Ataxia Impairment of the ability to perform smoothly coordinated voluntary movements. This condition may affect the limbs, trunk, eyes, pharynx, larynx, and other structures. Ataxia may result from impaired sensory or motor function. Sensory ataxia may result from posterior column injury or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES. Motor ataxia may be associated with CEREBELLAR DISEASES; CEREBRAL CORTEX diseases; THALAMIC DISEASES; BASAL GANGLIA DISEASES; injury to the RED NUCLEUS; and other conditions. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypesthesia Absent or reduced sensitivity to cutaneous stimulation. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Obstructive Lung Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Diseases, Obstructive Any disorder marked by obstruction of conducting airways of the lung. AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION may be acute, chronic, intermittent, or persistent. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| HIV Coinfection [description not available] | 0 | 4.92 | 8 | 0 |
| HIV Infections Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). | 0 | 4.92 | 8 | 0 |
| Apoplexy [description not available] | 0 | 3.89 | 4 | 0 |
| Cerebral Ischemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Vascular Diseases Pathological processes involving any of the BLOOD VESSELS in the cardiac or peripheral circulation. They include diseases of ARTERIES; VEINS; and rest of the vasculature system in the body. | 0 | 4.33 | 4 | 0 |
| Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810) | 0 | 3.89 | 4 | 0 |
| Chills The sudden sensation of being cold. It may be accompanied by SHIVERING. | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Pyrexia [description not available] | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Fever An abnormal elevation of body temperature, usually as a result of a pathologic process. | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 3.14 | 5 | 0 |
| Coronary Heart Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Coronary Disease An imbalance between myocardial functional requirements and the capacity of the CORONARY VESSELS to supply sufficient blood flow. It is a form of MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA (insufficient blood supply to the heart muscle) caused by a decreased capacity of the coronary vessels. | 0 | 2.71 | 3 | 0 |
| Enteritis Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Granuloma, Hodgkin [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Hodgkin Disease A malignant disease characterized by progressive enlargement of the lymph nodes, spleen, and general lymphoid tissue. In the classical variant, giant usually multinucleate Hodgkin's and REED-STERNBERG CELLS are present; in the nodular lymphocyte predominant variant, lymphocytic and histiocytic cells are seen. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA. | 0 | 3.61 | 3 | 0 |
| Encephalopathy, Toxic [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| AIDS Nephropathy [description not available] | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| AIDS-Associated Nephropathy Renal syndrome in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients characterized by nephrotic syndrome, severe proteinuria, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis with distinctive tubular and interstitial changes, enlarged kidneys, and peculiar tubuloreticular structures. The syndrome is distinct from heroin-associated nephropathy as well as other forms of kidney disease seen in HIV-infected patients. | 0 | 2.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Thrombotic Microangiopathies Diseases that result in THROMBOSIS in MICROVASCULATURE. The two most prominent diseases are PURPURA, THROMBOTIC THROMBOCYTOPENIC; and HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME. Multiple etiological factors include VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL CELL damage due to SHIGA TOXIN; FACTOR H deficiency; and aberrant VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR formation. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Swine Diseases Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Diseases Disorders that are characterized by the production of antibodies that react with host tissues or immune effector cells that are autoreactive to endogenous peptides. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Complications, Pregnancy [description not available] | 0 | 2.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Ascites Accumulation or retention of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS. | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Milk-Alkali Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypercalcemia Abnormally high level of calcium in the blood. | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Basilar Artery Insufficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.08 | 1 | 0 |
| Eye Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 3.83 | 2 | 0 |
| Eye Diseases Diseases affecting the eye. | 0 | 3.83 | 2 | 0 |
| Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura [description not available] | 0 | 3.32 | 2 | 0 |
| Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic An acquired, congenital, or familial disorder caused by PLATELET AGGREGATION with THROMBOSIS in terminal arterioles and capillaries. Clinical features include THROMBOCYTOPENIA; HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA; AZOTEMIA; FEVER; and thrombotic microangiopathy. The classical form also includes neurological symptoms and end-organ damage, such as RENAL FAILURE. Mutations in the ADAMTS13 PROTEIN gene have been identified in familial cases. | 0 | 3.32 | 2 | 0 |
| Diathesis [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Arterial Diseases, Carotid [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Clot [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Carotid Artery Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Anaplastic Astrocytoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Angioblastic Meningioma [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Astrocytoma Neoplasms of the brain and spinal cord derived from glial cells which vary from histologically benign forms to highly anaplastic and malignant tumors. Fibrillary astrocytomas are the most common type and may be classified in order of increasing malignancy (grades I through IV). In the first two decades of life, astrocytomas tend to originate in the cerebellar hemispheres; in adults, they most frequently arise in the cerebrum and frequently undergo malignant transformation. (From Devita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2013-7; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1082) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningioma A relatively common neoplasm of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that arises from arachnoidal cells. The majority are well differentiated vascular tumors which grow slowly and have a low potential to be invasive, although malignant subtypes occur. Meningiomas have a predilection to arise from the parasagittal region, cerebral convexity, sphenoidal ridge, olfactory groove, and SPINAL CANAL. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2056-7) | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 3.4 | 1 | 1 |
| Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 3.4 | 1 | 1 |
| Experimental Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Angiogenesis, Pathologic [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Auricular Fibrillation [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Mitral Incompetence [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Atrial Fibrillation Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Mitral Valve Insufficiency Backflow of blood from the LEFT VENTRICLE into the LEFT ATRIUM due to imperfect closure of the MITRAL VALVE. This can lead to mitral valve regurgitation. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Kidney [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Intermittent Claudication A symptom complex characterized by pain and weakness in SKELETAL MUSCLE group associated with exercise, such as leg pain and weakness brought on by walking. Such muscle limpness disappears after a brief rest and is often relates to arterial STENOSIS; muscle ISCHEMIA; and accumulation of LACTATE. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Coagulation Disorders, Blood [description not available] | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Blood Coagulation Disorders Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors such as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions. | 0 | 2.94 | 1 | 0 |
| Abnormalities, Cardiovascular [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Abnormalities Congenital, inherited, or acquired anomalies of the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM, including the HEART and BLOOD VESSELS. | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Autoimmune Diabetes [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 A subtype of DIABETES MELLITUS that is characterized by INSULIN deficiency. It is manifested by the sudden onset of severe HYPERGLYCEMIA, rapid progression to DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS, and DEATH unless treated with insulin. The disease may occur at any age, but is most common in childhood or adolescence. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Acid beta-Glucosidase Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 3.81 | 4 | 0 |
| Gaucher Disease An autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of acid beta-glucosidase (GLUCOSYLCERAMIDASE) leading to intralysosomal accumulation of glycosylceramide mainly in cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. The characteristic Gaucher cells, glycosphingolipid-filled HISTIOCYTES, displace normal cells in BONE MARROW and visceral organs causing skeletal deterioration, hepatosplenomegaly, and organ dysfunction. There are several subtypes based on the presence and severity of neurological involvement. | 0 | 3.81 | 4 | 0 |
| Ovine Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Ovary [description not available] | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS. | 0 | 2.44 | 2 | 0 |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Left Ventricular Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Ventricular Dysfunction, Left A condition in which the LEFT VENTRICLE of the heart was functionally impaired. This condition usually leads to HEART FAILURE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; and other cardiovascular complications. Diagnosis is made by measuring the diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the left ventricular wall. | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Behavior Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 2.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Eye Abnormalities Congenital absence of or defects in structures of the eye; may also be hereditary. | 0 | 2.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Cholera Infantum [description not available] | 0 | 4.08 | 3 | 0 |
| Dysesthesia [description not available] | 0 | 2.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Mental Disorders Psychiatric illness or diseases manifested by breakdowns in the adaptational process expressed primarily as abnormalities of thought, feeling, and behavior producing either distress or impairment of function. | 0 | 2.95 | 1 | 0 |
| HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2. | 0 | 2.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 9.72 | 10 | 9 |
| Nausea An unpleasant sensation in the stomach usually accompanied by the urge to vomit. Common causes are early pregnancy, sea and motion sickness, emotional stress, intense pain, food poisoning, and various enteroviruses. | 0 | 4.34 | 1 | 1 |
| Central Nervous System Disease [description not available] | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord. | 0 | 3.33 | 2 | 0 |
| Anhidrosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Peripheral Nerve Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Peripheral Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the peripheral nerves external to the brain and spinal cord, which includes diseases of the nerve roots, ganglia, plexi, autonomic nerves, sensory nerves, and motor nerves. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypertrophy General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA). | 0 | 3.43 | 1 | 1 |
| Kahler Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Experimental Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysembryoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Teratoma A true neoplasm composed of a number of different types of tissue, none of which is native to the area in which it occurs. It is composed of tissues that are derived from three germinal layers, the endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm. They are classified histologically as mature (benign) or immature (malignant). (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1642) | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Classic Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukodystrophy, Globoid Cell An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by a deficiency of GALACTOSYLCERAMIDASE leading to intralysosomal accumulation of galactolipids such as GALACTOSYLCERAMIDES and PSYCHOSINE. It is characterized by demyelination associated with large multinucleated globoid cells, predominantly involving the white matter of the central nervous system. The loss of MYELIN disrupts normal conduction of nerve impulses. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Hematochezia The passage of bright red blood from the rectum. The blood may or may not be mixed with formed stool in the form of blood, blood clots, bloody stool or diarrhea. | 0 | 4.29 | 4 | 0 |
| Colitis Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER. | 0 | 2.68 | 3 | 0 |
| Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Bleeding in any segment of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT from ESOPHAGUS to RECTUM. | 0 | 4.29 | 4 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Intraepithelial [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Testis [description not available] | 0 | 2.89 | 4 | 0 |
| Carcinoma in Situ A lesion with cytological characteristics associated with invasive carcinoma but the tumor cells are confined to the epithelium of origin, without invasion of the basement membrane. | 0 | 6.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Testicular Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TESTIS. Germ cell tumors (GERMINOMA) of the testis constitute 95% of all testicular neoplasms. | 0 | 2.89 | 4 | 0 |
| ANS (Autonomic Nervous System) Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Viral An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, Minimal Change [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Hepatorenal Syndrome Functional KIDNEY FAILURE in patients with liver disease, usually LIVER CIRRHOSIS or portal hypertension (HYPERTENSION, PORTAL), and in the absence of intrinsic renal disease or kidney abnormality. It is characterized by intense renal vasculature constriction, reduced renal blood flow, OLIGURIA, and sodium retention. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephrosis, Lipoid A kidney disease with no or minimal histological glomerular changes on light microscopy and with no immune deposits. It is characterized by lipid accumulation in the epithelial cells of KIDNEY TUBULES and in the URINE. Patients usually show NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA with accompanying EDEMA. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Apolipoprotein B-100, Familial Defective [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Error [description not available] | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II A group of familial disorders characterized by elevated circulating cholesterol contained in either LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS alone or also in VERY-LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS (pre-beta lipoproteins). | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 0 |
| Disgerminoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Cancer, Embryonal [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysgerminoma A malignant ovarian neoplasm, thought to be derived from primordial germ cells of the sexually undifferentiated embryonic gonad. It is the counterpart of the classical seminoma of the testis, to which it is both grossly and histologically identical. Dysgerminomas comprise 16% of all germ cell tumors but are rare before the age of 10, although nearly 50% occur before the age of 20. They are generally considered of low-grade malignancy but may spread if the tumor extends through its capsule and involves lymph nodes or blood vessels. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1646) | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal Neoplasms composed of primordial GERM CELLS of embryonic GONADS or of elements of the germ layers of the EMBRYO, MAMMALIAN. The concept does not refer to neoplasms located in the gonads or present in an embryo or FETUS. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Sphingolipid Storage Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Edema Disease of Swine An acute disease of young pigs that is usually associated with weaning. It is characterized clinically by paresis and subcutaneous edema. | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| T-Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, T-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors representing malignant transformations of T-lymphocytes. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Leucocythaemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Germinoblastoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006) | 0 | 2.38 | 2 | 0 |
| Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue. | 0 | 2.67 | 3 | 0 |
| Berger Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Glomerulonephritis, IGA A chronic form of glomerulonephritis characterized by deposits of predominantly IMMUNOGLOBULIN A in the mesangial area (GLOMERULAR MESANGIUM). Deposits of COMPLEMENT C3 and IMMUNOGLOBULIN G are also often found. Clinical features may progress from asymptomatic HEMATURIA to END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Corpus Luteum Cyst [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells. | 0 | 6.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Ovarian Cysts General term for CYSTS and cystic diseases of the OVARY. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous An adenocarcinoma with a hard (Greek skirrhos, hard) structure owing to the formation of dense connective tissue in the stroma. (From Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| B Virus Infection [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Fibroma, Shope [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Brill-Symmers Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, Follicular Malignant lymphoma in which the lymphomatous cells are clustered into identifiable nodules within the LYMPH NODES. The nodules resemble to some extent the GERMINAL CENTER of lymph node follicles and most likely represent neoplastic proliferation of lymph node-derived follicular center B-LYMPHOCYTES. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, B-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Infections, Helicobacter [description not available] | 0 | 2.91 | 1 | 0 |
| Helicobacter Infections Infections with organisms of the genus HELICOBACTER, particularly, in humans, HELICOBACTER PYLORI. The clinical manifestations are focused in the stomach, usually the gastric mucosa and antrum, and the upper duodenum. This infection plays a major role in the pathogenesis of type B gastritis and peptic ulcer disease. | 0 | 2.91 | 1 | 0 |
| Malignant Melanoma [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445) | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| EBV Infections [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Complication, Postoperative [description not available] | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Postoperative Complications Pathologic processes that affect patients after a surgical procedure. They may or may not be related to the disease for which the surgery was done, and they may or may not be direct results of the surgery. | 0 | 2.41 | 2 | 0 |
| Epstein-Barr Virus Infections Infection with human herpesvirus 4 (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN); which may facilitate the development of various lymphoproliferative disorders. These include BURKITT LYMPHOMA (African type), INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS, and oral hairy leukoplakia (LEUKOPLAKIA, HAIRY). | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Niemann-Pick Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Niemann-Pick Diseases A group of autosomal recessive disorders in which harmful quantities of lipids accumulate in the viscera and the central nervous system. They can be caused by deficiencies of enzyme activities (SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE) or defects in intracellular transport, resulting in the accumulation of SPHINGOMYELINS and CHOLESTEROL. There are various subtypes based on their clinical and genetic differences. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypercoagulability [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Activated Protein C Resistance A hemostatic disorder characterized by a poor anticoagulant response to activated protein C (APC). The activated form of Factor V (Factor Va) is more slowly degraded by activated protein C. Factor V Leiden mutation (R506Q) is the most common cause of APC resistance. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Deep Vein Thrombosis [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Embolism, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Pulmonary Embolism Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Thrombophilia A disorder of HEMOSTASIS in which there is a tendency for the occurrence of THROMBOSIS. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Venous Thrombosis The formation or presence of a blood clot (THROMBUS) within a vein. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Glandular Fever [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Duncan Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Infectious Mononucleosis A common, acute infection usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally hepatomegaly with hepatitis. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoproliferative Disorders Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified. | 0 | 2.01 | 1 | 0 |
| Dominant Hereditary Sensory Neuropathy, Type III [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Dysautonomia, Familial An autosomal disorder of the peripheral and autonomic nervous systems limited to individuals of Ashkenazic Jewish descent. Clinical manifestations are present at birth and include diminished lacrimation, defective thermoregulation, orthostatic hypotension (HYPOTENSION, ORTHOSTATIC), fixed pupils, excessive SWEATING, loss of pain and temperature sensation, and absent reflexes. Pathologic features include reduced numbers of small diameter peripheral nerve fibers and autonomic ganglion neurons. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1348; Nat Genet 1993;4(2):160-4) | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Malignant lymphoma composed of large B lymphoid cells whose nuclear size can exceed normal macrophage nuclei, or more than twice the size of a normal lymphocyte. The pattern is predominantly diffuse. Most of these lymphomas represent the malignant counterpart of B-lymphocytes at midstage in the process of differentiation. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Cicatrization The formation of fibrous tissue in the place of normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. It includes scar tissue formation occurring in healing internal organs as well as in the skin after surface injuries. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Necrotizing Pyelonephritis [description not available] | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Cicatrix The fibrous tissue that replaces normal tissue during the process of WOUND HEALING. | 0 | 2.89 | 1 | 0 |
| Pyelonephritis Inflammation of the KIDNEY involving the renal parenchyma (the NEPHRONS); KIDNEY PELVIS; and KIDNEY CALICES. It is characterized by ABDOMINAL PAIN; FEVER; NAUSEA; VOMITING; and occasionally DIARRHEA. | 0 | 3.29 | 2 | 0 |
| Leukemia L 1210 [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Protein [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Amaurotic Familial Idiocy An outdated term for Tay-Sachs disease. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Tay-Sachs Disease An autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the onset in infancy of an exaggerated startle response, followed by paralysis, dementia, and blindness. It is caused by mutation in the alpha subunit of the HEXOSAMINIDASE A resulting in lipid-laden ganglion cells. It is also known as the B variant (with increased HEXOSAMINIDASE B but absence of hexosaminidase A) and is strongly associated with Ashkenazic Jewish ancestry. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Adrenal Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Pheochromocytoma, Extra-Adrenal [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Pheochromocytoma A usually benign, well-encapsulated, lobular, vascular tumor of chromaffin tissue of the ADRENAL MEDULLA or sympathetic paraganglia. The cardinal symptom, reflecting the increased secretion of EPINEPHRINE and NOREPINEPHRINE, is HYPERTENSION, which may be persistent or intermittent. During severe attacks, there may be HEADACHE; SWEATING, palpitation, apprehension, TREMOR; PALLOR or FLUSHING of the face, NAUSEA and VOMITING, pain in the CHEST and ABDOMEN, and paresthesias of the extremities. The incidence of malignancy is as low as 5% but the pathologic distinction between benign and malignant pheochromocytomas is not clear. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1298) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia L5178 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia of mice. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Lipidoses Conditions characterized by abnormal lipid deposition due to disturbance in lipid metabolism, such as hereditary diseases involving lysosomal enzymes required for lipid breakdown. They are classified either by the enzyme defect or by the type of lipid involved. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Adult Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Neuronal Ceroid-Lipofuscinoses A group of severe neurodegenerative diseases characterized by intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent wax-like lipid materials (CEROID; LIPOFUSCIN) in neurons. There are several subtypes based on mutations of the various genes, time of disease onset, and severity of the neurological defects such as progressive DEMENTIA; SEIZURES; and visual failure. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Leiomyosarcoma, Epithelioid [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of the Uterus [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Leiomyosarcoma A sarcoma containing large spindle cells of smooth muscle. Although it rarely occurs in soft tissue, it is common in the viscera. It is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of the gastrointestinal tract and uterus. The median age of patients is 60 years. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1865) | 0 | 6.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Uterine Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the UTERUS. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |