Page last updated: 2024-12-11

valerenic acid

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Description

valerenic acid: a saturated oplopanone type indene from Valeriana officinalis [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

valerenic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-methylprop-2-enoic acid which is substituted at position 3 by a 3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1H-inden-4-yl group. A bicyclic sesquiterpenoid constituent of the essential oil of the Valerian plant. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

FloraRankFlora DefinitionFamilyFamily Definition
Valerianagenus[no description available]CaprifoliaceaeA plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida.[MeSH]
Valeriana officinalisspeciesValeriana officinalis L. is the official species but others have similar compounds and effects.[MeSH]CaprifoliaceaeA plant family of the order Dipsacales, subclass Asteridae, class Magnoliopsida.[MeSH]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID6440940
CHEMBL ID1545045
CHEBI ID9921
SCHEMBL ID403082
SCHEMBL ID403083
MeSH IDM0112559

Synonyms (42)

Synonym
2-propenoic acid, 3-(2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-3,7-dimethyl-1h-inden-4-yl)-2-methyl-, (4s-(4alpha(e),7beta,7aalpha))-
NCGC00091912-01
valerenic acid
C09743
3569-10-6
valerian dry extract
(2e)-3-[(4s,7r,7ar)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1h-inden-4-yl]-2-methylacrylic acid
NCGC00091912-02
CHEMBL1545045
NCGC00257867-01
dtxsid8034089 ,
tox21_200313
dtxcid6014089
cas-3569-10-6
bdbm50341378
chebi:9921 ,
34ndb285pm ,
unii-34ndb285pm
(-)-valerenic acid
(2e)-3-[(4s,7r,7ar)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1h-inden-4-yl]-2-methylprop-2-enoic acid
valerenic acid [usp-rs]
(2e)-3-((4s,7r,7ar)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1h-inden-4-yl)-2-methylacrylic acid
valerenic acid (constituent of valerian) [dsc]
FEBNTWHYQKGEIQ-SUKRRCERSA-N
SCHEMBL403082
SCHEMBL403083
valerenicacid
(2e)-3-[(4s,7r,7ar)-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexadydro-3,7-dimethyl-1h-inden-4-yl]-2-methyl-2-propenoic acid
(e)-3-((4s,7r,7ar)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1h-inden-4-yl)-2-methylacrylic acid
AKOS024457400
mfcd00075694
valerenic acid, primary pharmaceutical reference standard
valerenic acid, analytical standard
valerenic acid, united states pharmacopeia (usp) reference standard
nardin
MS-23355
HY-103524
CS-0028025
2-propenoic acid,3-[(4s,7r,7ar)-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-3,7-dimethyl-1h-inden-4-yl]-2-methyl-, (2e)-
valerenic acid (constituent of valerian)
valerenic acid (usp-rs)
(2e)-3-((4s,7r,7ar)-3,7-dimethyl-2,4,5,6,7,7a-hexahydro-1h-inden-4-yl)-2-methylprop-2-enoic acid

Research Excerpts

Overview

Valerenic acid (VA) is a major chemical component of Valeriana extracts. VA is a β2/3 subunit-specific modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABAA) receptors inducing anxiolysis.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Valerenic acid (VA) is a major chemical component of Valeriana extracts."( Valerenic acid reduces anxiety-like behavior in young adult, female (C57BL/6J) mice.
Hoover, JE; Horton, BM; Ligocki, IY; Pinder, NE, 2024
)
3.61
"Valerenic acid (VA) is a β2/3 subunit-specific modulator of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABAA) receptors inducing anxiolysis. "( Esters of valerenic acid as potential prodrugs.
Haider, M; Hering, S; Hintersteiner, J; Jäger, W; Khom, S; Luger, D; Mihovilovic, MD; Reznicek, G; Schwarzer, C, 2014
)
2.25

Pharmacokinetics

The timing of the valerenic acid peak concentration is consistent with the standard dosage recommendation to take valerian 30 min to 2 h before bedtime. The elimination half-life (T(1/2) for valereNic acid was 1.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Assuming that valerenic acid serum concentrations correlate with the pharmacological activity of valerian, the timing of the valerenic acid peak concentration is consistent with the standard dosage recommendation to take valerian 30 min to 2 h before bedtime."( Pharmacokinetics of valerenic acid after administration of valerian in healthy subjects.
Anderson, GD; Elmer, GW; Kantor, ED; Templeton, IE; Vitiello, MV, 2005
)
1.01
" There was not a statistically significant difference in the average peak concentration (C(max)), time to maximum concentration (T(max)) area under the time curve (AUC), elimination half-life (T(1/2)) and oral clearance after a single dose compared with multiple dosing."( Pharmacokinetics of valerenic acid after single and multiple doses of valerian in older women.
Anderson, GD; Barsness, S; Elmer, GW; Howald, WN; Kalhorn, TF; Kantor, E; Landis, CA; Taibi, DM; Vitiello, MV, 2010
)
0.68
" We established and validated an LC-MS/MS assay for the determination of VA in rat plasma and successfully used this method for pharmacokinetic studies in rats after intravenous (i."( Pharmacokinetics of valerenic acid in rats after intravenous and oral administrations.
Butterweck, V; Derendorf, H; Frye, R; Hamburger, M; Haug, K; Sampath, C; Thanei, S, 2012
)
0.7

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Usually for drugs with such low solubility values, their oral absorption and hence bioavailability are limited by their dissolution characteristics."( In vitro release of valerenic and hydroxyvalerenic acids from valerian tablets.
Torrado, JJ, 2003
)
0.58

Dosage Studied

Valerenic acid (340 μg/kg) is the active ingredient of valerian root extract. The timing of the valerenicacid peak concentration is consistent with the standard dosage recommendation to take Valerian 30 min to 2 h before bedtime.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Assuming that valerenic acid serum concentrations correlate with the pharmacological activity of valerian, the timing of the valerenic acid peak concentration is consistent with the standard dosage recommendation to take valerian 30 min to 2 h before bedtime."( Pharmacokinetics of valerenic acid after administration of valerian in healthy subjects.
Anderson, GD; Elmer, GW; Kantor, ED; Templeton, IE; Vitiello, MV, 2005
)
1.01
" The dosage of valerenic acid (340 μg/kg), which is the active ingredient of valerian root extract, was determined by the content of valerenic acid in valerian root extract (3."( Valeriana officinalis extract and its main component, valerenic acid, ameliorate D-galactose-induced reductions in memory, cell proliferation, and neuroblast differentiation by reducing corticosterone levels and lipid peroxidation.
Choi, JH; Hwang, IK; Jung, HY; Kang, SY; Kim, DW; Kim, JW; Kim, W; Kim, WJ; Nam, SM; Park, J; Yoo, DY; Yoon, YS, 2013
)
0.99
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (4)

RoleDescription
sedativeA central nervous system depressant used to induce drowsiness or sleep or to reduce psychological excitement or anxiety.
GABA modulatorA substance that does not act as agonist or antagonist but does affect the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-ionophore complex. GABA-A receptors appear to have at least three allosteric sites at which modulators act: a site at which benzodiazepines act by increasing the opening frequency of gamma-aminobutyric acid-activated chloride channels; a site at which barbiturates act to prolong the duration of channel opening; and a site at which some steroids may act.
plant metaboliteAny eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms.
volatile oil componentAny plant metabolite that is found naturally as a component of a volatile oil.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (3)

ClassDescription
sesquiterpenoidAny terpenoid derived from a sesquiterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C15 skeleton of the parent sesquiterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups).
carbobicyclic compoundA bicyclic compound in which all the ring atoms are carbon.
monocarboxylic acidAn oxoacid containing a single carboxy group.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (35)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
interleukin 8Homo sapiens (human)Potency74.97800.047349.480674.9780AID651758
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency53.32370.006038.004119,952.5996AID1159523
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency41.21400.173734.304761.8120AID1346859; AID1346924
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency41.21400.173734.304761.8120AID1346859; AID1346924
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency40.15100.000714.592883.7951AID1259369; AID1259392
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.10530.000221.22318,912.5098AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743063
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1Homo sapiens (human)Potency17.78280.011212.4002100.0000AID1030
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.81070.001318.074339.8107AID926; AID938
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency71.10830.000657.913322,387.1992AID1259378
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency63.37530.001022.650876.6163AID1224839
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency28.30870.000417.946075.1148AID1346795
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency0.00080.000214.376460.0339AID588532
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency47.46180.003041.611522,387.1992AID1159552; AID1159553; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency10.00000.000817.505159.3239AID588544
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency58.78060.001530.607315,848.9004AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259403
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency56.48330.005428.02631,258.9301AID1346982
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency46.51630.000229.305416,493.5996AID1259244; AID1259248; AID743069; AID743075; AID743078
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.91430.001024.504861.6448AID588534; AID588535; AID743212; AID743227
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency56.97720.001019.414170.9645AID743191
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency49.16480.023723.228263.5986AID743222; AID743223; AID743241
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.31200.057821.109761.2679AID1159526
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency63.37530.000323.4451159.6830AID743067
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency58.09170.042027.378961.6448AID743210; AID743228
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency68.92810.000627.21521,122.0200AID651741; AID743202; AID743219
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency63.37530.001557.789015,848.9004AID1259244
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency20.04100.002319.595674.0614AID651631
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency63.37530.001551.739315,848.9004AID1259244
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency37.57800.026622.448266.8242AID651802
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)15.80000.00112.000910.0000AID1513957; AID1891770
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)15.80000.00141.957810.0000AID1513957; AID1891770
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)27.00000.00010.34279.1000AID1355434
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)19.00000.00301.65329.8000AID1513957
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)5.20000.00080.52545.2000AID1355437
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)12.60000.00141.776810.0000AID1891770
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)43.00000.00010.23801.2250AID1355440
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (162)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrestCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein localizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replicationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespanCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substanceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-rayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
viral processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signalingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomeraseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UVCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiodCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibioticCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behaviorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell deathCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-CCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin DCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shuntCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathwayGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, GABAergicGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
chloride transmembrane transportGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
inhibitory synapse assemblyGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic membrane potentialGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathwayGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
post-embryonic developmentGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
adult behaviorGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, GABAergicGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to histamineGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
chloride transmembrane transportGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
inhibitory synapse assemblyGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic membrane potentialGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholesterol effluxRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thyroid hormone mediated signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
hormone-mediated signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone mineralizationRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transporter activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to retinoic acidRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase IIRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
steroid hormone mediated signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid receptor signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vitamin D receptor signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
anatomical structure developmentRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathwayGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, GABAergicGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
roof of mouth developmentGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to histamineGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
chloride transmembrane transportGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
inhibitory synapse assemblyGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane potentialGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
hormone-mediated signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of bone mineralizationRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase IIRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
steroid hormone mediated signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vitamin D receptor signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
anatomical structure developmentRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid receptor signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
response to retinoic acidRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
gamma-aminobutyric acid signaling pathwayGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, GABAergicGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of postsynaptic membrane potentialGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
inner ear receptor cell developmentGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
innervationGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to histamineGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
cochlea developmentGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
chloride transmembrane transportGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
inhibitory synapse assemblyGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane potentialGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
steroid hormone mediated signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid receptor signaling pathwayRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
anatomical structure developmentRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
response to retinoic acidRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glucose metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of steroid metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
circadian regulation of gene expressionNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to sterolNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of circadian rhythmNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fat cell differentiationNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
adipose tissue developmentNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
T-helper 17 cell differentiationNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (58)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
GABA receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-gated chloride ion channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-gated chloride ion channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potentialGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
benzodiazepine receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-gated chloride ion channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-gated chloride ion channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potentialGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
benzodiazepine receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
vitamin D response element bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coregulator bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
double-stranded DNA bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear steroid receptor activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
peptide bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear vitamin D receptor bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific DNA bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid-responsive element bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA binding domain bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
LBD domain bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-gated chloride ion channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear steroid receptor activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid-responsive element bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
GABA receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-gated chloride ion channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potentialGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel activityGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear steroid receptor activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
molecular condensate scaffold activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid-responsive element bindingRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
oxysterol bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
ligand-activated transcription factor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (35)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nuclear bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replication forkCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
PML bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand breakCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic vesicle membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic specialization membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA receptor complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
postsynapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
synapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
axonGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic vesicle membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic specialization membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
synapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
postsynapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGlutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
nucleusRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complexRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
receptor complexRetinoic acid receptor RXR-alphaHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic vesicle membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic specialization membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
synapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleolusRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complexRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinRetinoic acid receptor RXR-betaHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic vesicle membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
postsynaptic specialization membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-A receptor complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
chloride channel complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
synapseGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
neuron projectionGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transporter complexGamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complexRetinoic acid receptor RXR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (38)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID611614Allosteric modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor A alpha1beta2gamma2S expressed in Xenopus oocytes assessed as potentiation of GABA-mediated chloride current at 1 uM by voltage clamp assay2011Journal of natural products, Jun-24, Volume: 74, Issue:6
Positive GABA(A) receptor modulators from Acorus calamus and structural analysis of (+)-dioxosarcoguaiacol by 1D and 2D NMR and molecular modeling.
AID1355450Transactivation of human Gal4-fused LXRbeta LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355453Transactivation of human Gal4-fused VDR LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1513956Positive allosteric modulation of GABA-A alpha1beta3gamma2S receptor (unknown origin) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as increase in GABA-induced chloride current at 100 uM after 5 mins at -70 mV holding potential by two-microelectrode voltag
AID1491117Anticonvulsant activity in 7-days post fertilized zebra fish larvae assessed as reduction in pentylenetetrazol-induced locomotor activity by measuring total distance traveled by larvae pretreated for 3 hrs followed by pentylenetetrazol addition measured a2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
HPLC-Based Activity Profiling for GABA
AID1355434Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RXRalpha LBD expressed in HEK293T cells after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1513955Positive allosteric modulation of GABA-A alpha1beta3gamma2S receptor (unknown origin) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as increase in GABA-induced chloride current at 30 uM after 5 mins at -70 mV holding potential by two-microelectrode voltage
AID1355433Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RXRalpha LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355445Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RARgamma LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355451Transactivation of human Gal4-fused FXR LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1467587Cytotoxicity against primary human endothelial keratinocytes assessed as inhibition of cell viability at 10 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cytokine addition measured after 72 hrs by PrestoBlue staining based fluorescence assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
The design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-like library based on the natural product valerenic acid.
AID1355447Transactivation of human Gal4-fused PPARgamma LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1891770Positive allosteric modulation of GABAA alpha1beta2gamma2 receptor (unknown origin) stably expressed in CHO cells assessed as activation of GABA-induced response in presence of GABA by FLIPR assay2022Journal of natural products, 05-27, Volume: 85, Issue:5
Clerodane Diterpenes from
AID1355452Transactivation of human Gal4-fused CAR LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355458Transactivation of RXR in human HepG2 cells assessed as induction of apoE mRNA expression at 30 uM after 8 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1513978Positive allosteric modulation of GABA-A receptor in Sprague-Dawley rat primary hippocampal neurons assessed as channel-mediated tonic current at 30 uM pretreated for 300 secs followed by BMI addition for 10 secs at -70 mV holding potential by patch-clamp
AID1467586Cytotoxicity against primary human endothelial keratinocytes assessed as inhibition of cell viability preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cytokine addition measured after 72 hrs by PrestoBlue staining based fluorescence assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
The design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-like library based on the natural product valerenic acid.
AID1355454Transactivation of human Gal4-fused PXR LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355444Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RARbeta LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355456Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability up to 100 uM after 48 hrs by WST1 assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355443Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RARalpha LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355437Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RXRbeta LBD expressed in HEK293T cells after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1467585Antiinflammatory activity in primary human endothelial keratinocytes assessed as inhibition of IL-17A/TNF-alpha induced IL-8 production at 10 uM preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cytokine addition measured after 72 hrs by HTRF assay relative to control2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
The design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-like library based on the natural product valerenic acid.
AID1355435Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RXRalpha LBD expressed in HEK293T cells after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay relative to bexarotene2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355449Transactivation of human Gal4-fused LXRalpha LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1513957Positive allosteric modulation of GABA-A alpha1beta3gamma2S receptor (unknown origin) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as increase in GABA-induced chloride current after 15 mins at -70 mV holding potential by two-microelectrode voltage clamp m
AID1491116Toxicity in 7-days post fertilized zebra fish larvae after 1.5 to 24 hrs by microscopic analysis2017Journal of natural products, 05-26, Volume: 80, Issue:5
HPLC-Based Activity Profiling for GABA
AID1355446Transactivation of human Gal4-fused PPARalpha LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355457Transactivation of RXR in human HepG2 cells assessed as induction of ABCA1 mRNA expression at 30 uM after 8 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355455Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RXRbeta LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1513958Positive allosteric modulation of GABA-A alpha1beta3gamma2S receptor (unknown origin) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes assessed as increase in GABA-induced chloride current up to 100 uM after 15 mins at -70 mV holding potential by two-microelectrode vo
AID1355448Transactivation of human Gal4-fused PPARdelta LBD expressed in HEK293T cells at 30 uM after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1513981Anticonvulsive activity in C57BL/6N mouse assessed as protection against 49 +/- 1.8 mg/kg pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures by measuring elevation in seizure threshold at 10 mg/kg, ip pretreated for 30 mins followed by pentylenetetrazole tail-vein infus
AID1467588Antiinflammatory activity in human PBMC assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNF-alpha production after 16 hrs by AlphaLisa assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
The design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-like library based on the natural product valerenic acid.
AID1355441Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RXRgamma LBD expressed in HEK293T cells after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay relative to bexarotene2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1355438Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RXRbeta LBD expressed in HEK293T cells after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay relative to bexarotene2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
AID1467584Antiinflammatory activity in primary human endothelial keratinocytes assessed as inhibition of IL-17A/TNF-alpha induced IL-8 production preincubated for 2 hrs followed by cytokine addition measured after 72 hrs by HTRF assay2017Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 07-15, Volume: 27, Issue:14
The design, synthesis, and anti-inflammatory evaluation of a drug-like library based on the natural product valerenic acid.
AID1355440Transactivation of human Gal4-fused RXRgamma LBD expressed in HEK293T cells after 12 to 14 hrs by dual-glo luciferase assay2018Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-28, Volume: 61, Issue:12
Computer-Assisted Discovery of Retinoid X Receptor Modulating Natural Products and Isofunctional Mimetics.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (65)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19902 (3.08)18.7374
1990's1 (1.54)18.2507
2000's20 (30.77)29.6817
2010's34 (52.31)24.3611
2020's8 (12.31)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 61.60

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index61.60 (24.57)
Research Supply Index4.25 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.63 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index99.37 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.02 (0.95)

This Compound (61.60)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials2 (2.99%)5.53%
Reviews1 (1.49%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other64 (95.52%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]