swertisin profile

swertisin: from Wilbrandia ebracteata; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

swertisin : A flavone C-glycoside that is 7-O-methylapigenin in which the hydrogen at position 6 has been replaced by a beta-D-glucosyl residue. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Related Flora

Flora	Rank	Flora Definition	Family	Family Definition
Wilbrandia	genus	[no description available]	Cucurbitaceae	The gourd plant family of the order Violales, subclass Dilleniidae, class Magnoliopsida. It is sometimes placed in its own order, Cucurbitales. 'Melon' generally refers to CUCUMIS; CITRULLUS; or MOMORDICA.[MeSH]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	124034
CHEMBL ID	486415
CHEBI ID	131838
SCHEMBL ID	2778665
MeSH ID	M0556085

Synonym
6991-10-2
swertisin
5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-6-[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]chromen-4-one
CHEMBL486415
(1s)-1,5-anhydro-1-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-4h-1-benzopyran-6-yl]-d-glucitol
6-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one
flavocommelitin
7-o-methyl-6-c-beta-d-glucopyranosylapigenin
5,4'-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-6-c-beta-d-glucopyranosyl flavonoside
CHEBI:131838
6-c-glucopyranosyl-7-o-methylapigenin
C17835
4h-benzopyran-4-one, 6-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-
nsc 641547
SCHEMBL2778665
apigenin 6-glucosyl-7-o-methyl ether
AKOS032945994
DTXSID70990181
1,5-anhydro-1-[5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-4-oxo-4h-1-benzopyran-6-yl]hexitol
CS-0019497
HY-N2189
MS-28049
5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-6-[(2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]-4h-chromen-4-one
5-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-6-((2s,3r,4r,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2h-pyran-2-yl)-4h-chromen-4-one

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Swertisin was found to inhibit AR (IC(50) 1.23 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC(50) 1.89 μg/mL)."	( Hypoglycemic activity of C-glycosyl flavonoid from Enicostemma hyssopifolium. Mishra, SH; Patel, MB, 2011)	1.09

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Swertisin treated diabetic mice demonstrated remarkable improvement in overall glucose homeostasis."	( Swertisin, a novel SGLT2 inhibitor, with improved glucose homeostasis for effective diabetes therapy. Bhardwaj, G; Gupta, S; Murumkar, P; Pappachan, A; Patel, D; Shah, H; Shah, R; Srivastava, A; Vakani, M, 2021)	2.79

Role	Description
plant metabolite	Any eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms.
adenosine A1 receptor antagonist	An antagonist at the A1 receptor.
anti-inflammatory agent	Any compound that has anti-inflammatory effects.
antioxidant	A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides.
hypoglycemic agent	A drug which lowers the blood glucose level.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
flavone C-glycoside	Any C-glycosyl compound arising formally from the elimination of water from a glycosidic hydroxy group and an H atom bound to a flavone skeleton, thus creating a C-C bond.
monosaccharide derivative	A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a monosaccharide.
polyphenol	Members of the class of phenols that contain 2 or more benzene rings each of which is substituted by at least one hydroxy group.
monomethoxyflavone	Any methoxyflavone with a single methoxy substituent.
dihydroxyflavone	Any hydroxyflavone in which two ring hydrogens are replaced by hydroxy substituents.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID338974	Inhibition of cow milk xanthine oxidase at 50 ug/mL
AID1502932	Inhibition of xanthine oxidase (unknown origin) using xanthine as substrate pretreated for 10 mins followed by substrate addition measured every 2 mins for 6 mins	2017	Journal of natural products, 10-27, Volume: 80, Issue:10	Berchemiosides A-C, 2-Acetoxy-ω-phenylpentaene Fatty Acid Triglycosides from the Unripe Fruits of Berchemia berchemiifolia.
AID685083	Inhibition of yeast alpha-glucosidase using p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside as substrate compound pre-incubated for 10 mins before substrate addition measured after 5 mins by microplate reader	2012	Journal of natural products, Aug-24, Volume: 75, Issue:8	α-Glucosidase inhibitory hydrolyzable tannins from Eugenia jambolana seeds.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	17 (85.00)	24.3611
2020's	3 (15.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	21 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
glipizide Glipizide: An oral hypoglycemic agent which is rapidly absorbed and completely metabolized.. glipizide : An N-sulfonylurea that is glyburide in which the (5-chloro-2-methoxybenzoyl group is replaced by a (5-methylpyrazin-2-yl)carbonyl group. An oral hypoglycemic agent, it is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	2.05	1	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-sulfonylurea; pyrazines	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent; insulin secretagogue
rhamnose [no description available]	2.07	1	L-rhamnose
adenosine quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit	7.13	1	adenosines; purines D-ribonucleoside	analgesic; anti-arrhythmia drug; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; vasodilator agent
friedelin 3-friedelanone: from the stem bark of Irvingia gabonensis; structure in first source. friedelin : A pentacyclic triterpenoid that is perhydropicene which is substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and by methyl groups at the 4, 4a, 6b, 8a, 11, 11, 12b, and 14a-positions (the 4R,4aS,6aS,6bR,8aR,12aR,12bS,14aS,14bS-enantiomer). It is the major triterpenoid constituent of cork.	2.08	1	cyclic terpene ketone; pentacyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; antipyretic; non-narcotic analgesic; plant metabolite
proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2.	2.08	1	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid	algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
docetaxel anhydrous Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.	2.15	1	secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tetracyclic diterpenoid	antimalarial; antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
spinosin spinosin: isolated from seeds of Ziziph spinosa; structure given in first source. spinosin : A flavone C-glycoside that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4', a methoxy group at position 7 and a 2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 6 via a C-glycosidic linkage.	2.82	3	dihydroxyflavone; flavone C-glycoside; monomethoxyflavone	anxiolytic drug; plant metabolite
isovitexin [no description available]	7.76	3	C-glycosyl compound; trihydroxyflavone	EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite
sb 203580 [no description available]	2.11	1	imidazoles; monofluorobenzenes; pyridines; sulfoxide	EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent
lupeol [no description available]	7.52	2	pentacyclic triterpenoid; secondary alcohol	anti-inflammatory drug; plant metabolite
swertiamarin swertiamarin: seco-iridoid glucoside from Swertia japonica;	2.79	3	glycoside
acarbose [no description available]	2.07	1	amino cyclitol; glycoside
gamma-sitosterol clionasterol : A member of the class of phytosterols that is poriferast-5-ene carrying a beta-hydroxy substituent at position 3.	2.08	1	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols	marine metabolite; plant metabolite
glycosides [no description available]	2.07	1
n(6)-cyclopentyladenosine [no description available]	2.13	1
cytellin cytellin: a phytosterol preparation of mainly B-sitosterol, that was marketed by Eli Lilly to lower cholesterol 1957 to 1982	2.08	1
apigenin Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.	4.31	17	trihydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; metabolite
stigmasterol stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol: isolated from freeze-dried powder of Blackberries (Rubus ursinus L.) which showed an activity on inhibition of chemocarcinogen. stigmasterol : A 3beta-sterol that consists of 3beta-hydroxystigmastane having double bonds at the 5,6- and 22,23-positions.	2.08	1	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; phytosterols; stigmastane sterol	plant metabolite
quercetin-3-o-sophoroside quercetin-3-O-sophoroside: structure given in first source. quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucosyl-(1->2)-beta-D-glucoside : A quercetin O-glucoside that is quercetin attached to a beta-D-sophorosyl residue at position 3 via a glycosidic linkage.	2.15	1	sophoroside; tetrahydroxyflavone	antioxidant; plant metabolite
dizocilpine maleate Dizocilpine Maleate: A potent noncompetitive antagonist of the NMDA receptor (RECEPTORS, N-METHYL-D-ASPARTATE) used mainly as a research tool. The drug has been considered for the wide variety of neurodegenerative conditions or disorders in which NMDA receptors may play an important role. Its use has been primarily limited to animal and tissue experiments because of its psychotropic effects.. dizocilpine maleate : A maleate salt obtained by reaction of dizocilpine with one equivalent of maleic acid.	2.15	1	maleate salt; tetracyclic antidepressant	anaesthetic; anticonvulsant; neuroprotective agent; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist
beta-escin [no description available]	2.15	1
scopolamine hydrobromide [no description available]	2.13	1
jujuboside b jujuboside B: from seeds of Ziziphus jujuba; structure in first source	2.15	1	triterpenoid
jujuboside a [no description available]	2.15	1	triterpenoid
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	2.15	1	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Hepatitis B Virus Infection [description not available]	2.25	1
Hepatitis B INFLAMMATION of the LIVER in humans caused by a member of the ORTHOHEPADNAVIRUS genus, HEPATITIS B VIRUS. It is primarily transmitted by parenteral exposure, such as transfusion of contaminated blood or blood products, but can also be transmitted via sexual or intimate personal contact.	7.25	1
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	3.24	5
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	2.61	2
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	2.61	2
Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal.	2.15	1
Hyperlipemia [description not available]	2.15	1
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	2.15	1
Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level.	7.15	1
Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.	2.15	1
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	2.15	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.5	2
Age-Related Memory Disorders [description not available]	2.54	2
Memory Disorders Disturbances in registering an impression, in the retention of an acquired impression, or in the recall of an impression. Memory impairments are associated with DEMENTIA; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; ALCOHOLISM (see also ALCOHOL AMNESTIC DISORDER); SCHIZOPHRENIA; and other conditions.	2.54	2
Cognitive Decline [description not available]	2.15	1
Dementia Praecox [description not available]	2.15	1
Schizophrenia A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, HALLUCINATIONS, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.	2.15	1
Cognitive Dysfunction Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function.	2.15	1
Anasarca [description not available]	2.48	2
Ache [description not available]	2.07	1
Injuries Used with anatomic headings, animals, and sports for wounds and injuries. Excludes cell damage, for which pathology is used.	2.07	1
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.	2.48	2
Pain An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.	2.07	1
Wounds and Injuries Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity.	2.07	1

swertisin

Description

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Synonyms (24)

Research Excerpts

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Treatment

Roles (5)

Drug Classes (5)

Bioassays (3)

Research

Studies (20)

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Research Demand Index: 27.72

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