N-acetylmannosamine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
N-acetylmannosamine : Any mannosamine carrying an N-acetyl substituent [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 11869379 |
| MeSH ID | M0042478 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| n-acetylmannosamine |
| PD132425 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Single doses of 3 and 6g of oral ManNAc were safe and well tolerated; 10g was associated with diarrhea likely due to unabsorbed ManNAc." | ( Safety, pharmacokinetics and sialic acid production after oral administration of N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) to subjects with GNE myopathy. Carrillo, N; Celeste, F; Ciccone, C; Cradock, J; Gahl, WA; Goldspiel, B; Huizing, M; Latham, LL; Malicdan, MC; McKew, JC; Terse, P; Wang, AQ; Xu, X; Yang, N; Yorke, S, 2017) | 0.46 |
| "Most drug-related adverse events were gastrointestinal, and there were no serious adverse events." | ( Safety and efficacy of N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) in patients with GNE myopathy: an open-label phase 2 study. Bayman, L; Berry, SM; Bradley, K; Carrillo, N; Ciccone, C; Class, B; Coffey, CS; Driscoll, C; Gahl, WA; Heiss, JD; Huizing, M; Jodarski, C; Joe, G; Leoyklang, P; Liu, CY; Malicdan, MC; Parks, R; Perreault, J; Quintana, M; Shrader, JA; Slota, C; Van Wart, S, 2021) | 0.62 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Oral ManNAc was absorbed rapidly and exhibited a short half-life (~2." | ( Safety, pharmacokinetics and sialic acid production after oral administration of N-acetylmannosamine (ManNAc) to subjects with GNE myopathy. Carrillo, N; Celeste, F; Ciccone, C; Cradock, J; Gahl, WA; Goldspiel, B; Huizing, M; Latham, LL; Malicdan, MC; McKew, JC; Terse, P; Wang, AQ; Xu, X; Yang, N; Yorke, S, 2017) | 0.46 |
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Dose-response curves for alpha subunit from the different HeLa lines and from tunicamycin- and deoxyglucose-treated cells were sufficiently parallel to indicate similar immunological characteristics." | ( Glycosylation of the chorionic gonadotropin alpha subunit synthesized by HeLa cells. Cox, GS, 1981) | 0.26 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 87 (36.71) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 38 (16.03) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 44 (18.57) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 57 (24.05) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 11 (4.64) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 4 (1.65%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 5 (2.06%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 1 (0.41%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 1 (0.41%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 232 (95.47%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gamma-aminobutyric acid gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; gamma-amino acid; monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite; neurotransmitter; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; signalling molecule |
| bromide Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) | 3.16 | 1 | 0 | halide anion; monoatomic bromine | |
| butyric acid Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group. | 4.24 | 3 | 1 | fatty acid 4:0; straight-chain saturated fatty acid | human urinary metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| carbamates [no description available] | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | amino-acid anion | |
| choline [no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | cholines | allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | halide anion; monoatomic chlorine | cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite |
| dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | sulfoxide; volatile organic compound | alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger |
| formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 4.07 | 3 | 1 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| histamine [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamino compound; imidazoles | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species | human metabolite |
| orotic acid Orotic Acid: An intermediate product in PYRIMIDINE synthesis which plays a role in chemical conversions between DIHYDROFOLATE and TETRAHYDROFOLATE.. orotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid that is uracil bearing a carboxy substituent at position C-6. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidinemonocarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphoenolpyruvate: A monocarboxylic acid anion derived from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid. It is a metabolic intermediate in GLYCOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS; and other pathways.. phosphoenolpyruvate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resuting from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid.. phosphoenolpyruvic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid substituted by a phosphonooxy group at position 2. It is a metabolic intermediate in pathways like glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. | 3.55 | 8 | 0 | carboxyalkyl phosphate; monocarboxylic acid | fundamental metabolite |
| 1-propanol 1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | propan-1-ols; short-chain primary fatty alcohol | metabolite; protic solvent |
| pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis. | 3.54 | 8 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | cofactor; fundamental metabolite |
| quinolinic acid Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | pyridinedicarboxylic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; NMDA receptor agonist |
| sulfites Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3). | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion; sulfur oxide; sulfur oxoanion | |
| 2,4-dinitrophenol 2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions. | 2 | 1 | 0 | dinitrophenol | allergen; antiseptic drug; bacterial xenobiotic metabolite; geroprotector; oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor |
| chloroquine Chloroquine: The prototypical antimalarial agent with a mechanism that is not well understood. It has also been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and in the systemic therapy of amebic liver abscesses.. chloroquine : An aminoquinoline that is quinoline which is substituted at position 4 by a [5-(diethylamino)pentan-2-yl]amino group at at position 7 by chlorine. It is used for the treatment of malaria, hepatic amoebiasis, lupus erythematosus, light-sensitive skin eruptions, and rheumatoid arthritis. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline; organochlorine compound; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound | anticoronaviral agent; antimalarial; antirheumatic drug; autophagy inhibitor; dermatologic drug |
| diclofenac Diclofenac: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) with antipyretic and analgesic actions. It is primarily available as the sodium salt.. diclofenac : A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | amino acid; aromatic amine; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid; secondary amino compound | antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound | antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic |
| glutaral Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | dialdehyde | cross-linking reagent; disinfectant; fixative |
| isoproterenol Isoproterenol: Isopropyl analog of EPINEPHRINE; beta-sympathomimetic that acts on the heart, bronchi, skeletal muscle, alimentary tract, etc. It is used mainly as bronchodilator and heart stimulant.. isoprenaline : A secondary amino compound that is noradrenaline in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by an isopropyl group. A sympathomimetic acting almost exclusively on beta-adrenergic receptors, it is used (mainly as the hydrochloride salt) as a bronghodilator and heart stimulant for the management of a variety of cardiac disorders. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | catechols; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | beta-adrenergic agonist; bronchodilator agent; cardiotonic drug; sympathomimetic agent |
| letrozole [no description available] | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | nitrile; triazoles | antineoplastic agent; EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor |
| o(6)-benzylguanine O(6)-benzylguanine: a suicide inhibitor of O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase activity | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | ||
| pentobarbital Pentobarbital: A short-acting barbiturate that is effective as a sedative and hypnotic (but not as an anti-anxiety) agent and is usually given orally. It is prescribed more frequently for sleep induction than for sedation but, like similar agents, may lose its effectiveness by the second week of continued administration. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p236). pentobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and sec-pentyl groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | barbiturates | GABAA receptor agonist |
| sebacic acid sebacic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid | human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| sodium fluoride [no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | fluoride salt | mutagen |
| thalidomide Thalidomide: A piperidinyl isoindole originally introduced as a non-barbiturate hypnotic, but withdrawn from the market due to teratogenic effects. It has been reintroduced and used for a number of immunological and inflammatory disorders. Thalidomide displays immunosuppressive and anti-angiogenic activity. It inhibits release of TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA from monocytes, and modulates other cytokine action.. thalidomide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of R- and S-thalidomide.. 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione : A dicarboximide that is isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a 2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl group. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | phthalimides; piperidones | |
| zinc chloride zinc chloride: RN given refers to parent cpd. zinc dichloride : A compound of zinc and chloride ions in the ratio 1:2. It exists in four crystalline forms, in each of which the Zn(2+) ions are trigonal planar coordinated to four chloride ions. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | inorganic chloride; zinc molecular entity | astringent; disinfectant; EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor; Lewis acid |
| sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol). | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | glucitol | cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| thymidine [no description available] | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| pilocarpine Pilocarpine: A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma.. (+)-pilocarpine : The (+)-enantiomer of pilocarpine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | pilocarpine | antiglaucoma drug |
| pentylenetetrazole Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | organic heterobicyclic compound; organonitrogen heterocyclic compound | |
| serine Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; serine family amino acid; serine zwitterion; serine | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | glycosyl glycoside | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent |
| uridine [no description available] | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | uridines | drug metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite |
| galactose galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 5.79 | 11 | 0 | D-galactose; galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| edetic acid Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative; polyamino carboxylic acid; tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant; antidote; chelator; copper chelator; geroprotector |
| leucine Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. | 3.76 | 11 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; leucine; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| uridine triphosphate Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate; uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose. | 3.58 | 2 | 0 | lactose | |
| methionine Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; methionine zwitterion; methionine; proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| colchicine (S)-colchicine : A colchicine that has (S)-configuration. It is a secondary metabolite, has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to treat gout, crystal-induced joint inflammation, familial Mediterranean fever, and many other conditions. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | alkaloid; colchicine | anti-inflammatory agent; gout suppressant; mutagen |
| cytidine [no description available] | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | cytidines | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| cytidine triphosphate Cytidine Triphosphate: Cytidine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A cytosine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | cytidine 5'-phosphate; pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol | anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| mannitol [no description available] | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | mannitol | allergen; antiglaucoma drug; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; food anticaking agent; food bulking agent; food humectant; food stabiliser; food thickening agent; hapten; metabolite; osmotic diuretic; sweetening agent |
| asparagine Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; asparagine; aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| histidine Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; histidine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical |
| methylamine methyl group : An alkyl group that is the univalent group derived from methane by removal of a hydrogen atom. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | methylamines; one-carbon compound; primary aliphatic amine | mouse metabolite |
| boranes Boranes: The collective name for the boron hydrides, which are analogous to the alkanes and silanes. Numerous boranes are known. Some have high calorific values and are used in high-energy fuels. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). borane : The simplest borane, consisting of a single boron atom carrying three hydrogens.. boranes : The molecular hydrides of boron. | 4.99 | 2 | 1 | boranes; mononuclear parent hydride | |
| xanthenes Xanthenes: Compounds with three aromatic rings in linear arrangement with an OXYGEN in the center ring. | 2 | 1 | 0 | xanthene | |
| furaldehyde Furaldehyde: A heterocyclic compound consisting of a furan where the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a formyl group.. furfural : An aldehyde that is furan with the hydrogen at position 2 substituted by a formyl group. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | aldehyde; furans | Maillard reaction product; metabolite |
| cyclopentane Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | cycloalkane; cyclopentanes; volatile organic compound | non-polar solvent |
| calcium gluconate [no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | calcium salt | nutraceutical |
| hydrazine diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | azane; hydrazines | EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor |
| diazomethane Diazomethane: A diazonium compound with the formula CH2N2.. diazomethane : The simplest diazo compound, in which a diazo group is attached to a methylene group. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | diazo compound | alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; poison |
| uridine diphosphate n-acetylglucosamine Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine: Serves as the biological precursor of insect chitin, of muramic acid in bacterial cell walls, and of sialic acids in mammalian glycoproteins. | 2.89 | 4 | 0 | ||
| deoxycytidine [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| phenylglyoxal [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | phenylacetaldehydes | |
| hydrofluoric acid Hydrofluoric Acid: Hydrofluoric acid. A solution of hydrogen fluoride in water. It is a colorless fuming liquid which can cause painful burns.. hydrogen fluoride : A diatomic molecule containing covalently bonded hydrogen and fluorine atoms.. organofluorine compound : An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | hydrogen halide; mononuclear parent hydride | NMR chemical shift reference compound |
| spectinomycin Spectinomycin: An antibiotic produced by Streptomyces spectabilis. It is active against gram-negative bacteria and used for the treatment of GONORRHEA.. spectinomycin dihydrochloride : A hydrochloride obtained by combining spectinomycin with two molar equivalents of hydrochloric acid. An antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea.. spectinomycin : A pyranobenzodioxin and antibiotic that is active against gram-negative bacteria and used (as its dihydrochloride pentahydrate) to treat gonorrhea. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces spectabilis. | 3.16 | 1 | 0 | cyclic acetal; cyclic hemiketal; cyclic ketone; pyranobenzodioxin; secondary alcohol; secondary amino compound | antibacterial drug; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite |
| fucose Fucose: A six-member ring deoxysugar with the chemical formula C6H12O5. It lacks a hydroxyl group on the carbon at position 6 of the molecule.. L-fucopyranose : The pyranose form of L-fucose.. fucose : Any deoxygalactose that is deoxygenated at the 6-position. | 3.84 | 12 | 0 | fucopyranose; L-fucose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose. | 5.2 | 16 | 0 | D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose | metabolite |
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| rhodium Rhodium: A hard and rare metal of the platinum group, atomic number 45, atomic weight 102.905, symbol Rh.. rhodium atom : A cobalt group element atom of atomic number 45. | 7.02 | 1 | 0 | cobalt group element atom | |
| titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | titanium group element atom | |
| chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | chromium group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| erbium Erbium: Erbium. An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Er, atomic number 68, and atomic weight 167.26. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom; elemental gold | |
| ytterbium Ytterbium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Yb, atomic number 70, and atomic weight 173. Ytterbium has been used in lasers and as a portable x-ray source. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | f-block element atom; lanthanoid atom | |
| yttrium Yttrium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Y, atomic number 39, and atomic weight 88.91. In conjunction with other rare earths, yttrium is used as a phosphor in television receivers and is a component of the yttrium-aluminum garnet (YAG) lasers. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | d-block element atom; rare earth metal atom; scandium group element atom | |
| acetylglucosamine Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre. | 6.2 | 44 | 0 | N-acetyl-D-glucosamine | epitope |
| galactosamine 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | D-galactosamine; primary amino compound | toxin |
| galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen | antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer |
| rhamnose [no description available] | 3.51 | 2 | 0 | L-rhamnose | |
| fluorides [no description available] | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | halide anion; monoatomic fluorine | |
| chromium chromium hexavalent ion: a human respiratory carcinogen | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | chromium cation; monoatomic hexacation | |
| daunorubicin Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | aminoglycoside antibiotic; anthracycline; p-quinones; tetracenequinones | antineoplastic agent; bacterial metabolite |
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| transferrin Transferrin: An iron-binding beta1-globulin that is synthesized in the LIVER and secreted into the blood. It plays a central role in the transport of IRON throughout the circulation. A variety of transferrin isoforms exist in humans, including some that are considered markers for specific disease states. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 2 | 1 | 0 | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
| sodium azide Sodium Azide: A cytochrome oxidase inhibitor which is a nitridizing agent and an inhibitor of terminal oxidation. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). sodium azide : The sodium salt of hydrogen azide (hydrazoic acid). | 2 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt | antibacterial agent; explosive; mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor; mutagen |
| azides Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor |
| zidovudine Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | azide; pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside | antimetabolite; antiviral drug; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor |
| acetylgalactosamine Acetylgalactosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of galactosamine. | 3.94 | 13 | 0 | N-acetyl-D-hexosamine; N-acetylgalactosamine | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| metaperiodate Periodic Acid: A strong oxidizing agent. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | iodine oxoacid | |
| 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-n-acetylneuraminic acid 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid: also known as NeuAc2en, but this is also synonym for another compound. 2-deoxy-2,3-dehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid : N-Acetylneuraminic acid reduced across the 2,3-bond with loss of the hydroxy group at C-2; it is a minor component of body fluids although abundant in sialuria. | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | N-acetylneuraminic acids | |
| trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate: deprotecting cpd for peptides | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chromotropic acid chromotropic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. chromotropic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 5. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | naphthalenediols; naphthalenesulfonic acid | indicator |
| fluorodeoxyglucose f18 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162) | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | 2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose; 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose | |
| 5-fluoroorotic acid 5-fluoroorotic acid: inhibits the dietary induction of serine dehydratase. 5-fluoroorotic acid : A pyrimidinemonocarboxylic that is orotic acid which is substituted by fluorine at position 5. It is used in yeast molecular genetics to detect expression of the URA3 gene, which encodes orotine-5'-monophosphate dicarboxylase. A yeast with and active URA3 gene converts 5-fluoroorotic acid to fluorodeoxyuridine, which is toxic to cells. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ||
| biotin hydrazide biotin hydrazide: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3aS-(3aalpha,4beta,6aalpha))-isomer | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| fibrinogen Fibrinogen: Plasma glycoprotein clotted by thrombin, composed of a dimer of three non-identical pairs of polypeptide chains (alpha, beta, gamma) held together by disulfide bonds. Fibrinogen clotting is a sol-gel change involving complex molecular arrangements: whereas fibrinogen is cleaved by thrombin to form polypeptides A and B, the proteolytic action of other enzymes yields different fibrinogen degradation products.. D-iditol : The D-enantiomer of iditol. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | iditol | fungal metabolite |
| glycidyl nitrate glycidyl nitrate: a nitric oxide donor; structure in first source. peptidoglycan : A peptidoglycosaminoglycan formed by alternating residues of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid {2-amino-3-O-[(S)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy-D-glucose} residues. Attached to the carboxy group of the muramic acid is a peptide chain of three to five amino acids. | 3.48 | 2 | 0 | ||
| methyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-d-glucopyranoside methyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranoside: RN given refers to (alpha-D)-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| pyrimidin-2-one beta-ribofuranoside pyrimidin-2-one beta-ribofuranoside: RN given refers to (D)-isomer; structure | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleosides | |
| hydrogen sulfite [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | sulfur oxoanion | human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| yttrium radioisotopes Yttrium Radioisotopes: Unstable isotopes of yttrium that decay or disintegrate emitting radiation. Y atoms with atomic weights 82-88 and 90-96 are radioactive yttrium isotopes. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | ||
| fluo-3 Fluo-3: fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator; permits continuous monitoring of Ca without interference with use of UV-sensitive caged compounds | 2 | 1 | 0 | xanthene dye | fluorochrome |
| deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | ||
| 3-deoxyglycero-galacto-nonulosonic acid 3-deoxyglycero-galacto-nonulosonic acid: deaminated neuraminic acid from rainbow trout; structure given in first source | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->7)-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->3)-L-alpha-D-Hepp-(1->5)-alpha-Kdo | |
| n-acetylneuraminoyllactose 3'-sialyllactose: structure in first source | 3.15 | 1 | 0 | ||
| proline Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proline; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; compatible osmolytes; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| uridine diphosphate n-acetylmannosamine [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | UDP-amino sugar | |
| biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | biotins; vitamin B7 | coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| 5-hydroxymethylfurfural 5-hydroxymethylfurfural: has antisickling activity; HMF is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural : A member of the class of furans that is furan which is substituted at positions 2 and 5 by formyl and hydroxymethyl substituents, respectively. Virtually absent from fresh foods, it is naturally generated in sugar-containing foods during storage, and especially by drying or cooking. It is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | arenecarbaldehyde; furans; primary alcohol | indicator; Maillard reaction product |
| bortezomib [no description available] | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines | antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor |
| n-acetylneuraminic acid N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: An N-acyl derivative of neuraminic acid. N-acetylneuraminic acid occurs in many polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animals and bacteria. (From Dorland, 28th ed, p1518). N-acetylneuraminic acid : An N-acylneuraminic acid where the N-acyl group is specified as acetyl. | 10.92 | 76 | 2 | N-acetylneuraminic acids | antioxidant; bacterial metabolite; EC 3.2.1.18 (exo-alpha-sialidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2. | 4.17 | 17 | 0 | D-glucosamine | Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite |
| glucosamine 6-phosphate glucosamine 6-phosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose 6-phosphate | human metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| n-acetylglucosamine 6-phosphate [no description available] | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | phospho sugar | |
| allose [no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | allopyranose; D-allose | antioxidant |
| n-glycolylneuraminic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid: RN given refers to (all-D)-isomer | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | N-acylneuraminic acid | |
| mannosamine mannosamine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. D-mannosamine : The D-enantiomer of mannosamine.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-mannopyranose : A D-mannosamine in cyclic pyranose form. | 3.46 | 8 | 0 | D-mannosamine | |
| monensin Monensin: An antiprotozoal agent produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. It exerts its effect during the development of first-generation trophozoites into first-generation schizonts within the intestinal epithelial cells. It does not interfere with hosts' development of acquired immunity to the majority of coccidial species. Monensin is a sodium and proton selective ionophore and is widely used as such in biochemical studies.. monensin A : A spiroketal, monensin A is the major component of monensin, a mixture of antibiotic substances produced by Streptomyces cinnamonensis. An antiprotozoal, it is used as the sodium salt as a feed additive for the prevention of coccidiosis in poultry and as a growth promoter in cattle. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal; monocarboxylic acid; polyether antibiotic; spiroketal | antifungal agent; coccidiostat; ionophore |
| trichostatin a trichostatin A: chelates zinc ion in the active site of histone deacetylases, resulting in preventing histone unpacking so DNA is less available for transcription; do not confuse with TRICHOSANTHIN which is a protein; found in STREPTOMYCES | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | antibiotic antifungal agent; hydroxamic acid; trichostatin | bacterial metabolite; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; geroprotector |
| cytidine monophosphate n-acetylneuraminic acid Cytidine Monophosphate N-Acetylneuraminic Acid: A nucleoside monophosphate sugar which donates N-acetylneuraminic acid to the terminal sugar of a ganglioside or glycoprotein.. CMP-N-acetyl-beta-neuraminic acid : A nucleotide sugar used as a donor by glycosyltransferases for the synthesis of sugar chains | 3.92 | 13 | 0 | CMP-N-acyl-beta-neuraminic acid | mouse metabolite |
| glycosides [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-acetylneuraminoyllactose [no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| D-fructopyranose [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
| 4-amino-5-hydrazino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol 4-amino-5-hydrazino-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol: for detection of aldehydes as a spray reagent; structure | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| meso-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, (r-(r*,s*))-isomer diphenylethylenediamine: structure in first source | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | ||
| 4-benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione 4-benzyl-2-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione: a GSK3beta inhibitor. TDZD-8 : A member of the class of thiadiazolidines that is 1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dione which is substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and by a benzyl group at position 4. It is a non-ATP competitive inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK3beta). An experimental compound which was being developed for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | benzenes; thiadiazolidine | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.26 (tau-protein kinase) inhibitor; neuroprotective agent |
| sodium borohydride sodium borohydride: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt; metal tetrahydridoborate | |
| coenzyme q10 coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | ubiquinones | antioxidant; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite |
| ubiquinone 8 [no description available] | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | ubiquinones | biomarker |
| menaquinone 6 menaquinone 6: RN given refers to (all-E)-isomer | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | ||
| menaquinone 7 menaquinone-7 : A menaquinone whose side-chain contains seven isoprene units in an all-trans-configutation. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | menaquinone | bone density conservation agent; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human blood serum metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| brefeldin a [no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | macrolide antibiotic | Penicillium metabolite |
| strontium Strontium: An element of the alkaline earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sr, atomic number 38, and atomic weight 87.62. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | alkaline earth metal atom | |
| cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
| ammonium sulfate Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ammonium salt; inorganic sulfate salt | fertilizer |
| selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen; nonmetal atom | micronutrient |
| n-acetylmannosaminuronic acid [no description available] | 3.16 | 1 | 0 | ||
| chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge. | 2 | 1 | 0 | biguanides; monochlorobenzenes | antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent |
| g(m1) ganglioside G(M1) Ganglioside: A specific monosialoganglioside that accumulates abnormally within the nervous system due to a deficiency of GM1-b-galactosidase, resulting in GM1 gangliosidosis.. ganglioside GM1 : A sialotetraosylceramide consisting of a branched pentasaccharide made up from one sialyl residue, two galactose residues, one N-acetylgalactosamine residue and a glucose residue at the reducing end attached to N-stearoylsphingosine via a beta-linkage. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | alpha-N-acetylneuraminosyl-(2->3)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)-N-acetyl-beta-D-galactosaminyl-(1->4)]-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-N-acylsphingosine; sialotetraosylceramide | |
| n-propanoylmannosamine N-propanoylmannosamine: synthetic precursor of neuraminic acid | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ribose ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | D-ribose; ribopyranose | |
| gomphoside gomphoside: RN given refers to (2alpha(2S,3S,4R,6R),3beta,5alpha)-isomer; structure given in first source | 3.16 | 1 | 0 | ||
| n-acetylmannosamine 6-phosphate [no description available] | 2.35 | 2 | 0 | N-acyl-D-mannosamine 6-phosphate | |
| apremilast [no description available] | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | aromatic ether; N-acetylarylamine; phthalimides; sulfone | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor |
| losartan potassium Erythropoietin: Glycoprotein hormone, secreted chiefly by the KIDNEY in the adult and the LIVER in the FETUS, that acts on erythroid stem cells of the BONE MARROW to stimulate proliferation and differentiation. | 4.24 | 3 | 1 | ||
| tannins Tannins: Polyphenolic compounds with molecular weights of around 500-3000 daltons and containing enough hydroxyl groups (1-2 per 100 MW) for effective cross linking of other compounds (ASTRINGENTS). The two main types are HYDROLYZABLE TANNINS and CONDENSED TANNINS. Historically, the term has applied to many compounds and plant extracts able to render skin COLLAGEN impervious to degradation. The word tannin derives from the Celtic word for OAK TREE which was used for leather processing. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | ||
| ubiquinone Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals. | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | ||
| glycolipids [no description available] | 4.11 | 3 | 1 | ||
| caseins Caseins: A mixture of related phosphoproteins occurring in milk and cheese. The group is characterized as one of the most nutritive milk proteins, containing all of the common amino acids and rich in the essential ones. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | ||
| g(m3) ganglioside G(M3) Ganglioside: A ganglioside present in abnormally large amounts in the brain and liver due to a deficient biosynthetic enzyme, G(M3):UDP-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. Deficiency of this enzyme prevents the formation of G(M2) ganglioside from G(M3) ganglioside and is the cause of an anabolic sphingolipidosis.. alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc-(1<->1')-Cer(d18:1/24:1(15Z)) : A sialotriaosylceramide consisting of beta-D-GalNAc-(1->4)-[alpha-Neu5Ac-(2->3)]-beta-D-Gal-(1->4)-beta-D-Glc attached to the primary hydroxy function of ceramide(d18:1/24:1(15Z)). | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alpha-N-acetylneuraminyl-(2->3)-beta-D-galactosyl-(1->4)-beta-D-glucosyl-(1<->1')-ceramide; sialodiosylceramide; sialotriaosylceramide | mouse metabolite |
| nephrin nephrin: gene nephrin is mutated in congenital nephrotic syndrome; amino acid sequence in first source; GenBank F19541; RefSeq NM_019459 (mouse), NM_004646 (human), NM_022628 (rat) | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | ||
| amyloid beta-peptides amyloid beta-protein (1-40): although acutely neurotoxic in both rat & monkey cerebral cortex, neuronal degeneration in primates resembles more closely to that found in Alzheimer's disease; amino acid sequence has been determined | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide | Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| guanine [no description available] | 3.56 | 1 | 1 | 2-aminopurines; oxopurine; purine nucleobase | algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| bis(3',5')-cyclic diguanylic acid [no description available] | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | cyclic purine dinucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide | immunomodulator; signalling molecule |
| concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.72 | 2 | 0 |
| Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE. | 0 | 4.04 | 2 | 1 |
| Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE. | 0 | 2.72 | 2 | 0 |
| Encephalopathy, Toxic [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia, Postprandial Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level after a meal. | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperglycemia Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level. | 0 | 2.59 | 2 | 0 |
| Distal Muscular Dystrophies [description not available] | 0 | 7.73 | 7 | 2 |
| Muscle Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 4.87 | 2 | 1 |
| Muscular Diseases Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE. | 0 | 4.87 | 2 | 1 |
| Distal Myopathies A heterogeneous group of genetic disorders characterized by progressive MUSCULAR ATROPHY and MUSCLE WEAKNESS beginning in the hands, the legs, or the feet. Most are adult-onset autosomal dominant forms. Others are autosomal recessive. | 0 | 7.73 | 7 | 2 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available] | 0 | 3.97 | 2 | 1 |
| Insulin Sensitivity [description not available] | 0 | 3.97 | 2 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY. | 0 | 3.97 | 2 | 1 |
| Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS. | 0 | 3.97 | 2 | 1 |
| Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). | 0 | 3.97 | 2 | 1 |
| Breast Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST. | 0 | 2.49 | 2 | 0 |
| Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Adult Periodontitis [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Familial Nonmedullary Thyroid Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Affective Psychosis, Bipolar [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Arteriosclerosis, Coronary [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Health Care Associated Infection [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Intertrochanteric Fractures [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Hypercapnia A clinical manifestation of abnormal increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Blood Pressure, High [description not available] | 0 | 5.66 | 4 | 4 |
| Disease, Pulmonary [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Cells, Neoplasm Circulating [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Ankylosing Spondylarthritis [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Alveolar Bone Atrophy [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Bacterial Infections, Gram-Negative [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Local Neoplasm Recurrence [description not available] | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Anovulation Suspension or cessation of OVULATION in animals or humans with follicle-containing ovaries (OVARIAN FOLLICLE). Depending on the etiology, OVULATION may be induced with appropriate therapy. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Bipolar Disorder A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Coronary Artery Disease Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Cross Infection Any infection which a patient contracts in a health-care institution. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into two or more ions, to some extent, in water. Solutions of electrolytes thus conduct an electric current and can be decomposed by it (ELECTROLYSIS). (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Hip Fractures Fractures of the FEMUR HEAD; the FEMUR NECK; (FEMORAL NECK FRACTURES); the trochanters; or the inter- or subtrochanteric region. Excludes fractures of the acetabulum and fractures of the femoral shaft below the subtrochanteric region (FEMORAL FRACTURES). | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. | 0 | 5.66 | 4 | 4 |
| Lung Diseases Pathological processes involving any part of the LUNG. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Polycystic Ovary Syndrome A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH. | 0 | 7.35 | 13 | 9 |
| Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) | 0 | 4.13 | 3 | 1 |
| Spondylitis, Ankylosing A chronic inflammatory condition affecting the axial joints, such as the SACROILIAC JOINT and other intervertebral or costovertebral joints. It occurs predominantly in young males and is characterized by pain and stiffness of joints (ANKYLOSIS) with inflammation at tendon insertions. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Urinary Tract Infections Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Diabetes, Gestational Diabetes mellitus induced by PREGNANCY but resolved at the end of pregnancy. It does not include previously diagnosed diabetics who become pregnant (PREGNANCY IN DIABETICS). Gestational diabetes usually develops in late pregnancy when insulin antagonistic hormones peaks leading to INSULIN RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; and HYPERGLYCEMIA. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections Infections caused by bacteria that show up as pink (negative) when treated by the gram-staining method. | 0 | 3.56 | 1 | 1 |
| Aging The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time. | 0 | 4.52 | 5 | 1 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 4.23 | 6 | 0 |
| Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments. | 0 | 2.1 | 1 | 0 |
| Adjuvant Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 3.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available] | 0 | 3.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Loss, Osteoclastic [description not available] | 0 | 3.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated. | 0 | 3.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pancreas [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Ductal, Pancreatic [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available] | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA). | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal Carcinoma that arises from the PANCREATIC DUCTS. It accounts for the majority of cancers derived from the PANCREAS. | 0 | 2.15 | 1 | 0 |
| Metastase [description not available] | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site. | 0 | 2.04 | 1 | 0 |
| Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues. | 0 | 2.74 | 3 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Meningococcal, Serogroup A [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Meningitis, Meningococcal A fulminant infection of the meninges and subarachnoid fluid by the bacterium NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS, producing diffuse inflammation and peri-meningeal venous thromboses. Clinical manifestations include FEVER, nuchal rigidity, SEIZURES, severe HEADACHE, petechial rash, stupor, focal neurologic deficits, HYDROCEPHALUS, and COMA. The organism is usually transmitted via nasopharyngeal secretions and is a leading cause of meningitis in children and young adults. Organisms from Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, Y, and W-135 have been reported to cause meningitis. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp689-701; Curr Opin Pediatr 1998 Feb;10(1):13-8) | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| ALS - Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis [description not available] | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis A degenerative disorder affecting upper MOTOR NEURONS in the brain and lower motor neurons in the brain stem and SPINAL CORD. Disease onset is usually after the age of 50 and the process is usually fatal within 3 to 6 years. Clinical manifestations include progressive weakness, atrophy, FASCICULATION, hyperreflexia, DYSARTHRIA, dysphagia, and eventual paralysis of respiratory function. Pathologic features include the replacement of motor neurons with fibrous ASTROCYTES and atrophy of anterior SPINAL NERVE ROOTS and corticospinal tracts. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1089-94) | 0 | 2.07 | 1 | 0 |
| French Type Sialuria [description not available] | 0 | 2.02 | 1 | 0 |
| Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES. | 0 | 7.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Carbohydrate Metabolism, Inborn Error [description not available] | 0 | 2.66 | 3 | 0 |
| Cancer of Lung [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Cancer of Stomach [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Leukemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.36 | 2 | 0 |
| Absence Seizure [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Seizures Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder. | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Di Guglielmo Disease [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis Gravis [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcohol Abuse [description not available] | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Alcoholism A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4) | 0 | 2.39 | 2 | 0 |
| Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill. | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Leukemia L 1210 [description not available] | 0 | 1.98 | 1 | 0 |
| Group A Strep Infection [description not available] | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Streptococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STREPTOCOCCUS. | 0 | 2.4 | 2 | 0 |
| Bacterial Endocarditides [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Endocarditis, Bacterial Inflammation of the ENDOCARDIUM caused by BACTERIA that entered the bloodstream. The strains of bacteria vary with predisposing factors, such as CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS; HEART VALVE DISEASES; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; or intravenous drug use. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, B-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Classic Galactosemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Galactosemias A group of inherited enzyme deficiencies which feature elevations of GALACTOSE in the blood. This condition may be associated with deficiencies of GALACTOKINASE; UDPGLUCOSE-HEXOSE-1-PHOSPHATE URIDYLYLTRANSFERASE; or UDPGLUCOSE 4-EPIMERASE. The classic form is caused by UDPglucose-Hexose-1-Phosphate Uridylyltransferase deficiency, and presents in infancy with FAILURE TO THRIVE; VOMITING; and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. Affected individuals also may develop MENTAL RETARDATION; JAUNDICE; hepatosplenomegaly; ovarian failure (PRIMARY OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY); and cataracts. (From Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp61-3) | 0 | 1.95 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Hepatoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.88 | 4 | 0 |
| Brain Disorders [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Diseases Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Central Hypothyroidism [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Cancer of Pituitary [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hypothyroidism A syndrome that results from abnormally low secretion of THYROID HORMONES from the THYROID GLAND, leading to a decrease in BASAL METABOLIC RATE. In its most severe form, there is accumulation of MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES in the SKIN and EDEMA, known as MYXEDEMA. It may be primary or secondary due to other pituitary disease, or hypothalamic dysfunction. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Pituitary Neoplasms Neoplasms which arise from or metastasize to the PITUITARY GLAND. The majority of pituitary neoplasms are adenomas, which are divided into non-secreting and secreting forms. Hormone producing forms are further classified by the type of hormone they secrete. Pituitary adenomas may also be characterized by their staining properties (see ADENOMA, BASOPHIL; ADENOMA, ACIDOPHIL; and ADENOMA, CHROMOPHOBE). Pituitary tumors may compress adjacent structures, including the HYPOTHALAMUS, several CRANIAL NERVES, and the OPTIC CHIASM. Chiasmal compression may result in bitemporal HEMIANOPSIA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Alcoholic Intoxication An acute brain syndrome which results from the excessive ingestion of ETHANOL or ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Plasma Cell Tumor [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Plasmacytoma Any discrete, presumably solitary, mass of neoplastic PLASMA CELLS either in BONE MARROW or various extramedullary sites. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Glial Cell Tumors [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21) | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Corneal Diseases Diseases of the cornea. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available] | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS. | 0 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 |
| Experimental Mammary Neoplasms [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available] | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. | 0 | 2.37 | 2 | 0 |
| Hyperlipemia [description not available] | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperlipidemias Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |
| Nephrosis Pathological processes of the KIDNEY without inflammatory or neoplastic components. Nephrosis may be a primary disorder or secondary complication of other diseases. It is characterized by the NEPHROTIC SYNDROME indicating the presence of PROTEINURIA and HYPOALBUMINEMIA with accompanying EDEMA. | 0 | 1.96 | 1 | 0 |