| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
1-butanol
1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol;
primary alcohol;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent |
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity | antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite |
lauric acid
dodecanoic acid : A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid | algal metabolite;
antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite |
hydroxyproline
Hydroxyproline: A hydroxylated form of the imino acid proline. A deficiency in ASCORBIC ACID can result in impaired hydroxyproline formation.. hydroxyproline : A proline derivative that is proline substituted by at least one hydroxy group. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | 4-hydroxyproline;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite |
uridine
[no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | uridines | drug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite |
galactose
galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 4.91 | 11 | 0 | D-galactose;
galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
uridine triphosphate
Uridine Triphosphate: Uridine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate). A uracil nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate;
uridine 5'-phosphate | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
phthalic anhydride
phthalic anhydride : The cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride that is the anhydride of phthalic acid. | 7.13 | 1 | 0 | 2-benzofurans;
cyclic dicarboxylic anhydride | allergen |
furan
furan : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing four carbons and one oxygen, with formula C4H4O. It is a toxic, flammable, low-boiling (31degreeC) colourless liquid. | 7.06 | 1 | 0 | furans;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene | carcinogenic agent;
hepatotoxic agent;
Maillard reaction product |
piperidine
[no description available] | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | azacycloalkane;
piperidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
secondary amine | base;
catalyst;
human metabolite;
non-polar solvent;
plant metabolite;
protic solvent;
reagent |
ethambutol
Ethambutol: An antitubercular agent that inhibits the transfer of mycolic acids into the cell wall of the tubercle bacillus. It may also inhibit the synthesis of spermidine in mycobacteria. The action is usually bactericidal, and the drug can penetrate human cell membranes to exert its lethal effect. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, p863). ethambutol : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethane-1,2-diamine in which one hydrogen attached to each of the nitrogens is sutstituted by a 1-hydroxybutan-2-yl group (S,S-configuration). It is a bacteriostatic antimycobacterial drug, effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and some other mycobacteria. It is used (as the dihydrochloride salt) in combination with other antituberculous drugs in the treatment of pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis; resistant strains of M. tuberculosis are readily produced if ethambutol is used alone. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | ethanolamines;
ethylenediamine derivative | antitubercular agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic |
samarium
Samarium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Sm, atomic number 62, and atomic weight 150.36. The oxide is used in the control rods of some nuclear reactors. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom | |
galactosamine
2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | D-galactosamine;
primary amino compound | toxin |
stannic chloride
[no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
iodine
[no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | halide anion;
monoatomic iodine | human metabolite |
pyrrolidine
[no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | azacycloalkane;
pyrrolidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent | |
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical |
azides
Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor |
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope;
mouse metabolite |
4,5-dicyanoimidazole
imidazole-4,5-dicarbonitrile: structure in first source | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | | |
glucuronic acid
Glucuronic Acid: A sugar acid formed by the oxidation of the C-6 carbon of GLUCOSE. In addition to being a key intermediate metabolite of the uronic acid pathway, glucuronic acid also plays a role in the detoxification of certain drugs and toxins by conjugating with them to form GLUCURONIDES.. D-glucuronic acid : The D-enantiomer of glucuronic acid.. D-glucopyranuronic acid : A D-glucuronic acid in cyclic pyranose form. | 2.77 | 3 | 0 | D-glucuronic acid | algal metabolite |
xylose
xylopyranose: structure in first source | 3.32 | 6 | 0 | D-xylose | |
sperm motility inhibitor 2
[no description available] | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | | |
6-o-galactopyranosylgalactose
6-O-galactopyranosylgalactose: RN refers to (beta-D)-isomer | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | | |
arabinose
[no description available] | 12.4 | 82 | 0 | L-arabinose | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
glucosamine
D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | D-glucosamine | Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
mouse metabolite |
polygalacturonic acid
galacturonic acid: N1 same as NM; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-galactopyranuronic acid : The pyranose form of D-galacturonic acid. D-galacturonic acid : The D-enantiomer of galacturonic acid. It is the main component of pectin. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | D-galacturonic acid | |
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid. | 8.29 | 6 | 0 | ferulic acids | anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite |
pectins
Pectins: High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.. alpha-D-galacturonic acid : The alpha-anomer of D-galacturonic acid. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | D-galactopyranuronic acid | |
glycosides
[no description available] | 8.57 | 8 | 0 | | |
pyrophosphate
Diphosphates: Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | diphosphate ion | |
D-fructopyranose
[no description available] | 3.11 | 1 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal;
D-fructose;
fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
uridine diphosphate arabinose
uridine diphosphate arabinose: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | | |
galactomannan
galactomannan: a galectin inhibitor. galactomannan : A heteroglycan consisting of a mannan backbone with galactose side groups. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | oligosaccharide | |
nitrocatechol
nitrocatechol: structure in first source | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | | |
antithiamine factor
antithiamine factor: from mustard seed; structure | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycinnamic acid | |
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
ribose
ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose. | 7.43 | 2 | 0 | D-ribose;
ribopyranose | |
yessotoxin
yessotoxin: produced by dinoflagellates and accumulated in invertebrates (e.g., Patinopecten gessoensis also known as YESSO SCALLOP) that feed on them. RN given refers to parent compound | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | ciguatoxin | |
cellulose
DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | glycoside | |
arabinogalactan
[no description available] | 3.55 | 8 | 0 | | |
mannans
[no description available] | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | | |
glycolipids
[no description available] | 3 | 4 | 0 | | |
piperidines
Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | | |
decaprenyl phosphate
decaprenyl phosphate: required for membrane-derived oligosaccharide biosynthesis | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | polyprenol phosphate | |
araban
araban: contains arabinose & galactose | 3.73 | 10 | 0 | | |