Compounds > oleandrin
Page last updated: 2024-11-12

oleandrin

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

oleandrin: structure [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

oleandrin : A steroid saponin that consists of oleandrigenin having a 2,6-dideoxy-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-arabino-hexopyranosyl residue attached to the oxygen function at position 3. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID11541511
CHEMBL ID4285883
CHEBI ID59030
SCHEMBL ID25049
MeSH IDM0075525

Synonyms (56)

Synonym
(3beta,5beta,16beta)-16-acetoxy-3-[(2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-alpha-l-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy]-14-hydroxycard-20(22)-enolide
oleandrina
CHEBI:59030 ,
465-16-7
oleandrin
neriol
neriolin
corrigen
foliandrin
folinerin
neriostene
oleandrine
einecs 207-361-5
oleandrina [spanish]
(3beta,16beta)-16-(acetyloxy)-3-((2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-l-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-14-hydroxy card-20(22)-enolide
hsdb 3518
16beta-acetoxy-3beta-(2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-l-arabino-hexopyranosyloxy)-14-hydroxycard-20(22)-enolide
nsc 692219
card-20(22)-enolide, 16-(acetyloxy)-3-((2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-alpha-l-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-14-hydroxy-, (3-beta,5-beta,16-beta)-
card-20(22)-enolide, 16-(acetyloxy)-3-((2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-alpha-l-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-14-hydroxy-, (3beta,5beta,16beta)-
16beta-(acetyloxy)-3beta-((2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-l-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-14-hydroxycard-20-(22)-enolide
nsc-692219
ii95udu7i4 ,
unii-ii95udu7i4
C19987
oleandrin [who-dd]
card-20(22)-enolide, 16-(acetyloxy)-3-((2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-.alpha.-l-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-14-hydroxy-, (3.beta.,5.beta.,16.beta.)-
oleandrin [mi]
anvirzel
S6918
SCHEMBL25049
(3 beta,16 beta)-16-(acetyloxy)-3-((2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-l-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-14-hydroxy card-20(22)-enolide
HY-13719
CS-5505
AKOS032430539
oleandrigenin oleandroside
folinevin
dtxcid401474666
(3beta,5beta,16beta)-16-acetoxy-3-((2,6-dideoxy-3-o-methyl-alpha-l-arabino-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-14-hydroxycard-20(22)-enolide
(3beta,5beta,16beta)-16-(acetyloxy)-3-
oleandrin, >=98% (hplc)
pbi-05204
pbi 05204
1315607-79-4
DB12843
[(3s,5r,8r,9s,10s,13r,14s,16s,17r)-14-hydroxy-3-[(2r,4s,5s,6s)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(5-oxo-2h-furan-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl] acetate
[(3s,8r,9s,10s,13r,14s,16s,17r)-14-hydroxy-3-[(4s,5s,6s)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-10,13-dimethyl-17-(5-oxo-2h-furan-3-yl)-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl] acetate
Q411532
DTXSID40861950 ,
CHEMBL4285883
MS-30375
bdbm50465465
oleandrin (pbi-05204)
pbi-05204 (mixture of botanical compounds)
gtpl12618
pbi05204

Research Excerpts

Overview

Oleandrin is a monomeric compound extracted from leaves and seeds of Nerium oleander.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Oleandrin is a cardiac glycoside obtained from of N."( Glycoside oleandrin downregulates toll-like receptor pathway genes and associated miRNAs in human melanoma cells.
Dodurga, Y; Elmas, L; Eroğlu Güneş, C; Kurar, E; Seçer Çelik, F; Seçme, M, 2022)		1.85
"Oleandrin is a monomeric compound extracted from leaves and seeds of Nerium oleander. "( Oleandrin induces DNA damage responses in cancer cells by suppressing the expression of Rad51.
Bao, Z; Chen, Z; Feng, H; Li, W; Liang, Y; Shen, H; Tian, B; Wang, X; Ying, S, 2016)		3.32

Treatment

Oleandrin treatment resulted in selective inhibition of human cancer cell growth but not rodent cell proliferation. Treatment also induced the phosphorylation of PERK and eIF2α.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"oleandrin treatment also induced the phosphorylation of PERK and eIF2α."( Oleandrin induces apoptosis via activating endoplasmic reticulum stress in breast cancer cells.
Jiang, YH; Li, XX; Meng, FD; Sui, CG; Sun, SL; Wang, DQ; Zheng, J, 2020)		2.72
"Oleandrin treatment resulted in selective inhibition of human cancer cell growth but not rodent cell proliferation, which corresponded to the relative level of Na,K-ATPase alpha3 subunit protein expression."( Oleandrin-mediated inhibition of human tumor cell proliferation: importance of Na,K-ATPase alpha subunits as drug targets.
Cartwright, C; Chan, D; Dixon, S; Llansa, N; Mendoza, G; Menter, DG; Newman, RA; Suraokar, M; Yang, P, 2009)		2.52
"Oleandrin-treated cells exhibited time- and concentration-dependent staining with acridine orange, a lysosomal stain."( Autophagic cell death of human pancreatic tumor cells mediated by oleandrin, a lipid-soluble cardiac glycoside.
Cartwright, C; Chan, D; Dixon, S; Johansen, M; Kondo, Y; Newman, RA; Yang, P; Yokoyama, T, 2007)		1.3
"Treatment with oleandrin increased the number of apoptotic cells and led to nuclear pyknosis, fragmentation, and apoptotic body formation in breast cancer cells."( Oleandrin induces apoptosis via activating endoplasmic reticulum stress in breast cancer cells.
Jiang, YH; Li, XX; Meng, FD; Sui, CG; Sun, SL; Wang, DQ; Zheng, J, 2020)		2.34
"Treatment with oleandrin facilitated nuclear translocation of FKHR in human, but not murine cells by dephosphorylating Akt."( Oleandrin induces apoptosis in human, but not in murine cells: dephosphorylation of Akt, expression of FasL, and alteration of membrane fluidity.
Manna, SK; Raghavendra, PB; Sreenivasan, Y, 2007)		2.12

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Nerium oleander (No), is a toxic plant."( Cytotoxic effects of leaf, stem and root extracts of Nerium oleander on leukemia cell lines and role of the p-glycoprotein in this effect.
Akgün-Dar, K; Atasever, B; Carin, M; Kiliçaslan-Ayna, T; Kuruca, SE; Meriçli, F; Seyhan, VG; Turan, N, 2006)		0.33
" Grade ≥ 3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 63."( A Phase II, Single-Arm, Open-Label, Bayesian Adaptive Efficacy and Safety Study of PBI-05204 in Patients with Stage IV Metastatic Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.
Berlin, J; Borazanci, EH; Cardin, DB; Newman, RA; Picozzi, VJ; Rosemury, A; Roth, MT; Steinbach, M; Wadlow, RC, 2020)		0.56

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Oleandrin was rapidly absorbed after oral dosing (Cmax at 20 min) although the elimination half-life was longer (2."( Murine pharmacokinetics and metabolism of oleandrin, a cytotoxic component of Nerium oleander.
Felix, E; Ho, DH; Johansen, M; Madden, TL; Newman, RA; Ni, D, )		1.31

Compound-Compound Interactions

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Selected cardiac glycosides were tested in combination with four clinically relevant cytotoxic drugs (5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, cisplatin, irinotecan)."( Cytotoxic effects of cardiac glycosides in colon cancer cells, alone and in combination with standard chemotherapeutic drugs.
Bohlin, L; Felth, J; Fryknäs, M; Gullbo, J; Lindskog, M; Rickardson, L; Rosén, J; Wickström, M, 2009)		0.35
"In the majority of the cell lines tested, lower concentrations of Anvirzel™ induced a synergistic effect when combined with low concentrations of Cisplatin after an incubation period of 48 to 72 h."( Anvirzel™ in combination with cisplatin in breast, colon, lung, prostate, melanoma and pancreatic cancer cell lines.
Apostolou, P; Chatziioannou, M; Ioannou, E; Knocke, DR; Komiotis, D; Nester, J; Papasotiriou, I; Toloudi, M, 2013)		0.39

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"h/ml), respectively, resulting in an oral bioavailability of approximately 30%."( Murine pharmacokinetics and metabolism of oleandrin, a cytotoxic component of Nerium oleander.
Felix, E; Ho, DH; Johansen, M; Madden, TL; Newman, RA; Ni, D, )		0.4

Dosage Studied

Oleandrin, ouabain, and digoxin in the used dosage do not present therapeutic potential for the treatment of congestive heart failure.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Oleandrin was rapidly absorbed after oral dosing (Cmax at 20 min) although the elimination half-life was longer (2."( Murine pharmacokinetics and metabolism of oleandrin, a cytotoxic component of Nerium oleander.
Felix, E; Ho, DH; Johansen, M; Madden, TL; Newman, RA; Ni, D, )		1.31
" It is concluded that the glycosides oleandrin, ouabain, and digoxin in the used dosage do not present therapeutic potential for the treatment of congestive heart failure caused by doxorubicin."( Comparative Therapeutic Potential of Cardioactive Glycosides in Doxorubicin Model of Heart Failure.
Botelho, AFM; Canta, GN; da Cruz, JPO; da Silva Ferreira, R; Fernandes, PBU; Lempek, MR; Mantovani, MM; Melo, MM; Silva, FLA; Veado, JCC, 2022)		0.99
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (4)

ClassDescription
cardenolide glycosideAny member of the class of cardenolides with glycosyl residues attached to position 3.
14beta-hydroxy steroidA 14-hydroxy steroid in which the hydroxy group has a beta-configuration.
steroid ester
steroid saponinAny saponin derived from a hydroxysteroid.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (1)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1Mus musculus (house mouse)IC50 (µMol)0.12000.12000.12000.1200AID1410576
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Ceullar Components (7)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
Golgi membraneNeurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1Mus musculus (house mouse)
extracellular regionNeurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1Mus musculus (house mouse)
nucleoplasmNeurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1Mus musculus (house mouse)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneNeurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1Mus musculus (house mouse)
cytosolNeurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1Mus musculus (house mouse)
plasma membraneNeurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1Mus musculus (house mouse)
endosome membraneNeurogenic locus notch homolog protein 1Mus musculus (house mouse)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (29)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1570107Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by resazurin dye based assay
AID1570125Inhibition of porcine kidney Na+/K+-ATPase at 50 uM preincubated for 2 mins followed by ATP addition and measured after 6 mins by bagin-sky assay relative to Olean-drigenin
AID1410589Inhibition of doxycycline-induced recombinant mouse N-terminal FLAG-tagged Notch1 (1704 to 2531 residues) activation expressed in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in NCID expression after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410584Cytotoxicity against human HPBALL cells after 72 hrs by alamar blue dye based fluorescence assay2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410590Inhibition of doxycycline-induced recombinant mouse N-terminal FLAG-tagged Notch1 (1704 to 2531 residues) activation expressed in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in NCID expression at 0.5 uM after 12 hrs in presence of proteasome inhibitor MG132 2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410577Effect on Notch1 mRNA expression in human HPBALL cells at 0.1 to 0.5 uM measured after 12 hrs2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410579Down regulation of Notch1 expression in human HPBALL cells at 0.5 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410585Down regulation of Notch1 expression in human HPBALL cells at 0.5 uM after 12 hrs in presence of proteasome inhibitor MG132 by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410578Inhibition of Notch1 in human HPBALL cells assessed as reduction in NICD expression at 0.5 uM after 12 hrs in presence of proteasome inhibitor MG132 by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410576Inhibition of recombinant mouse N-terminal FLAG-tagged Notch1 (1704 to 2531 residues) expressed in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in doxycycline-induced NICD expression after 12 hrs by Bright-Glo luciferase reporter gene assay2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410582Inhibition of Notch1 in human HPBALL cells assessed as reduction in NICD expression after 72 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410580Inhibition of Notch1 in human HPBALL cells assessed as reduction in HES1 expression after 72 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1740504Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by resazurin assay
AID1570110Antiproliferative activity against human Hep3B cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by resazurin dye based assay
AID1410588Inhibition of doxycycline-induced Notch1 (1704 to 2531 residues) expression in human LS174T cells after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1410587Inhibition of doxycycline-induced recombinant mouse N-terminal FLAG-tagged Notch1 (1704 to 2531 residues) activation expressed in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in Hes5 level at 0.05 to 0.3 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1740503Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by resazurin assay
AID1410581Inhibition of Notch1 in human HPBALL cells assessed as reduction in NICD expression at 0.5 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1740501Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by resazurin assay
AID1570112Inhibition of porcine kidney Na+/K+-ATPase assessed as residual activity at 50 uM preincubated for 2 mins followed by ATP addition and measured after 6 mins by bagin-sky assay relative to untreated control
AID1740502Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability incubated for 72 hrs by resazurin assay
AID1410583Cytotoxicity against HEK293 cells after 72 hrs by fluorescence assay2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1740505Inhibition of porcine kidney Na+/K+ ATPase at 50 uM assessed as enzyme residual activity using ATP as substrate incubated for 2 mins followed by substrate addition and measured after 6 mins (Rvb = 100 +/-3.16%)
AID1570109Antiproliferative activity against human A2780 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by resazurin dye based assay
AID1570111Cytotoxicity against human BJ cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by resazurin dye based assay
AID1410586Inhibition of doxycycline-induced recombinant mouse N-terminal FLAG-tagged Notch1 (1704 to 2531 residues) activation expressed in human LS174T cells assessed as reduction in Hes1 level at 0.05 to 0.3 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2018Journal of natural products, 05-25, Volume: 81, Issue:5
The Notch Inhibitors Isolated from Nerium indicum.
AID1570106Antiproliferative activity against human CEM cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by resazurin dye based assay
AID1570108Antiproliferative activity against human HeLa cells assessed as reduction in cell viability after 72 hrs by resazurin dye based assay
AID1159550Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening2015Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (103)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19907 (6.80)18.7374
1990's12 (11.65)18.2507
2000's35 (33.98)29.6817
2010's30 (29.13)24.3611
2020's19 (18.45)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 48.53

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index48.53 (24.57)
Research Supply Index4.71 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.92 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index74.96 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (48.53)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials3 (2.80%)5.53%
Reviews5 (4.67%)6.00%
Case Studies17 (15.89%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other82 (76.64%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.02102-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
pyruvic acid
Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.		2.02102-oxo monocarboxylic acidcofactor;
fundamental metabolite
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		2.0310aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
gentamicin
Gentamicins: A complex of closely related aminoglycosides obtained from MICROMONOSPORA purpurea and related species. They are broad-spectrum antibiotics, but may cause ear and kidney damage. They act to inhibit PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS.		7.0310
protopine
[no description available]		210dibenzazecine alkaloidplant metabolite
sanguinarine
benzophenanthridine alkaloid : A specific group of isoquinoline alkaloids that occur only in higher plants and are constituents mainly of the Papaveraceae family.		210alkaloid antibiotic;
benzophenanthridine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent
rotenone
Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.		2.2510organic heteropentacyclic compound;
rotenones		antineoplastic agent;
metabolite;
mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor;
phytogenic insecticide;
piscicide;
toxin
thiazoles
[no description available]		2.03101,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
oleanolic acid
[no description available]		2.1310hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid
glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.		210enone;
glucosiduronic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tricarboxylic acid;
triterpenoid saponin		EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
camptothecin
NSC 100880: carboxylate (opened lactone) form of camptothecin; RN refers to (S)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0510delta-lactone;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
quinoline alkaloid;
tertiary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
irinotecan
[no description available]		2.0510carbamate ester;
delta-lactone;
N-acylpiperidine;
pyranoindolizinoquinoline;
ring assembly;
tertiary alcohol;
tertiary amino compound		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
prodrug
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.		1.9210D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
thiazolyl blue
thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.		2.0310organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
odoroside
odoroside: obtained from Nerium oleander extract; structure in first source		8.8730
cinobufotalin
cinobufotalin: RN given refers to (3beta,5beta,15beta,16beta)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 4/90		6.9910
glycogen
glycogen : A polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucopyranose residues in alpha(1->4) glycosidic linkage, joined together by alpha(1->6) glycosidic linkages. A small number of alpha(1->3) glycosidic linkages and some cumulative alpha(1->6) links also may occur. The branches in glycogen typically contain 8 to 12 glucose residues.		2.0210
ouabain
Ouabain: A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like DIGITALIS. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE.. cardiac glycoside : Steroid lactones containing sugar residues that act on the contractile force of the cardiac muscles.. ouabain : A steroid hormone that is a multi-hydroxylated alpha-L-rhamnosyl cardenoloide. It binds to and inhibits the plasma membrane Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (sodium pump). It has been isolated naturally from Strophanthus gratus.		8.276011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
14beta-hydroxy steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
cardenolide glycoside;
steroid hormone		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 2.3.3.1 [citrate (Si)-synthase] inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
plant metabolite
digitoxin
Digitoxin: A cardiac glycoside sometimes used in place of DIGOXIN. It has a longer half-life than digoxin; toxic effects, which are similar to those of digoxin, are longer lasting. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p665). digitoxin : A cardenolide glycoside in which the 3beta-hydroxy group of digitoxigenin carries a 2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo-hexopyranosyl trisaccharide chain.		3.3670cardenolide glycosideEC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor
convallatoxin
convallatoxin: PI: *CONVALLARIA (73-79). convallatoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that consists of strophanthidin having a 6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl (L-rhamnosyl) group attached at position 3.		2.472014beta-hydroxy steroid;
19-oxo steroid;
5beta-hydroxy steroid;
alpha-L-rhamnoside;
steroid aldehyde;
steroid lactone		metabolite;
vasodilator agent
n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine
N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor.		2.0310tripeptide
dactinomycin
Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)		2.0310actinomycinmutagen
glycosides
[no description available]		2.6630
digoxin
Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.		4.32190cardenolide glycoside;
steroid saponin		anti-arrhythmia drug;
cardiotonic drug;
EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
epitope
cystine
[no description available]		2.0310
digitoxigenin
Digitoxigenin: 3 beta,14-Dihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digitoxin. Synonyms: Cerberigenin; Echujetin; Evonogenin; Thevetigenin.. digitoxigenin : A 5beta-cardenolide that is 5beta-cardanolide with hydroxy substituents at the 3beta- and 14beta-positions and double bond unsaturation at C(20)-C(22).		2.692014beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid
sphingosine
sphing-4-enine : A sphingenine in which the C=C double bond is located at the 4-position.. sphingenine : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having (2S,3R)-configuration.. sphingoid : Sphinganine, its homologs and stereoisomers, and the hydroxy and unsaturated derivatives of these compounds.. 2-aminooctadec-4-ene-1,3-diol : A 2-aminooctadecene-1,3-diol having its double bond at position 4.		2.0310sphing-4-eninehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
proscillaridin
Proscillaridin: A cardiotonic glycoside isolated from Scilla maritima var. alba (Squill).		2.0510organic molecular entity
diphenylhexatriene
Diphenylhexatriene: A fluorescent compound that emits light only in specific configurations in certain lipid media. It is used as a tool in the study of membrane lipids.		2.0310alkatrienefluorochrome
bufalin
bufalin: cardiotonic; powerful anesthetic & one of the active constituents of the Chinese drug ch'an su(senso); in Japan prepared from skin of Bufo bufo garfarizans; RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer. bufalin : A 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo.		7.42014beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid		animal metabolite;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
cardiotonic drug
oleandrigenin
oleandrigenin: RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer; structure. oleandrigenin : A steroid ester that is the 16-acetyl derivative of gitoxigenin.		3.397014beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
steroid ester		EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
metabolite
mitoquinone
mitoquinone: has antineoplastic activity		7.2510
n-monoacetylcystine
N-monoacetylcystine: antidote for paracetamol poisoning		2.0310
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		2.4920
ubiquinone
Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.		2.2510
interleukin-8
Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.		2.4620
epidermal growth factor
Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.		2.0310
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone
benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone: an interleukin-1beta converting enzyme (ICE)-like protease inhibitor		2.1310
cyclosporine
Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).		2.0310
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		06.1862
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		06.1862
Cardiac Remodeling, Ventricular
[description not available]		02.7220
Cardiac Toxicity
[description not available]		02.7220
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		03.0740
Cardiac Failure
[description not available]		02.6530
Heart Failure
A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.		02.6530
Cardiotoxicity
Damage to the HEART or its function secondary to exposure to toxic substances such as drugs used in CHEMOTHERAPY; IMMUNOTHERAPY; or RADIATION.		07.7220
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		03.3310
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		03.3310
Malignant Melanoma
[description not available]		02.520
Melanoma
A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)		02.520
Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease
[description not available]		02.2510
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease
[description not available]		02.2510
Parkinson Disease
A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)		02.2510
Parkinsonian Disorders
A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.		02.2510
Plant Poisoning
Poisoning by the ingestion of plants or its leaves, berries, roots or stalks. The manifestations in both humans and animals vary in severity from mild to life threatening. In animals, especially domestic animals, it is usually the result of ingesting moldy or fermented forage.		03.6490
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		08.7630
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		03.7630
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.2510
Cardiac Diseases
[description not available]		02.2510
Heart Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.		02.2510
Necrosis
The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply.		02.4920
Bovine Diseases
[description not available]		02.2510
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease
[description not available]		02.3110
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.7830
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.7830
Apoplexy
[description not available]		03.7230
Astrocytoma, Grade IV
[description not available]		03.0910
Glioblastoma
A malignant form of astrocytoma histologically characterized by pleomorphism of cells, nuclear atypia, microhemorrhage, and necrosis. They may arise in any region of the central nervous system, with a predilection for the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, and commissural pathways. Clinical presentation most frequently occurs in the fifth or sixth decade of life with focal neurologic signs or seizures.		08.0910
Stroke
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)		03.7230
Osteogenic Sarcoma
[description not available]		02.8530
Osteosarcoma
A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)		02.8530
Invasiveness, Neoplasm
[description not available]		03.4620
Bone Cancer
[description not available]		02.5520
Bone Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.		02.5520
Edema, Pulmonary
[description not available]		02.2110
Pulmonary Edema
Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.		02.2110
Poisoning
Used with drugs, chemicals, and industrial materials for human or animal poisoning, acute or chronic, whether the poisoning is accidental, occupational, suicidal, by medication error, or by environmental exposure.		02.4620
Auricular Fibrillation
[description not available]		02.1110
Food Poisoning
[description not available]		02.1110
Atrial Fibrillation
Abnormal cardiac rhythm that is characterized by rapid, uncoordinated firing of electrical impulses in the upper chambers of the heart (HEART ATRIA). In such case, blood cannot be effectively pumped into the lower chambers of the heart (HEART VENTRICLES). It is caused by abnormal impulse generation.		02.1110
Asystole
[description not available]		02.3920
A-V Dissociation
[description not available]		02.4320
MODS
[description not available]		02.0410
Diabetes Mellitus
A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.		02.0410
Heart Arrest
Cessation of heart beat or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. If it is treated within a few minutes, heart arrest can be reversed in most cases to normal cardiac rhythm and effective circulation.		02.3920
Multiple Organ Failure
A progressive condition usually characterized by combined failure of several organs such as the lungs, liver, kidney, along with some clotting mechanisms, usually postinjury or postoperative.		02.0410
Ventricular Fibrillation
A potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmia that is characterized by uncoordinated extremely rapid firing of electrical impulses (400-600/min) in HEART VENTRICLES. Such asynchronous ventricular quivering or fibrillation prevents any effective cardiac output and results in unconsciousness (SYNCOPE). It is one of the major electrocardiographic patterns seen with CARDIAC ARREST.		02.3920
B16 Melanoma
[description not available]		02.4220
Anoxemia
[description not available]		02.0610
Hypoxia
Sub-optimal OXYGEN levels in the ambient air of living organisms.		02.0610
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.		07.0810
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell
[description not available]		05.0331
Cancer of Prostate
[description not available]		03.1150
Adenocarcinoma
A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.		05.0331
Prostatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE.		03.1150
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		02.9340
Cardiac Hypertrophy
Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.		01.9310
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.		01.9310
Anasarca
[description not available]		02.0210
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		02.4320
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		02.0210
Hyperplasia
An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.		02.0210
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		02.4320
Anterior Fascicular Block
[description not available]		02.0210
Palmoplantaris Pustulosis
[description not available]		02.0210
Psoriasis
A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis.		02.0210
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung
[description not available]		02.0310
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		02.0310
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.		02.0310
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		14.0310
Leucocythaemia
[description not available]		02.0310
Leukemia
A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)		02.0310
Aging
The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.		07.4420
Cancer of Pancreas
[description not available]		05.0831
Pancreatic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).		05.0831
Arrhythmia
[description not available]		01.9910
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.		01.9910
Bradyarrhythmia
[description not available]		01.9910
Emesis
[description not available]		01.9910
Bradycardia
Cardiac arrhythmias that are characterized by excessively slow HEART RATE, usually below 50 beats per minute in human adults. They can be classified broadly into SINOATRIAL NODE dysfunction and ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK.		01.9910
Vomiting
The forcible expulsion of the contents of the STOMACH through the MOUTH.		01.9910
Cognition Disorders
Disorders characterized by disturbances in mental processes related to learning, thinking, reasoning, and judgment.		02.0510
Anankastic Personality
[description not available]		02.0510
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent, persistent obsessions or compulsions. Obsessions are the intrusive ideas, thoughts, or images that are experienced as senseless or repugnant. Compulsions are repetitive and seemingly purposeful behavior which the individual generally recognizes as senseless and from which the individual does not derive pleasure although it may provide a release from tension.		02.0510
Blue-Eared Pig Disease
[description not available]		02.0310
Enzootic Pneumonia of Pigs
[description not available]		02.0310
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System
[description not available]		02.1310
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.		02.1310