beta-solamarine

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

beta-solamarine: RN given refers to (3beta,22beta,25S)-isomer; structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	168971
CHEBI ID	189918
MeSH ID	M0087233

Synonyms (9)

Synonym
3671-38-3
beta-solamarine
CHEBI:189918
(2s,3r,4r,5r,6s)-2-[(2r,3s,4s,5r,6r)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(1s,2s,4s,5's,6s,7s,8r,9s,12s,13r,16s)-5',7,9,13-tetramethylspiro[5-oxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icos-18-ene-6,2'-piperidine]-16-yl]oxy-5-[(2s,3r,4r,5r,6s)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-met
beta-d-glucopyranoside, (3beta,22beta,25s)-spirosol-5-en-3-yl o-6-deoxy-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl-(1-2)-o-(6-deoxy-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl-(1-4))-
nsc 94735
DTXSID601104299
(3beta,22beta,25s)-spirosol-5-en-3-yl o-6-deoxy-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl-(1-->2)-o-[6-deoxy-alpha-l-mannopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-d-glucopyranoside
AKOS040762352

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The results suggested that topical SR-T100 gel may be an effective and safe treatment for field therapy of AK."	( Efficacy and safety of topical SR-T100 gel in treating actinic keratosis in Taiwan: A Phase III randomized double-blind vehicle-controlled parallel trial. Chang, CH; Chi, CC; Hong, CH; Lai, FJ; Lan, CE; Lee, CH; Lin, SH; Lin, TK; Sheu, HM; Wong, TW; Wu, CH; Yang, CC; Yen, H, 2018)	0.48

Pharmacokinetics

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The practical utility of the aforementioned method was successfully confirmed in the pharmacokinetic evaluation of solamargine in Sprague-Dawley rats after intravenous administration."	( Quantitative determination and pharmacokinetic study of solamargine in rat plasma by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Cao, L; Chen, J; Liang, Y; Wang, G; Xiao, W; Xie, L; Xu, L; Zhang, Y; Zhao, L; Zheng, X, 2011)	0.37

Dosage Studied

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Dose-response curves confirmed these differential effects."	( Interactions between the glycoalkaloids solasonine and solamargine in relation to inhibition of fungal growth. Fewell, AM; Roddick, JG; Weissenberg, M, 1994)	0.29

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

Class	Description
steroid saponin	Any saponin derived from a hydroxysteroid.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (63)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	2 (3.17)	18.7374
1990's	8 (12.70)	18.2507
2000's	14 (22.22)	29.6817
2010's	32 (50.79)	24.3611
2020's	7 (11.11)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 11.09

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	11.09 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	4.19 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	5.28 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (11.09)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	2 (3.17%)	5.53%
Reviews	2 (3.17%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (1.59%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	58 (92.06%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.	2.06	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent
metformin Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.	2.54	2	0	guanidines	environmental contaminant; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; xenobiotic
pyocyanine Pyocyanine: Antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.. pyocyanine : An iminium betaine that is 5-methylphenazin-5-ium which is substituted at position 1 by an oxidanidyl group. An antibiotic pigment produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.	2.31	1	0	iminium betaine; phenazines	antibacterial agent; bacterial metabolite; biological pigment; virulence factor
rhamnose [no description available]	2.42	2	0	L-rhamnose
epirubicin Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.	2.73	3	0	aminoglycoside; anthracycline antibiotic; anthracycline; deoxy hexoside; monosaccharide derivative; p-quinones; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
solanidine solanidine: derivative of DIOSGENIN that can rearrange to SOLANINE	3.05	1	0	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; solanid-5-en-3-ol; steroid alkaloid fundamental parent	plant metabolite; toxin
diosgenin [no description available]	3.8	3	0	3beta-sterol; hexacyclic triterpenoid; sapogenin; spiroketal	antineoplastic agent; antiviral agent; apoptosis inducer; metabolite
gefitinib [no description available]	2.6	1	0	aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; monofluorobenzenes; morpholines; quinazolines; secondary amino compound; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	2.06	1	0	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sorafenib [no description available]	2.41	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas; pyridinecarboxamide	angiogenesis inhibitor; anticoronaviral agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
solanine Solanine: A mixture of alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, found in SOLANACEAE plants.. solanine : A glycoalkaloid poison found in species of the nightshade family (Solanaceae), such as the potato (Solanum tuberosum). It is a trisccharide derivative of solanidine [(22beta)-solanid-5-en-3beta-ol].	3.8	3	0
bortezomib [no description available]	2.41	1	0	amino acid amide; L-phenylalanine derivative; pyrazines	antineoplastic agent; antiprotozoal drug; protease inhibitor; proteasome inhibitor
furostanol i furostanol I: from Dioscorea deltoidea; intermediate in in vivo diosgenin biosynthesis; structure given in first source. protodioscin : A spirostanyl glycoside that consists of the trisaccharide alpha-L-Rha-(1->4)-[alpha-L-Rha-(1->2)]-beta-D-Glc attached to position 3 of 26-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3beta,22-dihydroxyfurost-5-ene via a glycosidic linkage. Found in several plant species including yams, asparagus and funugreek.	2.07	1	0	beta-D-glucoside; cyclic hemiketal; pentacyclic triterpenoid; steroid saponin; trisaccharide derivative	metabolite
alpha-chaconine alpha-chaconine: glycoside of solanidine; structure in 5th source	3.05	1	0	glycoalkaloid; steroid saponin
glycosides [no description available]	5.02	9	1
u 0126 U 0126: protein kinase kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	2.21	1	0	aryl sulfide; dinitrile; enamine; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor; osteogenesis regulator; vasoconstrictor agent
hydroxyethylcellulose hydroxyethylcellulose: component of contact lens wetting solutions; aldiamed is an artificial saliva; RN given refers to parent cpd. hydroxyethylcellulose : A polysaccharide derivative that is cellulose in which hydroxyethyl groups are bound to some of the hydroxyl groups of the glucopyranose monomers.	2.1	1	0
1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol Peceol: lipid excipient containing readily dispersible mixture of mono- & diglycerides of oleic acid. 1-oleoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride where the acyl group is oleoyl.. monooleoylglycerol : A monoglyceride in which the acyl group is oleoyl with the position of acylation unspecified.	2.1	1	0	1-acylglycerol 18:1; monooleoylglycerol	plant metabolite
beta-escin [no description available]	2.07	1	0
phytosterols Phytosterols: A class of organic compounds known as sterols or STEROIDS derived from plants.. phytosterols : Sterols similar to cholesterol which occur in plants and vary only in carbon side chains and/or presence or absence of a double bond.	5.26	12	1
cytochrome c-t Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.	2.06	1	0
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	2.1	1	0	glycoside
edetic acid solasodine: RN given refers to (3beta,22alpha,25R)-isomer; structure. solasodine : An oxaspiro compound and steroid alkaloid sapogenin with formula C27H43NO2 found in the Solanum (nightshade) family. It is used as a precursor in the synthesis of complex steroidal compounds such as contraceptive pills.	4.62	8	0
khasianine khasianine: structure in first source	2.96	4	0

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	3.43	7	0
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	3.19	5	0
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	3.43	7	0
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	3.19	5	0
Kahler Disease [description not available]	2.41	1	0
Multiple Myeloma A malignancy of mature PLASMA CELLS engaging in monoclonal immunoglobulin production. It is characterized by hyperglobulinemia, excess Bence-Jones proteins (free monoclonal IMMUNOGLOBULIN LIGHT CHAINS) in the urine, skeletal destruction, bone pain, and fractures. Other features include ANEMIA; HYPERCALCEMIA; and RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.	2.41	1	0
Carcinoma, Non-Small Cell Lung [description not available]	3.37	6	0
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	3.69	9	0
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung A heterogeneous aggregate of at least three distinct histological types of lung cancer, including SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; ADENOCARCINOMA; and LARGE CELL CARCINOMA. They are dealt with collectively because of their shared treatment strategy.	3.37	6	0
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	3.69	9	0
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma A carcinoma that originates in the EPITHELIUM of the NASOPHARYNX and includes four subtypes: keratinizing squamous cell, non-keratinizing, basaloid squamous cell, and PAPILLARY ADENOCARCINOMA. It is most prevalent in Southeast Asian populations and is associated with EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS INFECTIONS. Somatic mutations associated with this cancer have been identified in NPCR, BAP1, UBAP1, ERBB2, ERBB3, MLL2, PIK3CA, KRAS, NRAS, and ARID1A genes.	2.25	1	0
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	2.25	1	0
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.25	1	0
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	2.25	1	0
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	3.42	2	0
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	3.42	2	0
Actinic Keratosis [description not available]	3.56	1	1
Keratosis, Actinic White or pink lesions on the arms, hands, face, or scalp that arise from sun-induced DNA DAMAGE to KERATINOCYTES in exposed areas. They are considered precursor lesions to superficial SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA.	3.56	1	1
Cancer of Pancreas [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Invasiveness, Neoplasm [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Pancreatic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PANCREAS. Depending on the types of ISLET CELLS present in the tumors, various hormones can be secreted: GLUCAGON from PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS; INSULIN from PANCREATIC BETA CELLS; and SOMATOSTATIN from the SOMATOSTATIN-SECRETING CELLS. Most are malignant except the insulin-producing tumors (INSULINOMA).	2.21	1	0
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	2.21	1	0
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	2.21	1	0
B16 Melanoma [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer [description not available]	2.13	1	0
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant Tumors or cancer of the PROSTATE which can grow in the presence of low or residual amount of androgen hormones such as TESTOSTERONE.	2.13	1	0
Breast Cancer [description not available]	2.73	3	0
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	2.73	3	0
Bleb [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	3.8	2	1
Di Guglielmo Disease [description not available]	2.46	2	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	3.8	2	1
Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute A myeloproliferative disorder characterized by neoplastic proliferation of erythroblastic and myeloblastic elements with atypical erythroblasts and myeloblasts in the peripheral blood.	2.46	2	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.06	1	0
Bone Cancer [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES.	2.06	1	0
Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.06	1	0
Bowen Disease [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Cancer of Penis [description not available]	2.06	1	0
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	3.8	2	1
Penile Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the PENIS or of its component tissues.	2.06	1	0
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	3.8	2	1
Sarcoma 180 An experimental sarcoma of mice.	2.07	1	0
Delayed Effects, Prenatal Exposure [description not available]	2.02	1	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	2.42	2	0
Adenocarcinoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	2.04	1	0
Adenocarcinoma A malignant epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	2.04	1	0
Carcinoma, Basal Cell, Pigmented [description not available]	3.36	1	1
Keratoderma Blennorrhagicum [description not available]	3.36	1	1
Condition, Preneoplastic [description not available]	3.36	1	1
Carcinoma, Basal Cell A malignant skin neoplasm that seldom metastasizes but has potentialities for local invasion and destruction. Clinically it is divided into types: nodular, cicatricial, morphaic, and erythematoid (pagetoid). They develop on hair-bearing skin, most commonly on sun-exposed areas. Approximately 85% are found on the head and neck area and the remaining 15% on the trunk and limbs. (From DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1471)	3.36	1	1
Keratosis Any horny growth such as a wart or callus.	3.36	1	1
Precancerous Conditions Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.	3.36	1	1

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