Compounds > decanoic acid
Page last updated: 2024-12-04

decanoic acid

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Description

Decanoic acid, also known as capric acid, is a saturated fatty acid with the formula CH3(CH2)8COOH. It is a colorless, oily liquid with a strong, pungent odor. Decanoic acid is found naturally in coconut oil and palm kernel oil, as well as in other fats and oils. It is also produced commercially by the oxidation of decanol. Decanoic acid has a number of industrial applications, including the production of plasticizers, lubricants, and surfactants. It is also used as a flavoring agent and as an ingredient in cosmetics. Decanoic acid is being studied for its potential health benefits, including its ability to reduce cholesterol levels and to improve insulin sensitivity. It is also being investigated for its potential use in the treatment of cancer and other diseases.'

decanoate : A fatty acid anion 10:0 that is the conjugate base of decanoic acid. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

decanoic acid : A C10, straight-chain saturated fatty acid. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID2969
CHEMBL ID107498
CHEBI ID30813
SCHEMBL ID2682
MeSH IDM0097900

Synonyms (135)

Synonym
1-nonanecarboxylic acid
n-decanoic acid
caprynic acid
n-decylic acid
n-decoic acid
capric acid
caprinic acid
decoic acid
nsc5025
wln: qv9
nsc-5025
n-decylate
CHEBI:30813 ,
n-caprate
decoate
kaprinsaeure
n-decoate
1-nonanecarboxylate
ch3-[ch2]8-cooh
decanoic acid anion
decylate
caprynate
c10:0
dekansaeure
versatic 10
ai3-04453
ccris 4610
econosan acid sanitizer
nsc 5025
hsdb 2751
einecs 206-376-4
brn 1754556
epa pesticide chemical code 128955
hexacid 1095
decanoic acid (natural)
fema no. 2364
lead caprate
dka ,
inchi=1/c10h20o2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10(11)12/h2-9h2,1h3,(h,11,12
NCGC00091320-01
n-capric acid
decanoic acid
decanoate
334-48-5
decylic acid
C01571
decanoic acid, >=98%, fcc, fg
decanoic acid, >=98.0%
decanoic acid, natural, >=98%, fcc, fg
DB03600
LMFA01010010
NCGC00091320-02
MLS002415724
smr001252255
98230577-0D20-4F70-B532-00AC60132CFE
D0017
decanoic acid, lead (2+) salt
BMSE000370
CHEMBL107498
FT-0665533
FT-0665532
AKOS000119623
NCGC00091320-03
NCGC00091320-04
C-1095 ,
dtxcid201554
tox21_113533
cas-334-48-5
tox21_300366
NCGC00254437-01
NCGC00259758-01
dtxsid9021554 ,
tox21_202209
HMS2267B15
unii-4g9edb6v73
4g9edb6v73 ,
4-02-00-01041 (beilstein handbook reference)
capric acid (constituent of saw palmetto) [dsc]
n-capric acid [who-dd]
decanoic acid [fcc]
n-capric acid [mi]
prifac-2906
capric acid [inci]
decanoic acid [hsdb]
palmac-99-10
decanoic acid [fhfi]
S6906
gtpl5532
SCHEMBL2682
fatty acid 10:0
emery 659
prifrac 296
nonane-1-carboxylic acid
1-decanoic acid
nonanecarboxylic acid
NCGC00091320-05
W-202368
mfcd00004441
STL445666
decanoic acid, >=98.0% (gc)
decanoic acid, analytical standard
decanoic acid, 96%
fa 10:0
fa(10:0)
lunac 10-95
lunac 10-98
prifac 2906
prifac 296
HY-W015309
CS-W016025
SY061635
AS-14704
Q422613
1-(s)- cis 9-aminooctahydro-10-oxo-6h-pyridazino[1,2-a][1,2]diazepine-1-carboxylic acid, t-butyl ester
D70225
B1334-066368
A875289
(1(1)(3)c)decanoic acid
EN300-19724
BP-27911
1-nonane carboxylic acid
docansaure
decansaure (altstoff)
ch3-(ch2)8-cooh
usepa/opp pesticide code: 128955
decatoic acid
prifrac 2906
decansaure
capric acid (constituent of saw palmetto)
decansaeure
naa 102
decansaeure (altstoff)
caprinsaure
is_d19-decanoic acid
Z104474944

Research Excerpts

Overview

Decanoic acid acts as a non-competitive antagonist at therapeutically relevant concentrations. It is an ideal substrate for the synthesis of medium-chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate (MCL-PHA)

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Decanoic acid is a valuable compound used as precursor for industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels. "( Selective production of decanoic acid from iterative reversal of β-oxidation pathway.
Gonzalez, R; Kim, S, 2018)		2.23
"Decanoic acid acts as a non-competitive antagonist at therapeutically relevant concentrations, in a voltage- and subunit-dependent manner, and this is sufficient to explain its antiseizure effects."( Seizure control by decanoic acid through direct AMPA receptor inhibition.
Augustin, K; Boddum, K; Chang, P; Chen, PE; Hardege, JD; Sun, M; Terschak, JA; Walker, MC; Williams, RS; Williams, S, 2016)		1.48
"Decanoic acid is an ideal substrate for the synthesis of medium-chain-length poly-3-hydroxyalkanoate (MCL-PHA), but its use for this purpose has only previously been studied in shake-flasks likely due to its surfactant properties, low aqueous solubility and high melting temperature. "( Fed-batch production of poly-3-hydroxydecanoate from decanoic acid.
Gao, J; Ramsay, BA; Ramsay, JA, 2016)		2.13

Treatment

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Decanoic acid treatment increased the motor coordination and grip strength."( Decanoic acid mitigates ischemia reperfusion injury by modulating neuroprotective, inflammatory and oxidative pathways in middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke in rats.
Reeta, KH; Sharma, H; Sharma, U; Suri, V, 2023)		3.07

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"We studied the enhancing and toxic effects of five different absorption enhancers on the transport of FITC-dextran with an average molecular weight of 4000 (FD-4) across Caco-2 cell monolayers, and their enhancing effects were also compared with those in rat intestine."( Effectiveness and toxicity screening of various absorption enhancers using Caco-2 cell monolayers.
Fujita, T; Hattori, K; Lundborg, E; Murakami, M; Muranishi, S; Quan, YS; Yamamoto, A, 1998)		0.3
" Thus, the different toxicities may permit the selection of agents that enhance gene transfer with minimal adverse effects."( Safety and efficiency of modulating paracellular permeability to enhance airway epithelial gene transfer in vivo.
Coyne, CB; Gavett, SH; Haykal-Coates, N; Johnson, LG; Vanhook, MK, 2003)		0.32
" Promoters that are designated safe for human consumption have been licensed for use in a recently approved buccal insulin spray delivery system and also for many years as part of an ampicillin rectal suppository."( Safety and efficacy of sodium caprate in promoting oral drug absorption: from in vitro to the clinic.
Brayden, DJ; Jacobsen, J; Leonard, TW; Maher, S, 2009)		0.35
"In a prototypic porcine trial, this newly devised metal biliary stent incorporating both paclitaxel and sodium caprate appears to be safe in the porcine bile duct."( Safety Evaluation of Paclitaxel-Eluting Biliary Metal Stent with Sodium Caprate in Porcine Biliary Tract.
Jang, SI; Jeong, S; Lee, DH; Lee, DK; Na, K; Yang, S, 2019)		0.51
"In this work, a novel quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe technique with hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent as both extractant and analyte protectant was developed and combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to analyze pyrethroid residues in tomatoes."( A modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method with hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent as extractant and analyte protectant for analyzing pyrethroid residues in tomatoes.
Cao, X; Dong, D; Fang, M; Hu, Y; Lin, X; Mo, W; Wu, C; Xu, J; Ye, B; Ye, X, 2020)		0.56

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" In conclusion, the enhancement of PSP mucosal absorption by C10 and its derivatives is consistent with a pharmacokinetic model, assuming that the enhanced membrane permeability of PSP depends on the enhancer disappearance kinetics from the loop and its calcium ion sequestration capacity."( Pharmacokinetic analysis of the absorption enhancing action of decanoic acid and its derivatives in rats.
Higashi, Y; Kamata, A; Murakami, T; Takahashi, K; Yata, N; Yumoto, R, 1994)		0.53
" Compared with oral administration, maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was significantly lower, and time to reach Cmax (Tmax) delayed with all formulated tenoxicam TDS."( Pharmacokinetics of formulated tenoxicam transdermal delivery systems.
Chun, I; Gwak, H; Kang, E; Kim, T, 2008)		0.35
"The study aimed to prepare a transdermal patch for flurbiprofen using isopulegol decanoate (ISO-C10) as a permeation enhancer, and to evaluate the in-vitro and in-vivo percutaneous permeation of the drug, as well as the pharmacodynamic efficacy of the formulation."( Enhancement of skin permeation of flurbiprofen via its transdermal patches using isopulegol decanoate (ISO-C10) as an absorption enhancer: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation.
Chen, Y; Cun, D; Fang, L; Guo, W; Liu, X; Quan, P; Song, W; Wang, Z, 2015)		0.42
"The permeation experiments were conducted on rabbit skin, and the pharmacokinetic profiles and synovial fluid drug concentration were measured after in-vivo transdermal administration."( Enhancement of skin permeation of flurbiprofen via its transdermal patches using isopulegol decanoate (ISO-C10) as an absorption enhancer: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation.
Chen, Y; Cun, D; Fang, L; Guo, W; Liu, X; Quan, P; Song, W; Wang, Z, 2015)		0.42
" Meanwhile, the ISO-C10 contained patches increased the drug disposition in synovial fluid and enhanced the pharmacodynamic efficacy of the formulation."( Enhancement of skin permeation of flurbiprofen via its transdermal patches using isopulegol decanoate (ISO-C10) as an absorption enhancer: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation.
Chen, Y; Cun, D; Fang, L; Guo, W; Liu, X; Quan, P; Song, W; Wang, Z, 2015)		0.42

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"We examined the enhancing effect of sodium caprate (C10) on the jejunal absorption of a poorly absorbed drug, cefmetazole, in rats, in comparison with its colonic absorption (Pharm."( Differences in the enhancing effects of sodium caprate on colonic and jejunal drug absorption.
Awazu, S; Hayashi, M; Ogawa, T; Ouchi, H; Sawada, T; Tomita, M, 1992)		0.28
" Thus, the increased subcutaneous bioavailability of hEGF in the presence of absorption promoters (except EDTA) was mainly attributed to the inhibitory effect of absorption promoters against the enzymic degradation of hEGF at the subcutaneous tissues."( Effect of absorption promoters on subcutaneous absorption of human epidermal growth factor in rats.
Amagase, H; Fuwa, T; Higashi, Y; Kojima, Y; Misaki, M; Murakami, T; Yamada, M; Yata, N; Yuki, M, 1993)		0.29
" The Pa values of various hydrophilic compounds with different molecular weights were also estimated from their rectal bioavailability in the presence of C10."( Decanoic acid induced enhancement of rectal absorption of hydrophilic compounds in rats.
Hattori, T; Higashi, Y; Murakami, T; Takahashi, K; Yata, N; Yumoto, R, 1994)		1.73
"5 mmol/kg) into the rat terminal ileum increased the D-decapeptide bioavailability (BA) dose-dependently."( In vitro and in vivo evaluation of effects of sodium caprate on enteral peptide absorption and on mucosal morphology.
Broughall, M; Chao, AC; Daddona, PE; Fix, JA; Griffin, A; Nguyen, JV, 1999)		0.3
" The oral bioavailability with methoxyethyl modified phosphorothioate (ISIS 104838) was higher relative to unmodified phosphorothioate."( Effect of sodium caprate on the intestinal absorption of two modified antisense oligonucleotides in pigs.
Geary, RS; Hardee, G; McKenna, B; Ramtoola, Z; Raoof, AA; Yu, RZ, 2002)		0.31
"The EDTA and sodium caprate (Na caprate) effects on the oral bioavailability of norfloxacin were tested."( Improvement of norfloxacin oral bioavailability by EDTA and sodium caprate.
Bonini, F; Dos Santos, I; Fawaz, F; Lagueny, AM, 2003)		0.32
" These additives increased intestinal permeability (P(app)) and absorption rate constant (K(a)) up to two and fourfold, respectively."( In situ and in vivo efficacy of peroral absorption enhancers in rats and correlation to in vitro mechanistic studies.
Chawla, HP; Panchagnula, R; Sharma, P; Varma, MV, )		0.13
"The effect of co-administration of a mucolytic agent with a penetration enhancer was assessed on the intestinal absorption of poorly absorbed hydrophilic compounds."( Enhancement of intestinal absorption of poorly absorbed hydrophilic compounds by simultaneous use of mucolytic agent and non-ionic surfactant.
Horikiri, Y; Kitazawa, T; Morita, T; Takatsuka, S; Yoshino, H, 2006)		0.33
" In vivo studies in rats with ardeparin (1,200 IU/kg) and sodium caprate (100 mg/kg) led to a relative bioavailability of 27% with plasma anti-factor Xa levels within the therapeutic range (>0."( Oral delivery of low-molecular-weight heparin using sodium caprate as absorption enhancer reaches therapeutic levels.
Motlekar, NA; Srivenugopal, KS; Wachtel, MS; Youan, BB, 2005)		0.33
"We compared the effectiveness of two absorption promoters, sodium caprate (C(10)) and melittin, in increasing the bioavailability (F) of poorly absorbed paracellular flux markers across the intestinal mucosae of rats in situ, together with examination of their effects on morphology."( Evaluation of intestinal absorption and mucosal toxicity using two promoters. II. Rat instillation and perfusion studies.
Brayden, DJ; Bzik, V; Maher, S; McClean, S; Wang, X, 2009)		0.35
"To improve bioavailability of poorly water-soluble YH439, a thermal reversible microemulsion system was prepared using modified fatty acids such as capric acid and palmitic acid with PEG 400."( Thermal reversible microemulsion system for poorly water-soluble YH439 for oral delivery.
Gao, ZG; Han, DH; Jin, YZ; Jin, ZH; Shen, YY; Yin, XZ, 2010)		0.36
"Berberine, a plant alkaloid used in traditional Chinese medicine, has a wide spectrum of pharmacological actions, but the poor bioavailability limits its clinical use."( Enhancement of sodium caprate on intestine absorption and antidiabetic action of berberine.
Chen, L; Fan, Z; Li, J; Lv, XY; Wang, CM; Wang, CY; Zhang, M, 2010)		0.36
"Following epidural administration, cerebrospinal fluid bioavailability of local anesthetics is low, one major limiting factor being diffusion across the arachnoid mater barrier."( Ex vivo and in vivo diffusion of ropivacaine through spinal meninges: influence of absorption enhancers.
Brandhonneur, N; Chevanne, F; Deniau, AL; Dollo, G; Estèbe, JP; Le Corre, P; Legrand, A; Ratajczak-Enselme, M, 2011)		0.37
" Relative to the SC-free formulation, the presence of SC in the formulation resulted in a significant increase in the in vivo absorption rate of OA while exerting no apparent impact on the extent of OA absorption."( Spray freeze drying with polyvinylpyrrolidone and sodium caprate for improved dissolution and oral bioavailability of oleanolic acid, a BCS Class IV compound.
Chan, HM; Chang, Q; Chow, AH; Du, Z; Lai, LC; Tong, HH; Wang, GN; Zheng, Y, 2011)		0.37
" Bioavailability studies were carried out in Sprague Dawley rats with various formulations."( Thiolated polycarbophil/glutathione: defining its potential as a permeation enhancer for oral drug administration in comparison to sodium caprate.
Barthelmes, J; Bernkop-Schnürch, A; Bonn, GK; Krieg, C; Perera, G; Uhlschmied, C; Vetter, A, 2011)		0.37
"Addition of 100 mM concentrations of C10 with the paracellular flux marker, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa, permitted a bioavailability of 33% to be achieved."( Restoration of rat colonic epithelium after in situ intestinal instillation of the absorption promoter, sodium caprate.
Brayden, DJ; Maher, S; Wang, X, 2010)		0.36
" However, the poor bioavailability of this agent greatly limits its clinical application."( Sodium caprate augments the hypoglycemic effect of berberine via AMPK in inhibiting hepatic gluconeogenesis.
Chang, W; Chen, L; Li, J; Li, W; Liu, Y; Lv, X; Meng, Z; Wang, Q; Zhang, M, 2012)		0.38
"The aim of the investigation was to compare the effectiveness of two absorption enhancers, sodium caprate (C10) and sodium deoxycholate (SDC), in increasing the bioavailability of a poorly absorbed paracellar flux drug, berberine chloride, across the intestinal mucosae of rats in vivo, together with examination of their effects on mucosal damage."( Enhancement by sodium caprate and sodium deoxycholate of the gastrointestinal absorption of berberine chloride in rats.
Dong, W; Fan, D; Li, J; Sun, W; Tang, X; Wu, X, 2013)		0.39
"The control of permeability through the paracellular route has been paid great attention to for enhanced bioavailability of macromolecular and hydrophilic drugs."( Percolation analysis in electrical conductivity of Madin-Darby canine kidney and Caco-2 cells by permeation-enhancing agents.
Fujii, M; Koizumi, N; Kondoh, M; Washiyama, M; Watanabe, Y; Yagi, K, 2013)		0.39
" Its oral bioavailability is low and its intestinal absorption mechanism is not clear."( Intestinal absorption of raltitrexed and evaluation of the effects of absorption enhancers.
Li, X; Lu, Y; Yin, Z; Yu, Y; Zhao, X, 2013)		0.39
"Low oral bioavailability of berberine due to poor solubility and membrane permeability limits its clinical use for treatment of diabetes."( Amorphous solid dispersion of berberine with absorption enhancer demonstrates a remarkable hypoglycemic effect via improving its bioavailability.
Hatch, GM; Jingkai, G; Li, C; Ming, Z; Shengnan, W; Xiaojia, B; Zhaojie, M, 2014)		0.4
" The determination of adsorption mechanisms will assist in understanding of the fate and bioavailability of emerging and classical weak acids released into natural waters."( Investigation of mono/competitive adsorption of environmentally relevant ionized weak acids on graphite: impact of molecular properties and thermodynamics.
Gamal El-Din, M; McPhedran, KN; Moreira, J; Moustafa, AM, 2014)		0.4
" By optimizing the mixed oil formulation, the absolute amount of surfactant in drug-loaded microemulsions was reduced but increased drug oral bioavailability in rats was maintained."( Optimized mixed oils remarkably reduce the amount of surfactants in microemulsions without affecting oral bioavailability of ibuprofen by simultaneously enlarging microemulsion areas and enhancing drug solubility.
Chen, Y; Hu, H; Huang, H; Liu, D; Mai, J; Song, J; Tuo, J; Wu, C; Xie, Y; You, X, 2015)		0.42
" Our study demonstrates the potential value of Labrasol as an enhancer of bioavailability of molecules applied through the transcutaneous route."( Modulation of transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) in reconstructed human epidermis by excipients known to permeate intestinal tight junctions.
Abdayem, R; Callejon, S; Demarne, F; Haftek, M; Jannin, V; Kirilov, P; Pirot, F; Portes, P, 2015)		0.42
" Pre-minisphere emulsions of PEs combined with sCT increased absolute bioavailability (F) compared to native sCT following rat intra-jejunal (i."( In vitro and in vivo preclinical evaluation of a minisphere emulsion-based formulation (SmPill®) of salmon calcitonin.
Aguirre, TA; Brayden, DJ; Coulter, IS; Rosa, M, 2015)		0.42
"Nanoparticulate drug delivery systems, mucoadhesive polymers and penetration enhancers have been used individually to overcome ocular barriers and increase bioavailability to eye tissues."( Understanding the influence of surface properties of nanoparticles and penetration enhancers for improving bioavailability in eye tissues in vivo.
Katti, DS; Mahaling, B, 2016)		0.43
" However, poor bioavailability of BBR has limited its clinical application."( Pretreatment of rats with increased bioavailable berberine attenuates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via down regulation of adenosine-5'monophosphate kinase activity.
Chen, L; Chen, W; Hatch, GM; Wei, S; Xiao, J; Xue, H; Yao, F; Yu, Y; Zhang, M, 2016)		0.43
" In the case of acyclovir, Cap-Na either alone or in combination with SLS or chitosan has the potential to improve its absorption and bioavailability and has yet to be explored."( Effect of permeability enhancers on paracellular permeability of acyclovir.
Ates, M; Kaynak, MS; Sahin, S, 2016)		0.43
" Some of these excipients increase intestinal permeability, and subsequently the absorption and bioavailability of the drug."( The effects of three absorption-modifying critical excipients on the in vivo intestinal absorption of six model compounds in rats and dogs.
Dahlgren, D; Johansson, P; Langguth, P; Lennernäs, H; Lundqvist, A; Roos, C; Sjöblom, M; Sjögren, E; Tannergren, C, 2018)		0.48
" The performed cytotoxicity, cell apoptosis and pharmacokinetic experiments showed an enhanced bioavailability of BUF after encapsulation."( In situ phase transition of microemulsions for parenteral injection yielding lyotropic liquid crystalline carriers of the antitumor drug bufalin.
Angelova, A; Drechsler, M; Garamus, VM; Gong, Y; Li, N; Li, Y; Liu, J; Zou, A, 2019)		0.51
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)		0.51
" However, oral administration of biological drugs exhibits low oral bioavailability (BA) due to enzymatic degradation and low intestinal absorption."( In Silico-Based Experiments on Mechanistic Interactions between Several Intestinal Permeation Enhancers with a Lipid Bilayer Model.
Hossain, S; Kneiszl, R; Larsson, P, 2022)		0.72
"Polyphenols are potent antioxidants, but their poor oral bioavailability owing to intrinsic insolubility and low permeability significantly hampers their effectiveness for clinical translation."( Oral delivery of decanoic acid conjugated plant protein shell incorporating hybrid nanosystem leverage intestinal absorption of polyphenols.
Jin, F; Li, X; Liu, J; Lu, W; Miao, R; Wang, Z; Zhang, RX, 2022)		1.06

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Previously, the presence of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC Na) in addition to an absorption promoter, sodium caprate (C10 Na), in the dosing solution was found to be necessary for the enhancement of the rectal absorption of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF)."( Enhanced rectal and nasal absorption of human epidermal growth factor by combined use of the absorption promoter and the synthetic polymer in rats.
Amagase, H; Fuwa, T; Higashi, Y; Kawakita, H; Kisaki, M; Kishimoto, M; Kojima, Y; Murakami, T; Yata, N, 1991)		0.28
" The intensity of contraction after rectal administration of sodium caprate or sodium cholate was dependent on the concentration in the dosing solution."( A novel method for the preclinical assessment of rectal irritation.
Kinouchi, Y; Takeichi, Y; Yata, N, 1996)		0.29
" Dose-response patterns suggested mainly dose-dependent differences between the agents."( Reversible increase in tight junction permeability to macromolecules in rat ileal mucosa in vitro by sodium caprate, a constituent of milk fat.
Blomquist, L; Lindmark, T; Olaison, G; Oman, H; Söderholm, JD; Veen, J, 1998)		0.3
" Oral tablet formulations of ISIS 104838 were pre-formulated with the permeation enhancer, sodium caprate, in an enteric-coated solid dosage form."( Oral bioavailability and multiple dose tolerability of an antisense oligonucleotide tablet formulated with sodium caprate.
Chiu, P; Cumming, IK; Geary, RS; Hardee, GE; Levin, AA; Ramtoola, Z; Raoof, AA; Teng, C; Weinbach, SP, 2004)		0.32
" Various dosing solutions containing a penetration enhancer in the absence or in the presence of NAC were directly administered into the exposed rat jejunum, and the bioavailability of FD-4 up to 2 h was determined."( Enhancement of intestinal absorption of poorly absorbed hydrophilic compounds by simultaneous use of mucolytic agent and non-ionic surfactant.
Horikiri, Y; Kitazawa, T; Morita, T; Takatsuka, S; Yoshino, H, 2006)		0.33
" Higher dosing produced consistent opening measured 5-35 or 60-90 min post-infusion but was also toxic as shown by severe brain edema and cardio-respiratory failure."( Graded reversible opening of the rat blood-brain barrier by intracarotid infusion of sodium caprate.
Preston, E; Slinn, J; Stanimirovic, D; Vinokourov, I, 2008)		0.35
" The current findings not only identified the usefulness of sodium caprate for the improved delivery of Danshen product but also demonstrated the importance of biopharmaceutics characterization in the dosage form development of traditional Chinese medicine."( Effect of sodium caprate on the oral absorptions of danshensu and salvianolic acid B.
Chow, MS; Zhou, L; Zuo, Z, 2009)		0.35
" Dry powder inhaler (DPI) form of glucagon is believed to be a promising new dosage form, and the present study aimed to develop a novel glucagon-DPI using absorption enhancer for improved pharmacological effects."( Novel dry powder inhaler formulation of glucagon with addition of citric acid for enhanced pulmonary delivery.
Hirose, M; Kawabata, Y; Mizumoto, T; Onoue, S; Yamada, S; Yamamoto, K, 2009)		0.35
"A major challenge in oral drug delivery is the development of novel dosage forms to promote absorption of poorly permeable drugs across the intestinal epithelium."( Safety and efficacy of sodium caprate in promoting oral drug absorption: from in vitro to the clinic.
Brayden, DJ; Jacobsen, J; Leonard, TW; Maher, S, 2009)		0.35
"Sodium caprate (C10) is an oral absorption promoter that is currently in clinical trials as a component of solid dosage forms for poorly permeable small molecules and peptides."( Restoration of rat colonic epithelium after in situ intestinal instillation of the absorption promoter, sodium caprate.
Brayden, DJ; Maher, S; Wang, X, 2010)		0.36
"Design of optimized dosage forms containing C10 should corelease the payload and promoter close to the epithelium in high concentrations."( Restoration of rat colonic epithelium after in situ intestinal instillation of the absorption promoter, sodium caprate.
Brayden, DJ; Maher, S; Wang, X, 2010)		0.36
" In pharmacokinetics study, water-soluble chitosan at dosage of 50mg/kg improved the bioavailability of FTA in weeping forsythia extract to the greatest extent, and was safe for gastrointestine from morphological observation."( Improvement of intestinal absorption of forsythoside A in weeping forsythia extract by various absorption enhancers based on tight junctions.
Cai, BC; Di, LQ; Ju, WZ; Liu, SJ; Qin, KM; Shan, JJ; Zhou, W, 2012)		0.38
" The influences of the adsorbent dosage and the use frequency of adsorbent, the adsorption time, the solution pH and ionic strength were investigated and optimized."( Dispersive Micro-Solid-Phase Extraction Based on Decanoic Acid Coated-Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles for HPLC Analysis of Phthalate Esters in Liquor Samples.
Wang, J; Xin, D; Yang, Y; Zhang, L, 2015)		0.67
" In conclusion, the SmPill® technology is a potential dosage form for several peptides when formulated with PEs and coated for regional delivery."( Coated minispheres of salmon calcitonin target rat intestinal regions to achieve systemic bioavailability: Comparison between intestinal instillation and oral gavage.
Aguirre, TAS; Aversa, V; Brayden, DJ; Coulter, I; Guterres, SS; Pohlmann, AR; Rosa, M, 2016)		0.43
" A linear dose-response in RLU was observed with pure analyte."( Validation of the AccuPoint Advanced ATP Hygiene Monitoring System for Sanitation Monitoring Through Detection of ATP from Stainless Steel Surfaces.
Gray, RL; Mozola, M; Rice, J; Sarver, R; Steiner, B; Viator, R, 2017)		0.46
" Male Sprague-Dawley rats were dosed intracolonically via the rectum, using sodium caprate or ibuprofen as tool compounds to alter barrier integrity."( Translational safety biomarkers of colonic barrier integrity in the rat.
Bueters, R; Cuyckens, F; Erkens, T; Goeminne, N; Lammens, L; van Heerden, M; Vreeken, R, 2018)		0.48
" Taken together, our results indicate that MD simulations are useful for gaining insights relevant to the design of oral dosage forms based around permeability enhancer molecules."( In Silico-Based Experiments on Mechanistic Interactions between Several Intestinal Permeation Enhancers with a Lipid Bilayer Model.
Hossain, S; Kneiszl, R; Larsson, P, 2022)		0.72
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Occurs in Manufacturing (6 Product(s))

Product Categories

Product CategoryProducts
Food & Beverages2
Professional Supplements1
Active Lifestyle & Fitness2
Baby & Kids Products1

Products

ProductBrandCategoryCompounds Matched from IngredientsDate Retrieved
Carrington Farms Gluten Free Coconut & Avocado Cooking Oil Blend -- 16 fl ozCarrington FarmsFood & BeveragesCapric Acid, Lauric Acid, Caprylic Acid2024-11-29 10:47:42
Carrington Farms Organic Coconut Cooking Oil Unflavored -- 16 fl ozCarrington FarmsFood & BeveragesCapric Acid, Lauric Acid, Caprylic Acid2024-11-29 10:47:42
Dr. Mercola Mitomix™ Keto Organic MCT Oil -- 16 fl ozDr. MercolaProfessional SupplementsCapric Acid, Lauric Acid, Caprylic Acid2024-11-29 10:47:42
Onnit MCT Oil Unflavored -- 24 fl ozOnnitActive Lifestyle & Fitness Capric Acid, Lauric Acid, Caprylic Acid2024-11-29 10:47:42
SheaMoisture Baby Shampoo Nighttime Manuka Honey & Lavender -- 13 fl ozSheaMoistureBaby & Kids Productscaprylyl glycol, cocamidopropyl betaine, capric acid, lauric acid, caprylic acid, phenoxyethanol, sodium benzoate2024-11-29 10:47:42
Zhou MCT Oil Unflavored -- 16 fl ozZhouActive Lifestyle & Fitness Capric Acid, Caprylic Acid2024-11-29 10:47:42

Roles (6)

RoleDescription
antibacterial agentA substance (or active part thereof) that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.
anti-inflammatory agentAny compound that has anti-inflammatory effects.
human metaboliteAny mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens).
volatile oil componentAny plant metabolite that is found naturally as a component of a volatile oil.
plant metaboliteAny eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms.
algal metaboliteAny eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in algae including unicellular organisms like chlorella and diatoms to multicellular organisms like giant kelps and brown algae.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
straight-chain saturated fatty acidAny saturated fatty acid lacking a side-chain.
medium-chain fatty acidAny fatty acid with a chain length of between C6 and C12.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathways (9)

PathwayProteinsCompounds
Metabolism14961108
Metabolism of lipids500463
Fatty acid metabolism113203
Fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis1635
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis233
fatty acid oxidation (Decanoate)614
Metabolism of proteins1058144
Peptide hormone metabolism6812
Synthesis, secretion, and deacylation of Ghrelin174
Fatty Acid Oxidation (Decanoate)214

Protein Targets (22)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency77.52170.007215.758889.3584AID1224835
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency43.71590.173734.304761.8120AID1346859
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency43.71590.173734.304761.8120AID1346859
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency33.49830.000811.382244.6684AID686978
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency27.80480.000221.22318,912.5098AID743035; AID743063
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.62280.001318.074339.8107AID926; AID938
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4Homo sapiens (human)Potency37.90830.01237.983543.2770AID1645841
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.37890.000214.376460.0339AID588532; AID720692
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency53.48770.000817.505159.3239AID1159527; AID1159531
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency31.04580.000229.305416,493.5996AID743069; AID743075; AID743078; AID743079
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency46.66550.001024.504861.6448AID743212; AID743227
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.86030.001019.414170.9645AID588536; AID588537; AID743191
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency61.19270.001723.839378.1014AID743083
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency68.59950.000323.4451159.6830AID743065; AID743067
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency61.75040.042027.378961.6448AID743210
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency68.65940.000627.21521,122.0200AID743202
gemininHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.14580.004611.374133.4983AID624296
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency50.28410.002319.595674.0614AID651631
Nuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency84.12670.026622.448266.8242AID651802
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Ki22.00000.00000.37905.6000AID1708004
G-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)Ki1.78000.02361.29013.3100AID1546369
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)30.80000.00000.992210.0000AID1708003; AID1901641
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)31.00000.00061.607410.0000AID1901640
G-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)18.18330.08903.868710.0000AID1447407; AID1447408; AID1447415; AID1447442; AID1546371; AID1546372; AID1546373; AID1546374; AID1546375; AID1546376; AID1546377; AID1546378
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (232)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrestCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein localizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replicationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespanCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substanceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-rayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
viral processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signalingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomeraseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UVCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiodCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibioticCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behaviorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell deathCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-CCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin DCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shuntCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cholesterol effluxPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
long-chain fatty acid transportPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of osteoblast differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor signaling pathway via STATPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signaling receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of BMP signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of MAP kinase activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adiponectin secretionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stressPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of connective tissue replacement involved in inflammatory response wound healingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
placenta developmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
lipid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
response to nutrientPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of blood pressurePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of gene expressionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
macrophage derived foam cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cholesterol storagePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lipid storagePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceridePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of angiogenesisPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
monocyte differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
BMP signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
epithelial cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to insulin stimulusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
response to lipidPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
glucose homeostasisPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of circadian rhythmPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription by RNA polymerase IIPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
lipoprotein transportPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migrationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
innate immune responsePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cell fate commitmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fat cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
retinoic acid receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cell maturationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
rhythmic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
white fat cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
lipid homeostasisPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of SMAD protein signal transductionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cholesterol transporter activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial fissionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of extracellular matrix assemblyPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of adipose tissue developmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell apoptotic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responsePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
hormone-mediated signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glucose metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of steroid metabolic processNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
circadian regulation of gene expressionNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to sterolNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of circadian rhythmNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fat cell differentiationNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
adipose tissue developmentNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
T-helper 17 cell differentiationNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IINuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory responsePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of signaling receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transformation of host cell by virusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to hypoxiaPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
gluconeogenesisPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
heart developmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to nutrientPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
epidermis developmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to starvationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular ketone metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cholesterol storagePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceridePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of appetitePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to insulinPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
circadian regulation of gene expressionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to nicotinePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
wound healingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
lipoprotein metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of circadian rhythmPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
steroid hormone mediated signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
response to ethanolPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gluconeogenesisPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of blood pressurePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glycolytic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nitric oxide metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid oxidationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responsePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell developmentPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
enamel mineralizationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to fructose stimulusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA transcriptionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesionPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of fatty acid transportPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
hormone-mediated signaling pathwayPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic processPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
biological_processG-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)
neuropeptide signaling pathwayG-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (64)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coregulator bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleic acid bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
double-stranded DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
peptide bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear retinoid X receptor bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
arachidonic acid bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA binding domain bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
LBD domain bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-actinin bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
R-SMAD bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
E-box bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
STAT family protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
oxysterol bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
ligand-activated transcription factor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear steroid receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
phosphatase bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin conjugating enzyme bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific DNA bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
NFAT protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
urotensin II receptor activityG-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (25)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nuclear bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replication forkCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
PML bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand breakCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular membrane-bounded organellePeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complexPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
receptor complexPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear bodyNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusNuclear receptor ROR-gammaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneG-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)
specific granule membraneG-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)
tertiary granule membraneG-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)
receptor complexG-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneG-protein coupled receptor 84Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (86)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1296008Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening2020SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1
Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346986P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1346987P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen2019Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5
A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1081321Nematicidal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus assessed as mortality at 0.125 mg/ml measured after 48 hr under microscope2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 58, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationship of aliphatic compounds for nematicidal activity against pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus).
AID1546369Displacement of [3H]PSB-1584 from recombinant human GPR84 expressed in CHO cell membranes co-expressing beta-arrestin2 measured after 6 hrs by scintillation counting method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1081320Nematicidal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus assessed as mortality at 0.0625 mg/ml measured after 48 hr under microscope2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 58, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationship of aliphatic compounds for nematicidal activity against pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus).
AID1081755Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita J2 (root-knot nematode) assessed as paralysis measured after 1 hr at 28 degC2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 58, Issue:21
nematicidal carboxylic acids and aldehydes from Melia azedarach fruits.
AID1546394Selectivity ratio of EC50 for agonist activity at recombinant human GPR84 expressed in CHO cell membranes co-expressing beta-arrestin2 assessed as inhibition of forskolin-stimulated [3H]cAMP accumulation to Ki for displacement of [3H]PSB-1584 from recombi2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1901644Agonist activity at human PPARgamma expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as maximal activity by luciferase/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay relative to rosiglitazone2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
Phenolic Lipids Derived from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid to Treat Metabolic Diseases.
AID1083134Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 100 umol/L on day 7 (SDW control = 12.63 +/- 3.84%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID26793Partition coefficient (logP)1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quantitative structure-inhibitory activity relationships of phenols and fatty acids for Bacillus subtilis spore germination.
AID1447415Agonist activity at human N-terminal-FLAG-tagged human GPR84 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation preincubated fro 20 mins followed by forskolin addition measured after 20 mins
AID40935Inhibition of Bacillus subtilis spore germination, activity is expressed as log of the reciprocal of Casida's I50 value.1983Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep, Volume: 26, Issue:9
Ion-sensitive electrode potentiometry of organic anions: application to quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID1083122Nematicidal activity against second-stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as mortality at 25 degC at 1000 umol/L after 24 hr Rvb = 1.47 to 2.51%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID597407Antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 19, Issue:9
Comparing micellar, hemolytic, and antibacterial properties of di- and tricarboxyl dendritic amphiphiles.
AID1417297Inhibition of equine serum BuChE at 10 M using butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition and measured at 1 min intervals for 30 mins by Ellman's method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-01, Volume: 28, Issue:20
Unexpected AChE inhibitory activity of (2E)α,β-unsaturated fatty acids.
AID1083120Nematicidal activity against second-stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as mortality at 25 degC at 2000 umol/L after 24 hr Rvb = 1.47 to 2.51%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1083132Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 2000 umol/L on day 7 (SDW control = 12.63 +/- 3.84%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1083124Nematicidal activity against second-stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as mortality at 25 degC at 100 umol/L after 24 hr (Rvb = 1.47 to 2.51%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1083131Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 100 umol/L on day 14 (SDW control = 35.77 +/- 4.48%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1083128Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 100 umol/L on day 21 (SDW control = 44.87 +/- 3.93%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID25611Dissociation constant (pKa)1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quantitative structure-inhibitory activity relationships of phenols and fatty acids for Bacillus subtilis spore germination.
AID1546378Agonist activity at human Gi1alpha-coupled GPR84 expressed in baculovirus infected Sf9 insect cells assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding measured after 30 mins by liquid scintillation counting method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1417295Inhibition of electric eel AChE at 10 M using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate preincubated for 20 mins followed by substrate addition and measured at 1 min intervals for 30 mins by Ellman's method2018Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 11-01, Volume: 28, Issue:20
Unexpected AChE inhibitory activity of (2E)α,β-unsaturated fatty acids.
AID1447409Agonist activity at human GPR84 expressed in CHO cells assessed as beta-arrestin recruitment at 10 uM after 90 mins by beta-galactosidase complementation assay relative to embelin
AID1083137Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) root-knot nematodes assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 100 umol/L on day 3 (SDW control = 0.57 +/- 0.37%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID40623Inhibitory activity on germination of Bacillus subtilis PCI219 spores was determined.1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quantitative structure-inhibitory activity relationships of phenols and fatty acids for Bacillus subtilis spore germination.
AID1901643Agonist activity at human PPARalpha expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as maximal activity by luciferase/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay relative to GW76472022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
Phenolic Lipids Derived from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid to Treat Metabolic Diseases.
AID1083125Nematicidal activity against second-stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as mortality at 25 degC at 100 umol/L after 12 hr (Rvb = 1.79 to 3.30%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID624611Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT1A82000Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID1546377Agonist activity at recombinant human N-terminally HA-tagged GPR84 expressed in CHO cells co-expressing Gqi5 assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation by fluo-4AM dye based FLIPR assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1546393Selectivity ratio of EC50 for agonist activity at recombinant human GPR84 expressed in CHO cell membranes co-expressing beta-arrestin2 assessed as beta-arrestin 2 recruitment to Ki for displacement of [3H]PSB-1584 from recombinant human GPR84 expressed in2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID26261Partition coefficient (logD7.2)1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quantitative structure-inhibitory activity relationships of phenols and fatty acids for Bacillus subtilis spore germination.
AID1083130Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 1000 umol/L on day 14 (SDW control = 35.77 +/- 4.48%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1447408Agonist activity at human GPR84 expressed in CHO cells assessed as beta-arrestin recruitment after 90 mins by beta-galactosidase complementation assay
AID1083126Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 2000 umol/L on day 21 (SDW control = 44.87 +/- 3.93%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1083135Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 2000 umol/L on day 3 (SDW control = 0.57 +/- 0.37%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1083136Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 1000 umol/L on day 3 (SDW control = 0.57 +/- 0.37%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1546372Agonist activity at human N-terminal FLAG-tagged GPR84 receptor stably expressed in CHO cell membranes assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding incubated for 1 hr by liquid scintillation counting method2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1546375Agonist activity at recombinant human GPR84 expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as beta-arrestin 2 recruitment by beta-galactosidase based PathHunter assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1447407Agonist activity at Gi coupled human GPR84 expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation after 15 mins in presence of [3H]-cAMP by radiometric assay
AID1083123Nematicidal activity against second-stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as mortality at 25 degC at 1000 umol/L after 12 hr (Rvb = 1.79 to 3.30%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID624607Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT1A32000Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID1901641Agonist activity at human PPARgamma expressed in HEK293 cells by luciferase/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
Phenolic Lipids Derived from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid to Treat Metabolic Diseases.
AID1901632Agonist activity at human PPARdelta transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as relative luciferase unit at 50 uM measured after 16 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
Phenolic Lipids Derived from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid to Treat Metabolic Diseases.
AID1708004Binding affinity to GST-tagged PPARG LBD (unknown origin) by Fluormone Pan-PPAR Green tracer based TR-FRET assay
AID40936Inhibition of Bacillus subtilis PCI219 spore germination, expressed as log 1/I501982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 25, Issue:3
Quantitative structure-inhibitory activity relationships of phenols and fatty acids for Bacillus subtilis spore germination.
AID1681345Displacement of [3H]-9-(2-phenylethyl)-2-(2-pyrazin-2-yloxyethoxy)-6,7-dihydropyrimido[6,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one from recombinant FLAG-tagged GPR84 (unknown origin) expressed in T-REx-293 cells co-expressing Galphai2 incubated for 1 hr by liquid scintillati2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-25, Volume: 63, Issue:22
Discovery of 9-Cyclopropylethynyl-2-((
AID1083121Nematicidal activity against second-stage juvenile of Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as mortality at 25 degC at 2000 umol/L after 12 hr (Rvb = 1.79 to 3.30%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID492140Antioxidant activity assessed as formazan formation induced absorbance changes at 25 ppm at 570 nm at 37 degC for 6 hrs by MTT assay2010Journal of natural products, Jul-23, Volume: 73, Issue:7
An efficient and economical MTT assay for determining the antioxidant activity of plant natural product extracts and pure compounds.
AID1081754Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita J2 (root-knot nematode) assessed as paralysis measured after 1 day at 28 degC2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 58, Issue:21
nematicidal carboxylic acids and aldehydes from Melia azedarach fruits.
AID1447442Agonist activity at human GPR84 assessed as beta-arrestin recruitment by beta-galactosidase complementation assay
AID624613Specific activity of expressed human recombinant UGT1A102000Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, , Volume: 40Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases: metabolism, expression, and disease.
AID1081322Nematicidal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus assessed as mortality at 0.25 mg/ml measured after 48 hr under microscope2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 58, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationship of aliphatic compounds for nematicidal activity against pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus).
AID1546373Agonist activity at recombinant human GPR84 expressed in CHO cells co-expressing Galpha16/Gqs5/Gqo5/Gqi9 assessed as increase in calcium mobilization measured for 20 secs in presence of coelenterazine by aequorin-reporter gene based luminescence assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1901640Agonist activity at human PPARalpha expressed in HEK293 cells by luciferase/beta-galactosidase reporter gene assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
Phenolic Lipids Derived from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid to Treat Metabolic Diseases.
AID1708003Partial agonist activity at full length human PPARG expressed in African green monkey COS7 cells assessed as increase in receptor activation incubated for 24 hrs by luciferase reporter assay
AID1083133Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 1000 umol/L on day 7 (SDW control = 12.63 +/- 3.84%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1901633Agonist activity at human PPARalpha transfected in HEK293 cells assessed as relative luciferase unit at 50 uM measured after 16 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2022Journal of medicinal chemistry, 02-10, Volume: 65, Issue:3
Phenolic Lipids Derived from Cashew Nut Shell Liquid to Treat Metabolic Diseases.
AID1546374Agonist activity at recombinant human N-terminal epitope tagged/C-terminal eYFP-fused FLAG-tagged GPR84 expressed in Flp-In TREx 293 cell membranes assessed as stimulation of [35S]GTPgammaS binding preincubated for 15 mins followed by [35S]GTPgammaS addit2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1546371Agonist activity at human N-terminal FLAG-tagged GPR84 receptor stably expressed in CHO cells assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP production preincubated for 20 mins followed by forskolin addition and measured after 20 mins2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1083127Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 1000 umol/L on day 21 (SDW control = 44.87 +/- 3.93%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID597408Antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by broth microdilution method2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, May-01, Volume: 19, Issue:9
Comparing micellar, hemolytic, and antibacterial properties of di- and tricarboxyl dendritic amphiphiles.
AID1083129Nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne incognita (root-knot nematode) assessed as cumulative percentage of egg hatching at 25 degC at 2000 umol/L on day 14 (SDW control = 35.77 +/- 4.48%)2012Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Nov-21, Volume: 60, Issue:46
Potential antagonistic effects of nine natural fatty acids against Meloidogyne incognita.
AID1546376Agonist activity at recombinant human N-terminal epitope tagged/C-terminal eYFP-fused FLAG-tagged GPR84 expressed in Flp-In TREx 293 cell membranes assessed as inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP production measured after 30 mins by HTRF assay2020Journal of medicinal chemistry, 03-12, Volume: 63, Issue:5
An Agonist Radioligand for the Proinflammatory Lipid-Activated G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR84 Providing Structural Insights.
AID1081643Phytotoxicity against Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass) assessed as mortality measured after 3 days at 5 mg/ml by foliar spraying2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Sep-22, Volume: 58, Issue:18
Phytotoxicity of sarmentine isolated from long pepper (Piper longum) fruit.
AID1231376Activity at human full length PPARgamma transfected in COS7 cells assessed as transactivation activity by reporter gene assay relative to rosiglitazone2015Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-23, Volume: 58, Issue:14
Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) and Ligand Choreography: Newcomers Take the Stage.
AID1081323Nematicidal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus at 0.5 mg/ml measured after 48 hr under microscope2010Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Feb-10, Volume: 58, Issue:3
Structure-activity relationship of aliphatic compounds for nematicidal activity against pine wood nematode (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus).
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1347086qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Arenaviruses (LCMV): LCMV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID504812Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID504810Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign2010Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7
A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID1347083qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: Viability assay - alamar blue signal for LASV Primary Screen2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID1347082qHTS for Inhibitors of the Functional Ribonucleoprotein Complex (vRNP) of Lassa (LASV) Arenavirus: LASV Primary Screen - GLuc reporter signal2020Antiviral research, 01, Volume: 173A cell-based, infectious-free, platform to identify inhibitors of lassa virus ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) activity.
AID1345177Human GPR84 (Class A Orphans)2006The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-10, Volume: 281, Issue:45
Medium-chain fatty acids as ligands for orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR84.
AID1345177Human GPR84 (Class A Orphans)2013Journal of biomolecular screening, Jun, Volume: 18, Issue:5
Screening β-arrestin recruitment for the identification of natural ligands for orphan G-protein-coupled receptors.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (436)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199020 (4.59)18.7374
1990's54 (12.39)18.2507
2000's117 (26.83)29.6817
2010's186 (42.66)24.3611
2020's59 (13.53)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 73.17

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index73.17 (24.57)
Research Supply Index6.12 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.06 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index126.89 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (73.17)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials10 (2.25%)5.53%
Reviews12 (2.70%)6.00%
Case Studies1 (0.23%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other421 (94.82%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (9)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
EpiCeram for Skin Protection in Healthcare Workers Using Personal Protective Equipment [NCT04793711]1 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-03-15Terminated(stopped due to Unable to find willing participants.)
Comparison of Two Different Skin Creams and Their Effect on Transepidermal Water Loss (TEWL) in Pediatric and Adult Patients With Atopic Dermatitis: A Pilot Study [NCT03663673]Phase 117 participants (Actual)Interventional2018-09-01Completed
A Clinical Trial to Determine the Therapeutic Benefit of an Investigational Over-The-Counter Cream on Dry, Itchy Skin of Adults and Children With Atopic Dermatitis. [NCT02691507]Phase 253 participants (Actual)Interventional2016-02-29Completed
Effect of Medium Chain Fatty Acids on Cognitive Function During Acute Hypoglycemia in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes [NCT00592072]12 participants (Actual)Interventional2005-07-31Completed
Wound Healing Endpoint and Recurrence [NCT02577120]Phase 4265 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-01-09Recruiting
THE PEBBLES STUDY: A Randomised Controlled Trial to Prevent Eczema, Food Allergy and Sensitisation Using a Skin Barrier Improvement Strategy [NCT03667651]Phase 3760 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2018-03-06Active, not recruiting
A Multi-Center Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of an Over-the-Counter Cream in the Management of Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis in Infants and Toddlers [NCT02120833]Phase 351 participants (Actual)Interventional2014-03-31Completed
An Investigator Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Study Comparing the Efficacy and Cost-Effectiveness of Aquaphor Healing Ointment, Atopiclair Nonsteroidal Cream (MAS063DP) and EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion in Children With Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatit [NCT01093469]Phase 439 participants (Actual)Interventional2009-09-30Completed
A Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of an Investigational Nighttime Moisturizing Balm in the Management of Mild to Moderate Atopic Dermatitis in Infants and Toddlers [NCT02404493]23 participants (Actual)Interventional2015-03-31Terminated(stopped due to Lack of subject enrollment and the eczema season has completed)
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]

Trial Outcomes

TrialOutcome
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Digit Span Backward
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Delayed Verbal Memory
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Digit Symbol Coding
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Immediate Verbal Memory
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Letter/Number Sequencing
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Map Search (1min)
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Map Search (2min)
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Telephone Search
NCT00592072 (9) [back to overview]Verbal Memory Recognition
NCT01093469 (1) [back to overview]Investigator Global Assessment of Improvement
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft and Smooth Instantly
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - I Would Recommend This Product to Another Parent.
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 1 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 14 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 2 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 3 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 7 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft and Smooth Instantly
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Corneometer Measurement on Day 0 - Post-Treatment - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Corneometer Measurement on Day 1 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Corneometer Measurement on Day 14 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Corneometer Measurement on Day 2 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Corneometer Measurement on Day 3 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Corneometer Measurement on Day 7 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 1 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 14 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 2 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 3 - Change From Baseline
NCT02120833 (75) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 7 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Skin Feels Soft Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Skin Looks Healthy Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Skin Looks Smooth Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Caregiver Energy Levels Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Child Wanted to Play Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Child's Mood Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Child's Mood Upon Waking in Morning
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - How Alert Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - How Productive Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - How Rested Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Skin Feels Soft Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Skin Looks Healthy Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Caregiver Energy Levels Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Child Wanted to Play Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Child's Mood Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Child's Mood Upon Waking in Morning
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - How Alert Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - How Productive Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - How Rested Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Recommend Product
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Skin Feels Soft Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Skin Looks Healthy Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Skin Looks Smooth Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Skin Feels Soft Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Skin Looks Healthy Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Skin Looks Smooth Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Caregiver Energy Levels Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Child Wanted to Play Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Child's Mood Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Child's Mood Upon Waking in Morning
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - How Alert Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - How Productive Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - How Rested Caregiver Felt Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Skin Feels Soft Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Skin Looks Healthy Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Skin Looks Smooth Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Skin Looks Smooth Overall
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Longest Time Child is Asleep During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Number of Naps Child Takes During the Day
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Number of Times Child Awakes During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Time Child Usually Put to Bed
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Time for Child to Fall Asleep
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Total Time Child Awake During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Total Time Child is Asleep During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Total Time Child Sleeps During the Day
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Longest Time Child is Asleep During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Number of Naps Child Takes During the Day
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Number of Times Child Awakes During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Time Child Usually Put to Bed
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Time for Child to Fall Asleep
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Total Time Child Awake During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Total Time Child is Asleep During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Total Time Child Sleeps During the Day
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Longest Time Child is Asleep During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Number of Naps Child Takes During the Day
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Number of Times Child Awakes During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Time Child Usually Put to Bed
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Time for Child to Fall Asleep
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Total Time Child Awake During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Total Time Child is Asleep During the Night
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Total Time Child Sleeps During the Day
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Amount of Sleep Caregiver Got Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Amount of Time Caregiver Awake
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Number of Times Caregiver Woke Up
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Amount of Sleep Caregiver Got Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Amount of Time Caregiver Awake
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Number of Times Caregiver Woke Up
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Amount of Sleep Caregiver Got Over Past Week
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Amount of Time Caregiver Awake
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Number of Times Caregiver Woke Up
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver's Itch Assessment on Day 14 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver's Itch Assessment on Day 3 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver's Itch Assessment on Day 7 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 12 Hours After Treatment
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 14 Days After Treatment
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 24 Hours After Treatment
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 3 Days After Treatment
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 7 Days After Treatment
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement Immediately Following Treatment
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Dryness Scale Score on Day 1 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Dryness Scale Score on Day 14 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Dryness Scale Score on Day 3 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Dryness Scale Score on Day 7 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 1 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 14 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 3 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 7 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 1 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 14 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 3 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 7 - Change From Baseline
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Child's Sleep a Problem
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Difficulty of Bedtime
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Responder Role
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Sleeping Arrangement
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Child's Sleep a Problem
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Difficulty of Bedtime
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Responder Role
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Sleeping Arrangement
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Child's Sleep a Problem
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Difficulty of Bedtime
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Responder Role
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7- Sleeping Arrangement
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02404493 (118) [back to overview]Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement Immediately Following Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 1 Hour After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 2 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 3 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 4 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 5 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 6 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 7 Days After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score Immediately Following Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 1 Hour After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 2 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 3 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 4 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 5 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 6 Hours After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 7 Days After Treatment
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Comfortable Showing Skin Over Past 2 Days
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 4 Hours After Treatment - Long Lasting Moisture
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 4 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feeling Soft
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 5 Hours After Treatment - Long Lasting Moisture
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 5 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feeling Soft
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Calms Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Comfortable Showing Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Degree of Comfortableness Showing Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Degree of Distraction by Itchy Eczema Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Distracted by Itchy Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Long Lasting Moisture
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Shield for Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feels Moisturized
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feels Soft
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feels Touchable
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Comfortable Showing Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Degree of Comfortableness Showing Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Degree of Distraction by Itchy Eczema Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Degree of Sleep
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Distracted by Itchy Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Long Lasting Moisture
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Moisturized All Day
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Product Does Not Rub Off on Sheets
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Shield for Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Calm
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Moisturized
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Smooth
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Soft
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Touchable
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin on Waking
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Slept Better
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire Immediately After Treatment - Calm Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Comfortable Showing Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Calmer Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire Immediately After Treatment - Product Fast Absorbing
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire Immediately After Treatment - Product Does Not Sting
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire Immediately After Treatment - Moisturized Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Touchable Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Soft Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Smooth Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Sleep During Past 2 Days
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Skin Upon Waking Over Past 2 Days
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Moisturized Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Distracted by Itchy Skin
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Distracted by Itchy Eczema Skin Over Past 2 Days
NCT02691507 (63) [back to overview]Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Calmer Skin on Waking
NCT04793711 (2) [back to overview]b. Change in Any Two Specific Skin Irritation Symptoms of at Least 2 Points on a 0-10 Point Scale Where 0 = None and 10 = Worst.
NCT04793711 (2) [back to overview]a. Change in Patient Reported Outcome of Overall Face and Hand Skin Irritation Symptoms From Baseline to Day 28, of at Least 2 Points on a 0-10 Point Scale Where 0 = None and 10 = Worst.

Digit Span Backward

The highest score is 35. The lowest score is 0. The higher the score indicates an improvement. (NCT00592072)
Timeframe: 90 minutes

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
EuglycemiaHypoglycemia
Type 1 Diabetes With MCT Oil0.600.58
Type 1 Diabetes Without MCT Oil0.640.54

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Delayed Verbal Memory

The highest score is 25 and the lowest score is 0. The higher scored indicate an improvement. (NCT00592072)
Timeframe: 90 minutes

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
EuglycemiaHypoglycemia
Type 1 Diabetes With MCT Oil14.8214.80
Type 1 Diabetes Without MCT Oil15.3311.58

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Digit Symbol Coding

The highest score is 133. The lowest score is 0. Higher scores indicate an improvement. (NCT00592072)
Timeframe: 90 minutes

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
EuglycemiaHypoglycemia
Type 1 Diabetes With MCT Oil72.5074.99
Type 1 Diabetes Without MCT Oil74.0468.56

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Immediate Verbal Memory

Results of cognitive function in diabetic patients using tests such as digit symbol substitution (a test of memory), tests of everyday attention, telephone book searching and map searching during either administration of medium chain triglyceride oil or a control solution. The goal was to determine whether the human brain is able to use medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) and /or their metabolites as an alternative fuel source and thus improve brain function during acute hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes. The lowest score is 0 and the highest score is 25. A higher score is an improvement. (NCT00592072)
Timeframe: 90 minutes

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
EuglycemiaHypoglycemia
Type 1 Diabetes With MCT Oil15.8514.97
Type 1 Diabetes Without MCT Oil17.3613.28

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Letter/Number Sequencing

The highest score is 21. The lowest score is 0. Higher scores indicate an improvement. (NCT00592072)
Timeframe: 90 minutes

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
EuglycemiaHypoglycemia
Type 1 Diabetes With MCT Oil12.0410.97
Type 1 Diabetes Without MCT Oil11.079.92

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Telephone Search

This is a ratio of how many symbols are found during a certain period of time. The highest ratio is the best result. (NCT00592072)
Timeframe: 90 minutes

,
Interventionsymbols/ 90 min (Least Squares Mean)
EuglycemiaHypoglycemia
Type 1 Diabetes With MCT Oil2.863.06
Type 1 Diabetes Without MCT Oil3.143.46

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Verbal Memory Recognition

The highest score is 15. The lowest score is 0. Higher scores indicate an improvement. (NCT00592072)
Timeframe: 90 minutes

,
Interventionunits on a scale (Least Squares Mean)
EuglycemiaHypoglycemia
Type 1 Diabetes With MCT Oil13.1913.29
Type 1 Diabetes Without MCT Oil14.2712.14

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Investigator Global Assessment of Improvement

"This measures the overall response to treatment and quantifies disease on a 6 point scale from completely clear to worsening of disease.0= Completely clear: except for possible residual hyperpigmentation, 1= Almost clear: very significant clearance (about 90%), 2 = Marked improvement: significant improvement (about 75%), 3= Moderate improvement: intermediate between slight and marked; representing about 50% improvements , 4= Slight improvement: some improvement (about 25%); however, significant disease remaining, 5 = No change from baseline, 6 = Worse" (NCT01093469)
Timeframe: Day 21

Interventionunits on a scale (Median)
Aquaphor Healing Ointment2
Atopiclair Nonsteroidal Cream2
EpiCream Skin Barrier Emulsion2

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream09941520
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0334200

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream03741870
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0133320

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021031590
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0123420

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft and Smooth Instantly

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream02571780
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0124320

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream011141940
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0131520

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021141480
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0123420

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021130500
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0840000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021103410
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0840000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream017153400
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0480000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream022121400
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0840000

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream061341321
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0251220

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream051341430
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0231420

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream001751250
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0141420

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream091231320
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0221520

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 1 Day

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream051041352
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0132402

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 1 Day

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream041111652
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0141402

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 1 Day

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream051171132
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0160302

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 1 Day

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream041331432
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0152202

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 1 Day

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01951752
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0113412

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 1 Day

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream011031762
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0112512

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 1 Day

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01851672
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0110712

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 1 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 1 Day

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01931592
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0111612

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - I Would Recommend This Product to Another Parent.

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream11029233
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0101181

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream028410105
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0131511

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021211203
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0100641

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021214173
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0100641

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream020314173
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0111441

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021313173
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0102441

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream012313173
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0100371

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream011415153
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0100371

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream013114173
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0100461

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream013211193
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0100371

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 2 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream031301373
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0221511

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 2 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021041373
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0221511

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 2 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream03851643
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0240411

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 2 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream03911763
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0231411

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 2 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01612173
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0120621

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 2 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01412373
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0111621

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 2 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01351893
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0121521

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 2 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 2 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream015216123
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0120621

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream02921295
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0131511

[back to top]

Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 1 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) and 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 1

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-0.027
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.100

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021213174
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0110541

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream021315144
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0111351

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream020316144
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0120441

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream022119114
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0120441

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream025212144
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0122331

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream024216114
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0131331

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream02467164
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0121431

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream025511124
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0122331

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01231995
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0111531

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01351875
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0111531

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01611885
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0101631

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Overall, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream01511985
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0111531

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream02821575
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0121521

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Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 14 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) and 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 14

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-0.861
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.455

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream02741655
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0122511

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Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 2 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) and 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 2

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-0.417
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.364

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Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 3 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) and 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 3

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-0.441
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.364

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Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 7 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) and 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 7

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-0.743
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.364

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Smooth

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream07931280
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0261300

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream08741370
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0261300

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Feels Soft and Smooth Instantly

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream067610100
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0144300

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - In the Areas Affected by Eczema, my Baby's Skin Looks Healthy

Questions were answered immediately post-treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'strongly disagree.' (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-Treatment

,
Interventionparticipants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agreeMissing
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream08981130
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion0182100

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Corneometer Measurement on Day 0 - Post-Treatment - Change From Baseline

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to eczema-affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. Pre-treatment readings ranged from 2.0 to 68.0. Post-treatment on Day 0, corneometer readings ranged from 10.3 to 86.3. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Post -Treatment on Day 0

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream17.277
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion11.544

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Corneometer Measurement on Day 1 - Change From Baseline

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to eczema-affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. Pre-treatment readings ranged from 2.0 to 68.0. On Day 1, corneometer readings ranged from 5.5 to 84.0. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 1

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream15.182
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion6.483

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Corneometer Measurement on Day 14 - Change From Baseline

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to eczema-affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. Pre-treatment readings ranged from 2.0 to 68.0. On Day 14, corneometer readings ranged from 5.7 to 73.1. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 14

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream15.253
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion7.818

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Corneometer Measurement on Day 2 - Change From Baseline

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to eczema-affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. Pre-treatment readings ranged from 2.0 to 68.0. On Day 2, corneometer readings ranged from 8.5 to 74.0. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 2

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream17.019
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion7.864

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Corneometer Measurement on Day 3 - Change From Baseline

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to eczema-affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. Pre-treatment readings ranged from 2.0 to 68.0. On Day 3, corneometer readings ranged from 8.0 to 65.3. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 3

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream16.276
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion7.661

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Corneometer Measurement on Day 7 - Change From Baseline

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to eczema-affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. Pre-treatment readings ranged from 2.0 to 68.0. On Day 7, corneometer readings ranged from 6.8 to 65.0. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 7

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream15.167
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion10.318

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 1 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (none) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 1

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-0.672
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.438

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 14 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (none) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 14

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-2.403
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-1.833

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 2 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (none) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 2

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-1.194
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.489

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 3 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (none) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 3

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-1.783
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.767

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 7 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (none) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02120833)
Timeframe: Baseline to Day 7

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Eczema Cream-2.410
EpiCeram® Skin Barrier Emulsion-1.233

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm011.841.25.923.517.6
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0066.716.716.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Skin Feels Soft Overall

"Questions were answered after treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0023.511.841.223.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0033.333.333.30

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Skin Looks Healthy Overall

"Questions were answered after treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm05.935.311.835.311.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0083.3016.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Skin Looks Smooth Overall

"Questions were answered after treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm05.935.317.623.517.6
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0066.716.716.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm041.229.411.811.85.9
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion050.033.3016.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm011.870.6011.85.9
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.783.3000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm041.241.25.95.95.9
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion033.350.0016.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Caregiver Energy Levels Over Past Week

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much energy have you had to engage with your family?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm5.9076.55.95.95.9
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0083.316.700

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Child Wanted to Play Over Past Week

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much has your child wanted to play?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0064.711.8023.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0033.3016.750.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Child's Mood Over Past Week

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, what has your child's mood been?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionVery happySomewhat happyNo changeSomewhat fussyVery fussy
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm035.317.617.629.40
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.7050.016.716.7

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Child's Mood Upon Waking in Morning

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Typically, how would you rate your child's mood when he/she wakes up in the morning?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionVery happySomewhat happyNo changeSomewhat fussyVery fussy
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm023.535.311.817.611.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.7016.750.016.7

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - How Alert Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how alert have you felt?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm5.911.847.123.5011.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion033.366.7000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - How Productive Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how productive have you been at work?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm23.5064.75.95.90
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion16.716.766.7000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - How Rested Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how rested have you felt?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm5.917.664.75.905.9
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion050.050.0000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Skin Feels Soft Overall

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm023.541.217.617.60
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.750.00033.3

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Skin Looks Healthy Overall

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm05.958.85.923.55.9
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0066.7016.716.7

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm06.306.337.550.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0020.020.0060.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0006.356.337.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0020.020.020.040.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm006.3062.531.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0020.020.020.040.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Caregiver Energy Levels Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much energy have you had to engage with your family?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0043.831.312.512.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0060.0020.020.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Child Wanted to Play Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much has your child wanted to play?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0043.818.818.818.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0040.0020.040.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Child's Mood Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, what has your child's mood been?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionVery happySomewhat happyNo changeSomewhat fussyVery fussy
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm012.525.056.36.30
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion020.040.040.000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Child's Mood Upon Waking in Morning

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Typically, how would you rate your child's mood when he/she wakes up in the morning?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionVery happySomewhat happyNo changeSomewhat fussyVery fussy
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm018.837.531.36.36.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0040.040.020.00

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - How Alert Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how alert have you felt?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0050.037.56.36.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0060.020.020.00

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - How Productive Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how productive have you been at work?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm6.3050.031.36.36.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0060.0040.00

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - How Rested Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how rested have you felt?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0040.040.013.36.7
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0060.020.0020.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Recommend Product

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is I would recommend this product to another parent." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm000043.856.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0020.00080.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Skin Feels Soft Overall

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0006.331.362.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion00020.020.060.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Skin Looks Healthy Overall

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm000068.831.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0020.0040.040.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Skin Looks Smooth Overall

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0006.362.531.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0020.0020.060.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after three days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm00012.568.818.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.733.316.733.30

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after three days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm006.36.375.012.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.716.733.333.30

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after three days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm006.312.575.06.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.733.3050.00

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Skin Feels Soft Overall

"Questions were answered after three days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm00018.856.325.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0016.716.750.016.7

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Skin Looks Healthy Overall

"Questions were answered after three days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm006.3087.56.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0016.716.766.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 3 - Skin Looks Smooth Overall

"Questions were answered after three days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 3 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0018.812.550.018.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0050.0050.00

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm00012.562.525.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0050.00050.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm006.3062.531.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.733.3016.733.3

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Baby's Skin Looks Smooth in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm006.36.368.818.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.733.30050.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Caregiver Energy Levels Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much energy have you had to engage with your family?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0037.537.518.86.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0066.716.716.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Child Wanted to Play Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much has your child wanted to play?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0056.318.812.512.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0050.016.716.716.7

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Child's Mood Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, what has your child's mood been?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionVery happySomewhat happyNo changeSomewhat fussyVery fussy
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm037.537.525.000
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion033.316.750.000

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Child's Mood Upon Waking in Morning

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Typically, how would you rate your child's mood when he/she wakes up in the morning?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionVery happySomewhat happyNo changeSomewhat fussyVery fussy
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm025.050.012.512.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0016.766.716.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - How Alert Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how alert have you felt?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0050.037.56.36.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0066.716.716.70

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - How Productive Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how productive have you been at work?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm12.5043.831.36.36.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0066.716.716.70

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - How Rested Caregiver Felt Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how rested have you felt?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionLess than last weekNo differenceA little moreA lot moreAll the time
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm06.331.343.812.56.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.750.016.716.70

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Skin Feels Soft Overall

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm00012.543.843.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion00033.3066.7

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Skin Looks Healthy Overall

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm06.36.3050.037.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0033.3016.750.0

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Skin Looks Smooth Overall

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm006.3056.337.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0016.716.716.750.0

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Skin Looks Smooth Overall

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Overall, my baby's skin looks smooth." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm029.441.211.817.60
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion033.350.00016.7

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Longest Time Child is Asleep During the Night

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On average, what is the longest stretch of time that your child is asleep during the night without waking up? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm6.28
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion5.58

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Number of Naps Child Takes During the Day

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On a typical day, how many naps does your child take? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

Interventionnumber of naps (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.2
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.0

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Number of Times Child Awakes During the Night

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How many times does your child typically wake during the night? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

Interventionnumber of times (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.6
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion2.3

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Time Child Usually Put to Bed

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What time do you usually put your child to bed at night? Time is represented as post meridiem (pm). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

Interventionhours.minutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm9.04
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion9.10

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Time for Child to Fall Asleep

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How long does it typically take your child to fall asleep? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

Interventionminutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm27.6
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion27.5

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Total Time Child Awake During the Night

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How much total time during the night is your child typically awake? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

Interventionminutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm26.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion44.2

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Total Time Child is Asleep During the Night

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On average, how much total time does your child spend sleeping during the night? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm8.46
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion9.08

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Total Time Child Sleeps During the Day

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Typically, how much total time does your child spend sleeping during the day? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.32
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.57

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Longest Time Child is Asleep During the Night

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On average, what is the longest stretch of time that your child is asleep during the night without waking up? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm8.19
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion4.90

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Number of Naps Child Takes During the Day

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On a typical day, how many naps does your child take? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionnumber of naps (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.2
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.2

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Number of Times Child Awakes During the Night

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How many times does your child typically wake during the night? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionnumber of times (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.1
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.6

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Time Child Usually Put to Bed

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What time do you usually put your child to bed at night? Time is represented as post meridiem (pm). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionhours.minutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm8.48
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion9.14

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Time for Child to Fall Asleep

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How long does it typically take your child to fall asleep? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionminutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm23.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion27.0

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Total Time Child Awake During the Night

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How much total time during the night is your child typically awake? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionminutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm14.7
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion37.0

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Total Time Child is Asleep During the Night

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On average, how much total time does your child spend sleeping during the night? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm8.99
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion9.00

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Total Time Child Sleeps During the Day

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Typically, how much total time does your child spend sleeping during the day? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.06
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.55

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Longest Time Child is Asleep During the Night

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On average, what is the longest stretch of time that your child is asleep during the night without waking up? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm7.70
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion6.58

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Number of Naps Child Takes During the Day

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On a typical day, how many naps does your child take? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionnumber of naps (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.2

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Number of Times Child Awakes During the Night

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How many times does your child typically wake during the night? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionnumber of times (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.1
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.8

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Time Child Usually Put to Bed

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What time do you usually put your child to bed at night? Time is represented as post meridiem (pm). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionhours.minutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm8.46
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion9.27

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Time for Child to Fall Asleep

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How long does it typically take your child to fall asleep? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionminutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm28.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion22.5

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Total Time Child Awake During the Night

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: How much total time during the night is your child typically awake? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionminutes (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm17.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion44.2

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Total Time Child is Asleep During the Night

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: On average, how much total time does your child spend sleeping during the night? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm8.81
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion9.17

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Total Time Child Sleeps During the Day

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Typically, how much total time does your child spend sleeping during the day? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.10
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion2.29

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Amount of Sleep Caregiver Got Over Past Week

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much sleep did you get at night?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm6.48
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion6.19

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Amount of Time Caregiver Awake

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is If you did wake up during the night, how much time were you awake (on average) before falling back asleep?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0.79
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.36

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Number of Times Caregiver Woke Up

"Questions were answered before treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is How many times did you wake up during the night?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

Interventionnumber of times (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.2
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion5.7

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Amount of Sleep Caregiver Got Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much sleep did you get at night?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm7.99
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.40

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Amount of Time Caregiver Awake

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is If you did wake up during the night, how much time were you awake (on average) before falling back asleep?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0.22
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0.87

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 14 - Number of Times Caregiver Woke Up

"Questions were answered after 14 days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is How many times did you wake up during the night?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

Interventionnumber of times (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.6

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Amount of Sleep Caregiver Got Over Past Week

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is Over this past week, how much sleep did you get at night?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm7.89
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.42

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Amount of Time Caregiver Awake

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is If you did wake up during the night, how much time were you awake (on average) before falling back asleep?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionhours (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0.32
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0.74

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 7 - Number of Times Caregiver Woke Up

"Questions were answered after seven days of treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is How many times did you wake up during the night?" (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

Interventionnumber of times (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.1
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion1.7

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Caregiver's Itch Assessment on Day 14 - Change From Baseline

An assessment of dryness based on the following scale, 0 (don't have an opinion), 1 (none), 2 (a little), 3 (a lot), 4 (all the time). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 14

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-1.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-1.20

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Caregiver's Itch Assessment on Day 3 - Change From Baseline

An assessment of dryness based on the following scale, 0 (don't have an opinion), 1 (none), 2 (a little), 3 (a lot), 4 (all the time). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 3

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.73
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-1.00

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Caregiver's Itch Assessment on Day 7 - Change From Baseline

An assessment of dryness based on the following scale, 0 (don't have an opinion), 1 (none), 2 (a little), 3 (a lot), 4 (all the time). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 7

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.87
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-1.17

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 12 Hours After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to 12 Hours After treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm55.12
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion2.11

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 14 Days After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to 14 Days After treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm158.65
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion23.60

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 24 Hours After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to 24 Hours After treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm178.35
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion14.83

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 3 Days After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to 3 Days After treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm226.85
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion8.17

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 7 Days After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to 7 Days After treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm208.52
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion17.50

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement Immediately Following Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 0 - immediately post treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm656.31
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion234.72

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Dryness Scale Score on Day 1 - Change From Baseline

An assessment of dryness based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) to 4 (severe dryness). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 1

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.2
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0.0

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Dryness Scale Score on Day 14 - Change From Baseline

An assessment of dryness based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) to 4 (severe dryness). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 14

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-1.2
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-1.5

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Dryness Scale Score on Day 3 - Change From Baseline

An assessment of dryness based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) to 4 (severe dryness). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 3

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.9
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.5

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Dryness Scale Score on Day 7 - Change From Baseline

An assessment of dryness based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (none) to 4 (severe dryness). (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 7

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-1.2
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-1.3

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 1 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 1

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0.04
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.12

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 14 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 14

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.74
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.85

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 3 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 3

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.54
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.48

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Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) on Day 7 - Change From Baseline

The surface and severity of eczema is measured using the Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI). A regional body surface area tabulation based on severity ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe), and severity of signs of disease, then multiplied by body area with final calculation ranging from 0-72. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 7

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.73
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.15

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Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 1 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 1

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.1
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.2

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Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 14 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 14

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.6
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-1.0

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Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 3 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 3

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.5

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Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA) on Day 7 - Change From Baseline

The signs and symptoms of eczema are measured using the Investigator's Global Atopic Dermatitis Assessment (IGADA). An assessment of atopic dermatitis based on a 4 point scale, ranging from 0 (absent) to 3 (severe), is used to describe signs and symptoms in 4 designated body regions. Based on the presence or absence of the total number of signs and symptoms, the final rating is categorized as clear, almost clear, mild, moderate, severe, or very severe. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: Day 0 - Pretreatment (Baseline) to Day 7

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm-0.4
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion-0.7

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Child's Sleep a Problem

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Do you consider your child's sleep a problem? Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system ranged from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'a serious problem'. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionNot a problem at allA very small problemA small problemA moderate problemA serious problem
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm011.841.223.523.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0016.733.333.316.7

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Difficulty of Bedtime

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Typically, how difficult is bedtime for your child? Caregiver answered based on a 5 point system ranging from 'very easy' to 'very difficult'. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Very easySomewhat easySomewhat difficultModerately difficultVery difficult
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm5.952.917.617.65.9
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion16.750.016.7016.7

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Responder Role

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What is the role of the responder? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
FatherMotherGrandparentOther
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm010000
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion010000

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 0 Pretreatment (Baseline) - Sleeping Arrangement

Questions were answered before treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What is the sleeping arrangement? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days Pretreatment (Baseline)

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Infant crib separate roomInfant crib parent's roomIn parent's bedInfant crib in room with siblingOther
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm23.541.217.6017.6
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion33.3050.0016.7

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Child's Sleep a Problem

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Do you consider your child's sleep a problem? Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system ranged from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'a serious problem'. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionNot a problem at allA very small problemA small problemA moderate problemA serious problem
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm031.331.325.06.36.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0060.020.020.00

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Difficulty of Bedtime

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Typically, how difficult is bedtime for your child? Caregiver answered based on a 5 point system ranging from 'very easy' to 'very difficult'. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Very easySomewhat easySomewhat difficultModerately difficultVery difficult
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm12.556.325.06.30
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion060.040.000

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Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Responder Role

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What is the role of the responder? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
FatherMotherGrandparentOther
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm010000
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion010000

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 14 - Sleeping Arrangement

Questions were answered 14 days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What is the sleeping arrangement? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 14 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Infant crib separate roomInfant crib parent's roomIn parent's bedInfant crib in room with siblingOther
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm18.837.518.812.512.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion20.0060.0020.0

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Child's Sleep a Problem

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Do you consider your child's sleep a problem? Caregiver answered based on a 6 point system ranged from 'I don't have an opinion' to 'a serious problem'. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionNot a problem at allA very small problemA small problemA moderate problemA serious problem
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm018.850.018.86.36.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion016.750.0016.716.7

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Difficulty of Bedtime

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: Typically, how difficult is bedtime for your child? Caregiver answered based on a 5 point system ranging from 'very easy' to 'very difficult'. (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Very easySomewhat easySomewhat difficultModerately difficultVery difficult
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm6.343.831.312.56.3
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion050.033.316.70

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7 - Responder Role

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What is the role of the responder? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
FatherMotherGrandparentOther
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm010000
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion010000

[back to top]

Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) - Day 7- Sleeping Arrangement

Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant's caregiver. This survey collects data about sleeping venue, position, hours of sleep at night and during the day, as well as night-wakings and sleep latency. The question is: What is the sleeping arrangement? (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 7 Days

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Infant crib separate roomInfant crib parent's roomIn parent's bedInfant crib in room with siblingOther
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm12.537.518.818.812.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion33.3050.0016.7

[back to top]

Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Baby's Skin Feels Soft in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin feels soft." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm0029.45.941.223.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0050.033.316.70

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Caregiver Questionnaire on Day 0 Post-treatment - Baby's Skin Looks Healthy in Areas Affected by Eczema

"Questions were answered after treatment by participant's caregiver. Questions included overall look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth) of participant's skin, and affected area's look (smooth, healthy) and feel (soft, smooth). The question is In the areas affected by eczema, my baby's skin looks healthy." (NCT02404493)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Post-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
I don't have an opinionStrongly disagreeSomewhat disagreeNeither agree nor disagreeSomewhat agreeStrongly agree
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm05.941.217.623.511.8
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0066.716.716.70

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement Immediately Following Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to Immediately following treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm48.26
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion21.71

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 1 Hour After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to one hour after treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm27.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.84

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 2 Hours After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to two hours after treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm23.20
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.32

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 3 Hours After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to three hours after treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm21.05
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion8.07

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 4 Hours After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to four hours after treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm19.65
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion5.75

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 5 Hours After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to five hours after treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm21.48
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.31

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 6 Hours After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to six hours after treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm18.71
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion6.05

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Change From Baseline in Mean Corneometer Measurement 7 Days After Treatment

Corneometer is a non-invasive instrument that measures hydration on the skin surface. During assessment, the corneometer was placed at a site adjacent to affected skin areas. Corneometer readings are directly related to the skin's electrical capacitance and increase as the skin becomes more hydrated. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to seven days after treatment

Interventionarbitrary units (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm21.01
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.99

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Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score Immediately Following Treatment

The severity of the itch was assessed by the subject using a 0-10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) where 0 = no itch and 10 = worst itch imaginable. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to immediately following treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm1.93
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion2.64

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Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 1 Hour After Treatment

The severity of the itch was assessed by the subject using a 0-10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) where 0 = no itch and 10 = worst itch imaginable. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to one hour after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm3.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion3.08

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Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 2 Hours After Treatment

The severity of the itch was assessed by the subject using a 0-10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) where 0 = no itch and 10 = worst itch imaginable. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to two hours after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm3.46
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion3.65

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Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 3 Hours After Treatment

The severity of the itch was assessed by the subject using a 0-10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) where 0 = no itch and 10 = worst itch imaginable. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to three hours after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm3.93
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion4.88

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Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 4 Hours After Treatment

The severity of the itch was assessed by the subject using a 0-10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) where 0 = no itch and 10 = worst itch imaginable. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to four hours after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm3.85
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion4.92

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Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 5 Hours After Treatment

The severity of the itch was assessed by the subject using a 0-10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) where 0 = no itch and 10 = worst itch imaginable. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to five hours after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm4.06
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion5.25

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Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 6 Hours After Treatment

The severity of the itch was assessed by the subject using a 0-10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) where 0 = no itch and 10 = worst itch imaginable. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to six hours after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm4.07
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion5.55

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Change From Baseline in the Itch Assessment Score 7 Days After Treatment

The severity of the itch was assessed by the subject using a 0-10 cm visual analog scale (VAS) where 0 = no itch and 10 = worst itch imaginable. (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Baseline to seven days after treatment

Interventionunits on a scale (Mean)
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm4.22
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion6.53

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Comfortable Showing Skin Over Past 2 Days

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about how comfortable you felt showing your skin during the last two days, would you say that you were" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Extremely comfortableVery comfortableModerately comfortableSlightly comfortableNot at all comfortableI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.52.527.530.032.55.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion007.723.169.20

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Participant Questionnaire 4 Hours After Treatment - Long Lasting Moisture

"Questions were answered four hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product provides long lasting moisture" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Four hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm55.025.02.510.05.02.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion38.546.207.77.70

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Participant Questionnaire 4 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feeling Soft

"Questions were answered four hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product leaves my skin feeling soft" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Four hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm40.045.07.55.002.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion46.238.50015.40

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Participant Questionnaire 5 Hours After Treatment - Long Lasting Moisture

"Questions were answered five hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product provides long lasting moisture" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Five hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm60.027.52.52.55.02.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion61.530.807.700

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Participant Questionnaire 5 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feeling Soft

"Questions were answered five hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product leaves my skin feeling soft" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Five hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm47.535.02.57.52.55.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion53.830.87.77.700

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Calms Skin

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product calms my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm47.535.07.57.52.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion61.530.87.7000

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Comfortable Showing Skin

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is I feel comfortable showing my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm35.030.015.012.55.02.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion38.538.57.77.77.70

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Degree of Comfortableness Showing Skin

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about how comfortable you felt showing your skin after using this product, would you say that you were" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Extremely comfortableVery comfortableModerately comfortableSlightly comfortableNot at all comfortableI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm22.527.540.02.52.55.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion23.130.830.87.77.70

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Degree of Distraction by Itchy Eczema Skin

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about your experience after using this product, please describe your degree of being distracted by your itchy, eczema skin. Would you say you were" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Not at all distractedSlightly distractedModerately distractedVery distractedExtremely distractedI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm35.040.017.57.500
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion23.146.215.415.400

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Distracted by Itchy Skin

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is I'm less distracted by my itchy skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm52.527.512.57.500
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion53.838.57.7000

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Long Lasting Moisture

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product provides long lasting moisture" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm60.027.52.510.000
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion38.553.8007.70

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Shield for Skin

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product feels like a shield for my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm37.537.517.57.500
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion38.561.50000

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feels Moisturized

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product leaves my skin feeling moisturized" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm57.527.52.510.002.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion46.238.57.77.700

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feels Smooth

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product leaves my skin feeling smooth" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm45.032.57.55.07.52.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion53.830.807.77.70

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feels Soft

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product makes my skin feel soft" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm50.030.010.05.02.52.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion53.830.807.77.70

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Participant Questionnaire 6 Hours After Treatment - Skin Feels Touchable

"Questions were answered six hours after treatment by the participant. The question is This product makes my skin feel touchable" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Six hours after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm42.535.05.012.52.52.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion61.515.47.715.400

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Comfortable Showing Skin

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is I feel comfortable showing my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm42.532.57.512.55.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion50.041.708.300

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Degree of Comfortableness Showing Skin

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about how comfortable you felt showing your skin while using this product, would you say that you were" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Extremely comfortableVery comfortableModerately comfortableSlightly comfortableNot at all comfortableI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm25.037.517.517.52.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion25.033.333.38.300

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Degree of Distraction by Itchy Eczema Skin

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about your experience while using this product, please describe your degree of being distracted by your itchy, eczema skin. Would you say you were" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Not at all distractedSlightly distractedModerately distractedVery distractedExtremely distractedI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm33.356.45.105.10
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion33.350.00016.70

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Degree of Sleep

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about how well you slept when using this product, would you say your sleep was?" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 7 days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Very goodModerately goodNeither bad nor goodModerately badVery badI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm45.030.020.02.52.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion50.050.00000

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Distracted by Itchy Skin

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is I'm less distracted by my itchy skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm55.032.52.52.57.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion83.316.70000

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Long Lasting Moisture

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product provides long lasting moisture to my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm65.022.52.52.57.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion50.041.708.300

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Moisturized All Day

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product leaves my skin feeling moisturized all day" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm67.517.52.57.55.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion33.350.0016.700

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Product Does Not Rub Off on Sheets

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product does not rub off on sheets" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm42.525.010.010.012.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion83.316.70000

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Shield for Skin

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product feels like a shield for my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm52.530.012.502.52.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion66.725.08.3000

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Calm

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product calms my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm60.032.502.55.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion66.733.30000

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Moisturized

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product leaves my skin feeling moisturized" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm72.522.5005.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion50.050.00000

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Smooth

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product leaves my skin feeling smooth" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm60.027.52.55.05.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion66.725.008.300

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Soft

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product makes my skin feel soft" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm65.027.52.505.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion50.050.00000

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin Feels Touchable

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is This product makes my skin feel touchable" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm57.522.55.010.05.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion41.758.30000

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Skin on Waking

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about your experience when using this product, how would you describe your skin upon awakening?" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Extremely calmVery calmModerately calmSlightly calmNot at all calmI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm32.530.027.55.05.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion8.358.325.008.30

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Slept Better

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is I slept better due to less itching or skin discomfort" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm45.030.017.55.02.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion41.758.30000

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Participant Questionnaire Immediately After Treatment - Calm Skin

"Questions were answered immediately after treatment by the participant. The question is This product calms my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Immediately after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm30.037.515.012.52.52.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion53.838.57.7000

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Comfortable Showing Skin

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is I feel comfortable showing my skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm15.05.012.525.037.55.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion07.730.815.446.20

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Calmer Skin

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is I wake up to calmer skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm10.010.05.037.537.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.723.1023.146.20

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Participant Questionnaire Immediately After Treatment - Product Fast Absorbing

"Questions were answered immediately after treatment by the participant. The question is This product is fast absorbing" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Immediately after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm22.542.515.012.55.02.5
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion53.838.507.700

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Participant Questionnaire Immediately After Treatment - Product Does Not Sting

"Questions were answered immediately after treatment by the participant. The question is This product does not sting when applied" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Immediately after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm50.032.52.510.05.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion53.87.7023.115.40

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Participant Questionnaire Immediately After Treatment - Moisturized Skin

"Questions were answered immediately after treatment by the participant. The question is This product leaves my skin feeling immediately moisturized" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Immediately after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm42.540.015.02.500
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion38.546.27.77.700

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Touchable Skin

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is My skin feels touchable" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm7.510.07.540.030.05.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.77.77.738.538.50

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Soft Skin

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is My skin feels soft" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.52.510.030.050.05.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion07.715.415.461.50

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Smooth Skin

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is My skin feels smooth" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.52.510.032.552.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion007.723.169.20

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Sleep During Past 2 Days

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about how well you slept during the past two days, would you say your sleep was?" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Very goodModerately goodNeither bad nor goodModerately badVery badI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm5.025.015.037.517.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion023.115.446.215.40

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Skin Upon Waking Over Past 2 Days

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about your experience over the past two days, how would you describe your skin upon awakening?" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Extremely calmVery calmModerately calmSlightly calmNot at all calmI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.5022.530.035.010.0
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion7.7015.423.153.80

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Moisturized Skin

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is My skin feels moisturized" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm05.07.527.560.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion00023.176.90

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Distracted by Itchy Skin

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is I'm less distracted by my itchy skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm7.57.57.537.540.00
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion00038.561.50

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Participant Questionnaire on Day 0 Pre-treatment - Distracted by Itchy Eczema Skin Over Past 2 Days

"Questions were answered before treatment by the participant. The question is Thinking about your experience over the past two days, please describe your degree of being distracted by your itchy, eczema skin. Would you say you were" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: 0 Days - Pre-treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Not at all distractedSlightly distractedModerately distractedVery distractedExtremely distractedI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm2.57.535.037.517.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion0023.161.515.40

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Participant Questionnaire 7 Days After Treatment - Calmer Skin on Waking

"Questions were answered seven days after treatment by the participant. The question is I wake up to calmer skin" (NCT02691507)
Timeframe: Seven days after treatment

,
Interventionpercentage of participants (Number)
Strongly agreeSomewhat agreeNeither agree or disagreeSomewhat disagreeStrongly disagreeI don't have an opinion
1% Colloidal Oatmeal Balm65.020.05.02.57.50
EpiCeram Skin Barrier Emulsion66.725.0008.30

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b. Change in Any Two Specific Skin Irritation Symptoms of at Least 2 Points on a 0-10 Point Scale Where 0 = None and 10 = Worst.

"A subjective assessment of irritation of face and hands for each of 7 symptoms using an ordinal scale of 0-10 where 0 = no irritation and 10 = worst irritation felt~pain~redness~dryness~cracking~roughness~itchiness~overall skin irritation" (NCT04793711)
Timeframe: From baseline to Day 28

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Active Arm EpiCeram0

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a. Change in Patient Reported Outcome of Overall Face and Hand Skin Irritation Symptoms From Baseline to Day 28, of at Least 2 Points on a 0-10 Point Scale Where 0 = None and 10 = Worst.

A subjective assessment by the subject of combined, overall irritation of face and hands using an ordinal scale of 0-10 where 0 = no irritation and 10 = worst irritation felt (NCT04793711)
Timeframe: From baseline to Day 28

Interventionparticipants (Number)
Active Arm Epiceram0

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SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
alpha-ketoisovalerate
alpha-ketoisovalerate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of isovaleric acid.		1.96102-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
branched-chain keto acid		human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
alpha-ketoglutaric acid
2-oxoglutaric acid : An oxo dicarboxylic acid that consists of glutaric acid bearing an oxo substituent at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in Krebs cycle.		2.0810oxo dicarboxylic acidfundamental metabolite
2-keto-4-methylvalerate
alpha-ketoisocaproic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid.. 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid (valeric acid) substituted with a keto group at C-2 and a methyl group at C-4. A metabolite that has been found to accumulate in maple syrup urine disease.		1.96102-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
branched-chain keto acid		algal metabolite;
human metabolite
acetoacetic acid
acetoacetic acid : A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is butyric acid bearing a 3-oxo substituent.		2.38203-oxo fatty acid;
ketone body		metabolite
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.		2.4720amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
[no description available]		1.9610hydroxybenzaldehydeEC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.		4.1950monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
plant metabolite
acetic acid
Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.		3.1650monocarboxylic acidantimicrobial food preservative;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
food acidity regulator;
protic solvent
adenine
[no description available]		1.98106-aminopurines;
purine nucleobase		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
adipic acid
adipic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,4-dicarboxy derivative of butane.		2.3820alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		food acidity regulator;
human xenobiotic metabolite
ammonium hydroxide
azane : Saturated acyclic nitrogen hydrides having the general formula NnHn+2.		2.0210azane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride		EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotoxin;
NMR chemical shift reference compound;
nucleophilic reagent;
refrigerant
beta-alanine
[no description available]		2.0810amino acid zwitterion;
beta-amino acid		agonist;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
inhibitor;
neurotransmitter
benzoic acid
Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.		3.5620benzoic acidsalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
benzyl alcohol
Benzyl Alcohol: A colorless liquid with a sharp burning taste and slight odor. It is used as a local anesthetic and to reduce pain associated with LIDOCAINE injection. Also, it is used in the manufacture of other benzyl compounds, as a pharmaceutic aid, and in perfumery and flavoring.. hydroxytoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. benzyl alcohol : An aromatic alcohol that consists of benzene bearing a single hydroxymethyl substituent.. aromatic alcohol : Any alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.. aromatic primary alcohol : Any primary alcohol in which the alcoholic hydroxy group is attached to a carbon which is itself bonded to an aromatic ring.		3.110benzyl alcoholsantioxidant;
fragrance;
metabolite;
solvent
bromide
Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed)		2.1310halide anion;
monoatomic bromine
butyric acid
Butyric Acid: A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.. butyrate : A short-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of butyric acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group.. butyric acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is butane in which one of the terminal methyl groups has been oxidised to a carboxy group.		4.83100fatty acid 4:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		human urinary metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
formic acid
formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.		2.0610monocarboxylic acidantibacterial agent;
astringent;
metabolite;
protic solvent;
solvent
carnitine
[no description available]		4.3460amino-acid betainehuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
methane
Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).		3.4511alkane;
gas molecular entity;
mononuclear parent hydride;
one-carbon compound		bacterial metabolite;
fossil fuel;
greenhouse gas
choline
[no description available]		2.6920cholinesallergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutrient;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citric acid, anhydrous
Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.		2.4820tricarboxylic acidantimicrobial agent;
chelator;
food acidity regulator;
fundamental metabolite
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.		2.420halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
hydrochloric acid
Hydrochloric Acid: A strong corrosive acid that is commonly used as a laboratory reagent. It is formed by dissolving hydrogen chloride in water. GASTRIC ACID is the hydrochloric acid component of GASTRIC JUICE.. hydrogen chloride : A mononuclear parent hydride consisting of covalently bonded hydrogen and chlorine atoms.		210chlorine molecular entity;
gas molecular entity;
hydrogen halide;
mononuclear parent hydride		mouse metabolite
2-cresol
2-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. o-cresol : A cresol that is phenol substituted by a methyl group at position 2. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.		1.9610cresolhuman xenobiotic metabolite
salicylic acid
Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).		3.7730monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
3-methylcatechol
3-methylbenzene-1,2-diol: structure in first source. dihydroxytoluene : Any hydroxytoluene that has two hydroxy substituents. 3-methylcatechol : A methylcatechol carrying a methyl substituent at position 3. It is a xenobiotic metabolite produced by some bacteria capable of degrading nitroaromatic compounds present in pesticide-contaminated soil samples.		2.0510methylcatecholbacterial xenobiotic metabolite
3-cresol
3-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. m-cresol : A cresol with the methyl substituent at position 3. It is a minor urinary metabolite of toluene.		1.9610cresolhuman xenobiotic metabolite
octane
Octanes: Eight-carbon saturated hydrocarbon group of the methane series. Include isomers and derivatives.. octane : A straight chain alkane composed of 8 carbon atoms.		2.0510alkanexenobiotic
gallic acid
gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.		3.110trihydroxybenzoic acidantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
astringent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
octanoic acid
octanoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1764. octanoic acid : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid that is heptane in which one of the hydrogens of a terminal methyl group has been replaced by a carboxy group. Octanoic acid is also known as caprylic acid.		9.89733medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		antibacterial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
4-aminophenol
4-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-aminophenol : An amino phenol (one of the three possible isomers) which has the single amino substituent located para to the phenolic -OH group.		3.4820aminophenolallergen;
metabolite
3-hydroxybutyric acid
3-Hydroxybutyric Acid: BUTYRIC ACID substituted in the beta or 3 position. It is one of the ketone bodies produced in the liver.. 3-hydroxybutyric acid : A straight-chain 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising a butyric acid core with a single hydroxy substituent in the 3- position; a ketone body whose levels are raised during ketosis, used as an energy source by the brain during fasting in humans. Also used to synthesise biodegradable plastics.		3.1350(omega-1)-hydroxy fatty acid;
3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybutyric acid		human metabolite
3-chlorobenzoic acid
[no description available]		1.9610monochlorobenzoic aciddrug metabolite
caprylic aldehyde
caprylic aldehyde: structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #1765. octanal : A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of caprylic acid (octanoic acid).		2.0510medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		plant metabolite
guaiacol
Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.		2.420guaiacolsdisinfectant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
expectorant;
plant metabolite
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.97402-hydroxy monocarboxylic acidalgal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite
ethanolamine
[no description available]		1.9910ethanolamines;
primary alcohol;
primary amine		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
glycine
[no description available]		3.1150alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid		EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical
glycerol
Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.		2.9940alditol;
triol		algal metabolite;
detergent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
solvent
glycolic acid
glycolic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glycolic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid where the methyl group has been hydroxylated.		2.13102-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
primary alcohol		keratolytic drug;
metabolite
hydrogen carbonate
Bicarbonates: Inorganic salts that contain the -HCO3 radical. They are an important factor in determining the pH of the blood and the concentration of bicarbonate ions is regulated by the kidney. Levels in the blood are an index of the alkali reserve or buffering capacity.. hydrogencarbonate : The carbon oxoanion resulting from the removal of a proton from carbonic acid.		1.9610carbon oxoanioncofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
dalteparin
Dalteparin: A low-molecular-weight fragment of heparin, prepared by nitrous acid depolymerization of porcine mucosal heparin. The mean molecular weight is 4000-6000 daltons. It is used therapeutically as an antithrombotic agent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed)		2.0210
hydroquinone
[no description available]		3.110benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent
imidazole
imidazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1H-imidazole : An imidazole tautomer which has the migrating hydrogen at position 1.		1.9910imidazole
lipoamide
Lipozyme: lipase from Rhizomucor miehei immobilized on anion exchange resin		2.0510dithiolanes;
monocarboxylic acid amide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
thioctic acid
Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS.		2.0710dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
thia fatty acid		fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector
methanol
Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.		8.520alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
melatonin
[no description available]		2.0410acetamides;
tryptamines		anticonvulsant;
central nervous system depressant;
geroprotector;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunological adjuvant;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
n,n-dimethylaniline
N,N-dimethylaniline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. dimethylaniline : A methylaniline carrying at least two methyl groups.. N,N-dimethylaniline : A tertiary amine that is aniline in which the amino hydrogens are replaced by two methyl groups.		3.110dimethylaniline;
tertiary amine
1-octanol
1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1.		2.0510octanol;
primary alcohol		antifungal agent;
bacterial metabolite;
fuel additive;
kairomone;
plant metabolite
4-nitrophenol
4-nitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. mononitrophenol : A nitrophenol that is phenol carrying a single nitro substituent at unspecified position.. 4-nitrophenol : A member of the class of 4-nitrophenols that is phenol in which the hydrogen that is para to the hydroxy group has been replaced by a nitro group.		3.48204-nitrophenolshuman xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
palmitic acid
Palmitic Acid: A common saturated fatty acid found in fats and waxes including olive oil, palm oil, and body lipids.. hexadecanoic acid : A straight-chain, sixteen-carbon, saturated long-chain fatty acid.		4.55240long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
EC 1.1.1.189 (prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
pentachlorophenol
PENTA: structure given in first source		1.9610aromatic fungicide;
chlorophenol;
organochlorine pesticide;
pentachlorobenzenes		human xenobiotic metabolite
phenol
[no description available]		3.4820phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phosphorylcholine
Phosphorylcholine: Calcium and magnesium salts used therapeutically in hepatobiliary dysfunction.. phosphocholine : The phosphate of choline; and the parent compound of the phosphocholine family.		2.0610phosphocholinesallergen;
epitope;
hapten;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
phthalic acid
phthalic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7178. phthalic acid : A benzenedicarboxylic acid cosisting of two carboxy groups at ortho positions.		2.1110benzenedicarboxylic acidhuman xenobiotic metabolite
propylene glycol
Propylene Glycol: A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.. propane-1,2-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze.		2.0110glycol;
propane-1,2-diols		allergen;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
protic solvent
1-propanol
1-Propanol: A colorless liquid made by oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons that is used as a solvent and chemical intermediate.. propan-1-ol : The parent member of the class of propan-1-ols that is propane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.2110propan-1-ols;
short-chain primary fatty alcohol		metabolite;
protic solvent
propionic acid
propionic acid : A short-chain saturated fatty acid comprising ethane attached to the carbon of a carboxy group.		2.5220saturated fatty acid;
short-chain fatty acid		antifungal drug
pyrogallol
benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.		3.5320benzenetriol;
phenolic donor		plant metabolite
pyruvic acid
Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis.		1.99102-oxo monocarboxylic acidcofactor;
fundamental metabolite
succinic acid
Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle.		2.0810alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
C4-dicarboxylic acid		anti-ulcer drug;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
radiation protective agent
sulfuric acid
sulfuric acid : A sulfur oxoacid that consists of two oxo and two hydroxy groups joined covalently to a central sulfur atom.		2.1310sulfur oxoacidcatalyst
thymine
[no description available]		1.9810pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
tryptophan
[no description available]		3.110alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
aminoalkylindole;
aromatic amino acid;
polar amino acid		Daphnia magna metabolite
uracil
2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder		2.1510pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
urea
pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.		2.420isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound		Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
vanillin
Vanilla: A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that is the source of the familiar flavoring used in foods and medicines (FLAVORING AGENTS).		3.110benzaldehydes;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
flavouring agent;
plant metabolite
catechin
[no description available]		3.110hydroxyflavan
alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid
alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid: An IBOTENIC ACID homolog and glutamate agonist. The compound is the defining agonist for the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, AMPA). It has been used as a radionuclide imaging agent but is more commonly used as an experimental tool in cell biological studies.		2.610non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid
menthol
Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.		9.3250p-menthane monoterpenoid;
secondary alcohol		volatile oil component
1,2-didecanoylglycerol
1,2-didecanoylglycerol: functions as bioregulator of protein kinase C in human platelets; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		1.98101,2-diglyceride;
decanoate ester
1-aminobenzotriazole
[no description available]		1.9910
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.		4.06140aminonaphthalene;
naphthalenesulfonic acid		fluorescent probe
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines.		2.0710chlorophenoxyacetic acid;
dichlorobenzene		agrochemical;
defoliant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
phenoxy herbicide;
synthetic auxin
beta-resorcylic acid
beta-resorcylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.6620
2,4-dinitrophenol
2,4-Dinitrophenol: A toxic dye, chemically related to trinitrophenol (picric acid), used in biochemical studies of oxidative processes where it uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. It is also used as a metabolic stimulant. (Stedman, 26th ed). dinitrophenol : Members of the class of nitrophenol carrying two nitro substituents.. 2,4-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 4-positions.		1.9910dinitrophenolallergen;
antiseptic drug;
bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
geroprotector;
oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor
2-aminofluorene
[no description available]		3.110
alpha-hydroxymyristic acid
2-hydroxymyristic acid : A long-chain fatty acid that is a derivative of myristic acid having a hydroxy substituent at C-2.		2.25102-hydroxy fatty acid;
long-chain fatty acid
homovanillic acid
Homovanillic Acid: A 3-O-methyl ETHER of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid.. homovanillate : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid anion which is obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of homovanillic acid.. homovanillic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is the 3-O-methyl ether of (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acetic acid. It is a catecholamine metabolite.		3.110guaiacols;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
6-hydroxymelatonin
6-hydroxymelatonin : A member of the class of tryptamines that is melatonin with a hydroxy group substituent at position 6.		3.110acetamides;
tryptamines		metabolite;
mouse metabolite
7,8-dihydroxyflavone
7,8-dihydroxyflavone : A dihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8. A dihydroxyflavone that is flavone substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8. A naturally occurring flavonoid produced by several plants, including the weed Tridax procumbens (coalbuttons or tridax daisy) and the tree Godmania aesculifolia, In animal models, it has shown efficacy against several diseases of the nervous system, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's.		2.0510dihydroxyflavoneantidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
plant metabolite;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist
oxyquinoline
Oxyquinoline: An antiseptic with mild fungistatic, bacteriostatic, anthelmintic, and amebicidal action. It is also used as a reagent and metal chelator, as a carrier for radio-indium for diagnostic purposes, and its halogenated derivatives are used in addition as topical anti-infective agents and oral antiamebics.. quinolin-8-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 8. Its fungicidal properties are used for the control of grey mould on vines and tomatoes.		3.110monohydroxyquinolineantibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug;
iron chelator
acetaminophen
Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.		3.5220acetamides;
phenols		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
ferroptosis inducer;
geroprotector;
hepatotoxic agent;
human blood serum metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
albuterol
Albuterol: A short-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist that is primarily used as a bronchodilator agent to treat ASTHMA. Albuterol is prepared as a racemic mixture of R(-) and S(+) stereoisomers. The stereospecific preparation of R(-) isomer of albuterol is referred to as levalbuterol.. albuterol : A member of the class of phenylethanolamines that is 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)-2-(hydroxymethyl)phenol having a tert-butyl group attached to the nirogen atom. It acts as a beta-adrenergic agonist used in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).		2.0110phenols;
phenylethanolamines;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
theophylline
[no description available]		2.1510dimethylxanthineadenosine receptor antagonist;
anti-asthmatic drug;
anti-inflammatory agent;
bronchodilator agent;
drug metabolite;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
fungal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
immunomodulator;
muscle relaxant;
vasodilator agent
amitriptyline
Amitriptyline: Tricyclic antidepressant with anticholinergic and sedative properties. It appears to prevent the re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin at nerve terminals, thus potentiating the action of these neurotransmitters. Amitriptyline also appears to antagonize cholinergic and alpha-1 adrenergic responses to bioactive amines.. amitriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5.		3.5220carbotricyclic compound;
tertiary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
environmental contaminant;
tropomyosin-related kinase B receptor agonist;
xenobiotic
amsacrine
Amsacrine: An aminoacridine derivative that intercalates into DNA and is used as an antineoplastic agent.. amsacrine : A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide substituted by a methoxy group at position 3 and an acridin-9-ylamino group at position 4. It exhibits antineoplastic activity.		2.0210acridines;
aromatic ether;
sulfonamide		antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
antipyrine
Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.		3.3911pyrazoloneantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
aspirin
Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.		3.110benzoic acids;
phenyl acetates;
salicylates		anticoagulant;
antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
plant activator;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
prostaglandin antagonist;
teratogenic agent
butylbenzyl phthalate
spatozoate: structure in first source		2.1110benzyl ester
berberine
[no description available]		3.1850alkaloid antibiotic;
berberine alkaloid;
botanical anti-fungal agent;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor;
EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
metabolite;
potassium channel blocker
beta-naphthoflavone
beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308). beta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone.		3.110extended flavonoid;
naphtho-gamma-pyrone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist
bisindolylmaleimide i
bisindolylmaleimide I: a bis(indolyl)maleimide		210
bumetanide
[no description available]		3.110amino acid;
benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		diuretic;
EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		2.0810aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
carbamazepine
Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.		3.110dibenzoazepine;
ureas		analgesic;
anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
glutamate transporter activator;
mitogen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
sodium channel blocker;
xenobiotic
chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma.		3.110monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidepressant;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
chlorpromazine
Chlorpromazine: The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking DOPAMINE RECEPTORS. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.. chlorpromazine : A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety.		3.110organochlorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
ciprofibrate
[no description available]		3.110cyclopropanes;
monocarboxylic acid;
organochlorine compound		antilipemic drug
clofibrate
angiokapsul: contains clofibrate & insoitolnicotinate		3.110aromatic ether;
ethyl ester;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
clofibric acid
Clofibric Acid: An antilipemic agent that is the biologically active metabolite of CLOFIBRATE.. clofibric acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is isobutyric acid substituted at position 2 by a p-chlorophenoxy group. It is a metabolite of the drug clofibrate.		3.110aromatic ether;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		anticholesteremic drug;
antilipemic drug;
antineoplastic agent;
herbicide;
marine xenobiotic metabolite;
PPARalpha agonist
4-chloro-N-(2,6-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl)-3-sulfamoylbenzamide
[no description available]		3.110sulfonamide
4-cresol
4-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd. p-cresol : A cresol that consists of toluene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4. It is a metabolite of aromatic amino acid metabolism produced by intestinal microflora in humans and animals.		3.4820cresolEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
uremic toxin
cyclopentylamine
[no description available]		2.0510
cyproheptadine
Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.		3.110piperidines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antipruritic drug;
gastrointestinal drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
danthron
danthron: structure. chrysazin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 8.		3.110dihydroxyanthraquinoneapoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite
dapsone
[no description available]		3.110substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
desipramine
Desipramine: A tricyclic dibenzazepine compound that potentiates neurotransmission. Desipramine selectively blocks reuptake of norepinephrine from the neural synapse, and also appears to impair serotonin transport. This compound also possesses minor anticholinergic activity, through its affinity to muscarinic receptors.. desipramine : A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group.		3.110dibenzoazepine;
secondary amino compound		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
alpha-adrenergic antagonist;
antidepressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
drug allergen;
EC 3.1.4.12 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
H1-receptor antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor
diazepam
Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.		2.39201,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anticonvulsant;
anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
sedative;
xenobiotic
diflunisal
Diflunisal: A salicylate derivative and anti-inflammatory analgesic with actions and side effects similar to those of ASPIRIN.. diflunisal : An organofluorine compound comprising salicylic acid having a 2,4-difluorophenyl group at the 5-position.		3.110monohydroxybenzoic acid;
organofluorine compound		non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
3,3'-diindolylmethane
3,3'-diindolylmethane: anti-inflammatory from edible cruciferous vegetables; a cytochrome P-450 antagonist		2.5920indolesantineoplastic agent;
P450 inhibitor
diphenhydramine
Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.		3.110ether;
tertiary amino compound		anti-allergic agent;
antidyskinesia agent;
antiemetic;
antiparkinson drug;
antipruritic drug;
antitussive;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
muscarinic antagonist;
oneirogen;
sedative
valproic acid
Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS.. valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem.		3.4820branched-chain fatty acid;
branched-chain saturated fatty acid		anticonvulsant;
antimanic drug;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
GABA agent;
neuroprotective agent;
psychotropic drug;
teratogenic agent
doxepin
Doxepin: A dibenzoxepin tricyclic compound. It displays a range of pharmacological actions including maintaining adrenergic innervation. Its mechanism of action is not fully understood, but it appears to block reuptake of monoaminergic neurotransmitters into presynaptic terminals. It also possesses anticholinergic activity and modulates antagonism of histamine H(1)- and H(2)-receptors.. doxepin : A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug.		3.110dibenzooxepine;
tertiary amino compound		antidepressant
doxylamine
Doxylamine: Histamine H1 antagonist with pronounced sedative properties. It is used in allergies and as an antitussive, antiemetic, and hypnotic. Doxylamine has also been administered in veterinary applications and was formerly used in PARKINSONISM.		3.110pyridines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
antiemetic;
antitussive;
cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
sedative
embelin
embelin: from Embelia fruit (Myrsinaceae). embelin : A member of the class of dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinones that is 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone which is substituted by an undecyl group at position 3. Isolated from Lysimachia punctata and Embelia ribes, it exhibits antimicrobial, antineoplastic and inhibitory activity towards hepatitis C protease.		2.5920dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinonesantimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
hepatitis C protease inhibitor;
plant metabolite
emodin
Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.		3.110trihydroxyanthraquinoneantineoplastic agent;
laxative;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays.		2.9140
ethacrynic acid
Ethacrynic Acid: A compound that inhibits symport of sodium, potassium, and chloride primarily in the ascending limb of Henle, but also in the proximal and distal tubules. This pharmacological action results in excretion of these ions, increased urinary output, and reduction in extracellular fluid. This compound has been classified as a loop or high ceiling diuretic.. etacrynic acid : An aromatic ether that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the phenyl ring is substituted by chlorines at positions 2 and 3, and by a 2-methylidenebutanoyl group at position 4. It is a loop diuretic used to treat high blood pressure resulting from diseases such as congestive heart failure, liver failure, and kidney failure. It is also a glutathione S-transferase (EC 2.5.1.18) inhibitor.		3.110aromatic ether;
aromatic ketone;
dichlorobenzene;
monocarboxylic acid		EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor;
ion transport inhibitor;
loop diuretic
fenoprofen
Fenoprofen: A propionic acid derivative that is used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent.. fenoprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding.		3.110monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
berotek
Fenoterol: A synthetic adrenergic beta-2 agonist that is used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic.. fenoterol : A member of the class resorcinols that is 5-(1-hydroxyethyl)benzene-1,3-diol in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-amino group. A beta2-adrenergic agonist, it is used (as the hydrobromide salt) as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airway obstruction.		3.110resorcinols;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound		beta-adrenergic agonist;
bronchodilator agent;
sympathomimetic agent;
tocolytic agent
fluconazole
Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.		2.3110conazole antifungal drug;
difluorobenzene;
tertiary alcohol;
triazole antifungal drug		environmental contaminant;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
fluphenazine
[no description available]		3.110N-alkylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		anticoronaviral agent;
dopaminergic antagonist;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
fluorescite
fluorescein (acid form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent and commonly used as a fluorescent tracer.		3.110benzoic acids;
cyclic ketone;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
phenols;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
fluoxetine
Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.		2.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound
flurbiprofen
Flurbiprofen: An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic of the phenylalkynoic acid series. It has been shown to reduce bone resorption in periodontal disease by inhibiting CARBONIC ANHYDRASE.. flurbiprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is a 2-fluoro-[1,1'-biphenyl-4-yl] moiety linked to C-2 of propionic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic, it is used as a pre-operative anti-miotic as well as orally for arthritis or dental pain.		2.1110fluorobiphenyl;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
furosemide
Furosemide: A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with fast onset and short duration that is used for EDEMA and chronic RENAL INSUFFICIENCY.. furosemide : A chlorobenzoic acid that is 4-chlorobenzoic acid substituted by a (furan-2-ylmethyl)amino and a sulfamoyl group at position 2 and 5 respectively. It is a diuretic used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.		3.110chlorobenzoic acid;
furans;
sulfonamide		environmental contaminant;
loop diuretic;
xenobiotic
glutaral
Glutaral: One of the protein CROSS-LINKING REAGENTS that is used as a disinfectant for sterilization of heat-sensitive equipment and as a laboratory reagent, especially as a fixative.. glutaraldehyde : A dialdehyde comprised of pentane with aldehyde functions at C-1 and C-5.		2.1310dialdehydecross-linking reagent;
disinfectant;
fixative
1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine
1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine: A specific protein kinase C inhibitor, which inhibits superoxide release from human neutrophils (PMN) stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate or synthetic diacylglycerol.. 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine : A member of the class of N-sulfonylpiperazines that is 2-methylpiperazine substituted at position 1 by a 5-isoquinolinesulfonyl group.		210isoquinolines;
N-sulfonylpiperazine		EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor
hexachlorophene
Hexachlorophene: A chlorinated bisphenol antiseptic with a bacteriostatic action against Gram-positive organisms, but much less effective against Gram-negative organisms. It is mainly used in soaps and creams and is an ingredient of various preparations used for skin disorders. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p797). hexachlorophene : An organochlorine compound that is diphenylmethane in which each of the phenyl groups is substituted by chlorines at positions 2, 3, and 5, and by a hydroxy group at position 6. An antiseptic that is effective against Gram-positive organisms, it is used in soaps and creams for the treatment of various skin disorders. It is also used in agriculture as an acaricide and fungicide, but is not approved for such use within the European Union.		1.9610bridged diphenyl fungicide;
polyphenol;
trichlorobenzene		acaricide;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agrochemical;
antiseptic drug
ibuprofen
Midol: combination of cinnamedrine, phenacetin, aspirin & caffeine		4.140monocarboxylic acidantipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
radical scavenger;
xenobiotic
lidocaine
Lidocaine: A local anesthetic and cardiac depressant used as an antiarrhythmia agent. Its actions are more intense and its effects more prolonged than those of PROCAINE but its duration of action is shorter than that of BUPIVACAINE or PRILOCAINE.. lidocaine : The monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of N,N-diethylglycine with 2,6-dimethylaniline.		2.4220benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
local anaesthetic;
xenobiotic
imipramine
Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.		3.110dibenzoazepineadrenergic uptake inhibitor;
antidepressant;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.		3.8130aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole		analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic
ketoprofen
Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.		3.110benzophenones;
oxo monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
ketotifen
Ketotifen: A cycloheptathiophene blocker of histamine H1 receptors and release of inflammatory mediators. It has been proposed for the treatment of asthma, rhinitis, skin allergies, and anaphylaxis.. ketotifen : An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 4,9-dihydro-10H-benzo[4,5]cyclohepta[1,2-b]thiophen-10-one which is substituted at position 4 by a 1-methylpiperidin-4-ylidene group. A blocker of histamine H1 receptors with a stabilising action on mast cells, it is used (usually as its hydrogen fumarate salt) for the treatment of asthma, where it may take several weeks to exert its full effect.		3.110cyclic ketone;
olefinic compound;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
organosulfur heterocyclic compound;
piperidines;
tertiary amino compound		anti-asthmatic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist
kynurenic acid
Kynurenic Acid: A broad-spectrum excitatory amino acid antagonist used as a research tool.. kynurenic acid : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid that is quinoline-2-carboxylic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at C-4.		2.0810monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid		G-protein-coupled receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
neuroprotective agent;
nicotinic antagonist;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
labetalol
Labetalol: A salicylamide derivative that is a non-cardioselective blocker of BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS.. labetalol : A diastereoisomeric mixture of approximately equal amounts of all four possible stereoisomers ((R,S)-labetolol, (S,R)-labetolol, (S,S)-labetalol and (R,R)-labetalol). It is an adrenergic antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.. 2-hydroxy-5-{1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl}benzamide : A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2 and by a 1-hydroxy-2-[(4-phenylbutan-2-yl)amino]ethyl group at position 5.		3.110benzamides;
benzenes;
phenols;
primary carboxamide;
salicylamides;
secondary alcohol;
secondary amino compound
lamotrigine
[no description available]		3.1101,2,4-triazines;
dichlorobenzene;
primary arylamine		anticonvulsant;
antidepressant;
antimanic drug;
calcium channel blocker;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
geroprotector;
non-narcotic analgesic;
xenobiotic
lauric acid
dodecanoic acid : A straight-chain, twelve-carbon medium-chain saturated fatty acid with strong bactericidal properties; the main fatty acid in coconut oil and palm kernel oil.		9.01612medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
lorazepam
Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.		3.110benzodiazepine
losartan
Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position		3.110biphenylyltetrazole;
imidazoles		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
endothelin receptor antagonist
loxapine
Loxapine: An antipsychotic agent used in SCHIZOPHRENIA.		3.110dibenzooxazepineantipsychotic agent;
dopaminergic antagonist
meperidine
Meperidine: A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.. pethidine : A piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain.		3.110ethyl ester;
piperidinecarboxylate ester;
tertiary amino compound		antispasmodic drug;
kappa-opioid receptor agonist;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
mesalamine
Mesalamine: An anti-inflammatory agent, structurally related to the SALICYLATES, which is active in INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. It is considered to be the active moiety of SULPHASALAZINE. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed). mesalamine : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at the 5-position.		3.110amino acid;
aromatic amine;
monocarboxylic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid;
phenols		non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
metformin
Metformin: A biguanide hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus not responding to dietary modification. Metformin improves glycemic control by improving insulin sensitivity and decreasing intestinal absorption of glucose. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p289). metformin : A member of the class of guanidines that is biguanide the carrying two methyl substituents at position 1.		3.2310guanidinesenvironmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
xenobiotic
methyl salicylate
methyl salicylate: used in over-the-counter liniments, ointments, lotions for relief of musculoskeletal aches and pains; has hemolytic effect on human & sheep erythrocytes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #5990. methyl salicylate : A benzoate ester that is the methyl ester of salicylic acid.		1.9610benzoate ester;
methyl ester;
salicylates		flavouring agent;
insect attractant;
metabolite
metronidazole
Metronidazole: A nitroimidazole used to treat AMEBIASIS; VAGINITIS; TRICHOMONAS INFECTIONS; GIARDIASIS; ANAEROBIC BACTERIA; and TREPONEMAL INFECTIONS.. metronidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles substituted at C-1, -2 and -5 with 2-hydroxyethyl, nitro and methyl groups respectively. It has activity against anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, and has a radiosensitising effect on hypoxic tumour cells. It may be given by mouth in tablets, or as the benzoate in an oral suspension. The hydrochloride salt can be used in intravenous infusions. Metronidazole is a prodrug and is selective for anaerobic bacteria due to their ability to intracellularly reduce the nitro group of metronidazole to give nitroso-containing intermediates. These can covalently bind to DNA, disrupting its helical structure, inducing DNA strand breaks and inhibiting bacterial nucleic acid synthesis, ultimately resulting in bacterial cell death.		2.4220C-nitro compound;
imidazoles;
primary alcohol		antiamoebic agent;
antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
antiparasitic agent;
antitrichomonal drug;
environmental contaminant;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
mexiletine
Mexiletine: Antiarrhythmic agent pharmacologically similar to LIDOCAINE. It may have some anticonvulsant properties.. mexiletine : An aromatic ether which is 2,6-dimethylphenyl ether of 2-aminopropan-1-ol.		3.110aromatic ether;
primary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug
midodrine
Midodrine: An ethanolamine derivative that is an adrenergic alpha-1 agonist. It is used as a vasoconstrictor agent in the treatment of HYPOTENSION.. midodrine : An aromatic ether that is 1,4-dimethoxybenzene which is substituted at position 2 by a 2-(glycylamino)-1-hydroxyethyl group. A direct-acting sympathomimetic with selective alpha-adrenergic agonist activity, it is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a peripheral vasoconstrictor in the treatment of certain hypotensive states. The main active moiety is its major metabolite, deglymidodrine.		2.0110amino acid amide;
aromatic ether;
secondary alcohol		alpha-adrenergic agonist;
prodrug;
sympathomimetic agent;
vasoconstrictor agent
mitoxantrone
Mitoxantrone: An anthracenedione-derived antineoplastic agent.. mitoxantrone : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by 6-hydroxy-1,4-diazahexyl groups at positions 5 and 8.		3.110dihydroxyanthraquinoneanalgesic;
antineoplastic agent
ml 7
ML-7 : An N-sulfonyldiazepane resullting from the formal condensation of 5-iodo-1-naphthylsulfonic acid with one of the nitrogens of 1,4-diazepane. It is a selective inhibitor of myosin light chain kinase (EC 2.7.11.18).		2.0310N-sulfonyldiazepane;
organoiodine compound		EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor
nicardipine
Nicardipine: A potent calcium channel blockader with marked vasodilator action. It has antihypertensive properties and is effective in the treatment of angina and coronary spasms without showing cardiodepressant effects. It has also been used in the treatment of asthma and enhances the action of specific antineoplastic agents.. nicardipine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-nicardipine. It is a calcium channel blocker which is used to treat hypertension.. 2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethyl methyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine substituted by a methyl, {2-[benzyl(methyl)amino]ethoxy}carbonyl, 3-nitrophenyl, methoxycarbonyl and methyl groups at positions 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, respectively.		210benzenes;
C-nitro compound;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester;
tertiary amino compound
nifedipine
Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.		2.1110C-nitro compound;
dihydropyridine;
methyl ester		calcium channel blocker;
human metabolite;
tocolytic agent;
vasodilator agent
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		2.0110fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
nortriptyline
Nortriptyline: A metabolite of AMITRIPTYLINE that is also used as an antidepressive agent. Nortriptyline is used in major depression, dysthymia, and atypical depressions.. nortriptyline : An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline.		3.110organic tricyclic compound;
secondary amine		adrenergic uptake inhibitor;
analgesic;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
drug metabolite
oxazepam
Oxazepam: A benzodiazepine used in the treatment of anxiety, alcohol withdrawal, and insomnia.. oxazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5.		3.1101,4-benzodiazepinone;
organochlorine compound		anxiolytic drug;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
oxyphenbutazone
Oxyphenbutazone: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Oxyphenbutazone eyedrops have been used abroad in the management of postoperative ocular inflammation, superficial eye injuries, and episcleritis. (From AMA, Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2000) It had been used by mouth in rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis but such use is no longer considered justified owing to the risk of severe hematological adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p27). oxyphenbutazone : A metabolite of phenylbutazone obtained by hydroxylation at position 4 of one of the phenyl rings. Commonly used (as its hydrate) to treat pain, swelling and stiffness associated with arthritis and gout, it was withdrawn from the market 1984 following association with blood dyscrasis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.		3.110phenols;
pyrazolidines		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antipyretic;
drug metabolite;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite
aminosalicylic acid
Aminosalicylic Acid: An antitubercular agent often administered in association with ISONIAZID. The sodium salt of the drug is better tolerated than the free acid.. 4-aminosalicylic acid : An aminobenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by an amino group at position 4.		3.110aminobenzoic acid;
phenols		antitubercular agent
quinone
benzoquinone : The simplest members of the class of benzoquinones, consisting of cyclohexadiene which is substituted by two oxo groups.. 1,4-benzoquinone : The simplest member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones, obtained by the formal oxidation of hydroquinone to the corresponding diketone. It is a metabolite of benzene.. quinone : Compounds having a fully conjugated cyclic dione structure, such as that of benzoquinones, derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of -CH= groups into -C(=O)- groups with any necessary rearrangement of double bonds (polycyclic and heterocyclic analogues are included).		2.05101,4-benzoquinonescofactor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pantoprazole
Pantoprazole: 2-pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazole proton pump inhibitor that is used in the treatment of GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX and PEPTIC ULCER.. pantoprazole : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1H-benzimidazole substituted by a difluoromethoxy group at position 5 and a [(3,4-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl group at position 2.		2.0810aromatic ether;
benzimidazoles;
organofluorine compound;
pyridines;
sulfoxide		anti-ulcer drug;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
4-chlorophenol
4-chlorophenol: used as a root canal irrigant. 4-chlorophenol : A monochlorophenol substituted at the pare position by a chlorine atom.		1.9610monochlorophenol
pheniramine
Pheniramine: One of the HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS with little sedative action. It is used in treatment of hay fever, rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, and pruritus.		3.110pyridines;
tertiary amino compound
phenobarbital
Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.		3.110barbituratesanticonvulsant;
drug allergen;
excitatory amino acid antagonist;
sedative
phenolphthalein
Phenolphthalein: An acid-base indicator which is colorless in acid solution, but turns pink to red as the solution becomes alkaline. It is used medicinally as a cathartic.		3.110phenols
phenolsulfonphthalein
Phenolsulfonphthalein: Red dye, pH indicator, and diagnostic aid for determination of renal function. It is used also for studies of the gastrointestinal and other systems.. phenol red : 3H-2,1-Benzoxathiole 1,1-dioxide in which both of the hydrogens at position 3 have been substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups. A pH indicator changing colour from yellow below pH 6.8 to bright pink above pH 8.2, it is commonly used as an indicator in cell cultures and in home swimming pool test kits. It is also used in the (now infrequently performed) phenolsulfonphthalein (PSP) test for estimation of overall blood flow through the kidney.		3.78302,1-benzoxathiole;
arenesulfonate ester;
phenols;
sultone		acid-base indicator;
diagnostic agent;
two-colour indicator
phenylbutazone
Phenylbutazone: A butyl-diphenyl-pyrazolidinedione that has anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and analgesic activities. It has been used in ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; and REACTIVE ARTHRITIS.. phenylbutazone : A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position.		3.110pyrazolidinesantirheumatic drug;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
metabolite;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
pioglitazone
Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		3.2310aromatic ether;
pyridines;
thiazolidinediones		antidepressant;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hypoglycemic agent;
insulin-sensitizing drug;
PPARgamma agonist;
xenobiotic
potassium chloride
Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.		2.1310inorganic chloride;
inorganic potassium salt;
potassium salt		fertilizer
probenecid
Probenecid: The prototypical uricosuric agent. It inhibits the renal excretion of organic anions and reduces tubular reabsorption of urate. Probenecid has also been used to treat patients with renal impairment, and, because it reduces the renal tubular excretion of other drugs, has been used as an adjunct to antibacterial therapy.. probenecid : A sulfonamide in which the nitrogen of 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid is substituted with two propyl groups.		3.5320benzoic acids;
sulfonamide		uricosuric drug
promethazine
Promethazine: A phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. It is used as an antiallergic, in pruritus, for motion sickness and sedation, and also in animals.. promethazine : A tertiary amine that is a substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropan-2-amine moiety.		3.110phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anti-allergic agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic;
sedative
propidium
Propidium: Quaternary ammonium analog of ethidium; an intercalating dye with a specific affinity to certain forms of DNA and, used as diiodide, to separate them in density gradients; also forms fluorescent complexes with cholinesterase which it inhibits.		1.9910phenanthridines;
quaternary ammonium ion		fluorochrome;
intercalator
propofol
Propofol: An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.. propofol : A phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group.		3.110phenolsanticonvulsant;
antiemetic;
intravenous anaesthetic;
radical scavenger;
sedative
propranolol
Propranolol: A widely used non-cardioselective beta-adrenergic antagonist. Propranolol has been used for MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; ARRHYTHMIA; ANGINA PECTORIS; HYPERTENSION; HYPERTHYROIDISM; MIGRAINE; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA; and ANXIETY but adverse effects instigate replacement by newer drugs.. propranolol : A propanolamine that is propan-2-ol substituted by a propan-2-ylamino group at position 1 and a naphthalen-1-yloxy group at position 3.		3.5120naphthalenes;
propanolamine;
secondary amine		anti-arrhythmia drug;
antihypertensive agent;
anxiolytic drug;
beta-adrenergic antagonist;
environmental contaminant;
human blood serum metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
propyl gallate
Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.		3.110trihydroxybenzoic acid
pyrilamine
Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group.		3.110aromatic ether;
ethylenediamine derivative		H1-receptor antagonist
1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxy anthraquinone
1,2,5,8-tetrahydroxy anthraquinone: structure in first source. quinalizarin : A tetrahydroxyanthraquinone having the four hydroxy groups at the 1-, 2-, 5- and 8-positions.		3.110tetrahydroxyanthraquinoneEC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor
resorcinol
resorcinol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #7951. resorcinol : A benzenediol that is benzene dihydroxylated at positions 1 and 3.		1.9610benzenediol;
phenolic donor;
resorcinols		erythropoietin inhibitor;
sensitiser
salicylamide
salamide: a major impurity of hydrochlorothiazide; structure in first source		3.110phenols;
salicylamides		antirheumatic drug;
non-narcotic analgesic
sebacic acid
sebacic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,8-dicarboxy derivative of octane.		2.3720alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
sodium fluoride
[no description available]		2.0510fluoride saltmutagen
stearic acid
octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.		3.83110long-chain fatty acid;
saturated fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
sulfadimethoxine
Sulfadimethoxine: A sulfanilamide that is used as an anti-infective agent.. sulfadimethoxine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine having methoxy substituents at the 2- and 6-positions and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 4-position.		3.110aromatic ether;
pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfathiazole
Sulfathiazole: A sulfathiazole compound that is used as a short-acting anti-infective agent. It is no longer commonly used systemically due to its toxicity, but may still be applied topically in combination with other drugs for the treatment of vaginal and skin infections, and is still used in veterinary medicine.. sulfathiazole : A 1,3-thiazole compound having a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.		3.1101,3-thiazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
drug allergen;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfinpyrazone
Sulfinpyrazone: A uricosuric drug that is used to reduce the serum urate levels in gout therapy. It lacks anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and diuretic properties.		3.110pyrazolidines;
sulfoxide		uricosuric drug
sumatriptan
Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.		2.0210sulfonamide;
tryptamines		serotonergic agonist;
vasoconstrictor agent
suprofen
Suprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It inhibits prostaglandin synthesis and has been proposed as an anti-arthritic.. suprofen : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group.		3.110aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		antirheumatic drug;
drug allergen;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
peripheral nervous system drug
temazepam
Temazepam: A benzodiazepine that acts as a GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID modulator and anti-anxiety agent.		3.110benzodiazepine
terfenadine
Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.		3.110diarylmethane
tetracaine
Tetracaine: A potent local anesthetic of the ester type used for surface and spinal anesthesia.. tetracaine : A benzoate ester in which 4-N-butylbenzoic acid and 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol have combined to form the ester bond; a local ester anaesthetic (ester caine) used for surface and spinal anaesthesia.		2.4620benzoate ester;
tertiary amino compound		local anaesthetic
thonzylamine
thonzylamine: major descriptor (72-84); file-maintained to PYRIMIDINES		3.110methoxybenzenes
tiaprofenic acid
tiaprofenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tiaprofenic acid : An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by benzoyl and at C-4 by a 1-carboxyethyl group.		3.110aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
thiophenes		drug allergen;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
triclosan
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
dichlorobenzene;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimalarial;
drug allergen;
EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
fungicide;
persistent organic pollutant;
xenobiotic
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		3.110N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
triflupromazine
Triflupromazine: A phenothiazine used as an antipsychotic agent and as an antiemetic.. triflupromazine : A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position.		3.110organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines;
tertiary amine		anticoronaviral agent;
antiemetic;
dopaminergic antagonist;
first generation antipsychotic
tripelennamine
Tripelennamine: A histamine H1 antagonist with low sedative action but frequent gastrointestinal irritation. It is used to treat ASTHMA; HAY FEVER; URTICARIA; and RHINITIS; and also in veterinary applications. Tripelennamine is administered by various routes, including topically.		3.110aromatic amine
troglitazone
Troglitazone: A chroman and thiazolidinedione derivative that acts as a PEROXISOME PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTORS (PPAR) agonist. It was formerly used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS, but has been withdrawn due to hepatotoxicity.		2.0510chromanes;
thiazolidinone		anticoagulant;
anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
hypoglycemic agent;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
vasodilator agent
undecylenic acid
undecylenic acid: a fatty acid with a terminal double bond. 10-undecenoic acid : An undecenoic acid having its double bond in the 10-position. It is derived from castor oil and is used for the treatment of skin problems.. undecenoic acid : A C11, straight-chain fatty acid carrying a C=C double bond at any position.		2.110undecenoic acidantifungal drug;
plant metabolite
vigabatrin
[no description available]		210gamma-amino acidanticonvulsant;
EC 2.6.1.19 (4-aminobutyrate--2-oxoglutarate transaminase) inhibitor
pirinixic acid
pirinixic acid: structure		2.4110aryl sulfide;
organochlorine compound;
pyrimidines
zomepirac
zomepirac: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		3.110aromatic ketone;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes;
pyrroles		cardiovascular drug;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
corticosterone
[no description available]		3.11011beta-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
estriol
hormonin: estrogen replacement; each tablet contains 600 ug micronized 17beta-estradiol, 270 ug estriol and 1.4 mg estrone. chlorapatite : A phosphate mineral with the formula Ca5(PO4)3Cl.		3.11016alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		estrogen;
human metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
2-aminophenol
[no description available]		3.4820aminophenolbacterial metabolite
3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid
3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid: structure given in first source. 3,4-dichlorobenzoic acid : A chlorobenzoic acid carrying chloro substituents at positions 3 and 4.		1.9610chlorobenzoic acid
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions.		3.1102-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine		antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
carbachol
Carbachol: A slowly hydrolyzed CHOLINERGIC AGONIST that acts at both MUSCARINIC RECEPTORS and NICOTINIC RECEPTORS.		210ammonium salt;
carbamate ester		cardiotonic drug;
miotic;
muscarinic agonist;
nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist;
non-narcotic analgesic
aldosterone
[no description available]		3.11011beta-hydroxy steroid;
18-oxo steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
C21-steroid hormone;
mineralocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
steroid aldehyde		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
penicillamine
Penicillamine: 3-Mercapto-D-valine. The most characteristic degradation product of the penicillin antibiotics. It is used as an antirheumatic and as a chelating agent in Wilson's disease.. penicillamine : An alpha-amino acid having the structure of valine substituted at the beta position with a sulfanyl group.		2.0310non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
penicillamine		antirheumatic drug;
chelator;
copper chelator;
drug allergen
tetrahydrocortisol
[no description available]		3.11011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone
prednisone
Prednisone: A synthetic anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid derived from CORTISONE. It is biologically inert and converted to PREDNISOLONE in the liver.. prednisone : A synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone (a beta-hydroxy group instead of the oxo group at position 11), which is the active drug and also a steroid.		3.11011-oxo steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid;
C21-steroid;
glucocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		adrenergic agent;
anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
immunosuppressive agent;
prodrug
tetrahydrocortisone
[no description available]		3.11021-hydroxy steroid
estrone
Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.		3.11017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
phenolic steroid;
phenols		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent;
estrogen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
androsterone
[no description available]		3.11017-oxo steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
androstanoid;
C19-steroid		androgen;
anticonvulsant;
human blood serum metabolite;
human metabolite;
human urinary metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
pheromone
etiocholanolone
Etiocholanolone: The 5-beta-reduced isomer of ANDROSTERONE. Etiocholanolone is a major metabolite of TESTOSTERONE and ANDROSTENEDIONE in many mammalian species including humans. It is excreted in the URINE.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-androstan-17-one : An androstanoid that is 5beta-androstane substituted by an alpha-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a metabolite of testosterone in mammals.		3.11017-oxo steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
androstanoid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dehydroepiandrosterone
Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.		3.11017-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
hydroxyacetylaminofluorene
Hydroxyacetylaminofluorene: A N-hydroxylated derivative of 2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE that has demonstrated carcinogenic action.		3.1102-acetamidofluorenes
pentylenetetrazole
Pentylenetetrazole: A pharmaceutical agent that displays activity as a central nervous system and respiratory stimulant. It is considered a non-competitive GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID antagonist. Pentylenetetrazole has been used experimentally to study seizure phenomenon and to identify pharmaceuticals that may control seizure susceptibility.. pentetrazol : An organic heterobicyclic compound that is 1H-tetrazole in which the hydrogens at positions 1 and 5 are replaced by a pentane-1,5-diyl group. A central and respiratory stimulant, it was formerly used for the treatment of cough and other respiratory tract disorders, cardiovascular disorders including hypotension, and pruritis.		2.1710organic heterobicyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound
triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine: A T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than thyroxine (T4). Most T3 is derived from peripheral monodeiodination of T4 at the 5' position of the outer ring of the iodothyronine nucleus. The hormone finally delivered and used by the tissues is mainly T3.. 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'- and 5-positions. Although some is produced in the thyroid, most of the 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine in the body is generated by mono-deiodination of L-thyroxine in the peripheral tissues. Its metabolic activity is about 3 to 5 times that of L-thyroxine. The sodium salt is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism.		3.1102-halophenol;
amino acid zwitterion;
iodophenol;
iodothyronine		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone
serine
Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.		2.0610L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
benz(a)anthracene
benz(a)anthracene: 4 fused rings of which one is angular in contrast to the linear NAPHTHACENES. tetraphene : An angular ortho-fused polycyclic arene consisting of four fused benzene rings.		3.110ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
tetraphenes
chloramphenicol
Amphenicol: Chloramphenicol and its derivatives.		3.110C-nitro compound;
carboxamide;
diol;
organochlorine compound		antibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
protein synthesis inhibitor
aspartic acid
Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.		1.9910aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.		7.3110amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid		EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
lysine
Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine.		2.0310aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sucrose
Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.		2.9540glycosyl glycosidealgal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
ethinyl estradiol
Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.		3.11017-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound		xenoestrogen
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.		1.9810ortho-fused polycyclic arene;
tetraphenes		carcinogenic agent
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol
2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also record for tetrachlorophenol with locants for chloro groups not specified. 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol : A tetrachlorophenol in which the chlorines are located at positions 2, 3, 4, and 6.		1.9610tetrachlorophenolxenobiotic metabolite
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.		3.81110ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector
phenylethyl alcohol
Phenylethyl Alcohol: An antimicrobial, antiseptic, and disinfectant that is used also as an aromatic essence and preservative in pharmaceutics and perfumery.. 2-phenylethanol : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a phenyl group at position 2.		3.420benzenes;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
fragrance;
plant growth retardant;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group.		1.9610amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
aniline
[no description available]		3.110anilines;
primary arylamine
lactose
Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.		2.0610lactose
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4.		1.9910aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.		2.0210
phenylalanine
Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.		2.110amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
phenylalanine;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
desoxycorticosterone
Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE		3.11020-oxo steroid;
21-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
mineralocorticoid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
n-hexanal
[no description available]		2.0510medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		human urinary metabolite
cycloheximide
Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.		1.9610antibiotic fungicide;
cyclic ketone;
dicarboximide;
piperidine antibiotic;
piperidones;
secondary alcohol		anticoronaviral agent;
bacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
protein synthesis inhibitor
egtazic acid
Egtazic Acid: A chelating agent relatively more specific for calcium and less toxic than EDETIC ACID.. ethylene glycol bis(2-aminoethyl)tetraacetic acid : A diether that is ethylene glycol in which the hydrogens of the hydroxy groups have been replaced by 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl group respectively.		3.150diether;
tertiary amino compound;
tetracarboxylic acid		chelator
norethindrone
Norethindrone: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE but functioning as a more potent inhibitor of ovulation. It has weak estrogenic and androgenic properties. The hormone has been used in treating amenorrhea, functional uterine bleeding, endometriosis, and for CONTRACEPTION.. norethisterone : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at position 17 is replaced by an ethynyl group and in which the methyl group attached to position 10 is replaced by hydrogen.		3.11017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
terminal acetylenic compound;
tertiary alcohol		progestin;
synthetic oral contraceptive
norethynodrel
Norethynodrel: A synthetic progestational hormone with actions and uses similar to those of PROGESTERONE. It has been used in the treatment of functional uterine bleeding and ENDOMETRIOSIS. As a contraceptive (CONTRACEPTIVE AGENTS), it has usually been administered in combination with MESTRANOL.		3.110oxo steroid
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone
17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.		3.11017alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
progestin
ampicillin
Ampicillin: Semi-synthetic derivative of penicillin that functions as an orally active broad-spectrum antibiotic.. ampicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a 2-amino-2-phenylacetamido group.		4.8921beta-lactam antibiotic;
penicillin allergen;
penicillin		antibacterial drug
mannitol
[no description available]		3.1450mannitolallergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent
valine
Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.		1.9610L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid;
valine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
alizarin
[no description available]		3.110dihydroxyanthraquinonechromophore;
dye;
plant metabolite
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.		2.1310erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4-chlorobenzoic acid
4-chlorobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-chlorobenzoic acid : A monochlorobenzoic acid carrying a chloro substituent at position 4.		1.9610monochlorobenzoic acidbacterial xenobiotic metabolite
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.		2.7230arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
2-propylamine
2-propylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.1510alkylamines;
primary aliphatic amine
tetramethylammonium
tetramethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. tetramethylammonium : The simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups.		2.0510quaternary ammonium ion
tetraethoxysilane
[no description available]		2.0510
linalool
linalool: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. linalool : A monoterpenoid that is octa-1,6-diene substituted by methyl groups at positions 3 and 7 and a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from plants like Ocimum canum.		3.110monoterpenoid;
tertiary alcohol		antimicrobial agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
acrylic acid
acrylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. acrylic acid : A alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid that is ethene substituted by a carboxy group.		2.4120alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acidmetabolite
isobutyric acid
isobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. isobutyric acid : A branched fatty acid comprising propanoic acid carrying a methyl branch at C-2.		2.0610branched-chain saturated fatty acid;
fatty acid 4:0;
methyl-branched fatty acid		Daphnia magna metabolite;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
taurocholic acid
Taurocholic Acid: The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and cholerectic.. taurocholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurocholic acid.. taurocholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of cholic acid that usually occurs as the sodium salt of bile in mammals.		2.7330amino sulfonic acid;
bile acid taurine conjugate		human metabolite
1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone
1,4-dihydroxyanthraquinone: structure given in first source. quinizarin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone having the two hydroxy substituents at the 1- and 4-positions; formally derived from anthraquinone by replacement of two hydrogen atoms by hydroxy groups		3.110dihydroxyanthraquinonedye
cyclizine
Cyclizine: A histamine H1 antagonist given by mouth or parenterally for the control of postoperative and drug-induced vomiting and in motion sickness. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p935). cyclizine : An N-alkylpiperazine in which one nitrogen of the piperazine ring is substituted by a methyl group, while the other is substituted by a diphenylmethyl group.		3.110N-alkylpiperazineantiemetic;
central nervous system depressant;
cholinergic antagonist;
H1-receptor antagonist;
local anaesthetic
2,6-dihydroxyanthraquinone
2,6-dihydroxyanthraquinone: structure given in first source. anthraflavic acid : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene substituted by hydroxy groups at C-3 and C-7 and oxo groups at C-9 and C-10.		3.110dihydroxyanthraquinoneantimutagen;
plant metabolite
dicyclohexyl phthalate
[no description available]		2.1110diester;
phthalate ester
9,10-anthraquinone
9,10-anthraquinone : An anthraquinone that is anthracene in which positions 9 and 10 have been oxidised to carbonyls.		3.110anthraquinone
penicillin v
Penicillin V: A broad-spectrum penicillin antibiotic used orally in the treatment of mild to moderate infections by susceptible gram-positive organisms.. phenoxymethylpenicillin : A penicillin compound having a 6beta-(phenoxyacetyl)amino side-chain.		3.3911penicillin allergen;
penicillin
xylitol
xylooligosaccharide: structure in first source. pentitol : An alditol obtained by reduction of any pentose.. xylooligosaccharide : An oligosaccharide comprised of xylose residues.		2.0610
2,4,6-trichlorophenol
[no description available]		1.9610trichlorophenolcarcinogenic agent
n-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone: monomer of POVIDONE; structure given in first source		2.5520pyrrolidin-2-ones
2-tert-butylphenol
[no description available]		1.9610alkylbenzene
2-isopropylphenol
2-isopropylphenol: structure given in first source. 2-isopropylphenol : A member of the class of phenols carrying an isopropyl group at position 2.		1.9610phenols
2-nitrophenol
nitrophenol : Any member of the class of phenols or substituted phenols carrying at least 1 nitro group.		1.96102-nitrophenols
picric acid
picric acid: used as antiseptic, astringent & stimulant for epitheliazation; structure. picric acid : A C-nitro compound comprising phenol having three nitro substtituents at the 2-, 4- and 6-positions.		1.9610C-nitro compoundantiseptic drug;
explosive;
fixative
thymol
Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.		3.7930monoterpenoid;
phenols		volatile oil component
2-ethylphenol
2-ethylphenol: structure in first source		1.9610phenols
salicylaldehyde
o-hydroxybenzaldehyde: structure in first source		1.9610hydroxybenzaldehydenematicide;
plant metabolite
1-naphthol
1-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 1.. hydroxynaphthalene : Any member of the class of naphthalenes that is naphthalene carrying one or more hydroxy groups.		3.110naphtholgenotoxin;
human xenobiotic metabolite
2-aminodiphenyl
aminobiphenyl : Any member of the class of biphenyls in which the biphenyl skeleton is substituted by at least one amino group.		3.110
2-phenylphenol
2-phenylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. biphenyl-2-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.		3.4820hydroxybiphenylsantifungal agrochemical;
environmental food contaminant
quinoline
[no description available]		3.110azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinolines
2-naphthylamine
2-Naphthylamine: A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.. 2-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine carrying the amino group at position 2.		3.110naphthylaminecarcinogenic agent
4-biphenylamine
4-biphenylamine: used in detection of sulfates, & as a carcinogen in cancer research; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. biphenyl-4-amine : An aminobiphenyl that is biphenyl substituted by an amino group at position 4.		3.110aminobiphenylcarcinogenic agent
4-phenylphenol
4-phenylphenol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. biphenyl-4-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl carrying a hydroxy group at position 4.		3.4820hydroxybiphenyls
benzidine
benzidine: RN given refers to parent cpd. benzidine : A member of the class of biphenyls that is 1,1'-biphenyl in which the hydrogen at the para-position of each phenyl group has been replaced by an amino group.		3.110biphenyls;
substituted aniline		carcinogenic agent
4,4'-dihydroxybiphenyl
biphenyl-4,4'-diol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl with hydroxy groups at positions 4 and 4'.		3.110hydroxybiphenyls
propylparaben
Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)		3.8530benzoate ester;
paraben;
phenols		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent
2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid
2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid: A powerful herbicide used as a selective weed killer.. (4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is (4-chlorophenoxy)acetic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.		2.0710chlorophenoxyacetic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		environmental contaminant;
phenoxy herbicide;
synthetic auxin
2-chlorophenol
chlorophenol : A halophenol that is any phenol containing one or more covalently bonded chlorine atoms.		1.96102-halophenol;
monochlorophenol
2,4,5-trichlorophenol
2,4,5-trichlorophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2,4,5-trichlorophenol : A trichlorophenol carrying chloro groups at positions 2, 4 and 5.		1.9610trichlorophenol
furfuryl alcohol
furfuryl alcohol: structure. furfuryl alcohol : A furan bearing a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 2-position.		2.0510furans;
primary alcohol		Maillard reaction product
furaldehyde
Furaldehyde: A heterocyclic compound consisting of a furan where the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a formyl group.. furfural : An aldehyde that is furan with the hydrogen at position 2 substituted by a formyl group.		2.5120aldehyde;
furans		Maillard reaction product;
metabolite
butylphen
butylphen: irritant; structure. 4-tert-butylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted with a tert-butyl group at position 4.		3.4820phenolsallergen
methylparaben
methylparaben: used as a preservative in cosmetics but potentiates UV-induced damage of skin; RN given refers to parent cpd. methylparaben : A 4-hydroxybenzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid with methanol. It is the most frequently used antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics. It occurs naturally in several fruits, particularly in blueberries.		3.4820parabenantifungal agent;
antimicrobial food preservative;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
4-isopropylphenol
[no description available]		3.4820phenolsflavouring agent
4-hydroxyacetophenone
4-hydroxyacetophenone: promotes secretion of bile & bile salts, which promotes griseofulvin absorption in the duodenum. 4'-hydroxyacetophenone : A monohydroxyacetophenone carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4'.		3.110monohydroxyacetophenonefungal metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-toluic acid
4-toluic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. p-toluic acid : A methylbenzoic acid in which the methyl substituent is located at position 4.		1.9610methylbenzoic acid
4-anisic acid
4-methoxybenzoic acid: structure in first source. 4-methoxybenzoic acid : A methoxybenzoic acid substituted with a methoxy group at position C-4.		1.9610methoxybenzoic acidplant metabolite
4-benzylphenol
4-benzylphenol: metabolite of diphenylmethane; RN given refers to parent cpd		3.110
triethanolamine
triethanolamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. triethanolamine : A tertiary amino compound that is ammonia in which each of the hydrogens is substituted by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0410amino alcohol;
tertiary amino compound;
triol		buffer;
surfactant
2-ethylhexanol
[no description available]		3.110primary alcoholplant metabolite;
volatile oil component
4-bromophenol
4-bromophenol : A bromophenol containing only hydroxy and bromo substituents that are para to one another.		1.9610bromophenolhuman urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
marine metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
persistent organic pollutant;
rat metabolite
tetrahydrofuran
oxolane : A cyclic ether that is butane in which one hydrogen from each methyl group is substituted by an oxygen.		2.4620cyclic ether;
oxolanes;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
volatile organic compound		polar aprotic solvent
thiophenes
Thiophenes: A monocyclic heteroarene furan in which the oxygen atom is replaced by a sulfur.. thiophenes : Compounds containing at least one thiophene ring.		2.4420mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene;
thiophenes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
ethyl decanoate
ethyl decanoate : A fatty acid ethyl ester of decanoic acid.		210decanoate ester;
fatty acid ethyl ester		metabolite
n-hexane
hexane : An unbranched alkane containing six carbon atoms.		2.0510alkane;
volatile organic compound		neurotoxin;
non-polar solvent
piperidine
[no description available]		2.0510azacycloalkane;
piperidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent;
secondary amine		base;
catalyst;
human metabolite;
non-polar solvent;
plant metabolite;
protic solvent;
reagent
heptanoic acid
heptanoic acid : A C7, straight-chain fatty acid that contributes to the odour of some rancid oils. Used in the preparation of esters for the fragrance industry, and as an additive in cigarettes.		2.6730medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		plant metabolite
1-hexanol
1-hexanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. hexanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of six carbon atoms.. hexan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is hexane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.		2.0510hexanol;
primary alcohol		alarm pheromone;
antibacterial agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite
hexahydroazepine
hexahydroazepine: RN given refers to parent cpd. azepane : An azacycloalkane that is cycloheptane in which one of the carbon atoms is replaced by a nitrogen atom.		2.0510azacycloalkane;
azepanes;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
heptanol
Heptanol: A colorless liquid with a fragrant odor. It is used as an intermediate, solvent and in cosmetics.. heptanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of seven carbon atoms.. heptan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is heptane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated from Capillipedium parviflorum.		2.0510heptanol;
primary alcohol		flavouring agent;
fragrance;
gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor;
plant metabolite
heptanal
heptanal : An n-alkanal resulting from the oxidation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of heptan-1-ol to the corresponding aldehyde. An endogenous aldehyde coming from membrane lipid oxidation, it is found in the blood of lung cancer patients and has been regarded as a potential biomarker of lung cancer.		2.0510medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		biomarker
lauric acid methyl ester
methyl laurate : A fatty acid methyl ester of lauric acid.		2.4420dodecanoate ester;
fatty acid methyl ester		metabolite
nonane
iotrochotin: toxin from the Caribbean sponge Iotrochota birotulata, which selectively permeabilizes synaptosomes. nonane : A straight chain alkane composed of 9 carbon atoms.		2.0510alkaneplant metabolite;
volatile oil component
carbitol
carbitol: used as lubricating oil & in braking fluid, structure. diethylene glycol monoethyl ether : A primary alcohol that is ethanol substituted by a 2-ethoxyethoxy group at position 2.		2.0410diether;
glycol ether;
hydroxypolyether;
primary alcohol		protic solvent
pelargonic acid
pelargonic acid: K salt acts as cariostatic agent; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. nonanoic acid : A C9 straight-chain saturated fatty acid which occurs naturally as esters of the oil of pelargonium. Has antifungal properties, and is also used as a herbicide as well as in the preparation of plasticisers and lacquers.		3.72100medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
antifeedant;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
plant metabolite
octyl acetate
octyl acetate : The acetate ester of octan-1-ol.		2.0510acetate esterplant metabolite
n-decyl alcohol
n-decyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd. decanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of ten carbon atoms.. decan-1-ol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at C-1 of an unbranched saturated chain of ten carbon atoms.		2.7930decanol;
primary alcohol		metabolite;
pheromone;
protic solvent
decanaldehyde
decanal : A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of capric acid (decanoic acid).		2.0510medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		antifungal agent;
fragrance;
plant metabolite
undecanoic acid
undecanoic acid : A straight-chain, eleven-carbon saturated medium-chain fatty acid found in body fluids; the most fungitoxic of the C7:0 - C18:0 fatty acid series.. undecanoate : A medium-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of undecanoic acid; used in tandem with testosterone cation in the treatment of male hypogonadism. Major species at pH 7.3.		3.5380medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		antifungal agent;
human metabolite
n-dodecane
dodecane : A straight-chain alkane with 12 carbon atoms. It has been isolated from the essential oils of various plants including Zingiber officinale (ginger).		2.0510alkaneplant metabolite
undecan-1-ol
undecan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is undecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.. undecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of eleven carbon atoms.		2.0510primary alcohol;
undecanol		flavouring agent;
plant metabolite
undecanal
undecanal : A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxylic acid group of undecanoic acid. It is a component of essential oils from citrus plants like Citrus reticulata.		2.0510medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		antimycobacterial drug;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
dodecanol
Dodecanol: A saturated 12-carbon fatty alcohol obtained from coconut oil fatty acids. It has a floral odor and is used in detergents, lubricating oils, and pharmaceuticals. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). dodecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twelve carbon atoms.. dodecan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is dodecane in which a hydrogen from one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is registered for use in apple and pear orchards as a Lepidopteran pheromone/sex attractant, used to disrupt the mating behaviour of certain moths whose larvae destroy crops.		2.0510dodecanol;
primary alcohol		bacterial metabolite;
cosmetic;
insect attractant;
insecticide;
pheromone;
plant metabolite
lauryl acetate
[no description available]		2.0510carboxylic ester
1-tridecanol
1-tridecanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. tridecan-1-ol : A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is tridecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.. tridecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of thirteen carbon atoms.		2.0510long-chain primary fatty alcohol;
tridecanol		bacterial metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
myristyl alcohol
myristyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd. tetradecan-1-ol : A long-chain fatty alcohol that is tetradecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.. tetradecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of fourteen carbon atoms.		2.0510long-chain primary fatty alcohol;
tetradecanol		pheromone;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
behenic acid
behenic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. docosanoic acid : A straight-chain, C22, long-chain saturated fatty acid.		2.520long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		plant metabolite
2,2,2-trichloroethanol
[no description available]		3.110chloroethanolmouse metabolite
anthrarufin
1,5-dihydroxyanthraquinone: used in ferric ion sensing as an inclusion complex with beta-cyclodextrin; structure in first source. anthrarufin : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is anthracene-9,10-dione substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1 and 5.		3.110dihydroxyanthraquinone
di-n-octyl phthalate
di-n-octyl phthalate: plasticizer		2.1110diester;
phthalate ester
2-toluic acid
2-toluic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. o-toluic acid : A methylbenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by a methyl group at position 2.		3.110methylbenzoic acidxenobiotic metabolite
ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate: structure		3.110ethyl ester;
paraben		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial food preservative;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
2,4-dichlorophenol
2,4-dichlorophenol: RN given refers to unlabeled parent+ cpd; structure. 2,4-dichlorophenol : A dichlorophenol that is phenol carrying chloro substituents at positions 2 and 4.		1.9610dichlorophenol
3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole
3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole : An aromatic ether that is 4-methoxyphenol in which one of the hydrogens ortho- to the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a tert-butyl group.		3.110aromatic ether;
phenols		antioxidant;
human xenobiotic metabolite
vanillic acid
Vanillic Acid: A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).. vanillic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.		2.0510methoxybenzoic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid		plant metabolite
1-naphthylamine
1-Naphthylamine: A suspected industrial carcinogen (and listed as such by OSHA). Its N-hydroxy metabolite is strongly carcinogenic and mutagenic.. naphthylamine : A primary arylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at unspecified position.. 1-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine that is naphthalene substituted by an amino group at position 1.		3.110naphthylaminehuman xenobiotic metabolite
2-naphthol
2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent.		3.110naphtholantinematodal drug;
genotoxin;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger
shikimic acid
Shikimic Acid: A tri-hydroxy cyclohexene carboxylic acid important in biosynthesis of so many compounds that the shikimate pathway is named after it.. shikimic acid : A cyclohexenecarboxylic acid that is cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 4 and 5 (the 3R,4S,5R stereoisomer). It is an intermediate metabolite in plants and microorganisms.		3.110alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
cyclohexenecarboxylic acid;
hydroxy monocarboxylic acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
citronellol
citronellol: alcohol form of citronellal; found in rose oil; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. citronellol : A monoterpenoid that is oct-6-ene substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1 and methyl groups at positions 3 and 7.. insect repellent : An insecticide that acts as a repellent to insects.		3.110monoterpenoidplant metabolite
hexanoic acid
hexanoic acid : A C6, straight-chain saturated fatty acid.		5.21150medium-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
n-heptane
Heptanes: Seven-carbon alkanes with the formula C7H16.. heptane : A straight-chain alkane with seven carbon atoms. It has been found in Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi).		2.0510alkane;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent;
plant metabolite
1-nonanol
nonanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of nine carbon atoms.. nonan-1-ol : A nonanol that is nonane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated as a component of volatile oils from plants like Hordeum vulgare.		2.0510nonanol;
primary alcohol		antifungal agent;
flavouring agent;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
decylamine
decylamine: structure		7.4720alkylamine
pregnenolone
[no description available]		3.11020-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
C21-steroid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
ditiocarb
Ditiocarb: A chelating agent that has been used to mobilize toxic metals from the tissues of humans and experimental animals. It is the main metabolite of DISULFIRAM.. diethyldithiocarbamic acid : A member of the class of dithiocarbamic acids that is diethylcarbamic acid in which both of the oxygens are replaced by sulfur.		3.110dithiocarbamic acidschelator;
copper chelator
mequinol
mequinol: depigmenting agent; RN given refers to parent cpd		3.110methoxybenzenes;
phenols		metabolite
catechin
Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.		4.4360catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
phenetidine
Phenetidine: Used in the manufacture of acetophenetidin.. 4-ethoxyaniline : An aromatic ether that is aniline in which the hydrogen at position 4 is replaced by an ethoxy group. It is a hydrolysis metabolite of phenacetin.		3.110aromatic ether;
primary amino compound;
substituted aniline		drug metabolite
quinazolines
Quinazolines: A group of aromatic heterocyclic compounds that contain a bicyclic structure with two fused six-membered aromatic rings, a benzene ring and a pyrimidine ring.. quinazoline : A mancude organic heterobicyclic parent that is naphthalene in which the carbon atoms at positions 1 and 3 have been replaced by nitrogen atoms.. quinazolines : Any organic heterobicyclic compound based on a quinazoline skeleton and its substituted derivatives.		2.0810azaarene;
mancude organic heterobicyclic parent;
ortho-fused heteroarene;
quinazolines
norcarane
norcarane: structure in first source		2.1510
thiazoles
[no description available]		2.76301,3-thiazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene
hydrazine
diamine : Any polyamine that contains two amino groups.		2.0310azane;
hydrazines		EC 4.3.1.10 (serine-sulfate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor
evans blue
Evans Blue: An azo dye used in blood volume and cardiac output measurement by the dye dilution method. It is very soluble, strongly bound to plasma albumin, and disappears very slowly.. Evans blue : An organic sodium salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 6,6'-{(3,3'-dimethyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diyl)bis[diazene-2,1-diyl]}bis(4-amino-5-hydroxynaphthalene-1,3-disulfonate). It is sometimes used as a counterstain, especially in fluorescent methods to suppress background autofluorescence.		1.9810organic sodium saltfluorochrome;
histological dye;
sodium channel blocker;
teratogenic agent
2,5-dinitrophenol
2,5-dinitrophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2,5-dinitrophenol : A dinitrophenol having the nitro groups at the 2- and 5-positions.		1.9610dinitrophenol
4-hydroxyphenobarbital
[no description available]		3.110barbiturates
lithocholic acid
Lithocholic Acid: A bile acid formed from chenodeoxycholate by bacterial action, usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as cholagogue and choleretic.. lithocholic acid : A monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid with a alpha-hydroxy substituent at position 3. It is a bile acid obtained from chenodeoxycholic acid by bacterial action.. lithocholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of lithocholic acid.		3.110bile acid;
C24-steroid;
monohydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
chenodeoxycholic acid
Chenodeoxycholic Acid: A bile acid, usually conjugated with either glycine or taurine. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption and is reabsorbed by the small intestine. It is used as cholagogue, a choleretic laxative, and to prevent or dissolve gallstones.. chenodeoxycholic acid : A dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 7 respectively.. chenodeoxycholate : Conjugate base of chenodeoxycholic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		3.110bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
glycocholic acid
Glycocholic Acid: The glycine conjugate of CHOLIC ACID. It acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for absorption and is itself absorbed.. glycocholic acid : A bile acid glycine conjugate having cholic acid as the bile acid component.. glycocholate : A cholanic acid conjugate anion that is the conjugate base of glycocholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		3.0950bile acid glycine conjugatehuman metabolite
epitestosterone
Epitestosterone: The 17-alpha isomer of TESTOSTERONE, derived from PREGNENOLONE via the delta5-steroid pathway, and via 5-androstene-3-beta,17-alpha-diol. Epitestosterone acts as an antiandrogen in various target tissues. The ratio between testosterone/epitestosterone is used to monitor anabolic drug abuse.. epitestosterone : An androstanoid that is the C-17 epimer of testosterone.		3.11017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
androstanoid		androgen antagonist;
human metabolite
chrysophanic acid
chrysophanic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck, 9th ed, #2260. chrysophanol : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is chrysazin with a methyl substituent at C-3. It has been isolated from Aloe vera and exhibits antiviral and anti-inflammatory activity.		3.110dihydroxyanthraquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antiviral agent;
plant metabolite
carvacrol
carvacrol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1).		3.110botanical anti-fungal agent;
p-menthane monoterpenoid;
phenols		agrochemical;
antimicrobial agent;
flavouring agent;
TRPA1 channel agonist;
volatile oil component
4-hydroxyphenylethanol
4-hydroxyphenylethanol: in chest gland secretion of galagos. 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol : A phenol substituted at position 4 by a 2-hydroxyethyl group.		2.1110phenolsanti-arrhythmia drug;
antioxidant;
cardiovascular drug;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
protective agent
phloretic acid
phloretic acid: structure. N-hydroxysuccinimide ester : An ester of N-hydroxysuccinimide.. phloretic acid : A hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of propionic acid having a 4-hydroxyphenyl group at the 3-position.		2.0510hydroxy monocarboxylic acidplant metabolite
isovaleric acid
isovaleric acid: structure. isovaleric acid : A C5, branched-chain saturated fatty acid.		2.0610branched-chain saturated fatty acid;
methylbutyric acid;
short-chain fatty acid		mammalian metabolite;
plant metabolite
orcinol
orcinol: used as reagent for pentoses, lignin, beet sugar, saccharoses, arabinose & diastase; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. orcinol : A 5-alkylresorcinol in which the alkyl group is specified as methyl.		1.96105-alkylresorcinol;
dihydroxytoluene		Aspergillus metabolite
thiazolidines
Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.		2.0610thiazolidine
suberic acid
suberic acid: used in plastics industry; inhibits activity of some enzymes; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. suberic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is the 1,6-dicarboxy derivative of hexane.		1.9610alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		human metabolite
margaric acid
margaric acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. heptadecanoic acid : A C17 saturated fatty acid and trace component of fats in ruminants.		2.0510long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
mammalian metabolite
arachidic acid
icosanoic acid : A C20 striaght-chain saturated fatty acid which forms a minor constituent of peanut (L. arachis) and corn oils. Used as an organic thin film in the production of liquid crystals for a wide variety of technical applications.		2.520long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		plant metabolite
oleanolic acid
[no description available]		2.0610hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		plant metabolite
androstenediol
Androstenediol: An intermediate in TESTOSTERONE biosynthesis, found in the TESTIS or the ADRENAL GLANDS. Androstenediol, derived from DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE by the reduction of the 17-keto group (17-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES), is converted to TESTOSTERONE by the oxidation of the 3-beta hydroxyl group to a 3-keto group (3-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASES).. androst-5-ene-3beta,17beta-diol : A 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid that is 3beta-hydroxyandrost-5-ene carrying an additional hydroxy group at position 17beta.		3.11017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid		androgen;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radiation protective agent
dihydrotestosterone
Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.		3.11017beta-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one;
3-oxo-5alpha-steroid		androgen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
2,4,6-trimethylphenol
[no description available]		1.9610hydroxytoluene
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthalenol: structure in first source		3.110
herniarin
herniarin: methoxy analog of umbelliferone; structure. herniarin : A member of the class of coumarins that is coumarin substituted by a methoxy group at position 7.		2.0510coumarinsfluorochrome
cetyl palmitate
palmityl palmitate : A palmitate ester resulting from the formal condensation of palmitic acid with palmityl alcohol. It is used as a thickener and emollient in cosmetics.		2.0310hexadecanoate estermetabolite
4-iodophenol
[no description available]		3.110iodophenol
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		2.520dialdehydebiomarker
myristic acid
Myristic Acid: A saturated 14-carbon fatty acid occurring in most animal and vegetable fats, particularly butterfat and coconut, palm, and nutmeg oils. It is used to synthesize flavor and as an ingredient in soaps and cosmetics. (From Dorland, 28th ed). tetradecanoic acid : A straight-chain, fourteen-carbon, long-chain saturated fatty acid mostly found in milk fat.. tetradecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of myristic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		5.58220long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite
n-hexadecane
n-hexadecane: structure. hexadecane : A straight-chain alkane with 16 carbon atoms. It is a component of essential oil isolated from long pepper.		2.110long-chain alkanenon-polar solvent;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
neutral red
Neutral Red: A vital dye used as an indicator and biological stain. Various adverse effects have been observed in biological systems.. neutral red : A hydrochloride obtained by combining the free base of neutral red with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Neutral red acts as a pH indicator, changing from red to yellow between pH 6.8 and 8.0.		1.9910hydrochlorideacid-base indicator;
dye;
two-colour indicator
4,4'-bipyridyl
4,4'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-4 and C-4'.		2.0510bipyridine
3-nitrophenol
[no description available]		1.96103-nitrophenols
lignoceric acid
lignoceric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. tetracosanoic acid : A C24 straight-chain saturated fatty acid.		2.520straight-chain saturated fatty acid;
very long-chain fatty acid		Daphnia tenebrosa metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol
4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-3-cyclohexen-1-ol: structure in first source. 4-terpineol : A terpineol that is 1-menthene carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 4.		3.5320terpineol;
tertiary alcohol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
antiparasitic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
3-hydroxyflavone
3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.		3.110flavonols;
monohydroxyflavone
6-hydroxyquinoline
quinolin-6-ol : A monohydroxyquinoline that is quinoline substituted by a hydroxy group at position 6.		3.110monohydroxyquinoline
3-hydroxybiphenyl
3-hydroxybiphenyl: structure given in first source. biphenyl-3-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is phenol in which the hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group.		3.110hydroxybiphenyls
4-bromobenzoic acid
4-bromobenzoic acid : A bromobenzoic acid carrying a single bromo subsituent at the 4-position.		1.9610bromobenzoic acid
diphenylamine
Diphenylamine: In humans it may be irritating to mucous membranes. Methemoglobinemia has been produced experimentally. In veterinary use, it is one of active ingredients in topical agents for prevention and treatment of screwworm infestation. An indicator in tests for nitrate poisoning.. diphenylamine : An aromatic amine containing two phenyl substituents. It has been used as a fungicide for the treatment of superficial scald in apples and pears, but is no longer approved for this purpose within the European Union.		3.110aromatic amine;
bridged diphenyl fungicide;
secondary amino compound		antifungal agrochemical;
antioxidant;
carotogenesis inhibitor;
EC 1.3.99.29 [phytoene desaturase (zeta-carotene-forming)] inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
radical scavenger
3-aminophenol
3-aminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-aminophenol : An aminophenol that is one of three amino derivatives of phenol which has the single amino substituent located meta to the phenolic -OH group.		1.9610aminophenol
1-methylcyclopropane
1-methylcyclopropane: do not confuse with MCP cpd (1-methylcyclopropene)		2.1510
alpha-naphthoflavone
alpha-naphthoflavone: inhibits P4501A1 and P4501A2; stimulates some activities of P4503A4. alpha-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the h side of flavone. A synthetic compound, it is an inhibitor of aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14).		3.110extended flavonoid;
naphtho-gamma-pyrone;
organic heterotricyclic compound		aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist;
aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist;
EC 1.14.14.14 (aromatase) inhibitor
acetylcysteine
N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.		2.0310acetylcysteine;
L-cysteine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid		antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
antiinfective agent;
antioxidant;
antiviral drug;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mucolytic;
radical scavenger;
vulnerary
3-methyladipic acid
3-methyladipic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is adipic acid substituted with a methyl group at position C-3.		210alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid;
dicarboxylic fatty acid		human urinary metabolite
tridecane
tridecane : A straight chain alkane containing 13 carbon atoms. It forms a component of the essential oils isolated from plants such as Abelmoschus esculentus.		2.0510long-chain alkaneplant metabolite;
volatile oil component
n-tetradecane
tetradecane : A straight chain alkane consisting of 14 carbon atoms.		2.0510long-chain alkaneplant metabolite;
volatile oil component
tridecanoic acid
tridecanoate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of tridecanoic acid.. tridecanoic acid : A C13 straight-chain saturated fatty acid.		3.150long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		plant metabolite
4-propylphenol
4-propylphenol: structure given in first source		3.110alkylbenzene
nonadecanoic acid
nonadecanoic acid : A C19 straight-chain fatty acid of plant or bacterial origin. An intermediate in the biodegradation of n-icosane, it has been shown to inhibit cancer growth.		2.0510long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid		fungal metabolite
2-piperidone
2-piperidone: structure given in first source. piperidin-2-one : A delta-lactam that is piperidine which is substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		2.0410delta-lactam;
piperidones		EC 1.2.1.88 (L-glutamate gamma-semialdehyde dehydrogenase) inhibitor
hexafluoroisopropanol
1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol : An organofluorine compound formed by substitution of all the methyl protons in propan-2-ol by fluorine. It is a metabolite of inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane.		3.110organofluorine compound;
secondary alcohol		drug metabolite
dodecylamine
dodecylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0710primary aliphatic amine
deoxycytidine
[no description available]		2.0810pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
undecane
undecane : A straight-chain alkane with 11 carbon atoms.		2.0510alkane
zinc oxide
Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock.		2.0810zinc molecular entity
monolaurin
monolaurin: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified monolaurin locant. 1-monolauroylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride with dodecanoyl (lauroyl) as the acyl group.. rac-1-monolauroylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol comprising equal amounts of 1-lauroyl-sn-glycerol and 3-lauroyl-sn-glycerol		1.99101-monoglyceride;
dodecanoate ester;
rac-1-monoacylglycerol
vancomycin
Vancomycin: Antibacterial obtained from Streptomyces orientalis. It is a glycopeptide related to RISTOCETIN that inhibits bacterial cell wall assembly and is toxic to kidneys and the inner ear.. vancomycin : A complex glycopeptide from Streptomyces orientalis. It inhibits a specific step in the synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer in the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile.		2.0610glycopeptideantibacterial drug;
antimicrobial agent;
bacterial metabolite
glycyrrhizic acid
glycyrrhizinic acid : A triterpenoid saponin that is the glucosiduronide derivative of 3beta-hydroxy-11-oxoolean-12-en-30-oic acid.		2.9140enone;
glucosiduronic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid;
tricarboxylic acid;
triterpenoid saponin		EC 3.4.21.5 (thrombin) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
d-alpha tocopherol
Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.		3.8130alpha-tocopherolalgal metabolite;
antiatherogenic agent;
anticoagulant;
antioxidant;
antiviral agent;
EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite
tocopherols
[no description available]		2.0310
fenchol
fenchol: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation		3.110
4-n-Butylphenol
[no description available]		3.110phenols
4-hydroxyazobenzene
4-hydroxyazobenzene: structure in first source		3.110
decane
decane : A straight-chain alkane with 10 carbon atoms.		2.0510alkane
4-nitrothiophenolate
4-nitrothiophenolate: RN given refers to parent cpd		3.110
5 alpha-androstane-3 alpha,17 beta-diol
5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol : The 5alpha-stereoisomer of androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol.		3.110androstane-3alpha,17beta-diolDaphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite
tetrabutylammonium
tetrabutylammonium: lipophilic probe; RN given refers to parent cpd		2.7730quaternary ammonium ion
2-tert-butylhydroquinone
2-tert-butylhydroquinone: an anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive agent. 2-tert-butylhydroquinone : A member of the class of hydroquinones in which one of the ring hydrogens of hydroquinone is replaced by a tert-butyl group.		2.0510hydroquinonesfood antioxidant
beta-hydroxymyristic acid
beta-hydroxymyristic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid : A 3-hydroxy fatty acid that is tetradecanoic (myristic) acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group		2.25103-hydroxy fatty acid;
3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
long-chain fatty acid		bacterial metabolite;
human metabolite
diallyl disulfide
diallyl disulfide: major constituent of garlic oil. diallyl disulfide : An organic disulfide where the organic group specified is allyl. It has been isolated from garlic and other species of the genus Allium.		3.4511organic disulfideantifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
menthol
(+-)-menthol : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-menthol. Both (+-)- and (-)-menthol are used to relieve symptoms of conditions such as bronchitis and sinusitis. When applied to the skin, menthol dilates the blood vessels, giving a sensation of coldness followed by an analgesic effect that relieves itching. It is therefore used in creams and ointments for the relief of pruritis and urticaria.. (-)-menthol : A p-menthan-3-ol which has (1R,2S,5R)-stereochemistry. It is the most common naturally occurring enantiomer.		3.110p-menthan-3-olantipruritic drug;
antispasmodic drug;
antitussive
fluorescein
Fluorescein: A phthalic indicator dye that appears yellow-green in normal tear film and bright green in a more alkaline medium such as the aqueous humor.. fluorescein (lactone form) : A xanthene dye that is highly fluorescent, detectable even when present in minute quantities. Used forensically to detect traces of blood, in analytical chemistry as an indicator in silver nitrate titrations and in microscopy.		2.42202-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
oxaspiro compound;
polyphenol;
xanthene dye		fluorescent dye;
radioopaque medium
heneicosanoic acid
henicosanoic acid : A long-chain fatty acid that is henicosane in which one of the methyl groups has been oxidised to give the corresponding carboxylic acid.		2.0510long-chain fatty acid;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid
tricosanoic acid
tricosanoic acid : A very long-chain fatty acid that is tricosane in which one of the methyl groups has been oxidised to the corresponding carboxylic acid.		2.0510straight-chain saturated fatty acid;
very long-chain fatty acid		Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite;
plant metabolite
hydroxyphenytoin
hydroxyphenytoin: main metabolite of diphenylhydantoin; reduces Na(+) inhibition at high Na:K ratios; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure. 4-hydroxyphenytoin : A imidazolidine-2,4-dione that consists of hydantoin bearing phenyl and 4-hydroxyphenyl substituents at position 5.		3.110imidazolidine-2,4-dione;
phenols		metabolite
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.		4.04140fluorescein isothiocyanate
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate
mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate: RN given refers to parent cpd. mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate : The mono(2-ethylhexyl) ester of benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid.		3.110phthalic acid monoester
1-naphthalenemethanol
1-naphthalenemethanol: structure given in first source. (1-naphthyl)methanol : A naphthylmethanol that is methanol in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group is replaced by a naphthalen-1-yl group.		3.110naphthylmethanolmouse metabolite
dexpropranolol
[no description available]		3.110propranolol
trioctylmethylammonium
trioctylmethylammonium: used in high performance liquid chromatography for the separation of tRNA; RN given refers to chloride. methyltrioctylammonium : A quaternary ammonium ion with three octyl groups and one methyl group attached to the nitrogen.		2.2510quaternary ammonium ion
limonene
Limonene: A naturally-occurring class of MONOTERPENES which occur as a clear colorless liquid at room temperature. Limonene is the major component in the oil of oranges which has many uses, including as flavor and fragrance. It is recognized as safe in food by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).. limonene : A monoterpene that is cyclohex-1-ene substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4 respectively.		2.8430cycloalkene;
p-menthadiene		human metabolite
ruthenium
Ruthenium: A hard, brittle, grayish-white rare earth metal with an atomic symbol Ru, atomic number 44, and atomic weight 101.07. It is used as a catalyst and hardener for PLATINUM and PALLADIUM.		2.110iron group element atom;
platinum group metal atom
cadmium
Cadmium: An element with atomic symbol Cd, atomic number 48, and atomic weight 112.41. It is a metal and ingestion will lead to CADMIUM POISONING.. elemental cadmium : An element in the zinc group of the periodic table with atomic number 48, atomic mass 112, M.P. 321degreeC, and B.P. 765degreeC). An odourless, tasteless, and highly poisonous soft, ductile, lustrous metal with electropositive properties. It has eight stable isotopes: (106)Cd, (108)Cd,(110)Cd, (111)Cd, (112)Cd, (113)Cd, (114)Cd and (116)Cd, with (112)Cd and (114)Cd being the most common.		1.9910cadmium molecular entity;
zinc group element atom
gold
Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.		2.0710copper group element atom;
elemental gold
phosphoric acid, trisodium salt
[no description available]		2.1110sodium phosphate
ferrous sulfate
ferrous sulfate: Ferro-Gradumet is ferrous sulfate in controlled release form; RN given refers to Fe(+2)[1:1] salt. iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) : A compound of iron and sulfate in which the ratio of iron(2+) to sulfate ions is 1:1. Various hydrates occur naturally - most commonly the heptahydrate, which loses water to form the tetrahydrate at 57degreeC and the monohydrate at 65degreeC.		2.110iron molecular entity;
metal sulfate		reducing agent
sodium sulfate
[no description available]		2.1110inorganic sodium salt
butylated hydroxyanisole
[no description available]		3.110
galactose
aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.		2.4420
rhamnose
[no description available]		1.9910L-rhamnose
clodronic acid
Clodronic Acid: A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification.. clodronic acid : An organochlorine compound that is methylene chloride in which both hydrogens are replaced by phosphonic acid groups. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification, and is used (often as the disodium salt tetrahydrate) as an adjunct in the treatment of severe hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy, and in the management of osteolytic lesions and bone pain associated with skeletal metastases.		2.01101,1-bis(phosphonic acid);
one-carbon compound;
organochlorine compound		antineoplastic agent;
bone density conservation agent
3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene
3-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd		3.110ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene
myrmicacin
myrmicacin: found in secretions of South American leaf-cutting ant; inhibitor for mitotic progression after metaphase. 3-hydroxydecanoic acid : A medium-chain fatty acid that is decanoic acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.		2.74303-hydroxy fatty acid;
medium-chain fatty acid		antimitotic;
Escherichia coli metabolite
3-hydroxyoctanoic acid
3-hydroxyoctanoic acid : An 8-carbon, beta-hydroxy fatty acid which may be a marker for primary defects of beta-hydroxy fatty acid metabolism. Repeating unit of poly(3-hydroxyoctanoic acid), a biopolymer used by numerous bacterial species as carbon and energy reserves.		2.13103-hydroxy fatty acid;
3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
medium-chain fatty acid
4-n-Pentylphenol
[no description available]		3.110phenols
tetradecanoylphorbol acetate
Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate: A phorbol ester found in CROTON OIL with very effective tumor promoting activity. It stimulates the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.. phorbol ester : Esters of phorbol, originally found in croton oil (from Croton tiglium, of the family Euphorbiaceae). A number of phorbol esters possess activity as tumour promoters and activate the mechanisms associated with cell growth. Some of these are used in experiments as activators of protein kinase C.. phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate : A phorbol ester that is phorbol in which the hydroxy groups at the cyclopropane ring juction (position 13) and the adjacent carbon (position 12) have been converted into the corresponding acetate and myristate esters. It is a major active constituent of the seed oil of Croton tiglium. It has been used as a tumour promoting agent for skin carcinogenesis in rodents and is associated with increased cell proliferation of malignant cells. However its function is controversial since a decrease in cell proliferation has also been observed in several cancer cell types.		1.9810acetate ester;
diester;
phorbol ester;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetradecanoate ester		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
carcinogenic agent;
mitogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase C agonist;
reactive oxygen species generator
fluorides
[no description available]		2.0210halide anion;
monoatomic fluorine
9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene
9-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd		3.110ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene
daunorubicin
Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.		3.110aminoglycoside antibiotic;
anthracycline;
p-quinones;
tetracenequinones		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
10-undecynoic acid
10-undecynoic acid: inhibitor of lauric acid monooxygenase; RN given refers to parent cpd		1.9910medium-chain fatty acid
phenyl acetate
phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.		2.7130benzenes;
phenyl acetates
n-phenylethanolamine
[no description available]		3.110aralkylamine
4-ethylphenol
4-ethylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-ethylphenol : A member of the class of phenols carrying an ethyl substituent at position 4.		3.4820phenolsfungal xenobiotic metabolite
ethyl hexanoate
ethyl hexanoate : A fatty acid ethyl ester obtained by the formal condensation of hexanoic acid with ethanol.		210fatty acid ethyl ester;
hexanoate ester		metabolite
pyrrolidine
[no description available]		2.0510azacycloalkane;
pyrrolidines;
saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent
nonanal
nonanal : A saturated fatty aldehyde formally arising from reduction of the carboxy group of nonanoic acid. Metabolite observed in cancer metabolism.		2.0510medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
n-alkanal;
saturated fatty aldehyde		human metabolite;
plant metabolite
tetradecanal
tetradecanal : A long-chain fatty aldehyde that is tetradecane in which two hydrogens attached to a terminal carbon are replaced by an oxo group. It is found in coriander.		2.05102,3-saturated fatty aldehyde;
long-chain fatty aldehyde		bacterial metabolite;
plant metabolite
ursodeoxycholic acid
Ursodeoxycholic Acid: An epimer of chenodeoxycholic acid. It is a mammalian bile acid found first in the bear and is apparently either a precursor or a product of chenodeoxycholate. Its administration changes the composition of bile and may dissolve gallstones. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic.. ursodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid found in the bile of bears (Ursidae) as a conjugate with taurine. Used therapeutically, it prevents the synthesis and absorption of cholesterol and can lead to the dissolution of gallstones.. ursodeoxycholate : A bile acid anion that is the conjugate base of ursodeoxycholic acid, obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group; major species at pH 7.3.		3.110bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pregnanolone
Pregnanolone: A pregnane found in the urine of pregnant women and sows. It has anesthetic, hypnotic, and sedative properties.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : The 3alpha-stereoisomer of 3-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one.		3.1103-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid		human metabolite;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
butylated hydroxytoluene
2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-methylphenol substituted by tert-butyl groups at positions 2 and 6.		3.5320phenolsantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
food additive;
geroprotector
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		2.0710glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
azides
Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.		2.110pseudohalide anionmitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		3.5120azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
paclitaxel
Taxus: Genus of coniferous yew trees or shrubs, several species of which have medicinal uses. Notable is the Pacific yew, Taxus brevifolia, which is used to make the anti-neoplastic drug taxol (PACLITAXEL).		5.3941taxane diterpenoid;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
microtubule-stabilising agent
6-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene
6-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source		3.110ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene
dexibuprofen
dexibuprofen: structure in first source		3.110ibuprofennon-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
benoxaprofen
benoxaprofen: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. benoxaprofen : A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid substituted at position 2 by a 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3-benzoxazol-5-yl group. It was used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug until 1982 when it was withdrawn from the market due to adverse side-effects including liver necrosis, photosensitivity, and carcinogenicity in animals.		3.1101,3-benzoxazoles;
monocarboxylic acid;
monochlorobenzenes		antipsoriatic;
antipyretic;
EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent;
nephrotoxin;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
protein kinase C agonist
6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid
[no description available]		2.0410chromanol;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
radical scavenger;
Wnt signalling inhibitor
epirubicin
Epirubicin: An anthracycline which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumor effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA.		210aminoglycoside;
anthracycline antibiotic;
anthracycline;
deoxy hexoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
p-quinones;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor
cefmetazole
Cefmetazole: A semisynthetic cephamycin antibiotic with a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms. It has a high rate of efficacy in many types of infection and to date no severe side effects have been noted.. cefmetazole : A second-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having N(1)-methyltetrazol-5-ylthiomethyl, {[(cyanomethyl)sulfanyl]acetyl}amino and methoxy side-groups at positions 3, 7beta and 7alpha respectively of the parent cephem bicyclic structure.		7.6730cephalosporinantibacterial drug
2-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene
2-hydroxybenzo(a)pyrene: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source		3.110ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene
laurocapram
laurocapram: enhances percutaneous absorption of different chemicals; structure given in first source		2.0810
colforsin
Colforsin: Potent activator of the adenylate cyclase system and the biosynthesis of cyclic AMP. From the plant COLEUS FORSKOHLII. Has antihypertensive, positive inotropic, platelet aggregation inhibitory, and smooth muscle relaxant activities; also lowers intraocular pressure and promotes release of hormones from the pituitary gland.		210acetate ester;
cyclic ketone;
labdane diterpenoid;
organic heterotricyclic compound;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
triol		adenylate cyclase agonist;
anti-HIV agent;
antihypertensive agent;
plant metabolite;
platelet aggregation inhibitor;
protein kinase A agonist
gemcitabine
gemcitabine : A 2'-deoxycytidine having geminal fluoro substituents in the 2'-position. An inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, gemcitabine is used in the treatment of various carcinomas, particularly non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer and breast cancer.		2.0810organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
photosensitizing agent;
prodrug;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
octyl gallate
[no description available]		3.110gallate esterfood antioxidant;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
vanadates
Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.		2.2510trivalent inorganic anion;
vanadium oxoanion		EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
4-[1-[4-[2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy]phenyl]-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenol
[no description available]		3.110stilbenoid
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.		2.1310D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein
2',7'-dichlorofluorescein: RN given refers to parent cpd		3.1102-benzofuransfluorochrome
ursolic acid
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		geroprotector;
plant metabolite
thiazolyl blue
thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.		2.0510organic bromide saltcolorimetric reagent;
dye
2',3'-dideoxythymidine triphosphate
ddTTP : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate having thymine as the nucleobase.		210pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate;
thymidine phosphate
gallocatechol
gallocatechol: structure give in first source; RN given for (trans-(+-))-omer; inhibits DNA-dependent DNA & RNA polymerases. (+)-gallocatechin : A gallocatechin that has (2R,3S)-configuration. It is found in green tea and bananas.. gallocatechin : A catechin that is a flavan substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3, 3', 4', 5, 5' and 7 (the trans isomer). It is isolated from Acacia mearnsii.		2.2510gallocatechinantioxidant;
metabolite;
radical scavenger
glutathione disulfide
Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.		2.1510glutathione derivative;
organic disulfide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
16-hydroxytestosterone
16-hydroxytestosterone: RN given refers to (16alpha,17beta)-isomer. 16alpha-hydroxytestosterone : A C19-steroid that is testosterone in which the hydrogen at the 16alpha position has been replaced by a hydroxy group.		3.11016alpha-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
androstanoid;
C19-steroid;
diol;
secondary alcohol		androgen
telmisartan
Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.		3.2110benzimidazoles;
biphenyls;
carboxybiphenyl		angiotensin receptor antagonist;
antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
2-methoxyestradiol
2-methoxy-17beta-estradiol : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid, being 17beta-estradiol methoxylated at C-2.		3.11017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid		angiogenesis modulating agent;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
triazoles
Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.		2.44201,2,3-triazole
5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthol
5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-1-naphthol : 1-naphthol hydrogenated at C-5, -6, -7 and -8.		3.110tetralins
isobutyramide
[no description available]		1.9910carboximidic acid
alfatradiol
alfatradiol: used for treating androgenetic alopecia. 17alpha-estradiol : An estradiol that is estra-1,3,5(10)-triene substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17 (the 17alpha stereoisomer).		3.11017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
estradiol		estrogen;
geroprotector
4-hydroxyquinoline
4-quinolone : A quinolone that is 1,4-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 4.		3.110monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone
tricaprin
tricaprin : A triglyceride obtained by formal acylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol by capric (decanoic) acid.		2.1510decanoate ester;
triglyceride
2-tetradecylglycidic acid
2-tetradecylglycidic acid: structure		1.9610
epicatechin
(-)-epicatechin : A catechin with (2R,3R)-configuration.		2.0510catechin;
polyphenol		antioxidant
(-)-catechin
(-)-catechin : The (-)-enantiomer of catechin.		2.0510catechinmetabolite
6-carboxyfluorescein
6-carboxyfluorescein: originally sold as 6-carboxyfluorescein, but commercial product is a mixture of two isomers; correct name is 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein		2.6830monocarboxylic acid
4'-methoxyflavone
4'-methoxyflavone: from seeds of Psoralea corylifolia (Fabaceae); structure in first source		2.0510ether;
flavonoids
rosiglitazone
[no description available]		3.6920aminopyridine;
thiazolidinediones		EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
insulin-sensitizing drug
12-hydroxydodecanoic acid
12-hydroxylauric acid : A medium-chain fatty acid that is the 12-hydroxylated derivative of lauric acid.		2.2510omega-hydroxy-medium-chain fatty acidhuman metabolite
3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol
3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol: serotonin metabolite; structure		2.1110catechols;
primary alcohol		antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
metabolite
coenzyme a
[no description available]		1.9610adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphatecoenzyme;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
17-alpha-hydroxypregnenolone
17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone: A 21-carbon steroid that is converted from PREGNENOLONE by STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE. It is an intermediate in the delta-5 pathway of biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and the adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.. 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone : A hydroxypregnenolone carrying an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17.		3.11017alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid;
17alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
hydroxypregnenolone;
tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin
5-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin: metabolite of phenytoin; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		3.110
fosthiazate
fosthiazate: structure in first source		2.0510organic phosphonate;
organothiophosphate insecticide;
phosphonic ester		agrochemical;
EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor;
nematicide
4-hydroxyphenylglycine
4-hydroxyphenylglycine : A glycine molecule carrying a 4-hydroxyphenyl substituent.		2.0110hydroxy-amino acidbacterial metabolite
7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
7-amino-4-methylcoumarin: RN given refers to parent cpd		3.1107-aminocoumarinsfluorochrome
11-hydroxyprogesterone, (11alpha)-isomer
11alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 11alpha-hydroxy steroid that is pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione substituted by a hydroxy group at position 11.		3.11011alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid
brexanolone
brexanolone: a mixture of allopregnanolone and sulfobutylether‐beta‐cyclodextrin for treatment of postpartum depression. brexanolone : A 3-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has alpha-configuration. It is a metabolite of the sex hormone progesterone and used for the treatment of postpartum depression in women.		3.1103-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-oneantidepressant;
GABA modulator;
human metabolite;
intravenous anaesthetic;
sedative
3,5-diiodothyronine, (l)-isomer
[no description available]		3.110phenylalanine derivative
rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate
rac-glycerol 1-monodecanoate: a monoglyceride of capric acid. 1-monodecanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has decanoyl (capryl) as the acyl group.. rac-1-monodecanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol composed of equal amounts of 3-decanoyl-sn-glycerol and 1-decanoyl-sn-glycerol.		2.9640rac-1-monoacylglycerol
glycylsarcosine
glycylsarcosine : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of glycine with the amino group of sarcosine.		2.1710dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide
4-decenoate
4-decenoic acid: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 5/88		2.6730
3-hydroxydodecanoic acid
3-hydroxydodecanoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 3-hydroxylauric acid : A medium-chain fatty acid that is the 3-hydroxylated derivative of lauric acid; associated with fatty acid metabolic disorders.		2.25103-hydroxy fatty acid;
medium-chain fatty acid
harmol hydrochloride
[no description available]		3.110
n-caproylglycine
N-hexanoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as hexanoyl.		1.9810N-acylglycinemetabolite
diosgenin
[no description available]		3.1103beta-sterol;
hexacyclic triterpenoid;
sapogenin;
spiroketal		antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
metabolite
sarsasapogenin, (3beta,5alpha,25r)-isomer
tigogenin : A widely used steroidal sapogenin isolated from several plant species and used for synthesizing steroid drugs.		3.110sapogeningout suppressant;
plant metabolite
coumarin 6
coumarin 6: structure in first source		2.13107-aminocoumarinsfluorochrome
3 alpha,17 alpha-dihydroxy-5 beta-pregnan-20-one
3alpha,17alpha-dihydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-pregnan-20-one carrying an additional hydroxy group at position 17alpha.		3.11017alpha-hydroxy steroid;
20-oxo steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
C21-steroid;
corticosteroid hormone		human urinary metabolite
2-methoxyestriol
[no description available]		3.110
1,3-didecanoylglycerol
[no description available]		1.9910
p-methoxy-n-methylphenethylamine
p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine: A potent mast cell degranulator. It is involved in histamine release.. N,O-dimethyltyramine : A secondary amino compound that is tyramine in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by a methyl group.		1.9810aromatic ether;
secondary amino compound		metabolite
2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid
2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid: putative toxic metabolite of valproic acid		1.9610methyl-branched fatty acid
2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine
2-hydroxyamino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: directly acting genotoxic metabolite of 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine. N-hydroxy-PhIP : An imidazopyridine that is 1H--imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 6 by methyl, hydoxyamino, and phenyl groups, respectively. The active metabolite of the dietary carcinogen PhIP.		3.110hydroxylamine;
imidazopyridine		carcinogenic agent;
genotoxin;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
neurotoxin;
rat metabolite
l-lactic acid
(S)-lactic acid : An optically active form of lactic acid having (S)-configuration.		2.0810(2S)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
2-hydroxypropanoic acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
epicatechin gallate
epicatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor; RN given refers to the (cis)-isomer; structure given in first source; isolated from green tea. (-)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of epicatechin. A natural product found in Parapiptadenia rigida.		2.0510catechin;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
metabolite
ecopipam
ecopipam: structure given in first source		3.110benzazepine
ibuprofen, (r)-isomer
[no description available]		3.110ibuprofen
11-hydroxytestosterone
11-hydroxytestosterone: RN given refers to (11 beta,17 beta)-isomer. 11beta-hydroxytestosterone : An androstanoid that is testosterone carrying an additional hydroxy substituent at the 11beta-position.		3.11011beta-hydroxy steroid;
17beta-hydroxy steroid;
3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
androstanoid;
C19-steroid		bacterial xenobiotic metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
marine metabolite
norbuprenorphine
norbuprenorphine: metabolite of buprenorphine found in urine & feces; RN given refers to (5alpha,7alpha)-isomer; structure given in first source		3.110phenanthrenes
prunasin
prunasin: cyanogenic glycoside; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		210prunasin
benzo(a)pyrene-3,6-quinol
[no description available]		3.110
caprylates
Caprylates: Derivatives of caprylic acid. Included under this heading are a broad variety of acid forms, salts, esters, and amides that contain a carboxy terminated eight carbon aliphatic structure.. octanoate : A straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion that is the conjugate base of octanoic acid (caprylic acid); believed to block adipogenesis.		9.57743fatty acid anion 8:0;
straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion		human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tauroglycocholic acid
tauroglycocholic acid: RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF		2.0210
carboxypolymethylene
carbomer: high molecular polyanionic substance		2.0610
razadyne
Razadyne: Name of the FDA approved preparation from J&J.		2.1710
butyryl-coenzyme a
[no description available]		210butanoyl-CoAsEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
solutol hs 15
Solutol HS 15: multidrug resistance modification agent in tumor cells; polyoxyethylene esters of 12-hydroxystearic acid; previous RN 105109-85-1		2.2110aliphatic alcohol
docetaxel anhydrous
Docetaxel: A semisynthetic analog of PACLITAXEL used in the treatment of locally advanced or metastatic BREAST NEOPLASMS and NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER.. docetaxel anhydrous : A tetracyclic diterpenoid that is paclitaxel with the N-benzyloxycarbonyl group replaced by N-tert-butoxycarbonyl, and the acetoxy group at position 10 replaced by a hydroxy group.		2.0810secondary alpha-hydroxy ketone;
tetracyclic diterpenoid		antimalarial;
antineoplastic agent;
photosensitizing agent
yh 439
YH 439: structure given in first source		2.0510aromatic amide;
isopropyl ester;
secondary carboxamide
3-hydroxyhexanoic acid
3-hydroxyhexanoic acid: abnormal metabolite in urine & serum of diabetic ketoacidotic patients		2.13103-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid
1-ethynylpyrene
1-ethynylpyrene: RN & structure given in first source; RN not in Chemline 12/84		2.0810
naproxen
Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.		3.110methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid		antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic
camphora
camphora: a component of Guanxingao, a kind of traditional Chinese rubber electuary medicine which is able to either cure or guard against coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. (R)-camphor : The (R)- enantiomer of camphor.		2.0510camphor
cortolone
[no description available]		3.11021-hydroxy steroid
fungitetraose
nistose: structure in first source		2.0210oligosaccharide
anacardic acid
anacardic acid: isolated from Anacardium occidentale; monophenol monooxygenase inhibitor. anacardic acid : A hydroxybenzoic acid that is salicylic acid substituted by a pentadecyl group at position 6. It is a major component of cashew nut shell liquid and exhibits an extensive range of bioactivities.		2.4110hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxybenzoic acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
isopulegol
isopulegol: isolated from Mentha cardiaca structure in first source		2.1110p-menthane monoterpenoidmetabolite
biotin
vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.		2.520biotins;
vitamin B7		coenzyme;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
prosthetic group;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ropivacaine
Ropivacaine: An anilide used as a long-acting local anesthetic. It has a differential blocking effect on sensory and motor neurons.. ropivacaine : The piperidinecarboxamide obtained by the formal condensation of N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline.. (S)-ropivacaine : A piperidinecarboxamide-based amide-type local anaesthetic (amide caine) in which (S)-N-propylpipecolic acid and 2,6-dimethylaniline are combined to form the amide bond.		2.0610piperidinecarboxamide;
ropivacaine		local anaesthetic
cilengitide
Cilengitide: an alphaVbeta3 integrin antagonist that paralyzes cancer cells		210oligopeptide
difructose anhydride iv
[no description available]		2.0210
carbocysteine
Carbocysteine: A compound formed when iodoacetic acid reacts with sulfhydryl groups in proteins. It has been used as an anti-infective nasal spray with mucolytic and expectorant action.. S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine : An L-cysteine thioether that is L-cysteine in which the hydrogen of the thiol group has been replaced by a carboxymethyl group.		3.110L-cysteine thioether;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid		mucolytic
difructose anhydride iii
difructose anhydride III: a non-reducing derivative of inulobiose		2.4320sugar dianhydride
(-)-gallocatechin gallate
(-)-gallocatechin gallate : A gallate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-gallocatechin. A natural product found in found in green tea.		2.0510catechin;
gallate ester;
polyphenol		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
cholic acid
Cholic Acid: A major primary bile acid produced in the liver and usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. It facilitates fat absorption and cholesterol excretion.. cholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid bearing three alpha-hydroxy substituents at position 3, 7 and 12.		3.52012alpha-hydroxy steroid;
3alpha-hydroxy steroid;
7alpha-hydroxy steroid;
bile acid;
C24-steroid;
trihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
deoxycholic acid
Deoxycholic Acid: A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent.. deoxycholic acid : A bile acid that is 5beta-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 12 respectively.		3.5280bile acid;
C24-steroid;
dihydroxy-5beta-cholanic acid		human blood serum metabolite
5-hydroxymethylfurfural
5-hydroxymethylfurfural: has antisickling activity; HMF is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural : A member of the class of furans that is furan which is substituted at positions 2 and 5 by formyl and hydroxymethyl substituents, respectively. Virtually absent from fresh foods, it is naturally generated in sugar-containing foods during storage, and especially by drying or cooking. It is the causative component in honey that affects the presystemic metabolism and pharmacokinetics of GZ in-vivo.		2.0510arenecarbaldehyde;
furans;
primary alcohol		indicator;
Maillard reaction product
5 alpha-androstane-3 beta,17 beta-diol
5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol : An androstane-3,17-diol that is 5alpha-androstane substituted by beta-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a metabolite of dihydrotestosterone.		3.11017beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
androstane-3,17-diol		Daphnia magna metabolite;
human metabolite
cortol
[no description available]		3.11021-hydroxy steroid
21-hydroxypregnenolone
21-hydroxypregnenolone: RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer;. 21-hydroxypregnenolone : A hydroxypregnenolone that is pregnenolone which has been substituted by a hydroxy group at position 21.		3.11021-hydroxy steroid;
hydroxypregnenolone;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone		mouse metabolite
2-hydroxyestradiol
2-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen; RN given refers to (17 beta)-isomer. 2-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 2-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 2.		3.11017beta-hydroxy steroid;
2-hydroxy steroid		carcinogenic agent;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug
epietiocholanolone
epietiocholanolone : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is 5beta-androstane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3beta and an oxo group at position 17. It is a metabolite of testosterone.		3.11017-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
animal metabolite;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
rat metabolite
benzofurans
Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.		2.0510
sodium bromide
sodium bromide: RN given refers to parent cpd. sodium bromide : An inorganic sodium salt having bromide as the counterion.		2.1310bromide salt;
inorganic sodium salt
naringenin
(S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.		3.110(2S)-flavan-4-one;
naringenin		expectorant;
plant metabolite
3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid
3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid: from S. miltiorhiza Bge; dilates coronary artery; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation		2.05102-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
catechols
tartaric acid
tartaric acid: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-tartaric acid : The D-enantiomer of tartaric acid.		3.5320tartaric acidEscherichia coli metabolite
nitroarginine
Nitroarginine: An inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase which has been shown to prevent glutamate toxicity. Nitroarginine has been experimentally tested for its ability to prevent ammonia toxicity and ammonia-induced alterations in brain energy and ammonia metabolites. (Neurochem Res 1995:200(4):451-6). N(gamma)-nitro-L-arginine : An L-arginine derivative that is L-arginine in which the terminal nitrogen of the guanidyl group is replaced by a nitro group.		2.1110guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
N-nitro compound;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
1-kestose
1-kestose: sugar found in vegetables; structure given in first source. 1-kestose : A trisaccharide found in vegetables consisting of beta-D-fructofuranose having beta-D-fructofuranosyl and alpha-D-glucopyranosyl residues attached at the 1- and 2-positions respectively.		2.0210trisaccharide
cholesteryl glucoside
cholesteryl glucoside: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		2.0510monosaccharide derivative;
sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside
2-hydroxyestrone
2-hydroxyestrone: catechol estrogen which is a major metabolite of estradiol in man & animals; RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-hydroxyestrone : A 2-hydroxy steroid that is estrone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2.		3.1102-hydroxy steroid;
catechols		human metabolite
epiandrosterone
epiandrosterone : A 3beta-hydroxy steroid that is (5alpha)-androstane substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17.		3.11017-oxo steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid;
androstanoid		androgen;
human metabolite
naringin
[no description available]		3.110(2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
neohesperidoside		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite
ochratoxin a
ochratoxin A: structure in first source & in Merck, 9th ed, #6549. ochratoxin A : A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum.		2.4720isochromanes;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
N-acyl-L-phenylalanine;
organochlorine compound;
phenylalanine derivative		Aspergillus metabolite;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
mycotoxin;
nephrotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
teratogenic agent
1-alpha-terpineol
(S)-(-)-alpha-terpineol : The (S)-enantiomer of alpha-terpineol.		3.110alpha-terpineolplant metabolite
diprenorphine
Diprenorphine: A narcotic antagonist similar in action to NALOXONE. It is used to remobilize animals after ETORPHINE neuroleptanalgesia and is considered a specific antagonist to etorphine.		3.110morphinane alkaloid
betadex
beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.		340cyclodextrin
e-z cinnamic acid
cinnamic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.. trans-cinnamic acid : The E (trans) isomer of cinnamic acid		2.0510cinnamic acidplant metabolite
ergosterol
[no description available]		3.1103beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid;
3beta-sterol;
ergostanoid;
phytosterols		fungal metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tretinoin
Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.		3.110retinoic acid;
vitamin A		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
AP-1 antagonist;
human metabolite;
keratolytic drug;
retinoic acid receptor agonist;
retinoid X receptor agonist;
signalling molecule
arachidonic acid
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.		2.0210icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
alpha-cyclodextrin
alpha-cyclodextrin : A cycloamylose composed of six alpha-(1->4) linked D-glucopyranose units.		6.9710cyclodextrin
retinol
Vitamin A: Retinol and derivatives of retinol that play an essential role in metabolic functioning of the retina, the growth of and differentiation of epithelial tissue, the growth of bone, reproduction, and the immune response. Dietary vitamin A is derived from a variety of CAROTENOIDS found in plants. It is enriched in the liver, egg yolks, and the fat component of dairy products.. vitamin A : Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication.. all-trans-retinol : A retinol in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.. retinol : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).		3.4920retinol;
vitamin A		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
oleic acid
Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.		9.56240octadec-9-enoic acidantioxidant;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
solvent
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.		3.5320ferulic acidsanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
eicosapentaenoic acid
icosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C20 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid : An icosapentaenoic acid having five cis-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11, 14 and 17.		340icosapentaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		anticholesteremic drug;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
fungal metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
mycophenolic acid
Mycophenolic Acid: Compound derived from Penicillium stoloniferum and related species. It blocks de novo biosynthesis of purine nucleotides by inhibition of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMP DEHYDROGENASE). Mycophenolic acid exerts selective effects on the immune system in which it prevents the proliferation of T-CELLS, LYMPHOCYTES, and the formation of antibodies from B-CELLS. It may also inhibit recruitment of LEUKOCYTES to sites of INFLAMMATION.. mycophenolate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of mycophenolic acid.. mycophenolic acid : A member of the class of 2-benzofurans that is 2-benzofuran-1(3H)-one which is substituted at positions 4, 5, 6, and 7 by methyl, methoxy, (2E)-5-carboxy-3-methylpent-2-en-1-yl, and hydroxy groups, respectively. It is an antibiotic produced by Penicillium brevi-compactum, P. stoloniferum, P. echinulatum and related species. An immunosuppressant, it is widely used (partiularly as its sodium salt and as the 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl ester prodrug, mycophenolate mofetil) to prevent tissue rejection following organ transplants and for the treatment of certain autoimmune diseases.		3.1102-benzofurans;
gamma-lactone;
monocarboxylic acid;
phenols		anticoronaviral agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
mycotoxin;
Penicillium metabolite;
xenobiotic
lycopene
[no description available]		2.0510acyclic caroteneantioxidant;
plant metabolite
diethylstilbestrol
Diethylstilbestrol: A synthetic nonsteroidal estrogen used in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders. It was also used formerly as a growth promoter in animals. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), diethylstilbestrol has been listed as a known carcinogen. (Merck, 11th ed). diethylstilbestrol : An olefinic compound that is trans-hex-3-ene in which the hydrogens at positions 3 and 4 have been replaced by p-hydroxyphenyl groups.		3.110olefinic compound;
polyphenol		antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
autophagy inducer;
calcium channel blocker;
carcinogenic agent;
EC 1.1.1.146 (11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor;
endocrine disruptor;
xenoestrogen
maltitol
maltitol : An alpha-D-glucoside consisting of D-glucitol having an alpha-D-glucosyl residue attached at the 4-position. Used as a sugar substitute.		2.4620alpha-D-glucoside;
glycosyl alditol		laxative;
metabolite;
sweetening agent
11-mercaptoundecanoic acid
[no description available]		2.0710
trans-4-coumaric acid
hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring.		2.05104-coumaric acidfood component;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
geraniol
[no description available]		3.1103,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-ol;
monoterpenoid;
primary alcohol		allergen;
fragrance;
plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
glycosides
[no description available]		2.4220
citral
citral: Xref geranial: geraniol is also available; Xref neral: nerol is also available; vitamin A antagonist; oxygenated monoterpene; inhibits cytosolic dehydrogenases; structure. citral : An enal that consists of octa-2,6-dienal bearing methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7. A mixture of the two geometric isomers geranial and neral, it is the major constituent (75-85%) of oil of lemon grass, the volatile oil of Cymbopogon citratus, or of C. flexuosus. It also occurs in oils of verbena, lemon, and orange.		2.4220enal;
monoterpenoid;
polyprenal		plant metabolite;
volatile oil component
Methylenedioxycinnamic acid
[no description available]		2.0510hydroxycinnamic acid
sorbic acid
Sorbic Acid: Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.. (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid : A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.. sorbic acid : A hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring.		2.4420alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid;
sorbic acid
malonyl coenzyme a
Malonyl Coenzyme A: A coenzyme A derivative which plays a key role in the fatty acid synthesis in the cytoplasmic and microsomal systems.. omega-carboxyacyl-CoA : An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with one of the carboxy groups of any alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid.		1.9710malonyl-CoAsEC 2.3.1.21 (carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
dodecylphosphocholine
dodecylphosphocholine: phospholipase A2 inhibitor; RN refers to chloride. dodecylphosphocholine : A phosphocholine that is the monododecyl ester of phosphocholine		2.0610phosphocholinesdetergent
amygdalin
[no description available]		210
dienestrol
Dienestrol: A synthetic, non-steroidal estrogen structurally related to stilbestrol. It is used, usually as the cream, in the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal symptoms.. dienestrol : An olefinic compound that is hexa-2,4-diene substituted by 4-hydroxyphenyl groups at positions 3 and 4 respectively.		3.110
caffeic acid
trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.		2.0510caffeic acidgeroprotector;
mouse metabolite
captax
captax: RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol : 1,3-Benzothiazole substituted at the 2-position with a sulfanyl group.		3.110aryl thiol;
benzothiazoles		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite
thiothixene
[no description available]		3.110N-methylpiperazineanticoronaviral agent
3-phenylpropionylglycine
3-phenylpropionylglycine: found in urine of patients suffering from medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency; RN refers to HCl		1.9810aromatic ketone
chlorogenic acid
caffeoylquinic acid: Antiviral Agent; structure in first source. chlorogenate : A monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of chlorogenic acid; major species at pH 7.3.		3.5320cinnamate ester;
tannin		food component;
plant metabolite
thiourea
Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.		1.9710one-carbon compound;
thioureas;
ureas		antioxidant;
chromophore
fumonisin b1
fumonisin B1: isolated from Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting activity; inhibits ceramide synthase. fumonisin B1 : A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol.		2.0110diester;
fumonisin;
primary amino compound;
triol		carcinogenic agent;
metabolite
sodium taurodeoxycholate
Taurodeoxycholic Acid: A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, also industrially as a fat emulsifier.. taurodeoxycholic acid : A bile acid taurine conjugate of deoxycholic acid.. taurodeoxycholate : An organosulfonate oxoanion that is the conjugate base of taurodeoxycholic acid.		2.5220bile acid taurine conjugatehuman metabolite
nadp
[no description available]		2.0510
monooctanoin
monooctanoin: dissolution agent for retained cholesterol bile duct stones; RN in Chemline for octanoic acid, ester with 1,2,3-propanetriol, MF unknown: 11140-04-8; RN for octanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester (1-monooctanoin): 502-54-5; RN in 9th CI Form Index for (+-)-1-monooctanoin: 19670-49-6. rac-1-monooctanoylglycerol : A rac-1-monoacylglycerol comprising equal amounts of 1-octanoyl-sn-glycerol and 3-octanoyl-sn-glycerol.. 1-monooctanoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride that has octanoyl as the acyl group.		2.05101-monoglyceride;
octanoate ester;
rac-1-monoacylglycerol
sch 23390
SCH 23390: a selective D1-receptor antagonist. SCH 23390 : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1, a methyl substituent at position 3, a chloro substituent at position 7 and a hydroxy substituent at position 8.		3.110benzazepine
gw 7647
GW 7647: a PPAR-alpha agonist; structure in first source. GW 7647 : A monocarboxylic acid that is 2-(phenylsulfanyl)isobutyric acid in which the phenyl group is substituted at the para- position by a 3-aza-7-cyclohexylhept-1-yl group in which the nitrogen is acylated by a (cyclohexylamino)carbonyl group.		2.4110aryl sulfide;
monocarboxylic acid;
ureas		PPARalpha agonist
sodium dodecyl sulfate
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.		3.250organic sodium saltdetergent;
protein denaturant
digitoxigenin
Digitoxigenin: 3 beta,14-Dihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digitoxin. Synonyms: Cerberigenin; Echujetin; Evonogenin; Thevetigenin.. digitoxigenin : A 5beta-cardenolide that is 5beta-cardanolide with hydroxy substituents at the 3beta- and 14beta-positions and double bond unsaturation at C(20)-C(22).		3.11014beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid
rhodamine 123
Rhodamine 123: A fluorescent probe with low toxicity which is a potent substrate for ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 and the bacterial multidrug efflux transporter. It is used to assess mitochondrial bioenergetics in living cells and to measure the efflux activity of ATP BINDING CASSETTE TRANSPORTER, SUBFAMILY B, MEMBER 1 in both normal and malignant cells. (Leukemia 1997;11(7):1124-30). rhodamine 123(1+) : A cationic fluorescent dye derived from 9-phenylxanthene.		1.9910organic cation;
xanthene dye		fluorochrome
quercetin
[no description available]		3.53207-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
bilirubin
[no description available]		3.110biladienes;
dicarboxylic acid		antioxidant;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
biochanin a
[no description available]		2.05104'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.5.1.99 (fatty acid amide hydrolase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
formononetin
[no description available]		2.05104'-methoxyisoflavones;
7-hydroxyisoflavones		phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
arachidonyltrifluoromethane
arachidonyltrifluoromethane: structure given in first source; inhibits 85-kDa phospholipase A2. AACOCF3 : A fatty acid derivative that is arachidonic acid in which the OH part of the carboxy group has been replaced by a trifluoromethyl group		210fatty acid derivative;
ketone;
olefinic compound;
organofluorine compound		EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor
acacetin
5,7-dihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone : A monomethoxyflavone that is the 4'-methyl ether derivative of apigenin.		2.0510dihydroxyflavone;
monomethoxyflavone		anticonvulsant;
plant metabolite
apigenin
Chamomile: Common name for several daisy-like plants (MATRICARIA; TRIPLEUROSPERMUM; ANTHEMIS; CHAMAEMELUM) native to Europe and Western Asia, now naturalized in the United States and Australia.		3.5320trihydroxyflavoneantineoplastic agent;
metabolite
luteolin
[no description available]		2.05103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
tetrahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
linoleic acid
Linoleic Acid: A doubly unsaturated fatty acid, occurring widely in plant glycosides. It is an essential fatty acid in mammalian nutrition and is used in the biosynthesis of prostaglandins and cell membranes. (From Stedman, 26th ed). linoleic acid : An octadecadienoic acid in which the two double bonds are at positions 9 and 12 and have Z (cis) stereochemistry.		3.96130octadecadienoic acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
Daphnia galeata metabolite;
plant metabolite
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes		2.4110D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol		antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
quercitrin
[no description available]		2.0510alpha-L-rhamnoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
quercetin O-glycoside;
tetrahydroxyflavone		antileishmanial agent;
antioxidant;
EC 1.1.1.184 [carbonyl reductase (NADPH)] inhibitor;
EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
scopoletin
[no description available]		3.110hydroxycoumarinplant growth regulator;
plant metabolite
beta carotene
beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.		2.0510carotenoid beta-end derivative;
cyclic carotene		antioxidant;
biological pigment;
cofactor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
provitamin A
hymecromone
Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID.		3.110hydroxycoumarinantineoplastic agent;
hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor
vitamin d 2
Ergocalciferols: Derivatives of ERGOSTEROL formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. They differ from CHOLECALCIFEROL in having a double bond between C22 and C23 and a methyl group at C24.. vitamin D2 : A vitamin D supplement and has been isolated from alfalfa.		3.110hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-ergostane;
vitamin D		bone density conservation agent;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
rodenticide
cholecalciferol
Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.		3.110D3 vitamins;
hydroxy seco-steroid;
seco-cholestane;
secondary alcohol;
steroid hormone		geroprotector;
human metabolite
alpha-linolenic acid
linolenic acid : A two-membered subclass of octadecatrienoic acid comprising the (9Z,12Z,15Z)- and (6Z,9Z,12Z)-isomers. Linolenic acids are nutrients essential to the formation of prostaglandins and are also used in making paints and synthetic resins.. linolenate : A polyunsaturated fatty acid anion obtained by deprotonation of the carboxy group of either alpha- or gamma-linolenic acid.		3.1350linolenic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical
genistein
[no description available]		2.05107-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human urinary metabolite;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		2.3110antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
erucic acid
[no description available]		2.0510docosenoic acid
nervonic acid
(15Z)-tetracosenoic acid : A tetracosenoic acid having a cis-double bond at position 15.		2.0510tetracosenoic acid
2-hexenal, z-isomer
2-hexenal: product of lipid peroxidation in the rat liver; a green odor chemical; do not confuse with the hexabarbital synonym, hexenal; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 2-hexenal : A hexenal having the double bond at the 2-position.. (2E)-hexenal : A 2-hexenal in which the olefinic double bond has E configuration. It occurs naturally in a wide range of fruits, vegetables, and spices.		2.05102-hexenalantibacterial agent;
flavouring agent;
plant metabolite
genistin
genistin: glycoside of soy bean isoflavone, gentistein		2.05107-hydroxyisoflavones 7-O-beta-D-glucoside
esculetin
esculetin: used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light; structure. esculetin : A hydroxycoumarin that is umbelliferone in which the hydrogen at position 6 is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is used in filters for absorption of ultraviolet light.		3.5320hydroxycoumarinantioxidant;
plant metabolite;
ultraviolet filter
7-hydroxycoumarin
7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7.		3.110hydroxycoumarinfluorescent probe;
food component;
plant metabolite
baicalein
[no description available]		3.110trihydroxyflavoneangiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
EC 1.13.11.31 (arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor;
EC 4.1.1.17 (ornithine decarboxylase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
hormone antagonist;
plant metabolite;
prostaglandin antagonist;
radical scavenger
chrysin
chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.		3.53207-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
fisetin
[no description available]		3.1103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
7-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
galangin
5,7-dihydroxyflavonol: antimicrobial from the twigs of Populus nigra x Populus deltoides; structure in first source. galangin : A 7-hydroxyflavonol with additional hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 respectively; a growth inhibitor of breast tumor cells.		3.1107-hydroxyflavonol;
trihydroxyflavone		antimicrobial agent;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
daidzein
[no description available]		2.47207-hydroxyisoflavonesantineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor;
EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite
forsythiaside
forsythiaside: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source; from the unripe fruit of Forsythia suspensa (qinglianquiao)		2.0710hydroxycinnamic acid
coenzyme q10
coenzyme Q10: Ubiquinone ring with a chain of 10 isoprene units; redox equilibrium with ubiqunol serving in mitochondrial inner membrane to transfer electrons; presence during reconstitution of acetylcholine receptor into phospholipid vesicles yields vesicles active in catalyzing carbamylcholine-sensitive Na+ flux; coenzyme Q10 depletion has been noted with use of statins. coenzyme Q10 : A ubiquinone having a side chain of 10 isoprenoid units. In the naturally occurring isomer, all isoprenyl double bonds are in the E- configuration.		2.0310ubiquinonesantioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
human metabolite
cerulenin
Cerulenin: An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including ACREMONIUM, Acrocylindrum, and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.. cerulenin : An epoxydodecadienamide isolated from several species, including Acremonium, Acrocylindrum and Helicoceras. It inhibits the biosynthesis of several lipids by interfering with enzyme function.		2.3920epoxide;
monocarboxylic acid amide		antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
antilipemic drug;
antimetabolite;
antimicrobial agent;
fatty acid synthesis inhibitor
4-hydroxyestradiol
4-hydroxyestradiol: catechol estrogen. 4-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol having an additional hydroxy group at position 4.		3.1104-hydroxy steroidmetabolite
isotretinoin
Isotretinoin: A topical dermatologic agent that is used in the treatment of ACNE VULGARIS and several other skin diseases. The drug has teratogenic and other adverse effects.. isotretinoin : A retinoic acid that is all-trans-retinoic acid in which the double bond which is alpha,beta- to the carboxy group is isomerised to Z configuration. A synthetic retinoid, it is used for the treatment of severe cases of acne and other skin diseases.		3.110retinoic acidantineoplastic agent;
keratolytic drug;
teratogenic agent
misoprostol
Misoprostol: A synthetic analog of natural prostaglandin E1. It produces a dose-related inhibition of gastric acid and pepsin secretion, and enhances mucosal resistance to injury. It is an effective anti-ulcer agent and also has oxytocic properties.. misoprostol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of approximately equal amounts of a double racemate of four of the sixteen possible diastereoisomers of methyl (13E)-11,16-dihydroxy-16-methyl-9-oxoprost-13-en-1-oate that is racemic prostaglandin E1 which is lacking the hydroxy group at position 15, but which has an additional hydroxy group at position 16. It is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analogue, used in the treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. A weak abortifacient, it is also used for cervical ripening prior to surgical termination of pregnancy. The (11R,16S)-diastereoisomer is the pharmacologically active form.		2.1110
2-decenoic acid
2-decenoic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. decenoic acid : Any C10 monounsaturated fatty acid having a double bond in the carbon backbone.. trans-2-decenoic acid : A 2-decenoic acid having its double bond in the trans configuration. It is an intermediate metabolite in the fatty acid synthesis.. 2-decenoic acid : A decenoic acid having its double bond in position 2.		2.5202-decenoic acidhuman metabolite
2-dodecenoic acid
2-dodecenoic acid: structure in first source. trans-2-dodecenoic acid : The trans isomer of 2-dodecenoic acid.. 2-dodecenoic acid : A dodecenoic acid having its double bond at position 2.		2.17102-dodecenoic acid
2-tetradecenoic acid
trans-2-tetradecenoic acid : A 2-tetradecenoic acid having trans-configuration.. tetradecenoic acid : Any C14 straight-chain monounsaturated fatty acid having one C=C double bond.. 2-tetradecenoic acid : A tetradecenoic acid having its double bond in the 2-position.		2.17102-tetradecenoic acid
2-heptenal
2-heptenal: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. hept-2-enal : An enal consisting of hept-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position.. (E)-hept-2-enal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is (2E)-hept-2-ene which is carrying an oxo group at position 1. Found in the peel of Malaysian pink and white pomelo peel and in the scent gland secretion of the rice stink bug Oebalus pugnax.		2.0510enal;
medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
monounsaturated fatty aldehyde		plant metabolite;
uremic toxin
2-octenal
2-octenal: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. (E)-oct-2-enal : The (E)-isomer of oct-2-enal.. oct-2-enal : An enal consisting of oct-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position.		2.0510oct-2-enalantifungal agent;
volatile oil component
2-nonenal, (trans)-isomer
2-nonenal: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. non-2-enal : An enal consisting of non-2-ene having an oxo group at the 1-position.. (E)-non-2-enal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is (2E)-non-2-ene which is carrying an oxo group at position 1.		2.0510enal;
medium-chain fatty aldehyde;
monounsaturated fatty aldehyde		plant metabolite
(2e)-decenal
(2E)-decenal: structure in first source. (2E)-dec-2-enal : A dec-2-enal in which the olefinic double bond has E configuration.		2.05102-decenalalarm pheromone;
mutagen;
nematicide
(2e)-undecenal
(2E)-undecenal: structure in first source. (E)-2-undecenal : A 2-undecenal in which the C=C bond has E configuration.. undecenal : A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is undecanal which has undergone formal dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at unspecified position.. 2-undecenal : An undecenal in which the C=C bond is located at the 2-3 position.		2.05102-undecenal
n-oleoylethanolamine
N-oleoylethanolamine: ceramidase inhibitor. oleoyl ethanolamide : An N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine that is the ethanolamide of oleic acid. The monounsaturated analogue of the endocannabinoid anandamide.		2.0810endocannabinoid;
N-(long-chain-acyl)ethanolamine;
N-acylethanolamine 18:1		EC 3.5.1.23 (ceramidase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
PPARalpha agonist
1-monooleoyl-rac-glycerol
Peceol: lipid excipient containing readily dispersible mixture of mono- & diglycerides of oleic acid. 1-oleoylglycerol : A 1-monoglyceride where the acyl group is oleoyl.. monooleoylglycerol : A monoglyceride in which the acyl group is oleoyl with the position of acylation unspecified.		2.05101-acylglycerol 18:1;
monooleoylglycerol		plant metabolite
hyodeoxycholic acid
hyodeoxycholic acid: differs from deoxycholic acid in that the 6 alpha-OH is in the 12 position in the former; RN given refers to (3alpha,5beta,6alpha)-isomer. hyodeoxycholic acid : A member of the class of 5beta-cholanic acids that is (5beta)-cholan-24-oic acid substituted by alpha-hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 6.		3.1105beta-cholanic acids;
6alpha,20xi-murideoxycholic acid;
bile acid;
C24-steroid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
codeine
[no description available]		3.110morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antitussive;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
opioid analgesic;
opioid receptor agonist;
prodrug;
xenobiotic
cyclosporine
ramihyphin A: one of the metabolites produced by Fusarium sp. S-435; RN given refers to cpd with unknown MF		3.6411homodetic cyclic peptideanti-asthmatic drug;
anticoronaviral agent;
antifungal agent;
antirheumatic drug;
carcinogenic agent;
dermatologic drug;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
immunosuppressive agent;
metabolite
hydromorphone
Hydromorphone: An opioid analgesic made from MORPHINE and used mainly as an analgesic. It has a shorter duration of action than morphine.. hydromorphone : A morphinane alkaloid that is a hydrogenated ketone derivative of morphine. A semi-synthetic drug, it is a centrally acting pain medication of the opioid class.		3.110morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
nalmefene
nalmefene: RN given refers to 5-alpha isomer		3.110morphinane alkaloid
nalorphine
Nalorphine: A narcotic antagonist with some agonist properties. It is an antagonist at mu opioid receptors and an agonist at kappa opioid receptors. Given alone it produces a broad spectrum of unpleasant effects and it is considered to be clinically obsolete.		3.110morphinane alkaloid
naloxone
Naloxone: A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors.. naloxone : A synthetic morphinane alkaloid that is morphinone in which the enone double bond has been reduced to a single bond, the hydrogen at position 14 has been replaced by a hydroxy group, and the methyl group attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by an allyl group. A specific opioid antagonist, it is used (commonly as its hydrochloride salt) to reverse the effects of opioids, both following their use of opioids during surgery and in cases of known or suspected opioid overdose.		3.110morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary alcohol		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist
oxycodone
Oxycodone: A semisynthetic derivative of CODEINE.. oxycodone : A semisynthetic opioid of formula C18H21NO4 that is derived from thebaine. It is a moderately potent opioid analgesic, generally used for relief of moderate to severe pain.		3.110organic heteropentacyclic compound;
semisynthetic derivative		antitussive;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic
oxymorphone
Oxymorphone: An opioid analgesic with actions and uses similar to those of MORPHINE, apart from an absence of cough suppressant activity. It is used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including pain in obstetrics. It may also be used as an adjunct to anesthesia. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1092)		3.110morphinane alkaloid
6alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol
6alpha-hydroxy-17beta-estradiol : A 4-hydroxy steroid that consists of 17beta-estradiol bearing an additional 6alpha-hydroxy substituent.		3.1106alpha-hydroxy steroid
morphine
Meconium: The thick green-to-black mucilaginous material found in the intestines of a full-term fetus. It consists of secretions of the INTESTINAL GLANDS; BILE PIGMENTS; FATTY ACIDS; AMNIOTIC FLUID; and intrauterine debris. It constitutes the first stools passed by a newborn.		3.110morphinane alkaloid;
organic heteropentacyclic compound;
tertiary amino compound		anaesthetic;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
geroprotector;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
opioid analgesic;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent;
xenobiotic
nalbuphine
Nalbuphine: A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at KAPPA RECEPTORS and an antagonist or partial agonist at MU RECEPTORS.		3.110organic heteropentacyclic compoundmu-opioid receptor antagonist;
opioid analgesic
1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.		2.1110phosphatidylcholine(1+)
bisdemethoxycurcumin
curcumin III: structure in first source. bisdemethoxycurcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by 4-hydroxycinnamoyl groups.		2.0510beta-diketone;
diarylheptanoid;
enone;
polyphenol		EC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor;
metabolite
cinnamyl alcohol
cinnamyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. (E)-cinnamyl alcohol : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamyl alcohol.. cinnamyl alcohol : A primary alcohol comprising an allyl core with a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position and a phenyl substituent at the 3-position (geometry of the C=C bond unspecified).		3.110cinnamyl alcoholplant metabolite
civetone
civetone : A macrocycle that is cycloheptadecanone with an unsaturation at position 9 (the 9Z-stereoisomer). It has been found in African Civets.		7.2510cyclic ketone;
macrocycle		animal metabolite;
fragrance;
pheromone
methyl linolenate
[no description available]		2.0510fatty acid methyl esterinsect attractant;
plant metabolite
5-hydroxy-3,3',4',7-tetramethoxyflavone
5-hydroxy-3,7,3',4'-tetramethoxyflavone: from the rhizome of Kaempferia parviflora; inhibits monocyte adhesion and cellular reactive oxygen species production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. 5-hydroxy-3,3',4',7-tetramethoxyflavone : A monohydroxyflavone that is 5-hydroxyflavone which is substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3,3',4' and 7.		2.05103'-methoxyflavones;
monohydroxyflavone;
tetramethoxyflavone		plant metabolite
levorphanol
Levorphanol: A narcotic analgesic that may be habit-forming. It is nearly as effective orally as by injection.		3.110morphinane alkaloid
naltrexone
Naltrexone: Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of NALOXONE. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence.. naltrexone : An organic heteropentacyclic compound that is naloxone substituted in which the allyl group attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a cyclopropylmethyl group. A mu-opioid receptor antagonist, it is used to treat alcohol dependence.		3.110cyclopropanes;
morphinane-like compound;
organic heteropentacyclic compound		antidote to opioid poisoning;
central nervous system depressant;
environmental contaminant;
mu-opioid receptor antagonist;
xenobiotic
sulfur
Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.		2.0210chalcogen;
nonmetal atom		macronutrient
dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine
1,2-di-O-myristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine where the two phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).. dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine where the phosphatidyl acyl groups are specified as tetradecanoyl (myristoyl).		2101,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine;
phosphatidylcholine 28:0;
tetradecanoate ester		antigen;
mouse metabolite
fumarates
Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-)		3.8521butenedioate;
C4-dicarboxylate		human metabolite;
metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.		2.0610cysteiniumfundamental metabolite
normorphine
normorphine: RN given refers to (5 alpha,6 alpha)-isomer		3.110morphinane alkaloid
naltrindole benzofuran
naltrindole benzofuran: structure given in first source		3.110morphinane alkaloid
lysophosphatidic acid
[no description available]		2.0810
docosapentaenoic acid
docosapentaenoic acid : Any straight-chain, C22 fatty acid having five C=C double bonds.. (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid : The all-cis-isomer of a C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid having five double bonds in the 7-, 10-, 13-, 16- and 19-positions.		2.0210docosapentaenoic acid;
omega-3 fatty acid		algal metabolite;
human metabolite
naltrindole
naltrindole: delta opioid receptor antagonist		3.110isoquinolines
ammonium sulfate
Ammonium Sulfate: Sulfuric acid diammonium salt. It is used in CHEMICAL FRACTIONATION of proteins.. ammonium sulfate : An inorganic sulfate salt obtained by reaction of sulfuric acid with two equivalents of ammonia. A high-melting (decomposes above 280degreeC) white solid which is very soluble in water (70.6 g/100 g water at 0degreeC; 103.8 g/100 g water at 100degreeC), it is widely used as a fertilizer for alkaline soils.		2.1110ammonium salt;
inorganic sulfate salt		fertilizer
calcium fumarate
[no description available]		3.4511
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer		2.3110
tetracosenoic acid
tetracosenoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. tetracosenoic acid : Any C24 monounsaturated fatty acid containing one double bond.		2.1710
salvianolic acid B
salvianolic acid B: isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza. salvianolic acid B : A member of the class of 1-benzofurans that is an antioxidant and free radical scavenging compound extracted from S. miltiorrhiza		2.05101-benzofurans;
catechols;
dicarboxylic acid;
enoate ester;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antidepressant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
hepatoprotective agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
osteogenesis regulator;
plant metabolite
19-hydroxycholesterol
19-hydroxycholesterol: structure given in first source		3.110cholestanoid
borneol
[no description available]		3.110borneol
sq-23377
Ionomycin: A divalent calcium ionophore that is widely used as a tool to investigate the role of intracellular calcium in cellular processes.. ionomycin : A very long-chain fatty acid that is docosa-10,16-dienoic acid which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 4, 6, 8, 12, 14, 18 and 20, by hydroxy groups at positions 11, 19 and 21, and by a (2',5-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl)ethanol group at position 21. An ionophore produced by Streptomyces conglobatus, it is used in research to raise the intracellular level of Ca(2+) and as a research tool to understand Ca(2+) transport across biological membranes.		3.2110cyclic ether;
enol;
polyunsaturated fatty acid;
very long-chain fatty acid		calcium ionophore;
metabolite
ebiratide
ebiratide: analog of ACTH 4-9; RN given in USAN; RR given in Toxlit 10/88		1.9910
isoborneol
isoborneol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure		2.2510borneol
bufalin
bufalin: cardiotonic; powerful anesthetic & one of the active constituents of the Chinese drug ch'an su(senso); in Japan prepared from skin of Bufo bufo garfarizans; RN given refers to (3beta,5beta)-isomer. bufalin : A 14beta-hydroxy steroid that is bufan-20,22-dienolide having hydroxy substituents at the 5beta- and 14beta-positions. It has been isolated from the skin of the toad Bufo bufo.		2.211014beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy steroid		animal metabolite;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
cardiotonic drug
etomoxir
[no description available]		2.3110aromatic ether
sucrose monolaurate
sucrose monolaurate: RN given refers to monolaurate		2.0810
sorbitan monooleate
[no description available]		2.2110fatty acid ester
perampanel
perampanel : A member of the class of bipyridines that is 2,3'-bipyridin-6'-one substituted at positions 1' and 5' by phenyl and 2-cyanophenyl groups respectively. Used as an adjunctive therapy for the treatment of partial-onset seizures in patients with epilepsy.		7.6120bipyridines;
nitrile;
pyridone		AMPA receptor antagonist;
anticonvulsant
norcodeine
norcodeine: RN given refers to (5 alpha,6 alpha)-isomer. norcodeine : A morphinane-like compound that is the N-demethylated derivative of codeine.		3.110morphinane alkaloid
gw0742
GW 610742: structure in first source		2.4110monocarboxylic acid
isoleucyl-prolyl-proline
[no description available]		2.1710oligopeptide
tan 67
[no description available]		2.0810quinolines
4-hydroxyestrone
4-hydroxyestrone : A 4-hydroxy steroid that is estrone substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4.		3.11017-oxo steroid;
3-hydroxy steroid;
4-hydroxy steroid;
catechols;
phenolic steroid		carcinogenic agent;
estrogen;
human urinary metabolite
heptakis(2,6-o-dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin
heptakis(2,6-O-dimethyl)beta-cyclodextrin: stimulant for Bordetella pertussis Phase I		2.1310
decanoylcarnitine
decanoylcarnitine: therapeutic agent for diabetic acidosis; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. O-decanoylcarnitine : An O-acylcarnitine compound having decanoyl as the acyl substituent.		3.7930decanoate ester;
O-acylcarnitine		human urinary metabolite
11 beta-hydroxyandrosterone
11 beta-hydroxyandrosterone: RN given refers to (3alpha,5alpha,11beta)-isomer; structure		3.1103-hydroxy steroidandrogen
2-hydroxyestriol
2-hydroxyestriol: structure		3.110
ucn 1028 c
calphostin C: structure given in first source; isolated from Cladosporium cladosporioides		210
ribose
ribopyranose : The pyranose form of ribose.		2.2510D-ribose;
ribopyranose
acebutolol
alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-alpha-D-mannose : An alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose in which the anomeric hydroxy group has alpha configuration.		2.9440alpha-D-glucosyl-(1->4)-D-mannopyranose
octanoylcarnitine
octanoylcarnitine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. O-octanoyl-L-carnitine : The L-enantiomer of an O-octanoylcarnitine.		2.3820O-octanoylcarnitine;
saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine		human metabolite
palmitoylcarnitine
Palmitoylcarnitine: A long-chain fatty acid ester of carnitine which facilitates the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from cytoplasm into mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids.. O-palmitoyl-L-carnitine : An O-acyl-L-carnitine in which the acyl group is specified as palmitoyl (hexadecanoyl).		2.7130O-palmitoylcarnitine;
saturated fatty acyl-L-carnitine		EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sepharose
agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages.		210
arhalofenate
arhalofenate: a PPAR-gamma modulator		3.2110
acid phosphatase
Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2.		2.0610
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.		1.9910organophosphate oxoanioncofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		2.0510
calcitonin
[no description available]		2.5220
melitten
Melitten: Basic polypeptide from the venom of the honey bee (Apis mellifera). It contains 26 amino acids, has cytolytic properties, causes contracture of muscle, releases histamine, and disrupts surface tension, probably due to lysis of cell and mitochondrial membranes.		2.4520
cholecystokinin
Cholecystokinin: A peptide, of about 33 amino acids, secreted by the upper INTESTINAL MUCOSA and also found in the central nervous system. It causes gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic exocrine (or digestive) enzymes, and affects other gastrointestinal functions. Cholecystokinin may be the mediator of satiety.		4.8942
glucagon
Glucagon: A 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide derived from proglucagon which is also the precursor of intestinal GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDES. Glucagon is secreted by PANCREATIC ALPHA CELLS and plays an important role in regulation of BLOOD GLUCOSE concentration, ketone metabolism, and several other biochemical and physiological processes. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1511). glucagon : A 29-amino acid peptide hormone consisting of His, Ser, Gln, Gly, Thr, Phe, Thr, Ser, Asp, Tyr, Ser, Lys, Tyr, Leu, Asp, Ser, Arg, Arg, Ala, Gln, Asp, Phe, Val, Gln, Trp, Leu, Met, Asn and Thr residues joined in sequence.		3.8221peptide hormone
prosomatostatin
[no description available]		2.0810heterodetic cyclic peptide;
peptide hormone		fungal metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
rat metabolite
glucagon-like peptide 1
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1: A peptide of 36 or 37 amino acids that is derived from PROGLUCAGON and mainly produced by the INTESTINAL L CELLS. GLP-1(1-37 or 1-36) is further N-terminally truncated resulting in GLP-1(7-37) or GLP-1-(7-36) which can be amidated. These GLP-1 peptides are known to enhance glucose-dependent INSULIN release, suppress GLUCAGON release and gastric emptying, lower BLOOD GLUCOSE, and reduce food intake.		4.2131
bam 22p
[no description available]		2.0810
quercetin
[no description available]		2.0510
phosphatidylcholines
Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.		3.57801,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
atractyloside
Atractyloside: A glycoside of a kaurene type diterpene that is found in some plants including Atractylis gummifera (ATRACTYLIS); COFFEE; XANTHIUM, and CALLILEPIS. Toxicity is due to inhibition of ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE.		2.0510
sodium salicylate
[no description available]		2.730organic molecular entity
ubiquinone
Ubiquinone: A lipid-soluble benzoquinone which is involved in ELECTRON TRANSPORT in mitochondrial preparations. The compound occurs in the majority of aerobic organisms, from bacteria to higher plants and animals.		2.0310
amorfrutin a
amorfrutin A: an antidiabetic agent that inhibits NF-kappaB activation; structure in first source		3.2110stilbenoid
lucifer yellow
lucifer yellow: RN given refers to di-Li salt		2.0710organic lithium saltfluorochrome
chitosan
[no description available]		3.9110
s-nitro-n-acetylpenicillamine
S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine: a NO donor		2.0310
sodium hypochlorite
Sodium Hypochlorite: It is used as an oxidizing and bleaching agent and as a disinfectant. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). sodium hypochlorite : An inorganic sodium salt in which hypochlorite is the counterion. It is used as a bleaching and disinfecting agent and is commonly found in household bleach.		2.1510inorganic sodium saltbleaching agent;
disinfectant
canagliflozin
canagliflozin hydrate : A hydrate that is the hemihydrate form of canagliflozin. Used for treatment of type II diabetes via inhibition of sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2.		2.610C-glycosyl compound;
organofluorine compound;
thiophenes		hypoglycemic agent;
sodium-glucose transport protein subtype 2 inhibitor
catechin
[no description available]		2.0510
glycolipids
[no description available]		2.7530
interleukin-8
Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.		2.4420
exenatide
Exenatide: A synthetic form of exendin-4, a 39-amino acid peptide isolated from the venom of the Gila monster lizard (Heloderma suspectum). Exenatide increases CYCLIC AMP levels in pancreatic acinar cells and acts as a GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 RECEPTOR (GLP-1) agonist and incretin mimetic, enhancing insulin secretion in response to increased glucose levels; it also suppresses inappropriate glucagon secretion and slows gastric emptying. It is used an anti-diabetic and anti-obesity agent.		2.8230
methylcellulose
Methylcellulose: Methylester of cellulose. Methylcellulose is used as an emulsifying and suspending agent in cosmetics, pharmaceutics and the chemical industry. It is used therapeutically as a bulk laxative.		1.9710
sr1664
[no description available]		3.2110indolecarboxamide
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		2.4320ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
novobiocin
Novobiocin: An antibiotic compound derived from Streptomyces niveus. It has a chemical structure similar to coumarin. Novobiocin binds to DNA gyrase, and blocks adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p189). novobiocin : A coumarin-derived antibiotic obtained from Streptomyces niveus.		3.110carbamate ester;
ether;
hexoside;
hydroxycoumarin;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
monosaccharide derivative;
phenols		antibacterial agent;
antimicrobial agent;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent
tetracycline
Tetracycline: A naphthacene antibiotic that inhibits AMINO ACYL TRNA binding during protein synthesis.. tetracycline : A broad-spectrum polyketide antibiotic produced by the Streptomyces genus of actinobacteria.		3.520
piroxicam
[no description available]		2.0410benzothiazine;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines		analgesic;
antirheumatic drug;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
mobiflex
tenoxicam : A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries.		2.0410heteroaryl hydroxy compound;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pyridines;
thienothiazine		antipyretic;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		2.7430benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
6-o-palmitoylascorbic acid
[no description available]		2.0110fatty acid ester
4-hydroxycoumarin
2-hydroxychromone: structure		3.110hydroxycoumarin
epidermal growth factor
Epidermal Growth Factor: A 6-kDa polypeptide growth factor initially discovered in mouse submaxillary glands. Human epidermal growth factor was originally isolated from urine based on its ability to inhibit gastric secretion and called urogastrone. Epidermal growth factor exerts a wide variety of biological effects including the promotion of proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal and EPITHELIAL CELLS. It is synthesized as a transmembrane protein which can be cleaved to release a soluble active form.		2.3820
pyrethrins
[no description available]		2.5820
agar
Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.		2.0410
lysophosphatidylinositol
[no description available]		2.0810
daptomycin
[no description available]		7.4920
muramidase
Muramidase: A basic enzyme that is present in saliva, tears, egg white, and many animal fluids. It functions as an antibacterial agent. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in peptidoglycan and between N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues in chitodextrin. EC 3.2.1.17.		2.1510
acyclovir
Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.		2.13102-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug
guanine
[no description available]		2.52202-aminopurines;
oxopurine;
purine nucleobase		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
folic acid
folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.		2.0810folic acids;
N-acyl-amino acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient
rifampin
Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)		3.110cyclic ketal;
hydrazone;
N-iminopiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
rifamycins;
semisynthetic derivative;
zwitterion		angiogenesis inhibitor;
antiamoebic agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antitubercular agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
leprostatic drug;
neuroprotective agent;
pregnane X receptor agonist;
protein synthesis inhibitor
clozapine
Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.		3.110benzodiazepine;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organochlorine compound		adrenergic antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
GABA antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
muscarinic antagonist;
second generation antipsychotic;
serotonergic antagonist;
xenobiotic
raltitrexed
[no description available]		2.0810N-acyl-amino acid
thiolactomycin
thiolactomycin: from actinomycetes; structure given in first source		210
norclozapine
norclozapine: structure given in first source. N-desmethylclozapine : A dibenzodoazepine substituted with chloro and piperazino groups which is a major metabolite of clozapine; a potent and selective 5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.		3.110dibenzodiazepine;
organochlorine compound;
piperazines		delta-opioid receptor agonist;
metabolite;
serotonergic antagonist
8-hydroxyguanine
7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine: was substituted for guanine at G(8), G(9), G(14), or G(15) in the human telomeric oligonucleotide 5'-d[AGGGTTAG(8)G(9)GTT AG(14)G(15)GTTAGGGTGT]-3'. 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine : An oxopurine that is guanine in which the hydrogen at position 8 is replaced by an oxo group and in which the nitrogens at positions 7 and 9 each bear a hydrogen.		2.110oxopurine
trypan blue
Trypan Blue: A diazo-naphthalene sulfonate that is widely used as a stain.. trypan blue : An organosulfonate salt that is the tetrasodium salt of 3,3'-[(3,3'-dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diyl)didiazene-2,1-diyl]bis(5-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2,7-disulfonic acid).		1.9910
methylnitronitrosoguanidine
Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position		2.0610nitroso compoundalkylating agent
maltodextrin
maltodextrin : A dextrin in which the D-glucose units are linked by alpha-(1->4) glycosidic bonds.		2.4420
leptin
Leptin: A 16-kDa peptide hormone secreted from WHITE ADIPOCYTES. Leptin serves as a feedback signal from fat cells to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM in regulation of food intake, energy balance, and fat storage.		2.0310
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Bilirubinemia
[description not available]		02.9210
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		04.440
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		04.440
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.9940
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		02.9940
Extravascular Hemolysis
[description not available]		02.0610
Hemolysis
The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.		02.0610
Obesity
A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).		02.8330
Acoustic Trauma
Usually refer to hearing loss due to a single noise event such as an explosion or shotgun blast.		02.3110
Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced
Hearing loss due to exposure to explosive loud noise or chronic exposure to sound level greater than 85 dB. The hearing loss is often in the frequency range 4000-6000 hertz.		02.3110
Dehydration
The condition that results from excessive loss of water from a living organism.		02.4110
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.4110
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.4110
Aura
[description not available]		04.7350
Epilepsy
A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)		09.7350
Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
[description not available]		02.610
Apoplexy
[description not available]		02.610
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		03.4320
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		08.4320
Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction.		02.610
Stroke
A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)		07.610
Dyslipidemia
[description not available]		02.610
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
[description not available]		04.0340
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
A complex disorder characterized by infertility, HIRSUTISM; OBESITY; and various menstrual disturbances such as OLIGOMENORRHEA; AMENORRHEA; ANOVULATION. Polycystic ovary syndrome is usually associated with bilateral enlarged ovaries studded with atretic follicles, not with cysts. The term, polycystic ovary, is misleading.		09.0340
Dyslipidemias
Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.		02.610
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset
[description not available]		02.5920
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.		02.5920
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System
[description not available]		02.610
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia
[description not available]		03.620
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		04.92120
Alzheimer Disease
A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)		03.620
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.		02.610
Arteriosclerosis, Coronary
[description not available]		02.610
Cardiovascular Diseases
Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.		02.610
Coronary Artery Disease
Pathological processes of CORONARY ARTERIES that may derive from a congenital abnormality, atherosclerotic, or non-atherosclerotic cause.		07.610
Bile Duct Obstruction
[description not available]		05.231
Cholestasis
Impairment of bile flow due to obstruction in small bile ducts (INTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS) or obstruction in large bile ducts (EXTRAHEPATIC CHOLESTASIS).		05.231
Colitis, Mucous
[description not available]		03.1710
Colitis Gravis
[description not available]		03.1710
Colitis, Granulomatous
[description not available]		03.3820
Colitis, Ulcerative
Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.		03.1710
Crohn Disease
A chronic transmural inflammation that may involve any part of the DIGESTIVE TRACT from MOUTH to ANUS, mostly found in the ILEUM, the CECUM, and the COLON. In Crohn disease, the inflammation, extending through the intestinal wall from the MUCOSA to the serosa, is characteristically asymmetric and segmental. Epithelioid GRANULOMAS may be seen in some patients.		03.3820
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
A disorder with chronic or recurrent colonic symptoms without a clearcut etiology. This condition is characterized by chronic or recurrent ABDOMINAL PAIN, bloating, MUCUS in FECES, and an erratic disturbance of DEFECATION.		03.1710
Body Weight
The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.		02.7830
Alloxan Diabetes
[description not available]		02.9540
Drug Refractory Epilepsy
[description not available]		02.2510
Cancer of Endometrium
[description not available]		02.2510
Endometrial Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of ENDOMETRIUM, the mucous lining of the UTERUS. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. Their classification and grading are based on the various cell types and the percent of undifferentiated cells.		02.2510
Dermatitis, Contact, Phototoxic
[description not available]		03.1710
Glomerulonephritis, Lupus
[description not available]		02.1510
Lupus Nephritis
Glomerulonephritis associated with autoimmune disease SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Lupus nephritis is histologically classified into 6 classes: class I - normal glomeruli, class II - pure mesangial alterations, class III - focal segmental glomerulonephritis, class IV - diffuse glomerulonephritis, class V - diffuse membranous glomerulonephritis, and class VI - advanced sclerosing glomerulonephritis (The World Health Organization classification 1982).		02.1510
Neuroblastoma
A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)		02.1510
Moniliasis, Oral
[description not available]		03.0240
Candidiasis, Oral
Infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth by a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. (Dorland, 27th ed)		03.0240
Enteritis
Inflammation of any segment of the SMALL INTESTINE.		02.1510
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		04.6350
Diabetes Mellitus
A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.		04.3520
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		04.6350
Blood Pressure, High
[description not available]		02.1710
Hypertension
Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.		02.1710
Cancer of Digestive System
[description not available]		04.5111
Digestive System Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.		04.5111
E coli Infections
[description not available]		02.4920
Swine Diseases
Diseases of domestic swine and of the wild boar of the genus Sus.		02.2110
Escherichia coli Infections
Infections with bacteria of the species ESCHERICHIA COLI.		02.4920
Breast Cancer
[description not available]		02.5520
Breast Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.		02.5520
B16 Melanoma
[description not available]		02.4220
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic
[description not available]		02.110
Liver Steatosis
[description not available]		02.110
Fatty Liver
Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.		02.110
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.		02.110
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic
[description not available]		02.110
Bile Duct Cancer
[description not available]		02.1110
Experimental Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.1110
Bile Duct Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.		02.1110
Cancer of Skin
[description not available]		02.4220
Colorectal Cancer
[description not available]		07.5220
Skin Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.		02.4220
Colorectal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.		02.5220
Ache
[description not available]		02.1110
Pain
An unpleasant sensation induced by noxious stimuli which are detected by NERVE ENDINGS of NOCICEPTIVE NEURONS.		02.1110
Hyperlipemia
[description not available]		02.1110
Hyperlipidemias
Conditions with excess LIPIDS in the blood.		02.1110
Adenovirus Infections
[description not available]		02.1110
Adenoviridae Infections
Virus diseases caused by the ADENOVIRIDAE.		02.1110
Insulin Sensitivity
[description not available]		03.4520
Insulin Resistance
Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.		03.4520
Hyperandrogenism
A condition caused by the excessive secretion of ANDROGENS from the ADRENAL CORTEX; the OVARIES; or the TESTES. The clinical significance in males is negligible. In women, the common manifestations are HIRSUTISM and VIRILISM as seen in patients with POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME and ADRENOCORTICAL HYPERFUNCTION.		03.4520
Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion
[description not available]		02.1310
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		03.1250
Dental Plaque
A film that attaches to teeth, often causing DENTAL CARIES and GINGIVITIS. It is composed of MUCINS, secreted from salivary glands, and microorganisms.		02.4420
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		03.4370
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		02.0510
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		02.0510
Elevated Cholesterol
[description not available]		02.4720
Hypercholesterolemia
A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.		02.4720
Anasarca
[description not available]		02.0610
Edema
Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.		02.0610
Cataract, Membranous
[description not available]		02.0810
Cataract
Partial or complete opacity on or in the lens or capsule of one or both eyes, impairing vision or causing blindness. The many kinds of cataract are classified by their morphology (size, shape, location) or etiology (cause and time of occurrence). (Dorland, 27th ed)		02.0810
Intraocular Pressure
The pressure of the fluids in the eye.		02.0810
Cystic Fibrosis of Pancreas
[description not available]		02.0110
Edema, Pulmonary
[description not available]		02.0110
Cystic Fibrosis
An autosomal recessive genetic disease of the EXOCRINE GLANDS. It is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CYSTIC FIBROSIS TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR expressed in several organs including the LUNG, the PANCREAS, the BILIARY SYSTEM, and the SWEAT GLANDS. Cystic fibrosis is characterized by epithelial secretory dysfunction associated with ductal obstruction resulting in AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION; chronic RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; maldigestion; salt depletion; and HEAT PROSTRATION.		02.0110
Pulmonary Edema
Excessive accumulation of extravascular fluid in the lung, an indication of a serious underlying disease or disorder. Pulmonary edema prevents efficient PULMONARY GAS EXCHANGE in the PULMONARY ALVEOLI, and can be life-threatening.		02.0110
Poultry Diseases
Diseases of birds which are raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption and are usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc. The concept is differentiated from BIRD DISEASES which is for diseases of birds not considered poultry and usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild.		02.0210
Salmonella Infections, Animal
Infections in animals with bacteria of the genus SALMONELLA.		02.0210
Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Error
[description not available]		02.6730
Giardia duodenalis Infection
[description not available]		02.0210
Giardiasis
An infection of the SMALL INTESTINE caused by the flagellated protozoan GIARDIA. It is spread via contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact.		02.0210
Bacterial Disease
[description not available]		02.9510
Bowel Diseases, Inflammatory
[description not available]		02.9510
Bacterial Infections
Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.		02.9510
Intestinal Diseases
Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.		02.9510
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Chronic, non-specific inflammation of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. Etiology may be genetic or environmental. This term includes CROHN DISEASE and ULCERATIVE COLITIS.		02.9510
Enterocolitis
Inflammation of the MUCOSA of both the SMALL INTESTINE and the LARGE INTESTINE. Etiology includes ISCHEMIA, infections, allergic, and immune responses.		02.0410
Hypovolemic
[description not available]		02.0410
Hypovolemia
An abnormally low volume of blood circulating through the body. It may result in hypovolemic shock (see SHOCK).		02.0410
Pregnancy
The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.		01.9610
Metabolic Acidosis
[description not available]		01.9610
Acetonemia
[description not available]		01.9610
Starvation
Lengthy and continuous deprivation of food. (Stedman, 25th ed)		01.9610
Acidosis
A pathologic condition of acid accumulation or depletion of base in the body. The two main types are RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS and metabolic acidosis, due to metabolic acid build up.		01.9610
Extravasation of Contrast Media
[description not available]		01.9810
Papilloma, Squamous Cell
[description not available]		01.9810
Papilloma
A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)		01.9810
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		01.9910
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		01.9910
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
[description not available]		0210
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.		0210
Eye Disorders
[description not available]		02.0110
Eye Diseases
Diseases affecting the eye.		02.0110
Muscle Disorders
[description not available]		01.9710
Muscular Diseases
Acquired, familial, and congenital disorders of SKELETAL MUSCLE and SMOOTH MUSCLE.		01.9710
Cot Death
[description not available]		01.9710