| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
bromide
Bromides: Salts of hydrobromic acid, HBr, with the bromine atom in the 1- oxidation state. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | halide anion;
monoatomic bromine | |
glycerol
Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | alditol;
triol | algal metabolite;
detergent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
solvent |
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity | antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite |
methanol
Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
inositol
Inositol: An isomer of glucose that has traditionally been considered to be a B vitamin although it has an uncertain status as a vitamin and a deficiency syndrome has not been identified in man. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1379) Inositol phospholipids are important in signal transduction.. inositol : Any cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.. 1D-chiro-inositol : Belonging to the inositol family of compounds, D-chiro-inositol (DCI) is an isomer of glucose. It is an important secondary messenger in insulin signal transduction.. muco-inositol : An inositol that is cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol having a (1R,2R,3r,4R,5S,6r)-configuration. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | cyclitol;
hexol | |
mercaptoethanol
Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | alkanethiol;
primary alcohol | geroprotector |
ether
Ether: A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.. ether : An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen.. diethyl ether : An ether in which the oxygen atom is linked to two ethyl groups. | 2 | 1 | 0 | ether;
volatile organic compound | inhalation anaesthetic;
non-polar solvent;
refrigerant |
sorbitol
D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol). | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | glucitol | cathartic;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food humectant;
human metabolite;
laxative;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent |
galactose
galactopyranose : The pyranose form of galactose. | 7.28 | 31 | 1 | D-galactose;
galactopyranose | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
mannitol
[no description available] | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | mannitol | allergen;
antiglaucoma drug;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
food anticaking agent;
food bulking agent;
food humectant;
food stabiliser;
food thickening agent;
hapten;
metabolite;
osmotic diuretic;
sweetening agent |
methylamine
methyl group : An alkyl group that is the univalent group derived from methane by removal of a hydrogen atom. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | methylamines;
one-carbon compound;
primary aliphatic amine | mouse metabolite |
vinyl ether
vinyl ether: major descriptor (65-85); on-line search VINYL COMPOUNDS (66-85); Index Medicus search VINYL ETHER (65-85) | 2 | 1 | 0 | ether | |
pyrroles
1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | pyrrole;
secondary amine | |
calcium gluconate
[no description available] | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | calcium salt | nutraceutical |
uridine diphosphate galactose
Uridine Diphosphate Galactose: A nucleoside diphosphate sugar which can be epimerized into UDPglucose for entry into the mainstream of carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a source of galactose in the synthesis of lipopolysaccharides, cerebrosides, and lactose.. UDP-alpha-D-galactose : A UDP-D-galactose in which the anomeric centre of the galactose moiety has alpha-configuration. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | UDP-D-galactose | mouse metabolite |
palladium
Palladium: A chemical element having an atomic weight of 106.4, atomic number of 46, and the symbol Pd. It is a white, ductile metal resembling platinum, and following it in abundance and importance of applications. It is used in dentistry in the form of gold, silver, and copper alloys.. palladium : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 46. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | metal allergen;
nickel group element atom;
platinum group metal atom | |
cerium
Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom | |
acetylglucosamine
Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre. | 2.43 | 2 | 0 | N-acetyl-D-glucosamine | epitope |
galactose
aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | | |
fluorides
[no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | halide anion;
monoatomic fluorine | |
alkenes
[no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | | |
trifluoromethanesulfonic acid
trifluoromethanesulfonic acid: deblocking reagent for peptide synthesis; RN given refers to parent cpd. triflic acid : A one-carbon compound that is methanesulfonic acid in which the hydrogens attached to the methyl carbon have been replaced by fluorines. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound;
perfluoroalkanesulfonic acid | |
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | D-glucopyranose | epitope;
mouse metabolite |
bergenin
bergenin: RN refers to (2R-(2alpha,3beta,4alpha,4aalpha,10bbeta))-isomer; structure | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | trihydroxybenzoic acid | metabolite |
methylumbelliferyl-beta-d-xyloside
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
arabitol
arabitol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. arabinitol : A pentitol that is the sugar alcohol produced by the reduction of arabinose or lyxose. It is found in serum or urine of human infected with Candida albicans.. D-arabinitol : The D-enantiomer of arabinitol. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | arabinitol | |
methyl beta-galactoside
methyl beta-galactoside: RN given refers to (beta-D)-isomer. methyl galactoside : A methyl glycoside in which the H of the OH group on C-1 of galactose is replaced by a methyl group.. methyl beta-D-galactoside : A beta-D-galactopyranoside having a methyl substituent at the anomeric position. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-galactoside;
methyl D-galactoside;
monosaccharide derivative | |
deoxyglucose
Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | | |
dimethyldioxirane
dimethyldioxirane: structure given in first source; powerful oxidizing agent | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | | |
tagetitoxin
tagetitoxin: chlorosis-inducing phytoxin produced by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tagetis; inhibits RNA synthesis directed by chloroplast RNA polymerase | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | | |
bicyclo(3.3.1)nonane
bicyclo(3.3.1)nonane: structure in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | | |
ristosamine
ristosamine: aminosugar component of antibiotic ristomycin; RN given refers to (D-ribo)-isomer; see also acosamine, (L-arabino)-isomer: 41094-24-0 & daunosamine, (L-lyxo)-isomer: 26548-47-0; structure | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | | |
2-oxindole
2-oxindole: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. indolin-2-one : An indolinone carrying an oxo group at position 2. | 2.41 | 1 | 0 | gamma-lactam;
indolinone | |
daunosamine
daunosamine: amino sugar moiety common to adriamycin & daunomycin; RN given refers to (L-lyxo)-isomer; see also ristosamine, (L-ribo)-isomer: 51869-30-8 & acosamine, (L-arabino)-isomer: 41094-24-0; structure | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | | |
ginsenoside rg1
[no description available] | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | 12beta-hydroxy steroid;
3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid;
beta-D-glucoside;
ginsenoside;
tetracyclic triterpenoid | neuroprotective agent;
pro-angiogenic agent |
glycosides
[no description available] | 3.4 | 7 | 0 | | |
d-glucal
[no description available] | 7.01 | 1 | 0 | | |
ginsenosides
ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives. | 2.31 | 1 | 0 | | |
sodium borohydride
sodium borohydride: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | inorganic sodium salt;
metal tetrahydridoborate | |
hymecromone
Hymecromone: A coumarin derivative possessing properties as a spasmolytic, choleretic and light-protective agent. It is also used in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES for the determination of NITRIC ACID. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | hydroxycoumarin | antineoplastic agent;
hyaluronic acid synthesis inhibitor |
papulacandins
papulacandins: isolated from Papularia sphaerosperma (Deutermycetes); see also papulacandin B; structures of papulacandins A,C & D in second source. papulacandin : Any of the carbohydrate-containing antibiotic compounds obtained from the deuteromycetous fungus Papularia sphaerosperma and generally consisting of o-orsellinic acid linked via a spirocyclic structure to a lactose moiety with two different side-chains: a shorter fatty-acid chain at the O-(6') position and a longer side-chain at the O-(3) position of the glucose moiety. Papulacandin D, the simplest member of the papulacandin family, lacks the O-(6'-acyl-beta-galactoside) at the O-(4) position of the glucose residue. The papulacandins show potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Geotrichum lactis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Pneumocytis carinii, but are inactive against filamentous fungi, bacteria, and protazoa. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | | |
halichondrin b
halichondrin B: from marine sponge Halichondria okadai; binds in the Vinca domain of tubulin | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | furopyran | |
chromomycin a3
Chromomycin A3: Glycosidic antibiotic from Streptomyces griseus used as a fluorescent stain of DNA and as an antineoplastic agent. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | | |