Page last updated: 2024-11-06

2-phenylimidazole

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2-Phenylimidazole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound with the formula C9H8N2. It is a white solid that is soluble in organic solvents. 2-Phenylimidazole has been studied for its potential applications in various fields, including:
- **Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals**: It serves as a key building block for the synthesis of numerous pharmaceuticals, such as antifungal and anti-inflammatory agents.
- **Materials Science**: 2-Phenylimidazole exhibits promising properties for the development of materials with enhanced optical, electronic, and magnetic characteristics.
- **Organic Chemistry Research**: It is a versatile reagent used in the exploration of various organic reactions and synthetic methodologies.
- **Biochemistry and Biology**: 2-Phenylimidazole has demonstrated interactions with biological systems, exhibiting potential therapeutic effects in specific biological pathways.
- **Coordination Chemistry**: It can act as a ligand in coordination chemistry, forming complexes with transition metals.
- **Analytical Chemistry**: 2-Phenylimidazole has been employed as a reagent in analytical methods, particularly in the determination of metal ions.
- **Industrial Applications**: It finds use in the synthesis of various industrial products, including dyes, pigments, and resins.'

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID69591
CHEMBL ID14189
SCHEMBL ID8901
MeSH IDM0164745

Synonyms (46)

Synonym
bdbm50078824
imidazole, 2-phenyl-
1h-imidazole, 2-phenyl-
2-phenyl-1h-imidazole
nsc255226
2-phenyl imidazole
nsc-255226
670-96-2
2-phenylimidazole
piy ,
2-phenylimidazole, 98%
inchi=1/c9h8n2/c1-2-4-8(5-3-1)9-10-6-7-11-9/h1-7h,(h,10,11)
zcujyxpakhmbaz-uhfffaoysa-
CHEMBL14189 ,
2-phenyl-1h-imidazol
P0684
AKOS000121409
A835629
STK949036
BBL012170
einecs 211-581-7
ai3-50034
unii-7r2590hm4l
nsc 255226
7r2590hm4l ,
FT-0613337
AM20040991
S5877
curezol 2pz
2-phenyl-imidazole
phenyl imidazole
SCHEMBL8901
DTXSID7060968
W-104731
STR05632
mfcd00005186
F2190-0641
AC-8733
CS-0017785
SB12467
Q27268739
A929223
F11700
phi, 2-phenyl-1h-imidazole
EN300-21112
Z104492164
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (3)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Nitric oxide synthase, inducibleMus musculus (house mouse)IC50 (µMol)1,000.00000.00103.39119.6000AID147271
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)Kd100.00000.00010.59939.2000AID69097
Adenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)Kd3,000.00000.01301.83683.4930AID220591
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (95)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
protein destabilizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macroautophagySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
protein autophosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell growthSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
T-helper 1 cell lineage commitmentSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
heart morphogenesisSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
heart valve morphogenesisSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
energy reserve metabolic processSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
'de novo' pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic processSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
inflammatory responseSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cytoskeleton organizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
lysosome organizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
germ cell developmentSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
response to nutrientSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell sizeSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to starvationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
response to heatSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
post-embryonic developmentSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of autophagySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lamellipodium assemblySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transitionSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of myotube differentiationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
macroautophagySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of macroautophagySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
peptidyl-serine phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal action potentialSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
protein catabolic processSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell growthSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of actin filament polymerizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
T cell costimulationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
ruffle organizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of myelinationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
response to nutrient levelsSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to nutrient levelsSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to nutrientSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
TOR signalingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to insulin stimulusSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascadeSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amino acid starvationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growthSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
TORC1 signalingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of circadian rhythmSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
response to amino acidSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
anoikisSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of osteoclast differentiationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of translationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell sizeSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glycolytic processSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIISerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of translational initiationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic processSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
behavioral response to painSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
rhythmic processSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte differentiationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
voluntary musculoskeletal movementSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stress fiber assemblySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of keratinocyte migrationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
nucleus localizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell developmentSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle contractionSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to methionineSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascadeSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to amino acid stimulusSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to L-leucineSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to osmotic stressSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane permeabilitySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of cellular response to heatSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein localization to nucleusSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediatorSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription of nucleolar large rRNA by RNA polymerase ISerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of wound healing, spreading of epidermal cellsSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of locomotor rhythmSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of lysosome organizationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of pentose-phosphate shuntSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to leucine starvationSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of autophagosome assemblySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of macroautophagySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
purine ribonucleoside salvageAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
dATP biosynthetic processAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic processAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
GMP salvageAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
AMP salvageAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
dAMP salvageAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
purine nucleobase metabolic processAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (17)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
TFIIIC-class transcription factor complex bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine/threonine kinase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
kinase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
ribosome bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
phosphoprotein bindingSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
protein serine kinase activitySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
RNA bindingAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
deoxyadenosine kinase activityAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
ATP bindingAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
metal ion bindingAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
adenosine kinase activityAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (18)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
PML bodySerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomal membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
Golgi membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial outer membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomeSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomal membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
endomembrane systemSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
membraneSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
dendriteSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
TORC1 complexSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
TORC2 complexSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicleSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear envelopeSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmSerine/threonine-protein kinase mTORHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAdenosine kinaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (20)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID419587Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis after 24 hrs by tube dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6
Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID1091678Inhibition of Leptosphaeria maculans brassinin oxidase activity at 0.30 mM relative to control2009Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 57, Issue:6
Synthetic inhibitors of the fungal detoxifying enzyme brassinin oxidase based on the phytoalexin camalexin scaffold.
AID419589Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger after 7 days by tube dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6
Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID208349Enhancement of styrene hydrolase activity was determined in male wistar rat hepatic microsomes given to untreated rats.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8
Structural features of imidazole derivatives that enhance styrene oxide hydrolase activity in rat hepatic microsomes.
AID419588Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli after 24 hrs by tube dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6
Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID26397Dissociation constant (pKa, calculated using GNN method)1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-19, Volume: 40, Issue:26
Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships from molecular similarity matrices and genetic neural networks. 2. Applications.
AID91715Binding affinity for imidazoline receptor I-2 in rabbit kidney homogenate (relative to [3H]-Idazoxan radioligand)2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-23, Volume: 43, Issue:6
3D-QSAR CoMFA study on imidazolinergic I(2) ligands: a significant model through a combined exploration of structural diversity and methodology.
AID25092Ionization constant (pKa)1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 34, Issue:7
Direct prediction of dissociation constants (pKa's) of clonidine-like imidazolines, 2-substituted imidazoles, and 1-methyl-2-substituted-imidazoles from 3D structures using a comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) approach.
AID419586Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after 24 hrs by tube dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6
Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID208345Enhancement of styrene hydrolase activity was determined in male wistar rat hepatic microsomes given to 3-methylcholanthrene treated rats.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8
Structural features of imidazole derivatives that enhance styrene oxide hydrolase activity in rat hepatic microsomes.
AID419590Antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by tube dilution method2009European journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 44, Issue:6
Synthesis, antimicrobial and antiviral evaluation of substituted imidazole derivatives.
AID147271Inhibition of purified mouse inducible nitric oxide synthase catalyzed [14C]L-citrulline production at a compound concentration of 1 mM in presence of 50 uM L-arginine1999Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-18, Volume: 9, Issue:20
Guanidine-substituted imidazoles as inhibitors of nitric oxide synthase.
AID1091689Inhibition of Leptosphaeria maculans brassinin oxidase activity at 0.10 mM relative to control2009Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 57, Issue:6
Synthetic inhibitors of the fungal detoxifying enzyme brassinin oxidase based on the phytoalexin camalexin scaffold.
AID25595Dissociation constant was evaluated1996Journal of medicinal chemistry, May-24, Volume: 39, Issue:11
Comparative molecular moment analysis (CoMMA): 3D-QSAR without molecular superposition.
AID1335177Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive asexual erythrocyte stage of Plasmodium falciparum NF54 infected in human type O+ erythrocytes assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by NBT dye based LDH release assay2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 8, Issue:2
Identification and Mechanistic Evaluation of Hemozoin-Inhibiting Triarylimidazoles Active against
AID220591Inhibition of human adenosine kinase2000Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-14, Volume: 43, Issue:25
Design of adenosine kinase inhibitors from the NMR-based screening of fragments.
AID208347Enhancement of styrene hydrolase activity was determined in male wistar rat hepatic microsomes given to phenobarbital treated rats.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8
Structural features of imidazole derivatives that enhance styrene oxide hydrolase activity in rat hepatic microsomes.
AID69097Dissociation constant when binding to FK506 binding protein (FKBP).1999Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul-15, Volume: 42, Issue:14
Evaluation of PMF scoring in docking weak ligands to the FK506 binding protein.
AID1335178Antimalarial activity against chloroquine-resistant asexual erythrocyte stage of Plasmodium falciparum K1 infected in human type O+ erythrocytes assessed as growth inhibition incubated for 48 hrs by NBT dye based LDH release assay2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 8, Issue:2
Identification and Mechanistic Evaluation of Hemozoin-Inhibiting Triarylimidazoles Active against
AID1335175Inhibition of beta-hematin formation incubated for 5 to 6 hrs by NP40 detergent-mediated assay2017ACS medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-09, Volume: 8, Issue:2
Identification and Mechanistic Evaluation of Hemozoin-Inhibiting Triarylimidazoles Active against
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (18)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19902 (11.11)18.7374
1990's7 (38.89)18.2507
2000's7 (38.89)29.6817
2010's2 (11.11)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 32.98

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index32.98 (24.57)
Research Supply Index2.94 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.82 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index38.04 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (32.98)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other18 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]