Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Birdshot Chorioretinitis

A form of chorioretinitis characterized by multiple small, cream-colored LESIONS, symmetrically scattered mainly around the OPTIC DISK. These lesions are the most distinctive sign and often appear at the level of the RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM but, on occasion, suggest an even deeper infiltration and may ultimately lead to visual loss. An association with HLA-A29 antigen (see HLA-A ANTIGENS) has been observed in nearly all patients.

Synonyms(4)

Synonym
Birdshot Retinochoroiditis
Birdshot Chorioretinopathy
Birdshot Retinochoroidopathy
Birdshot Chorioretinitis

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Birdshot chorioretinopathy is a nongranulomatous nodular infiltration of the choroid."( Bradley, E; Canal, I; Kravitz, D; Pulido, JS; Salomão, D; Vile, R, 2012)

Research

Studies (34)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19900 (0.00)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's0 (0.00)18.1394
2010's29 (85.29)28.8240
2020's5 (14.71)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
prednisolone0low10
prednisone0low40
fluocinolone acetonide0low50
triamcinolone acetonide0low10
methylprednisolone0low10
fluorescein0low10
triamcinolone0low10
tacrolimus0low10
mycophenolic acid0low50
indocyanine green0low180
cyclosporine0low40
ganciclovir0low10
valganciclovir0low10

Protein Targets (180)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase2002
SMAD family member 25005
SMAD family member 35005
TDP1 protein6006
GLI family zinc finger 36006
AR protein9009
Smad32002
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)6006
progesterone receptor8008
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 43003
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]9009
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 15005
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha8008
pregnane X nuclear receptor7007
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha9009
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor5005
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a8008
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 24004
mitogen-activated protein kinase 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)2002
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor2002
plasminogen precursor2002
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor2002
lamin isoform A-delta105005
Glucocorticoid receptor012219
Cellular tumor antigen p537007
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1012012
Glycine receptor subunit beta012012
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2012012
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3012012
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 57007
Ataxin-27007
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE2002
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE2002
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
Chain A, Ferritin light chain2002
acetylcholinesterase3003
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit4004
Microtubule-associated protein tau1001
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)3003
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha4004
farnesoid X nuclear receptor2002
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta3003
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma3003
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 25005
aryl hydrocarbon receptor4004
activating transcription factor 62002
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor1001
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a3003
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)3003
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 13003
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 24004
heat shock protein beta-13003
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 14004
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 12002
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 11001
Thymidine kinase 0101
endonuclease IV1001
thioredoxin reductase2002
ClpP1001
Fumarate hydratase1001
NFKB1 protein, partial2002
GLS protein1001
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A13003
EWS/FLI fusion protein1001
polyprotein1001
arylsulfatase A2002
geminin6006
survival motor neuron protein isoform d2002
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 13003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi3003
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0001
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30505
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40505
Bile salt export pump0505
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 20001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-13003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta3003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-23003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-53003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-33003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-13003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-23003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-43003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-33003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-63003
Transitional endoplasmic reticulum ATPase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-13003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-33003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-23003
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 60001
GABA theta subunit3003
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10505
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon3003
PPM1D protein1001
nonstructural protein 11001
G1001
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
IDH12002
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 26006
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 12002
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20022
Interferon beta3003
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 1001
Androgen receptor0303
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 11001
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial1001
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase1001
Chain A, Inosine-5'-Monophosphate Dehydrogenase 20101
Chain A, HADH2 protein3003
Chain B, HADH2 protein3003
glp-1 receptor, partial2002
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma3003
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 32002
67.9K protein1001
Histone H2A.x1001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
peripheral myelin protein 222002
lethal factor (plasmid)1001
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90001
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit2002
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 20202
Glutamate receptor 10101
Glutamate receptor 22103
Glutamate receptor 30101
Glutamate receptor 40101
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 1 0202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0001
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma0011
Alpha-synuclein1001
TAR DNA-binding protein 432002
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase0102
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A70001
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A100001
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A80001
luciferase0001
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Estrogen receptor0202
Progesterone receptor0203
Glucocorticoid receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0011
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0213
Androgen receptor0202
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0202
Glutamine synthetase0011
Histamine H1 receptor0011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
Nociceptin receptor0011
Cytochrome P450 2J20202
Estrogen receptor beta0202
pregnane X receptor1001
thioredoxin glutathione reductase2002
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA1001
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 13003
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
USP1 protein, partial1001
Cytochrome P450 3A40101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70001
Cytochrome P450 3A50101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40001
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR0101
Spike glycoprotein2002
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1A0213
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP1B0011
Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform0101
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase FKBP50101
Splicing factor 3B subunit 30101
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10101
ATAD5 protein, partial2002
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
chromobox protein homolog 12002
procathepsin L isoform 1 preproprotein0101
Chain A, Beta-lactamase1001
cytochrome P450 2D61001
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]